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Reference-based Super-resolution (RefSR) approaches have recently been proposed to overcome the ill-posed problem of image super-resolution by providing additional information from a high-resolution image. Multi-reference super-resolution extends this approach by allowing more information to be incorporated. This paper proposes a 2-step-weighting posterior fusion approach to combine the outputs of RefSR models with multiple references. Extensive experiments on the CUFED5 dataset demonstrate that the proposed methods can be applied to various state-of-the-art RefSR models to get a consistent improvement in image quality.

Liang Xing,1,2,* Feng Sun,1,2,* Zhendong Wang,1,2 Yan Li,1,2 Zhifang Yang,1,2 Fengshan Wang,1,3 Guangxi Zhai,3 Haining Tan1,2 1National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: In the past few years, significant progress has been made in inhibiting neovascularization at the tumor site, cutting off the nutrient supply of the tumor, and inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. However, many proteins/peptides have the disadvantage of poor stability, short half-life, and uncertain targeting ability. Chemical modification can be used to overcome these disadvantages; many polyethylene glycol-modified proteins/peptides have been approved by US FDA. The purpose of this study was to obtain a novel anti-angiogenic chondroitin sulfate (CS)-peptide nanoparticle conjugate with efficient anti-neovascularization and tumor targeting ability and an acceptable half-life. Materials and methods: The CS-ES2-AF nanoparticle conjugate was synthesized and characterized using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and particle size and zeta potential analyzer. The anti-angiogenic ability was studied using MTT, migration, tube formation, and chick chorioallantoic membrane assays. The targeting ability of CS-ES2-AF was studied by ELISA, surface plasmon resonance, and bioimaging. The pharmacokinetics was also studied.Results: The CS-ES2-AF could self-assemble into stable nanoparticles in aqueous solution, which significantly enhances its anti-neovascularization activity, tumor targeting more explicit, and prolong

Liang Xing,1,2,* Feng Sun,1,2,* Zhendong Wang,1,2 Yan Li,1,2 Zhifang Yang,1,2 Fengshan Wang,1,3 Guangxi Zhai,3 Haining Tan1,2 1National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: In the past few years, significant progress has been made in inhibiting neovascularization at the tumor site, cutting off the nutrient supply of the tumor, and inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. However, many proteins/peptides have the disadvantage of poor stability, short half-life, and uncertain targeting ability. Chemical modification can be used to overcome these disadvantages; many polyethylene glycol-modified proteins/peptides have been approved by US FDA. The purpose of this study was to obtain a novel anti-angiogenic chondroitin sulfate (CS)-peptide nanoparticle conjugate with efficient anti-neovascularization and tumor targeting ability and an acceptable half-life. Materials and methods: The CS-ES2-AF nanoparticle conjugate was synthesized and characterized using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and particle size and zeta potential analyzer. The anti-angiogenic ability was studied using MTT, migration, tube formation, and chick chorioallantoic membrane assays. The targeting ability of CS-ES2-AF was studied by ELISA, surface plasmon resonance, and bioimaging. The pharmacokinetics was also studied.Results: The CS-ES2-AF could self-assemble into stable nanoparticles in aqueous solution, which significantly enhances its anti-neovascularization activity, tumor targeting more explicit, and prolong