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This study revisited the Dohner prognostic hierarchy in a cohort of 1585 well-documented patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. The duration of both time to first treatment (TTFT) and overall survival (OS) were significantly longer than observed previously, and this is at least partly due to improved therapeutic options. Deletion 13q remains the most favourable prognostic group with median TTFT and OS from fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing of 72 months and >12 years, respectively. Deletion 11q had the poorest median TTFT (22 months) and 17p deletion the poorest median OS (5 years). The percentages of abnormal nuclei were significantly associated with differential TTFT for the trisomy 12, 13q and 17p deletion cohorts but not for the 11q deletion cohort. From the date of the first FISH study, patients with >85% 13q deletion nuclei had a notably shorter TTFT (24 months). Patients with ≤20% 17p deletion nuclei had longer median TTFT and OS from the date of the first FISH study (44 months and 11 years), and were more likely to be IGHV mutated.

This study revisited the Dohner prognostic hierarchy in a cohort of 1585 well-documented patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. The duration of both time to first treatment (TTFT) and overall survival (OS) were significantly longer than observed previously, and this is at least partly due to improved therapeutic options. Deletion 13q remains the most favourable prognostic group with median TTFT and OS from fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing of 72 months and >12 years, respectively. Deletion 11q had the poorest median TTFT (22 months) and 17p deletion the poorest median OS (5 years). The percentages of abnormal nuclei were significantly associated with differential TTFT for the trisomy 12, 13q and 17p deletion cohorts but not for the 11q deletion cohort. From the date of the first FISH study, patients with >85% 13q deletion nuclei had a notably shorter TTFT (24 months). Patients with ≤20% 17p deletion nuclei had longer median TTFT and OS from the date of the first FISH study (44 months and 11 years), and were more likely to be IGHV mutated.

Doctor of Philosophy in Theology, This dissertation compares the second century Greek apologist Justin Martyr’s concept of the Logos Spermatikos with the twentieth century transcendentalist theologian Karl Rahner’s understanding of what he called the supernatural existential. Despite an eighteen century gap between these two theologians, the Logos Spermatikos and the supernatural existential exhibit a distinct similarity in the thought of Justin and Rahner, especially as related to the possibility of salvation for non-Christian persons. Both men were attempting to defend Christianity in what each perceived to be a hostile environment. Justin’s apologetics aimed at showing that Christianity was not inimical to the Middle-Platonic cum Stoic philosophical system extant in second century Roman intellectual circles and hence not a public menace to the social order worthy of eradication. Justin’s efforts were focused outward. Rahner was trying to show that the Christian Church still had a viable mission to accomplish in what had become a mostly secular world in which Christianity was becoming less and less influential. Justin and Rahner each displayed in their writings a high (that is, descending) Christology. Both men pointed to the pre-existent Logos of God as the source of salvation for all people. Justin concluded that the Incarnation of the Logos (Christ) was the last and definitive manifestation of the Logos in a long line of lesser manifestations. Rahner believed that the Incarnate Logos was the “Absolute Savior.” The two notions of Logos Spermatikos and supernatural existential point to a prevenient infusion in all people of some form of the divinity of God. For Justin this was the rational principle of God that separated humanity from the rest of creation. For Rahner it was the capacity in humankind to strive toward supernatural attributes that was a constitutive part of what it means to be human. For Justin, then, the idea that all people share to some extent in the rational principle of God mea

UM-EC-2 was established from a patient with poorly differentiated stage IB endometrial carcinoma. This cell line produces tumors in nude mice that have the same histological features as the patient's tumor. UM-EC-2 cells express [beta]2-microglobulin, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF), and the H blood group antigen. This membrane antigen phenotype is consistent with cells of human endometrial origin. The karyotype of UM-EC-2 is fairly complex, with rearrangements affecting all chromosomes except 3, 10, 14, 19, and 20. There were two populations of cells, a hyperdiploid population with a modal number of 53-55 and a hypertetraploid population with a modal number of 109. A postulated sequence of events before and after tetraploidization is suggested based on the number of copies of individual chromosomes and rearrangements. Comparison of the UM-EC-2 karyotype to that of UM-EC-1 (a previously described line from a different patient with endometrial carcinoma) revealed that the two lines share eight very similar chromosome changes, which include loss of most of chromosome 4, breakpoints affecting proximal bands on 8p, loss of most of 9q, a breakpoint at 12q22, loss of 13q, breakpoints in proximal bands on 18q, and a breakpoint at 22p11. These changes may represent nonrandom chromosome abnormalities in poorly differentiated endometrial cancer. Estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PgR) receptors were not detected in either the primary tumor or the cell line. Nevertheless, UM-EC-2 cells were very sensitive to growth inhibition by tamoxifen (TAM) in vitro. One micromolar TAM caused 50% inhibition of cell growth, 2.5 [mu]M caused cytostasis, and 5 [mu]M TAM was cytotoxic, killing all cells after 5-7 days of exposure to the drug. Paradoxically, 100 nM estradiol (E2) caused a moderate increase in the growth of the cells but it did not prevent or reverse growth inhibitory effects of TAM. These findings support the concept that in some tumors TAM causes growth inhibition by a

The fluid-filled waveguide exposure chamber with a micropipette sample holder permits the examination of biological effects of microwave radiation at the molecular and cellular levels. As experience improves the apparatus it will become an ever more powerful tool for the investigation of the 'nonthermal' and thermal interaction mechanisms of microwave-induced biologic changes in living organisms. (Author)