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While remotely sensed images of various resolutions have been widely used in identifying changes in urban and peri-urban environments, only very high resolution (VHR) imagery is capable of providing the information needed for understanding the changes taking place in remote rural environments, due to the small footprints and low density of man-made structures in these settings. However, limited by data availability, mapping man-made structures and conducting subsequent change detections in remote areas are typically challenging and thus require a certain level of flexibility in algorithm design that takes into account the specific environmental and image conditions. In this study, we mapped all buildings and corrals for two remote villages in Mozambique based on two single-date VHR images that were taken in 2004 and 2012, respectively. Our algorithm takes advantage of the presence of shadows and, through a fusion of both spectra- and object-based analysis techniques, is able to differentiate buildings with metal and thatch roofs with high accuracy (overall accuracy of 86% and 94% for 2004 and 2012, respectively). The comparison of the mapping results between 2004 and 2012 reveals multiple lines of evidence suggesting that both villages, while differing in many aspects, have experienced substantial increases in the economic status. As a case study, our project demonstrates the capability of a coupling of VHR imagery with locally adjusted classification algorithms to infer the economic development of small, remote rural settlements.

The thermal behavior of two copper alloys, with 0.2 and 0.5 mass % of Mg, was analyzed after severe plastic deformation processing by Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP). Both alloys were forced to be passed through a 90º inner angle ECAP die at room temperature up to 16 passes following route Bc. The thermal stability was analyzed in terms of the recrystallization kinetics by using the Various Heating Rates method, derived from the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov equation, after analyzing the Differential Scanning Calorimetry peaks for both alloys at any pass of ECAP. The calculated recrystallization parameters included the activation energies (E (kJ mol-1) ECuMg02¿=¿42.6¿±¿19.8 ECuMg05¿=¿52.7¿±¿13 kJ mol-1) and the kinetic exponent n which took an average value of ˜ 1.75, irrespective of the considered alloy., Postprint (published version)

There is a growing demand in both food quality and quantity, but as of now, one-third of all food produced for human consumption is lost due to pests and other pathogens accounting for roughly 40% of pre-harvest loss in potatoes. Pathogens in potato plants, like the Erwinia bacteria and the PVYNTN virus for example, exhibit symptoms of varying severity that are not easily captured by pixel-based classes (as these ignore shape, texture, and context in general). The aim of this research is to develop an object-based image analysis (OBIA) method for trait retrieval of individual potato plants that maximizes information output from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) RGB very high resolution (VHR) imagery and its derivatives, to be used for disease detection of the Solanum tuberosum. The approach proposed can be split in two steps: (1) object-based mapping of potato plants using an optimized implementation of large scale mean-shift segmentation (LSMSS), and (2) classification of disease using a random forest (RF) model for a set of morphological traits computed from their associative objects. The approach was proven viable as the associative RF model detected presence of Erwinia and PVY pathogens with a maximum F1 score of 0.75 and an average Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) score of 0.47. It also shows that low-altitude imagery acquired with a commercial UAV is a viable off-the-shelf tool for precision farming, and potato pathogen detection.

Recent advances in remote sensing technologies and the cost reduction of surveying, along with the importance of natural resources management, present new opportunities for mapping land cover at a very high resolution over large areas. This paper proposes and applies a framework to update hyperspatial resolution (<1 m) land thematic mapping over large areas by handling multi-source and heterogeneous data. This framework deals with heterogeneity both from observation and the targeted features. First, observation diversity comes from the different platform and sensor types (25-cm passive optical and 1-m LiDAR) as well as the different instruments (three cameras and two LiDARs) used in heterogeneous observation conditions (date, time, and sun angle). Second, the local heterogeneity of the targeted features results from their within-type diversity and neighborhood effects. This framework is applied to surface water bodies in the southern part of Belgium (17,000 km2). This makes it possible to handle both observation and landscape contextual heterogeneity by mapping observation conditions, stratifying spatially and applying ad hoc classification procedures. The proposed framework detects 83% of the water bodies—if swimming pools are not taken into account—and more than 98% of those water bodies greater than 100 m2, with an edge accuracy below 1 m over large areas.

RIVM rapport:Dit rapport evalueert met een quick scan methode een aantal beleidsvarianten voor zonering rond VHR en WAV-gebieden, wat betreft de effectiviteit inzake de bescherming van natuurgebieden. Tevens wordt ingegaan op de mogelijke risico's van de beleidsvarianten. Uit de resultaten blijkt dat voor realisatie van de gestelde natuurdoelen (inclusief Habitatrichtlijn verplichtingen), los van de discussie over zoneringsmaatregelen, het terugdringen van de hoge achtergronddepositie met generiek beleid een conditio sine qua non is. De zoneringsvarianten kunnen wel een afwaartse beweging van landbouw ten opzichte van natuur ingang zetten. Bovendien kan zonering, mits resulterend in emissiereductie, een bijdrage leveren aan de aanpak van lokale 'hot spots', waar hoge natuurwaarde worden beinvloed door hoge lokale emissiebronnen.

RIVM rapport:Dit rapport evalueert met een quick scan methode een aantal beleidsvarianten voor zonering rond VHR en WAV-gebieden, wat betreft de effectiviteit inzake de bescherming van natuurgebieden. Tevens wordt ingegaan op de mogelijke risico's van de beleidsvarianten. Uit de resultaten blijkt dat voor realisatie van de gestelde natuurdoelen (inclusief Habitatrichtlijn verplichtingen), los van de discussie over zoneringsmaatregelen, het terugdringen van de hoge achtergronddepositie met generiek beleid een conditio sine qua non is. De zoneringsvarianten kunnen wel een afwaartse beweging van landbouw ten opzichte van natuur ingang zetten. Bovendien kan zonering, mits resulterend in emissiereductie, een bijdrage leveren aan de aanpak van lokale 'hot spots', waar hoge natuurwaarde worden beinvloed door hoge lokale emissiebronnen.

RIVM rapport:Dit rapport evalueert met een quick scan methode een aantal beleidsvarianten voor zonering rond VHR en WAV-gebieden, wat betreft de effectiviteit inzake de bescherming van natuurgebieden. Tevens wordt ingegaan op de mogelijke risico's van de beleidsvarianten. Uit de resultaten blijkt dat voor realisatie van de gestelde natuurdoelen (inclusief Habitatrichtlijn verplichtingen), los van de discussie over zoneringsmaatregelen, het terugdringen van de hoge achtergronddepositie met generiek beleid een conditio sine qua non is. De zoneringsvarianten kunnen wel een afwaartse beweging van landbouw ten opzichte van natuur ingang zetten. Bovendien kan zonering, mits resulterend in emissiereductie, een bijdrage leveren aan de aanpak van lokale 'hot spots', waar hoge natuurwaarde worden beinvloed door hoge lokale emissiebronnen.

This note presents the first results of the development of a 3D Very High Resolution seismic method. Particular attention was paid to the design of an operational system to be in agreement with the expected goals in term of acquisition and processing. A set of three examples, collected in various geological environments, is presented., Cette note présente les premiers résultats du développement d'une méthode de reconnaissance sismique très haute résolution (THR) 3D. Une attention particulière a été portée à la réalisation d'un système opérationnel en adéquation avec les objectifs visés, en termes de mise en oeuvre et de traitement. Trois exemples de volumes 3D sont présentés, dans différents contextes géologiques.

This note presents the first results of the development of a 3D Very High Resolution seismic method. Particular attention was paid to the design of an operational system to be in agreement with the expected goals in term of acquisition and processing. A set of three examples, collected in various geological environments, is presented., Cette note présente les premiers résultats du développement d'une méthode de reconnaissance sismique très haute résolution (THR) 3D. Une attention particulière a été portée à la réalisation d'un système opérationnel en adéquation avec les objectifs visés, en termes de mise en oeuvre et de traitement. Trois exemples de volumes 3D sont présentés, dans différents contextes géologiques.

This note presents the first results of the development of a 3D Very High Resolution seismic method. Particular attention was paid to the design of an operational system to be in agreement with the expected goals in term of acquisition and processing. A set of three examples, collected in various geological environments, is presented., Cette note présente les premiers résultats du développement d'une méthode de reconnaissance sismique très haute résolution (THR) 3D. Une attention particulière a été portée à la réalisation d'un système opérationnel en adéquation avec les objectifs visés, en termes de mise en oeuvre et de traitement. Trois exemples de volumes 3D sont présentés, dans différents contextes géologiques.

This note presents the first results of the development of a 3D Very High Resolution seismic method. Particular attention was paid to the design of an operational system to be in agreement with the expected goals in term of acquisition and processing. A set of three examples, collected in various geological environments, is presented., Cette note présente les premiers résultats du développement d'une méthode de reconnaissance sismique très haute résolution (THR) 3D. Une attention particulière a été portée à la réalisation d'un système opérationnel en adéquation avec les objectifs visés, en termes de mise en oeuvre et de traitement. Trois exemples de volumes 3D sont présentés, dans différents contextes géologiques.

This note presents the first results of the development of a 3D Very High Resolution seismic method. Particular attention was paid to the design of an operational system to be in agreement with the expected goals in term of acquisition and processing. A set of three examples, collected in various geological environments, is presented., Cette note présente les premiers résultats du développement d'une méthode de reconnaissance sismique très haute résolution (THR) 3D. Une attention particulière a été portée à la réalisation d'un système opérationnel en adéquation avec les objectifs visés, en termes de mise en oeuvre et de traitement. Trois exemples de volumes 3D sont présentés, dans différents contextes géologiques.