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Tingting Xu,1,* Wei Sun,2,* Hongqing Zhao,3,* Xinmin Wang,4 Qi Yuan,1 Xijie Zhang,1 Shan Mao,5 Xiuwei Zhang,6 Mingming Zhao,7 Zebo Sheng,8 Mingshun Zhang,9 Mao Huang,1 Ningfei Ji1 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xishan People’s Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi Second People’s Hospital, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shuyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suqian, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Gaochun People’s Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changshu First People’s Hospital, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 9Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Mao Huang; Ningfei Ji, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-13813886116 ; +86-18951080699, Email hm6114@163.com; jiningfei@163.comPurpose: Hospitalization for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is considered as severe exacerbations. Readmission for severe exacerbations is a crucial event for COPD patients. However, factors associated with readmission for severe exacerbations are

We report the observation of an extremely large magnetoresistance (up to 15 000 000% at 1.8 K in a magnetic field of 9 T) in a simple chemical element, gray arsenic, in which the magnitude of the magnetoresistance increases as approximately the square of the magnetic field strength without any signs of saturation. The Hall-effect study confirms that gray arsenic is a nearly perfect

We report the observation of an extremely large magnetoresistance (up to 15 000 000% at 1.8 K in a magnetic field of 9 T) in a simple chemical element, gray arsenic, in which the magnitude of the magnetoresistance increases as approximately the square of the magnetic field strength without any signs of saturation. The Hall-effect study confirms that gray arsenic is a nearly perfect

Air pollution is estimated to cause 1.6 million premature deaths in China every year and in the winter 2016/17 Beijing had to issue health alerts and put in place ad hoc limitations on industrial and vehicular activity. Much of this pollution is attributed to emissions from industrial processes and in particular coal combustion. By contrast, the diffuse pollutant sources within the city are less well understood. This includes, e.g., emissions from the Beijing traffic fleet, the sewage system, food preparation, solid fuel combustion in the streets and small industrial processes. Within the framework of a major UK-Chinese collaboration to study air pollution and its impact on human health in Beijing, we therefore measured fluxes of a large range of pollutants from a height of 102 m on the meteorological tower at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics during two contrasting periods (Nov/Dec 2016 and May/Jun 2017). We mounted some instruments on the tower and housed others in a measurement container at its base. Fluxes were quantified by eddy-covariance for the gases CO2, CO, NOx, O3, a large number of VOCs and, for the first time above an urban area, NH3. In addition, we measured aerosol fluxes in terms of total particle number, size-segregated particle number (0.06 to 20 µm) and chemically resolved, using an eddy-covariance flux system based on an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (non-refractory PM1 NH4+, NO3-, SO42-, Cl- organic aerosol) and trialling a single particle soot spectrometer (SP2, DMT) for black carbon. Fluxes were similar in magnitude to Western city centre locations, but with important differences: (a) aerosol emissions included SO2- and Cl- not previously observed; (b) NH3 fluxes were larger than estimated for, e.g., UK cities; (c) NOx fluxes were lower than predicted by the emission inventories, whilst the opposite has been found in the UK and Austria.

Air pollution is estimated to cause 1.6 million premature deaths in China every year and in the winter 2016/17 Beijing had to issue health alerts and put in place ad hoc limitations on industrial and vehicular activity. Much of this pollution is attributed to emissions from industrial processes and in particular coal combustion. By contrast, the diffuse pollutant sources within the city are less well understood. This includes, e.g., emissions from the Beijing traffic fleet, the sewage system, food preparation, solid fuel combustion in the streets and small industrial processes. Within the framework of a major UK-Chinese collaboration to study air pollution and its impact on human health in Beijing, we therefore measured fluxes of a large range of pollutants from a height of 102 m on the meteorological tower at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics during two contrasting periods (Nov/Dec 2016 and May/Jun 2017). We mounted some instruments on the tower and housed others in a measurement container at its base. Fluxes were quantified by eddy-covariance for the gases CO2, CO, NOx, O3, a large number of VOCs and, for the first time above an urban area, NH3. In addition, we measured aerosol fluxes in terms of total particle number, size-segregated particle number (0.06 to 20 µm) and chemically resolved, using an eddy-covariance flux system based on an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (non-refractory PM1 NH4+, NO3-, SO42-, Cl- organic aerosol) and trialling a single particle soot spectrometer (SP2, DMT) for black carbon. Fluxes were similar in magnitude to Western city centre locations, but with important differences: (a) aerosol emissions included SO2- and Cl- not previously observed; (b) NH3 fluxes were larger than estimated for, e.g., UK cities; (c) NOx fluxes were lower than predicted by the emission inventories, whilst the opposite has been found in the UK and Austria.

We report the observation of an extremely large magnetoresistance (up to 15 000 000% at 1.8 K in a magnetic field of 9 T) in a simple chemical element, gray arsenic, in which the magnitude of the magnetoresistance increases as approximately the square of the magnetic field strength without any signs of saturation. The Hall-effect study confirms that gray arsenic is a nearly perfect

A comprehensive investigation of grain effect (size and distribution) in discrete element modelling of intact rock is carefully conducted through simulating Brazilian disc and uniaxial compressive tests on an intact rock using Universal Distinct Element Code. All the investigations are performed based on the same group of material parameters. Six sizes of Voronoi tessellation grains ranging from 1 to 6 mm are investigated. To investigate the influence of grain assemblage distribution, five different polygonal grain assemblages are created and tested for uniaxial compression and Brazilian disc tests. The simulation results demonstrate that grain size and assemblage distribution play a significant role in the numerical modelling of intact rock using discrete element method. It is found that larger particle size produces higher stiffness and strength. It is also observed that a more homogeneous model can produce higher strength (compressive strength, tensile strength). The modelled Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio have been demonstrated to be dependent on the grain effect.

Ferroaluminate-type cement has a slurry setting time of 60 min and a final setting time of 210 min. The hardened body, which has good waterproofing quality and corrosion resistance, also recrystallises after its bearing has been disrupted. The cementing material can not only solve some problems in backfilling with tailings of a full size range but can also improve mining intensity and productivity. Resources of the basic material are widespread and the technology simple, giving it good prospects for application., Ferroaluminate-type cement has a slurry setting time of 60 min and a final setting time of 210 min. The hardened body, which has good waterproofing quality and corrosion resistance, also recrystallises after its bearing has been disrupted. The cementing material can not only solve some problems in backfilling with tailings of a full size range but can also improve mining intensity and productivity. Resources of the basic material are widespread and the technology simple, giving it good prospects for application.

A qualified system of cemented fill has been developed at the mine in accordance with the key techniques and parameters of cemented rockfill derived from test modelling of a large stope. The technique adopted has improved mining safety and reduced fill costs by about Yuan 4 200 000-5 000 000/a. The results of the research provide a good example for other similar mines., A qualified system of cemented fill has been developed at the mine in accordance with the key techniques and parameters of cemented rockfill derived from test modelling of a large stope. The technique adopted has improved mining safety and reduced fill costs by about Yuan 4 200 000-5 000 000/a. The results of the research provide a good example for other similar mines.

The technological and economic feasibility of the safe mining of waterproof pillars at the mine in Hunan were investigated. Pillars were extracted in advance of mining and the technique can be used in mines with similar conditions., The technological and economic feasibility of the safe mining of waterproof pillars at the mine in Hunan were investigated. Pillars were extracted in advance of mining and the technique can be used in mines with similar conditions.

A discussion is presented of the safety factors, mining methods and rock mechanics involved in the operation., A discussion is presented of the safety factors, mining methods and rock mechanics involved in the operation.

The activated titanium anode has overcome many defects of the graphite anode, such as large resistance, high bath voltage, high power consumption, short service life and slow mercury evolution., The activated titanium anode has overcome many defects of the graphite anode, such as large resistance, high bath voltage, high power consumption, short service life and slow mercury evolution.