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The recent increasing interest in detecting gravitational waves (GWs) by lunar seismic measurement urges us to have a clear understanding of the response of the moon to passing GWs. In this paper, we clarify the relationship between two seemly different response functions which have been derived previously using two different methods, one taking the field-theory approach and the other using the tidal force induced by GWs. We revisit their derivation and prove, by both analytical arguments and numerical calculations, that the two response functions are equivalent. Their apparent difference can be attributed to the choice of different coordinates. Using the correct response function, we calculate the sensitivities (to GWs) of several designed lunar seismometers, and find that the sensitivity curves between $10^{-3}$ and $0.1$ Hz are much flatter than the previous calculations based on normal-mode model. Our results will help clarifying the scientific objectives of lunar GW observation, as well as provide important constraints on the design of lunar GW detectors., Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review D

Background: Epigenome-wide association studies have revealed multiple DNA methylation sites (CpGs) associated with alcohol consumption, an important lifestyle risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Results:We generated an alcohol consumption epigenetic risk score (ERS) based on previously reported 144 alcohol-associated CpGs and examined the association of the ERS with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and hypertension (HTN) in 3,898 Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants. We found an association of alcohol intake with the ERS in the meta-analysis with 0.09 units higher ERS per drink consumed per day (p<0.0001). Cross-sectional analyses in FHS revealed that a one-unit increment of the ERS was associated with 1.93 mm Hg higher SBP (p=4.64E-07), 0.68 mm Hg higher DBP (p=0.006), and an odds ratio of 1.78 for HTN (p<2E-16). Meta-analysis of the cross-sectional association of the ERS with BP traits in eight independent external cohorts (n=11,544) showed similar relationships with blood pressure levels, i.e., a one-unit increase in ERS was associated with 0.74 (p=0.002) and 0.50 (p=0.0006) mm Hg higher SBP and DBP, but could not confirm the association with hypertension. Longitudinal analyses in FHS (n=3,260) and five independent external cohorts (n=4,021) showed that the baseline ERS was not associated with a change in blood pressure over time or with incident HTN. Our findings: Our findings provide proof-of-concept that utilizing an ERS is a useful approach to capture the recent health consequences of lifestyle behaviors such as alcohol consumption.

The value of text classification's future research has encountered challenges and uncertainties, due to the extraordinary efficacy demonstrated by large language models (LLMs) across numerous downstream NLP tasks. In this era of open-ended language modeling, where task boundaries are gradually fading, an urgent question emerges: have we made significant advances in text classification under the full benefit of LLMs? To answer this question, we propose RGPT, an adaptive boosting framework tailored to produce a specialized text classification LLM by recurrently ensembling a pool of strong base learners. The base learners are constructed by adaptively adjusting the distribution of training samples and iteratively fine-tuning LLMs with them. Such base learners are then ensembled to be a specialized text classification LLM, by recurrently incorporating the historical predictions from the previous learners. Through a comprehensive empirical comparison, we show that RGPT significantly outperforms 8 SOTA PLMs and 7 SOTA LLMs on four benchmarks by 1.36% on average. Further evaluation experiments show a clear surpassing of RGPT over human classification.

BACKGROUND: Metabolite signatures of long-term alcohol consumption are lacking. To better understand the molecular basis linking alcohol drinking and cardiovascular disease (CVD), we investigated circulating metabolites associated with long-term alcohol consumption and examined whether these metabolites were associated with incident CVD. METHODS: Cumulative average alcohol consumption (g/day) was derived from the total consumption of beer, wine, and liquor on average of 19 years in 2428 Framingham Heart Study Offspring participants (mean age 56 years, 52% women). We used linear mixed models to investigate the associations of alcohol consumption with 211 log-transformed plasma metabolites, adjusting for age, sex, batch, smoking, diet, physical activity, BMI, and familial relationship. Cox models were used to test the association of alcohol-related metabolite scores with fatal and nonfatal incident CVD (myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, stroke, and heart failure). RESULTS: We identified 60 metabolites associated with cumulative average alcohol consumption (p < 0.05/211 ≈ 0.00024). For example, 1 g/day increase of alcohol consumption was associated with higher levels of cholesteryl esters (e.g., CE 16:1, beta = 0.023 ± 0.002, p = 6.3e - 45) and phosphatidylcholine (e.g., PC 32:1, beta = 0.021 ± 0.002, p = 3.1e - 38). Survival analysis identified that 10 alcohol-associated metabolites were also associated with a differential CVD risk after adjusting for age, sex, and batch. Further, we built two alcohol consumption weighted metabolite scores using these 10 metabolites and showed that, with adjustment age, sex, batch, and common CVD risk factors, the two scores had comparable but opposite associations with incident CVD, hazard ratio 1.11 (95% CI = [1.02, 1.21], p = 0.02) vs 0.88 (95% CI = [0.78, 0.98], p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: We identified 60 long-term alcohol consumption-associated metabolites. The association analysis with incident CVD su

Functional biomaterial is already an important aspect in modern therapeutics; yet, the design of novel multi-functional biomaterial is still a challenging task nowadays. When several biofunctional components are present, the complexity that arises from their combinations and interactions will lead to tedious trial-and-error screening. In this work, a novel strategy of biomaterial rational design through the marriage of gradient surface generation with statistical learning is presented. Not only can parameter combinations be screened in a high-throughput fashion, but also the optimal conditions beyond the experimentally tested range can be extrapolated from the models. The power of the strategy is demonstrated in rationally designing an unprecedented ternary functionalized surface for orthopedic implant, with optimal osteogenic, angiogenic, and neurogenic activities, and its optimality and the best osteointegration promotion are confirmed in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The presented strategy is expected to open up new possibilities in the rational design of biomaterials. © 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

Large language models (LLMs) and their variants have shown extraordinary efficacy across numerous downstream natural language processing (NLP) tasks, which has presented a new vision for the development of NLP. Despite their remarkable performance in natural language generating (NLG), LLMs lack a distinct focus on the emotion understanding domain. As a result, using LLMs for emotion recognition may lead to suboptimal and inadequate precision. Another limitation of LLMs is that they are typical trained without leveraging multi-modal information. To overcome these limitations, we propose DialogueLLM, a context and emotion knowledge tuned LLM that is obtained by fine-tuning LLaMA models with 13,638 multi-modal (i.e., texts and videos) emotional dialogues. The visual information is considered as the supplementary knowledge to construct high-quality instructions. We offer a comprehensive evaluation of our proposed model on three benchmarking emotion recognition in conversations (ERC) datasets and compare the results against the SOTA baselines and other SOTA LLMs. Additionally, DialogueLLM-7B can be easily trained using LoRA on a 40GB A100 GPU in 5 hours, facilitating reproducibility for other researchers.

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Acquiring precise information about the mode content of a laser is critical for multiplexed optical communications, optical imaging with active wave-front control, and quantum-limited interferometric measurements. Hologram-based mode decomposition devices, such as spatial light modulators, allow a fast, direct measurement of the mode content, but they have limited precision due to cross coupling between modes. Here, we report a proof-of-principle demonstration of mode decomposition with a metasurface, resulting in significantly enhanced precision. A mode-weight fluctuation of 6×10-7 was measured with 1 s of averaging at a Fourier frequency of 80 Hz, an improvement of more than three orders of magnitude compared to the state-of-the-art spatial light modulator decomposition. The improvement is attributable to the reduction in cross coupling enabled by the exceptionally small pixel size of the metasurface. We show a systematic study of the limiting sources of noise, and we show that there is a promising path towards complete mode decomposition with similar precision.

Yilin Xiong,1,&ast; Yuqiao Han,1,&ast; Zinan Zhao,1,&ast; Wenting Gao,2 Yong Ma,2 Shiyu Jiang,1 Mengyao Wang,1 Qingqing Zhang,3 Yun Zhou,4 Yang Chen1 1Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Genome Engineered Animal Models for Human Disease, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China; 3Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Clinical Nutrition, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yang ChenDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section of Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86 411 86110350Email yangchen@dmu.edu.cnYun ZhouDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 411 84690722Fax +86 411 84672130Email dmu_yunzhou@yeah.netPurpose: Antibiotic resistance is a growing health crisis that is further complicated by treatment failures caused by bacteria that exhibit heterogeneous susceptibility to antibiotics. The aim of this study was to describe imipenem (IPM)-heteroresistant strains among multidrug-resistant (MDR) ESBL/AmpC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates, investigate their molecular phenotypic characteristics, and elucidate the outcome of antibiotic treatment in mice infected with the heteroresistant isolates.Materials and Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility of K. pneumoniae isolates was determined by the disk diffusion and E-test methods. Heteroresistance to IPM was confirmed by population analysis profile (PAP) assays. PCR and sequencing were employed to detect MDR determin

Qing-E Xie,1– 3,* Xin Du,4,* Mengyao Wang,1,2,5 Fenfen Xie,3 Zuoyang Zhang,6 Yunxia Cao,1,2,5,7,8 Yajing Liu1,2,5,7,8 1Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People’s Republic of China; 2NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 4 901th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Heifei, 230031, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 5Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 7Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 8Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yunxia Cao; Yajing Liu Email caoyunxia6@126.com; 13385690561@163.comPurpose: Cumulative evidence has demonstrated that breast cancer was the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Despite growing evidence for a link between serotonin and tumorigenesis, research on the expression of serotoninergic systems in the human breast cancer cell and tissue has only rarely been reported.Methods: First, immunofluorescence staining, ELISA and Western blotting were used to detect serotonin and melatoninergic systems in various breast cancer cell types. Then, serotonin expression was evaluated in the cultures of TPBC

Near-unstable cavities have been proposed as an enabling technology for future gravitational wave detectors, as their compact structure and large beam spots can reduce the coating thermal noise of the interferometer. We present a tabletop experiment investigating the behaviour of an optical cavity as it is parametrically pushed to geometrical instability. We report on the observed degeneracies of the cavity's eigenmodes as the cavity becomes unstable and the resonance conditions become hyper-sensitive to mirror surface imperfections. A simple model of the cavity and precise measurements of the resonant frequencies allow us to characterize the stability of the cavity and give an estimate of the mirror astigmatism. The significance of these results for gravitational wave detectors is discussed, and avenues for further research are suggested., Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures

The Einstein Telescope (ET) is a proposed future gravitational wave detector. Its design is original, using a triangular orientation of three detectors and a xylophone configuration, splitting each detector into one high-frequency and one low-frequency system. In other aspects the current design retains the dual-recycled Michelson interferometer typical of current detectors, such as Advanced LIGO. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of replacing the low-frequency part of the ET detectors with a Sagnac interferometer. We show that a Sagnac interferometer, using realistic optical parameters based on the ET design, could provide a similar level of radiation pressure noise suppression without the need for a signal recycling mirror and the extensive filter cavities. We consider the practical issues of a realistic, power-recycled Sagnac, using linear arm cavities and polarizing optics. In particular, we investigate the effects of nonperfect polarizing optics and propose a new method for the generation of a local oscillator field similar to the DC readout scheme of current detectors., Comment: 15 pages, 15 figures

The Mapping Digital Media project examines the global opportunities and risks created by the transition from traditional to digital media. Covering 60 countries, the project examines how these changes affect the core democratic service that any media system should provide: news about political, economic, and social affairs.The story of media digitization in China is inseparable from the country's recent modernization. Probably nowhere else have so many other things been changing at the same time as the technological advances with which this study is concerned. And probably nowhere else has digitization flourished on such a scale in such a closed media environment. As a result, digitization has transformed the diversity of information and public opinion for many millions of people.As of December 2011, there were 513 million internet users, 155 million broadband subscribers, and over 1 billion mobile phone users in China. At the same time, the internet is still beyond the reach of 800 million Chinese who rely almost exclusively on television for their information and entertainment, in particular the mammoth state broadcaster China Central Television (CCTV). But a sign of the profound changes taking place is that this year (2012) the time people spend on the internet is set to overtake that which they spend watching television.Although China is already the world's biggest media market, there are still hundreds of millions of people with little knowledge or understanding of how the media are used and how they might use the media. A nationwide media literacy campaign would help educate people to participate in public life so that the opportunities which digitization brings can be more widely enjoyed.

Gravitational wave detectors from the advanced generation onwards are expected to be limited in sensitivity by thermal noise of the optics, making the reduction of this noise a key factor in the success of such detectors. A proposed method for reducing the impact of this noise is to use higher-order Laguerre-Gauss (LG) modes for the readout beam, as opposed to the currently used fundamental mode. We present here a synopsis of the research program undertaken by the University of Birmingham into the suitability of LG mode technology for future gravitational wave detectors. This will cover our previous and current work on this topic, from initial simulations and table-top LG mode experiments up to implementation in a prototype scale suspended cavity and high-power laser bench.