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The rapid development of computing applications demands novel low-energy consumption devices for information processing. Among various candidates, magnetoelectric heterostructures hold promise for meeting the required voltage and power goals. Here, a route to low-voltage control of magnetism in 30 nm Fe0.5Rh0.5/100 nm 0.68PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-0.32PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) heterostructures is demonstrated wherein the magnetoelectric coupling is achieved via strain-induced changes in the Fe0.5Rh0.5 mediated by voltages applied to the PMN-PT. We describe approaches to achieve high-quality, epitaxial growth of Fe0.5Rh0.5 on the PMN-PT films and, a methodology to probe and quantify magnetoelectric coupling in small thin-film devices via studies of the anomalous Hall effect. By comparing the spin-flop field change induced by temperature and external voltage, the magnetoelectric coupling coefficient is estimated to reach ≈7 × 10−8 s m−1 at 325 K while applying a −0.75 V bias.

The rapid development of computing applications demands novel low-energy consumption devices for information processing. Among various candidates, magnetoelectric heterostructures hold promise for meeting the required voltage and power goals. Here, a route to low-voltage control of magnetism in 30 nm Fe0.5Rh0.5/100 nm 0.68PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-0.32PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) heterostructures is demonstrated wherein the magnetoelectric coupling is achieved via strain-induced changes in the Fe0.5Rh0.5 mediated by voltages applied to the PMN-PT. We describe approaches to achieve high-quality, epitaxial growth of Fe0.5Rh0.5 on the PMN-PT films and, a methodology to probe and quantify magnetoelectric coupling in small thin-film devices via studies of the anomalous Hall effect. By comparing the spin-flop field change induced by temperature and external voltage, the magnetoelectric coupling coefficient is estimated to reach ≈7 × 10−8 s m−1 at 325 K while applying a −0.75 V bias.

Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) is a comprehensive detection system for the identification and classification of transient astrophysical objects. In this paper, we make two significant contributions to the PTF pipeline. First, we present an experimental study that evaluates a novel implementation of the real-time classifier in GLADE - a parallel data processing system that combines the efficiency of a database with the extensibility of map-reduce. We show how each stage in the classifier maps optimally into GLADE tasks by taking advantage of the unique features of the system - range-based data partitioning, columnar storage, multi-query execution, and in-database support for complex aggregate computation. Second, we introduce a novel parallel similarity join algorithm for advanced transient classification. We implement this algorithm in GLADE and execute it on a massive supercomputer with more than 3,000 threads, achieving more than three orders of magnitude improvement over the PostgreSQL solution.

Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) is a comprehensive detection system for the identification and classification of transient astrophysical objects. In this paper, we make two significant contributions to the PTF pipeline. First, we present an experimental study that evaluates a novel implementation of the real-time classifier in GLADE - a parallel data processing system that combines the efficiency of a database with the extensibility of map-reduce. We show how each stage in the classifier maps optimally into GLADE tasks by taking advantage of the unique features of the system - range-based data partitioning, columnar storage, multi-query execution, and in-database support for complex aggregate computation. Second, we introduce a novel parallel similarity join algorithm for advanced transient classification. We implement this algorithm in GLADE and execute it on a massive supercomputer with more than 3,000 threads, achieving more than three orders of magnitude improvement over the PostgreSQL solution.

As the most abundant source of renewable aromatic compounds on the planet, lignin is gaining growing interest in replacing petroleum-based chemicals and products. Value-added applications of lignin are also essential for the economic viability of future bio-refineries. It is however an under-utilized natural resource due to its structural heterogeneities. Lignin nanoparticles offer many opportunities for value-added applications of lignin. The solution structures of lignin were proposed as one of the key elements in controlling lignin nano-/micro-particle preparation. Fundamental understanding of solution structures of lignin aid in designing and better fabrication of lignin nanoparticles. A deeper understanding of the observed experimental results also points to the need for detailed studies of lignin in solution. This review consists of two major topics, the solution structures of lignin and lignin nano-/micro-particle preparation. Suggestions for future studies regarding these two topics were also put forward.

As the most abundant source of renewable aromatic compounds on the planet, lignin is gaining growing interest in replacing petroleum-based chemicals and products. Value-added applications of lignin are also essential for the economic viability of future bio-refineries. It is however an under-utilized natural resource due to its structural heterogeneities. Lignin nanoparticles offer many opportunities for value-added applications of lignin. The solution structures of lignin were proposed as one of the key elements in controlling lignin nano-/micro-particle preparation. Fundamental understanding of solution structures of lignin aid in designing and better fabrication of lignin nanoparticles. A deeper understanding of the observed experimental results also points to the need for detailed studies of lignin in solution. This review consists of two major topics, the solution structures of lignin and lignin nano-/micro-particle preparation. Suggestions for future studies regarding these two topics were also put forward.

Guarantees of services in a networked environment are provided, by the proper allocation and utilization of network and system resources.In this paper, we propose a resource reservation scheme for a class of, multimedia applications. We characterize this class of multimedia applications as synchronized distributed multimedia sessions, which we, believe represent a large number of multimedia applications.In addition to this particular class of applications, the reservation, scheme can also be applied to other applications with synchronized resource requirements. Mechanisms are devised so that, the scheme can find a feasible reservation whenever one exists, in, contrast to existing protocols where request can fail unpredictably, even when there is available resource. Based upon a layer of resource abstraction, the scheme suits well with today's heterogeneous network environment. A copy of this report has been published in the proceedings of The 1st Annual Advanced Telecommunications/Information Distribution Research Program Conference, January 21-22, 1997.