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This study is focused on how the application of pulsed substrate bias during cathodic arc deposition affects the microstructure, texture, grain size and phase composition of (Ti,Al)N coatings. A series of Tix-1AlxN, 0.25≤x≤0.55 coatings were deposited on WC-Co cemented carbide substrates with -30 V, -60 V and -300 V pulsing bias (duty cycle 10 % and a frequence of 1 kHz) under controlled chamber conditions at 4.5 Pa N2-gas and a substrate temperature about 400 °C. The pulsing parameters for the bias (voltage, duty cycle and frequency) were deliberately selected to influence structure, microstructure and composition of the deposited coatings. All Tix-1AlxN coatings had a consistent columnar cubic B1 structure regardless of their chemical composition. Coatings grown at -30 V and -60 V pulsed bias exhibited a pronounced <111> texture attributed to a kinetically driven mechanism influenced by the relative flux of ion species, affecting the surface migration of adatoms during growth. In contrast, the coatings grown with a pulsed bias of -300 V exhibited a reduced <111> texture and the onset of grains with <100> preferred orientation. The transition to the <100> orientation with increased ion energy agrees with the fact that the <111> directions expose the densest array of atoms to the ion beam during growth while the <100> are the most open channeling directions in a B1 structure. The correlation to the preferred with respect to pulsing conditions during growth, correlated to microstructure, grain size and phase composition be further discussed. Surface roughness was highest (Sa≈0.17-0.22 µm) for coating deposited at pulsed bias -30 V.

Wood and wood-based products have always been key components in the development of human civilization. Nowadays most wood harvesting is done using chainsaws, and their efficient operation helps promote worker safety and reduce emissions. An important factor for efficient operation is the sharpness of the chain – a sharper chain requires less energy for cutting and reduces the risk of dangerous kickback. To reduce the rate of wear and prolong the life of the chains, they are protected by a hard chrome coating. The production of this coating involves compounds in which Cr atoms are in the toxic and carcinogenic hexavalent state. The deposited coatings contain no toxic compounds, however. Consequently, there is a need to develop replacement processes which can produce equally well-performing coatings. In this thesis I investigate the process of cathodic arc deposition of coatings for this purpose. Cathodic arc deposition is a well-established technique for tool coatings, free of toxic compounds. Specifically, elemental Cr coatings, and Cr-rich Cr-N, Cr-C, and Cr-C-N coatings are studied. For the study on elemental Cr, focus is put on the impact of substrate bias on the growth and coating properties. This is important in cathodic arc deposition as the evaporated species are ionized to a high degree. I show that an increasing substrate bias increases the temperature of the substrate and compressive stress of the coatings while decreasing the growth rate because of resputtering. The texture also changes from a preferential [110]- to [100]-orientation, and the hardness is lower than for typical hard chrome coatings. For alloying with N or C, using N2 and C2H2, respectively, the N-/Ccontent is shown to decrease with increasing bias. This process is attributed to preferential resputtering, and ceases at a critical partial pressure, different for N and C, at which point there is no observed difference in N- or C- content at different bias. The incorporation strongly affects t, Funding agencies: Husqvarna AB and the Industrial PhD student program of the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF) under the contract ID17-0055

Physical vapor deposition (PVD) refers to the removal of atoms from a solid or a liquid by physical means, followed by deposition of those atoms on a nearby surface to form a thin film or coating. Various approaches and techniques are applied to release the atoms including thermal evaporation, electron beam evaporation, ion-driven sputtering, laser ablation, and cathodic arc-based emission. Some of the approaches are based on a plasma discharge, while in other cases the atoms composing the vapor are ionized either due to the release of the film-forming species or they are ionized intentionally afterward. Here, a brief overview of the various PVD techniques is given, while the emphasis is on sputtering, which is dominated by magnetron sputtering, the most widely used technique for deposition of both metallic and compound thin films. The advantages and drawbacks of the various techniques are discussed and compared., QC 20220930

Control systems over the set of technological processes of the installation for ion-plasma application of coatings on metal cutting tools are developed. The purpose of the development is the need to improve the quality and durability of manufactured tools by maintaining more accurate technological parameters of the installation. The result of our research is the developed new nonlinear models of control systems over all stages of operation. At the stage of ionic cleaning, a temperature rise in tool is maintained in line with the set linear program by enabling and disabling the arc discharge. Control system provides for a deviation from the program by ±4.5 K, which is 4 times less than the standard value. At the stage of applying a coating on the tool, the temperature is precisely stabilized in a vacuum chamber by a continuous change in voltage at the substrate, as well as pressure in it by a change in the flow rate of nitrogen into the chamber. Under the action of maximal disturbances, a deviation in pressure, 0.037 Pa, and in temperature, 0.45 K, is ensured. At the stage of cooling, a decrease in temperature is achieved in line with the program by changing the feed of nitrogen into the chamber. Under the action of maximal disturbances, a maximum cooling rate of 0.22 K/s is ensured, which is also better than the standard value. Thus, the application of the developed control systems allowed us to considerably improve tool resistance compared to the installations that are used at present. It is important that the developed control systems are easy to implement and make it possible to ensure high quality of the obtained tools., Розроблено комплекс моделей динаміки і нелінійних систем управління всіма етапами іонно-плазмового нанесення покриттів на металорізальний інструмент. Імітаційне моделювання розроблених систем управління показало високу якість як програмно-керованих процесів; так і процесів; що стабілізують виділені технологічні параметри. Параметричний синтез використаних регуляторів вівся за компромісною методикою; що зв'язує робастність системи і швидкодію перехідного процесу при максимальних збуреннях, Разработан комплекс моделей динамики и нелинейных систем управления всеми этапами ионно-плазменного нанесения покрытий на металлорежущий инструмент. Имитационное моделирование разработанных систем управления показало высокое качество как программно-управляемых процессов, так и процессов, стабилизирующих выделенные технологические параметры. Параметрический синтез использованных регуляторов велся по компромиссной методике, связывающей робастность системы и быстродействие переходного процесса при максимальных возмущениях

A functionally multilayered Cr/CrTiAlN-G/TiAlN/AlSiN/AlSiO coating configuration, suitable for enhancing solar selectivity of stainless steel substrates used in concentrated solar power (CSP) systems, has been formulated using cathodic arc physical vapor deposition (CAPVD) technique. The sequence of functional layers was decided based on their refractive index values and their relative thickness was optimized to achieve maximum solar selectivity. The optimized coating exhibits encouraging values of solar absorptivity (α) – 0.95 and thermal emissivity (ε) – 0.09 to 0.14 up to 600 °C. Further, the solar selectivity factor (α/ε) for the coating is found to be comparable with the best selective coatings currently available for elevated temperature operation. The coatings were also studied for their long term stability and found to be stable up to 500 °C, although considerable change in optical properties was observed on increasing the temperature to 600 °C. The noted properties make the present coating a promising candidate as a high temperature solar selective coating on stainless steel substrates.

The design of an efficient and stable solar selective coating for Concentrating Solar Power central receivers requires a complex study of the materials candidates that compose the coating. Carbon-transition metal nanocomposites were studied in this work as absorber materials because they show appropriate optical properties with high absorption in the solar region and low thermal emittance in the infrared. Furthermore metal carbides are thermal and mechanical stable in air at high temperatures. In this work a solar selective coating was grown by a dual source filtered cathodic vacuum arc. The complete stack consists on an infrared reflection layer, an absorber layer of carbon-zirconium carbide nanocomposites and an antireflection layer. The aim of this research is optimize the absorber layer and for that, the metal content was controlled by adjusting the pulse ratio between the two arc sources. The elemental composition was determined by Ion Beam Analysis, X-Ray diffraction measurements show the crystal structure and the optical properties were characterized by spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements. The reflectance spectra of the complete selective coating were simulated with the optical software CODE. Bruggeman effective medium approximation was employed to average the dielectric functions of the two components which constitute the nanocomposite in the absorber layer. The optimized coating exhibited a solar absorptance of 95.41% and thermal emittance of 3.5% for 400ºC. The simulated results were validated with a deposited multilayer selective coating.

The design of efficient and stable solar selective coatings for Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) central receivers requires a comprehensive knowledge about the incorporated materials. In this work solar selective coatings were grown by filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) deposition. The complete stacks consist of an infrared reflection layer, an absorber layer of C:ZrC nanocomposites and an antireflection layer. The Carbon-transition metal nanocomposites were studied as absorber materials because they show appropriate optical properties, i.e. high absorption in the solar region and low thermal emittance. Furthermore metal carbides are thermally and mechanically stabile in air at high temperatures. In order to optimize the absorber layer, the metal content was controlled by adjusting the pulse ratio between the two arc sources. The elemental composition of the absorber layers was determined by Ion Beam Analysis. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) measurements show the formation of metal carbides when the metal content is high enough. The optical properties of the deposited coatings were characterized by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). The reflectance spectra of the complete selective coating were simulated with the optical software CODE. Bruggeman effective medium approximation (EMA) was employed to average the dielectric functions of the two components which compose the nanocomposite in the absorber layer. Good agreement was found between simulated and measured reflectance spectra of the solar selective multilayer.

During the last years, optical low loss components gained more and more industrial interest and led to novel approaches for the production in optical coating technology. The application of filtered deposition technologies promises a significant reduction of particle contamination. Usually, filtered techniques are applied in combination with processes which produce a high level of undesired particles, like the cathodic arc deposition. In the present contribution, a magnetic field filter is applied in combination with a high quality ion beam sputtering process. The focus of the investigation constitutes the modulation of the guiding process with respect to the guiding efficiency. Numerical investigations reveal the trajectories of the ions during the guiding process and allow to analyze the influence of the magnetic field and the resulting electrostatic potential. In this study, the guiding effect is observed to be dominated by the electric potential compared to the magnetic field. However according to the simulations, very high ion guiding efficiencies can be achieved using moderate magnetic fields and electrical potentials. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the experiemental and calculated efficiencies agree well. Consequently, the simulation is the basis for a further optimization of the filtered ion beam sputtering processes. © 2015 SPIE.

The influence of the cathode grain size and the substrate fixturing on the microstructure evolution of the Cr cathodes and the resulting Cr-N coating synthesis is studied. Hot isostatic pressed Cr cathodes with three different grain sizes were arc evaporated in a nitrogen atmosphere and Cr-N coatings were deposited on cemented carbide substrate at 2 and 4 Pa nitrogen pressure, respectively. The Cr cathodes before and after arc discharging are composed of polycrystalline α-Cr regardless of the grain size. A converted layer forms on the Cr cathode surface and its microstructure differs with the cathode grain size. A stationary substrate fixturing results in ditches covering the cathode surface while a single rotating fixturing does not. The increased grain size of the virgin Cr cathodes enhances the quantities of the ditches. The possible causes are addressed. At 2 Pa nitrogen pressure, the Cr-N coatings deposited with the single rotating fixturing comprise only cubic CrN phase while the ones deposited with the stationary fixturing contain a mixture of hexagonal Cr2N and cubic CrN phases. By the increasing grain size of the Cr cathode, the droplet density of the Cr-N coatings increase somewhat while the hardness decreases for the Cr-N coatings deposited with stationary fixturing at 2 Pa nitrogen pressure.

A solar-selective functional multi-layered coating for high temperature applications has been developed on copper and stainless steel substrates using an industrially viable cathodic arc physical vapor deposition technique. The selective coating was formulated in such a way that the constituent functional layers are mainly high temperature stable nitride materials which are also hard and capable of imparting protection against wear. A multi-layer structure comprising TiAlCrN as IR reflector, TiAlN as absorber and AlSiN as anti-reflective layer was found to exhibit promising results. The stacking of these three materials with appropriate thickness in a systematic manner, viz. Cu/TiAlCrN/TiAlN/AlSiN with high Cr and Al contents in TiAlCrN and TiAlN layers, respectively, yielded high absorptivity (αAM1.5=0.91) and low emissivity (ε=0.07) values corresponding to an attractive optical selectivity (α/ε) of 13. The open air high temperature performance of the optimized multi-layer structure was also investigated in the temperature range 27-700 C and the stability of the coatings at high temperatures with respect to optical properties was established. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Monolithic TiAlN coatings with varying Al content in the range 0-65 at.% were deposited by cathodic arc evaporation. The variation in mechanical properties was studied by nanoindentation and scratch testing, and correlated with the phase constitution, grain size and residual stress. The hardness was found to be nearly stable up to Al content of 53% followed by a large drop at 65%. Depending on the stoichiometry, phase constitution and microstructure of the Ti1-xAlxN coatings, the mechanical property measurements were observed to reveal distinct trends at particular Al contents-ranging from a large scatter to clustering of data around specific values. Focused Ion Beam milling and Transmission Electron Microscopy studies showed a gradual change in microstructure, from large columnar grains in TiN to finer columns at intermediate Al content and near equiaxed, ultrafine grains with a nanocomposite structure in case of Ti0.35Al0.65N. Scratch studies revealed the deformation modes to vary with Al content, with the ductile failure modes at low Al content giving way to brittle failure at the highest Al content. Toughness studies showed a gradual increase in toughness with Al%, with the maximum seen at 53% and a moderate drop seen at 65%. The toughness shows a close dependence on the mechanical properties, phase constitution and microstructure. The study outlines the role of Al content on the microstructure of PVD TiAlN coatings and highlights the advantage of a cubic, nanocomposite structure for enhancing the toughness of these coatings. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

This study investigated the mechanical properties and performance of μ-AlTiN coating deposited by PVD cathodic arc technique for a specific Al0, 67Ti0, 33N composition deposited on a WC-Co and AISI D2 steel substrate. The structure of the coating was analysed using SEM, EDAX, XRD, AFM and TEM. Nano indentation measurements were used for analysing mechanical properties; the coating’s performance was evaluated during the milling of a titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V). The TiN film was initially deposited to improve adhesion between coating and substrate, where columnar grains ranging in size from 200 to 500 nm were observed having NaCl-type structure. μ-AlTiN grain growth was also columnar but had ~50 nm grain size. The μ-AlTiN coated tool life was compared to an uncoated tool to determine the coating’s influence during Ti6Al4V milling. The μ-AlTiN coating improved tool life by 100% compared to that of an uncoated tool due to aluminium oxide and TiC formation on the surface and a decrease in friction coefficient between the chip and the tool., Las propiedades mecánicas y el desempeño del recubrimiento μ-AlTiN depositado por la técnica PVD por arco catódico ha sido investigada para una composición específica de Al0,67Ti0,33N depositada en sustrato de WC-Co y acero AISI D2; su estructura fue analizada usando SEM, EDAX, DRX, AFM y TEM, y las propiedades mecánicas se analizaron a partir de medidas de nanoindentación. El desempeño del recubrimiento fue evaluado durante el fresado de una aleación de titanio (Ti6Al4V). Una película de TiN fue depositada inicialmente para aumentar la adhesión del recubrimiento con el sustrato, donde se observan granos columnares entre 200 y 500 nm de estructura tipo NaCl y crecimiento de granos del μ-AlTiN también columnares con tamaño de grano ~50 nm. La vida de la herramienta recubierta fue comparada con otra sin recubrir para determinar la influencia del recubrimiento durante el fresado del Ti6Al4V. El recubrimiento μ-AlTiN mejora la vida de la herramienta en un 100% respecto a la herramienta sin recubrir, debido a la formación de un óxido de aluminio y TiC en la superficie y en la disminución del coeficiente de fricción entre el chip y la herramienta.

This paper discusses multi-scale characterization of physical vapour deposited multilayer nitride coatings using a combination of electron microscopy and modulus mapping. Multilayer coatings with a triple layer structure based on TiAlN and nanocomposite nitrides with a nano-multilayered architecture were deposited by Cathodic arc deposition and detailed microstructural studies were carried out employing Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, Electron Backscattered Diffraction, Focused Ion Beam and Cross sectional Transmission Electron Microscopy in order to identify the different phases and to study microstructural features of the various layers formed as a result of the deposition process. Modulus mapping was also performed to study the effect of varying composition on the moduli of the nano-multilayers within the triple layer coating by using a Scanning Probe Microscopy based technique. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt on modulus mapping of cathodic arc deposited nitride multilayer coatings. This work demonstrates the application of Scanning Probe Microscopy based modulus mapping and electron microscopy for the study of coating properties and their relation to composition and microstructure. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.

PVD hard coatings, notably transition metal nitrides and carbides, are being increasingly used by industry for improving the life and machining speeds of cutting and forming tools. There has been an increasing trend towards use of complex coatings, based on ternary and even more complex multi-component systems, as well as in novel configurations such as multilayers, superlattices, nanolayers and graded coatings, to achieve superior properties in the tool as well as the finished product. The service properties of the coatings are known to be influenced by their microstructure, phase assembly and composition, apart from the orientation and stress states which can be suitably tailored for diverse applications. In the present study, a ternary coating based on Titanium Aluminum Nitride was deposited on high speed steel substrates by cathodic arc evaporation under varied bias voltage conditions. Asdeposited coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Residual Stress Analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), EBSD and FIB. Mechanical and tribological characteristics of the coatings were evaluated by nanoindentation and nanoscratch testing, respectively. The variations in coating hardness and adhesion with the bias voltage were studied. The changes in coating microstructure as a consequence of variation in bias voltage were also examined. Results from the above investigations are presented to illustrate how a combination of electron microscopy with nanoindentation. © (2012) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

The present study deals with growth of well-adherent and tough CrN thin films by cylindrical cathodic arc physical vapor deposition. The influence of substrate preparation parameters and deposition variables on film properties has been systematically investigated. The adhesion strength, hardness and crack propagation resistance (CPR) of the films were evaluated for different processing conditions. High substrate hardness and low substrate surface roughness were found to be conducive for obtaining well-adherent films. Cr ion etching was found to yield superior film properties, with the duration of etching also being a key determining factor. The nitrogen partial pressure employed during film deposition was noted to significantly influence the phase combination of the CrN x films as well as the stress levels in the deposited films. In case of multilayer CrN x films, alternating high toughness-low toughness layers were found to yield encouraging properties, with CPR values markedly higher than those obtained in mono-layer CrN x films, with no compromise in either hardness or adhesion strength. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.

Chromium nitride (CrN) thin films have been deposited on high speed steel (HSS) substrates using rotating cylindrical cathodic arc deposition technique and the influence of substrate temperature (TSub) and bias voltage (VSub) on the physical/mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of the films comprehensively investigated. An increase in TSub was found to significantly influence the phase composition of films, which changed from a mixture of Cr CrxN CrN to predominantly CrN. This was also accompanied by an increase in droplet formation and columnar grain size. With increase in TSub over the range investigated (230 °C to 500 °C), an increase in adhesion strength by nearly 30 was observed. In contrast, change in VSub from -50 to -150 V resulted in the growth of highly dense (111) oriented CrN thin films but with relatively little change in phase constitution, adhesion strength or microdroplet formation. A change in TSub from 230 °C to 500 °C was accompanied by a nearly 50 fall in corrosion resistance, plausibly due to the concomitant decrease in pure Cr phase content and increase in macroscopic defect concentration with increase in TSub. In view of the above, CrN thin films deposited using cylindrical cathodic arc deposition technique yield better corrosion resistance and mechanical properties when grown at low TSub. © 2011 American Vacuum Society.

Molybdenum-containing amorphous carbon (a-C:Mo) thin films were prepared using a dual-cathode filtered cathodic arc plasma source with a molybdenum and a carbon (graphite) cathode. The Mo content in the films was controlled by varying the deposition pulse ratio of Mo and C. Film sheet resistance was measured in situ at process temperature, which was close to room temperature, as well as ex situ as a function of temperature (300-515 K) in ambient air. Film resistivity and electrical activation energy were derived for different Mo and C ratios and substrate bias. Film thickness was in the range 8-28 nm. Film resistivity varied from 3.55x10-4 Omega m to 2.27x10-6 Omega m when the Mo/C pulse ratio was increased from 0.05 to 0.4, with no substrate bias applied. With carbon-selective bias, the film resistivity was in the range of 4.59x10-2 and 4.05 Omega m at a Mo/C pulse ratio of 0.05. The electrical activation energy decreased from 3.80x10-2 to 3.36x10-4 eV when the Mo/C pulse ratio was increased in the absence of bias, and from 0.19 to 0.14 eV for carbon-selective bias conditions. The resistivity of the film shifts systematically with the amounts of Mo and upon application of substrate bias voltage. The intensity ratio of the Raman D-peak and G-peak (ID/IG) correlated with the pre-exponential factor (sigma 0) which included charge carrier density and density of states.

Práce předkládá možné metody vedoucí ke zvýšení životnosti střižných nožů vyrobených z oceli 19 436 určených ke stříhání statorových a rotorových plechů z křemíkové oceli. Tyto plechy se vyznačují vysokou tvrdostí, což negativně působí na ostří střižníků. Experimentálním měřením tvrdosti na dodaných vzorcích bylo ověřeno stávající tepelné zpracování na povrchu a uvnitř střižníku. Naměřená hodnota 62 HRC odpovídá vstupním požadavkům. Na základě literární studie byla jako nejvhodnější metoda zvolena kombinace chemicko – tepelného zpracování a povlakování. Z důvodu zachování mikrostruktury střižníku vzniklé po tepelném zpracování bylo nutné povlak nanést pomocí fyzikálního napařování, které se vyznačuje nízkými teplotami depozice. Povlak s označením FeinAl se bude aplikovat pomocí katodového obloukového napařování a je primárně určen k ochraně tvářecích a střižných nástrojů., This Bachelor thesis presents possible methods for increasing the lifespan of cutting tools made of steel 19 436 designed for cutting stator and rotor plates made of silicon steel. These sheets are characterized by high hardness, which adversely affects the edges of the scissors. Experimental hardness measurement on delivered samples has verified the actual heat treatment on the surface and inside the scraper. The measured value 62 HRC corresponds to the input requirements. Based on the literature study, a combination of chemical – heat treatment and coating was chosen as the most appropriate method. In order to preserve the microstructure of the punch produced after the heat treatment, it was necessary to apply the coating by physical vapor deposition, which is characterized by low deposition temperatures. The FeinAl coating will be applied by cathodic arc deposition and is primarily designed to protect tools and cutting tools.

Práce předkládá možné metody vedoucí ke zvýšení životnosti střižných nožů vyrobených z oceli 19 436 určených ke stříhání statorových a rotorových plechů z křemíkové oceli. Tyto plechy se vyznačují vysokou tvrdostí, což negativně působí na ostří střižníků. Experimentálním měřením tvrdosti na dodaných vzorcích bylo ověřeno stávající tepelné zpracování na povrchu a uvnitř střižníku. Naměřená hodnota 62 HRC odpovídá vstupním požadavkům. Na základě literární studie byla jako nejvhodnější metoda zvolena kombinace chemicko – tepelného zpracování a povlakování. Z důvodu zachování mikrostruktury střižníku vzniklé po tepelném zpracování bylo nutné povlak nanést pomocí fyzikálního napařování, které se vyznačuje nízkými teplotami depozice. Povlak s označením FeinAl se bude aplikovat pomocí katodového obloukového napařování a je primárně určen k ochraně tvářecích a střižných nástrojů., This Bachelor thesis presents possible methods for increasing the lifespan of cutting tools made of steel 19 436 designed for cutting stator and rotor plates made of silicon steel. These sheets are characterized by high hardness, which adversely affects the edges of the scissors. Experimental hardness measurement on delivered samples has verified the actual heat treatment on the surface and inside the scraper. The measured value 62 HRC corresponds to the input requirements. Based on the literature study, a combination of chemical – heat treatment and coating was chosen as the most appropriate method. In order to preserve the microstructure of the punch produced after the heat treatment, it was necessary to apply the coating by physical vapor deposition, which is characterized by low deposition temperatures. The FeinAl coating will be applied by cathodic arc deposition and is primarily designed to protect tools and cutting tools.

Práce předkládá možné metody vedoucí ke zvýšení životnosti střižných nožů vyrobených z oceli 19 436 určených ke stříhání statorových a rotorových plechů z křemíkové oceli. Tyto plechy se vyznačují vysokou tvrdostí, což negativně působí na ostří střižníků. Experimentálním měřením tvrdosti na dodaných vzorcích bylo ověřeno stávající tepelné zpracování na povrchu a uvnitř střižníku. Naměřená hodnota 62 HRC odpovídá vstupním požadavkům. Na základě literární studie byla jako nejvhodnější metoda zvolena kombinace chemicko – tepelného zpracování a povlakování. Z důvodu zachování mikrostruktury střižníku vzniklé po tepelném zpracování bylo nutné povlak nanést pomocí fyzikálního napařování, které se vyznačuje nízkými teplotami depozice. Povlak s označením FeinAl se bude aplikovat pomocí katodového obloukového napařování a je primárně určen k ochraně tvářecích a střižných nástrojů., This Bachelor thesis presents possible methods for increasing the lifespan of cutting tools made of steel 19 436 designed for cutting stator and rotor plates made of silicon steel. These sheets are characterized by high hardness, which adversely affects the edges of the scissors. Experimental hardness measurement on delivered samples has verified the actual heat treatment on the surface and inside the scraper. The measured value 62 HRC corresponds to the input requirements. Based on the literature study, a combination of chemical – heat treatment and coating was chosen as the most appropriate method. In order to preserve the microstructure of the punch produced after the heat treatment, it was necessary to apply the coating by physical vapor deposition, which is characterized by low deposition temperatures. The FeinAl coating will be applied by cathodic arc deposition and is primarily designed to protect tools and cutting tools.

Práce předkládá možné metody vedoucí ke zvýšení životnosti střižných nožů vyrobených z oceli 19 436 určených ke stříhání statorových a rotorových plechů z křemíkové oceli. Tyto plechy se vyznačují vysokou tvrdostí, což negativně působí na ostří střižníků. Experimentálním měřením tvrdosti na dodaných vzorcích bylo ověřeno stávající tepelné zpracování na povrchu a uvnitř střižníku. Naměřená hodnota 62 HRC odpovídá vstupním požadavkům. Na základě literární studie byla jako nejvhodnější metoda zvolena kombinace chemicko – tepelného zpracování a povlakování. Z důvodu zachování mikrostruktury střižníku vzniklé po tepelném zpracování bylo nutné povlak nanést pomocí fyzikálního napařování, které se vyznačuje nízkými teplotami depozice. Povlak s označením FeinAl se bude aplikovat pomocí katodového obloukového napařování a je primárně určen k ochraně tvářecích a střižných nástrojů., This Bachelor thesis presents possible methods for increasing the lifespan of cutting tools made of steel 19 436 designed for cutting stator and rotor plates made of silicon steel. These sheets are characterized by high hardness, which adversely affects the edges of the scissors. Experimental hardness measurement on delivered samples has verified the actual heat treatment on the surface and inside the scraper. The measured value 62 HRC corresponds to the input requirements. Based on the literature study, a combination of chemical – heat treatment and coating was chosen as the most appropriate method. In order to preserve the microstructure of the punch produced after the heat treatment, it was necessary to apply the coating by physical vapor deposition, which is characterized by low deposition temperatures. The FeinAl coating will be applied by cathodic arc deposition and is primarily designed to protect tools and cutting tools.

Práce předkládá možné metody vedoucí ke zvýšení životnosti střižných nožů vyrobených z oceli 19 436 určených ke stříhání statorových a rotorových plechů z křemíkové oceli. Tyto plechy se vyznačují vysokou tvrdostí, což negativně působí na ostří střižníků. Experimentálním měřením tvrdosti na dodaných vzorcích bylo ověřeno stávající tepelné zpracování na povrchu a uvnitř střižníku. Naměřená hodnota 62 HRC odpovídá vstupním požadavkům. Na základě literární studie byla jako nejvhodnější metoda zvolena kombinace chemicko – tepelného zpracování a povlakování. Z důvodu zachování mikrostruktury střižníku vzniklé po tepelném zpracování bylo nutné povlak nanést pomocí fyzikálního napařování, které se vyznačuje nízkými teplotami depozice. Povlak s označením FeinAl se bude aplikovat pomocí katodového obloukového napařování a je primárně určen k ochraně tvářecích a střižných nástrojů., This Bachelor thesis presents possible methods for increasing the lifespan of cutting tools made of steel 19 436 designed for cutting stator and rotor plates made of silicon steel. These sheets are characterized by high hardness, which adversely affects the edges of the scissors. Experimental hardness measurement on delivered samples has verified the actual heat treatment on the surface and inside the scraper. The measured value 62 HRC corresponds to the input requirements. Based on the literature study, a combination of chemical – heat treatment and coating was chosen as the most appropriate method. In order to preserve the microstructure of the punch produced after the heat treatment, it was necessary to apply the coating by physical vapor deposition, which is characterized by low deposition temperatures. The FeinAl coating will be applied by cathodic arc deposition and is primarily designed to protect tools and cutting tools.

Práce předkládá možné metody vedoucí ke zvýšení životnosti střižných nožů vyrobených z oceli 19 436 určených ke stříhání statorových a rotorových plechů z křemíkové oceli. Tyto plechy se vyznačují vysokou tvrdostí, což negativně působí na ostří střižníků. Experimentálním měřením tvrdosti na dodaných vzorcích bylo ověřeno stávající tepelné zpracování na povrchu a uvnitř střižníku. Naměřená hodnota 62 HRC odpovídá vstupním požadavkům. Na základě literární studie byla jako nejvhodnější metoda zvolena kombinace chemicko – tepelného zpracování a povlakování. Z důvodu zachování mikrostruktury střižníku vzniklé po tepelném zpracování bylo nutné povlak nanést pomocí fyzikálního napařování, které se vyznačuje nízkými teplotami depozice. Povlak s označením FeinAl se bude aplikovat pomocí katodového obloukového napařování a je primárně určen k ochraně tvářecích a střižných nástrojů., This Bachelor thesis presents possible methods for increasing the lifespan of cutting tools made of steel 19 436 designed for cutting stator and rotor plates made of silicon steel. These sheets are characterized by high hardness, which adversely affects the edges of the scissors. Experimental hardness measurement on delivered samples has verified the actual heat treatment on the surface and inside the scraper. The measured value 62 HRC corresponds to the input requirements. Based on the literature study, a combination of chemical – heat treatment and coating was chosen as the most appropriate method. In order to preserve the microstructure of the punch produced after the heat treatment, it was necessary to apply the coating by physical vapor deposition, which is characterized by low deposition temperatures. The FeinAl coating will be applied by cathodic arc deposition and is primarily designed to protect tools and cutting tools.