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In a world in need of profound change, the importance of transformative education is increasingly recognized. However, barriers abound in our Higher Education Institutions, including that educators often have little notion of how to make their teaching more transformative in practice. This paper builds on our experience of developing a transformative learning intervention in the context of our sustainability education at Utrecht University. For this project, we designed a learning cycle consisting of seven steps, summarized as excavate, absorb, experience, observe, deepen, exchange, and consolidate. We tested this seven-step learning journey in two Bachelor courses, using qualitative student evaluations (n = 305), and then substantiated it by drawing on the learning sciences literature. We conclude this cycle can help educators structure their teaching; include reflective, experiential, and interactive learning methodologies; and invite learners to systematically reflect on their change in meaning making, thereby supporting (transformative) education design in different contexts.

The study aimed to identify “the effect of using the metacognitive learning cycle strategy in developing reading comprehension in the Arabic language subject for ninth-grade students.” The study adopted the experimental method and the quasi-experimental design, where a reading comprehension test was prepared, consisting of (17) items. The study sample consisted of (50) students who were chosen intentionally. The results of the study showed that there was a statistically significant effect on the study sample’s scores in the reading comprehension test according to the teaching method (metacognitive learning course strategy for teaching the Arabic language, regular), and the differences were in favor of those who were exposed to For the strategy of the metacognitive learning course for teaching the Arabic language compared to individuals using the traditional method, the researcher recommends preparing a guide for the Arabic language teacher regarding reading comprehension skills and methods for developing them.

The Erasmus+ project, entitled ?Digital Erasmus ? a roadmap to using building performance simulation to achieve resilient design? (DesRes), seeks to transform the learning experience of students in built environment disciplines using a continuous digital learning cycle. Three universities play a part in this project: Graz University of Technology (TU Graz), Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) and the University of Strathclyde (UoS), each developing and delivering a module to complete the learning experience in building simulation. This paper describes the aims and learning objectives associated with the workshops taught at TU Graz as part of the module dedicated to energy monitoring. These workshops tackle the complexity of working with large data sets, which commonly arise from energy monitoring research. In particular, the workshops aim to provide a practical understanding of how to identify, handle, reshape, clean up and evaluate important summary statistics from incomplete data sets. These are fundamental skills in building simulation where model validation and calibration are increasingly commonplace., Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public., Building Physics

[ES] La intención de la tesis de máster es la mejora de un laboratorio de fabricación ajustada situado en Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH), concedido por Atlas Copco. El laboratorio Lean se utilizó en la "Ingeniería de Producción - Planificación y Control" los años anteriores en las instalaciones de Atlas Copco y este año fue adquirido por el KTH. Ahora que KTH posee la línea de producción, se requieren algunas mejoras para poder aumentar los conceptos enseñados en el laboratorio del curso. La tesis de máster se inicia con una sólida búsqueda de información acerca de las fábricas de aprendizaje, la filosofía lean y la producción automatizada. Está información recopilada en la sección literature review, ha permitido adquirir los conocimientos necesarios para comprender en primer lugar el funcionamiento y diseño de los laboratorios lean, además de interiorizar el importante papel que estos módulos de aprendizaje juegan en el desarrollo y evolución de las empresas. Las cuales necesitan de herramientas como estas para suavizar la transición hacia nuevos sistemas de producción más competitivos y eficientes. Del mismo modo, como se ha comentado, la tesis tiene la finalidad de acercar a los estudiantes la filosofía lean. Para ello se han estudiado y analizado algunas de las herramientas más importantes que conforman esta filosofía, buscando la mejor manera de presentarla e introducirla en el laboratorio. Y por último la búsqueda de información se ha centrado en la producción automatizada, los avances en esta tecnología unidos a la filosofía lean, permiten alcanzar niveles de eficiencia superiores. Como se ha podido comprobar en diversos artículos la automatización es el complemento ideal y necesario a la filosofía lean, como paso previo a la industria 4.0. Por lo que también se ha buscado soluciones de automatización que ayudaran al laboratorio lean a alcanzar un estadio de producción superior. En la segunda etapa de la tesis de maestría habrá una investigación de la líne, [EN] The intention of the Master thesis is the improvement of a lean manufacturing laboratory placed in Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH) granted by Atlas Copco. The lean laboratory was being used in the Production Engineering Planning and Control the previous years in Atlas Copco installations and this year was acquired by the KTH. Now that KTH owns the production line, some improvements are required in order to be able to increase the concepts taught in the course laboratory. The master's thesis is initiated with a solid search for information about learning factories, lean philosophy and automated manufacturing. This information, gathered in the literature review section, has allowed the acquisition of the necessary knowledge to first understand the functioning and design of lean laboratories, as well as to internalize the important role that these learning modules play in the development and evolution of companies. Corporations need tools such as these to smooth the transition to new, more competitive and efficient production systems. In the same way, as it has been commented, the thesis has the purpose of bringing the lean philosophy closer to the students. To this end, some of the most important tools that make up this philosophy have been studied and analysed, seeking the best way to present it and introduce it in the laboratory. And finally, the search for information has focused on the automated manufacturing, the advances in this technology together with the lean philosophy allow to reach higher levels of efficiency on the production lines. As has been proven in several articles, automation is the ideal and necessary complement to the lean philosophy, as a preliminary step to industry 4.0. For this reason, automation solutions have also been sought to help the lean lab reach a higher production stage. In the second stage of the master thesis there will be an inquiry of the actual production line, locating the source of waste in time and resources. During t

[ES] La intención de la tesis de máster es la mejora de un laboratorio de fabricación ajustada situado en Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH), concedido por Atlas Copco. El laboratorio Lean se utilizó en la "Ingeniería de Producción - Planificación y Control" los años anteriores en las instalaciones de Atlas Copco y este año fue adquirido por el KTH. Ahora que KTH posee la línea de producción, se requieren algunas mejoras para poder aumentar los conceptos enseñados en el laboratorio del curso. La tesis de máster se inicia con una sólida búsqueda de información acerca de las fábricas de aprendizaje, la filosofía lean y la producción automatizada. Está información recopilada en la sección literature review, ha permitido adquirir los conocimientos necesarios para comprender en primer lugar el funcionamiento y diseño de los laboratorios lean, además de interiorizar el importante papel que estos módulos de aprendizaje juegan en el desarrollo y evolución de las empresas. Las cuales necesitan de herramientas como estas para suavizar la transición hacia nuevos sistemas de producción más competitivos y eficientes. Del mismo modo, como se ha comentado, la tesis tiene la finalidad de acercar a los estudiantes la filosofía lean. Para ello se han estudiado y analizado algunas de las herramientas más importantes que conforman esta filosofía, buscando la mejor manera de presentarla e introducirla en el laboratorio. Y por último la búsqueda de información se ha centrado en la producción automatizada, los avances en esta tecnología unidos a la filosofía lean, permiten alcanzar niveles de eficiencia superiores. Como se ha podido comprobar en diversos artículos la automatización es el complemento ideal y necesario a la filosofía lean, como paso previo a la industria 4.0. Por lo que también se ha buscado soluciones de automatización que ayudaran al laboratorio lean a alcanzar un estadio de producción superior. En la segunda etapa de la tesis de maestría habrá una investigación de la líne, [EN] The intention of the Master thesis is the improvement of a lean manufacturing laboratory placed in Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH) granted by Atlas Copco. The lean laboratory was being used in the Production Engineering Planning and Control the previous years in Atlas Copco installations and this year was acquired by the KTH. Now that KTH owns the production line, some improvements are required in order to be able to increase the concepts taught in the course laboratory. The master's thesis is initiated with a solid search for information about learning factories, lean philosophy and automated manufacturing. This information, gathered in the literature review section, has allowed the acquisition of the necessary knowledge to first understand the functioning and design of lean laboratories, as well as to internalize the important role that these learning modules play in the development and evolution of companies. Corporations need tools such as these to smooth the transition to new, more competitive and efficient production systems. In the same way, as it has been commented, the thesis has the purpose of bringing the lean philosophy closer to the students. To this end, some of the most important tools that make up this philosophy have been studied and analysed, seeking the best way to present it and introduce it in the laboratory. And finally, the search for information has focused on the automated manufacturing, the advances in this technology together with the lean philosophy allow to reach higher levels of efficiency on the production lines. As has been proven in several articles, automation is the ideal and necessary complement to the lean philosophy, as a preliminary step to industry 4.0. For this reason, automation solutions have also been sought to help the lean lab reach a higher production stage. In the second stage of the master thesis there will be an inquiry of the actual production line, locating the source of waste in time and resources. During t

[ES] La intención de la tesis de máster es la mejora de un laboratorio de fabricación ajustada situado en Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH), concedido por Atlas Copco. El laboratorio Lean se utilizó en la "Ingeniería de Producción - Planificación y Control" los años anteriores en las instalaciones de Atlas Copco y este año fue adquirido por el KTH. Ahora que KTH posee la línea de producción, se requieren algunas mejoras para poder aumentar los conceptos enseñados en el laboratorio del curso. La tesis de máster se inicia con una sólida búsqueda de información acerca de las fábricas de aprendizaje, la filosofía Lean y la producción automatizada. Está información recopilada en la sección literature review, ha permitido adquirir los conocimientos necesarios para comprender en primer lugar el funcionamiento y diseño de los laboratorios lean, además de interiorizar el importante papel que estos módulos de aprendizaje juegan en el desarrollo y evolución de las empresas. Las cuales necesitan de herramientas como estas para suavizar la transición hacia nuevos sistemas de producción más competitivos y eficientes. Del mismo modo, como se ha comentado, la tesis tiene la finalidad de acercar a los estudiantes la filosofía lean. Para ello se han estudiado y analizado algunas de las herramientas más importantes que conforman esta filosofía, buscando la mejor manera de presentarla e introducirla en el laboratorio. Y por último la búsqueda de información se ha centrado en la producción automatizada, los avances en esta tecnología unidos a la filosofía lean, permiten alcanzar niveles de eficiencia superiores. Como se ha podido comprobar en diversos artículos la automatización es el complemento ideal y necesario a la filosofía lean, como paso previo a la industria 4.0. Por lo que también se ha buscado soluciones de automatización que ayudaran al laboratorio lean a alcanzar un estadio de producción superior. En la segunda etapa de la tesis de maestría habrá una investigación de la líne, [EN] The intention of the Master thesis is the improvement of a lean manufacturing laboratory placed in Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH) granted by Atlas Copco. The lean laboratory was being used in the Production Engineering Planning and Control the previous years in Atlas Copco installations and this year was acquired by the KTH. Now that KTH owns the production line, some improvements are required in order to be able to increase the concepts taught in the course laboratory. The master's thesis is initiated with a solid search for information about learning factories, lean philosophy and automated manufacturing. This information, gathered in the literature review section, has allowed the acquisition of the necessary knowledge to first understand the functioning and design of lean laboratories, as well as to internalize the important role that these learning modules play in the development and evolution of companies. Corporations need tools such as these to smooth the transition to new, more competitive and efficient production systems. In the same way, as it has been commented, the thesis has the purpose of bringing the lean philosophy closer to the students. To this end, some of the most important tools that make up this philosophy have been studied and analysed, seeking the best way to present it and introduce it in the laboratory. And finally, the search for information has focused on the automated manufacturing, the advances in this technology together with the lean philosophy allow to reach higher levels of efficiency on the production lines. As has been proven in several articles, automation is the ideal and necessary complement to the lean philosophy, as a preliminary step to industry 4.0. For this reason, automation solutions have also been sought to help the lean lab reach a higher production stage. In the second stage of the master thesis there will be an inquiry of the actual production line, locating the source of waste in time and resources. During t

[ES] La intención de la tesis de máster es la mejora de un laboratorio de fabricación ajustada situado en Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH), concedido por Atlas Copco. El laboratorio Lean se utilizó en la "Ingeniería de Producción - Planificación y Control" los años anteriores en las instalaciones de Atlas Copco y este año fue adquirido por el KTH. Ahora que KTH posee la línea de producción, se requieren algunas mejoras para poder aumentar los conceptos enseñados en el laboratorio del curso. La tesis de máster se inicia con una sólida búsqueda de información acerca de las fábricas de aprendizaje, la filosofía Lean y la producción automatizada. Está información recopilada en la sección literature review, ha permitido adquirir los conocimientos necesarios para comprender en primer lugar el funcionamiento y diseño de los laboratorios lean, además de interiorizar el importante papel que estos módulos de aprendizaje juegan en el desarrollo y evolución de las empresas. Las cuales necesitan de herramientas como estas para suavizar la transición hacia nuevos sistemas de producción más competitivos y eficientes. Del mismo modo, como se ha comentado, la tesis tiene la finalidad de acercar a los estudiantes la filosofía lean. Para ello se han estudiado y analizado algunas de las herramientas más importantes que conforman esta filosofía, buscando la mejor manera de presentarla e introducirla en el laboratorio. Y por último la búsqueda de información se ha centrado en la producción automatizada, los avances en esta tecnología unidos a la filosofía lean, permiten alcanzar niveles de eficiencia superiores. Como se ha podido comprobar en diversos artículos la automatización es el complemento ideal y necesario a la filosofía lean, como paso previo a la industria 4.0. Por lo que también se ha buscado soluciones de automatización que ayudaran al laboratorio lean a alcanzar un estadio de producción superior. En la segunda etapa de la tesis de maestría habrá una investigación de la líne, [EN] The intention of the Master thesis is the improvement of a lean manufacturing laboratory placed in Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH) granted by Atlas Copco. The lean laboratory was being used in the Production Engineering Planning and Control the previous years in Atlas Copco installations and this year was acquired by the KTH. Now that KTH owns the production line, some improvements are required in order to be able to increase the concepts taught in the course laboratory. The master's thesis is initiated with a solid search for information about learning factories, lean philosophy and automated manufacturing. This information, gathered in the literature review section, has allowed the acquisition of the necessary knowledge to first understand the functioning and design of lean laboratories, as well as to internalize the important role that these learning modules play in the development and evolution of companies. Corporations need tools such as these to smooth the transition to new, more competitive and efficient production systems. In the same way, as it has been commented, the thesis has the purpose of bringing the lean philosophy closer to the students. To this end, some of the most important tools that make up this philosophy have been studied and analysed, seeking the best way to present it and introduce it in the laboratory. And finally, the search for information has focused on the automated manufacturing, the advances in this technology together with the lean philosophy allow to reach higher levels of efficiency on the production lines. As has been proven in several articles, automation is the ideal and necessary complement to the lean philosophy, as a preliminary step to industry 4.0. For this reason, automation solutions have also been sought to help the lean lab reach a higher production stage. In the second stage of the master thesis there will be an inquiry of the actual production line, locating the source of waste in time and resources. During t

[ES] La intención de la tesis de máster es la mejora de un laboratorio de fabricación ajustada situado en Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH), concedido por Atlas Copco. El laboratorio Lean se utilizó en la "Ingeniería de Producción - Planificación y Control" los años anteriores en las instalaciones de Atlas Copco y este año fue adquirido por el KTH. Ahora que KTH posee la línea de producción, se requieren algunas mejoras para poder aumentar los conceptos enseñados en el laboratorio del curso. La tesis de máster se inicia con una sólida búsqueda de información acerca de las fábricas de aprendizaje, la filosofía lean y la producción automatizada. Está información recopilada en la sección literature review, ha permitido adquirir los conocimientos necesarios para comprender en primer lugar el funcionamiento y diseño de los laboratorios lean, además de interiorizar el importante papel que estos módulos de aprendizaje juegan en el desarrollo y evolución de las empresas. Las cuales necesitan de herramientas como estas para suavizar la transición hacia nuevos sistemas de producción más competitivos y eficientes. Del mismo modo, como se ha comentado, la tesis tiene la finalidad de acercar a los estudiantes la filosofía lean. Para ello se han estudiado y analizado algunas de las herramientas más importantes que conforman esta filosofía, buscando la mejor manera de presentarla e introducirla en el laboratorio. Y por último la búsqueda de información se ha centrado en la producción automatizada, los avances en esta tecnología unidos a la filosofía lean, permiten alcanzar niveles de eficiencia superiores. Como se ha podido comprobar en diversos artículos la automatización es el complemento ideal y necesario a la filosofía lean, como paso previo a la industria 4.0. Por lo que también se ha buscado soluciones de automatización que ayudaran al laboratorio lean a alcanzar un estadio de producción superior. En la segunda etapa de la tesis de maestría habrá una investigación de la líne, [EN] The intention of the Master thesis is the improvement of a lean manufacturing laboratory placed in Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH) granted by Atlas Copco. The lean laboratory was being used in the Production Engineering Planning and Control the previous years in Atlas Copco installations and this year was acquired by the KTH. Now that KTH owns the production line, some improvements are required in order to be able to increase the concepts taught in the course laboratory. The master's thesis is initiated with a solid search for information about learning factories, lean philosophy and automated manufacturing. This information, gathered in the literature review section, has allowed the acquisition of the necessary knowledge to first understand the functioning and design of lean laboratories, as well as to internalize the important role that these learning modules play in the development and evolution of companies. Corporations need tools such as these to smooth the transition to new, more competitive and efficient production systems. In the same way, as it has been commented, the thesis has the purpose of bringing the lean philosophy closer to the students. To this end, some of the most important tools that make up this philosophy have been studied and analysed, seeking the best way to present it and introduce it in the laboratory. And finally, the search for information has focused on the automated manufacturing, the advances in this technology together with the lean philosophy allow to reach higher levels of efficiency on the production lines. As has been proven in several articles, automation is the ideal and necessary complement to the lean philosophy, as a preliminary step to industry 4.0. For this reason, automation solutions have also been sought to help the lean lab reach a higher production stage. In the second stage of the master thesis there will be an inquiry of the actual production line, locating the source of waste in time and resources. During t

Due to the potential to extract useful knowledge by means of data mining and statistical analysis, there has been a significant increase in education that teach data science courses, issues degree certificates, and offers master’s programs. Such programs focus on three skill sets: 1) information technology skills necessary for accessing and working with data (e.g. relational databases, OLAP); 2) analytical skills drawing from various disciplines that enable data analysis (e.g. statistical analysis, machine learning, econometrics); 3) business and communication skills that facilitate appropriate problem formulation and value extraction from data science solutions. Successful educational programs need to synthesize and balance these three aspects.However, recent reports show that academic programs consistently underperform in preparing data science professionals. We studied the challenges and opportunities of teaching data science skills to students of diverse backgrounds (often the case in Master’s level programs). Our preliminary findings suggest that to balance the three skill sets educators need to recognize their distinct learning cycles. A learning cycle consists of exploration, concept introduction, and application and the emphasis on each stage varies greatly across skill sets. Technical data science skills rely on a multitude of separate systems and technologies involving numerous concepts that require continuous exploration, short cycles of learning (and assessment). Analytical skills require deeper engagement, hence longer learning cycles with an emphasis on concept introduction and formal instruction. Business and communication skills rely on engagement with high-level social systems (e.g. an organization, a market) and require longer involvement with the learning context, almost exclusively achieved by simulation projects or projects with industry partners. Our study indicates that data science education must consider the distinct learning cycles students

Aquest treball pretén proposar la implementació del model didàctic 4MAT, de Bernice McCarthy, per al disseny d'Unitats Didàctiques de tecnologia a l'ESO a Catalunya. Es tracta d'un model basat en el desenvolupament de competències, focus actual de l'ensenyament a Catalunya, amb pilars en la teoria de l'aprenentatge experiencial de John Dewey, el cicle d'aprenentatge de David Kolb i teories de la personalitat de Joseph Bogen i Carl Jung. 4MAT planteja l'aprenentatge com a cicle en quatre fases, a través de les quals es crea significat personal de l'aprenentatge, s'adquireixen coneixements, es practiquen habilitats, s'apliquen les capacitats desenvolupades i, finalment, es genera auto-consciència del propi aprenentatge. En aquest treball es descriu i presenta la possible aplicació del model 4MAT per al disseny d'Unitats Didàctiques de tecnologia a l'ESO a Catalunya, explicant l'adaptació del model i oferint eines (llistats d'activitats, criteris de valoració de dissenys d'Unitats) per a la seva implementació. Aquesta proposta busca facilitar la utilització del model a Catalunya per al seu estudi como a model didàctic.

The recent move toward globalization of universities in Japan has forced those universities to think of new ways of internationalizing their campuses. One common way of doing this is to promote study abroad programs for their students. As a result, new courses have been developed to help these students prepare for their academic time abroad, writing reports and giving presentations in English, often in a format that is very different from what they would normally do in their home country. This paper will share data on the results of one such class, which utilized a type of learning cycle to assist students in improving their English presentation skills.

[EN] Providing effective and quality feedback to students in higher education has been identified as an integral part of quality teaching by many researchers in the field of education. However, student perceptions vary drastically as to what they perceive academic feedback to really be. Therefore, this paper aims to present freshman engineering student perceptions of academic feedback from an African perspective. The reason for targeting this group is due to their high dropout rate in higher education in South Africa (around 60%). Quantitative data was collected from freshman engineering students enrolled for a module termed Digital Systems 1 at the Central University of Technology in South Africa. A questionnaire was used as the main data collection instrument featuring 21 close ended questions. The results presented in this paper indicate that almost two-thirds (65%) of the respondents believe that a “grade” written on a test script does not constitute academic feedback. The majority of the respondents (76%) expect some kind of academic feedback regarding their work, either in writing or orally from their lecturer. A good majority (86%) of students perceived that getting written comments on their assessments would encourage them to approach the lecturer to seek further clarification. A key recommendation of this study is to find a mechanism or technique of providing constructive feedback to all enrolled students, even in large classes. This needs to be done from the outset of the module in order to reduce the current high dropout rates among freshman engineering students.

[EN] Providing effective and quality feedback to students in higher education has been identified as an integral part of quality teaching by many researchers in the field of education. However, student perceptions vary drastically as to what they perceive academic feedback to really be. Therefore, this paper aims to present freshman engineering student perceptions of academic feedback from an African perspective. The reason for targeting this group is due to their high dropout rate in higher education in South Africa (around 60%). Quantitative data was collected from freshman engineering students enrolled for a module termed Digital Systems 1 at the Central University of Technology in South Africa. A questionnaire was used as the main data collection instrument featuring 21 close ended questions. The results presented in this paper indicate that almost two-thirds (65%) of the respondents believe that a “grade” written on a test script does not constitute academic feedback. The majority of the respondents (76%) expect some kind of academic feedback regarding their work, either in writing or orally from their lecturer. A good majority (86%) of students perceived that getting written comments on their assessments would encourage them to approach the lecturer to seek further clarification. A key recommendation of this study is to find a mechanism or technique of providing constructive feedback to all enrolled students, even in large classes. This needs to be done from the outset of the module in order to reduce the current high dropout rates among freshman engineering students.

[EN] Providing effective and quality feedback to students in higher education has been identified as an integral part of quality teaching by many researchers in the field of education. However, student perceptions vary drastically as to what they perceive academic feedback to really be. Therefore, this paper aims to present freshman engineering student perceptions of academic feedback from an African perspective. The reason for targeting this group is due to their high dropout rate in higher education in South Africa (around 60%). Quantitative data was collected from freshman engineering students enrolled for a module termed Digital Systems 1 at the Central University of Technology in South Africa. A questionnaire was used as the main data collection instrument featuring 21 close ended questions. The results presented in this paper indicate that almost two-thirds (65%) of the respondents believe that a “grade” written on a test script does not constitute academic feedback. The majority of the respondents (76%) expect some kind of academic feedback regarding their work, either in writing or orally from their lecturer. A good majority (86%) of students perceived that getting written comments on their assessments would encourage them to approach the lecturer to seek further clarification. A key recommendation of this study is to find a mechanism or technique of providing constructive feedback to all enrolled students, even in large classes. This needs to be done from the outset of the module in order to reduce the current high dropout rates among freshman engineering students.

[EN] Providing effective and quality feedback to students in higher education has been identified as an integral part of quality teaching by many researchers in the field of education. However, student perceptions vary drastically as to what they perceive academic feedback to really be. Therefore, this paper aims to present freshman engineering student perceptions of academic feedback from an African perspective. The reason for targeting this group is due to their high dropout rate in higher education in South Africa (around 60%). Quantitative data was collected from freshman engineering students enrolled for a module termed Digital Systems 1 at the Central University of Technology in South Africa. A questionnaire was used as the main data collection instrument featuring 21 close ended questions. The results presented in this paper indicate that almost two-thirds (65%) of the respondents believe that a “grade” written on a test script does not constitute academic feedback. The majority of the respondents (76%) expect some kind of academic feedback regarding their work, either in writing or orally from their lecturer. A good majority (86%) of students perceived that getting written comments on their assessments would encourage them to approach the lecturer to seek further clarification. A key recommendation of this study is to find a mechanism or technique of providing constructive feedback to all enrolled students, even in large classes. This needs to be done from the outset of the module in order to reduce the current high dropout rates among freshman engineering students.

[EN] Providing effective and quality feedback to students in higher education has been identified as an integral part of quality teaching by many researchers in the field of education. However, student perceptions vary drastically as to what they perceive academic feedback to really be. Therefore, this paper aims to present freshman engineering student perceptions of academic feedback from an African perspective. The reason for targeting this group is due to their high dropout rate in higher education in South Africa (around 60%). Quantitative data was collected from freshman engineering students enrolled for a module termed Digital Systems 1 at the Central University of Technology in South Africa. A questionnaire was used as the main data collection instrument featuring 21 close ended questions. The results presented in this paper indicate that almost two-thirds (65%) of the respondents believe that a “grade” written on a test script does not constitute academic feedback. The majority of the respondents (76%) expect some kind of academic feedback regarding their work, either in writing or orally from their lecturer. A good majority (86%) of students perceived that getting written comments on their assessments would encourage them to approach the lecturer to seek further clarification. A key recommendation of this study is to find a mechanism or technique of providing constructive feedback to all enrolled students, even in large classes. This needs to be done from the outset of the module in order to reduce the current high dropout rates among freshman engineering students.

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi kemampuan pemahaman dan koneksi matematis siswa tingkat SMP yang rendah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Learning Cycle terhadap kemampuan pemahaman dan koneksi matematiks siswa. Populasi diambil dari siswa SMP Negeri 2 Cikupa Kabupaten Tangerang berjumlah 408 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Purposive Sampling, terpilih kelas VII C sebagai kelas kontrol berjumlah 44 siswa dan VII D sebagai kelas eksperimen berjumlah 47 siswa. Kelas kontrol diberikan model pembelajaran konvensional dan kelas eksperimen diberikan model pembelajaran Learning Cycle. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Quasi Eksperimen dengan Nonequivalent control grup design. Instrument tes berbentuk uraian sebanyak 4 soal pemahaman matematika dan 5 soal koneksi matematika. Uji persyaratan analisis menggunakah Chi Kuadrat dan uji Fisher. Hasil data pretes menunjukkan kelas kontrol dan eksperimen memiliki data yang berdistribusi normal, homogen dan tidak terdapat perbedaan baik kemampuan pemahaman maupun kemampuan koneksi matematika. Hasil data postes kemampuan pemahaman matematika berdistribusi normal, homogen, dan terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pemahaman dan koneksi matematika antara kelas kontrol dan eksperimen. Hasil data postes kemampuan koneksi matematika berdistribusi tidak normal dan terdapat perbedaan kemampuan koneksi matematika antara kelas kontrol dan eksperimen. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran Learning Cycle berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan pemahaman dan koneksi matematis siswa

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) ada atau tidak ada perbedaan signifikan keterampilan proses sains siswa sebelum dan setelah penerapan model pembelajaran learning cycle pada pokok bahasan getaran harmonis, (2) ada atau tidak ada perbedaan signifikan hasil belajar siswa sebelum dan setelah penerapan model pembelajaran learning cycle pada pokok bahasan getaran harmonis, (3) ada atau tidak ada hubungan signifikan keterampilan proses sains terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa setelah penerapan model pembelajaran learning cycle pada pokok bahasan getaran harmonis, (4) bagaimana pengelolaan pembelajaran fisika menggunakan model pembelajaran learning cycle pada pokok bahasan getaran harmonis.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dan jenis penilitiannya menggunakan pre-eksperimental design. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes keterampilan proses sains, tes hasil belajar kognitif siswa dan lembar pengamatan pengelolaan pembelajaran. Hasil analisis reliabelitas butir soal uji coba instrumen tes keterampilan proses sains diperoleh sebesar 0,784 dengan kategori tinggi dan tes hasil belajar kognitif diperoleh sebesar 0,515 dengan kategori cukup. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas XI semester I MA Muslimat NU Palangka Raya Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017, dengan sampel penelitian adalah kelas XI IPA berjumlah 30 orang. Analisis data menggunakan program SPSS for Windows Versi 17.0.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) ada perbedaan signifikan keterampilan proses sains siswa sebelum dan setelah penerapan model pembelajaran learning cycle pada taraf signifikansi 0,05 dengan nilai sig* 0,000 < 0,05 (2)ada perbedaan signifikan hasil belajar kognitif siswa sebelum dan setelah penerapan model pembelajaran learning cycle, berdasarkan nilai sig* 0,000 < 0,05 (3)ada hubungan signifikan antara keterampilan proses sains siswa terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa. Hal ini terlihat dari nilai sig* 0,01 < 0,733 untuk pretest dan untuk posttest diperoleh sig* 0,01

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) ada atau tidak ada perbedaan signifikan keterampilan proses sains siswa sebelum dan setelah penerapan model pembelajaran learning cycle pada pokok bahasan getaran harmonis, (2) ada atau tidak ada perbedaan signifikan hasil belajar siswa sebelum dan setelah penerapan model pembelajaran learning cycle pada pokok bahasan getaran harmonis, (3) ada atau tidak ada hubungan signifikan keterampilan proses sains terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa setelah penerapan model pembelajaran learning cycle pada pokok bahasan getaran harmonis, (4) bagaimana pengelolaan pembelajaran fisika menggunakan model pembelajaran learning cycle pada pokok bahasan getaran harmonis.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dan jenis penilitiannya menggunakan pre-eksperimental design. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes keterampilan proses sains, tes hasil belajar kognitif siswa dan lembar pengamatan pengelolaan pembelajaran. Hasil analisis reliabelitas butir soal uji coba instrumen tes keterampilan proses sains diperoleh sebesar 0,784 dengan kategori tinggi dan tes hasil belajar kognitif diperoleh sebesar 0,515 dengan kategori cukup. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas XI semester I MA Muslimat NU Palangka Raya Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017, dengan sampel penelitian adalah kelas XI IPA berjumlah 30 orang. Analisis data menggunakan program SPSS for Windows Versi 17.0.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) ada perbedaan signifikan keterampilan proses sains siswa sebelum dan setelah penerapan model pembelajaran learning cycle pada taraf signifikansi 0,05 dengan nilai sig* 0,000 < 0,05 (2)ada perbedaan signifikan hasil belajar kognitif siswa sebelum dan setelah penerapan model pembelajaran learning cycle, berdasarkan nilai sig* 0,000 < 0,05 (3)ada hubungan signifikan antara keterampilan proses sains siswa terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa. Hal ini terlihat dari nilai sig* 0,01 < 0,733 untuk pretest dan untuk posttest diperoleh sig* 0,01

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi kemampuan pemahaman dan koneksi matematis siswa tingkat SMP yang rendah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Learning Cycle terhadap kemampuan pemahaman dan koneksi matematiks siswa. Populasi diambil dari siswa SMP Negeri 2 Cikupa Kabupaten Tangerang berjumlah 408 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Purposive Sampling, terpilih kelas VII C sebagai kelas kontrol berjumlah 44 siswa dan VII D sebagai kelas eksperimen berjumlah 47 siswa. Kelas kontrol diberikan model pembelajaran konvensional dan kelas eksperimen diberikan model pembelajaran Learning Cycle. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Quasi Eksperimen dengan Nonequivalent control grup design. Instrument tes berbentuk uraian sebanyak 4 soal pemahaman matematika dan 5 soal koneksi matematika. Uji persyaratan analisis menggunakah Chi Kuadrat dan uji Fisher. Hasil data pretes menunjukkan kelas kontrol dan eksperimen memiliki data yang berdistribusi normal, homogen dan tidak terdapat perbedaan baik kemampuan pemahaman maupun kemampuan koneksi matematika. Hasil data postes kemampuan pemahaman matematika berdistribusi normal, homogen, dan terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pemahaman dan koneksi matematika antara kelas kontrol dan eksperimen. Hasil data postes kemampuan koneksi matematika berdistribusi tidak normal dan terdapat perbedaan kemampuan koneksi matematika antara kelas kontrol dan eksperimen. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran Learning Cycle berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan pemahaman dan koneksi matematis siswa

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi kemampuan pemahaman dan koneksi matematis siswa tingkat SMP yang rendah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Learning Cycle terhadap kemampuan pemahaman dan koneksi matematiks siswa. Populasi diambil dari siswa SMP Negeri 2 Cikupa Kabupaten Tangerang berjumlah 408 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Purposive Sampling, terpilih kelas VII C sebagai kelas kontrol berjumlah 44 siswa dan VII D sebagai kelas eksperimen berjumlah 47 siswa. Kelas kontrol diberikan model pembelajaran konvensional dan kelas eksperimen diberikan model pembelajaran Learning Cycle. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Quasi Eksperimen dengan Nonequivalent control grup design. Instrument tes berbentuk uraian sebanyak 4 soal pemahaman matematika dan 5 soal koneksi matematika. Uji persyaratan analisis menggunakah Chi Kuadrat dan uji Fisher. Hasil data pretes menunjukkan kelas kontrol dan eksperimen memiliki data yang berdistribusi normal, homogen dan tidak terdapat perbedaan baik kemampuan pemahaman maupun kemampuan koneksi matematika. Hasil data postes kemampuan pemahaman matematika berdistribusi normal, homogen, dan terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pemahaman dan koneksi matematika antara kelas kontrol dan eksperimen. Hasil data postes kemampuan koneksi matematika berdistribusi tidak normal dan terdapat perbedaan kemampuan koneksi matematika antara kelas kontrol dan eksperimen. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran Learning Cycle berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan pemahaman dan koneksi matematis siswa

What can we learn from historic data that is collected in three software companies that on a daily basis had to cope with highly complex project portfolios? In this paper we analyze a large dataset, containing 352 finalized software engineering projects, with the goal to discover what factors affect software project performance, and what actions can be taken to increase project performance when building a software project portfolio. The software projects were classified in four quadrants of a Cost/Duration matrix: analysis was performed on factors that were strongly related to two of those quadrants, Good Practices and Bad Practices. A ranking was performed on the factors based on statistical significance. The paper results in an inventory of 'what factors should be embraced when building a project portfolio?' (Success Factors), and 'what factors should be avoided when doing so?' (Failure Factors). The major contribution of this paper is that it analyzes characteristics of best performers and worst performers in the dataset of software projects, resulting in 7 Success Factors (a.o. steady heartbeat, a fixed, experienced team, agile (Scrum), and release-based), and 9 Failure Factors (a.o. once-only project, dependencies with other systems, technology driven, and rules- and regulations driven)., Software Engineering, Software Technology

The protection of biodiversity is a complex societal, political and ultimately practical imperative of current global society. The imperative builds upon scientific knowledge on human dependence on the life-support systems of the Earth. This paper aims at introducing main types of uncertainty inherent in biodiversity science, policy and management, as an introduction to a companion paper summarizing practical experiences of scientists and scholars (Haila et al. 2014). Uncertainty is a cluster concept: the actual nature of uncertainty is inherently context-bound. We use semantic space as a conceptual device to identify key dimensions of uncertainty in the context of biodiversity protection; these relate to [i] data; [ii] proxies; [iii] concepts; [iv] policy and management; and [v] normative goals. Semantic space offers an analytic perspective for drawing critical distinctions between types of uncertainty, identifying fruitful resonances that help to cope with the uncertainties, and building up collaboration between different specialists to support mutual social learning.

What can we learn from historic data that is collected in three software companies that on a daily basis had to cope with highly complex project portfolios? In this paper we analyze a large dataset, containing 352 finalized software engineering projects, with the goal to discover what factors affect software project performance, and what actions can be taken to increase project performance when building a software project portfolio. The software projects were classified in four quadrants of a Cost/Duration matrix: analysis was performed on factors that were strongly related to two of those quadrants, Good Practices and Bad Practices. A ranking was performed on the factors based on statistical significance. The paper results in an inventory of 'what factors should be embraced when building a project portfolio?' (Success Factors), and 'what factors should be avoided when doing so?' (Failure Factors). The major contribution of this paper is that it analyzes characteristics of best performers and worst performers in the dataset of software projects, resulting in 7 Success Factors (a.o. steady heartbeat, a fixed, experienced team, agile (Scrum), and release-based), and 9 Failure Factors (a.o. once-only project, dependencies with other systems, technology driven, and rules- and regulations driven)., Software Engineering, Software Technology

Organisationens mål är att de gäster som kommer till hotell/konferensanläggningen skall bli behandlade som kungar. Affärsidén i organisationens lyder: "Ursäkta ers majestät! Hos oss är alla gäster kungar". För att få gästerna att känna sig som kungar krävs samarbete, intresse av arbetsplatsen, kvalitetstänk, kommunikation och förståelse mellan personalen. Studien är en fallstudie i förbättringsarbete och skall ge organisationen verktyg att använda i förbättringsarbetet. Syftet med studien är att identifiera förbättringsområden inom en organisations verksamhet som ska prioriteras. Ett förbättringsområde ska vidareutvecklas som ett projekt. Det förbättringsområde som valts ut är att studera hur kommunikationen fungerar på arbetsplatsen samt att hitta verktyg för att kunna förbättra och förnya arbetssättet på arbetsplatsen. Målet med studien är att undersöka hur organisationen kan: 1) Förbättra kommunikationen 2) Öka samarbetet 3) Fokusera mer på det positiva De metoder som använts har varit observationer, dokumentationer som dels primär källa samt tidigare fem intervjuer som sekundär källa. Teorin är grundad på förbättringsarbete, kommunikation, ledarskap, lärande organisationer och organisations lärande cykeln. Det framgår fortsatt att just samarbetet och kommunikationen är det som organisationen talar om. De centrala delarna i resultatet visade : Kommunikationen behöver förbättras då personalen har svårt att nå fram till varandra samt att de talar om varandra och inte med varandra. Samarbetet är en mycket viktig del för organisationen och personalen upplever att det finns en del att göra för att få samarbetet att fungera bättre både medarbetare emellan och mellan medarbetare och ledning. Fokusera på det positiva då det finns negativa tendenser som organisationen präglas av då det framgår att stress förekommer mer och att personalen ser att arbetet fungerar sämre. De slutsatser som studien visar är att organisationen behöver se över sitt ledarskap och göra det tydlig, The organization’s goal is that the guests who come to the hotel/conference establishment should be treated like kings. The business idea of the organization is: "Excuse me your majesty! With us, all guests are kings. In order to make the guests feel like kings requires cooperation, interest of the workplace, quality awareness, communication and understanding among the staff. This study is a case study of improvement work and should give the organization the tools to use in the improvement process. The study aims to identify areas for improvement within an organization’s activities that should be prioritized. One area for improvement will be further developed as a project. The improvement area selected is to study how communication works in the workplace and to find tools to improve and innovate approaches in the workplace. The goal of this study is to examine how the organization can: 1) Improve the communication 2) Increase cooperation 3) Focus more on the positive The methods used have been the observations, documentation, and the primary source and previous five interviews as a secondary source. The theory is based on improvement, communication, leadership, learning organizations and organizational learning cycle. It appears that just continued cooperation and communication is what the organization talking about. The central parts of the results indicate: 1. The communication needs to be improved since the staff finds it difficult to reach each other and that they talk about each other instead of with each other. 2. Cooperation is a very important part of the organization and staff feels that there is a lot to do to make cooperation work better for both employees themselves and between employees and management. 3. Focus on the positive, since there are negative trends that the organization is characterized by stress being more frequent and that the personnel perceive that work functions less well. Where it appears that stress occurs more and that the staff sees

Organisationens mål är att de gäster som kommer till hotell/konferensanläggningen skall bli behandlade som kungar. Affärsidén i organisationens lyder: "Ursäkta ers majestät! Hos oss är alla gäster kungar". För att få gästerna att känna sig som kungar krävs samarbete, intresse av arbetsplatsen, kvalitetstänk, kommunikation och förståelse mellan personalen. Studien är en fallstudie i förbättringsarbete och skall ge organisationen verktyg att använda i förbättringsarbetet. Syftet med studien är att identifiera förbättringsområden inom en organisations verksamhet som ska prioriteras. Ett förbättringsområde ska vidareutvecklas som ett projekt. Det förbättringsområde som valts ut är att studera hur kommunikationen fungerar på arbetsplatsen samt att hitta verktyg för att kunna förbättra och förnya arbetssättet på arbetsplatsen. Målet med studien är att undersöka hur organisationen kan: 1) Förbättra kommunikationen 2) Öka samarbetet 3) Fokusera mer på det positiva De metoder som använts har varit observationer, dokumentationer som dels primär källa samt tidigare fem intervjuer som sekundär källa. Teorin är grundad på förbättringsarbete, kommunikation, ledarskap, lärande organisationer och organisations lärande cykeln. Det framgår fortsatt att just samarbetet och kommunikationen är det som organisationen talar om. De centrala delarna i resultatet visade : Kommunikationen behöver förbättras då personalen har svårt att nå fram till varandra samt att de talar om varandra och inte med varandra. Samarbetet är en mycket viktig del för organisationen och personalen upplever att det finns en del att göra för att få samarbetet att fungera bättre både medarbetare emellan och mellan medarbetare och ledning. Fokusera på det positiva då det finns negativa tendenser som organisationen präglas av då det framgår att stress förekommer mer och att personalen ser att arbetet fungerar sämre. De slutsatser som studien visar är att organisationen behöver se över sitt ledarskap och göra det tydlig, The organization’s goal is that the guests who come to the hotel/conference establishment should be treated like kings. The business idea of the organization is: "Excuse me your majesty! With us, all guests are kings. In order to make the guests feel like kings requires cooperation, interest of the workplace, quality awareness, communication and understanding among the staff. This study is a case study of improvement work and should give the organization the tools to use in the improvement process. The study aims to identify areas for improvement within an organization’s activities that should be prioritized. One area for improvement will be further developed as a project. The improvement area selected is to study how communication works in the workplace and to find tools to improve and innovate approaches in the workplace. The goal of this study is to examine how the organization can: 1) Improve the communication 2) Increase cooperation 3) Focus more on the positive The methods used have been the observations, documentation, and the primary source and previous five interviews as a secondary source. The theory is based on improvement, communication, leadership, learning organizations and organizational learning cycle. It appears that just continued cooperation and communication is what the organization talking about. The central parts of the results indicate: 1. The communication needs to be improved since the staff finds it difficult to reach each other and that they talk about each other instead of with each other. 2. Cooperation is a very important part of the organization and staff feels that there is a lot to do to make cooperation work better for both employees themselves and between employees and management. 3. Focus on the positive, since there are negative trends that the organization is characterized by stress being more frequent and that the personnel perceive that work functions less well. Where it appears that stress occurs more and that the staff sees

Organisationens mål är att de gäster som kommer till hotell/konferensanläggningen skall bli behandlade som kungar. Affärsidén i organisationens lyder: "Ursäkta ers majestät! Hos oss är alla gäster kungar". För att få gästerna att känna sig som kungar krävs samarbete, intresse av arbetsplatsen, kvalitetstänk, kommunikation och förståelse mellan personalen. Studien är en fallstudie i förbättringsarbete och skall ge organisationen verktyg att använda i förbättringsarbetet. Syftet med studien är att identifiera förbättringsområden inom en organisations verksamhet som ska prioriteras. Ett förbättringsområde ska vidareutvecklas som ett projekt. Det förbättringsområde som valts ut är att studera hur kommunikationen fungerar på arbetsplatsen samt att hitta verktyg för att kunna förbättra och förnya arbetssättet på arbetsplatsen. Målet med studien är att undersöka hur organisationen kan: 1) Förbättra kommunikationen 2) Öka samarbetet 3) Fokusera mer på det positiva De metoder som använts har varit observationer, dokumentationer som dels primär källa samt tidigare fem intervjuer som sekundär källa. Teorin är grundad på förbättringsarbete, kommunikation, ledarskap, lärande organisationer och organisations lärande cykeln. Det framgår fortsatt att just samarbetet och kommunikationen är det som organisationen talar om. De centrala delarna i resultatet visade : Kommunikationen behöver förbättras då personalen har svårt att nå fram till varandra samt att de talar om varandra och inte med varandra. Samarbetet är en mycket viktig del för organisationen och personalen upplever att det finns en del att göra för att få samarbetet att fungera bättre både medarbetare emellan och mellan medarbetare och ledning. Fokusera på det positiva då det finns negativa tendenser som organisationen präglas av då det framgår att stress förekommer mer och att personalen ser att arbetet fungerar sämre. De slutsatser som studien visar är att organisationen behöver se över sitt ledarskap och göra det tydlig, The organization’s goal is that the guests who come to the hotel/conference establishment should be treated like kings. The business idea of the organization is: "Excuse me your majesty! With us, all guests are kings. In order to make the guests feel like kings requires cooperation, interest of the workplace, quality awareness, communication and understanding among the staff. This study is a case study of improvement work and should give the organization the tools to use in the improvement process. The study aims to identify areas for improvement within an organization’s activities that should be prioritized. One area for improvement will be further developed as a project. The improvement area selected is to study how communication works in the workplace and to find tools to improve and innovate approaches in the workplace. The goal of this study is to examine how the organization can: 1) Improve the communication 2) Increase cooperation 3) Focus more on the positive The methods used have been the observations, documentation, and the primary source and previous five interviews as a secondary source. The theory is based on improvement, communication, leadership, learning organizations and organizational learning cycle. It appears that just continued cooperation and communication is what the organization talking about. The central parts of the results indicate: 1. The communication needs to be improved since the staff finds it difficult to reach each other and that they talk about each other instead of with each other. 2. Cooperation is a very important part of the organization and staff feels that there is a lot to do to make cooperation work better for both employees themselves and between employees and management. 3. Focus on the positive, since there are negative trends that the organization is characterized by stress being more frequent and that the personnel perceive that work functions less well. Where it appears that stress occurs more and that the staff sees

Learning from incidents (from minor disturbances to major accidents) is considered one of the most important ways in the process industry to learn from experiences for improving safety performance. Most companies have a formal incident learning system and considerable resources are used for reporting incidents and for utilising these experiences to prevent future incidents. However, there are many indications that only a portion of the entire potential for learning from reported incidents is actually utilised. In order to know whether this apprehension is correct and to be able to manage and improve the situation, if necessary, one would need to have a methodology for assessing the learning in such systems. Therefore, the author has undertaken to develop a methodology for this, which is presented in the thesis. The methodology could be used on a wide variety of incident learning systems and by people in the process industry, in authorities and by researchers, with the general aim to improve learning from incidents. Several aspects of learning need to be included in a methodology for a comprehensive assessment of how effectively the learning from incidents works. One has to be able to address the following types of issues: 1. Do we handle the incidents reported in our incident learning system properly? Do the various steps in the learning cycle work effectively? 2. How much do we learn from the incidents which are reported? How does this learning compare with what could potentially have been extracted? What level of learning are we at and what level could we have achieved? 3. Do we report the incidents that are worth reporting (that have a learning potential)? What is the threshold for reporting? How big is the number of unreported cases, the “hidden number”? In order to address issue 1, a method has been developed which assesses the effectiveness of learning in every step of the learning cycle (Reporting – Analysis – Decision – Implementation – Follow-up) for each i

Knowledge formation and transformation among IT professionals has not received adequateattention in the current studies even though it plays important role in development in bothInformation Technology and business sectors. Therefore, the exploration of knowledgeformation and transformation among IT professionals through empirical study to verify theproposed theoretical framework is useful practically and academically. This study gives theproposed framework a fresh way to understand the learning and sharing processes among ITprofessionals. In addition, this study also explores influential factors that have impact onknowledge formation and transformation among IT professionals.

This proposal is a Mediation Notebook which is an implementation of the constructivist theory in classroom for teaching the concept of Mechanical Energy, developed through the strategy of Karplus Learning Cycles, based on Piaget theory, and which have been integrated Ausubel´s meaningful learning and the Mediation Learning Experience of Vigotsky. This notebook was shown at a seminar for teachers of physics of the National System of Technological Institutes, in Mexico, where was accepted it very well. We report our results about the application of the methodology with engineering students., La presente propuesta es un Cuaderno de Mediación que constituye una aplicación del constructivismo en aula, para la enseñanza del Concepto de Energía Mecánica, elaborada a través de la estrategia Ciclos de Aprendizaje de Karplus, basada en la teoría de Piaget, y a la cual se han integrado el aprendizaje significativo de Ausubel y la Experiencia de Aprendizaje Mediado de Vigotsky. Este Cuaderno se dio a conocer en un seminario a profesores de Física del Sistema Nacional de Institutos Tecnológicos, en México, donde tuvo buena aceptación. Reportamos nuestros resultados de la aplicación de la metodología con alumnos de ingeniería.

This proposal is a Mediation Notebook which is an implementation of the constructivist theory in classroom for teaching the concept of Mechanical Energy, developed through the strategy of Karplus Learning Cycles, based on Piaget theory, and which have been integrated Ausubel´s meaningful learning and the Mediation Learning Experience of Vigotsky. This notebook was shown at a seminar for teachers of physics of the National System of Technological Institutes, in Mexico, where was accepted it very well. We report our results about the application of the methodology with engineering students., La presente propuesta es un Cuaderno de Mediación que constituye una aplicación del constructivismo en aula, para la enseñanza del Concepto de Energía Mecánica, elaborada a través de la estrategia Ciclos de Aprendizaje de Karplus, basada en la teoría de Piaget, y a la cual se han integrado el aprendizaje significativo de Ausubel y la Experiencia de Aprendizaje Mediado de Vigotsky. Este Cuaderno se dio a conocer en un seminario a profesores de Física del Sistema Nacional de Institutos Tecnológicos, en México, donde tuvo buena aceptación. Reportamos nuestros resultados de la aplicación de la metodología con alumnos de ingeniería.

Knowledge formation and transformation among IT professionals has not received adequateattention in the current studies even though it plays important role in development in bothInformation Technology and business sectors. Therefore, the exploration of knowledgeformation and transformation among IT professionals through empirical study to verify theproposed theoretical framework is useful practically and academically. This study gives theproposed framework a fresh way to understand the learning and sharing processes among ITprofessionals. In addition, this study also explores influential factors that have impact onknowledge formation and transformation among IT professionals.

This proposal is a Mediation Notebook which is an implementation of the constructivist theory in classroom for teaching the concept of Mechanical Energy, developed through the strategy of Karplus Learning Cycles, based on Piaget theory, and which have been integrated Ausubel´s meaningful learning and the Mediation Learning Experience of Vigotsky. This notebook was shown at a seminar for teachers of physics of the National System of Technological Institutes, in Mexico, where was accepted it very well. We report our results about the application of the methodology with engineering students., La presente propuesta es un Cuaderno de Mediación que constituye una aplicación del constructivismo en aula, para la enseñanza del Concepto de Energía Mecánica, elaborada a través de la estrategia Ciclos de Aprendizaje de Karplus, basada en la teoría de Piaget, y a la cual se han integrado el aprendizaje significativo de Ausubel y la Experiencia de Aprendizaje Mediado de Vigotsky. Este Cuaderno se dio a conocer en un seminario a profesores de Física del Sistema Nacional de Institutos Tecnológicos, en México, donde tuvo buena aceptación. Reportamos nuestros resultados de la aplicación de la metodología con alumnos de ingeniería.

Le concept de cycle d’apprentissage est imprécis. Les définitions laissent énormément de latitude aux intervenants dans la mise en oeuvre des cycles dans les écoles. Dans la mesure où ils doivent adapter les changements à leurs milieux, cette latitude est souhaitable. Cependant, les mises en oeuvre varient, et il est difficile d’en étudier les effets sur le travail enseignant et sur l’apprentissage des élèves. Nous précisons ici le concept de cycle d’apprentissage en examinant les écrits de recherche sur le sujet et nous en faisons ressortir trois composantes : les composantes d’ordre organisationnel, pédagogique et professionnel., The concept of learning cycles is not sufficiently precise. Current definitions allow educators much latitude in both interpretation and application of cycles in schools. Since educators must adapt changes to their milieu, this latitude is desirable. However, because these interpretations and applications vary to such a large extent, it is difficult to study the effects that these applications have on both teaching and learning. From an examination of current research literature in this area, the author provides a definition of the concept of learning cycles and proposes three essential components : organizational, pedagogical and professional., El concepto de ciclo de aprendizaje es impreciso. Las definiciones dejan a los educadores una gran latitud en la aplicación de los ciclos en las escuelas. En la medida en que deben adaptar los cambios a su entorno, esta latitud es deseable. Sin embargo, las aplicaciones varían y es difícil estudiar sus efectos sobre el trabajo docente y sobre el aprendizaje de los alumnos. A continuación especificamos el concepto de ciclo de aprendizaje, examinando los textos de investigación sobre el tema y destacamos tres componentes : los componentes que pertenecen al campo organizacional, pedagógico y profesional.

In this paper, we describe how to manage teacher activities in three simultaneous processes in project-oriented education. We present these processes in the context of a project-oriented course and give examples of how teachers can apply them, both horizontally within a process and vertically in time between the processes. The examples are applied to the students- individual learning process, the project team process, and the project process. Students learn according to an individual learning process which begins by building on each student-s concrete experience and ends by testing the new knowledge in new situations. Project teams can reach the performing stage only if they are able to work together to complete the project tasks; this is the project team process. The project process consists of understanding the project environment, project management knowledge, and the application area for the project. Project-oriented education has been applied to undergraduate courses at Linköping University. Experiences from these courses are discussed and analysed in the paper.

Robert Karplus (1927–90), who began his career as a brilliant theoretical physicist, switched to science education in the early 1960s. He made many substantial contributions to this field in addition to developing a complete K–6 hands-on science curriculum. Karplus provided his curriculum with a sound epistemological foundation, based on the work of Piaget. He developed an effective classroom teaching strategy, the learning cycle. He and his team used a scientific approach to curriculum development. They focused on teacher development. Karplus was committed to science for ALL students. Through science activities he sought to share the joy of discovery. A recent book collects some of his important papers and enables you to examine his work for yourself and see what you discover.