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Esta investigación pescuda o debate acerca das comarcas acontecido en Galicia desde que este se expón como tal, tanto no que respecta aos discursos que se xeraron ao seu redor como aos mapas que se foron deseñando. O obxectivo principal consiste en determinar os distintos significados que se lle atribuíron a esta escala territorial en Galicia, de xeito que se dea determinado como foron evolucionando. Para acadar este obxectivo, desenvolvemos unha análise bibliográfica en profundidade, con especial dedicación á recollida sistemática e cartografado de todas as divisións territoriais realizadas (n=134). Metodoloxicamente, empregamos tamén técnicas cualitativas para obter uns resultados máis ricos e plurais no que fai á experiencia comarcalizadora dos anos 1990-2000, cando se produciu un proceso de comarcalización como tal do país. Os resultados acadados permiten evidenciar que os discursos, os mapas e os significados das comarcas foron mudando en relación cos contextos políticos e académicos nos que se inseriron, cunha particular relevancia que acadaron as motivacións de tipo ideolóxico, nomeadamente o rol concedido ás comarcas polo nacionalismo galego.

Context. Near open clusters as Pleiades, Praesepe and Blanco 1 have been extensively studied due to their proximity to the Sun. The Gaia data brings the opportunity to investigate these clusters, since it contains valuable astrometric and photometric information which can be used to update their kinematic and stellar properties. Aims. Our goal is to carry out a star membership study in these nearby open clusters employing an astrometric model with proper motions and an unsupervised clustering machine learning algorithm using positions, proper motions and parallaxes. The star members are selected from the cross-matching between both methods. Methods. We use the Gaia DR3 catalogue to determine star members using two approaches: a classical Bayesian model and the unsupervised machine learning algorithm DBSCAN. For star members we build the radial density profiles, the spatial distributions and compute the King parameters. The ages and metallicities were estimated using the BASE-9 Bayesian software. Results. We identified 958, 744 and 488 star members for the Pleiades, Praesepe and Blanco 1 respectively. We corrected the distances and built the spatial distributions, finding that Praesepe and Blanco 1 have elongated shape structures. The distances, ages and metallicities obtained were consistent with the reported in the literature. Conclusions. We obtained catalogues of star members, updated kinematic and stellar parameters for these open clusters. We found that the proper motions model can find a similar number of members as the unsupervised clustering algorithm does when the cluster population form an overdensity in the vector point diagram. It allows to select an adequate size of the proper motions region to run these methods. Our analysis found stars that are being directed towards the outskirts of the Praesepe and Blanco 1, which exhibit elongated shapes., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics

Les monografies regionals constitueixen un vehicle d’expressió capital de la Geografia desenvolupada sensu lato a la primera meitat del segle xx. Mitjançant unes determinades convencions establertes per l’escola francesa de Geografia Regional clàssica, van ser emprades en diversos contexts; entre ells, es destaca l’escola catalana de Geografia i la seva producció de monografies comarcals, sobretot els anys 1920-1930. El present article elucida si va existir una generació correlativa de monografies comarcals a Galícia. Per això, analitza un corpus de més de 40 documents agrupats en tres fases successives, entre les dècades de 1920 i 1980. La recerca acaba per debatre aquests textos estudiats en relació amb els cànons de la monografia regional francesa i de la monografia comarcal catalana., Regional monographs, a major vehicle of expression for Geography, developed in a broad sense in the first half of the 20th century. With certain conventions established by the French school of classical Regional Geography, regional monographs were used in various contexts; among them, the Catalan school of Geography and its production of county monographs stand out, especially in the 1920s-1930s. This article elucidates whether there was a similar generation of county monographs in Galicia. To do so, this paper analyses a corpus of more than 40 documents grouped into three successive phases, produced between the 1920s and the 1980s. The research ends up discussing the texts under examination in relation to the French regional monograph canon and the Catalan county monograph one., Las monografías regionales constituyen un vehículo de expresión capital de la Geografía desarrollada sensu lato en la primera mitad del siglo xx. Mediante unas determinadas convenciones establecidas por la escuela francesa de Geografía Regional clásica, fueron empleadas en diversos contextos; entre ellos, se destaca la escuela catalana de Geografía y su producción de monografías comarcales, sobre todo en los años 1920-1930. El presente artículo elucida si existió una generación correlativa de monografías comarcales en Galicia. Para ello, analiza un corpus de más de 40 documentos agrupados en tres fases sucesivas, entre las décadas de 1920 y 1980. La investigación acaba por debatir estos textos estudiados en relación con los cánones de la monografía regional francesa y de la monografía regional catalana., As monografías rexionais constitúen un vehículo de expresión capital da Xeografía desenvolvida sensu lato na primeira metade do século xx. Mediante unhas determinades convencións estabelecidas pola escola francesa de Xeografía Rexional clásica, foron empregadas en diversos contextos; entre eles, destácase a escola catalá de Xeografía e a súa produción de monografías comarcais, nomeadamente nos anos 1920-1930. O presente artigo elucida se existiu unha xeración correlativa de monografías comarcais en Galiza. Para iso, analiza un corpus de máis de 40 documentos agrupados en tres fases sucesivas, entre as décadas de 1920 e 1980. A pescuda remata por debater estes textos estudados en relación cos canons da monografía rexional francesa e da monografia comarcal catalá.

Les monografies regionals constitueixen un vehicle d’expressió capital de la Geografia desenvolupada sensu lato a la primera meitat del segle xx. Mitjançant unes determinades convencions establertes per l’escola francesa de Geografia Regional clàssica, van ser emprades en diversos contexts; entre ells, es destaca l’escola catalana de Geografia i la seva producció de monografies comarcals, sobretot els anys 1920-1930. El present article elucida si va existir una generació correlativa de monografies comarcals a Galícia. Per això, analitza un corpus de més de 40 documents agrupats en tres fases successives, entre les dècades de 1920 i 1980. La recerca acaba per debatre aquests textos estudiats en relació amb els cànons de la monografia regional francesa i de la monografia comarcal catalana., Regional monographs, a major vehicle of expression for Geography, developed in a broad sense in the first half of the 20th century. With certain conventions established by the French school of classical Regional Geography, regional monographs were used in various contexts; among them, the Catalan school of Geography and its production of county monographs stand out, especially in the 1920s-1930s. This article elucidates whether there was a similar generation of county monographs in Galicia. To do so, this paper analyses a corpus of more than 40 documents grouped into three successive phases, produced between the 1920s and the 1980s. The research ends up discussing the texts under examination in relation to the French regional monograph canon and the Catalan county monograph one., Las monografías regionales constituyen un vehículo de expresión capital de la Geografía desarrollada sensu lato en la primera mitad del siglo xx. Mediante unas determinadas convenciones establecidas por la escuela francesa de Geografía Regional clásica, fueron empleadas en diversos contextos; entre ellos, se destaca la escuela catalana de Geografía y su producción de monografías comarcales, sobre todo en los años 1920-1930. El presente artículo elucida si existió una generación correlativa de monografías comarcales en Galicia. Para ello, analiza un corpus de más de 40 documentos agrupados en tres fases sucesivas, entre las décadas de 1920 y 1980. La investigación acaba por debatir estos textos estudiados en relación con los cánones de la monografía regional francesa y de la monografía regional catalana., As monografías rexionais constitúen un vehículo de expresión capital da Xeografía desenvolvida sensu lato na primeira metade do século xx. Mediante unhas determinades convencións estabelecidas pola escola francesa de Xeografía Rexional clásica, foron empregadas en diversos contextos; entre eles, destácase a escola catalá de Xeografía e a súa produción de monografías comarcais, nomeadamente nos anos 1920-1930. O presente artigo elucida se existiu unha xeración correlativa de monografías comarcais en Galiza. Para iso, analiza un corpus de máis de 40 documentos agrupados en tres fases sucesivas, entre as décadas de 1920 e 1980. A pescuda remata por debater estes textos estudados en relación cos canons da monografía rexional francesa e da monografia comarcal catalá.

Machine learning (ML) is a promising approach for predicting small molecule properties in drug discovery. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of various ML methods introduced for this purpose in recent years. We review a wide range of properties, including binding affinities, solubility, and ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity). We discuss existing popular datasets and molecular descriptors and embeddings, such as chemical fingerprints and graph-based neural networks. We highlight also challenges of predicting and optimizing multiple properties during hit-to-lead and lead optimization stages of drug discovery and explore briefly possible multi-objective optimization techniques that can be used to balance diverse properties while optimizing lead candidates. Finally, techniques to provide an understanding of model predictions, especially for critical decision-making in drug discovery are assessed. Overall, this review provides insights into the landscape of ML models for small molecule property predictions in drug discovery. So far, there are multiple diverse approaches, but their performances are often comparable. Neural networks, while more flexible, do not always outperform simpler models. This shows that the availability of high-quality training data remains crucial for training accurate models and there is a need for standardized benchmarks, additional performance metrics, and best practices to enable richer comparisons between the different techniques and models that can shed a better light on the differences between the many techniques., Comment: 46 pages, 1 figure

CRUE-CSIC (Acuerdos Transformativos 2022), Gelling ability of a bean protein isolate (BPI) obtained from a naturally low-lectin variety (Phaseolus vulgaris var. Almonga) was analysed. For that purpose differences on gels processing: concentration (14% and 17%), salt addition (0 and 2%), and pH (6.5 –lot A- and 7 –lot B), were studied to obtain suitable colour, mechanical and viscoelastic properties for making appropriate meat and seafood analogues. Gelation at pH 7 at both 14 and 17% BPI concentrations, produced less rigid, more flexible, time-stable and cohesive gel networks. Colour of the resulting gels was white enough to be considered as an adequate base for making plant-based analogues. The content of total galactoside, inositol phosphates and trypsin inhibitors (bioactive compounds) present in one serving (100 g) of these BPI gels were up to 0.80 mg/g, 8.06 mg/g and 239 TIUs, respectively., Depto. de Producción Animal, Sección Dptal. de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos (Veterinaria), Fac. de Veterinaria, TRUE, pub

Gelling ability of a bean protein isolate (BPI) obtained from a naturally low-lectin variety (Phaseolus vulgaris var. Almonga) was analysed. For that purpose differences on gels processing: concentration (14% and 17%), salt addition (0 and 2%), and pH (6.5 -lot A- and 7 -lot B), were studied to obtain suitable colour, mechanical and viscoelastic properties for making appropriate meat and seafood analogues. Gelation at pH 7 at both 14 and 17% BPI concentrations, produced less rigid, more flexible, time-stable and cohesive gel networks. Colour of the resulting gels was white enough to be considered as an adequate base for making plant-based analogues. The content of total galactoside, inositol phosphates and trypsin inhibitors (bioactive compounds) present in one serving (100 g) of these BPI gels were up to 0.80 mg/g, 8.06 mg/g and 239 TIUs, respectively.

Metal nanoparticles (NPs), particularly gold nanorods (AuNRs), appear as excellent platforms not only to transport and deliver bioactive cargoes but also to provide additional therapeutic responses for diseased cells and tissues and/or to complement the action of the carried molecules. In this manner, here, we optimized a previous developed metal-based nanoplatform composed of an AuNR core surrounded by a polymeric shell constructed by means of the layer-by-layer approach, and in which very large amounts of the antineoplasic drug doxorubicin (DOXO) in a single loading step and targeting capability thanks to an outer hyaluronic acid layer were incorporated by means of an optimized fabrication process (PSS/DOXO/PLL/HA-coated AuNRs). The platform retained its nanometer size with a negative surface charge and was colloidally stable in a range of physiological conditions, in which only in some of them some particle clustering was noted with no precipitation. In addition, the dual stimuli-responsiveness of the designed nanoplatform to both endogenous proteases and external applied light stimuli allows to perfectly manipulate the chemodrug release rates and profiles to achieve suitable pharmacodynamics. It was observed that the inherent active targeting abilities of the nanoplatfom allow the achievement of specific cell toxicity in tumoral cervical HeLa cells, whilst healthy ones such as 3T3-Balb fibroblast remain safe and alive in agreement with the detected levels of internalization in each cell line. In addition, the bimodal action of simultaneous chemo- and photothermal bioactivity provided by the platform largely enhances the therapeutic outcomes. Finally, it was observed that our PSS/DOXO/PLL/HA-coated AuNRs induced cell mortality mainly through apoptosis in HeLa cells even in the presence of NIR light irradiation, which agrees with the idea of the chemo-activity of DOXO predominating over the photothermal effect to induce cell death, favoring an apoptotic pathway ov

Gelling ability of a bean protein isolate (BPI) obtained from a naturally low-lectin variety (Phaseolus vulgaris var. Almonga) was analysed. For that purpose differences on gels processing: concentration (14% and 17%), salt addition (0 and 2%), and pH (6.5 –lot A- and 7 –lot B), were studied to obtain suitable colour, mechanical and viscoelastic properties for making appropriate meat and seafood analogues. Gelation at pH 7 at both 14 and 17% BPI concentrations, produced less rigid, more flexible, time-stable and cohesive gel networks. Colour of the resulting gels was white enough to be considered as an adequate base for making plant-based analogues. The content of total galactoside, inositol phosphates and trypsin inhibitors (bioactive compounds) present in one serving (100 g) of these BPI gels were up to 0.80 mg/g, 8.06 mg/g and 239 TIUs, respectively.

El presente trabajo TFM de título Simulación de la instalación domótica de una vivienda mediante el software Blender, consiste en la realización del modelo en Blender de una vivienda partiendo de los planos de la misma, así como la creación de los elementos domoticos y las reglas logicas que permiten el funcionamiento de los elementos, según las situaciones o escenarios que se van a realizar, asi como la demostración del funcionamiento de los mismos integrados en la vivienda. Por otra parte, se va a crear además de los elementos domoticos, el resto de los elementos de la vivienda como muebles y electrodomesticos, para poder interactuar con la vivienda. Así como añadir material y texturas a todos ellos, para que en conjunto con los elementos lumínicos que se van a añadir, logar el efecto más realista posible., This project, Simulation of the home automation installation of a home using the Blender software, consists of the realization of the model in Blender of a home, based on the plans of the same, as well as the creation of the home automation elements and the logical rules, that allow the operation of the elements, according to the situations or scenarios that are going to be carried out. As well as the demonstration of the operation of the elements integrated into the house. On the other hand, in addition to the home automation elements, the rest of the elements of the house such as furniture and household appliances will be built in order to interact with the house. As well as adding material and textures to all of them, so that together with the lighting elements that are going to be added, achieve the most realistic effect possible.

[Resumen] La movilidad urbana es uno de los factores más importantes, no solo para la correcta planificación de las ciudades, sino también para la gestión sostenible del transporte doméstico. Se han puesto en marcha numerosas iniciativas para mejorar los niveles de congestión y contaminación urbana. En España se ha implantado un sistema de patinetas eléctricas de uso compartido, a través de una app móvil. En 2020, dados sus exitosos resultados, esta iniciativa se ha extendido hasta en 11 grandes ciudades españolas. El objetivo de este artículo es aplicar diferentes modelos de valoración de proyectos de inversión a una empresa de alquiler de motocicletas eléctricas urbanas, con el fin de evaluar cuál de estos modelos presenta el mejor escenario económico y financiero para la empresa., [Abstract] Urban mobility is one of the most important factors, not only for the correct planning of cities, but also for the sustainable management of domestic transport. Numerous initiatives have been launched to improve levels of urban congestion and pollution. In Spain, a shared-use electric skateboard system has been implemented through a mobile app. In 2020, given its successful results, this initiative has been extended to up to 11 large Spanish cities. The objective of this article is to apply different investment project valuation models to an urban electric motorcycle rental company, in order to evaluate which of these models presents the best economic and financial scenario for the company.

Urban mobility is one of the most important factors, not only for the correct planning of cities, but also for the sustainable management of domestic transport. Numerous initiatives have been launched to improve levels of urban congestion and pollution. In Spain, a shared-use electric skateboard system has been implemented through a mobile app. In 2020, given its successful results, this initiative has been extended to up to 11 large Spanish cities. The objective of this article is to apply different investment project valuation models to an urban electric motorcycle rental company, in order to evaluate which of these models presents the best economic and financial scenario for the company., La movilidad urbana es uno de los factores más importantes, no solo para la correcta planificación de las ciudades, sino también para la gestión sostenible del transporte doméstico. Se han puesto en marcha numerosas iniciativas para mejorar los niveles de congestión y contaminación urbana. En España se ha implantado un sistema de patinetas eléctricas de uso compartido, a través de una app móvil. En 2020, dados sus exitosos resultados, esta iniciativa se ha extendido hasta en 11 grandes ciudades españolas. El objetivo de este artículo es aplicar diferentes modelos de valoración de proyectos de inversión a una empresa de alquiler de motocicletas eléctricas urbanas, con el fin de evaluar cuál de estos modelos presenta el mejor escenario económico y financiero para la empresa. Palabras clave: movilidad urbana, valor actual neto, opciones reales, España

El presente trabajo TFM de título Simulación de la instalación domótica de una vivienda mediante el software Blender, consiste en la realización del modelo en Blender de una vivienda partiendo de los planos de la misma, así como la creación de los elementos domoticos y las reglas logicas que permiten el funcionamiento de los elementos, según las situaciones o escenarios que se van a realizar, asi como la demostración del funcionamiento de los mismos integrados en la vivienda. Por otra parte, se va a crear además de los elementos domoticos, el resto de los elementos de la vivienda como muebles y electrodomesticos, para poder interactuar con la vivienda. Así como añadir material y texturas a todos ellos, para que en conjunto con los elementos lumínicos que se van a añadir, logar el efecto más realista posible., This project, Simulation of the home automation installation of a home using the Blender software, consists of the realization of the model in Blender of a home, based on the plans of the same, as well as the creation of the home automation elements and the logical rules, that allow the operation of the elements, according to the situations or scenarios that are going to be carried out. As well as the demonstration of the operation of the elements integrated into the house. On the other hand, in addition to the home automation elements, the rest of the elements of the house such as furniture and household appliances will be built in order to interact with the house. As well as adding material and textures to all of them, so that together with the lighting elements that are going to be added, achieve the most realistic effect possible.

La movilidad urbana es uno de los factores más importantes, no solo para la correcta planificación de las ciudades, sino también para la gestión sostenible del transporte doméstico. Se han puesto en marcha numerosas iniciativas para mejorar los niveles de congestión y contaminación urbana. En España se ha implantado un sistema de patinetas eléctricas de uso compartido, a través de una app móvil. En 2020, dados sus exitosos resultados, esta iniciativa se ha extendido hasta en 11 grandes ciudades españolas. El objetivo de este artículo es aplicar diferentes modelos de valoración de proyectos de inversión a una empresa de alquiler de motocicletas eléctricas urbanas, con el fin de evaluar cuál de estos modelos presenta el mejor escenario económico y financiero para la empresa. Palabras clave: movilidad urbana, valor actual neto, opciones reales, España

La movilidad urbana es uno de los factores más importantes, no solo para la correcta planificación de las ciudades, sino también para la gestión sostenible del transporte doméstico. Se han puesto en marcha numerosas iniciativas para mejorar los niveles de congestión y contaminación urbana. En España se ha implantado un sistema de patinetas eléctricas de uso compartido, a través de una app móvil. En 2020, dados sus exitosos resultados, esta iniciativa se ha extendido hasta en 11 grandes ciudades españolas. El objetivo de este artículo es aplicar diferentes modelos de valoración de proyectos de inversión a una empresa de alquiler de motocicletas eléctricas urbanas, con el fin de evaluar cuál de estos modelos presenta el mejor escenario económico y financiero para la empresa. Palabras clave: movilidad urbana, valor actual neto, opciones reales, España

Urban mobility is one of the most important factors, not only for the correct planning of cities, but also for the sustainable management of domestic transport. Numerous initiatives have been launched to improve levels of urban congestion and pollution. In Spain, a shared-use electric skateboard system has been implemented through a mobile app. In 2020, given its successful results, this initiative has been extended to up to 11 large Spanish cities. The objective of this article is to apply different investment project valuation models to an urban electric motorcycle rental company, in order to evaluate which of these models presents the best economic and financial scenario for the company., La movilidad urbana es uno de los factores más importantes, no solo para la correcta planificación de las ciudades, sino también para la gestión sostenible del transporte doméstico. Se han puesto en marcha numerosas iniciativas para mejorar los niveles de congestión y contaminación urbana. En España se ha implantado un sistema de patinetas eléctricas de uso compartido, a través de una app móvil. En 2020, dados sus exitosos resultados, esta iniciativa se ha extendido hasta en 11 grandes ciudades españolas. El objetivo de este artículo es aplicar diferentes modelos de valoración de proyectos de inversión a una empresa de alquiler de motocicletas eléctricas urbanas, con el fin de evaluar cuál de estos modelos presenta el mejor escenario económico y financiero para la empresa. Palabras clave: movilidad urbana, valor actual neto, opciones reales, España

We revisit the subject of Be star candidates towards the Magellanic Clouds, previously studied by the authors using SPM4 proper motions. We obtain GAIA DR2 parallaxes and proper motions for 2357 and 994 LMC and SMC Be candidates, respectively. Parallaxes and proper motions vs. color V-I easily reveal the presence of the redder galactic contaminant foreground, as concluded in our previous work, but this time we do find a few red Be stars candidates consistent with being true Magellanic objects. A membership assessment to each Magellanic Cloud is done for each Be candidate, based on the distribution of their parallaxes and proper motions. From a compilation of published catalogues of spectroscopically confirmed Be stars, we found that 40 (LMC) and 64 (SMC) of these Be candidates, are in fact Be stars. Near infrared IRSF JHKs magnitudes were obtained for about 70% the Be stars candidates with GAIA DR2 astrometric data. Mid-infrared SAGE IRAC 3.6, 4.5, 5.8 and 8.0 $\mu$m magnitudes were obtained for about 85% as well. 6 LMC and 7 SMC confirmed Be stars show optical, near- or mid-infrared colours redder than what has been typically measured for Classical Be stars. Several of the Be candidates follow those redder-than-expected colours distributions suggesting the existence of more red Magellanic Be stars., Comment: Slight change in title, two new more authors, 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted by MNRAS

We revisit the subject of Be star candidates towards the Magellanic Clouds, previously studied by the authors using SPM4 proper motions. We obtain GAIA DR2 parallaxes and proper motions for 2357 and 994 LMC and SMC Be candidates, respectively. Parallaxes and proper motions vs. color V-I easily reveal the presence of the redder galactic contaminant foreground, as concluded in our previous work, but this time we do find a few red Be stars candidates consistent with being true Magellanic objects. A membership assessment to each Magellanic Cloud is done for each Be candidate, based on the distribution of their parallaxes and proper motions. From a compilation of published catalogues of spectroscopically confirmed Be stars, we found that 40 (LMC) and 64 (SMC) of these Be candidates, are in fact Be stars. Near infrared IRSF JHKs magnitudes were obtained for about 70% the Be stars candidates with GAIA DR2 astrometric data. Mid-infrared SAGE IRAC 3.6, 4.5, 5.8 and 8.0 $\mu$m magnitudes were obtained for about 85% as well. 6 LMC and 7 SMC confirmed Be stars show optical, near- or mid-infrared colours redder than what has been typically measured for Classical Be stars. Several of the Be candidates follow those redder-than-expected colours distributions suggesting the existence of more red Magellanic Be stars., Comment: Slight change in title, two new more authors, 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted by MNRAS

This work presents theoretical and experimental results regarding the feasibility of introducing an active lubri-cation concept in tilting pad journal bearings (TPJBs) featuring the leading edge groove (LEG) lubrication system. The modification of the oil flow into each pad supply groove by means of servovalves renders the bearing active, due to the resulting alteration of the oil film pressure field. Experimental results obtained in a suitable test rig enables verification of the concept feasibility at the component level, considering a single tilting pad, load on pad configuration, supporting a rigid rotor. Secondly, theoretical results portray the application of this technology in a 5-pad, load between pad LEG TPJB, aimed at performing active control of vibrations in a flexible rotor setup. The proposed technology exhibits benefits in terms of the ability to excite system dynamics to perform in-situ identification experiments, as well as to reduce the rotor vibration amplitude.

This article constitutes the second step in a research effort aiming at evaluating the feasibility of introducing active characteristics into standard leading edge groove (LEG) tilting pad journal bearings. The strategy proposed is to control the LEG inlet flow using a servovalve. This work portrays the first experimental study for the“proof of concept” of this configuration, as well as a comparison with theoretical results. A simplified setup, featuring a rigid rotor supported by a single pad arrangement is the subject of study. The obtained results prove the viability of the proposed active bearing design, validate the available simulation tool and exemplify on a conceptual level the operational benefits from introducing this technology into standard LEG Tilting Pad Bearings.

We present a proper motion investigation of a sample of Be star candidates towards the Magellanic Clouds, which has resulted in the identification of separate populations, in the Galactic foreground and in the Magellanic background. Be stars are broadly speaking B-type stars that have shown emission lines in their spectra. In this work, we studied a sample of 2446 and 1019 Be star candidates towards the LMC and SMC respectively, taken from the literature and proposed as possible Be stars due to their variability behaviour in the OGLE-II I band. JHKs magnitudes from the IRSF catalog and proper motions from the SPM4 catalog, were obtained for 1188 and 619 LMC and SMC Be stars candidates, respectively. Color-color and vector-point diagrams were used to identify different populations among the Be star candidates. In the LMC sample, two populations with distinctive infrared colours and kinematics were found, the bluer sample is consistent with being in the LMC and the redder one with belonging to the Milky Way disk. This settles the nature of the redder sample which had been described in previous publications as a possible unknown subclass of stars among the Be candidates in the LMC. In the SMC sample, a similar but less evident result was obtained, since this apparent unknown subclass was not seen in this galaxy. We confirm that in the selection of Be stars by their variability, although generally successful, there is a higher risk of contamination by Milky Way objects towards redder B$-$V and V$-$I colors., Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the replacement of soybean for winter peas with different levels of protease inhibitors, both trypsin and chymotrypsin, on the performance of fatty pigs. Were used a total of 192 Duroc hybrid barrows, with 61 days-old (22.1 kg), which were slaughtered with 167 days of age (121.0 kg). There were three varieties of peas in diets Cartouche (CAR), Iceberg (ICE) and Luna (LUN), with 9.87, 5.75 and 12.55 trypsin-inhibited units (UTI/mg) and 10.16, 8.62 and 15.75 chymotrypsininhibited units (CIU/mg), respectively. The design, in completely randomized blocks, had four treatments according the pea included in the diet control (with soybean), CAR, ICE and LUN diets, with 12 replicates of four pigs per treatment. At the end of the experimental period, pigs fed the control diet were heavier (P < 0.01) and showed higher daily weight gains (P < 0.01) and daily feed intake (P < 0.05) than those fed CAR and LUN diets, with those that received the ICE diet in an intermediate position. These results are mainly due to the first periods (from 61 to 83 days of age), because growth performances were scarcely affected later. No influence of the diet was observed on carcass and meat quality (P > 0.10). It concludes that winter peas with 5.75 TIU/mg and 8.62 CIU/mg, can replace soybean from 84 to 167 days of age, without affecting yield, carcass quality, main lean cuts and intramuscular fat loin content and major fatty acids proportion (C160, C180, C181n-9) of subcutaneous fat. © 2017, Asociacion Interprofesional para el Desarrollo Agrario. All Rights Reserved.

We present a proper motion investigation of a sample of Be star candidates towards the Magellanic Clouds, which has resulted in the identification of separate populations, in the Galactic foreground and in the Magellanic background. Be stars are broadly speaking B-type stars that have shown emission lines in their spectra. In this work, we studied a sample of 2446 and 1019 Be star candidates towards the LMC and SMC respectively, taken from the literature and proposed as possible Be stars due to their variability behaviour in the OGLE-II I band. JHKs magnitudes from the IRSF catalog and proper motions from the SPM4 catalog, were obtained for 1188 and 619 LMC and SMC Be stars candidates, respectively. Color-color and vector-point diagrams were used to identify different populations among the Be star candidates. In the LMC sample, two populations with distinctive infrared colours and kinematics were found, the bluer sample is consistent with being in the LMC and the redder one with belonging to the Milky Way disk. This settles the nature of the redder sample which had been described in previous publications as a possible unknown subclass of stars among the Be candidates in the LMC. In the SMC sample, a similar but less evident result was obtained, since this apparent unknown subclass was not seen in this galaxy. We confirm that in the selection of Be stars by their variability, although generally successful, there is a higher risk of contamination by Milky Way objects towards redder B$-$V and V$-$I colors., Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures

This article presents the experimental identification of the equivalent dynamic coefficients of an activelylubricated bearing under different lubrication regimes, namely: passive (no injection flow), hybrid (constant injection flow) and feedback-controlled (variable injection flow) lubrication. The main goal is to provide an overview on the feasibility of modifying its dynamic properties via active lubrication. The pressurized oil injection flow, which enables the hybrid and the feedback-controlled lubrication regimes, is regulated by a hydraulic control system composed of a) a high pressure oil supply unit, b) servovalves, c) radial injection nozzles, d) displacement sensors and e) well-tuned digital controllers which turn the bearing static and dynamic properties controllable. A scaled-down industrial rotor, composed by a flexible rotor supported by a four rocker LBP tilting-pad journal bearing featuring active lubrication under light load conditions, is used for such a goal. The experimental identification is performed in the frequency domain by means of the measured FRFs and a finite element model of the rotor. The comparison between results under the different lubrication regimes, presented along with their expanded uncertainty, provides experimental evidence of the modification of the bearing properties via the active lubrication.

Dynamic characteristics of polymer faced tilting pad journal bearings are presented. Investigations are conducted using a single pad, load on pad configuration over a range of shaft speeds and loads. Two polyether ether ketone (PEEK) faced pads, one polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) faced pad and two entirely PEEK pads are investigated to determine the effect of varying mean bearing pressure and pivot characteristics as well as different material properties of the polymer layer. Experimental results indicate increased damping and decreased stiffness and slightly increased oil film temperature for entirely PEEK pads compared to pads with a PEEK lining and steel backing. Similar effects were observed by using a softer (PTFE) pad liner with a steel backing., QC 20140611

In recent years, a continuous research effort has transformed the conventional tilting-pad journal bearing into a mechatronic machine element. The addition of electromechanical elements provides the possibility of generating controllable forces over the rotor as a function of a suitable control signal. Such forces can be applied in order to perform parameter identification procedures in-situ, which enables evaluation of the mechanical condition of the machine in a non-invasive way. The usage of a controllable bearing as a calibrated shaker requires obtaining the bearing specific frequency dependent calibration function, i.e. the transfer function between control signal and force over the rotor. This work presents a theoretical model of the calibration function for a tilting-pad journal bearing with active lubrication. The bearing generates controllable forces by injecting pressurized oil directly into the bearing clearance. The injected flow is controlled by means of a servovalve. The theoretical model includes the dynamics of servovalves and pipelines using a lumped parameter approach, whereas the coupling between the hydraulic system and the bearing oil film is modeled using a modified form of the Reynolds equation. The oil film model is formulated considering an elastothermohydrodynamic lubrication regime. The model is used to study the relevance and effects of different parameters on the calibration function, aiming at providing general guidelines for the active bearing design. Finally, experimental results regarding the calibration function and the usage of the studied bearing as a calibrated shaker provide insight into the possibilities of application of this technology. Copyright © 2014 by ASME

Corrugated foils are utilized in air foil bearings to introduce compliance and damping thus accurate mathematical predictions are important. A corrugated foil behaviour is investigated experimentally as well as theoretically. The experimental investigation is performed by compressing the foil, between two parallel surfaces, both statically and dynamically to obtain hysteresis curves. The theoretical analysis is based on a two dimensional quasi static FE model, including geometrical non-linearities and Coulomb friction in the contact points and neglects the foil mass. A method for implementing the friction is suggested. Hysteresis curves obtained via the FE model are compared to the experimental results obtained. Good agreement is observed in the low frequency range and discrepancies for higher frequencies are thoroughly discussed.

The universality and linearity of the Leavitt law are hypotheses commonly adopted in studies of galaxy distances using Cepheid variables as standard candles. In order to test these hypotheses, we obtain slopes of the Leavitt law using linear regressions of fundamental-mode Cepheids observed by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment project in the Magellanic Clouds. We find that the slopes in $VI$-bands and in the Wesenheit index behave exponentially, indicating non-linearity. We also find that the slopes obtained using long-period Cepheids can be considered as universal in the $VI$-bands, but not in the Wesenheit index., Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS

The universality and linearity of the Leavitt law are hypotheses commonly adopted in studies of galaxy distances using Cepheid variables as standard candles. In order to test these hypotheses, we obtain slopes of the Leavitt law using linear regressions of fundamental-mode Cepheids observed by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment project in the Magellanic Clouds. We find that the slopes in $VI$-bands and in the Wesenheit index behave exponentially, indicating non-linearity. We also find that the slopes obtained using long-period Cepheids can be considered as universal in the $VI$-bands, but not in the Wesenheit index., Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Den seneste tendens indenfor design og drift af turbomaskineri stiller i større udstrækning krav om udvidelse af de operationelle grænseområder for de mekaniske systemer hvad angår produktionen, driftsikkerheden og omstillingsevnen. For at imødekomme disse behov, er det nødvendigt at benytte et nyt koncept hvori maskinen er defineret som et mekatronisk system. Denne integrerede metode inkluderer brugen af maskinelementer som er i stand til at modificere egenskaberne ved at kombinere mekaniske elementer, sensorer, behandlingsenheder samt aktuatorer. Formålet med forskningsprojektet "Mechatronics Applied to Fluid Film Bearings: Towards more Efficient Machinery" har været at forbedre den nyeste metode med hensyn til at benytte oliefilmslejer som "intelligente" maskinelementer. Dette projekt har i særdeleshed omhandlet design af et vippeskoleje som indeholder et regulerbart smørringssystem der er i stand til at modificere de statiske, termiske, og dynamiske lejeegenskaber afhængig af de operative krav som stilles. De forskningsaktiviteter som er udført i projektet inkluderer både teoetiske og eksperimentelle undersøgelser ved, at benytte en teststand bestående af en ubøjelig rotor understøttet af vippeskolejer som indeholder den regulerbare smøringsteknologi. Disse undersøgelser var rettet mod tre hovedformål. Det første hovedformål var, at forbedre den eksisterende teoretiske model for vippeskolejet med regulerbar smørring. Det andet hovedformål var, at validere den tilgængelige teoretiske model eksperimentelt med hensyn til at forudsige den statiske, termiske og dynamiske opførsel af det regulerbare leje. Det tredje hovedformål var, at evaluere egenskaberne eksperimentelt ved brugen af det regulerbare leje som en kalibreret aktuator. Indenfor disse formål, er de største originale bidrag og resultater i projektet følgende. Udarbejdelse af en teoretisk model for det undersøgte leje, som indeholder et regulerbart termoelastisk hydrodynamisk regime; udvidelse af d, The current trends regarding turbomachinery design and operation demand for an expansion of the operational boundaries of these mechanical systems, regarding production rate, reliability and adaptability. In order to face the new requirements, it is necessary to migrate towards a new concept, where the machine is defined as a mechatronic system. This integrated approach comprises the usage of machine elements capable of modifying their characteristics, by using in a combined way mechanical elements, sensors, processing units and actuators. The research project entitled "Mechatronics Applied to Fluid Film Bearings: Towards more Efficient Machinery" was aimed at improving the state of the art regarding the usage of fluid film bearings as "smart" machine elements. Specifically, this project dealt with a tilting pad journal bearing design that features a controllable lubrication system, capable of modifying the static, thermal and dynamic properties of the bearing, depending on the operational requirements at hand. The research activities carried out during the project included both theoretical as well as experimental investigations, using a test rig consisting of a rigid rotor supported by a tilting pad bearing featuring the controllable lubrication technology. These investigations were aimed at three main objectives: firstly, the improvement of the existing theoretical model for the tilting pad journal bearing with controllable lubrication; secondly, the experimental validation of the available theoretical model, regarding its capability of predicting the static, thermal and dynamic behavior of the controllable bearing; and lastly, the experimental evaluation of the feasibility of using the controllable bearing as a calibrated actuator. Within these areas, the main original contributions and results achieved during this research project are: the obtention of a theoretical model for the studied bearing, featuring a controllable thermoelastohydrodynamic regi

Aquest projecte consisteix en un videojoc 2D per a la plataforma de Android (Google). Es desenvolupa utilitzant la implementació nativa de OpenGL de la qual disposa aquesta plataforma. Aquest joc disposa de les funcionalitats més típiques, com pot ser portar els punts del jugador, un inici i un final, una lògica, música, mètode d'entrada de les instruccions per part del jugador, etc., Este proyecto consiste en un videojuego 2D para la plataforma de Android (Google). Se desarrolla utilizando la implementación nativa de OpenGL de la que dispone esta plataforma. Este juego dispone de las funcionalidades más típicas, como puede ser llevar los puntos del jugador, un inicio y un final, una lógica, música, método de entrada de las instrucciones por parte del jugador, etc.

Legume seeds are employed as a protein source for animal and human nutrition not only for their nutritional value (high in protein, lipids and dietary fibre), but also their adaptability to marginal soils and climates. Human consumption of legumes has been increased in recent years, being regarded as beneficial food ingredients. Legume seeds contain a great number of compounds which qualify as bioactive compounds with significant potentials benefits to human health. These compounds vary considerably in their biochemistry and they can be proteins, glycosides, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, etc. Hence, methods for their extraction, determination and quantification are specific of each compound. They do not appear equally distributed in all legumes, and their physiological effects are diverse. Some of these compounds are important in plant defence mechanisms against predators or environmental conditions. Others are reserve compounds, accumulated in seeds as energy stores in readiness for germination. Processing generally improves the nutrient profile of legume seed by increasing in vitro digestibility of proteins and carbohydrates and at the same time there are reductions in some antinutritional compounds. Most antinutritional factors are heat-labile, such as protease inhibitors and lectins, so thermal treatment would remove any potential negative effects from consumption. On the other hand tannins, saponins and phytic acid are heat stable but can be reduced by dehulling, soaking, germination and/or fermentation. New directions in bioactive compounds research in the last decade have led to major developments in our understanding of their role in nutrition. The scientific interest in these compounds is now also turning to studies of their possible useful and beneficial applications as gut, metabolic and hormonal regulators and as probiotic/prebiotic agents. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

The storage protein profile of seed cotyledons and the content of soluble sugar and inositol phosphates in the cotyledons and embryo axis during germination and seedling growth of two cultivars of faba bean, Vicia faba (Alameda and Brocal), were studied because little is known of the precise distribution of these compounds in the different parts of faba bean seeds. Among storage protein fractions, the legumins showed the greatest mobilization by hydrolysis 3 days after imbibition (DAI). In both bean cultivars, the raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) content, mainly present in the cotyledons, were drastically reduced by 2 DAI. However, total sugars concentration in the embryo axis at 9 DAI had increased more than 20-fold. Germination and seedling growth reduced the phytate content of the cotyledon (8-14%) and in the embryo axis (3-7%). A knowledge of the mechanism and timing of mobilization of each storage protein fraction, oligosaccharides and myo-inositol phosphates could help to establish and even rationally modify the nutritional relevance of these compounds in legume seed. © 2010 Elsevier Inc.

In recent years there has been increased interest in using lupine for human nutrition due to its nutritional properties and health benefits. Moreover, lupine is used as an ingredient in breadmaking because of its functional and technological properties. However, a higher number of allergic reactions to this legume have recently been reported as a consequence of a more widespread consumption of lupine-based foods. In a previous study, several thermal treatments were applied to lupine seeds and flours resulting in reduced allergenicity. In order to study how this thermal processing (autoclaving and boiling) affects the breadmaking properties, raw and thermally processed lupine flours were used to replace 10% of wheat flour. The effect of supplementing wheat flour with lupine flour on physical dough properties, bread structure and sensory characteristics were analysed. The results indicated that thermally-treated lupine flours, had similar breadmaking and sensorial properties as untreated lupine flour. These thermal treatments could increase the potential use of lupine flour as a food ingredient while reducing the risk to provoke allergic reactions.

available at publisher's web site.

In the last years, legume proteins are gaining importance as food ingredients because of their nutraceutical properties. However, legumes are also considered relevant in the development of food allergies through ingestion. Peanuts and soybeans are important food allergens in Western countries, while lentil and chickpea allergy are more relevant in the Mediterranean area. Information about the effects of thermal-processing procedures at various temperatures and conditions is scarce; therefore, the effect of these procedures on legume allergenic properties is not defined so far. The SDS-PAGE and IgE-immunoblotting patterns of chickpeas and lentils were analyzed before and after boiling (up to 60 min) and autoclaving (1.2 and 2.6atm, up to 30 min). The results indicated that some of these treatments reduce IgE binding to lentil and chickpea, the most important being harsh autoclaving. However, several extremely resistant immunoreactive proteins still remained in these legumes even after this extreme treatment. © 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

This work examined the content and distribution of the pyrimidine glucosides vicine and convicine, and the nonproteic amino acid l-DOPA in cotyledons and embryo axes along the germination and seedling growth of Vicia faba L. vars. Alameda and Brocal. The behaviour of these compounds was similar in both varieties. Vicine and convicine, implicated in favism disease, slowly declined in cotyledons. In embryo axis, vicine levels were sharply reduced and convicine amount was slightly increased as assay progressed. Total pyrimidine glucosides remained unchanged in the whole plant during the study. l-DOPA only appeared in the embryo axis of V. faba seeds and the highest content was observed in Brocal variety at 6 DAI (days after imbibition). The information provided in this study could be valuable for a possible role of embryo axis, rich in l-DOPA, for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and also as a choice ingredient for functional foods or as nutraceutical. © 2008 Springer-Verlag.

JOURNAL ARTICLE, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

JOURNAL ARTICLE, info:eu-repo/semantics/published