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31 results on '"Zald, David H."'

1. Les progrès dans la réalisation de la classification quantitative de la psychopathologie

Author

Krueger, Robert F., Kotov, Roman, Watson, David, Forbes, Miriam K., Eaton, Nicholas R., Ruggero, Camilo J., Simms, Leonard J., Widiger, Thomas A., Achenbach, Thomas M., Bach, Bo, Bagby, R. Michael, Bornovalova, Marina A., Carpenter, William T., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Conway, Christopher, DeClercq, Barbara, DeYoung, Colin G., Docherty, Anna R., Drislane, Laura E., First, Michael B., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hallquist, Michael, Haltigan, John D., Hopwood, Christopher J., Ivanova, Masha Y., Jonas, Katherine G., Latzman, Robert D., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patalay, Praveetha, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Regier, Darrel A., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Rescorla, Leslie A., Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew, Slade, Tim, South, Susan C., Sunderland, Matthew, Tackett, Jennifer L., Venables, Noah C., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Zald, David H., Zimmermann, Johannes, Krueger, Robert F., Kotov, Roman, Watson, David, Forbes, Miriam K., Eaton, Nicholas R., Ruggero, Camilo J., Simms, Leonard J., Widiger, Thomas A., Achenbach, Thomas M., Bach, Bo, Bagby, R. Michael, Bornovalova, Marina A., Carpenter, William T., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Conway, Christopher, DeClercq, Barbara, DeYoung, Colin G., Docherty, Anna R., Drislane, Laura E., First, Michael B., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hallquist, Michael, Haltigan, John D., Hopwood, Christopher J., Ivanova, Masha Y., Jonas, Katherine G., Latzman, Robert D., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patalay, Praveetha, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Regier, Darrel A., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Rescorla, Leslie A., Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew, Slade, Tim, South, Susan C., Sunderland, Matthew, Tackett, Jennifer L., Venables, Noah C., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Zald, David H., and Zimmermann, Johannes

Abstract

Shortcomings of approaches to classifying psychopathology based on expert consensus have given rise to contemporary efforts to classify psychopathology quantitatively. In this paper, we review progress in achieving a quantitative and empirical classification of psychopathology. A substantial empirical literature indicates that psychopathology is generally more dimensional than categorical. When the discreteness versus continuity of psychopathology is treated as a research question, as opposed to being decided as a matter of tradition, the evidence clearly supports the hypothesis of continuity. In addition, a related body of literature shows how psychopathology dimensions can be arranged in a hierarchy, ranging from very broad “spectrum level” dimensions, to specific and narrow clusters of symptoms. In this way, a quantitative approach solves the “problem of comorbidity” by explicitly modeling patterns of co-occurrence among signs and symptoms within a detailed and variegated hierarchy of dimensional concepts with direct clinical utility. Indeed, extensive evidence pertaining to the dimensional and hierarchical structure of psychopathology has led to the formation of the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) Consortium. This is a group of 70 investigators working together to study empirical classification of psychopathology. In this paper, we describe the aims and current foci of the HiTOP Consortium. These aims pertain to continued research on the empirical organization of psychopathology; the connection between personality and psychopathology; the utility of empirically based psychopathology constructs in both research and the clinic; and the development of novel and comprehensive models and corresponding assessment instruments for psychopathology constructs derived from an empirical approach.

Published
2021

2. Les progrès dans la réalisation de la classification quantitative de la psychopathologie

Author

Krueger, Robert F., Kotov, Roman, Watson, David, Forbes, Miriam K., Eaton, Nicholas R., Ruggero, Camilo J., Simms, Leonard J., Widiger, Thomas A., Achenbach, Thomas M., Bach, Bo, Bagby, Robert Michael, Bornovalova, Marina A., Carpenter, William T., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Conway, Christopher, DeClercq, Barbara, DeYoung, Colin G., Docherty, Anna R., Drislane, Laura E., First, Michael B., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hallquist, Michael, Haltigan, John D., Hopwood, Christopher J., Ivanova, Masha Y., Jonas, Katherine G., Latzman, Robert D., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patalay, Praveetha, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Regier, Darrel A., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Rescorla, Leslie A., Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew E., Slade, Tim, South, Susan Carol, Sunderland, Matthew, Tackett, Jennifer L., Venables, Noah C., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G. C., Zald, David H., Zimmermann, Johannes, Krueger, Robert F., Kotov, Roman, Watson, David, Forbes, Miriam K., Eaton, Nicholas R., Ruggero, Camilo J., Simms, Leonard J., Widiger, Thomas A., Achenbach, Thomas M., Bach, Bo, Bagby, Robert Michael, Bornovalova, Marina A., Carpenter, William T., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Conway, Christopher, DeClercq, Barbara, DeYoung, Colin G., Docherty, Anna R., Drislane, Laura E., First, Michael B., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hallquist, Michael, Haltigan, John D., Hopwood, Christopher J., Ivanova, Masha Y., Jonas, Katherine G., Latzman, Robert D., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patalay, Praveetha, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Regier, Darrel A., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Rescorla, Leslie A., Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew E., Slade, Tim, South, Susan Carol, Sunderland, Matthew, Tackett, Jennifer L., Venables, Noah C., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G. C., Zald, David H., and Zimmermann, Johannes

Published
2021

3. Redefining phenotypes to advance psychiatric genetics: Implications from hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology.

Author

Waszczuk, Monika A, Waszczuk, Monika A, Eaton, Nicholas R, Krueger, Robert F, Shackman, Alexander J, Waldman, Irwin D, Zald, David H, Lahey, Benjamin B, Patrick, Christopher J, Conway, Christopher C, Ormel, Johan, Hyman, Steven E, Fried, Eiko I, Forbes, Miriam K, Docherty, Anna R, Althoff, Robert R, Bach, Bo, Chmielewski, Michael, DeYoung, Colin G, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hallquist, Michael, Hopwood, Christopher J, Ivanova, Masha Y, Jonas, Katherine G, Latzman, Robert D, Markon, Kristian E, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Pincus, Aaron L, Reininghaus, Ulrich, South, Susan C, Tackett, Jennifer L, Watson, David, Wright, Aidan GC, Kotov, Roman, Waszczuk, Monika A, Waszczuk, Monika A, Eaton, Nicholas R, Krueger, Robert F, Shackman, Alexander J, Waldman, Irwin D, Zald, David H, Lahey, Benjamin B, Patrick, Christopher J, Conway, Christopher C, Ormel, Johan, Hyman, Steven E, Fried, Eiko I, Forbes, Miriam K, Docherty, Anna R, Althoff, Robert R, Bach, Bo, Chmielewski, Michael, DeYoung, Colin G, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hallquist, Michael, Hopwood, Christopher J, Ivanova, Masha Y, Jonas, Katherine G, Latzman, Robert D, Markon, Kristian E, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Pincus, Aaron L, Reininghaus, Ulrich, South, Susan C, Tackett, Jennifer L, Watson, David, Wright, Aidan GC, and Kotov, Roman

Abstract

Genetic discovery in psychiatry and clinical psychology is hindered by suboptimal phenotypic definitions. We argue that the hierarchical, dimensional, and data-driven classification system proposed by the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) consortium provides a more effective approach to identifying genes that underlie mental disorders, and to studying psychiatric etiology, than current diagnostic categories. Specifically, genes are expected to operate at different levels of the HiTOP hierarchy, with some highly pleiotropic genes influencing higher order psychopathology (e.g., the general factor), whereas other genes conferring more specific risk for individual spectra (e.g., internalizing), subfactors (e.g., fear disorders), or narrow symptoms (e.g., mood instability). We propose that the HiTOP model aligns well with the current understanding of the higher order genetic structure of psychopathology that has emerged from a large body of family and twin studies. We also discuss the convergence between the HiTOP model and findings from recent molecular studies of psychopathology indicating broad genetic pleiotropy, such as cross-disorder SNP-based shared genetic covariance and polygenic risk scores, and we highlight molecular genetic studies that have successfully redefined phenotypes to enhance precision and statistical power. Finally, we suggest how to integrate a HiTOP approach into future molecular genetic research, including quantitative and hierarchical assessment tools for future data-collection and recommendations concerning phenotypic analyses. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Published
2020

4. Redefining phenotypes to advance psychiatric genetics: Implications from hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology.

Author

Waszczuk, Monika A, Waszczuk, Monika A, Eaton, Nicholas R, Krueger, Robert F, Shackman, Alexander J, Waldman, Irwin D, Zald, David H, Lahey, Benjamin B, Patrick, Christopher J, Conway, Christopher C, Ormel, Johan, Hyman, Steven E, Fried, Eiko I, Forbes, Miriam K, Docherty, Anna R, Althoff, Robert R, Bach, Bo, Chmielewski, Michael, DeYoung, Colin G, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hallquist, Michael, Hopwood, Christopher J, Ivanova, Masha Y, Jonas, Katherine G, Latzman, Robert D, Markon, Kristian E, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Pincus, Aaron L, Reininghaus, Ulrich, South, Susan C, Tackett, Jennifer L, Watson, David, Wright, Aidan GC, Kotov, Roman, Waszczuk, Monika A, Waszczuk, Monika A, Eaton, Nicholas R, Krueger, Robert F, Shackman, Alexander J, Waldman, Irwin D, Zald, David H, Lahey, Benjamin B, Patrick, Christopher J, Conway, Christopher C, Ormel, Johan, Hyman, Steven E, Fried, Eiko I, Forbes, Miriam K, Docherty, Anna R, Althoff, Robert R, Bach, Bo, Chmielewski, Michael, DeYoung, Colin G, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hallquist, Michael, Hopwood, Christopher J, Ivanova, Masha Y, Jonas, Katherine G, Latzman, Robert D, Markon, Kristian E, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Pincus, Aaron L, Reininghaus, Ulrich, South, Susan C, Tackett, Jennifer L, Watson, David, Wright, Aidan GC, and Kotov, Roman

Abstract

Genetic discovery in psychiatry and clinical psychology is hindered by suboptimal phenotypic definitions. We argue that the hierarchical, dimensional, and data-driven classification system proposed by the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) consortium provides a more effective approach to identifying genes that underlie mental disorders, and to studying psychiatric etiology, than current diagnostic categories. Specifically, genes are expected to operate at different levels of the HiTOP hierarchy, with some highly pleiotropic genes influencing higher order psychopathology (e.g., the general factor), whereas other genes conferring more specific risk for individual spectra (e.g., internalizing), subfactors (e.g., fear disorders), or narrow symptoms (e.g., mood instability). We propose that the HiTOP model aligns well with the current understanding of the higher order genetic structure of psychopathology that has emerged from a large body of family and twin studies. We also discuss the convergence between the HiTOP model and findings from recent molecular studies of psychopathology indicating broad genetic pleiotropy, such as cross-disorder SNP-based shared genetic covariance and polygenic risk scores, and we highlight molecular genetic studies that have successfully redefined phenotypes to enhance precision and statistical power. Finally, we suggest how to integrate a HiTOP approach into future molecular genetic research, including quantitative and hierarchical assessment tools for future data-collection and recommendations concerning phenotypic analyses. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Published
2020

5. Neurobiology and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology: progress toward ontogenetically informed and clinically useful nosology .

Author

Perkins, Emily R, Perkins, Emily R, Joyner, Keanan J, Patrick, Christopher J, Bartholow, Bruce D, Latzman, Robert D, DeYoung, Colin G, Kotov, Roman, Reininghaus, Ulrich, Cooper, Samuel E, Afzali, Mohammad H, Docherty, Anna R, Dretsch, Michael N, Eaton, Nicholas R, Goghari, Vina M, Haltigan, John D, Krueger, Robert F, Martin, Elizabeth A, Michelini, Giorgia, Ruocco, Anthony C, Tackett, Jennifer L, Venables, Noah C, Waldman, Irwin D, Zald, David H, Perkins, Emily R, Perkins, Emily R, Joyner, Keanan J, Patrick, Christopher J, Bartholow, Bruce D, Latzman, Robert D, DeYoung, Colin G, Kotov, Roman, Reininghaus, Ulrich, Cooper, Samuel E, Afzali, Mohammad H, Docherty, Anna R, Dretsch, Michael N, Eaton, Nicholas R, Goghari, Vina M, Haltigan, John D, Krueger, Robert F, Martin, Elizabeth A, Michelini, Giorgia, Ruocco, Anthony C, Tackett, Jennifer L, Venables, Noah C, Waldman, Irwin D, and Zald, David H

Abstract

The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is an empirical structural model of psychological symptoms formulated to improve the reliability and validity of clinical assessment. Neurobiology can inform assessments of early risk and intervention strategies, and the HiTOP model has greater potential to interface with neurobiological measures than traditional categorical diagnoses given its enhanced reliability. However, one complication is that observed biological correlates of clinical symptoms can reflect various factors, ranging from dispositional risk to consequences of psychopathology. In this paper, we argue that the HiTOP model provides an optimized framework for conducting research on the biological correlates of psychopathology from an ontogenetic perspective that distinguishes among indicators of liability, current symptoms, and consequences of illness. Through this approach, neurobiological research can contribute more effectively to identifying individuals at high dispositional risk, indexing treatment-related gains, and monitoring the consequences of mental illness, consistent with the aims of the HiTOP framework. .

Published
2020

6. Commentary on 'The Challenge of Transforming the Diagnostic System of Personality Disorders'

Author

Hopwood, Christopher J., Krueger, Robert F., Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A., Althoff, Robert R., Ansell, Emily B., Bach, Bo, Bagby, R. Michael, Blais, Mark A., Bornovalova, Marina A., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Conway, Christopher, De Clerq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Edens, John F., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hengartner, Michael P., Ivanova, Masha Y., Leising, Daniel, Lukowitsky, Mark R., Lynam, Donald R., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Tackett, Jennifer L., Thomas, Katherine M., Trull, Timothy J., Vachon, David D., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Yalch, Mathew M., Zald, David H., Zimmermann, Johannes, Hopwood, Christopher J., Krueger, Robert F., Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A., Althoff, Robert R., Ansell, Emily B., Bach, Bo, Bagby, R. Michael, Blais, Mark A., Bornovalova, Marina A., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Conway, Christopher, De Clerq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Edens, John F., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hengartner, Michael P., Ivanova, Masha Y., Leising, Daniel, Lukowitsky, Mark R., Lynam, Donald R., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Tackett, Jennifer L., Thomas, Katherine M., Trull, Timothy J., Vachon, David D., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Yalch, Mathew M., Zald, David H., and Zimmermann, Johannes

Published
2020

7. Redefining phenotypes to advance psychiatric genetics: Implications from hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology.

Author

Waszczuk, Monika A., Eaton, Nicholas R., Krueger, Robert F., Shackman, Alexander J., Waldman, Irwin D., Zald, David H., Lahey, Benjamin B., Patrick, Christopher J., Conway, Christopher C., Ormel, Johan, Hyman, Steven E., Fried, Eiko I., Forbes, Miriam K., Docherty, Anna R., Althoff, Robert R., Bach, Bo, Chmielewski, Michael, DeYoung, Colin G., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hallquist, Michael, Hopwood, Christopher J., Ivanova, Masha Y., Jonas, Katherine G., Latzman, Robert D., Markon, Kristian E., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Pincus, Aaron L., Reininghaus, Ulrich, South, Susan Carol, Tackett, Jennifer L., Watson, David, Wright, Aidan G. C., Kotov, Roman, Waszczuk, Monika A., Eaton, Nicholas R., Krueger, Robert F., Shackman, Alexander J., Waldman, Irwin D., Zald, David H., Lahey, Benjamin B., Patrick, Christopher J., Conway, Christopher C., Ormel, Johan, Hyman, Steven E., Fried, Eiko I., Forbes, Miriam K., Docherty, Anna R., Althoff, Robert R., Bach, Bo, Chmielewski, Michael, DeYoung, Colin G., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hallquist, Michael, Hopwood, Christopher J., Ivanova, Masha Y., Jonas, Katherine G., Latzman, Robert D., Markon, Kristian E., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Pincus, Aaron L., Reininghaus, Ulrich, South, Susan Carol, Tackett, Jennifer L., Watson, David, Wright, Aidan G. C., and Kotov, Roman

Abstract

Genetic discovery in psychiatry and clinical psychology is hindered by suboptimal phenotypic definitions. We argue that the hierarchical, dimensional, and data-driven classification system proposed by the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) consortium provides a more effective approach to identifying genes that underlie mental disorders, and to studying psychiatric etiology, than current diagnostic categories. Specifically, genes are expected to operate at different levels of the HiTOP hierarchy, with some highly pleiotropic genes influencing higher order psychopathology (e.g., the general factor), whereas other genes conferring more specific risk for individual spectra (e.g., internalizing), subfactors (e.g., fear disorders), or narrow symptoms (e.g., mood instability). We propose that the HiTOP model aligns well with the current understanding of the higher order genetic structure of psychopathology that has emerged from a large body of family and twin studies. We also discuss the convergence between the HiTOP model and findings from recent molecular studies of psychopathology indicating broad genetic pleiotropy, such as cross-disorder SNP-based shared genetic covariance and polygenic risk scores, and we highlight molecular genetic studies that have successfully redefined phenotypes to enhance precision and statistical power. Finally, we suggest how to integrate a HiTOP approach into future molecular genetic research, including quantitative and hierarchical assessment tools for future data-collection and recommendations concerning phenotypic analyses.

Published
2020

8. A Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Can Transform Mental Health Research.

Author

Conway, Christopher C, Conway, Christopher C, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Fried, Eiko I, Hallquist, Michael N, Kotov, Roman, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Shackman, Alexander J, Skodol, Andrew E, South, Susan C, Sunderland, Matthew, Waszczuk, Monika A, Zald, David H, Afzali, Mohammad H, Bornovalova, Marina A, Carragher, Natacha, Docherty, Anna R, Jonas, Katherine G, Krueger, Robert F, Patalay, Praveetha, Pincus, Aaron L, Tackett, Jennifer L, Reininghaus, Ulrich, Waldman, Irwin D, Wright, Aidan GC, Zimmermann, Johannes, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R Michael, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Clark, Lee Anna, Dalgleish, Tim, DeYoung, Colin G, Hopwood, Christopher J, Ivanova, Masha Y, Latzman, Robert D, Patrick, Christopher J, Ruggero, Camilo J, Samuel, Douglas B, Watson, David, Eaton, Nicholas R, Conway, Christopher C, Conway, Christopher C, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Fried, Eiko I, Hallquist, Michael N, Kotov, Roman, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Shackman, Alexander J, Skodol, Andrew E, South, Susan C, Sunderland, Matthew, Waszczuk, Monika A, Zald, David H, Afzali, Mohammad H, Bornovalova, Marina A, Carragher, Natacha, Docherty, Anna R, Jonas, Katherine G, Krueger, Robert F, Patalay, Praveetha, Pincus, Aaron L, Tackett, Jennifer L, Reininghaus, Ulrich, Waldman, Irwin D, Wright, Aidan GC, Zimmermann, Johannes, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R Michael, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Clark, Lee Anna, Dalgleish, Tim, DeYoung, Colin G, Hopwood, Christopher J, Ivanova, Masha Y, Latzman, Robert D, Patrick, Christopher J, Ruggero, Camilo J, Samuel, Douglas B, Watson, David, and Eaton, Nicholas R

Abstract

For more than a century, research on psychopathology has focused on categorical diagnoses. Although this work has produced major discoveries, growing evidence points to the superiority of a dimensional approach to the science of mental illness. Here we outline one such dimensional system-the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)-that is based on empirical patterns of co-occurrence among psychological symptoms. We highlight key ways in which this framework can advance mental-health research, and we provide some heuristics for using HiTOP to test theories of psychopathology. We then review emerging evidence that supports the value of a hierarchical, dimensional model of mental illness across diverse research areas in psychological science. These new data suggest that the HiTOP system has the potential to accelerate and improve research on mental-health problems as well as efforts to more effectively assess, prevent, and treat mental illness.

Published
2019

9. Commentary on 'The Challenge of Transforming the Diagnostic System of Personality Disorders'.

Author

Hopwood, Christopher J, Hopwood, Christopher J, Krueger, Robert F, Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A, Althoff, Robert R, Ansell, Emily B, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R Michael, Blais, Mark A, Bornovalova, Marina A, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Conway, Christopher, De Clerq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R, Eaton, Nicholas R, Edens, John F, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hengartner, Michael P, Ivanova, Masha Y, Leising, Daniel, Lukowitsky, Mark R, Lynam, Donald R, Markon, Kristian E, Miller, Joshua D, Morey, Leslie C, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Ormel, Johan, Patrick, Christopher J, Pincus, Aaron L, Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B, Sellbom, Martin, Tackett, Jennifer L, Thomas, Katherine M, Trull, Timothy J, Vachon, David D, Waldman, Irwin D, Waszczuk, Monika A, Waugh, Mark H, Wright, Aidan GC, Yalch, Mathew M, Zald, David H, Zimmermann, Johannes, Hopwood, Christopher J, Hopwood, Christopher J, Krueger, Robert F, Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A, Althoff, Robert R, Ansell, Emily B, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R Michael, Blais, Mark A, Bornovalova, Marina A, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Conway, Christopher, De Clerq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R, Eaton, Nicholas R, Edens, John F, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hengartner, Michael P, Ivanova, Masha Y, Leising, Daniel, Lukowitsky, Mark R, Lynam, Donald R, Markon, Kristian E, Miller, Joshua D, Morey, Leslie C, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Ormel, Johan, Patrick, Christopher J, Pincus, Aaron L, Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B, Sellbom, Martin, Tackett, Jennifer L, Thomas, Katherine M, Trull, Timothy J, Vachon, David D, Waldman, Irwin D, Waszczuk, Monika A, Waugh, Mark H, Wright, Aidan GC, Yalch, Mathew M, Zald, David H, and Zimmermann, Johannes

Published
2019

10. Individual Differences in Dopamine Are Associated with Reward Discounting in Clinical Groups But Not in Healthy Adults.

Author

Castrellon, Jaime J, Castrellon, Jaime J, Seaman, Kendra L, Crawford, Jennifer L, Young, Jacob S, Smith, Christopher T, Dang, Linh C, Hsu, Ming, Cowan, Ronald L, Zald, David H, Samanez-Larkin, Gregory R, Castrellon, Jaime J, Castrellon, Jaime J, Seaman, Kendra L, Crawford, Jennifer L, Young, Jacob S, Smith, Christopher T, Dang, Linh C, Hsu, Ming, Cowan, Ronald L, Zald, David H, and Samanez-Larkin, Gregory R

Abstract

Some people are more willing to make immediate, risky, or costly reward-focused choices than others, which has been hypothesized to be associated with individual differences in dopamine (DA) function. In two studies using PET imaging, one empirical (Study 1: N = 144 males and females across 3 samples) and one meta-analytic (Study 2: N = 307 across 12 samples), we sought to characterize associations between individual differences in DA and time, probability, and physical effort discounting in human adults. Study 1 demonstrated that individual differences in DA D2-like receptors were not associated with time or probability discounting of monetary rewards in healthy humans, and associations with physical effort discounting were inconsistent across adults of different ages. Meta-analytic results for temporal discounting corroborated our empirical finding for minimal effect of DA measures on discounting in healthy individuals but suggested that associations between individual differences in DA and reward discounting depend on clinical features. Addictions were characterized by negative correlations between DA and discounting, but other clinical conditions, such as Parkinson's disease, obesity, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, were characterized by positive correlations between DA and discounting. Together, the results suggest that trait differences in discounting in healthy adults do not appear to be strongly associated with individual differences in D2-like receptors. The difference in meta-analytic correlation effects between healthy controls and individuals with psychopathology suggests that individual difference findings related to DA and reward discounting in clinical samples may not be reliably generalized to healthy controls, and vice versa.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Decisions to forgo large rewards for smaller ones due to increasing time delays, uncertainty, or physical effort have been linked to differences in dopamine (DA) function, which is disrupted

Published
2019

11. Commentary on 'The Challenge of Transforming the Diagnostic System of Personality Disorders'.

Author

Hopwood, Christopher J, Hopwood, Christopher J, Krueger, Robert F, Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A, Althoff, Robert R, Ansell, Emily B, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R Michael, Blais, Mark A, Bornovalova, Marina A, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Conway, Christopher, De Clerq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R, Eaton, Nicholas R, Edens, John F, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hengartner, Michael P, Ivanova, Masha Y, Leising, Daniel, Lukowitsky, Mark R, Lynam, Donald R, Markon, Kristian E, Miller, Joshua D, Morey, Leslie C, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Ormel, Johan, Patrick, Christopher J, Pincus, Aaron L, Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B, Sellbom, Martin, Tackett, Jennifer L, Thomas, Katherine M, Trull, Timothy J, Vachon, David D, Waldman, Irwin D, Waszczuk, Monika A, Waugh, Mark H, Wright, Aidan GC, Yalch, Mathew M, Zald, David H, Zimmermann, Johannes, Hopwood, Christopher J, Hopwood, Christopher J, Krueger, Robert F, Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A, Althoff, Robert R, Ansell, Emily B, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R Michael, Blais, Mark A, Bornovalova, Marina A, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Conway, Christopher, De Clerq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R, Eaton, Nicholas R, Edens, John F, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hengartner, Michael P, Ivanova, Masha Y, Leising, Daniel, Lukowitsky, Mark R, Lynam, Donald R, Markon, Kristian E, Miller, Joshua D, Morey, Leslie C, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Ormel, Johan, Patrick, Christopher J, Pincus, Aaron L, Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B, Sellbom, Martin, Tackett, Jennifer L, Thomas, Katherine M, Trull, Timothy J, Vachon, David D, Waldman, Irwin D, Waszczuk, Monika A, Waugh, Mark H, Wright, Aidan GC, Yalch, Mathew M, Zald, David H, and Zimmermann, Johannes

Published
2019

12. A Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Can Transform Mental Health Research.

Author

Conway, Christopher C, Conway, Christopher C, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Fried, Eiko I, Hallquist, Michael N, Kotov, Roman, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Shackman, Alexander J, Skodol, Andrew E, South, Susan C, Sunderland, Matthew, Waszczuk, Monika A, Zald, David H, Afzali, Mohammad H, Bornovalova, Marina A, Carragher, Natacha, Docherty, Anna R, Jonas, Katherine G, Krueger, Robert F, Patalay, Praveetha, Pincus, Aaron L, Tackett, Jennifer L, Reininghaus, Ulrich, Waldman, Irwin D, Wright, Aidan GC, Zimmermann, Johannes, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R Michael, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Clark, Lee Anna, Dalgleish, Tim, DeYoung, Colin G, Hopwood, Christopher J, Ivanova, Masha Y, Latzman, Robert D, Patrick, Christopher J, Ruggero, Camilo J, Samuel, Douglas B, Watson, David, Eaton, Nicholas R, Conway, Christopher C, Conway, Christopher C, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Fried, Eiko I, Hallquist, Michael N, Kotov, Roman, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Shackman, Alexander J, Skodol, Andrew E, South, Susan C, Sunderland, Matthew, Waszczuk, Monika A, Zald, David H, Afzali, Mohammad H, Bornovalova, Marina A, Carragher, Natacha, Docherty, Anna R, Jonas, Katherine G, Krueger, Robert F, Patalay, Praveetha, Pincus, Aaron L, Tackett, Jennifer L, Reininghaus, Ulrich, Waldman, Irwin D, Wright, Aidan GC, Zimmermann, Johannes, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R Michael, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Clark, Lee Anna, Dalgleish, Tim, DeYoung, Colin G, Hopwood, Christopher J, Ivanova, Masha Y, Latzman, Robert D, Patrick, Christopher J, Ruggero, Camilo J, Samuel, Douglas B, Watson, David, and Eaton, Nicholas R

Abstract

For more than a century, research on psychopathology has focused on categorical diagnoses. Although this work has produced major discoveries, growing evidence points to the superiority of a dimensional approach to the science of mental illness. Here we outline one such dimensional system-the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)-that is based on empirical patterns of co-occurrence among psychological symptoms. We highlight key ways in which this framework can advance mental-health research, and we provide some heuristics for using HiTOP to test theories of psychopathology. We then review emerging evidence that supports the value of a hierarchical, dimensional model of mental illness across diverse research areas in psychological science. These new data suggest that the HiTOP system has the potential to accelerate and improve research on mental-health problems as well as efforts to more effectively assess, prevent, and treat mental illness.

Published
2019

13. Individual Differences in Dopamine Are Associated with Reward Discounting in Clinical Groups But Not in Healthy Adults.

Author

Castrellon, Jaime J, Castrellon, Jaime J, Seaman, Kendra L, Crawford, Jennifer L, Young, Jacob S, Smith, Christopher T, Dang, Linh C, Hsu, Ming, Cowan, Ronald L, Zald, David H, Samanez-Larkin, Gregory R, Castrellon, Jaime J, Castrellon, Jaime J, Seaman, Kendra L, Crawford, Jennifer L, Young, Jacob S, Smith, Christopher T, Dang, Linh C, Hsu, Ming, Cowan, Ronald L, Zald, David H, and Samanez-Larkin, Gregory R

Abstract

Some people are more willing to make immediate, risky, or costly reward-focused choices than others, which has been hypothesized to be associated with individual differences in dopamine (DA) function. In two studies using PET imaging, one empirical (Study 1: N = 144 males and females across 3 samples) and one meta-analytic (Study 2: N = 307 across 12 samples), we sought to characterize associations between individual differences in DA and time, probability, and physical effort discounting in human adults. Study 1 demonstrated that individual differences in DA D2-like receptors were not associated with time or probability discounting of monetary rewards in healthy humans, and associations with physical effort discounting were inconsistent across adults of different ages. Meta-analytic results for temporal discounting corroborated our empirical finding for minimal effect of DA measures on discounting in healthy individuals but suggested that associations between individual differences in DA and reward discounting depend on clinical features. Addictions were characterized by negative correlations between DA and discounting, but other clinical conditions, such as Parkinson's disease, obesity, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, were characterized by positive correlations between DA and discounting. Together, the results suggest that trait differences in discounting in healthy adults do not appear to be strongly associated with individual differences in D2-like receptors. The difference in meta-analytic correlation effects between healthy controls and individuals with psychopathology suggests that individual difference findings related to DA and reward discounting in clinical samples may not be reliably generalized to healthy controls, and vice versa.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Decisions to forgo large rewards for smaller ones due to increasing time delays, uncertainty, or physical effort have been linked to differences in dopamine (DA) function, which is disrupted

Published
2019

14. A Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Can Transform Mental Health Research

Author

Conway, Christopher C., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Fried, Eiko I., Hallquist, Michael N., Kotov, Roman, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew E., South, Susan C., Sunderland, Matthew, Waszczuk, Monika A., Zald, David H., Afzali, Mohammad H., Bornovalova, Marina A., Carragher, Natacha, Docherty, Anna R., Jonas, Katherine G., Krueger, Robert F., Patalay, Praveetha, Pincus, Aaron L., Tackett, Jennifer L., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Waldman, Irwin D., Wright, Aidan G.C., Zimmermann, Johannes, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R. Michael, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Dalgleish, Tim, DeYoung, Colin G., Hopwood, Christopher J., Ivanova, Masha Y., Latzman, Robert D., Patrick, Christopher J., Ruggero, Camilo J., Samuel, Douglas B., Watson, David, Eaton, Nicholas R., Conway, Christopher C., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Fried, Eiko I., Hallquist, Michael N., Kotov, Roman, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew E., South, Susan C., Sunderland, Matthew, Waszczuk, Monika A., Zald, David H., Afzali, Mohammad H., Bornovalova, Marina A., Carragher, Natacha, Docherty, Anna R., Jonas, Katherine G., Krueger, Robert F., Patalay, Praveetha, Pincus, Aaron L., Tackett, Jennifer L., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Waldman, Irwin D., Wright, Aidan G.C., Zimmermann, Johannes, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R. Michael, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Dalgleish, Tim, DeYoung, Colin G., Hopwood, Christopher J., Ivanova, Masha Y., Latzman, Robert D., Patrick, Christopher J., Ruggero, Camilo J., Samuel, Douglas B., Watson, David, and Eaton, Nicholas R.

Abstract

For more than a century, research on psychopathology has focused on categorical diagnoses. Although this work has produced major discoveries, growing evidence points to the superiority of a dimensional approach to the science of mental illness. Here we outline one such dimensional system—the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)—that is based on empirical patterns of co-occurrence among psychological symptoms. We highlight key ways in which this framework can advance mental-health research, and we provide some heuristics for using HiTOP to test theories of psychopathology. We then review emerging evidence that supports the value of a hierarchical, dimensional model of mental illness across diverse research areas in psychological science. These new data suggest that the HiTOP system has the potential to accelerate and improve research on mental-health problems as well as efforts to more effectively assess, prevent, and treat mental illness.

Published
2019

15. The time has come for dimensional personality disorder diagnosis.

Author

Hopwood, Christopher J, Hopwood, Christopher J, Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F, Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A, Althoff, Robert R, Ansell, Emily B, Bach, Bo, Michael Bagby, R, Blais, Mark A, Bornovalova, Marina A, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Conway, Christopher, De Clercq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R, Eaton, Nicholas R, Edens, John F, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hengartner, Michael P, Ivanova, Masha Y, Leising, Daniel, John Livesley, W, Lukowitsky, Mark R, Lynam, Donald R, Markon, Kristian E, Miller, Joshua D, Morey, Leslie C, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Hans Ormel, J, Patrick, Christopher J, Pincus, Aaron L, Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B, Sellbom, Martin, Slade, Tim, Tackett, Jennifer L, Thomas, Katherine M, Trull, Timothy J, Vachon, David D, Waldman, Irwin D, Waszczuk, Monika A, Waugh, Mark H, Wright, Aidan GC, Yalch, Mathew M, Zald, David H, Zimmermann, Johannes, Hopwood, Christopher J, Hopwood, Christopher J, Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F, Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A, Althoff, Robert R, Ansell, Emily B, Bach, Bo, Michael Bagby, R, Blais, Mark A, Bornovalova, Marina A, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Conway, Christopher, De Clercq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R, Eaton, Nicholas R, Edens, John F, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hengartner, Michael P, Ivanova, Masha Y, Leising, Daniel, John Livesley, W, Lukowitsky, Mark R, Lynam, Donald R, Markon, Kristian E, Miller, Joshua D, Morey, Leslie C, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Hans Ormel, J, Patrick, Christopher J, Pincus, Aaron L, Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B, Sellbom, Martin, Slade, Tim, Tackett, Jennifer L, Thomas, Katherine M, Trull, Timothy J, Vachon, David D, Waldman, Irwin D, Waszczuk, Monika A, Waugh, Mark H, Wright, Aidan GC, Yalch, Mathew M, Zald, David H, and Zimmermann, Johannes

Published
2018

16. Enhancing Psychosis-Spectrum Nosology Through an International Data Sharing Initiative.

Author

Docherty, Anna R, Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond CK, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O'Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, Cohen, Alex S, Docherty, Anna R, Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond CK, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O'Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, and Cohen, Alex S

Abstract

The latent structure of schizotypy and psychosis-spectrum symptoms remains poorly understood. Furthermore, molecular genetic substrates are poorly defined, largely due to the substantial resources required to collect rich phenotypic data across diverse populations. Sample sizes of phenotypic studies are often insufficient for advanced structural equation modeling approaches. In the last 50 years, efforts in both psychiatry and psychological science have moved toward (1) a dimensional model of psychopathology (eg, the current Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology [HiTOP] initiative), (2) an integration of methods and measures across traits and units of analysis (eg, the RDoC initiative), and (3) powerful, impactful study designs maximizing sample size to detect subtle genomic variation relating to complex traits (the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium [PGC]). These movements are important to the future study of the psychosis spectrum, and to resolving heterogeneity with respect to instrument and population. The International Consortium of Schizotypy Research is composed of over 40 laboratories in 12 countries, and to date, members have compiled a body of schizotypy- and psychosis-related phenotype data from more than 30000 individuals. It has become apparent that compiling data into a protected, relational database and crowdsourcing analytic and data science expertise will result in significant enhancement of current research on the structure and biological substrates of the psychosis spectrum. The authors present a data-sharing infrastructure similar to that of the PGC, and a resource-sharing infrastructure similar to that of HiTOP. This report details the rationale and benefits of the phenotypic data collective and presents an open invitation for participation.

Published
2018

17. Enhancing Psychosis-Spectrum Nosology Through an International Data Sharing Initiative

Author

Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond C K, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O'Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, Cohen, Alex S, Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond C K, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O'Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, and Cohen, Alex S

Published
2018

18. Enhancing Psychosis-Spectrum Nosology Through an International Data Sharing Initiative

Author

Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond C K, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O'Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, Cohen, Alex S, Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond C K, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O'Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, and Cohen, Alex S

Published
2018

19. The time has come for dimensional personality disorder diagnosis

Author

Hopwood, Christopher J., Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F., Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A., Althoff, Robert R., Ansell, Emily B., Bach, Bo, Michael Bagby, R., Blais, Mark A., Bornovalova, Marina A., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Conway, Christopher, De Clercq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Edens, John F., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hengartner, Michael Pascal, Ivanova, Masha Y., Leising, Daniel, John Livesley, W., Lukowitsky, Mark R., Lynam, Donald R., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Hans Ormel, J., Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Slade, Tim, Tackett, Jennifer L., Thomas, Katherine M., Trull, Timothy J., Vachon, David D., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Yalch, Mathew M., Zald, David H., Zimmermann, Johannes, Hopwood, Christopher J., Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F., Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A., Althoff, Robert R., Ansell, Emily B., Bach, Bo, Michael Bagby, R., Blais, Mark A., Bornovalova, Marina A., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Conway, Christopher, De Clercq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Edens, John F., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hengartner, Michael Pascal, Ivanova, Masha Y., Leising, Daniel, John Livesley, W., Lukowitsky, Mark R., Lynam, Donald R., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Hans Ormel, J., Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Slade, Tim, Tackett, Jennifer L., Thomas, Katherine M., Trull, Timothy J., Vachon, David D., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Yalch, Mathew M., Zald, David H., and Zimmermann, Johannes

Published
2018

20. Enhancing Psychosis-Spectrum Nosology Through an International Data Sharing Initiative.

Author

Docherty, Anna R, Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond CK, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O'Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, Cohen, Alex S, Docherty, Anna R, Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond CK, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O'Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, and Cohen, Alex S

Abstract

The latent structure of schizotypy and psychosis-spectrum symptoms remains poorly understood. Furthermore, molecular genetic substrates are poorly defined, largely due to the substantial resources required to collect rich phenotypic data across diverse populations. Sample sizes of phenotypic studies are often insufficient for advanced structural equation modeling approaches. In the last 50 years, efforts in both psychiatry and psychological science have moved toward (1) a dimensional model of psychopathology (eg, the current Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology [HiTOP] initiative), (2) an integration of methods and measures across traits and units of analysis (eg, the RDoC initiative), and (3) powerful, impactful study designs maximizing sample size to detect subtle genomic variation relating to complex traits (the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium [PGC]). These movements are important to the future study of the psychosis spectrum, and to resolving heterogeneity with respect to instrument and population. The International Consortium of Schizotypy Research is composed of over 40 laboratories in 12 countries, and to date, members have compiled a body of schizotypy- and psychosis-related phenotype data from more than 30000 individuals. It has become apparent that compiling data into a protected, relational database and crowdsourcing analytic and data science expertise will result in significant enhancement of current research on the structure and biological substrates of the psychosis spectrum. The authors present a data-sharing infrastructure similar to that of the PGC, and a resource-sharing infrastructure similar to that of HiTOP. This report details the rationale and benefits of the phenotypic data collective and presents an open invitation for participation.

Published
2018

21. The time has come for dimensional personality disorder diagnosis.

Author

Hopwood, Christopher J, Hopwood, Christopher J, Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F, Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A, Althoff, Robert R, Ansell, Emily B, Bach, Bo, Michael Bagby, R, Blais, Mark A, Bornovalova, Marina A, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Conway, Christopher, De Clercq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R, Eaton, Nicholas R, Edens, John F, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hengartner, Michael P, Ivanova, Masha Y, Leising, Daniel, John Livesley, W, Lukowitsky, Mark R, Lynam, Donald R, Markon, Kristian E, Miller, Joshua D, Morey, Leslie C, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Hans Ormel, J, Patrick, Christopher J, Pincus, Aaron L, Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B, Sellbom, Martin, Slade, Tim, Tackett, Jennifer L, Thomas, Katherine M, Trull, Timothy J, Vachon, David D, Waldman, Irwin D, Waszczuk, Monika A, Waugh, Mark H, Wright, Aidan GC, Yalch, Mathew M, Zald, David H, Zimmermann, Johannes, Hopwood, Christopher J, Hopwood, Christopher J, Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F, Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A, Althoff, Robert R, Ansell, Emily B, Bach, Bo, Michael Bagby, R, Blais, Mark A, Bornovalova, Marina A, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Conway, Christopher, De Clercq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R, Eaton, Nicholas R, Edens, John F, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Hengartner, Michael P, Ivanova, Masha Y, Leising, Daniel, John Livesley, W, Lukowitsky, Mark R, Lynam, Donald R, Markon, Kristian E, Miller, Joshua D, Morey, Leslie C, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Hans Ormel, J, Patrick, Christopher J, Pincus, Aaron L, Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B, Sellbom, Martin, Slade, Tim, Tackett, Jennifer L, Thomas, Katherine M, Trull, Timothy J, Vachon, David D, Waldman, Irwin D, Waszczuk, Monika A, Waugh, Mark H, Wright, Aidan GC, Yalch, Mathew M, Zald, David H, and Zimmermann, Johannes

Published
2018

22. Subjective value representations during effort, probability and time discounting across adulthood.

Author

Seaman, Kendra L, Seaman, Kendra L, Brooks, Nickolas, Karrer, Teresa M, Castrellon, Jaime J, Perkins, Scott F, Dang, Linh C, Hsu, Ming, Zald, David H, Samanez-Larkin, Gregory R, Seaman, Kendra L, Seaman, Kendra L, Brooks, Nickolas, Karrer, Teresa M, Castrellon, Jaime J, Perkins, Scott F, Dang, Linh C, Hsu, Ming, Zald, David H, and Samanez-Larkin, Gregory R

Abstract

Every day, humans make countless decisions that require the integration of information about potential benefits (i.e. rewards) with other decision features (i.e. effort required, probability of an outcome or time delays). Here, we examine the overlap and dissociation of behavioral preferences and neural representations of subjective value in the context of three different decision features (physical effort, probability and time delays) in a healthy adult life span sample. While undergoing functional neuroimaging, participants (N = 75) made incentive compatible choices between a smaller monetary reward with lower physical effort, higher probability, or a shorter time delay versus a larger monetary reward with higher physical effort, lower probability, or a longer time delay. Behavioral preferences were estimated from observed choices, and subjective values were computed using individual hyperbolic discount functions. We found that discount rates were uncorrelated across tasks. Despite this apparent behavioral dissociation between preferences, we found overlapping subjective value-related activity in the medial prefrontal cortex across all three tasks. We found no consistent evidence for age differences in either preferences or the neural representations of subjective value across adulthood. These results suggest that while the tolerance of decision features is behaviorally dissociable, subjective value signals share a common representation across adulthood.

Published
2018

23. Enhancing Psychosis-Spectrum Nosology Through an International Data Sharing Initiative

Author

Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond C K, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O'Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, Cohen, Alex S, Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond C K, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O'Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, and Cohen, Alex S

Published
2018

24. Enhancing Psychosis-Spectrum Nosology Through an International Data Sharing Initiative

Author

Hersenen-Medisch 1, Brain, Onderzoek, Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond C K, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O'Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, Cohen, Alex S, Hersenen-Medisch 1, Brain, Onderzoek, Docherty, Anna R, Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Debbané, Martin, Chan, Raymond C K, Linscott, Richard J, Jonas, Katherine G, Cicero, David C, Green, Melissa J, Simms, Leonard J, Mason, Oliver, Watson, David, Ettinger, Ulrich, Waszczuk, Monika, Rapp, Alexander, Grant, Phillip, Kotov, Roman, DeYoung, Colin G, Ruggero, Camilo J, Eaton, Nicolas R, Krueger, Robert F, Patrick, Christopher, Hopwood, Christopher, O'Neill, F Anthony, Zald, David H, Conway, Christopher C, Adkins, Daniel E, Waldman, Irwin D, van Os, Jim, Sullivan, Patrick F, Anderson, John S, Shabalin, Andrey A, Sponheim, Scott R, Taylor, Stephan F, Grazioplene, Rachel G, Bacanu, Silviu A, Bigdeli, Tim B, Haenschel, Corinna, Malaspina, Dolores, Gooding, Diane C, Nicodemus, Kristin, Schultze-Lutter, Frauke, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Mohr, Christine, Carpenter, William T, and Cohen, Alex S

Published
2018

25. The time has come for dimensional personality disorder diagnosis

Author

Hopwood, Christopher J., Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F., Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A., Althoff, Robert R., Ansell, Emily B., Bach, Bo, Michael Bagby, R., Blais, Mark A., Bornovalova, Marina A., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Conway, Christopher, De Clercq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Edens, John F., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hengartner, Michael Pascal, Ivanova, Masha Y., Leising, Daniel, John Livesley, W., Lukowitsky, Mark R., Lynam, Donald R., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Hans Ormel, J., Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Slade, Tim, Tackett, Jennifer L., Thomas, Katherine M., Trull, Timothy J., Vachon, David D., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Yalch, Mathew M., Zald, David H., Zimmermann, Johannes, Hopwood, Christopher J., Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F., Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A., Althoff, Robert R., Ansell, Emily B., Bach, Bo, Michael Bagby, R., Blais, Mark A., Bornovalova, Marina A., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Conway, Christopher, De Clercq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Edens, John F., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hengartner, Michael Pascal, Ivanova, Masha Y., Leising, Daniel, John Livesley, W., Lukowitsky, Mark R., Lynam, Donald R., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Hans Ormel, J., Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Slade, Tim, Tackett, Jennifer L., Thomas, Katherine M., Trull, Timothy J., Vachon, David D., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Yalch, Mathew M., Zald, David H., and Zimmermann, Johannes

Published
2018

26. Progress in achieving quantitative classification of psychopathology

Author

Krueger, Robert F., Kotov, Roman, Watson, David, Forbes, Miriam K., Eaton, Nicholas R., Ruggero, Camilo J., Simms, Leonard J., Widiger, Thomas A., Achenbach, Thomas M., Bach, Bo, Bagby, Robert Michael, Bornovalova, Marina A., Carpenter, William T., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Conway, Christopher, DeClercq, Barbara, DeYoung, Colin G., Docherty, Anna R., Drislane, Laura E., First, Michael B., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hallquist, Michael, Haltigan, John D., Hopwood, Christopher J, Ivanova, Masha Y., Jonas, Katherine G., Latzman, Robert D., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins‐Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patalay, Praveetha, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Regier, Darrel A., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Rescorla, Leslie A., Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew E., Slade, Tim, South, Susan Carol, Sunderland, Matthew, Tackett, Jennifer L., Venables, Noah C., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G. C., Zald, David H., Zimmermann, Johannes, Krueger, Robert F., Kotov, Roman, Watson, David, Forbes, Miriam K., Eaton, Nicholas R., Ruggero, Camilo J., Simms, Leonard J., Widiger, Thomas A., Achenbach, Thomas M., Bach, Bo, Bagby, Robert Michael, Bornovalova, Marina A., Carpenter, William T., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Conway, Christopher, DeClercq, Barbara, DeYoung, Colin G., Docherty, Anna R., Drislane, Laura E., First, Michael B., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hallquist, Michael, Haltigan, John D., Hopwood, Christopher J, Ivanova, Masha Y., Jonas, Katherine G., Latzman, Robert D., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins‐Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patalay, Praveetha, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Regier, Darrel A., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Rescorla, Leslie A., Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew E., Slade, Tim, South, Susan Carol, Sunderland, Matthew, Tackett, Jennifer L., Venables, Noah C., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G. C., Zald, David H., and Zimmermann, Johannes

Abstract

Shortcomings ofapproaches to classifying psychopathology based on expert consensus have given rise to contemporary efforts to classify psycho- pathology quantitatively. In this paper, we review progress in achieving a quantitative and empirical classification ofpsychopathology. A substan- tial empirical literature indicates that psychopathology is generally more dimensional than categorical. When the discreteness versus continuityof psychopathology is treated as a research question, as opposed to being decided as a matter oftradition, the evidence clearly supports the hypothesis ofcontinuity. In addition, a related body ofliterature shows how psychopathology dimensions can be arranged in a hierarchy, ranging from very broad “spectrum level” dimensions, to specific and narrow clusters ofsymptoms. In this way, a quantitative approach solves the “problem ofco- morbidity” by explicitly modeling patterns of co-occurrence among signs and symptoms within a detailed and variegated hierarchy ofdimension- al concepts with direct clinical utility. Indeed, extensive evidence pertaining to the dimensional and hierarchical structure ofpsychopathology has led to the formation ofthe Hierarchical Taxonomy ofPsychopathology (HiTOP) Consortium. This is a group of70 investigators working together to study empirical classification ofpsychopathology. In this paper, we describe the aims and current foci ofthe HiTOP Consortium. These aims pertain to continued research on the empirical organization ofpsychopathology; the connection between personality and psychopathology; the utility ofempirically based psychopathology constructs in both research and the clinic; and the development ofnovel and comprehensive models and corresponding assessment instruments for psychopathology constructs derived from an empirical approach.

Published
2018

27. The time has come for dimensional personality disorder diagnosis

Author

Hopwood, Christopher J, Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F., Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A., Althoff, Robert R., Ansell, Emily B., Bach, Bo, Michael Bagby, R., Blais, Mark A., Bornovalova, Marina A., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Conway, Christopher, De Clercq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Edens, John F., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hengartner, Michael P., Ivanova, Masha Y., Leising, Daniel, John Livesley, W., Lukowitsky, Mark R., Lynam, Donald R., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Hans Ormel, J., Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Slade, Tim, Tackett, Jennifer L., Thomas, Katherine M., Trull, Timothy J., Vachon, David D., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G. C., Yalch, Matthew M., Zald, David H., Zimmermann, Johannes, Hopwood, Christopher J, Kotov, Roman, Krueger, Robert F., Watson, David, Widiger, Thomas A., Althoff, Robert R., Ansell, Emily B., Bach, Bo, Michael Bagby, R., Blais, Mark A., Bornovalova, Marina A., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Conway, Christopher, De Clercq, Barbara, De Fruyt, Filip, Docherty, Anna R., Eaton, Nicholas R., Edens, John F., Forbes, Miriam K., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hengartner, Michael P., Ivanova, Masha Y., Leising, Daniel, John Livesley, W., Lukowitsky, Mark R., Lynam, Donald R., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Hans Ormel, J., Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Ruggero, Camilo, Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Slade, Tim, Tackett, Jennifer L., Thomas, Katherine M., Trull, Timothy J., Vachon, David D., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G. C., Yalch, Matthew M., Zald, David H., and Zimmermann, Johannes

Published
2018

28. Individual differences in timing of peak positive subjective responses to d-amphetamine: Relationship to pharmacokinetics and physiology.

Author

Smith, Christopher T, Smith, Christopher T, Weafer, Jessica, Cowan, Ronald L, Kessler, Robert M, Palmer, Abraham A, de Wit, Harriet, Zald, David H, Smith, Christopher T, Smith, Christopher T, Weafer, Jessica, Cowan, Ronald L, Kessler, Robert M, Palmer, Abraham A, de Wit, Harriet, and Zald, David H

Abstract

Rate of delivery of psychostimulants has been associated with their positive euphoric effects and potential addiction liability. However, information on individual differences in onset of d-amphetamine's effects remains scarce. We examined individual differences in the time to peak subjective and physiological effects and the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of oral d-amphetamine. We considered two independent studies that used different dosing regimens where subjects completed the drug effects questionnaire at multiple time points post d-amphetamine. Based on the observation of distinct individual differences in time course of drug effects questionnaire "feel", "high", and "like" ratings (DEQH+L+F) in Study 1, subjects in both studies were categorized as early peak responders (peak within 60 minutes), late peak responders (peak > 60 minutes) or nonresponders; 20-25% of participants were categorized as early peak responders, 50-55% as late peak responders and 20-30% as nonresponders. Physiological (both studies) and plasma d-amphetamine (Study 1) were compared among these groups. Early peak responders exhibited an earlier rise in plasma d-amphetamine levels and more sustained elevation in heart rate compared to late peak responders. The present data illustrate the presence of significant individual differences in the temporal pattern of responses to oral d-amphetamine, which may contribute to heightened abuse potential.

Published
2016

29. Individual differences in timing of peak positive subjective responses to d-amphetamine: Relationship to pharmacokinetics and physiology.

Author

Smith, Christopher T, Smith, Christopher T, Weafer, Jessica, Cowan, Ronald L, Kessler, Robert M, Palmer, Abraham A, de Wit, Harriet, Zald, David H, Smith, Christopher T, Smith, Christopher T, Weafer, Jessica, Cowan, Ronald L, Kessler, Robert M, Palmer, Abraham A, de Wit, Harriet, and Zald, David H

Abstract

Rate of delivery of psychostimulants has been associated with their positive euphoric effects and potential addiction liability. However, information on individual differences in onset of d-amphetamine's effects remains scarce. We examined individual differences in the time to peak subjective and physiological effects and the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of oral d-amphetamine. We considered two independent studies that used different dosing regimens where subjects completed the drug effects questionnaire at multiple time points post d-amphetamine. Based on the observation of distinct individual differences in time course of drug effects questionnaire "feel", "high", and "like" ratings (DEQH+L+F) in Study 1, subjects in both studies were categorized as early peak responders (peak within 60 minutes), late peak responders (peak > 60 minutes) or nonresponders; 20-25% of participants were categorized as early peak responders, 50-55% as late peak responders and 20-30% as nonresponders. Physiological (both studies) and plasma d-amphetamine (Study 1) were compared among these groups. Early peak responders exhibited an earlier rise in plasma d-amphetamine levels and more sustained elevation in heart rate compared to late peak responders. The present data illustrate the presence of significant individual differences in the temporal pattern of responses to oral d-amphetamine, which may contribute to heightened abuse potential.

Published
2016

30. Adult age differences in decision making across domains: Increased discounting of social and health-related rewards.

Author

Seaman, Kendra L, Seaman, Kendra L, Gorlick, Marissa A, Vekaria, Kruti M, Hsu, Ming, Zald, David H, Samanez-Larkin, Gregory R, Seaman, Kendra L, Seaman, Kendra L, Gorlick, Marissa A, Vekaria, Kruti M, Hsu, Ming, Zald, David H, and Samanez-Larkin, Gregory R

Abstract

Although research on aging and decision making continues to grow, the majority of studies examine decisions made to maximize monetary earnings or points. It is not clear whether these results generalize to other types of rewards. To investigate this, we examined adult age differences in 92 healthy participants aged 22 to 83. Participants completed 9 hypothetical discounting tasks, which included 3 types of discounting factors (time, probability, effort) across 3 reward domains (monetary, social, health). Participants made choices between a smaller magnitude reward with a shorter time delay/higher probability/lower level of physical effort required and a larger magnitude reward with a longer time delay/lower probability/higher level of physical effort required. Older compared with younger individuals were more likely to choose options that involved shorter time delays or higher probabilities of experiencing an interaction with a close social partner or receiving health benefits from a hypothetical drug. These findings suggest that older adults may be more motivated than young adults to obtain social and health rewards immediately and with certainty. (PsycINFO Database Record

Published
2016

31. Mapping Heritability of Large-Scale Brain Networks with a Billion Connections {\em via} Persistent Homology

Author

Chung, Moo K., Vilalta-Gil, Victoria, Rathouz, Paul J., Lahey, Benjamin B., Zald, David H., Chung, Moo K., Vilalta-Gil, Victoria, Rathouz, Paul J., Lahey, Benjamin B., and Zald, David H.

Abstract

In many human brain network studies, we do not have sufficient number (n) of images relative to the number (p) of voxels due to the prohibitively expensive cost of scanning enough subjects. Thus, brain network models usually suffer the small-n large-p problem. Such a problem is often remedied by sparse network models, which are usually solved numerically by optimizing L1-penalties. Unfortunately, due to the computational bottleneck associated with optimizing L1-penalties, it is not practical to apply such methods to construct large-scale brain networks at the voxel-level. In this paper, we propose a new scalable sparse network model using cross-correlations that bypass the computational bottleneck. Our model can build sparse brain networks at the voxel level with p > 25000. Instead of using a single sparse parameter that may not be optimal in other studies and datasets, the computational speed gain enables us to analyze the collection of networks at every possible sparse parameter in a coherent mathematical framework via persistent homology. The method is subsequently applied in determining the extent of heritability on a functional brain network at the voxel-level for the first time using twin fMRI.

Published
2015

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