Author: "Xu., Bin" / Publication Type: Electronic Resources - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

314 results on '"Xu., Bin"'

1. Block Encodings of Discrete Subgroups on Quantum Computer

Author: Lamm, Henry, Li, Ying-Ying, Shu, Jing, Wang, Yi-Lin, Xu, Bin, Lamm, Henry, Li, Ying-Ying, Shu, Jing, Wang, Yi-Lin, and Xu, Bin
Abstract: We introduce a block encoding method for mapping discrete subgroups to qubits on a quantum computer. This method is applicable to general discrete groups, including crystal-like subgroups such as $\mathbb{BI}$ of $SU(2)$ and $\mathbb{V}$ of $SU(3)$. We detail the construction of primitive gates -- the inversion gate, the group multiplication gate, the trace gate, and the group Fourier gate -- utilizing this encoding method for $\mathbb{BT}$ and for the first time $\mathbb{BI}$ group. We also provide resource estimations to extract the gluon viscosity. The inversion gates for $\mathbb{BT}$ and $\mathbb{BI}$ are benchmarked on the $\texttt{Baiwang}$ quantum computer with estimated fidelities of $40^{+5}_{-4}\%$ and $4^{+5}_{-3}\%$ respectively., Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures
Published: 2024

2. Non-volatile magnon transport in a single domain multiferroic.

Author: Husain, Sajid, Husain, Sajid, Harris, Isaac, Meisenheimer, Peter, Mantri, Sukriti, Li, Xinyan, Ramesh, Maya, Behera, Piush, Taghinejad, Hossein, Kim, Jaegyu, Kavle, Pravin, Zhou, Shiyu, Kim, Tae, Zhang, Hongrui, Stevenson, Paul, Analitis, James, Schlom, Darrell, Salahuddin, Sayeef, Íñiguez-González, Jorge, Xu, Bin, Martin, Lane, Caretta, Lucas, Han, Yimo, Bellaiche, Laurent, Yao, Zhi, Ramesh, Ramamoorthy, Husain, Sajid, Husain, Sajid, Harris, Isaac, Meisenheimer, Peter, Mantri, Sukriti, Li, Xinyan, Ramesh, Maya, Behera, Piush, Taghinejad, Hossein, Kim, Jaegyu, Kavle, Pravin, Zhou, Shiyu, Kim, Tae, Zhang, Hongrui, Stevenson, Paul, Analitis, James, Schlom, Darrell, Salahuddin, Sayeef, Íñiguez-González, Jorge, Xu, Bin, Martin, Lane, Caretta, Lucas, Han, Yimo, Bellaiche, Laurent, Yao, Zhi, and Ramesh, Ramamoorthy
Abstract: Antiferromagnets have attracted significant attention in the field of magnonics, as promising candidates for ultralow-energy carriers for information transfer for future computing. The role of crystalline orientation distribution on magnon transport has received very little attention. In multiferroics such as BiFeO3 the coupling between antiferromagnetic and polar order imposes yet another boundary condition on spin transport. Thus, understanding the fundamentals of spin transport in such systems requires a single domain, a single crystal. We show that through Lanthanum (La) substitution, a single ferroelectric domain can be engineered with a stable, single-variant spin cycloid, controllable by an electric field. The spin transport in such a single domain displays a strong anisotropy, arising from the underlying spin cycloid lattice. Our work shows a pathway to understanding the fundamental origins of magnon transport in such a single domain multiferroic.
Published: 2024

3. Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950–2021, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Schumacher, A, Kyu, H, Aali, A, Abbafati, C, Abbas, J, Abbasgholizadeh, R, Abbasi, M, Abbasian, M, Abd ElHafeez, S, Abdelmasseh, M, Abd-Elsalam, S, Abdelwahab, A, Abdollahi, M, Abdoun, M, Abdullahi, A, Abdurehman, A, Abebe, M, Abedi, A, Abegaz, T, Abeldaño Zuñiga, R, Abhilash, E, Abiodun, O, Aboagye, R, Abolhassani, H, Abouzid, M, Abreu, L, Abrha, W, Abrigo, M, Abtahi, D, Abu Rumeileh, S, Abu-Rmeileh, N, Aburuz, S, Abu-Zaid, A, Acuna, J, Adair, T, Addo, I, Adebayo, O, Adegboye, O, Adekanmbi, V, Aden, B, Adepoju, A, Adetunji, C, Adeyeoluwa, T, Adeyomoye, O, Adha, R, Adibi, A, Adikusuma, W, Adnani, Q, Adra, S, Afework, A, Afolabi, A, Afraz, A, Afyouni, S, Afzal, S, Agasthi, P, Aghamiri, S, Agodi, A, Agyemang-Duah, W, Ahinkorah, B, Ahmad, A, Ahmad, D, Ahmad, F, Ahmad, M, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, K, Ahmadzade, A, Ahmadzade, M, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, H, Ahmed, L, Ahmed, M, Ahmed, S, Ajami, M, Aji, B, Ajumobi, O, Akalu, G, Akara, E, Akinosoglou, K, Akkala, S, Akyirem, S, Al Hamad, H, Al Hasan, S, Al Homsi, A, Al Qadire, M, Ala, M, Aladelusi, T, AL-Ahdal, T, Alalalmeh, S, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Alam, M, Alam, Z, Al-amer, R, Alanezi, F, Alanzi, T, Albashtawy, M, Albataineh, M, Aldridge, R, Alemi, S, Al-Eyadhy, A, Al-Gheethi, A, Alhabib, K, Alhalaiqa, F, Al-Hanawi, M, Ali, A, Ali, B, Ali, H, Ali, M, Ali, R, Ali, S, Ali, Z, Alian Samakkhah, S, Alicandro, G, Alif, S, Aligol, M, Alimi, R, Aliyi, A, Al-Jumaily, A, Aljunid, S, Almahmeed, W, Al-Marwani, S, Al-Maweri, S, Almazan, J, Al-Mekhlafi, H, Almidani, O, Alomari, M, Alonso, N, Alqahtani, J, Alqutaibi, A, Al-Sabah, S, Altaf, A, Al-Tawfiq, J, Altirkawi, K, Alvi, F, Alwafi, H, Al-Worafi, Y, Aly, H, Alzoubi, K, Amare, A, Ameyaw, E, Amhare, A, Amin, T, Amindarolzarbi, A, Aminian Dehkordi, J, Amiri, S, Amu, H, Amugsi, D, Amzat, J, Ancuceanu, R, Anderlini, D, Andrade, P, Andrei, C, Andrei, T, Angappan, D, Anil, A, Anjum, A, Antony, C, Antriyandarti, E, Anuoluwa, I, Anwar, S, Anyasodor, A, Appiah, S, Aqeel, M, Arabloo, J, Arabzadeh Bahri, R, Arab-Zozani, M, Arafat, M, Araújo, A, Aravkin, A, Aremu, A, Ariffin, H, Aripov, T, Armocida, B, Arooj, M, Artamonov, A, Artanti, K, Arulappan, J, Aruleba, I, Aruleba, R, Arumugam, A, Asaad, M, Asgary, S, Ashemo, M, Ashraf, M, Asika, M, Athari, S, Atout, M, Atreya, A, Attia, S, Aujayeb, A, Avan, A, Awotidebe, A, Ayala Quintanilla, B, Ayanore, M, Ayele, G, Ayuso-Mateos, J, Ayyoubzadeh, S, Azadnajafabad, S, Azhar, G, Aziz, S, Azzam, A, Babashahi, M, Babu, A, Badar, M, Badawi, A, Badiye, A, Baghdadi, S, Bagheri, N, Bagherieh, S, Bah, S, Bahadorikhalili, S, Bai, J, Bai, R, Baker, J, Bakkannavar, S, Bako, A, Balakrishnan, S, Balogun, S, Baltatu, O, Bam, K, Banach, M, Bandyopadhyay, S, Banik, B, Banik, P, Bansal, H, Barati, S, Barchitta, M, Bardhan, M, Barker-Collo, S, Barone-Adesi, F, Barqawi, H, Barr, R, Barrero, L, Basharat, Z, Bashir, A, Bashiru, H, Baskaran, P, Basnyat, B, Bassat, Q, Basso, J, Basu, S, Batra, K, Batra, R, Baune, B, Bayati, M, Bayileyegn, N, Beaney, T, Bedi, N, Begum, T, Behboudi, E, Behnoush, A, Beiranvand, M, Bejarano Ramirez, D, Belgaumi, U, Bell, M, Bello, A, Bello, M, Bello, O, Belo, L, Beloukas, A, Bendak, S, Bennett, D, Bensenor, I, Benzian, H, Berezvai, Z, Berman, A, Bermudez, A, Bettencourt, P, Beyene, H, Beyene, K, Bhagat, D, Bhagavathula, A, Bhala, N, Bhalla, A, Bhandari, D, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhargava, A, Bhaskar, S, Bhat, V, Bhatti, G, Bhatti, J, Bhatti, M, Bhatti, R, Bhutta, Z, Bikbov, B, Binmadi, N, Bintoro, B, Biondi, A, Bisignano, C, Bisulli, F, Biswas, A, Biswas, R, Bitaraf, S, Bjørge, T, Bleyer, A, Boampong, M, Bodolica, V, Bodunrin, A, Bolarinwa, O, Bonakdar Hashemi, M, Bonny, A, Bora, K, Bora Basara, B, Borodo, S, Borschmann, R, Botero Carvajal, A, Bouaoud, S, Boudalia, S, Boyko, E, Bragazzi, N, Braithwaite, D, Brenner, H, Britton, G, Browne, A, Brunoni, A, Bulamu, N, Bulto, L, Buonsenso, D, Burkart, K, Burns, R, Burugina Nagaraja, S, Busse, R, Bustanji, Y, Butt, Z, Caetano dos Santos, F, Cai, T, Calina, D, Cámera, L, Campos, L, Campos-Nonato, I, Cao, C, Cardenas, C, Cárdenas, R, Carr, S, Carreras, G, Carrero, J, Carugno, A, Carvalho, F, Carvalho, M, Castaldelli-Maia, J, Castañeda-Orjuela, C, Castelpietra, G, Catalá-López, F, Catapano, A, Cattaruzza, M, Caye, A, Cederroth, C, Cembranel, F, Cenderadewi, M, Cercy, K, Cerin, E, Cevik, M, Chacón-Uscamaita, P, Chahine, Y, Chakraborty, C, Chan, J, Chang, C, Charalampous, P, Charan, J, Chattu, V, Chatzimavridou-Grigoriadou, V, Chavula, M, Cheema, H, Chen, A, Chen, H, Chen, L, Chen, M, Chen, S, Cherbuin, N, Chew, D, Chi, G, Chirinos-Caceres, J, Chitheer, A, Cho, S, Cho, W, Chong, B, Chopra, H, Choudhary, R, Chowdhury, R, Chu, D, Chukwu, I, Chung, E, Chung, S, Cini, K, Clark, C, Coberly, K, Columbus, A, Comfort, H, Conde, J, Conti, S, Cortesi, P, Costa, V, Cousin, E, Cowden, R, Criqui, M, Cruz-Martins, N, Culbreth, G, Cullen, P, Cunningham, M, da Silva e Silva, D, Dadana, S, Dadras, O, Dai, Z, Dalal, K, Dalli, L, Damiani, G, D'Amico, E, Daneshvar, S, Darwesh, A, Das, J, Das, S, Dash, N, Dashti, M, Dávila-Cervantes, C, Davis Weaver, N, Davletov, K, De Leo, D, Debele, A, Degenhardt, L, Dehbandi, R, Deitesfeld, L, Delgado-Enciso, I, Delgado-Ortiz, L, Demant, D, Demessa, B, Demetriades, A, Deng, X, Denova-Gutiérrez, E, Deribe, K, Dervenis, N, Des Jarlais, D, Desai, H, Desai, R, Deuba, K, Devanbu, V, Dey, S, Dhali, A, Dhama, K, Dhimal, M, Dhingra, S, Dias da Silva, D, Diaz, D, Dima, A, Ding, D, Dirac, M, Dixit, A, Dixit, S, Do, T, do Prado, C, Dodangeh, M, Dokova, K, Dolecek, C, Dorsey, E, dos Santos, W, Doshi, R, Doshmangir, L, Douiri, A, Dowou, R, Driscoll, T, Dsouza, H, Dube, J, Dumith, S, Dunachie, S, Duncan, B, Duraes, A, Duraisamy, S, Durojaiye, O, Dutta, S, Dzianach, P, Dziedzic, A, Ebenezer, O, Eboreime, E, Ebrahimi, A, Echieh, C, Ed-Dra, A, Edinur, H, Edvardsson, D, Edvardsson, K, Efendi, D, Efendi, F, Eghdami, S, Eikemo, T, Eini, E, Ekholuenetale, M, Ekpor, E, Ekundayo, T, El Arab, R, El Morsi, D, El Sayed Zaki, M, El Tantawi, M, Elbarazi, I, Elemam, N, Elgar, F, Elgendy, I, Elgohary, G, Elhabashy, H, Elhadi, M, Elmeligy, O, Elshaer, M, Elsohaby, I, Emami Zeydi, A, Emamverdi, M, Emeto, T, Engelbert Bain, L, Erkhembayar, R, Eshetie, T, Eskandarieh, S, Espinosa-Montero, J, Estep, K, Etaee, F, Eze, U, Fabin, N, Fadaka, A, Fagbamigbe, A, Fahimi, S, Falzone, L, Farinha, C, Faris, M, Farjoud Kouhanjani, M, Faro, A, Farrokhpour, H, Fatehizadeh, A, Fattahi, H, Fauk, N, Fazeli, P, Feigin, V, Fekadu, G, Fereshtehnejad, S, Feroze, A, Ferrante, D, Ferrara, P, Ferreira, N, Fetensa, G, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Flavel, J, Flaxman, A, Flor, L, Florin, B, Folayan, M, Foley, K, Fomenkov, A, Force, L, Fornari, C, Foroutan, B, Foschi, M, Francis, K, Franklin, R, Freitas, A, Friedman, J, Friedman, S, Fukumoto, T, Fuller, J, Gaal, P, Gadanya, M, Gaihre, S, Gaipov, A, Gakidou, E, Galali, Y, Galehdar, N, Gallus, S, Gan, Q, Gandhi, A, Ganesan, B, Garg, J, Gau, S, Gautam, P, Gautam, R, Gazzelloni, F, Gebregergis, M, Gebrehiwot, M, Gebremariam, T, Gerema, U, Getachew, M, Getachew, T, Gething, P, Ghafourifard, M, Ghahramani, S, Ghailan, K, Ghajar, A, Ghanbarnia, M, Ghasemi, M, Ghasemzadeh, A, Ghassemi, F, Ghazy, R, Ghimire, S, Gholamian, A, Gholamrezanezhad, A, Ghorbani Vajargah, P, Ghozali, G, Ghozy, S, Ghuge, A, Gialluisi, A, Gibson, R, Gil, A, Gill, P, Gill, T, Gillum, R, Ginindza, T, Girmay, A, Glasbey, J, Gnedovskaya, E, Göbölös, L, Goel, A, Goldust, M, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Golestanfar, A, Golinelli, D, Gona, P, Goudarzi, H, Goudarzian, A, Goyal, A, Greenhalgh, S, Grivna, M, Guarducci, G, Gubari, M, Gudeta, M, Guha, A, Guicciardi, S, Gunawardane, D, Gunturu, S, Guo, C, Gupta, A, Gupta, B, Gupta, I, Gupta, R, Gupta, S, Gupta, V, Gutiérrez, R, Habibzadeh, F, Habibzadeh, P, Hachinski, V, Haddadi, M, Haddadi, R, Haep, N, Hajj Ali, A, Halboub, E, Halim, S, Hall, B, Haller, S, Halwani, R, Hamadeh, R, Hamagharib Abdullah, K, Hamidi, S, Hamiduzzaman, M, Hammoud, A, Hanifi, N, Hankey, G, Hannan, M, Haque, M, Harapan, H, Haro, J, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, F, Hasan, I, Hasan, M, Hasani, H, Hasanian, M, Hasanpour- Dehkordi, A, Hassan, A, Hassanian-Moghaddam, H, Hassanipour, S, Haubold, J, Havmoeller, R, Hay, S, Hbid, Y, Hebert, J, Hegazi, O, Heidari, G, Heidari, M, Heidari-Foroozan, M, Heidari-Soureshjani, R, Helfer, B, Herteliu, C, Hesami, H, Hettiarachchi, D, Heyi, D, Hezam, K, Hiraike, Y, Hoffman, H, Holla, R, Horita, N, Hossain, M, Hossain, S, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, H, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Hsairi, M, Hsieh, V, Hu, C, Huang, J, Huda, M, Hugo, F, Hultström, M, Hussain, J, Hussain, S, Hussein, N, Huy, L, Huynh, H, Hwang, B, Ibitoye, S, Idowu, O, Ijo, D, Ikuta, K, Ilaghi, M, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Immurana, M, Inbaraj, L, Iradukunda, A, Iravanpour, F, Iregbu, K, Islam, M, Islam, S, Islami, F, Ismail, N, Isola, G, Iwagami, M, Iwu, C, Iwu-Jaja, C, Iyer, M, J, L, Jaafari, J, Jacob, L, Jacobsen, K, Jadidi-Niaragh, F, Jafarinia, M, Jaggi, K, Jahankhani, K, Jahanmehr, N, Jahrami, H, Jain, A, Jain, N, Jairoun, A, Jakovljevic, M, Jalilzadeh Yengejeh, R, Jamshidi, E, Jani, C, Janko, M, Jatau, A, Jayapal, S, Jayaram, S, Jeganathan, J, Jema, A, Jemere, D, Jeong, W, Jha, A, Jha, R, Ji, J, Jiang, H, Jin, Y, Johnson, O, Jomehzadeh, N, Jones, D, Joo, T, Joseph, A, Joseph, N, Joshua, C, Jozwiak, J, Jürisson, M, Kaambwa, B, Kabir, A, Kabir, H, Kabir, Z, Kadashetti, V, Kahe, F, Kakodkar, P, Kalani, R, Kalankesh, L, Kaliyadan, F, Kalra, S, Kamath, A, Kamireddy, A, Kanagasabai, T, Kandel, H, Kanmiki, E, Kanmodi, K, Kantar, R, Kapoor, N, Karajizadeh, M, Karami Matin, B, Karanth, S, Karaye, I, Karim, A, Karimi, H, Karimi, S, Karimi Behnagh, A, Karkhah, S, Karna, A, Kashoo, F, Kasraei, H, Kassaw, N, Kassebaum, N, Kassel, M, Katamreddy, A, Katikireddi, S, Katoto, P, Kauppila, J, Kaur, N, Kaydi, N, Kayibanda, J, Kayode, G, Kazemi, F, Kazemian, S, Kazeminia, S, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Keller, C, Kempen, J, Kerr, J, Kesse-Guyot, E, Keykhaei, M, Khadembashiri, M, Khafaie, M, Khajuria, H, Khalafi, M, Khalaji, A, Khalid, N, Khalil, I, Khamesipour, F, Khan, A, Khan, G, Khan, I, Khan, M, Khan, T, Khan suheb, M, Khanmohammadi, S, Khatab, K, Khatami, F, Khavandegar, A, Khayat Kashani, H, Kheirallah, K, Khidri, F, Khodadoust, E, Khormali, M, Khosrowjerdi, M, Khubchandani, J, Khusun, H, Kifle, Z, Kim, G, Kim, J, Kimokoti, R, Kinzel, K, Kiross, G, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kiss, J, Kivimäki, M, Klu, D, Knudsen, A, Kolahi, A, Kompani, F, Koren, G, Kosen, S, Kostev, K, Kotnis, A, Koul, P, Koulmane Laxminarayana, S, Koyanagi, A, Kravchenko, M, Krishan, K, Krishna, H, Krishnamoorthy, V, Krishnamoorthy, Y, Krohn, K, Kuate Defo, B, Kubeisy, C, Kucuk Bicer, B, Kuddus, M, Kuitunen, I, Kujan, O, Kulimbet, M, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, A, Kumar, H, Kumar, N, Kumar, R, Kumar, S, Kumari, M, Kurmanova, A, Kurmi, O, Kusnali, A, Kusuma, D, Kutluk, T, Kuttikkattu, A, Kyei, E, Kyriopoulos, I, La Vecchia, C, Ladan, M, Laflamme, L, Lahariya, C, Lahmar, A, Lai, D, Laksono, T, Lal, D, Lalloo, R, Lallukka, T, Lám, J, Lamnisos, D, Lan, T, Lanfranchi, F, Langguth, B, Lansingh, V, Laplante-Lévesque, A, Larijani, B, Larsson, A, Lasrado, S, Latief, K, Latif, M, Latifinaibin, K, Lauriola, P, Le, L, Le, N, Le, T, Lee, M, Lee, P, Lee, S, Lee, W, Lee, Y, Legesse, S, Leigh, J, Lenzi, J, Leong, E, Lerango, T, Li, M, Li, W, Li, X, Li, Y, Li, Z, Libra, M, Ligade, V, Likaka, A, Lim, L, Lin, R, Lin, S, Lioutas, V, Listl, S, Liu, J, Liu, S, Liu, X, Livingstone, K, Llanaj, E, Lo, C, Loreche, A, Lorenzovici, L, Lotfi, M, Lotfizadeh, M, Lozano, R, Lubinda, J, Lucchetti, G, Lugo, A, Lunevicius, R, Ma, J, Ma, S, Ma, Z, Mabrok, M, Machairas, N, Machoy, M, Madsen, C, Magaña Gómez, J, Maghazachi, A, Maharaj, S, Maharjan, P, Mahjoub, S, Mahmoud, M, Mahmoudi, E, Mahmoudi, M, Makram, O, Malagón-Rojas, J, Malakan Rad, E, Malekzadeh, R, Malhotra, A, Malhotra, K, Malik, A, Malik, I, Malinga, L, Malta, D, Mamun, A, Manla, Y, Mannan, F, Mansoori, Y, Mansour, A, Mansouri, V, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, 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Dora, Silva, João Pedro, Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues, Silva, Soraia, Simões, Jorge Piano, Simpson, Colin R, Singal, Anjali, Singh, Abhinav, Singh, Aditya, Singh, Ambrish, Singh, Balbir Bagicha, Singh, Baljinder, Singh, Mahendra, Singh, Mayank, Singh, Narinder Pal, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Siraj, Md Shahjahan, Sitas, Freddy, Sivakumar, Shravan, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Sleet, David A, Slepak, Erica Leigh N, Sohrabi, Hanye, Soleimani, Hamidreza, Soliman, Sameh S M, Solmi, Marco, Solomon, Yonatan, Song, Yimeng, Sorensen, Reed J D, Soriano, Joan B, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Spartalis, Michael, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Starnes, Joseph R, Starodubov, Vladimir I, Starodubova, Antonina V, Stefan, Simona Cătălina, Stein, Dan J, Steinbeis, Fridolin, Steiropoulos, Paschalis, Stockfelt, Leo, Stokes, Mark A, Stortecky, Stefan, Stranges, Saverio, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, Suleman, Muhammad, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan, Sultana, Abida, Sun, Jing, Sunkersing, David, Susanty, Sri, Swain, Chandan Kumar, Sykes, Bryan L, Szarpak, Lukasz, Szeto, Mindy D, Szócska, Miklós, Tabaee Damavandi, Payam, Tabatabaei Malazy, Ozra, Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Amir, Tabatabai, Shima, Tabb, Karen M, Tabish, Mohammad, Taborda-Barata, Luis M, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tadesse, Birkneh Tilahun, Taheri, Amirmasoud, Taheri Abkenar, Yasaman, Taheri Soodejani, Moslem, Taherkhani, Amir, Taiba, Jabeen, Tajbakhsh, Ardeshir, Talaat, Iman M, Talukder, Ashis, Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tang, Haosu, Tang, Hong K, Tat, Nathan Y, Tat, Vivian Y, Tavakoli Oliaee, Razieh, Tavangar, Seyed Mohammad, Taveira, Nuno, Tebeje, Tsion Mulat, Tefera, Yibekal Manaye, Teimoori, Mojtaba, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Temsah, Reem Mohamad Hani, Teramoto, Masayuki, Tesfaye, Solomon Hailemariam, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Thapa, Rajshree, Thapar, Rekha, Thomas, Nihal, Thrift, Amanda G, Thum, Chern Choong Chern, Tian, Jing, Tichopad, Ales, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Tohidast, Seyed Abolfazl, Tonelli, Marcello, Touvier, Mathilde, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tram, Khai Hoan, Tran, Nghia Minh, Trico, Domenico, Trihandini, Indang, Tromans, Samuel Joseph, Truong, Vien T, Truyen, Thien Tan Tri Tai, Tsermpini, Evangelia Eirini, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Tung, Kang, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ubah, Chukwudi S, Udoakang, Aniefiok John, Udoh, Arit, Ulhaq, Inam, Ullah, Saeed, Ullah, Sana, Umair, Muhammad, Umar, Tungki Pratama, Umeokonkwo, Chukwuma David, Umesh, Anushri, Unim, Brigid, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Upadhyay, Era, Urso, Daniele, Vacante, Marco, Vahdani, Amir Mohammad, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Van den Eynde, Jef, Varavikova, Elena, Varga, Orsolya, Varma, Siddhartha Alluri, Vart, Priya, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Veerman, Lennert J, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Venugopal, Deneshkumar, Verghese, Nicholas Alexander, Verma, Madhur, Verma, Pratibha, Veroux, Massimiliano, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Vervoort, Dominique, Vieira, Rafael José, Villafañe, Jorge Hugo, Villani, Leonardo, Villanueva, Gabriela Ines, Villeneuve, Paul J, Violante, Francesco S, Visontay, Rachel, Vlassov, Vasily, Vo, Bay, Vollset, Stein Emil, Volovat, Simona Ruxandra, Volovici, Victor, Vongpradith, Avina, Vos, Theo, Vujcic, Isidora S, Vukovic, Rade, Wado, Yohannes Dibaba, Wafa, Hatem A, Waheed, Yasir, Wamai, Richard G, Wang, Cong, Wang, Denny, Wang, Fang, Wang, Shu, Wang, Song, Wang, Yanzhong, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Ward, Paul, Watson, Stefanie, Weaver, Marcia R, Weerakoon, Kosala Gayan, Weiss, Daniel J, Weldemariam, Abrha Hailay, Wells, Katherine M, Wen, Yi Feng, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Wickramasinghe, Dakshitha Praneeth, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Wijeratne, Tissa, Wilson, Shadrach, Wojewodzic, Marcin W, Wool, Eve E, Woolf, Anthony D, Wu, Dongze, Wulandari, Ratna Dwi, Xiao, Hong, Xu, Bin, Xu, Xiaoyue, Yadav, Lalit, Yaghoubi, Sajad, Yang, Lin, Yano, Yuichiro, Yao, Yao, Ye, Pengpeng, Yesera, Gesila Endashaw, Yesodharan, Renjulal, Yesuf, Subah Abderehim, Yiğit, Arzu, Yiğit, Vahit, Yip, Paul, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, You, Yuyi, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Zadey, Siddhesh, Zadnik, Vesna, Zafari, Nima, Zahedi, Mohammad, Zahid, Muhammad Nauman, Zahir, Mazyar, Zakham, Fathiah, Zaki, Nazar, Zakzuk, Josefina, Zamagni, Giulia, Zaman, Burhan Abdullah, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamora, Nelson, Zand, Ramin, Zandi, Milad, Zandieh, Ghazal G Z, Zanghì, Aurora, Zare, Iman, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zeariya, Mohammed G M, Zeng, Youjie, Zhai, Chunxia, Zhang, Chen, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Hongwei, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhang, Zhaofeng, Zhang, Zhenyu, Zhao, Hanqing, Zhao, Yang, Zhao, Yong, Zheng, Peng, Zhong, Chenwen, Zhou, Juexiao, Zhu, Bin, Zhu, Zhaohua, Ziaeefar, Pardis, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zou, Zhiyong, Zumla, Alimuddin, Zweck, Elric, Zyoud, Samer H, Lim, Stephen S, and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2024

4. Flapping vortex dynamics of two coupled side-by-side flexible plates submerged in the wake of a square cylinder

Author: Xu, Bin, Wang, Hao, Zhang, Weibin, Deng, Yilin, Shen, Xi, Zhang, Desheng, van Esch, Bart P.M., Xu, Bin, Wang, Hao, Zhang, Weibin, Deng, Yilin, Shen, Xi, Zhang, Desheng, and van Esch, Bart P.M.
Abstract: The flapping vortex dynamics of two flexible plates submerged side-by-side in the wake of a square cylinder are investigated through a two-way fluid–structure interaction (FSI) simulation. The gap between the two plates can stabilize wakes, lengthen vortex formation, elongate vortices, suppress vortex shedding, and decrease hydrodynamic forces. The numerical results indicate that the two flexible plates can exhibit four distinct modes of coupled motion: out-of-phase flapping, in-phase flapping, transition flapping, and decoupled flapping, depending on the gap spacing. Additionally, it is discovered that each of the four coupling modes has a unique pattern of vortex development. The findings of this study should proved valuable in the design of FSI-based piezoelectric energy harvesters utilizing cylinder–plate systems.
Published: 2024

5. Millicharged Condensates on Earth

Author: Berlin, Asher, Harnik, Roni, Li, Ying-Ying, Xu, Bin, Berlin, Asher, Harnik, Roni, Li, Ying-Ying, and Xu, Bin
Abstract: We demonstrate that long-ranged terrestrial electric fields can be used to exclude or discover ultralight bosonic particles with extremely small charge, beyond that probed by astrophysics. Bound condensates of scalar millicharged particles can be rapidly produced near electrostatic generators or in the atmosphere. If such particles directly couple to the photon, they quickly short out such electrical activity. Instead, for interactions mediated by a kinetically-mixed dark photon, the effects of this condensate are suppressed depending on the size of the kinetic mixing, but may still be directly detected with precision electromagnetic sensors. Analogous condensates can also develop in other theories involving new long-ranged forces, such as those coupled to baryon and lepton number., Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures
Published: 2024

6. Does Negative Sampling Matter? A Review with Insights into its Theory and Applications

Author: Yang, Zhen, Ding, Ming, Huang, Tinglin, Cen, Yukuo, Song, Junshuai, Xu, Bin, Dong, Yuxiao, Tang, Jie, Yang, Zhen, Ding, Ming, Huang, Tinglin, Cen, Yukuo, Song, Junshuai, Xu, Bin, Dong, Yuxiao, and Tang, Jie
Abstract: Negative sampling has swiftly risen to prominence as a focal point of research, with wide-ranging applications spanning machine learning, computer vision, natural language processing, data mining, and recommender systems. This growing interest raises several critical questions: Does negative sampling really matter? Is there a general framework that can incorporate all existing negative sampling methods? In what fields is it applied? Addressing these questions, we propose a general framework that leverages negative sampling. Delving into the history of negative sampling, we trace the development of negative sampling through five evolutionary paths. We dissect and categorize the strategies used to select negative sample candidates, detailing global, local, mini-batch, hop, and memory-based approaches. Our review categorizes current negative sampling methods into five types: static, hard, GAN-based, Auxiliary-based, and In-batch methods, providing a clear structure for understanding negative sampling. Beyond detailed categorization, we highlight the application of negative sampling in various areas, offering insights into its practical benefits. Finally, we briefly discuss open problems and future directions for negative sampling., Comment: 20 pages, 11 figures
Published: 2024

7. CogCoM: Train Large Vision-Language Models Diving into Details through Chain of Manipulations

Author: Qi, Ji, Ding, Ming, Wang, Weihan, Bai, Yushi, Lv, Qingsong, Hong, Wenyi, Xu, Bin, Hou, Lei, Li, Juanzi, Dong, Yuxiao, Tang, Jie, Qi, Ji, Ding, Ming, Wang, Weihan, Bai, Yushi, Lv, Qingsong, Hong, Wenyi, Xu, Bin, Hou, Lei, Li, Juanzi, Dong, Yuxiao, and Tang, Jie
Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated their broad effectiveness thanks to extensive training in aligning visual instructions to responses. However, such training of conclusive alignment leads models to ignore essential visual reasoning, further resulting in failures in meticulous visual problems and unfaithful responses. Drawing inspiration from human cognition in solving visual problems (e.g., marking, zoom in), this paper introduces Chain of Manipulations, a mechanism that enables VLMs to solve problems step-by-step with evidence. After training, models can solve various visual problems by eliciting intrinsic manipulations (e.g., grounding, zoom in) with results (e.g., boxes, image) actively without involving external tools, while also allowing users to trace error causes. We study the roadmap to implement this mechanism, including (1) a flexible design of manipulations upon extensive analysis, (2) an efficient automated data generation pipeline, (3) a compatible VLM architecture capable of multi-turn multi-image, and (4) a model training process for versatile capabilities. With the design, we also manually annotate 6K high-quality samples for the challenging graphical mathematical problems. Our trained model, \textbf{CogCoM}, equipped with this mechanism with 17B parameters achieves state-of-the-art performance across 9 benchmarks from 4 categories, demonstrating the effectiveness while preserving the interpretability. Our code, model weights, and collected data are publicly available at https://github.com/THUDM/CogCoM., Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2024

8. ADELIE: Aligning Large Language Models on Information Extraction

Author: Qi, Yunjia, Peng, Hao, Wang, Xiaozhi, Xu, Bin, Hou, Lei, Li, Juanzi, Qi, Yunjia, Peng, Hao, Wang, Xiaozhi, Xu, Bin, Hou, Lei, and Li, Juanzi
Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) usually fall short on information extraction (IE) tasks and struggle to follow the complex instructions of IE tasks. This primarily arises from LLMs not being aligned with humans, as mainstream alignment datasets typically do not include IE data. In this paper, we introduce ADELIE (Aligning large language moDELs on Information Extraction), an aligned LLM that effectively solves various IE tasks, including closed IE, open IE, and on-demand IE. We first collect and construct a high-quality alignment corpus IEInstruct for IE. Then we train ADELIE_SFT using instruction tuning on IEInstruct. We further train ADELIE_SFT with direct preference optimization (DPO) objective, resulting in ADELIE_DPO. Extensive experiments on various held-out IE datasets demonstrate that our models (ADELIE_SFT and ADELIE_DPO) achieve state-of-the-art (SoTA) performance among open-source models. We further explore the general capabilities of ADELIE, and experimental results reveal that their general capabilities do not exhibit a noticeable decline. We will release the code, data, and models to facilitate further research.
Published: 2024

9. Si/SiGe thermoelectric generator

Author: Xu, Bin and Fobelets, Kristel
Subjects: 621.3
Abstract: This PhD thesis researches thermoelectric generator (TEG) which transfers wasted heat into electricity by thermoelectric materials. As a parameter used to characterize thermoelectric materials, figure-of-merit (ZT) models of Si bulk, Si/Si_(1-x) Ge_x bulk and Si bulk/nanowires (NWs) are built via building their models of Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity in this thesis. ZT of Si bulk is increased by 18% by applying a 3μm thick Si_0.8 Ge_0.2 bulk layer, and it is increased by 1000% by applying 35μm long Si NWs. TEG’s output power model which takes account of the effects of thermoelectric material, as well as all parasitic effects that affect TEG’s output power. TEG’s output power model demonstrates the output power depends on thermoelectric material’s characteristics and the contact interface quality between thermoelectric material and metal probe. Thermoelectric material’s characteristics are improved by Si NWs, Si_(1-x) Ge_x bulk, Si_(1-x) Ge_x NWs and spin-on-doping (SOD). SOD also improves the contact interface quality between thermoelectric material and metal probe, which also can be improved by sputter coating a layer of metal on thermoelectric material’s surface. Finally, TEG’s output power is increased by an order of 3 by these techniques.
Published: 2015
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10. Corporate financing decisions : the role of managerial overconfidence

Author: Xu, Bin
Subjects: 658.15, Time-varying managerial overconfidence, Disclosure tone, Chairman's statement, Content analysis, Insider trading, Capital structure, Pecking order, Debt maturity
Abstract: This thesis examines the effects of managerial overconfidence on corporate financing decisions. Overconfident managers tend to overestimate the mean of future cash flow and underestimate the volatility of future cash flow. We propose a novel time-varying measure of overconfidence, which is based on computational linguistic analysis of what the managers said (i.e. Chairman s Statement). The overconfidence of CEO and CFO is also constructed based on what the managers did (i.e. how they trade their own firms shares). We conduct three empirical studies that offer new insights into the roles of managerial overconfidence in the leverage decision (i.e. debt level), pecking order behaviour (i.e. the preference for debt over equity financing) and debt maturity decision (i.e. short-term debt vs. long-term debt). Study 1 documents a negative overconfidence-leverage relationship. This new finding suggests that debt conservatism associated with managerial overconfidence might be a potential explanation for the low leverage puzzle: some firms maintain low leverage, without taking tax benefits of debt, because overconfident managers believe that firm securities are undervalued by investors and thus are too costly (Malmendier, Tate and Yan, 2011). Study 2 finds managerial overconfidence leads to reverse pecking order preference especially in small firms, which sheds light on the pecking order puzzle that smaller firms with higher information costs surprisingly exhibit weaker pecking order preference. This new evidence is consistent with Hackbarth s (2008) theory that overconfident managers who underestimate the riskiness of earnings tend to prefer equity to debt financing. Study 3 finds managerial overconfidence leads to higher debt maturity. This evidence supports our proposition that overconfidence can mitigate the underinvestment problem (which is often the major concern of long-term debt investors) (Hackbarth, 2009), which in turn allows overconfident managers to use more and cheaper long-term debt. This evidence also implies that overconfidence may mitigate the agency cost of debt. Overall, our empirical analysis suggests that managerial overconfidence has significant incremental explanatory power for corporate financing decisions.
Published: 2014

11. Shape memory polymeric nanocomposites for biological applications

Author: Xu, Bin and Fu, Richard Y. Q.
Subjects: 610.28
Abstract: The aim of this work is to develop novel shape memory polymers (SMPs) and nanocomposites for potential biological applications. A kind of commercial SMP, shape memory polyurethane (SMPU), was used to prepare nanocomposites by incorporating nano-clay into the SMPU substrate. The mechanical behaviour, thermal property and shape memory efficiency were studied with various nanofiller loadings. Chemical synthesis methods were also employed to prepare the other designable SMP and its nanocomposites, i.e. the shape memory polystyrene co-polymer (SMPS). Multiple technologies were adopted to enhance the SMPS matrix such as modifying the chemical components, introducing various functional nanoparticles into the polymeric network and improving the dispersion of the nanoparticles. Different methods were used to characterize the overall performance of the obtained materials. Mechanical tests were performed at different dimensional scales with a varied degree of localisation. Nanoindentation was firstly applied to assess the micro-mechanical properties of shape memory polymer nanocomposites at scales down to particle size. The micro-mechanical analysis provided the fundamental information on the SMPs and their nanocomposites for bio-MEMS applications. Potential applications were also explored through manufacturing different type of device models and testing their shape recovery efficiencies. Finally, theoretical contributions were made in two areas. The first one was the theoretical analysis on the nanoparticles enhancement to the soft polymeric matrix. The other was in developing a constitutive model to describe the thermo-viscoelastic property and shape memory behaviour for SMP nanocomposites.
Published: 2011

12. A Formalisation and Explication of the 'D' Language

Author: Xu, Bin
Subjects: 005.74
Abstract: Database Management Systems (DBMSs) support the creation and modification of databases containing potentially very large collections of data. Typically, a DBMS embodies or enforces a data model. The most widely adopted data model remains the relational data model proposed over three decades ago by E. F. Codd, and it is envisaged that the relational model will remain the most popular model in the future.
Published: 2008

13. SRNIC: A Scalable Architecture for RDMA NICs

Author: Wang, Zilong, Luo, Layong, Ning, Qingsong, Zeng, Chaoliang, Li, Wenxue, Wan, Xinchen, Xie, Peng, Feng, Tao, Cheng, Ke, Geng, Xiongfei, Wang, Tianhao, Ling, Weicheng, Huo, Kejia, An, Pingbo, Ji, Kui, Zhang, Shideng, Xu, Bin, Feng, Ruiqing, Ding, Tao, Chen, Kai, Guo, Chuanxiong, Wang, Zilong, Luo, Layong, Ning, Qingsong, Zeng, Chaoliang, Li, Wenxue, Wan, Xinchen, Xie, Peng, Feng, Tao, Cheng, Ke, Geng, Xiongfei, Wang, Tianhao, Ling, Weicheng, Huo, Kejia, An, Pingbo, Ji, Kui, Zhang, Shideng, Xu, Bin, Feng, Ruiqing, Ding, Tao, Chen, Kai, and Guo, Chuanxiong
Abstract: RDMA is expected to be highly scalable: to perform well in large-scale data center networks where packet losses are inevitable (i.e., high network scalability), and to support a large number of performant connections per server (i.e., high connection scalability). Commercial RoCEv2 NICs (RNICs) fall short on scalability as they rely on a lossless, limited-scale network fabric and support only a small number of performant connections. Recent work IRN improves the network scalability by relaxing the lossless network requirement, but the connection scalability issue remains unaddressed. In this paper, we aim to address the connection scalability challenge, while maintaining high performance and low CPU overhead as commercial RNICs, and high network scalability as IRN, by designing SRNIC, a Scalable RDMA NIC architecture. Our key insight in SRNIC is that, on-chip data structures and their memory requirements in RNICs can be minimized with careful protocol and architecture co-designs to improve connection scalability. Guided by this insight, we analyze all data structures involved in an RDMA conceptual model, and remove them as many as possible with RDMA protocol header modifications and architectural innovations, including cache-free QP scheduler and memory-free selective repeat. We implement a fully functional SRNIC prototype using FPGA. Experiments show that, SRNIC achieves 10K performant connections on chip and outperforms commercial RNICs by 18x in terms of normalized connection scalability (i.e., the number of performant connections per 1MB memory), while achieving 97 Gbps throughput and 3.3 µs latency with less than 5% CPU overhead, and maintaining high network scalability. © NSDI 2023.All rights reserved
Published: 2023

14. Recent Advances in Apical Periodontitis Treatment: A Narrative Review

Author: Arias, Zulema, Nizami, Mohammed Zahedul Islam, Chen, Xiaoting, Chai, Xinyi, Xu, Bin, Kuang, Canyan, Omori, Kazuhiro, Takashiba, Shogo, Arias, Zulema, Nizami, Mohammed Zahedul Islam, Chen, Xiaoting, Chai, Xinyi, Xu, Bin, Kuang, Canyan, Omori, Kazuhiro, and Takashiba, Shogo
Abstract: Apical periodontitis is an inflammatory response caused by pulp infection. It induces bone resorption in the apical and periapical regions of the tooth. The most conservative approach to treat this condition is nonsurgical endodontic treatment. However, clinical failure has been reported with this approach; thus, alternative procedures are required. This review highlights recent literature regarding advanced approaches for the treatment of apical periodontitis. Various therapies, including biological medications, antioxidants, specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators, and stem cell therapy, have been tested to increase the success rate of treatment for apical periodontitis. Some of these approaches remain in the in vivo phase of research, while others have just entered the translational research phase to validate clinical application. However, a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms that occur during development of the immunoinflammatory reaction in apical periodontitis remains unclear. The aim of this review was to summarize advanced approaches for the treatment of apical periodontitis. Further research can confirm the potential of these alternative nonsurgical endodontic treatment approaches.
Published: 2023

15. PINK1/Parkin-Mediated Mitochondrial Autophagy Participates in H2O2-Induced Abnormal Proliferation of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Author: Wang,Gaoyuan, Chen,Xiaoyu, Shao,Yubao, Xu,Bin, Wang,Gaoyuan, Chen,Xiaoyu, Shao,Yubao, and Xu,Bin
Abstract: Gaoyuan Wang,1 Xiaoyu Chen,2 Yubao Shao,2 Bin Xu1 1Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, Peopleâs Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Bin Xu, Email youchen100@126.comIntroduction: To explore the role of PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy in H2O2-induced abnormal proliferation of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS).Methods: Firstly, we isolated fibroblast like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) from RA patients. H2O2-induced oxidative stress, and NAC (a ROS inhibitor) or FCCP (a mitochondrial autophagy activator) treatment inhibited ROS level or activate mitochondrial autophagy in RA-FLS. MitoSOX Red, JC-1 kit, DCFH-DA kit and CCK8 kit were used to evaluate mitochondrial redox status, mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular ROS level and cell activity, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression. The rat model of Freundâs complete adjuvant arthritis (AA) was established and treated with NAC and FCCP, respectively. The pathological changes of synovium and the percentage of apoptotic cells in synovium were detected by H&E and TUNEL staining, respectively.Results: We have successfully isolated synovial cells from RA patients. Using 5Î¼M H2O2 to stimulate RA-FLS could induce mitochondrial abnormalities of RA-FLS and inhibit RA-FLS autophagy. FCCP could reverse the effect of H2O2 on RA-FLS cell proliferation and apoptosis. NAC could reverse the effect of H2O2 on PINK1/Parkin. Overexpression of PINK1 or Parkin reversed the effect of H2O2 on RA-FLS mitochondrial autophagy, proliferation and apoptosis. The in vivo experiment results showed that both NAC and FCCP could prevent the pathogenesis of RA, reduce RA-FLS cell viability and increase RA-FLS cell apoptosis.Conclusion: The PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy participates in H2O2-in
Published: 2023

16. Hexagonal Close-Packed Polar-Skyrmion Lattice in Ultrathin Ferroelectric PbTiO_{3} Films.

Author: Yuan, Shuai, Yuan, Shuai, Chen, Zuhuang, Prokhorenko, Sergei, Nahas, Yousra, Bellaiche, Laurent, Liu, Chenhan, Xu, Bin, Chen, Lang, Das, Sujit, Martin, Lane W, Yuan, Shuai, Yuan, Shuai, Chen, Zuhuang, Prokhorenko, Sergei, Nahas, Yousra, Bellaiche, Laurent, Liu, Chenhan, Xu, Bin, Chen, Lang, Das, Sujit, and Martin, Lane W
Abstract: Polar skyrmions are topologically stable, swirling polarization textures with particlelike characteristics, which hold promise for next-generation, nanoscale logic and memory. However, the understanding of how to create ordered polar skyrmion lattice structures and how such structures respond to applied electric fields, temperature, and film thickness remains elusive. Here, using phase-field simulations, the evolution of polar topology and the emergence of a phase transition to a hexagonal close-packed skyrmion lattice is explored through the construction of a temperature-electric field phase diagram for ultrathin ferroelectric PbTiO_{3} films. The hexagonal-lattice skyrmion crystal can be stabilized under application of an external, out-of-plane electric field which carefully adjusts the delicate interplay of elastic, electrostatic, and gradient energies. In addition, the lattice constants of the polar skyrmion crystals are found to increase with film thickness, consistent with expectation from Kittel's law. Our studies pave the way for the development of novel ordered condensed matter phases assembled from topological polar textures and related emergent properties in nanoscale ferroelectrics.
Published: 2023

17. Monolithic fiber/foam-structured catalysts: beyond honeycombs and micro-channels

Author: Zhao, Guofeng (author), Moulijn, J.A. (author), Kapteijn, F. (author), Dautzenberg, Frits M. (author), Xu, Bin (author), Lu, Yong (author), Zhao, Guofeng (author), Moulijn, J.A. (author), Kapteijn, F. (author), Dautzenberg, Frits M. (author), Xu, Bin (author), and Lu, Yong (author)
Abstract: Heterogeneous catalysis plays a pivotal role in the current chemical and energy vectors production. Notably, to fully utilize the intrinsic activity and selectivity of a catalyst, the chemical reactor has to be designed and operated optimally to achieve enhanced heat/mass transfer, well-defined contact time of reactants, uniform flow pattern, and high permeability. Structured catalysts are a promising strategy to overcome the major drawbacks encountered in the traditional packed-bed reactor technology due to the improved hydrodynamics in combination with enhanced heat/mass transfer. Newly emerged fiber/foam-substrates, with an entirely open 3D network structure, bring distinct advantages over the honeycomb and micro-channel contacting methods, including free radial diffusion, eddy-mixing driven heat/mass transfer, large area-to-volume ratio, and high contacting efficiency. However, how to place the nanocatalysts onto the fiber/foam-substrates is a challenging problem because the commercial washcoating method has great limitations such as the nonuniformity and easy exfoliation of coatings. This review discusses the newly developed non-dip-coating methods for the fiber/foam-structured catalysts and their promising applications in the strongly exo-/endo-thermic and/or high throughput reaction processes., Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public., ChemE/Product and Process Engineering, ChemE/Catalysis Engineering
Published: 2023
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18. Pangenomic analysis identifies structural variation associated with heat tolerance in pearl millet

Author: Yan, Haidong, Sun, Min, Zhang, Zhongren, Jin, Yarong, Zhang, Ailing, Lin, Chuang, Wu, Bingchao, He, Min, Xu, Bin, Wang, Jing, Qin, Peng, Mendieta, John Pablo, Nie, Gang, Wang, Jianping, Jones, Chris S. S., Feng, Guangyan, Srivastava, Rakesh K. K., Zhang, Xinquan, Bombarely, Aureliano, Luo, Dan, Jin, Long, Peng, Yuanying, Wang, Xiaoshan, Ji, Yang, Tian, Shilin, Huang, Linkai, Yan, Haidong, Sun, Min, Zhang, Zhongren, Jin, Yarong, Zhang, Ailing, Lin, Chuang, Wu, Bingchao, He, Min, Xu, Bin, Wang, Jing, Qin, Peng, Mendieta, John Pablo, Nie, Gang, Wang, Jianping, Jones, Chris S. S., Feng, Guangyan, Srivastava, Rakesh K. K., Zhang, Xinquan, Bombarely, Aureliano, Luo, Dan, Jin, Long, Peng, Yuanying, Wang, Xiaoshan, Ji, Yang, Tian, Shilin, and Huang, Linkai
Abstract: Pearl millet is an important cereal crop worldwide and shows superior heat tolerance. Here, we developed a graph-based pan-genome by assembling ten chromosomal genomes with one existing assembly adapted to different climates worldwide and captured 424,085 genomic structural variations (SVs). Comparative genomics and transcriptomics analyses revealed the expansion of the RWP-RK transcription factor family and the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-related genes in heat tolerance. The overexpression of one RWP-RK gene led to enhanced plant heat tolerance and transactivated ER-related genes quickly, supporting the important roles of RWP-RK transcription factors and ER system in heat tolerance. Furthermore, we found that some SVs affected the gene expression associated with heat tolerance and SVs surrounding ER-related genes shaped adaptation to heat tolerance during domestication in the population. Our study provides a comprehensive genomic resource revealing insights into heat tolerance and laying a foundation for generating more robust crops under the changing climate. A graph-based pan-genome constructed using de novo genome assemblies of ten pearl millet accessions adapted to different climates worldwide identifies structural variations and their contribution to heat tolerance in pearl millet.
Published: 2023

19. Peripheral Blood Th1/Th17 Immune Cell Shift is Associated with Disease Activity and Severity of AQP4 Antibody Sero-Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Author: Cao,Fangzheng, Wang,Yiqi, Wei,Ruili, Li,Chunrong, Cheng,Yifan, Zhou,Yu, Jin,Tianyu, Zhang,Houwen, Lin,Luting, Xu,Bin, Cao,Fangzheng, Wang,Yiqi, Wei,Ruili, Li,Chunrong, Cheng,Yifan, Zhou,Yu, Jin,Tianyu, Zhang,Houwen, Lin,Luting, and Xu,Bin
Abstract: Fangzheng Cao,1,&ast; Yiqi Wang,2,&ast; Ruili Wei,3 Chunrong Li,2 Yifan Cheng,2 Yu Zhou,1 Tianyu Jin,1 Houwen Zhang,1 Luting Lin,4 Bin Xu5 1The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Peopleâs Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang Provincial Peopleâs Hospital, Hangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 4School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 5Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bin Xu, Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China, Email xubin2008.love@163.comPurpose: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare recurrent autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. However, to date, the peripheral blood profile of the T helper cell subsets in NMOSD remains controversial and poorly understood. This study aimed to compare the levels of helper T cell subsets in the peripheral blood from patients with NMOSD in different phases of the disease and studied their correlation with the clinical severity of the disease.Patients and methods: We used flow cytometry with cellular membrane surface staining to measure the levels of helper T cell subsets in 50 patients with NMOSD during the attack (n = 25) and remission (n = 25) phases and in 21 healthy controls.Results: Patients with NMOSD had higher levels of Th1 and Th17 cells in the attack phase compared to parallel populations in the remission phase and healthy controls. Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg ratios were p
Published: 2023

20. Regional adaptability of global and regional hydrological forecast system

Author: Wang, Han, Zhong, Ping-an, Zsoter, Ervin, Prudhomme, Christel, Pappenberger, Florian, Xu, Bin, Wang, Han, Zhong, Ping-an, Zsoter, Ervin, Prudhomme, Christel, Pappenberger, Florian, and Xu, Bin
Abstract: Our paper aims to improve flood forecasting by establishing whether a global hydrological forecast system could be used as an alternative to a regional system, or whether it could provide additional information. This paper was based on the operational Global Flood Awareness System (GloFAS) of the European Commission Copernicus Emergency Management Service, as well as on a regional hydrological forecast system named RHFS, which was created with observations recorded in the Wangjiaba river basin in China. We compared the discharge simulations of the two systems, and tested the influence of input. Then the discharge ensemble forecasts were evaluated for lead times of 1–7 d, and the impact on the forecasts of errors in initialization and modelling were considered. We also used quantile mapping (QM) to post-process the discharge simulations and forecasts. The results showed: (1) GloFAS (KGE of 0.54) had a worse discharge simulation than RHFS (KGE of 0.88), mainly because of the poor quality of the input; (2) the average forecast skill of GloFAS (CRPSS about 0.2) was inferior to that of RHFS (CRPSS about 0.6), because of the errors in the initialization and the model, however, GloFAS had a higher forecast quality than RHFS at high flow with longer lead times; (3) QM performed well at eliminating errors in input, the model, and the initialization.
Published: 2023

21. Identification of Enzalutamide Resistance-Related circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Networks in Patients with Prostate Cancer [Retraction]

Author: Yu,JunJie, Sun,Si, Mao,WeiPu, Xu,Bin, Chen,Ming, Yu,JunJie, Sun,Si, Mao,WeiPu, Xu,Bin, and Chen,Ming
Abstract: Yu J, Sun S, Mao W, Xu B, Chen M. Onco Targets Ther. 2021;14:3833–3848. We, the Editor and Publisher of OncoTargets and Therapy are retracting the published article. Since publication, concerns have been raised about the integrity of the data in the article and it was found some of the images had been duplicated. Specifically, Images from Figure 8G, Invasion and Migration, LNcap, si-NC, appear to have been duplicated. When approached for an explanation, the authors were cooperative but were unable to adequately address the concerns raised and have not been able to provide sufficient supporting information from their study. As verifying the validity of published work is core to the integrity of the scholarly record, we are therefore retracting the article. The corresponding author listed in this publication has been informed. We have been informed in our decision-making by our editorial policies and the COPE guidelines. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.
Published: 2023

22. Syntactically Robust Training on Partially-Observed Data for Open Information Extraction

Author: Qi, Ji, Chen, Yuxiang, Hou, Lei, Li, Juanzi, Xu, Bin, Qi, Ji, Chen, Yuxiang, Hou, Lei, Li, Juanzi, and Xu, Bin
Abstract: Open Information Extraction models have shown promising results with sufficient supervision. However, these models face a fundamental challenge that the syntactic distribution of training data is partially observable in comparison to the real world. In this paper, we propose a syntactically robust training framework that enables models to be trained on a syntactic-abundant distribution based on diverse paraphrase generation. To tackle the intrinsic problem of knowledge deformation of paraphrasing, two algorithms based on semantic similarity matching and syntactic tree walking are used to restore the expressionally transformed knowledge. The training framework can be generally applied to other syntactic partial observable domains. Based on the proposed framework, we build a new evaluation set called CaRB-AutoPara, a syntactically diverse dataset consistent with the real-world setting for validating the robustness of the models. Experiments including a thorough analysis show that the performance of the model degrades with the increase of the difference in syntactic distribution, while our framework gives a robust boundary. The source code is publicly available at https://github.com/qijimrc/RobustOIE.
Published: 2023

23. Preserving Knowledge Invariance: Rethinking Robustness Evaluation of Open Information Extraction

Author: Qi, Ji, Zhang, Chuchun, Wang, Xiaozhi, Zeng, Kaisheng, Yu, Jifan, Liu, Jinxin, Sun, Jiuding, Chen, Yuxiang, Hou, Lei, Li, Juanzi, Xu, Bin, Qi, Ji, Zhang, Chuchun, Wang, Xiaozhi, Zeng, Kaisheng, Yu, Jifan, Liu, Jinxin, Sun, Jiuding, Chen, Yuxiang, Hou, Lei, Li, Juanzi, and Xu, Bin
Abstract: The robustness to distribution changes ensures that NLP models can be successfully applied in the realistic world, especially for information extraction tasks. However, most prior evaluation benchmarks have been devoted to validating pairwise matching correctness, ignoring the crucial measurement of robustness. In this paper, we present the first benchmark that simulates the evaluation of open information extraction models in the real world, where the syntactic and expressive distributions under the same knowledge meaning may drift variously. We design and annotate a large-scale testbed in which each example is a knowledge-invariant clique that consists of sentences with structured knowledge of the same meaning but with different syntactic and expressive forms. By further elaborating the robustness metric, a model is judged to be robust if its performance is consistently accurate on the overall cliques. We perform experiments on typical models published in the last decade as well as a popular large language model, the results show that the existing successful models exhibit a frustrating degradation, with a maximum drop of 23.43 F1 score. Our resources and code are available at https://github.com/qijimrc/ROBUST., Comment: Accepted by EMNLP 2023 Main Conference
Published: 2023

24. GOAL: A Challenging Knowledge-grounded Video Captioning Benchmark for Real-time Soccer Commentary Generation

Author: Qi, Ji, Yu, Jifan, Tu, Teng, Gao, Kunyu, Xu, Yifan, Guan, Xinyu, Wang, Xiaozhi, Dong, Yuxiao, Xu, Bin, Hou, Lei, Li, Juanzi, Tang, Jie, Guo, Weidong, Liu, Hui, Xu, Yu, Qi, Ji, Yu, Jifan, Tu, Teng, Gao, Kunyu, Xu, Yifan, Guan, Xinyu, Wang, Xiaozhi, Dong, Yuxiao, Xu, Bin, Hou, Lei, Li, Juanzi, Tang, Jie, Guo, Weidong, Liu, Hui, and Xu, Yu
Abstract: Despite the recent emergence of video captioning models, how to generate vivid, fine-grained video descriptions based on the background knowledge (i.e., long and informative commentary about the domain-specific scenes with appropriate reasoning) is still far from being solved, which however has great applications such as automatic sports narrative. In this paper, we present GOAL, a benchmark of over 8.9k soccer video clips, 22k sentences, and 42k knowledge triples for proposing a challenging new task setting as Knowledge-grounded Video Captioning (KGVC). Moreover, we conduct experimental adaption of existing methods to show the difficulty and potential directions for solving this valuable and applicable task. Our data and code are available at https://github.com/THU-KEG/goal., Comment: Accepted by CIKM 2023
Published: 2023

25. Management of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Community Screenings in Shanghai, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author: Chen,Keyu, Xu,Bin, Tang,Yifan, Cao,Juan, Wang,Rong, Tian,Yali, Gao,Chunhong, Chu,Ming, Chen,Keyu, Xu,Bin, Tang,Yifan, Cao,Juan, Wang,Rong, Tian,Yali, Gao,Chunhong, and Chu,Ming
Abstract: Keyu Chen,1,&ast; Bin Xu,2,&ast; Yifan Tang,3 Juan Cao,1 Rong Wang,3 Yali Tian,3 Chunhong Gao,3 Ming Chu4 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Jiangsu Province Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Nursing Department, Jiangsu Province Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Peopleâs Republic of China; 4Department of Nosocomial Infection, Jiangsu Province Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Peopleâs Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Chunhong Gao, Nursing Department, Jiangsu Province Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, Peopleâs Republic of China, Tel +862568305379, Email gao22095@163.com Ming Chu, Department of Nosocomial Infection, Jiangsu Province Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, Peopleâs Republic of China, Tel +862568306917, Email chuming@njmu.edu.cnBackground: Community screening for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant plays a significant role in controlling the spread of infection. However, loopholes may exist in the current management of community screening in Shanghai, China. The objective of this study was to discover loopholes in the management of community screening for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Shanghai, China and provide targeted solutions.Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out April 4 to April 30, 2021, among residential committee directors from the Putuo District, Pudong District, and Minhang District of Shanghai, China. Data were collected using a self-de
Published: 2023

26. The Effect of Stress of COVID-19 on Chinese Adults’ Work-Family Conflict: Testing a Moderated Mediation Model

Author: Hu,Yangxiu, Ye,Baojuan, Luo,Xu-Bin, Ma,Tingting, Feng,Zhihua, Yang,Qiang, Hu,Yangxiu, Ye,Baojuan, Luo,Xu-Bin, Ma,Tingting, Feng,Zhihua, and Yang,Qiang
Abstract: Yangxiu Hu,1,2 Baojuan Ye,1 Xu-Bin Luo,3 Tingting Ma,2 Zhihua Feng,2 Qiang Yang4 1School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Center of Mental Health Education, Anhui Health College, Chizhou, Anhui, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3School of Finance, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, Peopleâs Republic of China; 4School of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, Peopleâs Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xu-Bin Luo, School of Finance, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, Peopleâs Republic of China, Tel +86 791-88120173, Email xubinluo@163.comPurpose: The current study examined the effect of stress of COVID-19 on work-family conflict, how perceived work ability may mediate this effect, and lastly how perceived social support may moderate the various indirect pathway during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A total of 2558 Chinese adults were recruited from the first authorâs university completed the questionnaire including stress of COVID-19 scale, work-family conflict, perceived social support and perceived work ability scale.Results: The present study showed that stress of COVID-19 was positively associated with work-family conflict while negatively associated with perceived work ability, which in turn, was negatively associated with work-family conflict. Perceived social support magnified the effects of perceived work ability on work-family conflict.Conclusion: Findings of this study shed light on a correlation between stress of COVID-19 and work-family conflict. Moreover, this study emphasizes the value of intervening individualsâ perceived work ability and increasing the ability of perceived social support in the context of COVID-19.Keywords: stress of COVID-19, perceived work ability, perceived social support, work-family conflict
Published: 2023

27. Astragaloside IV alleviates 1-deoxysphinganine-induced mitochondrial dysfunction during the progression of chronic kidney disease through p62-Nrf2 antioxidant pathway

Author: Gui, Ting, Chen, Qingfa, Li, Jiangsong, Lu, Ke, Li, Chen, Xu, Bin, Chen, Yang, Men, Jingwen, Kullak-Ublick, Gerd A; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0757-4408, Wang, Weihua, Gai, Zhibo; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1673-6541, Gui, Ting, Chen, Qingfa, Li, Jiangsong, Lu, Ke, Li, Chen, Xu, Bin, Chen, Yang, Men, Jingwen, Kullak-Ublick, Gerd A; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0757-4408, Wang, Weihua, and Gai, Zhibo; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1673-6541
Abstract: Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can lead to significant elevation of 1-deoxysphingolipids (1-deoxySL). The increase of 1-deoxySL in turn can result in mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress, which can cause further progression of CKD.Methods: This study assessed the therapeutic effect of Astragaloside IV (AST) against 1-deoxySL-induced cytotoxicity in vitro and in rats with CKD. HK-2 cells were exposed to 1-deoxysphinganine (doxSA) or doxSA + AST. doxSA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress were evaluated by immunostaining, real-time PCR, oxidative stress sensor, and transmission electron microscopy. The potential effects of AST on kidney damage were evaluated in a rat 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) model of CKD.Results: The findings of in vitro experiments showed that doxSA induced mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. AST markedly reduced the level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, lowered apoptosis, and improved mitochondrial function. In addition, exposure to AST significantly induced the phosphorylation of p62 and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 as well as its downstream anti-oxidant genes. p62 knock-down fully abolished Nrf2 nuclear translocation in cells after AST treatment. However, p62 knock-down did not affect TBHQ-induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation, indicating that AST can ameliorate doxSA-induced oxidative stress through modulation of p62 phosphorylation and Nrf2 nuclear translocation.Conclusion: The findings indicate that AST can activate Nrf2 antioxidant pathway in a p62 dependent manner. The anti-oxidative stress effect and the further mitochondrial protective effect of AST represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the progression of CKD.
Published: 2023

28. Numerical investigation on hydrodynamic performance of a pre-swirl stator pump-jet propulsor with special emphasis on energy loss mechanism

Author: Zhao, Xutao, Shen, Xi, Zhang, Desheng, Xu, Bin, van Esch, B.P.M. (Bart), Zhao, Xutao, Shen, Xi, Zhang, Desheng, Xu, Bin, and van Esch, B.P.M. (Bart)
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to evaluate the hydrodynamic performance of the newly developed pre-swirl stator pump-jet propulsor (PJP) and to investigate its underlying flow characteristics and energy loss mechanisms. Numerical simulations are carried out for the scaling model of the PJP, the experimental tests are also performed to verify the numerical simulation results. The energy balance equation is loaded to investigate the energy loss combining with vortex structures. The numerical results show a reasonable agreement with the available experiments. The stator performs well for generating pre-swirl flow with tangential velocity, which could be effectively absorbed by the rotating rotor to varying levels under different operating conditions. The stator-rotor interaction flow is complicated and causes obvious non-uniformity for the flow field due to the generation of trailing vortices. The energy losses within the PJP are well quantified and visualized by different loss terms in energy balance equation. The production of turbulent kinetic energy and then dissipates due to viscous effects is the leading cause for energy loss, which originates from vortex evolutions and impact loss without considering the friction loss. The generation of tip leakage vortex dominates the energy loss in the rotor domain and wake field of PJP.
Published: 2023

29. Effective Action Approach for Preheating

Author: Xu, Bin, Xue, Wei, Xu, Bin, and Xue, Wei
Abstract: We present a semiclassical non-perturbative approach for calculating the preheating process at the end of inflation. Our method involves integrating out the decayed particles within the path integral framework and subsequently determining world-line instanton solutions in the effective action. This enables us to obtain the effective action of the inflaton, with its imaginary part linked to the phenomenon of particle creation driven by coherent inflaton field oscillations. Additionally, we utilize the Bogoliubov transformation to investigate the evolution of particle density within the medium after multiple inflaton oscillations. We apply our approach to various final state particles, including scalar fields, tachyonic fields, and gauge fields. The non-perturbative approach provides analytical results for preheating that are in accord with previous methods., Comment: 22 pages
Published: 2023

30. CogAgent: A Visual Language Model for GUI Agents

Author: Hong, Wenyi, Wang, Weihan, Lv, Qingsong, Xu, Jiazheng, Yu, Wenmeng, Ji, Junhui, Wang, Yan, Wang, Zihan, Zhang, Yuxuan, Li, Juanzi, Xu, Bin, Dong, Yuxiao, Ding, Ming, Tang, Jie, Hong, Wenyi, Wang, Weihan, Lv, Qingsong, Xu, Jiazheng, Yu, Wenmeng, Ji, Junhui, Wang, Yan, Wang, Zihan, Zhang, Yuxuan, Li, Juanzi, Xu, Bin, Dong, Yuxiao, Ding, Ming, and Tang, Jie
Abstract: People are spending an enormous amount of time on digital devices through graphical user interfaces (GUIs), e.g., computer or smartphone screens. Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT can assist people in tasks like writing emails, but struggle to understand and interact with GUIs, thus limiting their potential to increase automation levels. In this paper, we introduce CogAgent, an 18-billion-parameter visual language model (VLM) specializing in GUI understanding and navigation. By utilizing both low-resolution and high-resolution image encoders, CogAgent supports input at a resolution of 1120*1120, enabling it to recognize tiny page elements and text. As a generalist visual language model, CogAgent achieves the state of the art on five text-rich and four general VQA benchmarks, including VQAv2, OK-VQA, Text-VQA, ST-VQA, ChartQA, infoVQA, DocVQA, MM-Vet, and POPE. CogAgent, using only screenshots as input, outperforms LLM-based methods that consume extracted HTML text on both PC and Android GUI navigation tasks -- Mind2Web and AITW, advancing the state of the art. The model and codes are available at https://github.com/THUDM/CogVLM ., Comment: 27 pages, 19 figures
Published: 2023

31. When does In-context Learning Fall Short and Why? A Study on Specification-Heavy Tasks

Author: Peng, Hao, Wang, Xiaozhi, Chen, Jianhui, Li, Weikai, Qi, Yunjia, Wang, Zimu, Wu, Zhili, Zeng, Kaisheng, Xu, Bin, Hou, Lei, Li, Juanzi, Peng, Hao, Wang, Xiaozhi, Chen, Jianhui, Li, Weikai, Qi, Yunjia, Wang, Zimu, Wu, Zhili, Zeng, Kaisheng, Xu, Bin, Hou, Lei, and Li, Juanzi
Abstract: In-context learning (ICL) has become the default method for using large language models (LLMs), making the exploration of its limitations and understanding the underlying causes crucial. In this paper, we find that ICL falls short of handling specification-heavy tasks, which are tasks with complicated and extensive task specifications, requiring several hours for ordinary humans to master, such as traditional information extraction tasks. The performance of ICL on these tasks mostly cannot reach half of the state-of-the-art results. To explore the reasons behind this failure, we conduct comprehensive experiments on 18 specification-heavy tasks with various LLMs and identify three primary reasons: inability to specifically understand context, misalignment in task schema comprehension with humans, and inadequate long-text understanding ability. Furthermore, we demonstrate that through fine-tuning, LLMs can achieve decent performance on these tasks, indicating that the failure of ICL is not an inherent flaw of LLMs, but rather a drawback of existing alignment methods that renders LLMs incapable of handling complicated specification-heavy tasks via ICL. To substantiate this, we perform dedicated instruction tuning on LLMs for these tasks and observe a notable improvement. We hope the analyses in this paper could facilitate advancements in alignment methods enabling LLMs to meet more sophisticated human demands., Comment: Under review
Published: 2023

32. CogVLM: Visual Expert for Pretrained Language Models

Author: Wang, Weihan, Lv, Qingsong, Yu, Wenmeng, Hong, Wenyi, Qi, Ji, Wang, Yan, Ji, Junhui, Yang, Zhuoyi, Zhao, Lei, Song, Xixuan, Xu, Jiazheng, Xu, Bin, Li, Juanzi, Dong, Yuxiao, Ding, Ming, Tang, Jie, Wang, Weihan, Lv, Qingsong, Yu, Wenmeng, Hong, Wenyi, Qi, Ji, Wang, Yan, Ji, Junhui, Yang, Zhuoyi, Zhao, Lei, Song, Xixuan, Xu, Jiazheng, Xu, Bin, Li, Juanzi, Dong, Yuxiao, Ding, Ming, and Tang, Jie
Abstract: We introduce CogVLM, a powerful open-source visual language foundation model. Different from the popular shallow alignment method which maps image features into the input space of language model, CogVLM bridges the gap between the frozen pretrained language model and image encoder by a trainable visual expert module in the attention and FFN layers. As a result, CogVLM enables deep fusion of vision language features without sacrificing any performance on NLP tasks. CogVLM-17B achieves state-of-the-art performance on 10 classic cross-modal benchmarks, including NoCaps, Flicker30k captioning, RefCOCO, RefCOCO+, RefCOCOg, Visual7W, GQA, ScienceQA, VizWiz VQA and TDIUC, and ranks the 2nd on VQAv2, OKVQA, TextVQA, COCO captioning, etc., surpassing or matching PaLI-X 55B. Codes and checkpoints are available at https://github.com/THUDM/CogVLM.
Published: 2023

33. Lookup Table meets Local Laplacian Filter: Pyramid Reconstruction Network for Tone Mapping

Author: Zhang, Feng, Tian, Ming, Li, Zhiqiang, Xu, Bin, Lu, Qingbo, Gao, Changxin, Sang, Nong, Zhang, Feng, Tian, Ming, Li, Zhiqiang, Xu, Bin, Lu, Qingbo, Gao, Changxin, and Sang, Nong
Abstract: Tone mapping aims to convert high dynamic range (HDR) images to low dynamic range (LDR) representations, a critical task in the camera imaging pipeline. In recent years, 3-Dimensional LookUp Table (3D LUT) based methods have gained attention due to their ability to strike a favorable balance between enhancement performance and computational efficiency. However, these methods often fail to deliver satisfactory results in local areas since the look-up table is a global operator for tone mapping, which works based on pixel values and fails to incorporate crucial local information. To this end, this paper aims to address this issue by exploring a novel strategy that integrates global and local operators by utilizing closed-form Laplacian pyramid decomposition and reconstruction. Specifically, we employ image-adaptive 3D LUTs to manipulate the tone in the low-frequency image by leveraging the specific characteristics of the frequency information. Furthermore, we utilize local Laplacian filters to refine the edge details in the high-frequency components in an adaptive manner. Local Laplacian filters are widely used to preserve edge details in photographs, but their conventional usage involves manual tuning and fixed implementation within camera imaging pipelines or photo editing tools. We propose to learn parameter value maps progressively for local Laplacian filters from annotated data using a lightweight network. Our model achieves simultaneous global tone manipulation and local edge detail preservation in an end-to-end manner. Extensive experimental results on two benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed method performs favorably against state-of-the-art methods., Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted by NeurlPS 2023
Published: 2023

34. VidCoM: Fast Video Comprehension through Large Language Models with Multimodal Tools

Author: Qi, Ji, Ji, Kaixuan, Yu, Jifan, Wang, Duokang, Xu, Bin, Hou, Lei, Li, Juanzi, Qi, Ji, Ji, Kaixuan, Yu, Jifan, Wang, Duokang, Xu, Bin, Hou, Lei, and Li, Juanzi
Abstract: Building models that comprehends videos and responds specific user instructions is a practical and challenging topic, as it requires mastery of both vision understanding and knowledge reasoning. Compared to language and image modalities, training efficiency remains a serious problem as existing studies train models on massive sparse videos paired with brief descriptions. In this paper, we introduce \textbf{VidCoM}, a fast adaptive framework that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to reason about videos using lightweight visual tools. Specifically, we reveal that the key to responding to specific instructions is focusing on relevant video events, and utilize two visual tools, structured scene graph generation and descriptive image caption generation, to gather and represent the event information. Thus, a LLM enriched with world knowledge is adopted as the reasoning agent to achieve the responses by performing multiple reasoning steps on specific video events. To address the difficulty of LLMs identifying video events, we further propose an Instruction-oriented Video Events Recognition (InsOVER) algorithm. This algorithm locates the corresponding video events based on an efficient Hungarian matching between decompositions of linguistic instructions and video events, thereby enabling LLMs to interact effectively with extended videos. Extensive experiments on two typical video comprehension tasks show that the proposed tuning-free framework outperforms the pre-trained models including Flamingo-80B, to achieve the state-of-the-art performance. Our source code and system will be publicly available.
Published: 2023

35. Mastering the Task of Open Information Extraction with Large Language Models and Consistent Reasoning Environment

Author: Qi, Ji, Ji, Kaixuan, Wang, Xiaozhi, Yu, Jifan, Zeng, Kaisheng, Hou, Lei, Li, Juanzi, Xu, Bin, Qi, Ji, Ji, Kaixuan, Wang, Xiaozhi, Yu, Jifan, Zeng, Kaisheng, Hou, Lei, Li, Juanzi, and Xu, Bin
Abstract: Open Information Extraction (OIE) aims to extract objective structured knowledge from natural texts, which has attracted growing attention to build dedicated models with human experience. As the large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable in-context learning capabilities, a question arises as to whether the task of OIE can be effectively tackled with this paradigm? In this paper, we explore solving the OIE problem by constructing an appropriate reasoning environment for LLMs. Specifically, we first propose a method to effectively estimate the discrepancy of syntactic distribution between a LLM and test samples, which can serve as correlation evidence for preparing positive demonstrations. Upon the evidence, we introduce a simple yet effective mechanism to establish the reasoning environment for LLMs on specific tasks. Without bells and whistles, experimental results on the standard CaRB benchmark demonstrate that our $6$-shot approach outperforms state-of-the-art supervised method, achieving an $55.3$ $F_1$ score. Further experiments on TACRED and ACE05 show that our method can naturally generalize to other information extraction tasks, resulting in improvements of $5.7$ and $6.8$ $F_1$ scores, respectively.
Published: 2023

36. ViLTA: Enhancing Vision-Language Pre-training through Textual Augmentation

Author: Wang, Weihan, Yang, Zhen, Xu, Bin, Li, Juanzi, Sun, Yankui, Wang, Weihan, Yang, Zhen, Xu, Bin, Li, Juanzi, and Sun, Yankui
Abstract: Vision-language pre-training (VLP) methods are blossoming recently, and its crucial goal is to jointly learn visual and textual features via a transformer-based architecture, demonstrating promising improvements on a variety of vision-language tasks. Prior arts usually focus on how to align visual and textual features, but strategies for improving the robustness of model and speeding up model convergence are left insufficiently explored. In this paper, we propose a novel method ViLTA, comprising of two components to further facilitate the model to learn fine-grained representations among image-text pairs. For Masked Language Modeling (MLM), we propose a cross-distillation method to generate soft labels to enhance the robustness of model, which alleviates the problem of treating synonyms of masked words as negative samples in one-hot labels. For Image-Text Matching (ITM), we leverage the current language encoder to synthesize hard negatives based on the context of language input, encouraging the model to learn high-quality representations by increasing the difficulty of the ITM task. By leveraging the above techniques, our ViLTA can achieve better performance on various vision-language tasks. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that the effectiveness of ViLTA and its promising potential for vision-language pre-training., Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2023

37. Towards General Low-Light Raw Noise Synthesis and Modeling

Author: Zhang, Feng, Xu, Bin, Li, Zhiqiang, Liu, Xinran, Lu, Qingbo, Gao, Changxin, Sang, Nong, Zhang, Feng, Xu, Bin, Li, Zhiqiang, Liu, Xinran, Lu, Qingbo, Gao, Changxin, and Sang, Nong
Abstract: Modeling and synthesizing low-light raw noise is a fundamental problem for computational photography and image processing applications. Although most recent works have adopted physics-based models to synthesize noise, the signal-independent noise in low-light conditions is far more complicated and varies dramatically across camera sensors, which is beyond the description of these models. To address this issue, we introduce a new perspective to synthesize the signal-independent noise by a generative model. Specifically, we synthesize the signal-dependent and signal-independent noise in a physics- and learning-based manner, respectively. In this way, our method can be considered as a general model, that is, it can simultaneously learn different noise characteristics for different ISO levels and generalize to various sensors. Subsequently, we present an effective multi-scale discriminator termed Fourier transformer discriminator (FTD) to distinguish the noise distribution accurately. Additionally, we collect a new low-light raw denoising (LRD) dataset for training and benchmarking. Qualitative validation shows that the noise generated by our proposed noise model can be highly similar to the real noise in terms of distribution. Furthermore, extensive denoising experiments demonstrate that our method performs favorably against state-of-the-art methods on different sensors., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures. Accepted by ICCV 2023
Published: 2023

38. KoLA: Carefully Benchmarking World Knowledge of Large Language Models

Author: Yu, Jifan, Wang, Xiaozhi, Tu, Shangqing, Cao, Shulin, Zhang-Li, Daniel, Lv, Xin, Peng, Hao, Yao, Zijun, Zhang, Xiaohan, Li, Hanming, Li, Chunyang, Zhang, Zheyuan, Bai, Yushi, Liu, Yantao, Xin, Amy, Lin, Nianyi, Yun, Kaifeng, Gong, Linlu, Chen, Jianhui, Wu, Zhili, Qi, Yunjia, Li, Weikai, Guan, Yong, Zeng, Kaisheng, Qi, Ji, Jin, Hailong, Liu, Jinxin, Gu, Yu, Yao, Yuan, Ding, Ning, Hou, Lei, Liu, Zhiyuan, Xu, Bin, Tang, Jie, Li, Juanzi, Yu, Jifan, Wang, Xiaozhi, Tu, Shangqing, Cao, Shulin, Zhang-Li, Daniel, Lv, Xin, Peng, Hao, Yao, Zijun, Zhang, Xiaohan, Li, Hanming, Li, Chunyang, Zhang, Zheyuan, Bai, Yushi, Liu, Yantao, Xin, Amy, Lin, Nianyi, Yun, Kaifeng, Gong, Linlu, Chen, Jianhui, Wu, Zhili, Qi, Yunjia, Li, Weikai, Guan, Yong, Zeng, Kaisheng, Qi, Ji, Jin, Hailong, Liu, Jinxin, Gu, Yu, Yao, Yuan, Ding, Ning, Hou, Lei, Liu, Zhiyuan, Xu, Bin, Tang, Jie, and Li, Juanzi
Abstract: The unprecedented performance of large language models (LLMs) necessitates improvements in evaluations. Rather than merely exploring the breadth of LLM abilities, we believe meticulous and thoughtful designs are essential to thorough, unbiased, and applicable evaluations. Given the importance of world knowledge to LLMs, we construct a Knowledge-oriented LLM Assessment benchmark (KoLA), in which we carefully design three crucial factors: (1) For ability modeling, we mimic human cognition to form a four-level taxonomy of knowledge-related abilities, covering $19$ tasks. (2) For data, to ensure fair comparisons, we use both Wikipedia, a corpus prevalently pre-trained by LLMs, along with continuously collected emerging corpora, aiming to evaluate the capacity to handle unseen data and evolving knowledge. (3) For evaluation criteria, we adopt a contrastive system, including overall standard scores for better numerical comparability across tasks and models and a unique self-contrast metric for automatically evaluating knowledge hallucination. We evaluate $21$ open-source and commercial LLMs and obtain some intriguing findings. The KoLA dataset and open-participation leaderboard are publicly released at https://kola.xlore.cn and will be continuously updated to provide references for developing LLMs and knowledge-related systems.
Published: 2023

39. Coal liquefaction in a flowing-solvent reactor : experiments and kinetic modelling

Author: Xu, Bin
Subjects: 660, Tetralin
Published: 1995

40. Hexameric Aggregation Nucleation Core Sequences and Diversity of Pathogenic Tau Strains

Author: Wu, Ling, Madhavan, Sidharth S., Tan, Christopher, Xu, Bin, Wu, Ling, Madhavan, Sidharth S., Tan, Christopher, and Xu, Bin
Abstract: Tau aggregation associates with multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease and rare tauopathies such as Pick’s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration. The molecular and structural basis of tau aggregation and related diverse misfolded tau strains are not fully understood. To further understand tau-protein aggregation mechanisms, we performed systematic truncation mutagenesis and mapped key segments of tau proteins that contribute to tau aggregation, where it was determined that microtubule binding domains R2 and R3 play critical roles. We validated that R2- or R3-related hexameric PHF6 and PHF6* peptide sequences are necessary sequences that render tau amyloidogenicity. We also determined that the consensus VQI peptide sequence is not sufficient for amyloidogenicity. We further proposed single- and dual-nucleation core-based strain classifications based on recent cryo-EM structures. We analyzed the structural environment of the hexameric peptide sequences in diverse tau strains in tauopathies that, in part, explains why the VQI consensus core sequence is not sufficient to induce tau aggregation. Our experimental work and complementary structural analysis highlighted the indispensible roles of the hexameric core sequences, and shed light on how the interaction environment of these core sequences contributes to diverse pathogenic tau-strains formation in various tauopathy brains.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped CeO2 nanorods for efficient photocatalytic VOCs degradation

Author: Yang, Hui, Jia, Lu, Haraguchi, Jun, Wang, Yue, Xu, Bin, Zhang, Qitao, Nan, Zhaodong, Zhang, Ming, Ohno, Teruhisa, Yang, Hui, Jia, Lu, Haraguchi, Jun, Wang, Yue, Xu, Bin, Zhang, Qitao, Nan, Zhaodong, Zhang, Ming, and Ohno, Teruhisa
Abstract: Ceria and its derivatives are environmentally-friendly and sustainable photocatalysts with a strong oxygen storage/release ability, good photostability, and high cost-effectiveness. In this work, nitrogen and sulfur synchronously doped ceria (NS-CeO2) with a regular nanorod morphology was successfully prepared, in which doping was obtained just from one precursor and by one-step calcination treatment. The photooxidation performance of acetaldehyde on NS-CeO2 was significantly better than that on undoped ceria. As confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the oxygen atoms exposed on the surface were partially replaced after doping with nitrogen and sulfur, resulting in the generation of new impurity level states near the Fermi level and reduction of the bandgap of NS-CeO2. Meanwhile, the increased concentration of oxygen vacancies formed a doping transition state which can act as an effective electron capture center. In addition, this transition state further exhibits a mediation role in interfacial charge separation due to its effective restriction of the recombination of electrons and holes, which can further improve the photocatalytic performance of NS-CeO2. Herein, an effective strategy for synthesizing non-metal doped CeO2-based semiconductor photocatalysts that can degrade volatile organic compounds is proposed.
Published: 2022

42. EDUKG: a Heterogeneous Sustainable K-12 Educational Knowledge Graph

Author: Zhao, Bowen, Sun, Jiuding, Xu, Bin, Lu, Xingyu, Li, Yuchen, Yu, Jifan, Liu, Minghui, Zhang, Tingjian, Chen, Qiuyang, Li, Hanming, Hou, Lei, Li, Juanzi, Zhao, Bowen, Sun, Jiuding, Xu, Bin, Lu, Xingyu, Li, Yuchen, Yu, Jifan, Liu, Minghui, Zhang, Tingjian, Chen, Qiuyang, Li, Hanming, Hou, Lei, and Li, Juanzi
Abstract: Web and artificial intelligence technologies, especially semantic web and knowledge graph (KG), have recently raised significant attention in educational scenarios. Nevertheless, subject-specific KGs for K-12 education still lack sufficiency and sustainability from knowledge and data perspectives. To tackle these issues, we propose EDUKG, a heterogeneous sustainable K-12 Educational Knowledge Graph. We first design an interdisciplinary and fine-grained ontology for uniformly modeling knowledge and resource in K-12 education, where we define 635 classes, 445 object properties, and 1314 datatype properties in total. Guided by this ontology, we propose a flexible methodology for interactively extracting factual knowledge from textbooks. Furthermore, we establish a general mechanism based on our proposed generalized entity linking system for EDUKG's sustainable maintenance, which can dynamically index numerous heterogeneous resources and data with knowledge topics in EDUKG. We further evaluate EDUKG to illustrate its sufficiency, richness, and variability. We publish EDUKG with more than 252 million entities and 3.86 billion triplets. Our code and data repository is now available at https://github.com/THU-KEG/EDUKG., Comment: 17 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2022

43. ConstGCN: Constrained Transmission-based Graph Convolutional Networks for Document-level Relation Extraction

Author: Qi, Ji, Xu, Bin, Zeng, Kaisheng, Liu, Jinxin, Yu, Jifan, Gao, Qi, Li, Juanzi, Hou, Lei, Qi, Ji, Xu, Bin, Zeng, Kaisheng, Liu, Jinxin, Yu, Jifan, Gao, Qi, Li, Juanzi, and Hou, Lei
Abstract: Document-level relation extraction with graph neural networks faces a fundamental graph construction gap between training and inference - the golden graph structure only available during training, which causes that most methods adopt heuristic or syntactic rules to construct a prior graph as a pseudo proxy. In this paper, we propose $\textbf{ConstGCN}$, a novel graph convolutional network which performs knowledge-based information propagation between entities along with all specific relation spaces without any prior graph construction. Specifically, it updates the entity representation by aggregating information from all other entities along with each relation space, thus modeling the relation-aware spatial information. To control the information flow passing through the indeterminate relation spaces, we propose to constrain the propagation using transmitting scores learned from the Noise Contrastive Estimation between fact triples. Experimental results show that our method outperforms the previous state-of-the-art (SOTA) approaches on the DocRE dataset.
Published: 2022

44. A STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF NOVICE EFL TEACHERS’ DIGITAL LITERACY ON STUDENTS’ LEARNING ANXIETY

Author: Xu, Bin and Xu, Bin
Published: 2022

45. THE EFFECT OF ELIMINATING TENSION IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND PHYSICAL EXERCISE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PSYCHOLOGY

Author: Liu, Ziyu, Sun, Qingyao, Xu, Bin, Liu, Ziyu, Sun, Qingyao, and Xu, Bin
Published: 2022

46. RESEARCH ON THE STRATEGY OF PROMOTING THE HIGH-QUALITY DEVELOPMENT OF PARTY CONSTRUCTION IN COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES BASED ON SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

Author: Xu, Bin and Xu, Bin
Published: 2022

47. RESEARCH ON THE PATH OF INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION AND ABILITY TRAINING FOR STUDENTS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PSYCHOLOGY

Author: Chan, Haopeng, Xu, Bin, Li, Yong, Chan, Haopeng, Xu, Bin, and Li, Yong
Published: 2022

48. A Critical Analysis of Image-based Camera Pose Estimation Techniques

Author: Xu, Meng, Wang, Youchen, Xu, Bin, Zhang, Jun, Ren, Jian, Poslad, Stefan, Xu, Pengfei, Xu, Meng, Wang, Youchen, Xu, Bin, Zhang, Jun, Ren, Jian, Poslad, Stefan, and Xu, Pengfei
Abstract: Camera, and associated with its objects within the field of view, localization could benefit many computer vision fields, such as autonomous driving, robot navigation, and augmented reality (AR). In this survey, we first introduce specific application areas and the evaluation metrics for camera localization pose according to different sub-tasks (learning-based 2D-2D task, feature-based 2D-3D task, and 3D-3D task). Then, we review common methods for structure-based camera pose estimation approaches, absolute pose regression and relative pose regression approaches by critically modelling the methods to inspire further improvements in their algorithms such as loss functions, neural network structures. Furthermore, we summarise what are the popular datasets used for camera localization and compare the quantitative and qualitative results of these methods with detailed performance metrics. Finally, we discuss future research possibilities and applications.
Published: 2022

49. DSCA: A Dual-Stream Network with Cross-Attention on Whole-Slide Image Pyramids for Cancer Prognosis

Author: Liu, Pei, Fu, Bo, Ye, Feng, Yang, Rui, Xu, Bin, Ji, Luping, Liu, Pei, Fu, Bo, Ye, Feng, Yang, Rui, Xu, Bin, and Ji, Luping
Abstract: The cancer prognosis on gigapixel Whole-Slide Images (WSIs) has always been a challenging task. To further enhance WSI visual representations, existing methods have explored image pyramids, instead of single-resolution images, in WSIs. In spite of this, they still face two major problems: high computational cost and the unnoticed semantical gap in multi-resolution feature fusion. To tackle these problems, this paper proposes to efficiently exploit WSI pyramids from a new perspective, the dual-stream network with cross-attention (DSCA). Our key idea is to utilize two sub-streams to process the WSI patches with two resolutions, where a square pooling is devised in a high-resolution stream to significantly reduce computational costs, and a cross-attention-based method is proposed to properly handle the fusion of dual-stream features. We validate our DSCA on three publicly-available datasets with a total number of 3,101 WSIs from 1,911 patients. Our experiments and ablation studies verify that (i) the proposed DSCA could outperform existing state-of-the-art methods in cancer prognosis, by an average C-Index improvement of around 4.6%; (ii) our DSCA network is more efficient in computation -- it has more learnable parameters (6.31M vs. 860.18K) but less computational costs (2.51G vs. 4.94G), compared to a typical existing multi-resolution network. (iii) the key components of DSCA, dual-stream and cross-attention, indeed contribute to our model's performance, gaining an average C-Index rise of around 2.0% while maintaining a relatively-small computational load. Our DSCA could serve as an alternative and effective tool for WSI-based cancer prognosis., Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, 7 tables
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Study on the flow pattern and pressure fluctuation in a vertical volute centrifugal pump with vaned diffuser under near stall conditions

Author: Yang, Gang, Zhang, Desheng, Yang, Xueqi, Xu, Bin, Zhao, Xutao, van Esch, B.P.M., Yang, Gang, Zhang, Desheng, Yang, Xueqi, Xu, Bin, Zhao, Xutao, and van Esch, B.P.M.
Abstract: The vertical volute centrifugal pump is widely used in the long-distance water division project. Flow separation and vortex phenomenon can be observed in the vaned diffuser under near stall operating conditions. This kind of unsteady flow structures would result in the instability of the pump unit which affect the safety and reliability of the unit operation. In this paper, the unsteady flow patterns and induced pressure fluctuation in a vertical volute centrifugal pump with vaned diffuser were simulated based on the SAS turbulence model and refined mesh under near stall conditions. The research results show that the SST turbulence model combined with the selected grid can be validated in the CFD uncertainty analysis during the steady calculation based on the ITTC relevant procedures. The performance results predicted by the SAS turbulence model show quite good agreement with the experimental data, and the prediction errors were less than 5%. The 3D flow matching between the flow angle at the impeller blade outlet and the incidence angle of the guide vane at different spans would induce the stall inception of the pump. The flow patterns of the pump under near stall conditions were revealed combined with vorticity and streamline distributions. When the pump unit was operated under near stall conditions, the main frequency changed from the blade passing frequency 7fn to 0.9fn. It was found that the main frequency was mainly affected by the large-scale vortices in the vaned diffuser, and the main vortices in the vaned diffuser appear at every 0.9 time of the period of one revolution of impeller.
Published: 2022

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