Author: "Su, G" / Publication Type: Electronic Resources - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

138 results on '"Su, G"'

1. A compendium of genetic regulatory effects across pig tissues

Author: Teng, J, Gao, Y, Yin, H, Bai, Z, Liu, S, Zeng, H, Bai, L, Cai, Z, Zhao, B, Li, X, Xu, Z, Lin, Q, Pan, Z, Yang, W, Yu, X, Guan, D, Hou, Y, Keel, BN, Rohrer, GA, Lindholm-Perry, AK, Oliver, WT, Ballester, M, Crespo-Piazuelo, D, Quintanilla, R, Canela-Xandri, O, Rawlik, K, Xia, C, Yao, Y, Zhao, Q, Yao, W, Yang, L, Li, H, Zhang, H, Liao, W, Chen, T, Karlskov-Mortensen, P, Fredholm, M, Amills, M, Clop, A, Giuffra, E, Wu, J, Cai, X, Diao, S, Pan, X, Wei, C, Li, J, Cheng, H, Wang, S, Su, G, Sahana, G, Lund, MS, Dekkers, JCM, Kramer, L, Tuggle, CK, Corbett, R, Groenen, MAM, Madsen, O, Godia, M, Rocha, D, Charles, M, Li, C-J, Pausch, H, Hu, X, Frantz, L, Luo, Y, Lin, L, Zhou, Z, Zhang, Z, Chen, Z, Cui, L, Xiang, R, Shen, X, Li, P, Huang, R, Tang, G, Li, M, Zhao, Y, Yi, G, Tang, Z, Jiang, J, Zhao, F, Yuan, X, Liu, X, Chen, Y, Xu, X, Zhao, S, Zhao, P, Haley, C, Zhou, H, Wang, Q, Pan, Y, Ding, X, Ma, L, Navarro, P, Zhang, Q, Li, B, Tenesa, A, Li, K, Liu, GE, Fang, L, Teng, J, Gao, Y, Yin, H, Bai, Z, Liu, S, Zeng, H, Bai, L, Cai, Z, Zhao, B, Li, X, Xu, Z, Lin, Q, Pan, Z, Yang, W, Yu, X, Guan, D, Hou, Y, Keel, BN, Rohrer, GA, Lindholm-Perry, AK, Oliver, WT, Ballester, M, Crespo-Piazuelo, D, Quintanilla, R, Canela-Xandri, O, Rawlik, K, Xia, C, Yao, Y, Zhao, Q, Yao, W, Yang, L, Li, H, Zhang, H, Liao, W, Chen, T, Karlskov-Mortensen, P, Fredholm, M, Amills, M, Clop, A, Giuffra, E, Wu, J, Cai, X, Diao, S, Pan, X, Wei, C, Li, J, Cheng, H, Wang, S, Su, G, Sahana, G, Lund, MS, Dekkers, JCM, Kramer, L, Tuggle, CK, Corbett, R, Groenen, MAM, Madsen, O, Godia, M, Rocha, D, Charles, M, Li, C-J, Pausch, H, Hu, X, Frantz, L, Luo, Y, Lin, L, Zhou, Z, Zhang, Z, Chen, Z, Cui, L, Xiang, R, Shen, X, Li, P, Huang, R, Tang, G, Li, M, Zhao, Y, Yi, G, Tang, Z, Jiang, J, Zhao, F, Yuan, X, Liu, X, Chen, Y, Xu, X, Zhao, S, Zhao, P, Haley, C, Zhou, H, Wang, Q, Pan, Y, Ding, X, Ma, L, Navarro, P, Zhang, Q, Li, B, Tenesa, A, Li, K, Liu, GE, and Fang, L
Abstract: The Farm Animal Genotype-Tissue Expression (FarmGTEx) project has been established to develop a public resource of genetic regulatory variants in livestock, which is essential for linking genetic polymorphisms to variation in phenotypes, helping fundamental biological discovery and exploitation in animal breeding and human biomedicine. Here we show results from the pilot phase of PigGTEx by processing 5,457 RNA-sequencing and 1,602 whole-genome sequencing samples passing quality control from pigs. We build a pig genotype imputation panel and associate millions of genetic variants with five types of transcriptomic phenotypes in 34 tissues. We evaluate tissue specificity of regulatory effects and elucidate molecular mechanisms of their action using multi-omics data. Leveraging this resource, we decipher regulatory mechanisms underlying 207 pig complex phenotypes and demonstrate the similarity of pigs to humans in gene expression and the genetic regulation behind complex phenotypes, supporting the importance of pigs as a human biomedical model.
Published: 2024

2. Genetic parameters for bull effects on in vitro embryo production (IVP) and relationship between semen quality traits and IVP performance

Author: Gebreyesus, G., Secher, J. B., Lund, M. S., Kupisiewicz, K., Ivask, M., Hallap, T., Pärn, P., Su, G., Gebreyesus, G., Secher, J. B., Lund, M. S., Kupisiewicz, K., Ivask, M., Hallap, T., Pärn, P., and Su, G.
Abstract: In vitro production of embryos (IVP) is increasingly applied in dairy cattle breeding and promises widespread use of females of superior genetic merits. One of the current challenges with implementation of IVP is the variability in blastocyst rates. Several factors contribute to these variabilities, among which is known to be the bull used for oocytes fertilization. The extent of genetic control of bulls’ effect on IVP performances is yet to be investigated. This study estimates genetic parameters for bull effects on IVP performance traits including blastocyst rate, hatching rate and an index trait combining Blastocyst rate, Kinetic Score, and Morphology score (BL_M_K). The IVP experiments were performed using oocytes aspirated from slaughterhouse ovaries from Holstein cows, fertilized with semen from 123 Holstein bulls. A total of 77 in vitro fertilization (IVF) experiments with 163 records (different IVF groups) were available for the analysis. The results indicate low to moderate heritability and moderate to high repeatability estimates for bull effects on IVP performance traits. Our study also showed that some semen quality traits had significant effects on IVP performance. This included strong genetic correlations between pre-cryopreservation sperm viability and blastocyst rate as well as BL_M_K score at days 7 and 8. Despite the generally weak bull effect correlations and the high standard errors of the estimates, our results provide initial evidence of a measurable genetic component in the bull's impact on IVP performance traits. However, the high standard errors underscore the need for further studies with a larger sample size.
Published: 2024

3. Genetic parameters for bull effects on in vitro embryo production (IVP) and relationship between semen quality traits and IVP performance

Author: Gebreyesus, G., Secher, J. B., Lund, M. S., Kupisiewicz, K., Ivask, M., Hallap, T., Pärn, P., Su, G., Gebreyesus, G., Secher, J. B., Lund, M. S., Kupisiewicz, K., Ivask, M., Hallap, T., Pärn, P., and Su, G.
Abstract: In vitro production of embryos (IVP) is increasingly applied in dairy cattle breeding and promises widespread use of females of superior genetic merits. One of the current challenges with implementation of IVP is the variability in blastocyst rates. Several factors contribute to these variabilities, among which is known to be the bull used for oocytes fertilization. The extent of genetic control of bulls’ effect on IVP performances is yet to be investigated. This study estimates genetic parameters for bull effects on IVP performance traits including blastocyst rate, hatching rate and an index trait combining Blastocyst rate, Kinetic Score, and Morphology score (BL_M_K). The IVP experiments were performed using oocytes aspirated from slaughterhouse ovaries from Holstein cows, fertilized with semen from 123 Holstein bulls. A total of 77 in vitro fertilization (IVF) experiments with 163 records (different IVF groups) were available for the analysis. The results indicate low to moderate heritability and moderate to high repeatability estimates for bull effects on IVP performance traits. Our study also showed that some semen quality traits had significant effects on IVP performance. This included strong genetic correlations between pre-cryopreservation sperm viability and blastocyst rate as well as BL_M_K score at days 7 and 8. Despite the generally weak bull effect correlations and the high standard errors of the estimates, our results provide initial evidence of a measurable genetic component in the bull's impact on IVP performance traits. However, the high standard errors underscore the need for further studies with a larger sample size.
Published: 2024

4. A network-based approach to identifying correlations between phylogeny, morphological traits and occurrence of fish species in US river basins.

Author: (0000-0001-5349-6271) Tripathi, R., (0000-0001-7934-0259) Reza, A., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., (0000-0001-5349-6271) Tripathi, R., (0000-0001-7934-0259) Reza, A., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., and (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J.
Abstract: The complex network framework has been successfully used to model interactions between entities in Complex Systems in the Biological Sciences such as Proteomics, Genomics, Neuroscience, and Ecology. Networks of organisms at different spatial scales and in different ecosystems have provided insights into community assembly patterns and emergent properties of ecological systems. In the present work, we investigate two questions pertaining to fish species assembly rules in US river basins, a) if morphologically similar fish species also tend to be phylogenetically closer, and b) to what extent are co-occurring species that are phylogentically close also morphologically similar? For the first question, we construct a network of Hydrologic Unit Code 8 (HUC8) regions as nodes with interaction strengths (edges) governed by the number of common species. For each of the modules of this network, which are found to be geographically separated, there is differential yet significant evidence that phylogenetic distance predicts morphological distance. For the second question, we construct and analyze nearest neighbor directed networks of species based on their morphological distances and phylogenetic distances. Through module detection on these networks and comparing the module-level mean phylogenetic distance and mean morphological distance with the number of basins of common occurrence of species in modules, we find that both phylogeny and morphology of species have significant roles in governing species co-occurrence, i.e. phylogenetically and morphologically distant species tend to co-exist more. In addition, between the two quantities (morphological distance and phylogentic distance), we find that morphological distance is a stronger determinant of species co-occurrences
Published: 2023

5. A network-based approach to identifying correlations between phylogeny, morphological traits and occurrence of fish species in US river basins.

Author: (0000-0001-5349-6271) Tripathi, R., (0000-0001-7934-0259) Reza, A., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., (0000-0001-5349-6271) Tripathi, R., (0000-0001-7934-0259) Reza, A., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., and (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J.
Abstract: The complex network framework has been successfully used to model interactions between entities in Complex Systems in the Biological Sciences such as Proteomics, Genomics, Neuroscience, and Ecology. Networks of organisms at different spatial scales and in different ecosystems have provided insights into community assembly patterns and emergent properties of ecological systems. In the present work, we investigate two questions pertaining to fish species assembly rules in US river basins, a) if morphologically similar fish species also tend to be phylogenetically closer, and b) to what extent are co-occurring species that are phylogentically close also morphologically similar? For the first question, we construct a network of Hydrologic Unit Code 8 (HUC8) regions as nodes with interaction strengths (edges) governed by the number of common species. For each of the modules of this network, which are found to be geographically separated, there is differential yet significant evidence that phylogenetic distance predicts morphological distance. For the second question, we construct and analyze nearest neighbor directed networks of species based on their morphological distances and phylogenetic distances. Through module detection on these networks and comparing the module-level mean phylogenetic distance and mean morphological distance with the number of basins of common occurrence of species in modules, we find that both phylogeny and morphology of species have significant roles in governing species co-occurrence, i.e. phylogenetically and morphologically distant species tend to co-exist more. In addition, between the two quantities (morphological distance and phylogentic distance), we find that morphological distance is a stronger determinant of species co-occurrences
Published: 2023

6. Carbon-negative co-production of methanol and activated carbon from bagasse pyrolysis, physical activation, chemical looping, and methanol synthesis

Author: Su, G, Zulkifli, NWM, Liu, L, Ong, HC, Ibrahim, S, Yu, KL, Wei, Y, Bin, F, Su, G, Zulkifli, NWM, Liu, L, Ong, HC, Ibrahim, S, Yu, KL, Wei, Y, and Bin, F
Abstract: Methanol is regarded as an important chemical precursor in the chemical industry and has huge potential to replace gasoline and diesel as vehicle fuel. Biomass to methanol is a sustainable and green production method, but its economic and environmental viability is contingent on production technologies and geographic context. This study proposed a carbon-negative methanol production method that integrated four modules of bagasse pyrolysis, physical activation, chemical looping, and methanol synthesis in the context of China. Three scenarios, including co-production of methanol and biochar, co-production of methanol and activated carbon, and co-production of methanol and activated carbon with extra hydrogen, were put forward and simulated in Aspen Plus. An evaluation system was established to quantitatively assess the carbon and energy efficiencies and economic and environmental benefits of the three scenarios. The results suggested that the addition of hydrogen effectively increased the methanol yield in Scenario 3, leading to high carbon and energy efficiencies. Scenarios 1 and 2 exhibited better economic and environmental performance with low payback periods of 6.53 and 5.80 years and low global warming potentials of −1631.18 and −710.28 kg CO2-eq/t methanol. However, Scenario 3 would be economically and environmentally feasible by decreasing hydrogen production costs and implementing green hydrogen production methods in the foreseeable future. This study provides a viable approach for sustainable methanol production in China, thereby aligning with the current imperative of achieving carbon neutrality.
Published: 2023

7. Water column dynamics control nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation by Candidatus “Methylomirabilis” in stratified lake basins

Author: Su, G., Lehmann, M.F., Tischer, J., Weber, Y., Lepori, F., Walser, J.-C., Niemann, H., Zopfi, J., Su, G., Lehmann, M.F., Tischer, J., Weber, Y., Lepori, F., Walser, J.-C., Niemann, H., and Zopfi, J.
Abstract: We investigated microbial methane oxidation in the water column of two connected but hydrodynamically contrasting basins of Lake Lugano, Switzerland. Both basins accumulate large amounts of methane in the water column below their chemoclines, but methane oxidation efficiently prevents methane from reaching surface waters. Here we show that in the meromictic North Basin water column, a substantial fraction of methane was eliminated through anaerobic methane oxidation (AOM) coupled to nitrite reduction by Candidatus Methylomirabilis. Incubations with 14CH4 and concentrated biomass from this basin showed enhanced AOM rates with nitrate (+62%) and nitrite (+43%). In the more dynamic South Basin, however, aerobic methanotrophs prevailed, Ca. Methylomirabilis was absent in the anoxic water column, and no evidence was found for nitrite-dependent AOM. Here, the duration of seasonal stratification and anoxia seems to be too short, relative to the slow growth rate of Ca. Methylomirabilis, to allow for the establishment of anaerobic methanotrophs, in spite of favorable hydrochemical conditions. Using 16 S rRNA gene sequence data covering nearly ten years of community dynamics, we show that Ca. Methylomirabilis was a permanent element of the pelagic methane filter in the North Basin, which proliferated during periods of stable water column conditions and became the dominant methanotroph in the system. Conversely, more dynamic water column conditions led to a decline of Ca. Methylomirabilis and induced blooms of the faster-growing aerobic methanotrophs Methylobacter and Crenothrix. Our data highlight that physical (mixing) processes and ecosystem stability are key drivers controlling the community composition of aerobic and anaerobic methanotrophs.
Published: 2023

8. Data and code from: Species invasiveness and community invasibility of North American freshwater fish fauna revealed via trait-based analysis

Author: Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., Calabrese, Justin, Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., and Calabrese, Justin
Abstract: While biological invasions are recognized as a major threat to global biodiversity, determining non-native species’ abilities to establish in new areas (species invasiveness) and the vulnerability of those areas to invasions (community invasibility) is challenging. Here, we use trait-based analysis to profile invasive species and quantify the community invasibility for >1,800 North American freshwater fish communities. We show that, in addition to effects attributed to propagule pressure caused by human intervention, species with higher fecundity, longer lifespan and larger size tend to be more invasive. Community invasibility peaks when the functional distance among native species was high, leaving unoccupied functional space for the establishment of potential invaders. Our findings illustrate how the functional traits of non-native species determining their invasiveness, and the functional characteristics of the invaded community determining its invasibility, may be identified. Considering those two determinants together will enable better predictions of invasions.
Published: 2023

9. A network-based approach to identifying correlations between phylogeny, morphological traits and occurrence of fish species in US river basins

Author: Tripathi, R., Reza, A., Mertel, A., Su, G., Calabrese, Justin, Tripathi, R., Reza, A., Mertel, A., Su, G., and Calabrese, Justin
Abstract: The complex network framework has been successfully used to model interactions between entities in Complex Systems in the Biological Sciences such as Proteomics, Genomics, Neuroscience, and Ecology. Networks of organisms at different spatial scales and in different ecosystems have provided insights into community assembly patterns and emergent properties of ecological systems. In the present work, we investigate two questions pertaining to fish species assembly rules in US river basins, a) if morphologically similar fish species also tend to be phylogenetically closer, and b) to what extent are co-occurring species that are phylogenetically close also morphologically similar? For the first question, we construct a network of Hydrologic Unit Code 8 (HUC8) regions as nodes with interaction strengths (edges) governed by the number of common species. For each of the modules of this network, which are found to be geographically separated, there is differential yet significant evidence that phylogenetic distance predicts morphological distance. For the second question, we construct and analyze nearest neighbor directed networks of species based on their morphological distances and phylogenetic distances. Through module detection on these networks and comparing the module-level mean phylogenetic distance and mean morphological distance with the number of basins of common occurrence of species in modules, we find that both phylogeny and morphology of species have significant roles in governing species co-occurrence, i.e. phylogenetically and morphologically distant species tend to co-exist more. In addition, between the two quantities (morphological distance and phylogentic distance), we find that morphological distance is a stronger determinant of species co-occurrences.
Published: 2023

10. A network-based approach to identifying correlations between phylogeny, morphological traits and occurrence of fish species in US river basins.

Author: (0000-0001-5349-6271) Tripathi, R., (0000-0001-7934-0259) Reza, A., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., (0000-0001-5349-6271) Tripathi, R., (0000-0001-7934-0259) Reza, A., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., and (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J.
Abstract: The complex network framework has been successfully used to model interactions between entities in Complex Systems in the Biological Sciences such as Proteomics, Genomics, Neuroscience, and Ecology. Networks of organisms at different spatial scales and in different ecosystems have provided insights into community assembly patterns and emergent properties of ecological systems. In the present work, we investigate two questions pertaining to fish species assembly rules in US river basins, a) if morphologically similar fish species also tend to be phylogenetically closer, and b) to what extent are co-occurring species that are phylogentically close also morphologically similar? For the first question, we construct a network of Hydrologic Unit Code 8 (HUC8) regions as nodes with interaction strengths (edges) governed by the number of common species. For each of the modules of this network, which are found to be geographically separated, there is differential yet significant evidence that phylogenetic distance predicts morphological distance. For the second question, we construct and analyze nearest neighbor directed networks of species based on their morphological distances and phylogenetic distances. Through module detection on these networks and comparing the module-level mean phylogenetic distance and mean morphological distance with the number of basins of common occurrence of species in modules, we find that both phylogeny and morphology of species have significant roles in governing species co-occurrence, i.e. phylogenetically and morphologically distant species tend to co-exist more. In addition, between the two quantities (morphological distance and phylogentic distance), we find that morphological distance is a stronger determinant of species co-occurrences
Published: 2023

11. data and code for 'Species invasiveness and community invasibility of US freshwater fish fauna revealed via trait-based analysis'

Author: (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., (0000-0002-3659-8177) Brosse, S., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., (0000-0002-3659-8177) Brosse, S., and (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J.
Abstract: All data and codes used for the analyses in the paper "Species invasiveness and community invasibility of US freshwater fish fauna revealed via trait-based analysis
Published: 2023

12. Species invasiveness and community invasibility of US freshwater fish fauna revealed via trait-based analysis

Author: (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., and (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J.
Abstract: While biological invasions are recognized as a major threat to global biodiversity, determining species’ abilities to invade new areas (species invasiveness) and the vulnerability of those areas to invasions (community invasibility) are still poorly understood. Here, we used trait-based analysis to profile invasive species and quantify the community invasibility for >1,800 North American freshwater fish communities. We show that species with higher reproduction rates, longer life spans and larger sizes tend to be more invasive. Community invasibility peaked when the functional distance among native species was high, leaving unoccupied functional space for the establishment of potential invaders. Invasion success is therefore governed by both the functional traits of non-native species determining their invasiveness, and by the functional characteristics of the invaded community determining its invasibility. Considering those two determinants together will allow better predictions of invasions.
Published: 2023

13. A network-based approach to identifying correlations between phylogeny, morphological traits and occurrence of fish species in US river basins.

Author: (0000-0001-5349-6271) Tripathi, R., (0000-0001-7934-0259) Reza, A., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., (0000-0001-5349-6271) Tripathi, R., (0000-0001-7934-0259) Reza, A., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., and (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J.
Abstract: The complex network framework has been successfully used to model interactions between entities in Complex Systems in the Biological Sciences such as Proteomics, Genomics, Neuroscience, and Ecology. Networks of organisms at different spatial scales and in different ecosystems have provided insights into community assembly patterns and emergent properties of ecological systems. In the present work, we investigate two questions pertaining to fish species assembly rules in US river basins, a) if morphologically similar fish species also tend to be phylogenetically closer, and b) to what extent are co-occurring species that are phylogentically close also morphologically similar? For the first question, we construct a network of Hydrologic Unit Code 8 (HUC8) regions as nodes with interaction strengths (edges) governed by the number of common species. For each of the modules of this network, which are found to be geographically separated, there is differential yet significant evidence that phylogenetic distance predicts morphological distance. For the second question, we construct and analyze nearest neighbor directed networks of species based on their morphological distances and phylogenetic distances. Through module detection on these networks and comparing the module-level mean phylogenetic distance and mean morphological distance with the number of basins of common occurrence of species in modules, we find that both phylogeny and morphology of species have significant roles in governing species co-occurrence, i.e. phylogenetically and morphologically distant species tend to co-exist more. In addition, between the two quantities (morphological distance and phylogentic distance), we find that morphological distance is a stronger determinant of species co-occurrences
Published: 2023

14. Data publication: A network-based approach to identifying correlations between phylogeny, morphological traits and occurrence of fish species in US river basins.

Author: (0000-0001-5349-6271) Tripathi, R., (0000-0001-7934-0259) Reza, A., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., (0000-0001-5349-6271) Tripathi, R., (0000-0001-7934-0259) Reza, A., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., and (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J.
Abstract: There are three primary datasets used in this work.These were obtained from Dr. Guohuan Su (co-author on the paper) . 1. Phylogenetic distance data sets between all fish species in the US. 2. Morphological traits dataset that list 10 traits information of fish species. 3. Occurrence dataset that list occurrence information of fish species in HUC8 regions of the US There is one dataset that lists exotic species in the US. The entries for exotic species are removed from about datasets before analysis.
Published: 2023

15. Data and code from: Species invasiveness and community invasibility of North American freshwater fish fauna revealed via trait-based analysis (1.0)

Author: Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., Calabrese, Justin, Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., and Calabrese, Justin
Abstract: While biological invasions are recognized as a major threat to global biodiversity, determining non-native species’ abilities to establish in new areas (species invasiveness) and the vulnerability of those areas to invasions (community invasibility) is challenging. Here, we use trait-based analysis to profile invasive species and quantify the community invasibility for >1,800 North American freshwater fish communities. We show that, in addition to effects attributed to propagule pressure caused by human intervention, species with higher fecundity, longer lifespan and larger size tend to be more invasive. Community invasibility peaks when the functional distance among native species was high, leaving unoccupied functional space for the establishment of potential invaders. Our findings illustrate how the functional traits of non-native species determining their invasiveness, and the functional characteristics of the invaded community determining its invasibility, may be identified. Considering those two determinants together will enable better predictions of invasions.
Published: 2023

16. Species invasiveness and community invasibility of North American freshwater fish fauna revealed via trait-based analysis

Author: Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., Calabrese, Justin, Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., and Calabrese, Justin
Abstract: While biological invasions are recognized as a major threat to global biodiversity, determining non-native species’ abilities to establish in new areas (species invasiveness) and the vulnerability of those areas to invasions (community invasibility) is challenging. Here, we use trait-based analysis to profile invasive species and quantify the community invasibility for >1,800 North American freshwater fish communities. We show that, in addition to effects attributed to propagule pressure caused by human intervention, species with higher fecundity, longer lifespan and larger size tend to be more invasive. Community invasibility peaks when the functional distance among native species was high, leaving unoccupied functional space for the establishment of potential invaders. Our findings illustrate how the functional traits of non-native species determining their invasiveness, and the functional characteristics of the invaded community determining its invasibility, may be identified. Considering those two determinants together will enable better predictions of invasions.
Published: 2023

17. A network-based approach to identifying correlations between phylogeny, morphological traits and occurrence of fish species in US river basins

Author: Tripathi, R., Reza, A., Mertel, A., Su, G., Calabrese, Justin, Tripathi, R., Reza, A., Mertel, A., Su, G., and Calabrese, Justin
Abstract: The complex network framework has been successfully used to model interactions between entities in Complex Systems in the Biological Sciences such as Proteomics, Genomics, Neuroscience, and Ecology. Networks of organisms at different spatial scales and in different ecosystems have provided insights into community assembly patterns and emergent properties of ecological systems. In the present work, we investigate two questions pertaining to fish species assembly rules in US river basins, a) if morphologically similar fish species also tend to be phylogenetically closer, and b) to what extent are co-occurring species that are phylogenetically close also morphologically similar? For the first question, we construct a network of Hydrologic Unit Code 8 (HUC8) regions as nodes with interaction strengths (edges) governed by the number of common species. For each of the modules of this network, which are found to be geographically separated, there is differential yet significant evidence that phylogenetic distance predicts morphological distance. For the second question, we construct and analyze nearest neighbor directed networks of species based on their morphological distances and phylogenetic distances. Through module detection on these networks and comparing the module-level mean phylogenetic distance and mean morphological distance with the number of basins of common occurrence of species in modules, we find that both phylogeny and morphology of species have significant roles in governing species co-occurrence, i.e. phylogenetically and morphologically distant species tend to co-exist more. In addition, between the two quantities (morphological distance and phylogentic distance), we find that morphological distance is a stronger determinant of species co-occurrences.
Published: 2023

18. A network-based approach to identifying correlations between phylogeny, morphological traits and occurrence of fish species in US river basins

Author: Tripathi, R., Reza, A., Mertel, A., Su, G., Calabrese, Justin, Tripathi, R., Reza, A., Mertel, A., Su, G., and Calabrese, Justin
Abstract: The complex network framework has been successfully used to model interactions between entities in Complex Systems in the Biological Sciences such as Proteomics, Genomics, Neuroscience, and Ecology. Networks of organisms at different spatial scales and in different ecosystems have provided insights into community assembly patterns and emergent properties of ecological systems. In the present work, we investigate two questions pertaining to fish species assembly rules in US river basins, a) if morphologically similar fish species also tend to be phylogenetically closer, and b) to what extent are co-occurring species that are phylogenetically close also morphologically similar? For the first question, we construct a network of Hydrologic Unit Code 8 (HUC8) regions as nodes with interaction strengths (edges) governed by the number of common species. For each of the modules of this network, which are found to be geographically separated, there is differential yet significant evidence that phylogenetic distance predicts morphological distance. For the second question, we construct and analyze nearest neighbor directed networks of species based on their morphological distances and phylogenetic distances. Through module detection on these networks and comparing the module-level mean phylogenetic distance and mean morphological distance with the number of basins of common occurrence of species in modules, we find that both phylogeny and morphology of species have significant roles in governing species co-occurrence, i.e. phylogenetically and morphologically distant species tend to co-exist more. In addition, between the two quantities (morphological distance and phylogentic distance), we find that morphological distance is a stronger determinant of species co-occurrences.
Published: 2023

19. Co-pyrolysis of medical protective clothing and oil palm wastes for biofuel: Experimental, techno-economic, and environmental analyses.

Author: Su, G, Zulkifli, NWM, Ong, HC, Ibrahim, S, Cheah, MY, Zhu, R, Bu, Q, Su, G, Zulkifli, NWM, Ong, HC, Ibrahim, S, Cheah, MY, Zhu, R, and Bu, Q
Abstract: The ongoing global pandemic of COVID-19 has devastatingly influenced the environment, society, and economy around the world. Numerous medical resources are used to inhibit the infectious transmission of the virus, resulting in massive medical waste. This study proposes a sustainable and environment-friendly method to convert hazardous medical waste into valuable fuel products through pyrolysis. Medical protective clothing (MPC), a typical medical waste from COVID-19, was utilized for co-pyrolysis with oil palm wastes (OPWs). The utilization of MPC improved the bio-oil properties in OPWs pyrolysis. The addition of catalysts further ameliorated the bio-oil quality. HZSM-5 was more effective in producing hydrocarbons in bio-oil, and the relevant reaction pathway was proposed. Meanwhile, a project was simulated to co-produce bio-oil and electricity from the co-pyrolysis of OPWs and MPC from application perspectives. The techno-economic analysis indicated that the project was economically feasible, and the payback period was 6.30-8.75 years. Moreover, it was also environmentally benign as its global warming potential varied from -211.13 to -90.76 kg CO2-eq/t. Therefore, converting MPC and OPWs into biofuel and electricity through co-pyrolysis is a green, economic, and sustainable method that can decrease waste, produce valuable fuel products, and achieve remarkable economic and environmental benefits.
Published: 2023

20. Co-production of biochar and electricity from oil palm wastes for carbon dioxide mitigation in Malaysia

Author: Su, G, Jiang, P, Ong, HC, Zhu, J, Amin, NAS, Zulkifli, NWM, Ibrahim, S, Su, G, Jiang, P, Ong, HC, Zhu, J, Amin, NAS, Zulkifli, NWM, and Ibrahim, S
Abstract: Power and heat production is the leading cause of greenhouse gas emissions in Malaysia, contributing to over 30% of total emissions. The transition from fossil to biomass resources in the power industry is an essential step towards achieving carbon neutrality in Malaysia. Oil palm wastes are the most abundant biomass resources in Malaysia because of the thriving oil palm industry. Consequently, two scenarios: (1) co-production of biochar and electricity, and (2) electricity generation, were proposed and simulated in Aspen Plus. A comprehensive evaluation system for mass and energy balances, techno-economic analysis, and life-cycle assessment was established to assess the two scenarios quantitatively. The results indicated that Scenario 1 achieved better economic and environmental benefits, the payback period was 6.12 to 8.89 years, and the global warming potential ranged from −885.23 to −1311.95 kg CO2-eq/t. The state-level spatiotemporal trajectory of oil palm waste resources and CO2 emission reduction potentials and economic benefits were analyzed. Theoretically, fully utilizing oil palm wastes in Scenario 1 would create economic benefits of 35.36 billion USD and mitigate CO2 emissions by 131.97 million tons in 2021. This study provides useful guidance for exploiting oil palm wastes to achieve carbon neutrality in Malaysia.
Published: 2023

21. Carbon-negative co-production of methanol and activated carbon from bagasse pyrolysis, physical activation, chemical looping, and methanol synthesis

Author: Su, G, Zulkifli, NWM, Liu, L, Ong, HC, Ibrahim, S, Yu, KL, Wei, Y, Bin, F, Su, G, Zulkifli, NWM, Liu, L, Ong, HC, Ibrahim, S, Yu, KL, Wei, Y, and Bin, F
Abstract: Methanol is regarded as an important chemical precursor in the chemical industry and has huge potential to replace gasoline and diesel as vehicle fuel. Biomass to methanol is a sustainable and green production method, but its economic and environmental viability is contingent on production technologies and geographic context. This study proposed a carbon-negative methanol production method that integrated four modules of bagasse pyrolysis, physical activation, chemical looping, and methanol synthesis in the context of China. Three scenarios, including co-production of methanol and biochar, co-production of methanol and activated carbon, and co-production of methanol and activated carbon with extra hydrogen, were put forward and simulated in Aspen Plus. An evaluation system was established to quantitatively assess the carbon and energy efficiencies and economic and environmental benefits of the three scenarios. The results suggested that the addition of hydrogen effectively increased the methanol yield in Scenario 3, leading to high carbon and energy efficiencies. Scenarios 1 and 2 exhibited better economic and environmental performance with low payback periods of 6.53 and 5.80 years and low global warming potentials of −1631.18 and −710.28 kg CO2-eq/t methanol. However, Scenario 3 would be economically and environmentally feasible by decreasing hydrogen production costs and implementing green hydrogen production methods in the foreseeable future. This study provides a viable approach for sustainable methanol production in China, thereby aligning with the current imperative of achieving carbon neutrality.
Published: 2023

22. Rolling control and dynamics model of two section articulated-wing ornithopter

Author: Su, G., Cai, Y., Zhao, J., Su, G., Cai, Y., and Zhao, J.
Abstract: This paper invented a new rolling control mechanism of two section articulated-wing ornithopter, which is analogues to aileron control in plane, however, similar control mechanism leads to opposite result, indicating the ornithopter supposed to go left now go right instead. This research gives a qualitative dynamics model which explains this new phenomenon. Because of wing folding, the differential rotation of outer-section wing (analogues to aileron in plane, left aileron up and right aileron down make left turn) around pitch axis becomes common mode rotation around yaw axis,leading its rotating torque changing from left-handed rotation (using left-handed as example, right-handed is the same) around roll axis to a common mode force pointing to front-right (northeast, NE) direction from first player's view of the ornithopter.Because most of the flapping movement is in the upper hemisphere from ornithopter's view, the NE force is above on the center of mass of the orthopter, generating a right-handed moment around roll axis. Therefore, the ornithopter supposed to go left now goes right. This phenomenon is a unique and only observed in two section articulated-wing ornithopter by far. Many field tests conducted by authors confirm it is highly repetitive.
Published: 2023

23. Species invasiveness and community invasibility of US freshwater fish fauna revealed via trait-based analysis

Author: (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., and (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J.
Abstract: While biological invasions are recognized as a major threat to global biodiversity, determining species’ abilities to invade new areas (species invasiveness) and the vulnerability of those areas to invasions (community invasibility) are still poorly understood. Here, we used trait-based analysis to profile invasive species and quantify the community invasibility for >1,800 North American freshwater fish communities. We show that species with higher reproduction rates, longer life spans and larger sizes tend to be more invasive. Community invasibility peaked when the functional distance among native species was high, leaving unoccupied functional space for the establishment of potential invaders. Invasion success is therefore governed by both the functional traits of non-native species determining their invasiveness, and by the functional characteristics of the invaded community determining its invasibility. Considering those two determinants together will allow better predictions of invasions.
Published: 2022

24. Species invasiveness and community invasibility of US freshwater fish fauna revealed via trait-based analysis

Author: Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., and (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J.
Abstract: While biological invasions are recognized as a major threat to global biodiversity, determining species’ abilities to invade new areas (species invasiveness) and the vulnerability of those areas to invasions (community invasibility) are still poorly understood. Here, we used trait-based analysis to profile invasive species and quantify the community invasibility for >1,800 North American freshwater fish communities. We show that species with higher reproduction rates, longer life spans and larger sizes tend to be more invasive. Community invasibility peaked when the functional distance among native species was high, leaving unoccupied functional space for the establishment of potential invaders. Invasion success is therefore governed by both the functional traits of non-native species determining their invasiveness, and by the functional characteristics of the invaded community determining its invasibility. Considering those two determinants together will allow better predictions of invasions.
Published: 2022

25. Valorization of animal manure via pyrolysis for bioenergy: A review

Author: Su, G, Ong, HC, Mohd Zulkifli, NW, Ibrahim, S, Chen, WH, Chong, CT, Ok, YS, Su, G, Ong, HC, Mohd Zulkifli, NW, Ibrahim, S, Chen, WH, Chong, CT, and Ok, YS
Abstract: The continuous development of the economy and the constant improvement of living standards have stimulated the development of animal husbandry. This development has been accompanied by the massive production of animal manure with various bad odors and high heavy metal content, constituting severe damage to ecological security and human health. Traditional disposal methods, including composting and anaerobic digestion, are difficult to achieve satisfactory results due to long processing time, water and soil eutrophication, and toxic gas emissions. However, converting animal manure into bioenergy through pyrolysis is a clean, safe, and promising technique to reduce the amount of waste and produce valuable products. Co-pyrolysis with other materials can decrease the content of heavy metals in biochar and ameliorate the properties of products. The application of catalysts influences the pyrolysis process and product properties positively. The objective of this review is to analyze the properties of animal manure and discuss the recovery of biofuel from harmful animal manure by pyrolysis. A comprehensive analysis of animal manure pyrolysis and related product characteristics will provide a foundation for the sustainable management and scientific disposal of hazardous manure waste.
Published: 2022

26. Multiple groups of methanotrophic bacteria mediate methane oxidation in anoxic lake sediments

Author: Su, G., Zopfi, J., Niemann, H., Lehmann, M.F., Su, G., Zopfi, J., Niemann, H., and Lehmann, M.F.
Abstract: Freshwater lakes represent an important source of the potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. Methane emissions are regulated to large parts by aerobic (MOx) and anaerobic (AOM) oxidation of methane, which are important CH4 sinks in lakes. In contrast to marine benthic environments, our knowledge about the modes of AOM and the related methanotrophic microorganisms in anoxic lake sediments is still rudimentary. Here, we demonstrate the occurrence of AOM in the anoxic sediments of Lake Sempach (Switzerland), with maximum in situ AOM rates observed within the surface sediment layers in presence of multiple groups of methanotrophic bacteria and various oxidants known to supportAOM. However, substrate-amended incubations (with NO2 −, NO3−, SO42−, Fe-, and Mn-oxides) revealed that none of the electron acceptors previously reported to support AOM enhanced methane turnover in Lake Sempach sediments under anoxic conditions. In contrast, the addition of oxygen to the anoxic sediments resulted in an approximately 10-fold increase in methane oxidation relative to the anoxic incubations. Phylogenetic and isotopic evidence indicate that both Type I and Type II aerobic methanotrophs were growing on methane under both oxic and anoxic conditions, although methane assimilation rates were an order of magnitude higher under oxic conditions. While the anaerobic electron acceptor responsible for AOM could not be identified, these findings expand our understanding of the metabolic versatility of canonically aerobic methanotrophs under anoxic conditions, with important implications for future investigations to identify methane oxidation processes. Bacterial AOM by facultative aerobic methane oxidizers might be of much larger environmental significance in reducing methane emissions than previously thought.
Published: 2022

27. Pyrolysis of oil palm wastes for bioenergy in Malaysia: A review

Author: Su, G, Mohd Zulkifli, NW, Ong, HC, Ibrahim, S, Bu, Q, Zhu, R, Su, G, Mohd Zulkifli, NW, Ong, HC, Ibrahim, S, Bu, Q, and Zhu, R
Abstract: Oil palm wastes (OPWs) are important biomass resources, and approximately 127 million tons of OPWs are generated from the oil palm industry annually in Malaysia. The scientific and reasonable utilization of OPWs is essential to economic and environmental sustainability in the country. Pyrolysis is a mature and revolutionary technology that can convert OPWs into biofuel. The conversion of OPWs into biofuel is in accordance with the national conditions of Malaysia and can simultaneously address the problems of fossil fuel shortage and environmental deterioration. Therefore, Malaysia is the most active country in the research of OPWs pyrolysis and has achieved fruitful results. Bio-oil produced from the catalytic co-pyrolysis of OPWs with hydrogen-rich materials exhibits remarkable fuel properties. Biochar generated from OPWs pyrolysis presents huge application potential as an absorbent, catalyst, soil conditioner, and carbon sequestration agent. Consequently, the paper provides a comprehensive review of OPWs pyrolysis and lays the foundation for the exploitation of OPWs resources.
Published: 2022

28. Multiple groups of methanotrophic bacteria mediate methane oxidation in anoxic lake sediments

Author: Su, G., Zopfi, J., Niemann, H., Lehmann, M.F., Su, G., Zopfi, J., Niemann, H., and Lehmann, M.F.
Abstract: Freshwater lakes represent an important source of the potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. Methane emissions are regulated to large parts by aerobic (MOx) and anaerobic (AOM) oxidation of methane, which are important CH4 sinks in lakes. In contrast to marine benthic environments, our knowledge about the modes of AOM and the related methanotrophic microorganisms in anoxic lake sediments is still rudimentary. Here, we demonstrate the occurrence of AOM in the anoxic sediments of Lake Sempach (Switzerland), with maximum in situ AOM rates observed within the surface sediment layers in presence of multiple groups of methanotrophic bacteria and various oxidants known to supportAOM. However, substrate-amended incubations (with NO2 −, NO3−, SO42−, Fe-, and Mn-oxides) revealed that none of the electron acceptors previously reported to support AOM enhanced methane turnover in Lake Sempach sediments under anoxic conditions. In contrast, the addition of oxygen to the anoxic sediments resulted in an approximately 10-fold increase in methane oxidation relative to the anoxic incubations. Phylogenetic and isotopic evidence indicate that both Type I and Type II aerobic methanotrophs were growing on methane under both oxic and anoxic conditions, although methane assimilation rates were an order of magnitude higher under oxic conditions. While the anaerobic electron acceptor responsible for AOM could not be identified, these findings expand our understanding of the metabolic versatility of canonically aerobic methanotrophs under anoxic conditions, with important implications for future investigations to identify methane oxidation processes. Bacterial AOM by facultative aerobic methane oxidizers might be of much larger environmental significance in reducing methane emissions than previously thought.
Published: 2022

29. Modeling fish species diversity in river networks

Author: (0000-0001-5349-6271) Tripathi, R., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., Su, G., (0000-0003-1761-2591) Kelling, J., Calabrese, J., (0000-0001-5349-6271) Tripathi, R., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., Su, G., (0000-0003-1761-2591) Kelling, J., and Calabrese, J.
Abstract: River basins across the world are shaped by local land topography and generally have a dendritic structure formed by convergence of river streams originating in a watershed until they end up in the main river. These river basins are also home to a plethora of aquatic lifeforms. Movement patterns of riverine biodiversity, especially fishes, are shaped by dendritic structure of river networks (see Figure 1) and habitat capacity of river basins. The ongoing river networks project at CASUS is specifically aimed at developing models to study the effects of dendritic network topology on fish biodiversity and thereby be able to predict biodiversity patterns across various river basins. Starting with an initial distribution of fish species on the river network, we explore how the biodiversity patterns, such as local species richness (LSR), in dendritic river networks evolve with time, under the assumption of species being equivalent on a per capita basis. Such neutral biodiversity models have been able to successfully explain a suite of biodiversity indices of plant and animal species across various ecological systems. In summary, the river project aims to bring together the neutral biodiversity theory and the framework of dispersal over networks to make predictions on biodiversity in riverine systems across the world. This would enable understanding the factors shaping present biodiversity and allow us to explore how climate change might affect future riverine biodiversity.
Published: 2022

30. Species invasiveness and community invasibility of US freshwater fish fauna revealed via trait-based analysis

Author: Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., Calabrese, J., Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., and Calabrese, J.
Abstract: While biological invasions are recognized as a major threat to global biodiversity, determining species’ abilities to invade new areas (species invasiveness) and the vulnerability of those areas to invasions (community invasibility) are still poorly understood. Here, we used trait-based analysis to profile invasive species and quantify the community invasibility for >1,800 North American freshwater fish communities. We show that species with higher reproduction rates, longer life spans and larger sizes tend to be more invasive. Community invasibility peaked when the functional distance among native species was high, leaving unoccupied functional space for the establishment of potential invaders. Invasion success is therefore governed by both the functional traits of non-native species determining their invasiveness, and by the functional characteristics of the invaded community determining its invasibility. Considering those two determinants together will allow better predictions of invasions.
Published: 2022

31. Contemporary environment and historical legacy explain functional diversity of freshwater fishes in the world rivers

Author: (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., Tedesco, P. A., Toussaint, A., Villéger, S., Brosse, S., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., Tedesco, P. A., Toussaint, A., Villéger, S., and Brosse, S.
Abstract: Aim Regional taxonomic diversity (species richness) is strongly influenced by a joint effect of the current processes (habitat and energy availability) and historical legacies (past climate and geography), but it is still unclear how those historical and current environmental drivers have shaped the functional diversity of species assemblages. Major taxa studied Freshwater fish. Location Global. Time period 1960s–2000s. Methods We combined the spatial occurrences over 2,400 river basins world-wide and the functional traits measured on 10,682 freshwater fish species to quantify the relative role of the habitat, climate and historical processes on the current global fish functional diversity. To avoid any correlation between taxonomic diversity and functional diversity, we controlled for differences in the number of species (species richness) between rivers. Functional diversity was considered through three complementary facets: functional richness, functional dispersion and functional identity. Results The habitat-related variables explained most of the gradient in functional richness, verifying the habitat size–diversity hypothesis. In contrast, the historical climate–geography legacies markedly imprinted the functional dispersion and functional identity patterns, leading to a balanced influence of the current and historical processes. Indeed, the distribution of morphological traits related to fish dispersal was explained largely by the glaciation events during the Quaternary, leading to strong latitudinal gradients. Main conclusions This study provides new insights into the role of historical and current environmental determinants on the functional structure of fish assemblages and strengthens the proposal that the independence of facets of functional diversity from the species richness makes them essential biodiversity variables to understand the structure of communities and their responses to global changes.
Published: 2022

32. Modeling fish species diversity in river networks

Author: (0000-0001-5349-6271) Tripathi, R., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., (0000-0003-1761-2591) Kelling, J., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., (0000-0001-5349-6271) Tripathi, R., (0000-0002-3634-1857) Mertel, A., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., (0000-0003-1761-2591) Kelling, J., and (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J.
Abstract: River basins across the world are shaped by local land topography and generally have a dendritic structure formed by convergence of river streams originating in a watershed until they end up in the main river. These river basins are also home to a plethora of aquatic lifeforms. Movement patterns of riverine biodiversity, especially fishes, are shaped by dendritic structure of river networks (see Figure 1) and habitat capacity of river basins. The ongoing river networks project at CASUS is specifically aimed at developing models to study the effects of dendritic network topology on fish biodiversity and thereby be able to predict biodiversity patterns across various river basins. Starting with an initial distribution of fish species on the river network, we explore how the biodiversity patterns, such as local species richness (LSR), in dendritic river networks evolve with time, under the assumption of species being equivalent on a per capita basis. Such neutral biodiversity models have been able to successfully explain a suite of biodiversity indices of plant and animal species across various ecological systems. In summary, the river project aims to bring together the neutral biodiversity theory and the framework of dispersal over networks to make predictions on biodiversity in riverine systems across the world. This would enable understanding the factors shaping present biodiversity and allow us to explore how climate change might affect future riverine biodiversity.
Published: 2022

33. Biogeographic Regionalization: Freshwater

Author: Dias, M. S., Oikonomou, A., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., Dias, M. S., Oikonomou, A., and (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G.
Abstract: Defining the number and geographical borders of regions containing similar organisms and high levels of endemism can shed light on the evolution and distribution of life on Earth. We provide an historical overview of studies delineating the global biogeographical regions of freshwater organisms, mainly focusing on fish, to understand whether aquatic and terrestrial organisms share similar distribution patterns. Then, we provide a geographical and biological description giving special attention to major biogeographical fish patterns and taxa present in each of the considered regions.
Published: 2022

34. Data publication: Contemporary environment and historical legacy explain functional diversity of freshwater fishes in the world rivers

Author: (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., Tedesco, P., Toussaint, A., Villeger, S., Brosse, S., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., Tedesco, P., Toussaint, A., Villeger, S., and Brosse, S.
Abstract: Script and data used for the analysis and figures plotting in paper "Contemporary environment and historical legacy explain functional diversity of freshwater fishes in the world rivers"
Published: 2022

35. Pyrolysis of oil palm wastes for bioenergy in Malaysia: A review

Author: Su, G, Mohd Zulkifli, NW, Ong, HC, Ibrahim, S, Bu, Q, Zhu, R, Su, G, Mohd Zulkifli, NW, Ong, HC, Ibrahim, S, Bu, Q, and Zhu, R
Abstract: Oil palm wastes (OPWs) are important biomass resources, and approximately 127 million tons of OPWs are generated from the oil palm industry annually in Malaysia. The scientific and reasonable utilization of OPWs is essential to economic and environmental sustainability in the country. Pyrolysis is a mature and revolutionary technology that can convert OPWs into biofuel. The conversion of OPWs into biofuel is in accordance with the national conditions of Malaysia and can simultaneously address the problems of fossil fuel shortage and environmental deterioration. Therefore, Malaysia is the most active country in the research of OPWs pyrolysis and has achieved fruitful results. Bio-oil produced from the catalytic co-pyrolysis of OPWs with hydrogen-rich materials exhibits remarkable fuel properties. Biochar generated from OPWs pyrolysis presents huge application potential as an absorbent, catalyst, soil conditioner, and carbon sequestration agent. Consequently, the paper provides a comprehensive review of OPWs pyrolysis and lays the foundation for the exploitation of OPWs resources.
Published: 2022

36. Co-pyrolysis of microalgae and other biomass wastes for the production of high-quality bio-oil: Progress and prospective.

Author: Su, G, Ong, HC, Gan, YY, Chen, W-H, Chong, CT, Ok, YS, Su, G, Ong, HC, Gan, YY, Chen, W-H, Chong, CT, and Ok, YS
Abstract: Microalgae are the most prospective raw materials for the production of biofuels, pyrolysis is an effective method to convert biomass into bioenergy. However, biofuels derived from the pyrolysis of microalgae exhibit poor fuel properties due to high content of moisture and protein. Co-pyrolysis is a simple and efficient method to produce high-quality bio-oil from two or more materials. Tires, plastics, and bamboo waste are the optimal co-feedstocks based on the improvement of yield and quality of bio-oil. Moreover, adding catalysts, especially CaO and Cu/HZSM-5, can enhance the quality of bio-oil by increasing aromatics content and decreasing oxygenated and nitrogenous compounds. Consequently, this paper provides a critical review of the production of bio-oil from co-pyrolysis of microalgae with other biomass wastes. Meanwhile, the underlying mechanism of synergistic effects and the catalytic effect on co-pyrolysis are discussed. Finally, the economic viability and prospects of microalgae co-pyrolysis are summarized.
Published: 2022

37. Co-pyrolysis of microalgae and other biomass wastes for the production of high-quality bio-oil: Progress and prospective.

Author: Su, G, Ong, HC, Gan, YY, Chen, W-H, Chong, CT, Ok, YS, Su, G, Ong, HC, Gan, YY, Chen, W-H, Chong, CT, and Ok, YS
Abstract: Microalgae are the most prospective raw materials for the production of biofuels, pyrolysis is an effective method to convert biomass into bioenergy. However, biofuels derived from the pyrolysis of microalgae exhibit poor fuel properties due to high content of moisture and protein. Co-pyrolysis is a simple and efficient method to produce high-quality bio-oil from two or more materials. Tires, plastics, and bamboo waste are the optimal co-feedstocks based on the improvement of yield and quality of bio-oil. Moreover, adding catalysts, especially CaO and Cu/HZSM-5, can enhance the quality of bio-oil by increasing aromatics content and decreasing oxygenated and nitrogenous compounds. Consequently, this paper provides a critical review of the production of bio-oil from co-pyrolysis of microalgae with other biomass wastes. Meanwhile, the underlying mechanism of synergistic effects and the catalytic effect on co-pyrolysis are discussed. Finally, the economic viability and prospects of microalgae co-pyrolysis are summarized.
Published: 2022

38. Pyrolysis of waste oils for the production of biofuels: A critical review.

Author: Su, G, Ong, HC, Mofijur, M, Mahlia, TMI, Ok, YS, Su, G, Ong, HC, Mofijur, M, Mahlia, TMI, and Ok, YS
Abstract: The application of waste oils as pyrolysis feedstocks to produce high-grade biofuels is receiving extensive attention, which will diversify energy supplies and address environmental challenges caused by waste oils treatment and fossil fuel combustion. Waste oils are the optimal raw materials to produce biofuels due to their high hydrogen and volatile matter content. However, traditional disposal methods such as gasification, transesterification, hydrotreating, solvent extraction, and membrane technology are difficult to achieve satisfactory effects owing to shortcomings like enormous energy demand, long process time, high operational cost, and hazardous material pollution. The usage of clean and safe pyrolysis technology can break through the current predicament. The bio-oil produced by the conventional pyrolysis of waste oils has a high yield and HHV with great potential to replace fossil fuel, but contains a high acid value of about 120 mg KOH/g. Nevertheless, the application of CaO and NaOH can significantly decrease the acid value of bio-oil to close to zero. Additionally, the addition of coexisting bifunctional catalyst, SBA-15@MgO@Zn in particular, can simultaneously reduce the acid value and positively influence the yield and quality of bio-oil. Moreover, co-pyrolysis with plastic waste can effectively save energy and time, and improve bio-oil yield and quality. Consequently, this paper presents a critical and comprehensive review of the production of biofuels using conventional and advanced pyrolysis of waste oils.
Published: 2022

39. Valorization of animal manure via pyrolysis for bioenergy: A review

Author: Su, G, Ong, HC, Mohd Zulkifli, NW, Ibrahim, S, Chen, WH, Chong, CT, Ok, YS, Su, G, Ong, HC, Mohd Zulkifli, NW, Ibrahim, S, Chen, WH, Chong, CT, and Ok, YS
Abstract: The continuous development of the economy and the constant improvement of living standards have stimulated the development of animal husbandry. This development has been accompanied by the massive production of animal manure with various bad odors and high heavy metal content, constituting severe damage to ecological security and human health. Traditional disposal methods, including composting and anaerobic digestion, are difficult to achieve satisfactory results due to long processing time, water and soil eutrophication, and toxic gas emissions. However, converting animal manure into bioenergy through pyrolysis is a clean, safe, and promising technique to reduce the amount of waste and produce valuable products. Co-pyrolysis with other materials can decrease the content of heavy metals in biochar and ameliorate the properties of products. The application of catalysts influences the pyrolysis process and product properties positively. The objective of this review is to analyze the properties of animal manure and discuss the recovery of biofuel from harmful animal manure by pyrolysis. A comprehensive analysis of animal manure pyrolysis and related product characteristics will provide a foundation for the sustainable management and scientific disposal of hazardous manure waste.
Published: 2022

40. State-of-the-art of the pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis of food waste: Progress and challenges.

Author: Su, G, Ong, HC, Fattah, IMR, Ok, YS, Jang, J-H, Wang, C-T, Su, G, Ong, HC, Fattah, IMR, Ok, YS, Jang, J-H, and Wang, C-T
Abstract: The continuous growth of population and the steady improvement of people's living standards have accelerated the generation of massive food waste. Untreated food waste has great potential to harm the environment and human health due to bad odor release, bacterial leaching, and virus transmission. However, the application of traditional disposal techniques like composting, landfilling, animal feeding, and anaerobic digestion are difficult to ease the environmental burdens because of problems such as large land occupation, virus transmission, hazardous gas emissions, and poor efficiency. Pyrolysis is a practical and promising route to reduce the environmental burden by converting food waste into bioenergy. This paper aims to analyze the characteristics of food waste, introduce the production of biofuels from conventional and advanced pyrolysis of food waste, and provide a basis for scientific disposal and sustainable management of food waste. The review shows that co-pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis significantly impact the pyrolysis process and product characteristics. The addition of tire waste promotes the synthesis of hydrocarbons and inhibits the formation of oxygenated compounds efficiently. The application of calcium oxide (CaO) exhibits good performance in the increment of bio-oil yield and hydrocarbon content. Based on this literature review, pyrolysis can be considered as the optimal technique for dealing with food waste and producing valuable products.
Published: 2022

41. Pyrolysis of waste oils for the production of biofuels: A critical review.

Author: Su, G, Ong, HC, Mofijur, M, Mahlia, TMI, Ok, YS, Su, G, Ong, HC, Mofijur, M, Mahlia, TMI, and Ok, YS
Abstract: The application of waste oils as pyrolysis feedstocks to produce high-grade biofuels is receiving extensive attention, which will diversify energy supplies and address environmental challenges caused by waste oils treatment and fossil fuel combustion. Waste oils are the optimal raw materials to produce biofuels due to their high hydrogen and volatile matter content. However, traditional disposal methods such as gasification, transesterification, hydrotreating, solvent extraction, and membrane technology are difficult to achieve satisfactory effects owing to shortcomings like enormous energy demand, long process time, high operational cost, and hazardous material pollution. The usage of clean and safe pyrolysis technology can break through the current predicament. The bio-oil produced by the conventional pyrolysis of waste oils has a high yield and HHV with great potential to replace fossil fuel, but contains a high acid value of about 120 mg KOH/g. Nevertheless, the application of CaO and NaOH can significantly decrease the acid value of bio-oil to close to zero. Additionally, the addition of coexisting bifunctional catalyst, SBA-15@MgO@Zn in particular, can simultaneously reduce the acid value and positively influence the yield and quality of bio-oil. Moreover, co-pyrolysis with plastic waste can effectively save energy and time, and improve bio-oil yield and quality. Consequently, this paper presents a critical and comprehensive review of the production of biofuels using conventional and advanced pyrolysis of waste oils.
Published: 2022

42. Microwave-assisted pyrolysis technology for bioenergy recovery: Mechanism, performance, and prospect

Author: Su, G, Ong, HC, Cheah, MY, Chen, WH, Lam, SS, Huang, Y, Su, G, Ong, HC, Cheah, MY, Chen, WH, Lam, SS, and Huang, Y
Abstract: The emergence of bioenergy provides a solution to the environment and energy crises caused by the indiscriminate use of fossil fuels. Pyrolysis technology has broad application prospects in bioenergy production and waste disposal, providing a solid guarantee for the sustainable development of human beings and the environment. As an endothermic process, pyrolysis relies on external heat as an energy source. The introduction of microwave provides a different energy source for the pyrolysis process and exhibits a different pyrolysis performance due to its unique energy transfer mechanism. Conventional pyrolysis is conducive to the formation of bio-oil, whereas microwave-assisted pyrolysis can improve the composition of bio-oil and the surface properties of biochar. This article focuses on the advantages and limitations of microwave-assisted and conventional pyrolysis modes. Special attention is given to the differences in product distribution and properties and the economic feasibility of the two pyrolysis modes.
Published: 2022

43. Species invasiveness and community invasibility of US freshwater fish fauna revealed via trait-based analysis

Author: Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., Calabrese, J., Su, G., Mertel, A., Brosse, S., and Calabrese, J.
Abstract: While biological invasions are recognized as a major threat to global biodiversity, determining species’ abilities to invade new areas (species invasiveness) and the vulnerability of those areas to invasions (community invasibility) are still poorly understood. Here, we used trait-based analysis to profile invasive species and quantify the community invasibility for >1,800 North American freshwater fish communities. We show that species with higher reproduction rates, longer life spans and larger sizes tend to be more invasive. Community invasibility peaked when the functional distance among native species was high, leaving unoccupied functional space for the establishment of potential invaders. Invasion success is therefore governed by both the functional traits of non-native species determining their invasiveness, and by the functional characteristics of the invaded community determining its invasibility. Considering those two determinants together will allow better predictions of invasions.
Published: 2022

44. State-of-the-art of the pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis of food waste: Progress and challenges.

Author: Su, G, Ong, HC, Fattah, IMR, Ok, YS, Jang, J-H, Wang, C-T, Su, G, Ong, HC, Fattah, IMR, Ok, YS, Jang, J-H, and Wang, C-T
Abstract: The continuous growth of population and the steady improvement of people's living standards have accelerated the generation of massive food waste. Untreated food waste has great potential to harm the environment and human health due to bad odor release, bacterial leaching, and virus transmission. However, the application of traditional disposal techniques like composting, landfilling, animal feeding, and anaerobic digestion are difficult to ease the environmental burdens because of problems such as large land occupation, virus transmission, hazardous gas emissions, and poor efficiency. Pyrolysis is a practical and promising route to reduce the environmental burden by converting food waste into bioenergy. This paper aims to analyze the characteristics of food waste, introduce the production of biofuels from conventional and advanced pyrolysis of food waste, and provide a basis for scientific disposal and sustainable management of food waste. The review shows that co-pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis significantly impact the pyrolysis process and product characteristics. The addition of tire waste promotes the synthesis of hydrocarbons and inhibits the formation of oxygenated compounds efficiently. The application of calcium oxide (CaO) exhibits good performance in the increment of bio-oil yield and hydrocarbon content. Based on this literature review, pyrolysis can be considered as the optimal technique for dealing with food waste and producing valuable products.
Published: 2022

45. Effects of alirocumab on cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes after acute coronary syndrome in patients with or without diabetes: a prespecified analysis of the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES randomised controlled trial

Author: Ray, K, Colhoun, H, Szarek, M, Baccara-Dinet, M, Bhatt, D, Bittner, V, Budaj, A, Diaz, R, Goodman, S, Hanotin, C, Harrington, R, Jukema, J, Loizeau, V, Lopes, R, Moryusef, A, Murin, J, Pordy, R, Ristic, A, Roe, M, Tunon, J, White, H, Zeiher, A, Schwartz, G, Steg, P, Tricoci, P, Mahaffey, K, Edelberg, J, Lecorps, G, Sasiela, W, Tamby, J, Aylward, P, Drexel, H, Sinnaeve, P, Dilic, M, Gotcheva, N, Prieto, J, Yong, H, Lopez-Jaramillo, P, Pecin, I, Reiner, Z, Ostadal, P, Viigimaa, M, Nieminen, M, Chumburidze, V, Marx, N, Danchin, N, Liberopoulos, E, Montenegro Valdovinos, P, Tse, H, Kiss, R, Xavier, D, Zahger, D, Valgimigli, M, Kimura, T, Kim, H, Kim, S, Erglis, A, Laucevicius, A, Kedev, S, Yusoff, K, Ramos Lopez, G, Alings, M, Halvorsen, S, Correa Flores, R, Morais, J, Dorobantu, M, Karpov, Y, Chua, T, Fras, Z, Dalby, A, de Silva, H, Hagstrom, E, Landmesser, U, Chiang, C, Sritara, P, Guneri, S, Parkhomenko, A, Moriarty, P, Vogel, R, Chaitman, B, Kelsey, S, Olsson, A, Rouleau, J, Simoons, M, Alexander, K, Meloni, C, Rosenson, R, Sijbrands, E, Alexander, J, Armaganijan, L, Bagai, A, Bahit, M, Brennan, J, Clifton, S, Devore, A, Deloatch, S, Dickey, S, Dombrowski, K, Ducrocq, G, Eapen, Z, Endsley, P, Eppinger, A, Harrison, R, Hess, C, Hlatky, M, Jordan, J, Knowles, J, Kolls, B, Kong, D, Leonardi, S, Lillis, L, Maron, D, Marcus, J, Mathews, R, Mehta, R, Mentz, R, Moreira, H, Patel, C, Bernardez-Pereira, S, Perkins, L, Povsic, T, Puymirat, E, Schuyler Jones, W, Shah, B, Sherwood, M, Stringfellow, K, Sujjavanich, D, Toma, M, Trotter, C, Van Diepen, S, Wilson, M, Yan, A, Schiavi, L, Garrido, M, Alvarisqueta, A, Sassone, S, Bordonava, A, Alves De Lima, A, Schmidberg, J, Duronto, E, Caruso, O, Novaretto, L, Hominal, M, Montana, O, Caccavo, A, Gomez Vilamajo, O, Lorenzatti, A, Cartasegna, L, Paterlini, G, Mackinnon, I, Caime, G, Amuchastegui, M, Salomone, O, Codutti, O, Jure, H, Bono, J, Hrabar, A, Vallejos, J, Ahuad Guerrero, R, Novoa, F, Patocchi, C, Zaidman, C, Giuliano, M, Dran, R, Vico, M, Carnero, G, Guzman, P, Medrano Allende, J, Garcia Brasca, D, Bustamante Labarta, M, Nani, S, Blumberg, E, Colombo, H, Liberman, A, Fuentealba, V, Luciardi, H, Waisman, G, Berli, M, Garcia Duran, R, Cestari, H, Luquez, H, Giordano, J, Saavedra, S, Zapata, G, Costamagna, O, Llois, S, Waites, J, Collins, N, Soward, A, Hii, C, Shaw, J, Arstall, M, Horowitz, J, Ninio, D, Rogers, J, Colquhoun, D, Oqueli Flores, R, Roberts-Thomson, P, Raffel, O, Lehman, S, Aroney, C, Coverdale, S, Garrahy, P, Starmer, G, Sader, M, Carroll, P, Dick, R, Zweiker, R, Hoppe, U, Huber, K, Berger, R, Delle-Karth, G, Frey, B, Weidinger, F, Faes, D, Hermans, K, Pirenne, B, Leone, A, Hoffer, E, Vrolix, M, De Wolf, L, Wollaert, B, Castadot, M, Dujardin, K, Beauloye, C, Vervoort, G, Striekwold, H, Convens, C, Roosen, J, Barbato, E, Claeys, M, Cools, F, Terzic, I, Barakovic, F, Midzic, Z, Pojskic, B, Fazlibegovic, E, Kulic, M, Durak-Nalbantic, A, Vulic, D, Muslibegovic, A, Goronja, B, Reis, G, Sousa, L, Nicolau, J, Giorgeto, F, Silva, R, Nigro Maia, L, Rech, R, Rossi, P, Cerqueira, M, Duda, N, Kalil, R, Kormann, A, Abrantes, J, Pimentel Filho, P, Soggia, A, de Santos, M, Neuenschwander, F, Bodanese, L, Michalaros, Y, Eliaschewitz, F, Vidotti, M, Leaes, P, Botelho, R, Kaiser, S, Manenti, E, Precoma, D, Moura Jorge, J, de B Silva, P, Silveira, J, Saporito, W, Marin-Neto, J, Feitosa, G, Ritt, L, de Souza, J, Costa, F, Souza, W, Reis, H, Machado, L, Ayoub, J, Todorov, G, Nikolov, F, Velcheva, E, Tzekova, M, Benov, H, Petranov, S, Tumbev, H, Shehova-Yankova, N, Markov, D, Raev, D, Mollov, M, Kichukov, K, Ilieva-Pandeva, K, Ivanova, R, Gospodinov, M, Mincheva, V, Lazov, P, Dimov, B, Senaratne, M, Stone, J, Kornder, J, Pearce, S, Dion, D, Savard, D, Pesant, Y, Pandey, A, Robinson, S, Gosselin, G, Vizel, S, Hoag, G, Bourgeois, R, Morisset, A, Sabbah, E, Sussex, B, Kouz, S, Macdonald, P, Diaz, A, Michaud, N, Fell, D, Leung, R, Vuurmans, T, Lai, C, Nigro, F, Davies, R, Nogareda, G, Vijayaraghavan, R, Ducas, J, Lepage, S, Mehta, S, Cha, J, Dupuis, R, Fong, P, Lutchmedial, S, Rodes-Cabau, J, Fadlallah, H, Cleveland, D, Huynh, T, Bata, I, Hameed, A, Pincetti, C, Potthoff, S, Acevedo, M, Aguirre, A, Vejar, M, Yanez, M, Araneda, G, Fernandez, M, Perez, L, Varleta, P, Florenzano, F, Huidobro, L, Raffo, C, Olivares, C, Nahuelpan, L, Montecinos, H, Chen, J, Dong, Y, Huang, W, Wang, J, Huang, S, Yao, Z, Li, X, Cui, L, Lin, W, Sun, Y, Li, J, Zhang, X, Zhu, H, Chen, D, Huang, L, Dong, S, Su, G, Xu, B, Su, X, Cheng, X, Lin, J, Zong, W, Li, H, Feng, Y, Xu, D, Yang, X, Ke, Y, Lin, X, Zhang, Z, Zheng, Z, Luo, Z, Chen, Y, Ding, C, Zhong, Y, Zheng, Y, Peng, D, Zhao, S, Li, Y, Liu, X, Wei, M, Liu, S, Yu, Y, Qu, B, Jiang, W, Zhou, Y, Zhao, X, Yuan, Z, Guo, Y, Xu, X, Shi, X, Ge, J, Fu, G, Bai, F, Fang, W, Shou, X, Xiang, M, Lu, Q, Zhang, R, Zhu, J, Xu, Y, Fan, Z, Li, T, Wu, C, Jaramillo, N, Sanchez Vallejo, G, Luna Botia, D, Botero Lopez, R, Molina De Salazar, D, Cadena Bonfanti, A, Cotes Aroca, C, Diego Higuera, J, Blanquicett, M, Barrera Silva, S, Garcia Lozada, H, Coronel Arroyo, J, Accini Mendoza, J, Fernandez Ruiz, R, Quintero Ossa, A, Manzur Jatin, F, Sotomayor Herazo, A, Castellanos Parada, J, Suarez Arambula, R, Urina Triana, M, Fernandez Trujillo, A, Strozzi, M, Car, S, Jeric, M, Milicic, D, Bencic, M, Pintaric, H, Prvulovic, D, Sikic, J, Persic, V, Mileta, D, Stambuk, K, Babic, Z, Tomulic, V, Lukenda, J, Mejic-Krstulovic, S, Starcevic, B, Spinar, J, Horak, D, Velicka, Z, Stasek, J, Alan, D, Machova, V, Linhart, A, Novotny, V, Kaucak, V, Rokyta, R, Naplava, R, Coufal, Z, Adamkova, V, Podpera, I, Zizka, J, Motovska, Z, Marusincova, I, Svab, P, Heinc, P, Kuchar, J, Povolny, P, Matuska, J, Poulsen, S, Raungaard, B, Clemmensen, P, Bang, L, May, O, Bottcher, M, Hove, J, Frost, L, Gislason, G, Larsen, J, Betton Johansen, P, Hald, F, Johansen, P, Jeppesen, J, Nielsen, T, Kristensen, K, Walichiewicz, P, Lomholdt, J, Klausen, I, Nielsen, P, Davidsen, F, Videbaek, L, Soots, M, Vahula, V, Hedman, A, Soopold, U, Martsin, K, Jurgenson, T, Kristjan, A, Helsinki, J, Vikman, S, Huikuri, H, Airaksinen, J, Coste, P, Ferrari, E, Morel, O, Montalescot, G, Machecourt, J, Barone-Rochette, G, Mansourati, J, Cottin, Y, Leclercq, F, Belhassane, A, Delarche, N, Boccara, F, Paganelli, F, Clerc, J, Schiele, F, Aboyans, V, Probst, V, Berland, J, Lefevre, T, Citron, B, Khintibidze, I, Shaburishvili, T, Pagava, Z, Ghlonti, R, Lominadze, Z, Khabeishvili, G, Hemetsberger, R, Edward, K, Rauch-Krohnert, U, Stratmann, M, Appel, K, Schmidt, E, Omran, H, Stellbrink, C, Dorsel, T, Lianopoulos, E, Vohringer, H, Marx, R, Zirlik, A, Schellenberg, D, Heitzer, T, Laufs, U, Werner, C, Gielen, S, Nuding, S, Winkelmann, B, Behrens, S, Sydow, K, Karakas, M, Simonis, G, Muenzel, T, Werner, N, Leggewie, S, Bocker, D, Braun-Dullaeus, R, Toursarkissian, N, Jeserich, M, Weissbrodt, M, Schaeufele, T, Weil, J, Voller, H, Waltenberger, J, Natour, M, Schmitt, S, Muller-Wieland, D, Steiner, S, Heidenreich, L, Offers, E, Gremmler, U, Killat, H, Rieker, W, Patsilinakos, S, Kartalis, A, Manolis, A, Sionis, D, Chachalis, G, Skoumas, I, Athyros, V, Vardas, P, Parthenakis, F, Alexopoulos, D, Hahalis, G, Lekakis, J, Hatzitolios, A, Fausto Ovando, S, Arango Benecke, J, Rodriguez De Leon, E, Yan, B, Siu, D, Turi, T, Merkely, B, Ungi, I, Lupkovics, G, Nagy, L, Katona, A, Edes, I, Muller, G, Horvath, I, Kapin, T, Szigeti, Z, Falukozy, J, Kumbla, M, Sandhu, M, Annam, S, Proddutur, N, Regella, R, Premchand, R, Mahajan, A, Pawar, S, Abhyanakar, A, Kerkar, P, Govinda, R, Oomman, A, Sinha, D, Patil, S, Kahali, D, Sawhney, J, Joshi, A, Chaudhary, S, Harkut, P, Guha, S, Porwal, S, Jujjuru, S, Pothineni, R, Monteiro, M, Khan, A, Iyengar, S, Grewal, J, Chopda, M, Fulwani, M, Patange, A, Sachin, P, Chopra, V, Goyal, N, Shinde, R, Manakshe, G, Patki, N, Sethi, S, Munusamy, V, Karna, S, Thanvi, S, Adhyapak, S, Patil, C, Pandurangi, U, Mathur, R, Gupta, J, Kalashetti, S, Bhagwat, A, Raghuraman, B, Yerra, S, Bhansali, P, Borse, R, Rahul, P, Das, S, Kumar, V, Abdullakutty, J, Saathe, S, Palimkar, P, Sathe, S, Atar, S, Shechter, M, Mosseri, M, Arbel, Y, Ehud, C, Ofer, H, Lotan, C, Rosenschein, U, Katz, A, Henkin, Y, Francis, A, Klutstein, M, Nikolsky, E, Zukermann, R, Turgeman, Y, Halabi, M, Marmor, A, Kornowski, R, Jonas, M, Amir, O, Hasin, Y, Rozenman, Y, Fuchs, S, Zvi, V, Hussein, O, Gavish, D, Vered, Z, Caraco, Y, Elias, M, Tov, N, Wolfovitz, E, Lishner, M, Elias, N, Piovaccari, G, De Pellegrin, A, Garbelotto, R, Guardigli, G, Marco, V, Licciardello, G, Auguadro, C, Scalise, F, Cuccia, C, Salvioni, A, Musumeci, G, Senni, M, Calabro, P, Novo, S, Faggiano, P, Metra, M, De Cesare, N, Berti, S, Cavallini, C, Puccioni, E, Galvani, M, Tespili, M, Piatti, P, Palvarini, M, De Luca, G, Violini, R, De Leo, A, Olivari, Z, Perrone Filardi, P, Ferratini, M, Racca, V, Dai, K, Shimatani, Y, Kamiya, H, Ando, K, Takeda, Y, Morino, Y, Hata, Y, Kimura, K, Kishi, K, Michishita, I, Uehara, H, 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M., Schmalfuss C., Picone M., Pederson R., Herzog W., Friedman K., Lindsey J., Nowins R., Timothy E., Leonard P., Lepor N., El Shahawy M., Weintraub H., Irimpen A., Alonso A., May W., Christopher D., Galski T., Chu A., Mody F., Ramin E., Hodes Z., Rossi J., Rose G., Fairlamb J., Lambert C., Raisinghani A., Abbate A., Vetrovec G., King M., Carey C., Gerber J., Younis L., Park H. T., Vidovich M., Knutson T., Friedman D., Chaleff F., Loussararian A., Rozeman P., Kimmelstiel C., Kuvin J., Silver K., Foster M., Tonnessen G., Espinoza A., Amlani M., Wali A., Malozzi C., Jong G. T., Massey C., Wattanakit K., O'Donnell P. J., Singal D., Jaffrani N., Banuru S., Fisher D., Xenakis M., Perlmutter N., Bhagwat R., Strader J., Blonder R., Akyea-Djamson A., Labroo A., Marais H. J., Claxton E., Weiss R., Kathryn R., Berk M., Rossi P., Joshi P., Khera A., Khaira A. S., Kumkumian G., Lupovitch S., Purow J., Welka S., Hoffman D., Fischer S., Soroka E., Eagerton D., Pancholy S., Ray M., Erenrich N., Farrar M., Pollock S., French W. J., Diamantis S., Guy D., Gimple L., Neustel M., Schwartz S., Pereira E., Albert S., Spriggs D., Strain J., Mittal S., Vo A., Chane M., Hall J., Vijay N., Lotun K., Lester F. M., Nahhas A., Pope T., Nager P., Vohra R., Sharma M., Bashir R., Ahmed H., Berlowitz M., Fishberg R., Barrucco R., Yang E., Radin M., Sporn D., Stapleton D., Eisenberg S., Landzberg J., Mcgough M., Turk S., Schwartz M., Sundram P. S., Jain D., Zainea M., Bayron C., Karlsberg R., Dohad S., Lui H., Keen W., Westerhausen D., Khurana S., Agarwal H., Birchem J., Penny W., Chang M., Murphy S., Henry J., Schifferdecker B., Gilbert J. M., Chalavarya G., Eaton C., Schmedtje J. F., Christenson S., Dotani I., Denham D., Macdonell A., Gibson P., Rahman A., Al Joundi T., Assi N., Conrad G., Kotha P., Love M., Giesler G., Rubenstein H., Gamil D., Akright L., Krawczyk J., Cobler J., Wells T., Welker J., Foster R., Gilmore R., Anderson J., Jacoby D., Gardner G., Dandillaya R., Vora K., Kostis J., Hunter J., Laxson D., Ball E., Lopes R., Egydio F., Kawakami A., Oliveira J., Wozniak J., Matthews A., Ratky C., Valiris J., Berdan L., Hepditch A., Quintero K., Rorick T., Westbrook M., Pascual A., Rovito C., Bezault M., Drouet E., Simon T., Alsweiler C., Luyten A., Butters J., Griffith L., Shaw M., Grunberg L., Islam S., Bregeault M. -F., Bougon N., Faustino D., Fontecave S., Murphy J., Verrier M., Agnetti V., Andersen D., Badreddine E., Bekkouche M., Bouancheau C., Brigui I., Brocklehurst M., Cianciarulo J., Devaul D., Domokos S., Gache C., Gobillot C., Guillou S., Healy J., Heath M., Jaiwal G., Javierre C., Labeirie J., Monier M., Morales U., Mrabti A., Mthombeni B., Okan B., Smith L., Sheller J., Sopena S., Pellan V., Benbernou F., Bengrait N., Lamoureux M., Kralova K., Scemama M., Bejuit R., Coulange A., Berthou C., Repincay J., Lorenzato C., Etienne A., Gouet V., Normand M., Ourliac A., Rondel C., Adamo A., Beltran P., Barraud P., Dubois-Gache H., Halle B., Metwally L., Mourgues M., Sotty M., Vincendet M., Cotruta R., Chengyue Z., Fournie-Lloret D., Morrello C., Perthuis A., Picault P., Zobouyan I., Dempsey M. A., and McClanahan M. A.
Abstract: Background: After acute coronary syndrome, diabetes conveys an excess risk of ischaemic cardiovascular events. A reduction in mean LDL cholesterol to 1·4–1·8 mmol/L with ezetimibe or statins reduces cardiovascular events in patients with an acute coronary syndrome and diabetes. However, the efficacy and safety of further reduction in LDL cholesterol with an inhibitor of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) after acute coronary syndrome is unknown. We aimed to explore this issue in a prespecified analysis of the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial of the PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab, assessing its effects on cardiovascular outcomes by baseline glycaemic status, while also assessing its effects on glycaemic measures including risk of new-onset diabetes. Methods: ODYSSEY OUTCOMES was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, done at 1315 sites in 57 countries, that compared alirocumab with placebo in patients who had been admitted to hospital with an acute coronary syndrome (myocardial infarction or unstable angina) 1–12 months before randomisation and who had raised concentrations of atherogenic lipoproteins despite use of high-intensity statins. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive alirocumab or placebo every 2 weeks; randomisation was stratified by country and was done centrally with an interactive voice-response or web-response system. Alirocumab was titrated to target LDL cholesterol concentrations of 0·65–1·30 mmol/L. In this prespecified analysis, we investigated the effect of alirocumab on cardiovascular events by glycaemic status at baseline (diabetes, prediabetes, or normoglycaemia)—defined on the basis of patient history, review of medical records, or baseline HbA1c or fasting serum glucose—and risk of new-onset diabetes among those without diabetes at baseline. The primary endpoint was a composite of death from coronary heart disease, non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal or non-fatal ischaemic stroke, or unstable angina requiring
Published: 2019

46. Development and validation of transient thermal-hydraulic evaluation code for a lead-based fast reactor

Author: Wei, S., Ma, Weimin, Wang, C., Chen, R., Tian, W., Qiu, S., Su, G. H., Wei, S., Ma, Weimin, Wang, C., Chen, R., Tian, W., Qiu, S., and Su, G. H.
Abstract: In this paper, development and preliminary validation of an in-house code LETHAC (lead-based fast reactor thermal-hydraulic analysis code) is introduced. LETHAC is developed for predicting the thermal-hydraulic transient performance of a lead-bismuth reactor. The mathematical models and module relations of LETHAC are presented in detail. The most-used LBE (lead-bismuth eutectic) flow and heat transfer correlations are compared against data from KYLIN-II 61-rod wire-wrapped bundle experiments. Results show little difference between the chosen heat transfer correlations as the relative error of these correlations is all within 2%. Novendstern correlation is recommended for wire-wrapped bundle frictional resistance coefficient calculation as it fits the experimental data best. Besides, the transient calculation capability of LETHAC is also preliminarily evidenced by TALL transient tests. Good agreements are shown between the calculated temperatures and the experiment ones. Relative errors between calculation results and experimental data are almost within 10% during the whole transient process, which indicates LETHAC can be used for predicting the transient behavior of lead/lead-bismuth cooled systems., QC 20211108
Published: 2021
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47. Clinician experience with telemedicine at a safety-net hospital network during covid-19: A cross-sectional survey

Author: Sharma, AE, Sharma, AE, Khoong, EC, Nijagal, MA, Lyles, CR, Su, G, Defries, T, Sarkar, U, Tuot, D, Sharma, AE, Sharma, AE, Khoong, EC, Nijagal, MA, Lyles, CR, Su, G, Defries, T, Sarkar, U, and Tuot, D
Abstract: Objective. The COVID-19 pandemic prompted unprecedented expansion of telemedicine services. We sought to describe clinician experiences providing telemedicine to publicly- insured, low- income patients during COVID-19. Methods. Online survey of ambulatory clinicians in an urban safety-net hospital system, conducted May 28, 2020– July 14, 2020. Results. Among 311 participants (response rate 48.3%), 34.7% (n=108/311) practiced in primary/urgent care, 37.0% (n=115/311) medical specialty, and 7.7% (n=24/ 311) surgical clinics. A large majority (87.8%, 273/311) had conducted telephone visits, 26.0% (81/311) video. Participants reported observing both technical and non-technical patient barriers. Clinicians reported concerns about the diagnostic safety of telephone (58.9%, 129/219) vs. video (35.3%, 24/68). However, clinician comfort with telemedicine was high for telephone (89.3%, 216/242) and for video (91.0%, 61/67), with many clinicians (92.1%, 220/239 telephone; 90.9%, 60/66 video) planning to continue telemedicine after COVID-19. Conclusions. Clinicians in a safety-net health care system report great comfort with and intention to continue telemedicine after the pandemic, despite safety concerns and patient challenges.
Published: 2021

48. LES and URANS study on turbulent flow through 3 x 3 rod bundle with spacer grid and mixing vanes using spectral element method

Author: Ju, Haoran, Yu, Hao, Wang, Mingjun, Zhao, Minfu, Tian, Wenxi, Liu, Tiancai, Su, G. H., Qiu, Suizheng, Ju, Haoran, Yu, Hao, Wang, Mingjun, Zhao, Minfu, Tian, Wenxi, Liu, Tiancai, Su, G. H., and Qiu, Suizheng
Abstract: In this paper, the turbulent flow in rod bundles with spacer grid and mixing vanes in nuclear reactor core was studied using spectral element method with large eddy simulation (LES) and unsteady RANS (URANS) method. Combining with the radial periodical boundary conditions, the turbulent mixing phenomena in central subchannels were investigated, especially focusing on the flow field after the spacer grid and mixing vanes. Other than setting up long bare rod bundle to establish the fully developed turbulent flow, only a 2-cm-long bare rod bundle was extruded upstream the spacer grid and mixing vanes, while the fully developed laminar velocity profile was applied on the inlet surface for velocity boundary settings. The results indicate that both of the models could predict time-averaged velocity at 0.5Dh, 1Dh, 4Dh downstream mixing vanes properly, while the URANS model underestimate the root-mean-square (RMS) value of fluctuating velocity due to the inlet treatment effect. Furthermore, turbulent kinetic energy contour with transverse velocity vector was combined to investigate the behaviors of vortices formed by split-type mixing vanes, revealing the behavior of vortices for preliminary dynamic and mechanic analysis in design process of fuel assembly., QC 20210729
Published: 2021
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49. FISHMORPH: A global database on morphological traits of freshwater fishes

Author: Brosse, S., Charpin, N., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., Toussaint, A., Herrera-R, G. A., Tedesco, P. A., Villéger, S., Brosse, S., Charpin, N., (0000-0003-0091-9773) Su, G., Toussaint, A., Herrera-R, G. A., Tedesco, P. A., and Villéger, S.
Abstract: Motivation Global freshwater fish biodiversity and the responses of fishes to global changes have been explored intensively using taxonomic data, whereas functional aspects remain understudied owing to the lack of knowledge for most species. To fill this gap, we compiled morphological traits related to locomotion and feeding for the world freshwater fish fauna based on pictures and scientific drawings available from the literature. Main types of variables contained The database includes 10 morphological traits measured on 8,342 freshwater fish species, covering 48.69% of the world freshwater fish fauna. Spatial location and grain Global. Major taxa and level of measurement The database considers ray-finned fishes (class Actinopterygii). Measurements were made at the species level. Software format .csv. Main conclusion The FISHMORPH database provides the most comprehensive database on fish morphological traits to date. It represents an essential source of information for ecologists and environmental managers seeking to consider morphological patterns of fish faunas throughout the globe, and for those interested in current and future impacts of human activities on the morphological structure of fish assemblages. Given the high threat status of freshwater environments and the biodiversity they host, we believe this database will be of great interest for future studies on freshwater ecology research and conservation.
Published: 2021

50. Numerical simulation of micro-crack leakage on steam generator heat transfer tube

Author: Zhao, X., (0000-0002-1277-3938) Liao, Y., Wang, M., Zhang, K., Su, G. H., Tian, W., Qiu, S., (0000-0003-0463-2278) Lucas, D., Zhao, X., (0000-0002-1277-3938) Liao, Y., Wang, M., Zhang, K., Su, G. H., Tian, W., Qiu, S., and (0000-0003-0463-2278) Lucas, D.
Abstract: Flashing is frequently encountered in nuclear power systems for example as leakage occurring on the steam generator (SG) heat transfer tubes. Pressurized primary coolant flows rapidly through the crack and flashes into vapor. The pressure relief rate and loss rate of coolant, which affects largely the safety of fission reactors, are determined by the flashing phase change process. Information about the flashing phenomenon is of significance for the leakage online monitoring system, which ensures the normal operation of steam generator (SG) and safety of the reactor when tube rupture accidents occur. In this research, steady-state and transient 3D flashing flow inside a short micro-crack channel in the heat transfer tube wall of SG have been studied using FLUENT. The cavitation model and evaporation-condensation model, in combination with both the mixture two-phase flow and the Eulerian two-fluid model, are adopted to simulate the flashing phenomenon. The real geometry and operating conditions of AP1000 nuclear system are adopted to reflect the reality leakage phenomenon in SG. Two types of micro-crack shape including axial crack and circumferential crack, which both can happen in the reality, are considered. The CFD results gained from five different models have been compared with experimental data, and good agreement is demonstrated. The model comparison shows that the evaporation-condensation model behaves superior to the cavitation model in simulating the flashing phenomenon. Finally, the leakage rates are gained under different crack shapes, sub-cooling degrees and backpressures with the most accuracy scheme. In addition, two-phase choking flow phenomenon is simulated by changing backpressure of cracked tubes. The simulation results in this research could be good reference for leakage prediction of micro-crack in SG to improve the operation performance of SG and safety of the whole nuclear power system.
Published: 2021

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