Search

Technology, specifically artificial intelligence (AI) is gradually but progressively creeping into the health sector and it’s perhaps the one that has been revolutionised most in diagnosis and treatment. This review brings out discussions on the practices of AI technologies in medical, the pros and the cons. First of all, an endeavour is made to elucidate the meaning of the term AI and its utilization in the field of healthcare. The specific AI techniques are described comprehensively focusing on the machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing methods to be used in the project The role of multiple types of data in AI includes the EHR, medical images, and genomics data. Self-diagnosis: AI is improving the diagnosis approaches in the radiology and pathology fields and predicting the early-stage disease with better results in most of the cases, and enhancing the identification of genetic diseases. As for treatment, the enhancement of the use of AI has had an impact on issues such as; Prescribing and recommending drugs according to the characteristics of the patients, smart drug administration and management, robotic surgeries and simulations. Discussions are made using concrete and successful implementation of AI in cancer, cardiovascular, neurological and infectious diseases for the purpose of elucidating particular results. This also has to do with the ethical and legal problems like who has the liability to determine in the instance of complicated problems, patients’ information discretion, data privacy, and other legalities. In this article, we briefly mention the prosaic matters of AI, which deals with the engineering aspects of establishing AI such as the aspect of data and the ways and means of checking them and the interdisciplinary character of it. Concerning future developments, additional technologies like AI and connected devices in the field of health care, interdisciplinary at national and international level as well as data sharing i

Context: Pranayama is a method for regulating and manipulating breath and meditation. It enables individuals to achieve a state of profound relaxation while maintaining mental alertness. Recent research on the effects of yoga on the respiratory system over the long term has shown promising results. Aim: This study's primary objective was to assess pranayama's impact on breath holding time. Settings and Design The present investigation entail the examination of a group of 25 male participants who exhibited good health and fell within the age range of 21 to 26 years. Methods and Material: The participants who met the specified inclusion and exclusion criteria were subjected to a 15-minute pranayama session facilitated by a yoga instructor over a period of 12 weeks. Respiratory functioning before and after yoga was assessed using measurements of breath-holding duration. The parameters were analyzed using the student t-test. Results: The breath-holding duration have shown a notable increase compared to the period before engaging in yoga practice. Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate the positive impacts of consistent engagement in pranayama on respiratory functioning.

This study explored the application of portable X-ray fluorescence (PXRF) spectrometry and soil image analysis to rapidly assess soil fertility, focusing on critical parameters such as available B, organic carbon (OC), available Mn, available S, and the sulfur availability index (SAI). Analyzing 1,133 soil samples from various agro-climatic zones in Eastern India, the research combined color and texture features from microscopic soil images, PXRF data, and auxiliary soil variables (AVs) using a Random Forest model. Results indicated that integrating image features (IFs) with auxiliary variables (AVs) significantly enhanced prediction accuracy for available B (R^2 = 0.80) and OC (R^2 = 0.88). A data fusion approach, incorporating IFs, AVs, and PXRF data, further improved predictions for available Mn and SAI with R^2 values of 0.72 and 0.70, respectively. The study demonstrated how these integrated technologies have the potential to provide quick and affordable options for soil testing, opening up access to more sophisticated prediction models and a better comprehension of the fertility and health of the soil. Future research should focus on the application of deep learning models on a larger dataset of soil images, developed using soils from a broader range of agro-climatic zones under field condition., Comment: 37 pages, 10 figures; manuscript under peer-review for publication in the jounral 'Computers and Electronics in Agriculture'

Psychological science is at an inflection point: The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated inequalities that stem from our historically closed and exclusive culture. Meanwhile, reform efforts to change the future of our science are too narrow in focus to fully succeed. In this article, we call on psychological scientists-focusing specifically on those who use quantitative methods in the United States as one context for such conversations-to begin reimagining our discipline as fundamentally open and inclusive. First, we discuss whom our discipline was designed to serve and how this history produced the inequitable reward and support systems we see today. Second, we highlight how current institutional responses to address worsening inequalities are inadequate, as well as how our disciplinary perspective may both help and hinder our ability to craft effective solutions. Third, we take a hard look in the mirror at the disconnect between what we ostensibly value as a field and what we actually practice. Fourth and finally, we lead readers through a roadmap for reimagining psychological science in whatever roles and spaces they occupy, from an informal discussion group in a department to a formal strategic planning retreat at a scientific society.

Ayurveda is a science of life and is presumed when the origin of life on this earth is mentioned in Samhita. In many references or ancient books miracle of Ayurveda is described. This miracle is proven in the form of enhanced quality for longer life. Moreover, Ayurveda provides new life by eradicating severe diseases. Ayurveda is broadly described in eight parts. Knowledge Vrana is one of them that are governed by human from the dawn of civilization. Human beings have been vulnerable to harm since beginning, prompting them to consider healing from an early stage of development. The injury from various causes lead to Vrana under many circumstances (wound). Vrana is an awful and alarming condition that can influence individuals of all ages. At the same time, wound recuperating is quite difficult for all. Thus, mending of wounds is essential. Many elements influence wound mending. Hardship-free aseptic nature of the injury is the first and most significant element to consider for its mending. Afterward the arrangement of a solid injury bed which brings about mending from now on.

Plato emphasized the importance of physical education for soul development in his book ‘Phaedo’, which Socrates shunned for the same reason. Plato emphasized the physical component and the harmonious balance of the material and spiritual in his books ‘Republic’ and ‘Laws’. In his book ‘Politics’, Aristotle defined three elements of excellent education, the first of which was physical health. In this framework, sports and physical education should take precedence.

Ayurveda is a science of life and is presumed when the origin of life on this earth  is mentioned in Samhita. In many references or ancient books miracle of  Ayurveda is described. This miracle is proven in the form of enhanced quality for  longer life. Moreover, Ayurveda provides new life by eradicating severe diseases.  Ayurveda is broadly described in eight parts. Knowledge Vrana is one of them that  are governed by human from the dawn of civilization. Human beings have been  vulnerable to harm since beginning, prompting them to consider healing from an  early stage of development. The injury from various causes lead to Vrana under  many circumstances (wound). Vrana is an awful and alarming condition that can  influence individuals of all ages. At the same time, wound recuperating is quite  difficult for all. Thus, mending of wounds is essential. Many elements influence  wound mending. Hardship-free aseptic nature of the injury is the first and most  significant element to consider for its mending. Afterward the arrangement of a  solid injury bed which brings about mending from now on.&nbsp

Personality is not the most popular subfield of psychology. But, in one way or another, personality psychologists have played an outsized role in the ongoing credibility revolution in psychology. Not only have individual personality psychologists taken on visible roles in the movement, but our fields practices and norms have now become models for other fields to emulate (or, for those who share Baumeisters (2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2016.02.003) skeptical view of the consequences of increasing rigor, a model for what to avoid). In this article we discuss some unique features of our field that may have placed us in an ideal position to be leaders in this movement. We do so from a subjective perspective, describing our impressions and opinions about possible explanations for personality psychologys disproportionate role in the credibility revolution. We also discuss some ways in which personality psychology remains less-than-optimal, and how we can address these flaws.

Soil quality degradation is a major threat to any agricultural production system. Therefore periodical monitoring of soil quality status is inevitable for sustainable management of agricultural production systems. Though there are various methods available to assess the soil quality, simple and management oriented methods are necessary. The current investigation aimed to evaluate soil quality of tribal areas of central India adopting minimum dataset of 15 soil physical, chemical and biological parameters. A novel scoring technique was followed to score soil quality indicators based on its relation with crop yield, degree of variation and percent deficiency. Relative soil quality index (RSQI) was calculated and was correlated with crop productivity. Most of the soils in the region had poor soil quality (77.2% in Jhabua, 85.4% in Alirajpur and 67.2% in Dhar) with low crop yield. The major constraints of crop production in these areas were low soil organic carbon (<0.5%), available N (<280 kg ha-1), S (<10 mg kg-1), P (<10 kg ha-1), Zn (<0.5 mg kg-1), dehydogenase activity (10 ?g TPF g-1 24 h-1) and soil depth (<1 m). Adopting sustainable management practices could improve soil quality and crop productivity. This new approach is simple and systematic; this principle can be easily adoptable to other locations, and principally focuses on management related and soil parameters that constraint to production and ecological functions.

What leads personality to develop in adulthood? Values, guiding principles that apply across contexts, may capture motivation for growth and change. An essentialist trait perspective posits that personality changes only as a result of organic factors. But evidence suggests that psychosocial factors also influence personality change, especially during young adulthood. In the Life and Time study of sources of personality change in adulthood, we specifically explore ethically-relevant value priorities, those related to the relative prioritization of narrow self-interest over the concerns of a larger community. According to Rollo May (1967), “mature values”, including aspects of both self-transcendence and self-determination, should serve to diminish or prevent neurotic anxiety. This is consistent with research on materialism, which is associated with lower well-being. An index based on May’s proposal and several related constructs (materialism, unmitigated self-interest, collectivism and individualism) are tested longitudinally as possible antecedents of Big Five/Six personality trait change using bivariate LCMSR models in a national community sample (N = 864 at Time 1). Contrary to an essentialist trait perspective, these value priorities more often preceded change in personality traits than vice-versa. Somewhat consistent with May’s theory, higher “mature” values preceded higher openness (statistically significant at the p <.005 level). Higher vertical individualism significantly preceded lower compassion, intellect and openness. At the suggestive (p <.05) level, higher unmitigated self-interest preceded lower conscientiousness, higher vertical individualism preceded higher volatility, higher mature values preceded higher honesty/propriety and politeness, higher horizontal collectivism preceded higher orderliness, agreeableness, and assertiveness and lower intellect, and higher horizontal individualism preceded lower withdrawal. In two of three cases, suggestive pers

It is a need of time to use hybrid approach (biological and chemical) to control agriculture pests effectively, economically and safely. Most of the pests and natural enemies in their life history goes through two stages namely immature larva and mature adult. From this biological point of view, we purpose a pest control model with stage structuring in pests and natural enemies in the presence of impulsively released natural enemy and chemical pesticides. Using Floquet theory and small ampli- tude perturbation technique, the local stability of periodic solutions are discussed. The suffcient conditions for the global attractively of pest- extinction periodic solution and permanence of the system are obtained by using comparison technique of differential equations with impulsive effect. At last an extensive simulation is done to verify the theoretical ndings and to see the rich dynamical behavior of the system.

It is a need of time to use hybrid approach (biological and chemical) to control agriculture pests effectively, economically and safely. Most of the pests and natural enemies in their life history goes through two stages namely immature larva and mature adult. From this biological point of view, we purpose a pest control model with stage structuring in pests and natural enemies in the presence of impulsively released natural enemy and chemical pesticides. Using Floquet theory and small ampli- tude perturbation technique, the local stability of periodic solutions are discussed. The suffcient conditions for the global attractively of pest- extinction periodic solution and permanence of the system are obtained by using comparison technique of differential equations with impulsive effect. At last an extensive simulation is done to verify the theoretical ndings and to see the rich dynamical behavior of the system.

Shesh N Rai,1,2,* Xiaoyong Wu,1,* Deo K Srivastava,3 John A Craycroft,2 Jayesh P Rai,4 Sanjay Srivastava,4 Robert F James,5 Maxwell Boakye,5 Aruni Bhatnagar,4 Richard Baumgartner6 1Biostatistics Shared Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; 2Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; 3Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA; 4Division of Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; 5Department of Neurosurgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; 6Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville, KY, USA *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Observational studies, common in clinical trials, often suffer from a lack of random assignment of the treatment. This can lead to large differences in covariates between the treated and untreated groups, which should be accounted for prior to inference, hypothesis tests, etc. Propensity score methods are frequently used to control for potentially confounding covariates when assessing causal effects of treatment on outcome. In this review, we introduce four adjustment methods based on propensity scores including matching, stratification, inverse probability of treatment weighting and covariate adjustment. Also, we give a general description of these four methods and provide some visual tools to assess covariate balance between the treated and untreated groups. We confirm the feasibility of propensity score methods by analyzing the Health Evaluation and Linkage to Primary care clinic clinical data. Keywords: propensity score, covariate balance, observational studies, association analysis, HELP Clinic, proc glm, proc logistic, cat.psa, box.psa

Accurate and reliable measurements of exposure to tobacco products are essential for identifying and confirming patterns of tobacco product use and for assessing their potential biological effects in both human populations and experimental systems. Due to the introduction of new tobacco-derived products and the development of novel ways to modify and use conventional tobacco products, precise and specific assessments of exposure to tobacco are now more important than ever. Biomarkers that were developed and validated to measure exposure to cigarettes are being evaluated to assess their use for measuring exposure to these new products. Here, we review current methods for measuring exposure to new and emerging tobacco products, such as electronic cigarettes, little cigars, water pipes, and cigarillos. Rigorously validated biomarkers specific to these new products have not yet been identified. Here, we discuss the strengths and limitations of current approaches, including whether they provide reliable exposure estimates for new and emerging products. We provide specific guidance for choosing practical and economical biomarkers for different study designs and experimental conditions. Our goal is to help both new and experienced investigators measure exposure to tobacco products accurately and avoid common experimental errors. With the identification of the capacity gaps in biomarker research on new and emerging tobacco products, we hope to provide researchers, policymakers, and funding agencies with a clear action plan for conducting and promoting research on the patterns of use and health effects of these products.

Benzene is a ubiquitous, volatile pollutant present at high concentrations in toxins (e.g. tobacco smoke) known to increase cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Despite its prevalence, the cardiovascular effects of benzene have rarely been studied. Hence, we examined whether exposure to benzene is associated with increased CVD risk. The effects of benzene exposure in mice were assessed by direct inhalation, while the effects of benzene exposure in humans was assessed in 210 individuals with mild to high CVD risk by measuring urinary levels of the benzene metabolite trans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA). Generalized linear models were used to assess the association between benzene exposure and CVD risk. Mice inhaling volatile benzene had significantly reduced levels of circulating angiogenic cells (Flk-1+/Sca-1+) as well as an increased levels of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) compared with control mice breathing filtered air. In the human cohort, urinary levels of t,t-MA were inversely associated several populations of circulating angiogenic cells (CD31+/34+/45+, CD31+/34+/45+/AC133–, CD34+/45+/AC133+). Although t,t-MA was not associated with plasma markers of inflammation or thrombosis, t,t-MA levels were higher in smokers and in individuals with dyslipidemia. In smokers, t,t-MA levels were positively associated with urinary metabolites of nicotine (cotinine) and acrolein (3-hydroxymercapturic acid). Levels of t,t-MA were also associated with CVD risk as assessed using the Framingham Risk Score and this association was independent of smoking. Thus, benzene exposure is associated with increased CVD risk and deficits in circulating angiogenic cells in both smokers and non-smokers.

This article explores recent histories of masculine cultures in India. The discussion proceeds through outlining the most significant sites of the making of masculinity discourses during the colonial, the immediate post-colonial as well as the contemporary period. The immediate present is explored through an investigation of the the media persona of India's current Prime Minister, Narendra Modi. Through constructing a narrative of Indian modernity that draws upon diverse contexts -- such as colonial discourses about natives, anti-colonial nationalism, and post-colonial discourses of economic planning, 'liberalization' and consumerism -- the article illustrates the multiple locations of masculinity politics. Further, the exploration of relationships between economic, political and social contexts also seeks to blur the boundaries between them, thereby initiating a methodological dialogue regarding the study of masculinities. The article also seeks to point out that while there are continuities between the (colonial) past and the (post-colonial) present, the manner in which the past is utilised for the purposes of the present relates to performances and contexts in the present. Finally, the article suggests there is no linear history of masculinity, rather that the uses of the past in the present allow us to understand the prolix and circular ways in which the present is constituted., Este artículo explora historias recientes de las culturas masculinas en la India. La discusión continúa a través de esbozar los sitios más importantes de la elaboración donde se han concretado los discursos de masculinidad durante el periodo de colonización, la post-colonialización inmediata y en la actualidad. El presente artículo describe una investigación de la personalidad mediática del actual primer ministro de la India, Narendra Modi. A través de la construcción de una narrativa de la modernidad de la India en diferentes contextos - como discursos coloniales sobre los nativos, el nacionalismo anticolonial y los discursos post-coloniales de la planificación económica, la "liberalización" y el consumismo - el artículo ilustra los múltiples aspectos relacionados con la masculinidad política. Además, la exploración de las relaciones entre los contextos económicos, políticos y sociales también pretende diluir los límites entre ellos, iniciando así un diálogo metodológico sobre el estudio de las masculinidades. El artículo también pretende señalar que si bien existen continuidades entre el pasado (colonial) y el (post-colonial) actualmente, la manera en que el pasado se utiliza para los fines del presente se refiere a actuaciones y contextos en el presente. Por último, el artículo sugiere que no hay historia lineal de la masculinidad, ya que los usos del pasado en el presente nos permiten comprender las formas circulares y extensas en las cuales se constituye el presente.

Evidence about distribution patterns of brain metastases with regard to breast cancer subtypes and its influence on the prognosis of patients is insufficient. Clinical data, cranial computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of 300 breast cancer patients with brain metastases (BMs) were collected retrospectively in four centers participating in the Brain Metastases in Breast Cancer Registry (BMBC) in Germany. Patients with positive estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) statuses, had a significantly lower number of BMs at diagnosis. Concerning the treatment mode, HER2-positive patients treated with trastuzumab before the diagnosis of BMs showed a lower number of intracranial metastases (p < 0.001). Patients with a HER2-positive tumor-subtype developed cerebellar metastases more often compared with HER2-negative patients (59.8% vs. 44.5%, p = 0.021), whereas patients with triple-negative primary tumors had leptomeningeal disease more often (31.4% vs. 18.3%, p = 0.038). The localization of Brain metastases (BMs) was associated with prognosis: patients with leptomeningeal disease had shorter survival compared with patients without signs of leptomeningeal disease (median survival 3 vs. 5 months, p = 0.025). A shorter survival could also be observed in the patients with metastases in the occipital lobe (median survival 3 vs. 5 months, p = 0.012). Our findings suggest a different tumor cell homing to different brain regions depending on subtype and treatment. View Full-Text

In this paper, we establish the local and global existence and uniqueness results for fuzzy differential equation with impulse effect using contraction principle. It has also been shown that impulses do contribute to control the fuzziness of the solution.

In this paper, we establish the local and global existence and uniqueness results for fuzzy differential equation with impulse effect using contraction principle. It has also been shown that impulses do contribute to control the fuzziness of the solution.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 1982., MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND DEWEY, Bibliography: leaves 100-104., by Sanjay Srivastava., Ph.D.

Building upon theorizations of gender, space and subjectivity, and consumer cultures, this article explores contemporary masculinity politics in Delhi. It focuses upon a group of young men of the Bajrang Dal, an organization of the Hindu Right, in order to explore their lives as urban subjects whose actions unfold across a number of registers, of which 'Hindu nationalism' is just one. The discussion embarks upon an ethnography of 'fragmentation' and 'splitting', presenting these as significant processes in themaking of masculine identities. It suggests that these concepts foreground the ways in which new consumer cultures play a role in the making of masculine power and the notion of an 'all-consuming man'.

The main result of this paper is that the multiple equilibrium problem in mechanism design can be avoided in private value models if agents do not use weakly dominated strategies in equilibrium. We show that in such settings, any incentive compatible allocation can be made the unique equilibrium outcome to a mechanism. We derive a general necessary condition for unique implementation which implies that the positive result for private value models applies with considerably less generality to common value settings and to situations in which an agent's information does not index the agent's preferences.

This paper identifies several social choice correspondences which are and are not fully implementable in economic environments when agents are incompletely informed about the environment. We show that in contrast to results in the case of complete information, neither efficient allocations nor core allocations define implementable social choice correspondences. We also identify conditions under which the Rational Expectations Equilibrium correspondence is implementable. We extend the concepts of fair allocations and Lindahl allocations to economies with incomplete information, and show that envy-free allocations and Lindahl allocations are implementable under some conditions while fair allocations are not.

This paper studies the problem of designing efficient trading mechanisms when players may engage in pre-play communication. It is well known that equilibrium behavior can be affected, sometimes drastically, if players have the opportunity to exchange messages prior to playing some particular game. We investigate the relationship between efficiency, pre-play communication, and unique implementation. We identify a class of simple mechanisms which are immune to pre-play communication and show that any incentive efficient allocation can be uniquely implemented by such a mechanism.