Author: "Smargiassi, A" / Publication Type: Electronic Resources - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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62 results on '"Smargiassi, A"'

1. Response to 'Comment on 'Evidence Synthesis of Observational Studies in Environmental Health: Lessons Learned from a Systematic Review on Traffic-Related Air Pollution''

Author: Boogaard, Hanna, Atkinson, Richard W., Brook, Jeffrey R., Chang, Howard H., Hoek, Gerard, Hoffmann, Barbara, Sagiv, Sharon K., Samoli, Evangelia, Smargiassi, Audrey, Szpiro, Adam A., Vienneau, Danielle, Weuve, Jennifer, Lurmann, Frederick W., Forastiere, Francesco, Boogaard, Hanna, Atkinson, Richard W., Brook, Jeffrey R., Chang, Howard H., Hoek, Gerard, Hoffmann, Barbara, Sagiv, Sharon K., Samoli, Evangelia, Smargiassi, Audrey, Szpiro, Adam A., Vienneau, Danielle, Weuve, Jennifer, Lurmann, Frederick W., and Forastiere, Francesco
Published: 2024

2. Validation and analysis of the Polair3D v1.11 chemical transport model over Quebec

Author: Yamanouchi, Shoma, Gamage, Shayamilla Mahagammulla, Torbatian, Sara, Zalzal, Jad, Minet, Laura, Smargiassi, Audrey, Liu, Ying, Liu, Ling, Azargoshasbi, Forood, Kim, Jinwoong, Kim, Youngseob, Yazgi, Daniel, Hatzopoulou, Marianne, Yamanouchi, Shoma, Gamage, Shayamilla Mahagammulla, Torbatian, Sara, Zalzal, Jad, Minet, Laura, Smargiassi, Audrey, Liu, Ying, Liu, Ling, Azargoshasbi, Forood, Kim, Jinwoong, Kim, Youngseob, Yazgi, Daniel, and Hatzopoulou, Marianne
Published: 2024
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3. Validation and analysis of the Polair3D v1.11 chemical transport model over Quebec

Author: Yamanouchi, Shoma, Gamage, Shayamilla Mahagammulla, Torbatian, Sara, Zalzal, Jad, Minet, Laura, Smargiassi, Audrey, Liu, Ying, Liu, Ling, Azargoshasbi, Forood, Kim, Jinwoong, Kim, Youngseob, Yazgi, Daniel, Hatzopoulou, Marianne, Yamanouchi, Shoma, Gamage, Shayamilla Mahagammulla, Torbatian, Sara, Zalzal, Jad, Minet, Laura, Smargiassi, Audrey, Liu, Ying, Liu, Ling, Azargoshasbi, Forood, Kim, Jinwoong, Kim, Youngseob, Yazgi, Daniel, and Hatzopoulou, Marianne
Published: 2024
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4. Evidence Synthesis of Observational Studies in Environmental Health: Lessons Learned from a Systematic Review on Traffic-Related Air Pollution.

Author: Boogaard, Hanna, Boogaard, Hanna, Atkinson, Richard, Brook, Jeffrey, Chang, Howard, Hoek, Gerard, Hoffmann, Barbara, Sagiv, Sharon, Samoli, Evangelia, Smargiassi, Audrey, Szpiro, Adam, Vienneau, Danielle, Weuve, Jennifer, Lurmann, Frederick, Forastiere, Francesco, Boogaard, Hanna, Boogaard, Hanna, Atkinson, Richard, Brook, Jeffrey, Chang, Howard, Hoek, Gerard, Hoffmann, Barbara, Sagiv, Sharon, Samoli, Evangelia, Smargiassi, Audrey, Szpiro, Adam, Vienneau, Danielle, Weuve, Jennifer, Lurmann, Frederick, and Forastiere, Francesco
Abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a long tradition in environmental health of using frameworks for evidence synthesis, such as those of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for its Integrated Science Assessments and the International Agency for Research on Cancer Monographs. The framework, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE), was developed for evidence synthesis in clinical medicine. The U.S. Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) elaborated an approach for evidence synthesis in environmental health building on GRADE. METHODS: We applied a modified OHAT approach and a broader narrative assessment to assess the level of confidence in a large systematic review on traffic-related air pollution and health outcomes. DISCUSSION: We discuss several challenges with the OHAT approach and its implementation and suggest improvements for synthesizing evidence from observational studies in environmental health. We consider the determination of confidence using a formal rating scheme of up- and downgrading of certain factors, the treatment of every factor as equally important, and the lower initial confidence rating of observational studies to be fundamental issues in the OHAT approach. We argue that some observational studies can offer high-confidence evidence in environmental health. We note that heterogeneity in magnitude of effect estimates should generally not weaken the confidence in the evidence, and consistency of associations across study designs, populations, and exposure assessment methods may strengthen confidence in the evidence. We mention that publication bias should be explored beyond statistical methods and is likely limited when large and collaborative studies comprise most of the evidence and when accrued over several decades. We propose to identify possible key biases, their most likely direction, and their potential impacts on the results. We think that the OHAT approach and other GRADE-type frameworks require substan
Published: 2023

5. A nontrivial differential diagnosis in COVID-19 pandemic: A case report and literary review of amiodarone-induced interstitial pneumonia

Author: Cappannoli, Luigi, Telesca, Alessandro, Scacciavillani, Roberto, Petrolati, Edoardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Rabini, Alessia, Massetti, Massimo, Crea, Filippo, Aspromonte, Nadia, Cappannoli L., Telesca A., Scacciavillani R., Petrolati E., Smargiassi A., Rabini A. (ORCID:0000-0002-6065-161X), Massetti M. (ORCID:0000-0002-7100-8478), Crea F. (ORCID:0000-0001-9404-8846), Aspromonte N., Cappannoli, Luigi, Telesca, Alessandro, Scacciavillani, Roberto, Petrolati, Edoardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Rabini, Alessia, Massetti, Massimo, Crea, Filippo, Aspromonte, Nadia, Cappannoli L., Telesca A., Scacciavillani R., Petrolati E., Smargiassi A., Rabini A. (ORCID:0000-0002-6065-161X), Massetti M. (ORCID:0000-0002-7100-8478), Crea F. (ORCID:0000-0001-9404-8846), and Aspromonte N.
Abstract: Amiodarone is a drug commonly used to treat and prevent cardiac arrhythmias, but it is often associated with several adverse effects, the most serious of which is pulmonary toxicity. A 79-year-old man presented with respiratory failure due to interstitial pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The viral etiology was nevertheless excluded by repeated nasopharyngeal swabs and serological tests and the final diagnosis was amiodarone-induced organizing pneumonia. The clinical and computed tomography findings improved after amiodarone interruption and steroid therapy. Even during a pandemic, differential diagnosis should always be considered and pulmonary toxicity has to be taken into account in any patient taking amiodarone and who has new respiratory symptoms.
Published: 2021

6. Antimicrobial Resistance in Common Respiratory Pathogens of Chronic Bronchiectasis Patients: A Literature Review

Author: Inchingolo, R, Pierandrei, C, Montemurro, G, Smargiassi, A, Lohmeyer, Fm, Rizzi, A., Inchingolo R (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Pierandrei C, Smargiassi A, Rizzi A. (ORCID:0000-0002-6795-746X), Inchingolo, R, Pierandrei, C, Montemurro, G, Smargiassi, A, Lohmeyer, Fm, Rizzi, A., Inchingolo R (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Pierandrei C, Smargiassi A, and Rizzi A. (ORCID:0000-0002-6795-746X)
Abstract: Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis is a chronic disorder in which immune system dysregulation and impaired airway clearance cause mucus accumulation and consequent increased susceptibility to lung infections. The presence of pathogens in the lower respiratory tract causes a vicious circle resulting in impaired mucociliary function, bronchial inflammation, and progressive lung injury. In current guidelines, antibiotic therapy has a key role in bronchiectasis management to treat acute exacerbations and chronic infection and to eradicate bacterial colonization. Contrastingly, antimicrobial resistance, with the risk of multidrug-resistant pathogen development, causes nowadays great concern. The aim of this literature review was to assess the role of antibiotic therapy in bronchiectasis patient management and possible concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance based on current evidence. The authors of this review stress the need to expand research regarding bronchiectasis with the aim to assess measures to reduce the rate of antimicrobial resistance worldwide.
Published: 2021

7. How to perform lung ultrasound in pregnant women with suspected COVID-19

Author: Moro, Francesca, Buonsenso, Danilo, Moruzzi, M. C., Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Demi, L., Larici, Anna Rita, Scambia, Giovanni, Lanzone, Antonio, Testa, Antonia Carla, Moro F., Buonsenso D., Inchingolo R. (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Smargiassi A., Larici A. R. (ORCID:0000-0002-1882-6244), Scambia G. (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), Lanzone A. (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Testa A. C. (ORCID:0000-0003-2217-8726), Moro, Francesca, Buonsenso, Danilo, Moruzzi, M. C., Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Demi, L., Larici, Anna Rita, Scambia, Giovanni, Lanzone, Antonio, Testa, Antonia Carla, Moro F., Buonsenso D., Inchingolo R. (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Smargiassi A., Larici A. R. (ORCID:0000-0002-1882-6244), Scambia G. (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), Lanzone A. (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), and Testa A. C. (ORCID:0000-0003-2217-8726)
Abstract: Under certain circumstances, such as during the current COVID-19 outbreak, pregnant women can be a target for respiratory infection, and lung examination may be required as part of their clinical evaluation, ideally while avoiding exposure to radiation. We propose a practical approach for obstetricians/gynecologists to perform lung ultrasound examination, discussing potential applications, semiology and practical aspects, which could be of particular importance in emergency situations, such as the current pandemic infection of COVID-19. Copyright © 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Published: 2020

8. The diagnosis of pneumonia in a pregnant woman with coronavirus disease 2019 using maternal lung ultrasound

Author: Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Moro, Francesca, Buonsenso, Danilo, Salvi, Silvia, Del Giacomo, Paola, Scoppettuolo, Giancarlo, Demi, L., Soldati, G., Testa, Antonia Carla, Inchingolo R. (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Smargiassi A., Moro F., Buonsenso D., Salvi S. (ORCID:0000-0001-7793-9612), Del Giacomo P., Scoppettuolo G., Testa A. C. (ORCID:0000-0003-2217-8726), Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Moro, Francesca, Buonsenso, Danilo, Salvi, Silvia, Del Giacomo, Paola, Scoppettuolo, Giancarlo, Demi, L., Soldati, G., Testa, Antonia Carla, Inchingolo R. (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Smargiassi A., Moro F., Buonsenso D., Salvi S. (ORCID:0000-0001-7793-9612), Del Giacomo P., Scoppettuolo G., and Testa A. C. (ORCID:0000-0003-2217-8726)
Abstract: Lung ultrasound examination has been demonstrated to be an accurate imaging method to detect pulmonary and pleural conditions. During pregnancy, there is a need for rapid assessment of the maternal lung in patients with suspected coronavirus disease 2019. We report our experience on lung ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in a pregnant woman. Typical ultrasound features of this pulmonary pathology, including diffuse hyperechoic vertical artifacts with thickened pleural line and “white lung” with patchy distribution, were observed. We suggest point-of-care lung ultrasound examination as a diagnostic imaging tool in pregnant women with suspected coronavirus disease 2019.
Published: 2020

9. The diagnosis of pneumonia in a pregnant woman with coronavirus disease 2019 using maternal lung ultrasound.

Author: Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Moro, Francesca, Buonsenso, Danilo, Salvi, Silvia, Del Giacomo, Paola, Scoppettuolo, Giancarlo, Demi, L, Soldati, G, Testa, Antonia Carla, Inchingolo R (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Smargiassi A, Moro F, Buonsenso D, Salvi S (ORCID:0000-0001-7793-9612), Del Giacomo P, Scoppettuolo G, Testa AC. (ORCID:0000-0003-2217-8726), Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Moro, Francesca, Buonsenso, Danilo, Salvi, Silvia, Del Giacomo, Paola, Scoppettuolo, Giancarlo, Demi, L, Soldati, G, Testa, Antonia Carla, Inchingolo R (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Smargiassi A, Moro F, Buonsenso D, Salvi S (ORCID:0000-0001-7793-9612), Del Giacomo P, Scoppettuolo G, and Testa AC. (ORCID:0000-0003-2217-8726)
Abstract: Lung ultrasound examination has been demonstrated to be an accurate imaging method to detect pulmonary and pleural conditions. During pregnancy, there is a need for rapid assessment of the maternal lung in patients with suspected coronavirus disease 2019. We report our experience on lung ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in a pregnant woman. Typical ultrasound features of this pulmonary pathology, including diffuse hyperechoic vertical artifacts with thickened pleural line and “white lung” with patchy distribution, were observed. We suggest point-of-care lung ultrasound examination as a diagnostic imaging tool in pregnant women with suspected coronavirus disease 2019.
Published: 2020

10. How to Perform Pediatric Lung Ultrasound Examinations in the Time of COVID-19

Author: De Rose, Cristina, Inchingolo, R., Smargiassi, Andrea, Zampino, Giuseppe, Valentini, Piero, Buonsenso, Danilo, De Rose C., Smargiassi A., Zampino G. (ORCID:0000-0003-3865-3253), Valentini P. (ORCID:0000-0001-6095-9510), Buonsenso D., De Rose, Cristina, Inchingolo, R., Smargiassi, Andrea, Zampino, Giuseppe, Valentini, Piero, Buonsenso, Danilo, De Rose C., Smargiassi A., Zampino G. (ORCID:0000-0003-3865-3253), Valentini P. (ORCID:0000-0001-6095-9510), and Buonsenso D.
Abstract: No abstract available
Published: 2020

11. How to perform lung ultrasound in pregnant women with suspected COVID-19

Author: Moro, Francesca, Buonsenso, Danilo, Moruzzi, M. C., Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Demi, L., Larici, Anna Rita, Scambia, Giovanni, Lanzone, Antonio, Testa, Antonia Carla, Moro F., Buonsenso D., Inchingolo R., Smargiassi A., Larici A. R. (ORCID:0000-0002-1882-6244), Scambia G. (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), Lanzone A. (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Testa A. C. (ORCID:0000-0003-2217-8726), Moro, Francesca, Buonsenso, Danilo, Moruzzi, M. C., Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Demi, L., Larici, Anna Rita, Scambia, Giovanni, Lanzone, Antonio, Testa, Antonia Carla, Moro F., Buonsenso D., Inchingolo R., Smargiassi A., Larici A. R. (ORCID:0000-0002-1882-6244), Scambia G. (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), Lanzone A. (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), and Testa A. C. (ORCID:0000-0003-2217-8726)
Abstract: Under certain circumstances, such as during the current COVID-19 outbreak, pregnant women can be a target for respiratory infection, and lung examination may be required as part of their clinical evaluation, ideally while avoiding exposure to radiation. We propose a practical approach for obstetricians/gynecologists to perform lung ultrasound examination, discussing potential applications, semiology and practical aspects, which could be of particular importance in emergency situations, such as the current pandemic infection of COVID-19. Copyright © 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Published: 2020

12. Clinical role of lung ultrasound for diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19 pneumonia in pregnant women

Author: Buonsenso, D., Raffaelli, F., Tamburrini, E., Biasucci, D. G., Salvi, S., Smargiassi, A., Inchingolo, R., Scambia, G., Lanzone, A., Testa, A. C., Moro, F., Buonsenso D., Raffaelli F., Tamburrini E. (ORCID:0000-0003-4930-426X), Biasucci D. G., Salvi S. (ORCID:0000-0001-7793-9612), Smargiassi A., Inchingolo R., Scambia G. (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), Lanzone A. (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Testa A. C. (ORCID:0000-0003-2217-8726), Moro F., Buonsenso, D., Raffaelli, F., Tamburrini, E., Biasucci, D. G., Salvi, S., Smargiassi, A., Inchingolo, R., Scambia, G., Lanzone, A., Testa, A. C., Moro, F., Buonsenso D., Raffaelli F., Tamburrini E. (ORCID:0000-0003-4930-426X), Biasucci D. G., Salvi S. (ORCID:0000-0001-7793-9612), Smargiassi A., Inchingolo R., Scambia G. (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), Lanzone A. (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Testa A. C. (ORCID:0000-0003-2217-8726), and Moro F.
Abstract: Lung ultrasound has been suggested recently by the Chinese Critical Care Ultrasound Study Group and Italian Academy of Thoracic Ultrasound as an accurate tool to detect lung involvement in COVID-19. Although chest computed tomography (CT) represents the gold standard to assess lung involvement, with a specificity superior even to that of the nasopharyngeal swab for diagnosis, lung ultrasound examination can be a valid alternative to CT scan, with certain advantages, particularly for pregnant women. Ultrasound can be performed directly at the bed-side by a single operator, reducing the risk of spreading the disease among health professionals. Furthermore, it is a radiation-free exam, making it safer and easier to monitor those patients who require a series of exams. We report on four cases of pregnant women affected by COVID-19 who were monitored with lung ultrasound examination. All patients showed sonographic features indicative of COVID-19 pneumonia at admission: irregular pleural lines and vertical artifacts (B-lines) were observed in all four cases, and patchy areas of white lung were observed in two. Lung ultrasound was more sensitive than was chest X-ray in detecting COVID-19. In three patients, we observed almost complete resolution of lung pathology on ultrasound within 96 h of admission. Two pregnancies were ongoing at the time of writing, and two had undergone Cesarean delivery with no fetal complications. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of cord blood and newborn swabs was negative in both of these cases. Copyright © 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Published: 2020

13. Asthma in patients admitted to emergency department for COVID-19: prevalence and risk of hospitalization

Author: Gabrielli, Maurizio, Pignataro, Giulia, Candelli, Marcello, Sacco Fernandez, Marta, Bizzarri, Martina, Esperide, Alessandra, Franceschi, Francesco, Abbate, Valeria, Nicola, Acampora, Addolorato, Giovanni, Agostini, Fabiana, Ainora, Maria Elena, Akacha, Karim, Amato, Elena, Andreani, Francesca, Andriollo, Gloria, Annetta, Maria Giuseppina, Annicchiarico, Brigida Eleonora, Mariangela, Antonelli, Antonucci, Gabriele, Marco, Anzellotti Gian, Armuzzi, Alessandro, Baldi, Fabiana, Barattucci, Ilaria, Barillaro, Christian, Fabiana, Barone, Bellantone, Rocco Domenico Alfonso, Andrea, Bellieni, Bello, Giuseppe, Benicchi, Andrea, Benvenuto, Francesca, Berardini, Ludovica, Berloco, Filippo, Bernabei, Roberto, Bianchi, Antonio, Biasucci, Daniele Guerino, Biasucci, Luigi Marzio, Stefano, Bibbò, Bini, Alessandra, Alessandra, Bisanti, Biscetti, Federico, Bocci, Maria Grazia, Nicola, Bonadia, Bongiovanni, Filippo, Borghetti, Alberto, Bosco, Giulia, Bosello, Silvia Laura, Bove, Vincenzo, Bramato, Giulia, Brandi, Vincenzo, Teresa, Bruni, Bruno, Carmine, Bruno, Dario, Bungaro, Maria Chiara, Buonomo, Alessandro, Livia, Burzo, Angelo, Calabrese, Rosaria, Calvello Maria, Andrea, Cambieri, Cambise, Chiara, Camma, Giulia, Gennaro, Canistro, Antonello, Cantanale, Capalbo, Gennaro, Capaldi, Lorenzo, Capone, Emanuele, Capristo, Esmeralda, Carbone, Luigi, Silvia, Cardone, Carelli, Simone, Carfi', Angelo, Annamaria, Carnicelli, Caruso, Cristiano, Antonio, Casciaro Francesco, Catalano, Lucio, Cauda, Roberto, Cecchini, Andrea Leonardo, Cerrito, Lucia, Melania, Cesarano, Chiarito, Annalisa, Cianci, Rossella, Cicetti, Marta, Cicchinelli, Sara, Arturo, Ciccullo, Ciciarello, Francesca, Cingolani, Antonella, Cipriani, Maria Camilla, Consalvo, Ludovica Maria, Coppola, Gaetano, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Corsello, Andrea, Costante, Federico, Matteo, Costanzi, Covino, Marcello, Davide, Crupi, Lucio, Cutuli Salvatore, D'Addio, Stefano, D'Alessandro, Alessia, D'Alfonso, Maria Elena, D'Angelo, Emanuela, Francesca, D’Aversa, Damiano, Fernando, De Maria, Berardinis Gian, De Cunzo, Tommaso, De Gaetano Donati, Katleen, De Luca, Giulio, De Matteis, Giuseppe, De Pascale, Gennaro, De Paolo, Santi, De Martina, Siena, De Francesco, Vito, Del Valeria, Gatto, Del Paola, Giacomo, Del Fabio, Zompo, Maria, Dell’Anna Antonio, Della Davide, Polla, Di Luca, Gialleonardo, Di Simona, Giambenedetto, Di Roberta, Luca, Di Luca, Maurizio, Di Mariangela, Muro, Alex, Dusina, Davide, Eleuteri, Alessandra, Esperide, Daniele, Facheci, Domenico, Faliero, Cinzia, Falsiroli, Massimo, Fantoni, Annalaura, Fedele, Daniela, Feliciani, Cristina, Ferrante, Giuliano, Ferrone, Rossano, Festa, Chiara, Fiore Maria, Andrea, Flex, Evelina, Forte, Francesco, Franceschi, Alessandra, Francesconi, Laura, Franza, Barbara, Funaro, Mariella, Fuorlo, Domenico, Fusco, Maurizio, Gabrielli, Eleonora, Gaetani, Claudia, Galletta, Antonella, Gallo, Giovanni, Gambassi, Matteo, Garcovich, Antonio, Gasbarrini, Irene, Gasparrini, Silvia, Gelli, Antonella, Giampietro, Laura, Gigante, Gabriele, Giuliano, Giorgia, Giuliano, Bianca, Giupponi, Elisa, Gremese, Grieco, Domenico Luca, Manuel, Guerrera, Valeria, Guglielmi, Caterina, Guidone, Antonio, Gullì, Amerigo, Iaconelli, Aurora, Iafrati, Ianiro, Gianluca, Angela, Iaquinta, Michele, Impagnatiello, Riccardo, Inchingolo, Enrica, Intini, Raffaele, Iorio, Maria, Izzi Immacolata, Tamara, Jovanovic, Cristina, Kadhim, Rosa, La Macchia, Ignazio, La Milia Daniele, Francesco, Landi, Giovanni, Landi, Rosario, Landi, Raffaele, Landolfi, Massimo, Leo, Maria, Leone Paolo, Laura, Levantesi, Antonio, Liguori, Rosa, Liperoti, Maria, Lizzio Marco, Rita, Lo Monaco Maria, Pietro, Locantore, Francesco, Lombardi, Gianmarco, Lombardi, Loris, Lopetuso, Valentina, Loria, Raffaella, Losito Angela, Patricia, Lucia Mothanje Barbara, Francesco, Macagno, Noemi, Macerola, Giampaolo, Maggi, Giuseppe, Maiuro, Francesco, Mancarella, Francesca, Mangiola, Alberto, Manno, Debora, Marchesini, Marco, Maresca Gian, Giuseppe, Marrone, Ilaria, Marti, Maria, Martone Anna, Marzetti, Emanuele, Chiara, Mattana, Valeria, Matteo Maria, Riccardo, Maviglia, Ada, Mazzarella, Carmen, Memoli, Miele, Luca, Alessio, Migneco, Irene, Mignini, Alessandro, Milani, Domenico, Milardi, Massimo, Montalto, Giuliano, Montemurro, Flavia, Monti, Montini, Luca, Christian, Morena Tony, Vincenzina, Morra, Davide, Moschese, Ambra, Murace Celeste, Martina, Murdolo, Rita, Murri, Marco, Napoli, Elisabetta, Nardella, Gerlando, Natalello, Daniele, Natalini, Maria, Navarra Simone, Antonio, Nesci, Alberto, Nicoletti, Rocco, Nicoletti, Filippo, Nicoletti Tommaso, Rebecca, Nicolò, Nicola, Nicolotti, Celestino, Nista Enrico, Eugenia, Nuzzo, Marco, Oggiano, Veronica, Ojetti, Cosimo, Pagano Francesco, Gianfranco, Paiano, Cristina, Pai, Federico, Paolillo, Federico, Pallavicini, Andrea, Palombo, Alfredo, Papa, Domenico, Papanice, Giovanni, Papparella Luigi, Mattia, Paratore, Giuseppe, Parrinello, Giuliana, Pasciuto, Pierpaolo, Pasculli, Giovanni, Pecorini, Simone, Perniola, Erika, Pero, Luca, Petricca, Martina, Petrucci, Chiara, Picarelli, Andrea, Piccioni, Annalisa, Piccolo, Edoardo, Piervincenzi, Giulia, Pignataro, Raffaele, Pignataro, Gabriele, Pintaudi, Luca, Pisapia, Marco, Pizzoferrato, Fabrizio, Pizzolante, Roberto, Pola, Caterina, Policola, Maurizio, Pompili, Flavia, Pontecorvi, Valerio, Pontecorvi, Francesca, Ponziani, Valentina, Popolla, Enrica, Porceddu, Angelo, Porfidia, Maria, Porro Lucia, Annalisa, Potenza, Francesca, Pozzana, Giuseppe, Privitera, Daniela, Pugliese, Gabriele, Pulcini, Simona, Racco, Francesca, Raffaelli, Vittoria, Ramunno, Ludovico, Rapaccini Gian, Richeldi, Luca, Rinninella, Emanuele, Sara, Rocchi, Bruno, Romanò, Stefano, Romano, Federico, Rosa, Laura, Rossi, Raimondo, Rossi, Enrica, Rossini, Elisabetta, Rota, Fabiana, Rovedi, Carlotta, Rubino, Gabriele, Rumi, Andrea, Russo, Luca, Sabia, Andrea, Salerno, Sara, Salini, Lucia, Salvatore, Dehara, Samori, Sandroni, Claudio, Maurizio, Sanguinetti, Luca, Santarelli, Paolo, Santini, Danilo, Santolamazza, Angelo, Santoliquido, Francesco, Santopaolo, Cosimo, Santoro Michele, Francesco, Sardeo, Caterina, Sarnari, Angela, Saviano, Luisa, Saviano, Scaldaferri, Franco, Roberta, Scarascia, Tommaso, Schepi, Francesca, Schiavello, Giancarlo, Scoppettuolo, Davide, Sedda, Flaminio, Sessa, Luisa, Sestito, Carlo, Settanni, Matteo, Siciliano, Valentina, Siciliano, Rossella, Sicuranza, Benedetta, Simeoni, Jacopo, Simonetti, Andrea, Smargiassi, Maurizio, Soave Paolo, Chiara, Sonnino, Domenico, Staiti, Claudia, Stella, Leonardo, Stella, Eleonora, Stival, Eleonora, Taddei, Rossella, Talerico, Elio, Tamburello, Enrica, Tamburrini, Sofia, Tanzarella Eloisa, Elena, Tarascio, Claudia, Tarli, Alessandra, Tersali, Pietro, Tilli, Jacopo, Timpano, Enrico, Torelli, Flavia, Torrini, Matteo, Tosato, Alberto, Tosoni, Luca, Tricoli, Marcello, Tritto, Mario, Tumbarello, Maria, Tummolo Anita, Sole, Vallecoccia Maria, Federico, Valletta, Francesco, Varone, Francesco, Vassalli, Giulio, Ventura, Lucrezia, Verardi, Lorenzo, Vetrone, Giuseppe, Vetrugno, Elena, Visconti, Felicia, Visconti, Andrea, Viviani, Raffaella, Zaccaria, Carmelina, Zaccone, Lorenzo, Zelano, Lorenzo, Zileri Dal Verme, Giuseppe, Zuccalà, Candelli, Marcello (ORCID:0000-0001-8443-7880), Franceschi, Francesco (ORCID:0000-0001-6266-445X), Valeria, Abbate, Giovanni, Addolorato (ORCID:0000-0002-1522-9946), Fabiana, Agostini, Elena, Ainora Maria, Karim, Akacha, Elena, Amato, Francesca, Andreani, Gloria, Andriollo, Giuseppina, Annetta Maria (ORCID:0000-0001-7574-1311), Eleonora, Annicchiarico Brigida, Gabriele, Antonucci, Alessandro, Armuzzi (ORCID:0000-0003-1572-0118), Fabiana, Baldi, Ilaria, Barattucci, Christian, Barillaro, Alfonso, Bellantone Rocco Domenico (ORCID:0000-0002-0844-3469), Giuseppe, Bello (ORCID:0000-0003-2648-7235), Andrea, Benicchi, Francesca, Benvenuto, Ludovica, Berardini, Filippo, Berloco, Roberto, Bernabei (ORCID:0000-0002-9197-004X), Antonio, Bianchi, Guerino, Biasucci Daniele, Marzio, Biasucci Luigi (ORCID:0000-0002-6921-6497), Alessandra, Bini, Federico, Biscetti (ORCID:0000-0001-7449-657X), Grazia, Bocci Maria, Filippo, Bongiovanni, Alberto, Borghetti, Giulia, Bosco, Silvia, Bosello (ORCID:0000-0002-4837-447X), Vincenzo, Bove, Giulia, Bramato, Vincenzo, Brandi, Carmine, Bruno, Dario, Bruno, Chiara, Bungaro Maria, Alessandro, Buonomo, Chiara, Cambise, Giulia, Cammà, Marcello, Candelli (ORCID:0000-0001-8443-7880), Gennaro, Capalbo, Lorenzo, Capaldi, Emanuele, Capone, Esmeralda, Capristo (ORCID:0000-0002-5753-3495), Luigi, Carbone, Simone, Carelli, Angelo, Carfì, Cristiano, Caruso, Lucio, Catalano, Roberto, Cauda (ORCID:0000-0002-1498-4229), Leonardo, Cecchini Andrea, Lucia, Cerrito, Annalisa, Chiarito, Rossella, Cianci (ORCID:0000-0001-5378-8442), Marta, Cicetti, Sara, Cicchinelli, Francesca, Ciciarello, Antonella, Cingolani (ORCID:0000-0002-3793-2755), Camilla, Cipriani Maria, Ludovica, Consalvo Maria, Gaetano, Coppola, Maria, Corbo Giuseppe (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Andrea, Corsello, Federico, Costante, Marcello, Covino (ORCID:0000-0002-6709-2531), Stefano, D’Addio, Alessia, D’Alessandro, Elena, D’alfonso Maria, Emanuela, D’Angelo, Fernando, Damiano (ORCID:0000-0003-0960-0232), De Tommaso, Cunzo, de Katleen, Gaetano Donati, De Giulio, Luca, De Giuseppe, Matteis, De Gennaro, Pascale (ORCID:0000-0002-8255-0676), Luca, Grieco Domenico (ORCID:0000-0002-4557-6308), Gianluca, Ianiro (ORCID:0000-0002-8318-0515), Emanuele, Marzetti (ORCID:0000-0001-9567-6983), Luca, Miele (ORCID:0000-0003-3464-0068), Luca, Montini (ORCID:0000-0003-4602-5134), Luca, Richeldi (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448), Emanuele, Rinninella (ORCID:0000-0002-9165-2367), Claudio, Sandroni (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Franco, Scaldaferri (ORCID:0000-0001-8334-7541), Gabrielli, Maurizio, Pignataro, Giulia, Candelli, Marcello, Sacco Fernandez, Marta, Bizzarri, Martina, Esperide, Alessandra, Franceschi, Francesco, Abbate, Valeria, Nicola, Acampora, Addolorato, Giovanni, Agostini, Fabiana, Ainora, Maria Elena, Akacha, Karim, Amato, Elena, Andreani, Francesca, Andriollo, Gloria, Annetta, Maria Giuseppina, Annicchiarico, Brigida Eleonora, Mariangela, Antonelli, Antonucci, Gabriele, Marco, Anzellotti Gian, Armuzzi, Alessandro, Baldi, Fabiana, Barattucci, Ilaria, Barillaro, Christian, Fabiana, Barone, Bellantone, Rocco Domenico Alfonso, Andrea, Bellieni, Bello, Giuseppe, Benicchi, Andrea, Benvenuto, Francesca, Berardini, Ludovica, Berloco, Filippo, Bernabei, Roberto, Bianchi, Antonio, Biasucci, Daniele Guerino, Biasucci, Luigi Marzio, Stefano, Bibbò, Bini, Alessandra, Alessandra, Bisanti, Biscetti, Federico, Bocci, Maria Grazia, Nicola, Bonadia, Bongiovanni, Filippo, Borghetti, Alberto, Bosco, Giulia, Bosello, Silvia Laura, Bove, Vincenzo, Bramato, Giulia, Brandi, Vincenzo, Teresa, Bruni, Bruno, Carmine, Bruno, Dario, Bungaro, Maria Chiara, Buonomo, Alessandro, Livia, Burzo, Angelo, Calabrese, Rosaria, Calvello Maria, Andrea, Cambieri, Cambise, Chiara, Camma, Giulia, Gennaro, Canistro, Antonello, Cantanale, Capalbo, Gennaro, Capaldi, Lorenzo, Capone, Emanuele, Capristo, Esmeralda, Carbone, Luigi, Silvia, Cardone, Carelli, Simone, Carfi', Angelo, Annamaria, Carnicelli, Caruso, Cristiano, Antonio, Casciaro Francesco, Catalano, Lucio, Cauda, Roberto, Cecchini, Andrea Leonardo, Cerrito, Lucia, Melania, Cesarano, Chiarito, Annalisa, Cianci, Rossella, Cicetti, Marta, Cicchinelli, Sara, Arturo, Ciccullo, Ciciarello, Francesca, Cingolani, Antonella, Cipriani, Maria Camilla, Consalvo, Ludovica Maria, Coppola, Gaetano, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Corsello, Andrea, Costante, Federico, Matteo, Costanzi, Covino, Marcello, Davide, Crupi, Lucio, Cutuli Salvatore, D'Addio, Stefano, D'Alessandro, Alessia, D'Alfonso, Maria Elena, D'Angelo, Emanuela, Francesca, D’Aversa, Damiano, Fernando, De Maria, Berardinis Gian, De Cunzo, Tommaso, De Gaetano Donati, Katleen, De Luca, Giulio, De Matteis, Giuseppe, De Pascale, Gennaro, De Paolo, Santi, De Martina, Siena, De Francesco, Vito, Del Valeria, Gatto, Del Paola, Giacomo, Del Fabio, Zompo, Maria, Dell’Anna Antonio, Della Davide, Polla, Di Luca, Gialleonardo, Di Simona, Giambenedetto, Di Roberta, Luca, Di Luca, Maurizio, Di Mariangela, Muro, Alex, Dusina, Davide, Eleuteri, Alessandra, Esperide, Daniele, Facheci, Domenico, Faliero, Cinzia, Falsiroli, Massimo, Fantoni, Annalaura, Fedele, Daniela, Feliciani, Cristina, Ferrante, Giuliano, Ferrone, Rossano, Festa, Chiara, Fiore Maria, Andrea, Flex, Evelina, Forte, Francesco, Franceschi, Alessandra, Francesconi, Laura, Franza, Barbara, Funaro, Mariella, Fuorlo, Domenico, Fusco, Maurizio, Gabrielli, Eleonora, Gaetani, Claudia, Galletta, Antonella, Gallo, Giovanni, Gambassi, Matteo, Garcovich, Antonio, Gasbarrini, Irene, Gasparrini, Silvia, Gelli, Antonella, Giampietro, Laura, Gigante, Gabriele, Giuliano, Giorgia, Giuliano, Bianca, Giupponi, Elisa, Gremese, Grieco, Domenico Luca, Manuel, Guerrera, Valeria, Guglielmi, Caterina, Guidone, Antonio, Gullì, Amerigo, Iaconelli, Aurora, Iafrati, Ianiro, Gianluca, Angela, Iaquinta, Michele, Impagnatiello, Riccardo, Inchingolo, Enrica, Intini, Raffaele, Iorio, Maria, Izzi Immacolata, Tamara, Jovanovic, Cristina, Kadhim, Rosa, La Macchia, Ignazio, La Milia Daniele, Francesco, Landi, Giovanni, Landi, Rosario, Landi, Raffaele, Landolfi, Massimo, Leo, Maria, Leone Paolo, Laura, Levantesi, Antonio, Liguori, Rosa, Liperoti, Maria, Lizzio Marco, Rita, Lo Monaco Maria, Pietro, Locantore, Francesco, Lombardi, Gianmarco, Lombardi, Loris, Lopetuso, Valentina, Loria, Raffaella, Losito Angela, Patricia, Lucia Mothanje Barbara, Francesco, Macagno, Noemi, Macerola, Giampaolo, Maggi, Giuseppe, Maiuro, Francesco, Mancarella, Francesca, Mangiola, Alberto, Manno, Debora, Marchesini, Marco, Maresca Gian, Giuseppe, Marrone, Ilaria, Marti, Maria, Martone Anna, Marzetti, Emanuele, Chiara, Mattana, Valeria, Matteo Maria, Riccardo, Maviglia, Ada, Mazzarella, Carmen, Memoli, Miele, Luca, Alessio, Migneco, Irene, Mignini, Alessandro, Milani, Domenico, Milardi, Massimo, Montalto, Giuliano, Montemurro, Flavia, Monti, Montini, Luca, Christian, Morena Tony, Vincenzina, Morra, Davide, Moschese, Ambra, Murace Celeste, Martina, Murdolo, Rita, Murri, Marco, Napoli, Elisabetta, Nardella, Gerlando, Natalello, Daniele, Natalini, Maria, Navarra Simone, Antonio, Nesci, Alberto, Nicoletti, Rocco, Nicoletti, Filippo, Nicoletti Tommaso, Rebecca, Nicolò, Nicola, Nicolotti, Celestino, Nista Enrico, Eugenia, Nuzzo, Marco, Oggiano, Veronica, Ojetti, Cosimo, Pagano Francesco, Gianfranco, Paiano, Cristina, Pai, Federico, Paolillo, Federico, Pallavicini, Andrea, Palombo, Alfredo, Papa, Domenico, Papanice, Giovanni, Papparella Luigi, Mattia, Paratore, Giuseppe, Parrinello, Giuliana, Pasciuto, Pierpaolo, Pasculli, Giovanni, Pecorini, Simone, Perniola, Erika, Pero, Luca, Petricca, Martina, Petrucci, Chiara, Picarelli, Andrea, Piccioni, Annalisa, Piccolo, Edoardo, Piervincenzi, Giulia, Pignataro, Raffaele, Pignataro, Gabriele, Pintaudi, Luca, Pisapia, Marco, Pizzoferrato, Fabrizio, Pizzolante, Roberto, Pola, Caterina, Policola, Maurizio, Pompili, Flavia, Pontecorvi, Valerio, Pontecorvi, Francesca, Ponziani, Valentina, Popolla, Enrica, Porceddu, Angelo, Porfidia, Maria, Porro Lucia, Annalisa, Potenza, Francesca, Pozzana, Giuseppe, Privitera, Daniela, Pugliese, Gabriele, Pulcini, Simona, Racco, Francesca, Raffaelli, Vittoria, Ramunno, Ludovico, Rapaccini Gian, Richeldi, Luca, Rinninella, Emanuele, Sara, Rocchi, Bruno, Romanò, Stefano, Romano, Federico, Rosa, Laura, Rossi, Raimondo, Rossi, Enrica, Rossini, Elisabetta, Rota, Fabiana, Rovedi, Carlotta, Rubino, Gabriele, Rumi, Andrea, Russo, Luca, Sabia, Andrea, Salerno, Sara, Salini, Lucia, Salvatore, Dehara, Samori, Sandroni, Claudio, Maurizio, Sanguinetti, Luca, Santarelli, Paolo, Santini, Danilo, Santolamazza, Angelo, Santoliquido, Francesco, Santopaolo, Cosimo, Santoro Michele, Francesco, Sardeo, Caterina, Sarnari, Angela, Saviano, Luisa, Saviano, Scaldaferri, Franco, Roberta, Scarascia, Tommaso, Schepi, Francesca, Schiavello, Giancarlo, Scoppettuolo, Davide, Sedda, Flaminio, Sessa, Luisa, Sestito, Carlo, Settanni, Matteo, Siciliano, Valentina, Siciliano, Rossella, Sicuranza, Benedetta, Simeoni, Jacopo, Simonetti, Andrea, Smargiassi, Maurizio, Soave Paolo, Chiara, Sonnino, Domenico, Staiti, Claudia, Stella, Leonardo, Stella, Eleonora, Stival, Eleonora, Taddei, Rossella, Talerico, Elio, Tamburello, Enrica, Tamburrini, Sofia, Tanzarella Eloisa, Elena, Tarascio, Claudia, Tarli, Alessandra, Tersali, Pietro, Tilli, Jacopo, Timpano, Enrico, Torelli, Flavia, Torrini, Matteo, Tosato, Alberto, Tosoni, Luca, Tricoli, Marcello, Tritto, Mario, Tumbarello, Maria, Tummolo Anita, Sole, Vallecoccia Maria, Federico, Valletta, Francesco, Varone, Francesco, Vassalli, Giulio, Ventura, Lucrezia, Verardi, Lorenzo, Vetrone, Giuseppe, Vetrugno, Elena, Visconti, Felicia, Visconti, Andrea, Viviani, Raffaella, Zaccaria, Carmelina, Zaccone, Lorenzo, Zelano, Lorenzo, Zileri Dal Verme, Giuseppe, Zuccalà, Candelli, Marcello (ORCID:0000-0001-8443-7880), Franceschi, Francesco (ORCID:0000-0001-6266-445X), Valeria, Abbate, Giovanni, Addolorato (ORCID:0000-0002-1522-9946), Fabiana, Agostini, Elena, Ainora Maria, Karim, Akacha, Elena, Amato, Francesca, Andreani, Gloria, Andriollo, Giuseppina, Annetta Maria (ORCID:0000-0001-7574-1311), Eleonora, Annicchiarico Brigida, Gabriele, Antonucci, Alessandro, Armuzzi (ORCID:0000-0003-1572-0118), Fabiana, Baldi, Ilaria, Barattucci, Christian, Barillaro, Alfonso, Bellantone Rocco Domenico (ORCID:0000-0002-0844-3469), Giuseppe, Bello (ORCID:0000-0003-2648-7235), Andrea, Benicchi, Francesca, Benvenuto, Ludovica, Berardini, Filippo, Berloco, Roberto, Bernabei (ORCID:0000-0002-9197-004X), Antonio, Bianchi, Guerino, Biasucci Daniele, Marzio, Biasucci Luigi (ORCID:0000-0002-6921-6497), Alessandra, Bini, Federico, Biscetti (ORCID:0000-0001-7449-657X), Grazia, Bocci Maria, Filippo, Bongiovanni, Alberto, Borghetti, Giulia, Bosco, Silvia, Bosello (ORCID:0000-0002-4837-447X), Vincenzo, Bove, Giulia, Bramato, Vincenzo, Brandi, Carmine, Bruno, Dario, Bruno, Chiara, Bungaro Maria, Alessandro, Buonomo, Chiara, Cambise, Giulia, Cammà, Marcello, Candelli (ORCID:0000-0001-8443-7880), Gennaro, Capalbo, Lorenzo, Capaldi, Emanuele, Capone, Esmeralda, Capristo (ORCID:0000-0002-5753-3495), Luigi, Carbone, Simone, Carelli, Angelo, Carfì, Cristiano, Caruso, Lucio, Catalano, Roberto, Cauda (ORCID:0000-0002-1498-4229), Leonardo, Cecchini Andrea, Lucia, Cerrito, Annalisa, Chiarito, Rossella, Cianci (ORCID:0000-0001-5378-8442), Marta, Cicetti, Sara, Cicchinelli, Francesca, Ciciarello, Antonella, Cingolani (ORCID:0000-0002-3793-2755), Camilla, Cipriani Maria, Ludovica, Consalvo Maria, Gaetano, Coppola, Maria, Corbo Giuseppe (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Andrea, Corsello, Federico, Costante, Marcello, Covino (ORCID:0000-0002-6709-2531), Stefano, D’Addio, Alessia, D’Alessandro, Elena, D’alfonso Maria, Emanuela, D’Angelo, Fernando, Damiano (ORCID:0000-0003-0960-0232), De Tommaso, Cunzo, de Katleen, Gaetano Donati, De Giulio, Luca, De Giuseppe, Matteis, De Gennaro, Pascale (ORCID:0000-0002-8255-0676), Luca, Grieco Domenico (ORCID:0000-0002-4557-6308), Gianluca, Ianiro (ORCID:0000-0002-8318-0515), Emanuele, Marzetti (ORCID:0000-0001-9567-6983), Luca, Miele (ORCID:0000-0003-3464-0068), Luca, Montini (ORCID:0000-0003-4602-5134), Luca, Richeldi (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448), Emanuele, Rinninella (ORCID:0000-0002-9165-2367), Claudio, Sandroni (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), and Franco, Scaldaferri (ORCID:0000-0001-8334-7541)
Published: 2021

14. Between Decay and Decorum: Photographers' Awareness of the Urban Scene

Author: Smargiassi, Michele and Smargiassi, Michele
Abstract: The development of the metropolis and the birth of photography are contemporary phenomena, but their relationship is not unidirectional; photography has not only represented the city, it has also suggested its best form and conditioned its ideology. In the dialectical opposition between decay and decorum, a powerful instrument of urban-social despotism, the photographers of the city have sometimes sided with the powers in place disciplining spaces and at other times with the critics of urbanism and its failures: but is a clear opposition between the two attitudes really possible? To what extent can showing the decay can incite the restoration of decorum, and how? Has the visual denouncement of urban social marginalization contributed to urge interventions of repression rather than rebalancing this situation? By quickly retracing the history of urban photography from the 19th century to the present day, this text tries to identify its ambiguities and highlight some attempts at apprehending an image of the urban environment that includes a redemption in terms of inclusion, justice, and citizenship.
Published: 2020

15. Point of Care Image Analysis for COVID-19

Author: Yaron, Daniel, Keidar, Daphna, Goldstein, Elisha, Shachar, Yair, Blass, Ayelet, Frank, Oz, Schipper, Nir, Shabshin, Nogah, Grubstein, Ahuva, Suhami, Dror, Bogot, Naama R., Sela, Eyal, Dror, Amiel A., Vaturi, Mordehay, Mento, Federico, Torri, Elena, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Soldati, Gino, Perrone, Tiziano, Demi, Libertario, Galun, Meirav, Bagon, Shai, Elyada, Yishai M., Eldar, Yonina C., Yaron, Daniel, Keidar, Daphna, Goldstein, Elisha, Shachar, Yair, Blass, Ayelet, Frank, Oz, Schipper, Nir, Shabshin, Nogah, Grubstein, Ahuva, Suhami, Dror, Bogot, Naama R., Sela, Eyal, Dror, Amiel A., Vaturi, Mordehay, Mento, Federico, Torri, Elena, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Soldati, Gino, Perrone, Tiziano, Demi, Libertario, Galun, Meirav, Bagon, Shai, Elyada, Yishai M., and Eldar, Yonina C.
Abstract: Early detection of COVID-19 is key in containing the pandemic. Disease detection and evaluation based on imaging is fast and cheap and therefore plays an important role in COVID-19 handling. COVID-19 is easier to detect in chest CT, however, it is expensive, non-portable, and difficult to disinfect, making it unfit as a point-of-care (POC) modality. On the other hand, chest X-ray (CXR) and lung ultrasound (LUS) are widely used, yet, COVID-19 findings in these modalities are not always very clear. Here we train deep neural networks to significantly enhance the capability to detect, grade and monitor COVID-19 patients using CXRs and LUS. Collaborating with several hospitals in Israel we collect a large dataset of CXRs and use this dataset to train a neural network obtaining above 90% detection rate for COVID-19. In addition, in collaboration with ULTRa (Ultrasound Laboratory Trento, Italy) and hospitals in Italy we obtained POC ultrasound data with annotations of the severity of disease and trained a deep network for automatic severity grading., Comment: Not approved for arXiv
Published: 2020

16. A Prospective International Lung Ultrasound Analysis Study in Tertiary Maternity Wards During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pandemic

Author: Moro, Francesca, Buonsenso, Danilo, van der Merwe, Johanne, Bourne, Tom, Deprest, Jan, Froyman, Wouter, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Mascilini, Floriana, Moruzzi, Maria Cristina, Ciccarone, Francesca, Landolfo, Chiara, Lanzone, Antonio, Scambia, Giovanni, Timmerman, Dirk, Testa, Antonia Carla, Lanzone, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Scambia, Giovanni (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), Testa, Antonia Carla (ORCID:0000-0003-2217-8726), Moro, Francesca, Buonsenso, Danilo, van der Merwe, Johanne, Bourne, Tom, Deprest, Jan, Froyman, Wouter, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Mascilini, Floriana, Moruzzi, Maria Cristina, Ciccarone, Francesca, Landolfo, Chiara, Lanzone, Antonio, Scambia, Giovanni, Timmerman, Dirk, Testa, Antonia Carla, Lanzone, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Scambia, Giovanni (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), and Testa, Antonia Carla (ORCID:0000-0003-2217-8726)
Abstract: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) outbreak, all patient categories have been affected, including one of the most fragile groups: pregnant women. Although experts provided general suggestions on the best treatment of pregnant women with suspicion of or confirmed COVID‐19, these considerations were mainly based on retrospective studies or case series.1-8 No prospective study is currently available about the treatment of patients with suspicion of or confirmed COVID‐19 during pregnancy. Moreover, no data are reported on the treatment of asymptomatic pregnant patients testing positive for COVID‐19 or pregnant patients admitted to delivery rooms.
Published: 2020

17. Assessment of neurological manifestations in hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Author: Luigetti, Marco, Iorio, Raffaele, Bentivoglio, Anna Rita, Tricoli, Luca, Riso, Vittorio, Marotta, Jessica, Piano, Carla, Primiano, Guido Alessandro, Zileri Del Verme, L., Lo Monaco, Maria Rita, Calabresi, Paolo, Abbate, V., Acampora, N., Addolorato, G., Agostini, F., Ainora, M. E., Akacha, K., Amato, E., Andreani, F., Andriollo, G., Annetta, Maria Giuseppina, Annicchiarico, B. E., Antonelli, Massimo, Antonucci, G., Anzellotti, G. M., Armuzzi, A., Baldi, F., Barattucci, I., Barillaro, C., Barone, F., Bellantone, R. D. A., Bellieni, A., Bello, G., Benicchi, A., Benvenuto, F., Berardini, L., Berloco, F., Bernabei, R., Bianchi, A., Biasucci, D. G., Biasucci, L. M., Bibbo, S., Bini, A., Bisanti, A., Biscetti, F., Bocci, M. G., Bonadia, N., Bongiovanni, F., Borghetti, A., Bosco, G., Bosello, Silvia Laura, Bove, V., Bramato, G., Brandi, V., Bruni, T., Bruno, C., Bruno, D., Bungaro, M. C., Buonomo, A., Burzo, L., Calabrese, A., Calvello, M. R., Cambieri, A., Cambise, C., Camma, G., Candelli, M., Canistro, G., Cantanale, A., Capalbo, G., Capaldi, L., Capone, E., Capristo, E., Carbone, L., Cardone, S., Carelli, S., Carfi, A., Carnicelli, A., Caruso, C., Casciaro, F. A., Catalano, L., Cauda, R., Cecchini, A. L., Cerrito, L., Cesarano, M., Chiarito, A., Cianci, Rossella, Cicchinelli, S., Ciccullo, A., Cicetti, M., Ciciarello, F., Cingolani, A., Cipriani, M. C., Consalvo, M. L., Coppola, G., Corbo, G. M., Corsello, A., Costante, F., Costanzi, M., Covino, M., Crupi, D., Cutuli, S. L., D'Addio, S., D'Alessandro, A., D'Alfonso, M. E., D'Angelo, E., D'Aversa, F., Damiano, F., De Berardinis, G. M., De Cunzo, T., De Gaetano, D. K., De Luca, G., De Matteis, G., De Pascale, G., De Santis, P., De Siena, M., De Vito, F., Del Gatto, V., Del Giacomo, P., Del Zompo, F., Dell'Anna, A. M., Della, P. D., Di Gialleonardo, L., Di Giambenedetto, S., Di Luca, R., Di Maurizio, L., Di Muro, M., Dusina, A., Eleuteri, D., Esperide, A., Fachechi, D., Faliero, D., Falsiroli, C., Fantoni, M., Fedele, A., Feliciani, D., Ferrante, C., Ferrone, G., Festa, R., Fiore, M. C., Flex, A., Forte, E., Franceschi, Francesco, Francesconi, A., Franza, L., Funaro, B., Fuorlo, M., Fusco, D., Gabrielli, M., Gaetani, E., Galletta, C., Gallo, A., Gambassi, G., Garcovich, M., Gasbarrini, A., Gasparrini, I., Gelli, S., Giampietro, A., Gigante, L., Giuliano, G., Giupponi, B., Gremese, E., Grieco, Domenico Luca, Guerrera, M., Guglielmi, V., Guidone, C., Gulli, A., Iaconelli, A., Iafrati, A., Ianiro, Gianluca, Iaquinta, A., Impagnatiello, M., Inchingolo, R., Intini, E., Iorio, R., Izzi, I. M., Jovanovic, T., Kadhim, C., La Macchia, R., La Milia, D. I., Landi, F., Landi, G., Landi, R., Landolfi, R., Leo, M., Leone, P. M., Levantesi, L., Liguori, A., Liperoti, R., Lizzio, M. M., Lo Monaco Maria, R., Locantore, P., Lombardi, F., Lombardi, G., Lopetuso, L., Loria, V., Losito, A. R., Lucia, M. B. P., Macagno, F., Macerola, N., Maggi, G., Maiuro, G., Mancarella, F., Mangiola, F., Manno, A., Marchesini, D., Maresca, G. M., Marrone, G., Martis, I., Martone, A. M., Marzetti, Emanuele, Mattana, C., Matteo, M. V., Maviglia, R., Mazzarella, A., Memoli, C., Miele, Luca, Migneco, A., Mignini, I., Milani, A., Milardi, D., Montalto, M., Montemurro, G., Monti, F., Montini, Luca, Morena, T. C., Morra, V., Morretta, C., Moschese, D., Murace, C. A., Murdolo, M., Murri, Rita, Napoli, M., Nardella, E., Natalello, G., Natalini, D., Navarra, S. M., Nesci, A., Nicoletti, A., Nicoletti, R., Nicoletti, T. F., Nicolo, R., Nicolotti, N., Nista, E. C., Nuzzo, E., Oggiano, M., Ojetti, V., Pagano, F. C., Paiano, G., Pais, C., Pallavicini, F., Palombo, A., Paolillo, F., Papa, Alfredo, Papanice, D., Papparella, L. G., Paratore, M., Parrinello, G., Pasciuto, G., Pasculli, P., Pecorini, G., Perniola, S., Pero, E., Petricca, L., Petrucci, M., Picarelli, C., Piccioni, A., Piccolo, A., Piervincenzi, E., Pignataro, G., Pignataro, R., Pintaudi, G., Pisapia, L., Pizzoferrato, M., Pizzolante, F., Pola, R., Policola, C., Pompili, M., Pontecorvi, F., Pontecorvi, V., Ponziani, F., Popolla, V., Porceddu, E., Porfidia, A., Porro, L. M., Potenza, A., Pozzana, F., Privitera, G., Pugliese, D., Pulcini, G., Racco, S., Raffaelli, F., Ramunno, V., Rapaccini, G. L., Richeldi, Luca, Rinninella, Emanuele, Rocchi, S., Romano, B., Romano, S., Rosa, F., Rossi, L., Rossi, R., Rossini, E., Rota, E., Rovedi, F., Rubino, C., Rumi, G., Russo, A., Sabia, L., Salerno, A., Salini, S., Salvatore, L., Samori, D., Sandroni, Claudio, Sanguinetti, M., Santarelli, L., Santini, P., Santolamazza, D., Santoliquido, A., Santopaolo, F., Santoro, M. C., Sardeo, F., Sarnari, C., Saviano, A., Saviano, L., Scaldaferri, Franco, Scarascia, R., Schepis, T., Schiavello, F., Scoppettuolo, G., Sedda, D., Sessa, F., Sestito, L., Settanni, C., Siciliano, M., Siciliano, V., Sicuranza, R., Simeoni, B., Simonetti, J., Smargiassi, A., Soave, P. M., Sonnino, C., Staiti, D., Stella, C., Stella, L., Stival, E., Taddei, E., Talerico, R., Tamburello, E., Tamburrini, E., Tanzarella, E. S., Tarascio, E., Tarli, C., Tersali, A., Tilli, P., Timpano, J., Torelli, E., Torrini, F., Tosato, M., Tosoni, A., Tricoli, L., Tritto, M., Tumbarello, M., Tummolo, A. M., Vallecoccia, M. S., Valletta, F., Varone, F., Vassalli, F., Ventura, G., Verardi, L., Vetrone, L., Vetrugno, G., Visconti, E., Visconti, F., Viviani, A., Zaccaria, R., Zaccone, C., Zelano, L., Zileri Dal Verme, L., Zuccala, G., Luigetti M. (ORCID:0000-0001-7539-505X), Iorio R. (ORCID:0000-0002-6270-0956), Bentivoglio A. R. (ORCID:0000-0002-9663-095X), Tricoli L., Riso V., Marotta J., Piano C., Primiano G., Lo Monaco M. R. (ORCID:0000-0002-1457-7981), Calabresi P. (ORCID:0000-0003-0326-5509), Annetta M. G. (ORCID:0000-0001-7574-1311), Antonelli M. (ORCID:0000-0003-3007-1670), Bosello S. (ORCID:0000-0002-4837-447X), Cianci R. (ORCID:0000-0001-5378-8442), Franceschi F. (ORCID:0000-0001-6266-445X), Grieco D. L. (ORCID:0000-0002-4557-6308), Ianiro G. (ORCID:0000-0002-8318-0515), Marzetti E. (ORCID:0000-0001-9567-6983), Miele L. (ORCID:0000-0003-3464-0068), Montini L. (ORCID:0000-0003-4602-5134), Murri R. (ORCID:0000-0003-4263-7854), Papa A. (ORCID:0000-0002-4186-7298), Richeldi L. (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448), Rinninella E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9165-2367), Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Scaldaferri F. (ORCID:0000-0001-8334-7541), Luigetti, Marco, Iorio, Raffaele, Bentivoglio, Anna Rita, Tricoli, Luca, Riso, Vittorio, Marotta, Jessica, Piano, Carla, Primiano, Guido Alessandro, Zileri Del Verme, L., Lo Monaco, Maria Rita, Calabresi, Paolo, Abbate, V., Acampora, N., Addolorato, G., Agostini, F., Ainora, M. E., Akacha, K., Amato, E., Andreani, F., Andriollo, G., Annetta, Maria Giuseppina, Annicchiarico, B. E., Antonelli, Massimo, Antonucci, G., Anzellotti, G. M., Armuzzi, A., Baldi, F., Barattucci, I., Barillaro, C., Barone, F., Bellantone, R. D. A., Bellieni, A., Bello, G., Benicchi, A., Benvenuto, F., Berardini, L., Berloco, F., Bernabei, R., Bianchi, A., Biasucci, D. G., Biasucci, L. M., Bibbo, S., Bini, A., Bisanti, A., Biscetti, F., Bocci, M. G., Bonadia, N., Bongiovanni, F., Borghetti, A., Bosco, G., Bosello, Silvia Laura, Bove, V., Bramato, G., Brandi, V., Bruni, T., Bruno, C., Bruno, D., Bungaro, M. C., Buonomo, A., Burzo, L., Calabrese, A., Calvello, M. R., Cambieri, A., Cambise, C., Camma, G., Candelli, M., Canistro, G., Cantanale, A., Capalbo, G., Capaldi, L., Capone, E., Capristo, E., Carbone, L., Cardone, S., Carelli, S., Carfi, A., Carnicelli, A., Caruso, C., Casciaro, F. A., Catalano, L., Cauda, R., Cecchini, A. L., Cerrito, L., Cesarano, M., Chiarito, A., Cianci, Rossella, Cicchinelli, S., Ciccullo, A., Cicetti, M., Ciciarello, F., Cingolani, A., Cipriani, M. C., Consalvo, M. L., Coppola, G., Corbo, G. M., Corsello, A., Costante, F., Costanzi, M., Covino, M., Crupi, D., Cutuli, S. L., D'Addio, S., D'Alessandro, A., D'Alfonso, M. E., D'Angelo, E., D'Aversa, F., Damiano, F., De Berardinis, G. M., De Cunzo, T., De Gaetano, D. K., De Luca, G., De Matteis, G., De Pascale, G., De Santis, P., De Siena, M., De Vito, F., Del Gatto, V., Del Giacomo, P., Del Zompo, F., Dell'Anna, A. M., Della, P. D., Di Gialleonardo, L., Di Giambenedetto, S., Di Luca, R., Di Maurizio, L., Di Muro, M., Dusina, A., Eleuteri, D., Esperide, A., Fachechi, D., Faliero, D., Falsiroli, C., Fantoni, M., Fedele, A., Feliciani, D., Ferrante, C., Ferrone, G., Festa, R., Fiore, M. C., Flex, A., Forte, E., Franceschi, Francesco, Francesconi, A., Franza, L., Funaro, B., Fuorlo, M., Fusco, D., Gabrielli, M., Gaetani, E., Galletta, C., Gallo, A., Gambassi, G., Garcovich, M., Gasbarrini, A., Gasparrini, I., Gelli, S., Giampietro, A., Gigante, L., Giuliano, G., Giupponi, B., Gremese, E., Grieco, Domenico Luca, Guerrera, M., Guglielmi, V., Guidone, C., Gulli, A., Iaconelli, A., Iafrati, A., Ianiro, Gianluca, Iaquinta, A., Impagnatiello, M., Inchingolo, R., Intini, E., Iorio, R., Izzi, I. M., Jovanovic, T., Kadhim, C., La Macchia, R., La Milia, D. I., Landi, F., Landi, G., Landi, R., Landolfi, R., Leo, M., Leone, P. M., Levantesi, L., Liguori, A., Liperoti, R., Lizzio, M. M., Lo Monaco Maria, R., Locantore, P., Lombardi, F., Lombardi, G., Lopetuso, L., Loria, V., Losito, A. R., Lucia, M. B. P., Macagno, F., Macerola, N., Maggi, G., Maiuro, G., Mancarella, F., Mangiola, F., Manno, A., Marchesini, D., Maresca, G. M., Marrone, G., Martis, I., Martone, A. M., Marzetti, Emanuele, Mattana, C., Matteo, M. V., Maviglia, R., Mazzarella, A., Memoli, C., Miele, Luca, Migneco, A., Mignini, I., Milani, A., Milardi, D., Montalto, M., Montemurro, G., Monti, F., Montini, Luca, Morena, T. C., Morra, V., Morretta, C., Moschese, D., Murace, C. A., Murdolo, M., Murri, Rita, Napoli, M., Nardella, E., Natalello, G., Natalini, D., Navarra, S. M., Nesci, A., Nicoletti, A., Nicoletti, R., Nicoletti, T. F., Nicolo, R., Nicolotti, N., Nista, E. C., Nuzzo, E., Oggiano, M., Ojetti, V., Pagano, F. C., Paiano, G., Pais, C., Pallavicini, F., Palombo, A., Paolillo, F., Papa, Alfredo, Papanice, D., Papparella, L. G., Paratore, M., Parrinello, G., Pasciuto, G., Pasculli, P., Pecorini, G., Perniola, S., Pero, E., Petricca, L., Petrucci, M., Picarelli, C., Piccioni, A., Piccolo, A., Piervincenzi, E., Pignataro, G., Pignataro, R., Pintaudi, G., Pisapia, L., Pizzoferrato, M., Pizzolante, F., Pola, R., Policola, C., Pompili, M., Pontecorvi, F., Pontecorvi, V., Ponziani, F., Popolla, V., Porceddu, E., Porfidia, A., Porro, L. M., Potenza, A., Pozzana, F., Privitera, G., Pugliese, D., Pulcini, G., Racco, S., Raffaelli, F., Ramunno, V., Rapaccini, G. L., Richeldi, Luca, Rinninella, Emanuele, Rocchi, S., Romano, B., Romano, S., Rosa, F., Rossi, L., Rossi, R., Rossini, E., Rota, E., Rovedi, F., Rubino, C., Rumi, G., Russo, A., Sabia, L., Salerno, A., Salini, S., Salvatore, L., Samori, D., Sandroni, Claudio, Sanguinetti, M., Santarelli, L., Santini, P., Santolamazza, D., Santoliquido, A., Santopaolo, F., Santoro, M. C., Sardeo, F., Sarnari, C., Saviano, A., Saviano, L., Scaldaferri, Franco, Scarascia, R., Schepis, T., Schiavello, F., Scoppettuolo, G., Sedda, D., Sessa, F., Sestito, L., Settanni, C., Siciliano, M., Siciliano, V., Sicuranza, R., Simeoni, B., Simonetti, J., Smargiassi, A., Soave, P. M., Sonnino, C., Staiti, D., Stella, C., Stella, L., Stival, E., Taddei, E., Talerico, R., Tamburello, E., Tamburrini, E., Tanzarella, E. S., Tarascio, E., Tarli, C., Tersali, A., Tilli, P., Timpano, J., Torelli, E., Torrini, F., Tosato, M., Tosoni, A., Tricoli, L., Tritto, M., Tumbarello, M., Tummolo, A. M., Vallecoccia, M. S., Valletta, F., Varone, F., Vassalli, F., Ventura, G., Verardi, L., Vetrone, L., Vetrugno, G., Visconti, E., Visconti, F., Viviani, A., Zaccaria, R., Zaccone, C., Zelano, L., Zileri Dal Verme, L., Zuccala, G., Luigetti M. (ORCID:0000-0001-7539-505X), Iorio R. (ORCID:0000-0002-6270-0956), Bentivoglio A. R. (ORCID:0000-0002-9663-095X), Tricoli L., Riso V., Marotta J., Piano C., Primiano G., Lo Monaco M. R. (ORCID:0000-0002-1457-7981), Calabresi P. (ORCID:0000-0003-0326-5509), Annetta M. G. (ORCID:0000-0001-7574-1311), Antonelli M. (ORCID:0000-0003-3007-1670), Bosello S. (ORCID:0000-0002-4837-447X), Cianci R. (ORCID:0000-0001-5378-8442), Franceschi F. (ORCID:0000-0001-6266-445X), Grieco D. L. (ORCID:0000-0002-4557-6308), Ianiro G. (ORCID:0000-0002-8318-0515), Marzetti E. (ORCID:0000-0001-9567-6983), Miele L. (ORCID:0000-0003-3464-0068), Montini L. (ORCID:0000-0003-4602-5134), Murri R. (ORCID:0000-0003-4263-7854), Papa A. (ORCID:0000-0002-4186-7298), Richeldi L. (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448), Rinninella E. (ORCID:0000-0002-9165-2367), Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), and Scaldaferri F. (ORCID:0000-0001-8334-7541)
Abstract: Background and purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the neurological manifestations in a series of consecutive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-positive patients, comparing their frequency with a population hospitalized in the same period for flu/respiratory symptoms, finally not related to SARS-CoV-2. Methods: Patients with flu/respiratory symptoms admitted to Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli hospital from 14 March 2020 to 20 April 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. The frequency of neurological manifestations of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection was compared with a control group. Results: In all, 213 patients were found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2, after reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction on nasal or throat swabs, whilst 218 patients were found to be negative and were used as a control group. Regarding central nervous system manifestations, in SARS-CoV-2-positive patients a higher frequency of headache, hyposmia and encephalopathy always related to systemic conditions (fever or hypoxia) was observed. Furthermore, muscular involvement was more frequent in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusions: Patients with COVID-19 commonly have neurological manifestations but only hyposmia and muscle involvement seem more frequent compared with other flu diseases.
Published: 2020

18. Lung ultrasonography for early management of patients with respiratory symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic

Author: Smargiassi, Andrea, Soldati, Gino, Borghetti, Alberto, Scoppettuolo, Giancarlo, Tamburrini, Enrica, Testa, Antonia Carla, Moro, Francesca, Natale, Luigi, Larici, Anna Rita, Buonsenso, Danilo, Valentini, Piero, Draisci, Gaetano, Zanfini, Bruno Antonio, Pompili, Maurizio, Scambia, Giovanni, Lanzone, Antonio, Franceschi, Francesco, Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Giorgini, Paolo, Richeldi, Luca, Demi, Libertario, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Tamburrini, Enrica (ORCID:0000-0003-4930-426X), Testa, Antonia Carla (ORCID:0000-0003-2217-8726), Natale, Luigi (ORCID:0000-0002-7949-5119), Larici, Anna Rita (ORCID:0000-0002-1882-6244), Valentini, Piero (ORCID:0000-0001-6095-9510), Draisci, Gaetano (ORCID:0000-0003-0148-5073), Pompili, Maurizio (ORCID:0000-0001-6699-7980), Scambia, Giovanni (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), Lanzone, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Franceschi, Francesco (ORCID:0000-0001-6266-445X), Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico (ORCID:0000-0002-6467-857X), Gasbarrini, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), Richeldi, Luca (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448), Smargiassi, Andrea, Soldati, Gino, Borghetti, Alberto, Scoppettuolo, Giancarlo, Tamburrini, Enrica, Testa, Antonia Carla, Moro, Francesca, Natale, Luigi, Larici, Anna Rita, Buonsenso, Danilo, Valentini, Piero, Draisci, Gaetano, Zanfini, Bruno Antonio, Pompili, Maurizio, Scambia, Giovanni, Lanzone, Antonio, Franceschi, Francesco, Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Giorgini, Paolo, Richeldi, Luca, Demi, Libertario, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Tamburrini, Enrica (ORCID:0000-0003-4930-426X), Testa, Antonia Carla (ORCID:0000-0003-2217-8726), Natale, Luigi (ORCID:0000-0002-7949-5119), Larici, Anna Rita (ORCID:0000-0002-1882-6244), Valentini, Piero (ORCID:0000-0001-6095-9510), Draisci, Gaetano (ORCID:0000-0003-0148-5073), Pompili, Maurizio (ORCID:0000-0001-6699-7980), Scambia, Giovanni (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), Lanzone, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Franceschi, Francesco (ORCID:0000-0001-6266-445X), Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico (ORCID:0000-0002-6467-857X), Gasbarrini, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), and Richeldi, Luca (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448)
Abstract: COVID-19 pandemic is representing a serious challenge to worldwide public health. Lung Ultrasonography (LUS) has been signaled as a potential useful tool in this pandemic contest either to intercept viral pneumonia or to foster alternative paths. LUS could be useful in determining early lung involvement suggestive or not of COVID-19 pneumonia and potentially plays a role in managing decisions for hospitalization in isolation or admission in general ward. In order to face pandemic, in a period in which a large number of emergency room accesses with suspicious symptoms are expected, physicians need a standardized ultrasonographic approach, fast educational processes in order to be able to recognize both suggestive and not suggestive echographic signs and shared algorithms for LUS role in early management of patients.
Published: 2020

19. Chest ultrasonography in health surveillance of asbestos-related lung diseases

Author: Smargiassi, A., Pasciuto, G., Pedicelli, I., Lo Greco, E., Calvello, M., Inchingolo, R., Schifino, G., Capoluongo, P., Patriciello, P., Manno, M., Cirillo, A., Corbo, G. M., Soldati, G., Iavicoli, I., Smargiassi A., Pasciuto G., Inchingolo R. (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Corbo G. M. (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Smargiassi, A., Pasciuto, G., Pedicelli, I., Lo Greco, E., Calvello, M., Inchingolo, R., Schifino, G., Capoluongo, P., Patriciello, P., Manno, M., Cirillo, A., Corbo, G. M., Soldati, G., Iavicoli, I., Smargiassi A., Pasciuto G., Inchingolo R. (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), and Corbo G. M. (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659)
Abstract: Objectives: Exposure to asbestos fibers can lead to different lung diseases, such as pleural thickening and effusion, asbestosis, mesothelioma, and lung cancer. These diseases are expected to peak in the next few years. The aim of the study was to validate ultrasonography (US) as a diagnostic tool in the management of lung diseases in subjects with a history of occupational exposure to asbestos. Methods: Fifty-nine retired male workers previously exposed to asbestos were enrolled in the study. Chest US was performed in all the subjects. The US operator was blinded to earlier performed computed tomography (CT) scan reports and images. The sonographic pathological findings were pleural thickening (with or without calcifications), peripheral lung consolidation, and focal sonographic interstitial syndrome and diffuse pneumogenic sonographic interstitial syndrome (pulmonary asbestosis). Significant US findings were recorded, stored, and subsequently compared with CT scans. Results: With some patients falling into more than one category, on CT scan, pleural thickening was reported in 33 cases (56%, 26 with calcifications), focal interstitial peripheral alterations in 23 (39%), asbestosis in 6 (10%), and peripheral lung consolidation in 13 cases (22%). Comparing each pathological condition to CT scan reports, US findings had high levels of sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values. US did not prove effective for the detection of central lung nodules or diaphragmatic pleural thickenings. Chest US was considered to be the best technique to detect minimal pleural effusions (six subjects, 10%). Conclusions: Chest US might be considered an additional tool to follow up subjects occupationally exposed to asbestos who have already undergone CT scan examination and whose pathology is detectable by US as well.
Published: 2017

20. Agreement between chest ultrasonography and chest X-ray in patients who have undergone thoracic surgery: Preliminary results

Author: Smargiassi, Andrea, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Chiappetta, Marco, Petracca Ciavarella, Leonardo, Lopatriello, Stefania, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Margaritora, Stefano, Richeldi, Luca, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Margaritora, Stefano (ORCID:0000-0002-9796-760X), Richeldi, Luca (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448), Smargiassi, Andrea, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Chiappetta, Marco, Petracca Ciavarella, Leonardo, Lopatriello, Stefania, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Margaritora, Stefano, Richeldi, Luca, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Margaritora, Stefano (ORCID:0000-0002-9796-760X), and Richeldi, Luca (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448)
Abstract: Background: Chest Ultrasonography (chest US) has shown good sensibility in detecting pneumothorax, pleural effusions and peripheral consolidations and it can be performed bedside. Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze agreement between chest US and chest X-ray in patients who have undergone thoracic surgery and discuss cases of discordance. Methods: Patients undergoing thoracic surgery were retrospectively selected. Patients underwent routinely Chest X-ray (CXR) during the first 48 h after surgery. Chest US have been routinely performed in all selected patients in the same date of CXR. Chest US operators were blind to both reports and images of CXR. Ultrasonographic findings regarding pneumothorax (PNX), subcutaneous emphysema (SCE), lung consolidations (LC), pleural effusions (PE) and hemi-diaphragm position were collected and compared to corresponding CXR findings. Inter-rater agreement between two techniques was determined by Cohen's kappa-coefficient. Results: Twenty-four patients were selected. Inter-rater agreement showed a moderate magnitude for PNX (Cohen's Kappa 0.5), a slight/fair magnitude for SCE (Cohen's Kappa 0.21), a fair magnitude for PE (Cohen's Kappa 0.39), no agreement for LCs (Cohen's Kappa 0.06), high levels of agreement for position of hemi-diaphragm (Cohen's Kappa 0.7). Conclusion: Analysis of agreement between chest X-ray and chest US showed that ultrasonography is able to detect important findings for surgeons. Limitations and advantages have been found for both chest X-ray and chest US. Knowing the limits of each one is important to really justify and optimize the use of ionizing radiations.
Published: 2019

21. Educational interventions alone and combined with port protector reduce the rate of central venous catheter infection and colonization in respiratory semi-intensive care unit.

Author: Inchingolo, Riccardo, Pasciuto, Giuliana, Magnini, Daniele, Cavalletti, Manuela, Scoppettuolo, Giancarlo, Montemurro, Giuliano, Smargiassi, Andrea, Torelli, Riccardo, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Spanu, Teresa, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Richeldi, Luca, Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Sanguinetti, Maurizio (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Spanu, Teresa (ORCID:0000-0003-1864-5184), Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Richeldi, Luca (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448), Inchingolo, Riccardo, Pasciuto, Giuliana, Magnini, Daniele, Cavalletti, Manuela, Scoppettuolo, Giancarlo, Montemurro, Giuliano, Smargiassi, Andrea, Torelli, Riccardo, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Spanu, Teresa, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Richeldi, Luca, Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Sanguinetti, Maurizio (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Spanu, Teresa (ORCID:0000-0003-1864-5184), Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), and Richeldi, Luca (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448)
Abstract: Background: Central Line-Associated BloodStream Infections (CLABSIs) are emerging challenge in Respiratory semi-Intensive Care Units (RICUs). We evaluated efficacy of educational interventions on rate of CLABSIs and effects of port protector as adjuvant tool. Methods: Study lasted 18 months (9 months of observation and 9 of intervention). We enrolled patients with central venous catheter (CVC): 1) placed during hospitalization in RICU; 2) already placed without signs of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) within 48 h after the admission; 3) already placed without evidence of microbiologic contamination of blood cultures. During interventional period we randomized patients into two groups: 1) educational intervention (Group 1) and 2) educational intervention plus port protector (Group 2). We focused on CVC-related sepsis as primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were the rate of CVC colonization and CVC contamination. Results: Eighty seven CVCs were included during observational period. CLABSIs rate was 8.4/1000 [10 sepsis (9 CLABSIs)]. We observed 17 CVC colonizations and 6 contaminations. Forty six CVCs were included during interventional period. CLABSIs rate was 1.4/1000. 21/46 CVCs were included into Group 2, in which no CLABSIs or contaminations were reported, while 2 CVC colonizations were found. Conclusions: Our study clearly shows that both kinds of interventions significantly reduce the rate of CLABSIs. In particular, the use of port protector combined to educational interventions gave zero CLABSIs rate. Trial registration: NCT03486093 [ ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier], retrospectively registered.
Published: 2019

22. The Canadian Urban Environmental Health Research Consortium - A protocol for building a national environmental exposure data platform for integrated analyses of urban form and health

Author: Brook, J.R. (Jeffrey R.), Setton, E.M. (Eleanor M.), Seed, E. (Evan), Shooshtari, M. (Mahdi), Doiron, D. (Dany), Awadalla, P. (Philip), Brauer, M. (Michael), Hu, H. (Howard), McGrail, K. (Kim), Stieb, D. (Dave), Subarrao, P. (Padmaja), Demers, P. (Paul), Manuel, D. (Doug), McLaughlin, J. (John), Carlsten, C. (Chris), Azad, M. (Meghan), Atkinson, S. (Stephanie), Burnett, R. (Rick), Lou, W. (Wendy), Rainham, D. (Daniel), Evans, G. (Greg), Copes, R. (Ray), Pantelimon, O. (Olimpia), Smargiassi, A. (Audrey), Davies, H. (Hugh), Villeneuve, P. (Paul), Van Den Bosch, M. (Matilda), Chaumont, D. (Diane), Feddema, J. (Johannes), Takaro, T. (Tim), Hakami, A. (Amir), Johnson, M. (Markey), Hatzopoulou, M. (Marianne), Habib, A. (Ahsan), Fuller, D. (Daniel), Widener, M. (Michael), Brook, J.R. (Jeffrey R.), Setton, E.M. (Eleanor M.), Seed, E. (Evan), Shooshtari, M. (Mahdi), Doiron, D. (Dany), Awadalla, P. (Philip), Brauer, M. (Michael), Hu, H. (Howard), McGrail, K. (Kim), Stieb, D. (Dave), Subarrao, P. (Padmaja), Demers, P. (Paul), Manuel, D. (Doug), McLaughlin, J. (John), Carlsten, C. (Chris), Azad, M. (Meghan), Atkinson, S. (Stephanie), Burnett, R. (Rick), Lou, W. (Wendy), Rainham, D. (Daniel), Evans, G. (Greg), Copes, R. (Ray), Pantelimon, O. (Olimpia), Smargiassi, A. (Audrey), Davies, H. (Hugh), Villeneuve, P. (Paul), Van Den Bosch, M. (Matilda), Chaumont, D. (Diane), Feddema, J. (Johannes), Takaro, T. (Tim), Hakami, A. (Amir), Johnson, M. (Markey), Hatzopoulou, M. (Marianne), Habib, A. (Ahsan), Fuller, D. (Daniel), and Widener, M. (Michael)
Abstract: Background: Multiple external environmental exposures related to residential location and urban form including, air pollutants, noise, greenness, and walkability have been linked to health impacts or benefits. The Canadian Urban Environmental Health Research Consortium (CANUE) was established to facilitate the linkage of extensive geospatial exposure data to existing Canadian cohorts and administrative health data holdings. We hypothesize that this linkage will enable investigators to test a variety of their own hypotheses related to the interdependent associations of built environment features with diverse health outcomes encompassed by the cohorts and administrative data. Methods: We developed a protocol for compiling measures of built environment features that quantify exposure; vary spatially on the urban and suburban scale; and can be modified through changes in policy or individual behaviour to benefit health. These measures fall into six domains: air quality, noise, greenness, weather/climate, and transportation and neighbourhood factors; and will be indexed to six-digit postal codes to facilitate merging with health databases. Initial efforts focus on existing data and include estimates of air pollutants, greenness, temperature extremes, and neighbourhood walkability and socioeconomic characteristics. Key gaps will be addressed for noise exposure, with a new national model being developed, and for transportation-related exposures, with detailed estimates of truck volumes and diesel emissions now underway in selected cities. Improvements to existing exposure estimates are planned, primarily by increasing temporal and/or spatial resolution given new satellite-based sensors and more detailed national air quality modelling. Novel metrics are also planned for walkability and food environments, green space access and function and life-long climate-related exposures based on local climate zones. Critical challenges exist, for example, the quantity and quality of in
Published: 2018
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23. The Montreal heat response plan: evaluation of its implementation towards healthcare professionals and vulnerable populations.

Author: Price, Karine, Price, Karine, Benmarhnia, Tarik, Gaudet, Judith, Kaiser, David, Sadoine, Margaux L, Perron, Stéphane, Smargiassi, Audrey, Price, Karine, Price, Karine, Benmarhnia, Tarik, Gaudet, Judith, Kaiser, David, Sadoine, Margaux L, Perron, Stéphane, and Smargiassi, Audrey
Abstract: ObjectivesSince 2004, the Montreal heat response plan (MHRP) has been developed and implemented on the Island of Montreal to reduce heat-related health effects in the general population. In this paper, we aimed to assess the barriers and facilitators to implementation of the MHRP and evaluate the awareness of key elements of the plan by healthcare professionals and individuals from vulnerable populations.MethodsData were gathered from monitoring reports and a questionnaire administered to managers of healthcare institutions and healthcare workers in Montreal-area health and social services institutions. Individual interviews and focus groups with healthcare workers and with individuals with schizophrenia or suffering from drug or alcohol dependencies were performed. Data were categorized according to predefined subthemes. Coding matrices were then used to determine the most frequently occurring elements in the subthemes.ResultsOur results indicate that actions are progressively implemented each year in the healthcare network. Intensification of surveillance for signs of heat-related illness is the most frequently reported measure. Identification and prioritization of clientele and homecare patients are identified as a challenge, as is ensuring the availability of sufficient personnel during a heat wave. Analysis of practice and awareness in healthcare professionals reveals that preventive measures are known and applied by the personnel. Individuals from vulnerable population groups were not uniformly aware of preventive measures, and consequently, variability was observed in their application.ConclusionThe framework proposed in this study revealed valuable information that can be useful to improve plans aimed at reducing heat-related health effects in the population.
Published: 2018

24. Quantifying the dark data in museum fossil collections as palaeontology undergoes a second digital revolution.

Author: Marshall, CR, Marshall, CR, Finnegan, S, Clites, EC, Holroyd, PA, Bonuso, N, Cortez, C, Davis, E, Dietl, GP, Druckenmiller, PS, Eng, RC, Garcia, C, Estes-Smargiassi, K, Hendy, A, Hollis, KA, Little, H, Nesbitt, EA, Roopnarine, P, Skibinski, L, Vendetti, J, White, LD, Marshall, CR, Marshall, CR, Finnegan, S, Clites, EC, Holroyd, PA, Bonuso, N, Cortez, C, Davis, E, Dietl, GP, Druckenmiller, PS, Eng, RC, Garcia, C, Estes-Smargiassi, K, Hendy, A, Hollis, KA, Little, H, Nesbitt, EA, Roopnarine, P, Skibinski, L, Vendetti, J, and White, LD
Abstract: Large-scale analysis of the fossil record requires aggregation of palaeontological data from individual fossil localities. Prior to computers, these synoptic datasets were compiled by hand, a laborious undertaking that took years of effort and forced palaeontologists to make difficult choices about what types of data to tabulate. The advent of desktop computers ushered in palaeontology's first digital revolution-online literature-based databases, such as the Paleobiology Database (PBDB). However, the published literature represents only a small proportion of the palaeontological data housed in museum collections. Although this issue has long been appreciated, the magnitude, and thus potential significance, of these so-called 'dark data' has been difficult to determine. Here, in the early phases of a second digital revolution in palaeontology--the digitization of museum collections-we provide an estimate of the magnitude of palaeontology's dark data. Digitization of our nine institutions' holdings of Cenozoic marine invertebrate collections from California, Oregon and Washington in the USA reveals that they represent 23 times the number of unique localities than are currently available in the PBDB. These data, and the vast quantity of similarly untapped dark data in other museum collections, will, when digitally mobilized, enhance palaeontologists' ability to make inferences about the patterns and processes of past evolutionary and ecological changes.
Published: 2018

25. Postoperative chest ultrasound findings and effectiveness after thoracic surgery: A pilot study

Author: Chiappetta, Marco, Meacci, Elisa, Cesario, Alfredo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Petracca Ciavarella, Leonardo, Lopatriello, Stefania, Contegiacomo, Andrea, Congedo, Maria Teresa, Margaritora, Stefano, Meacci, Elisa (ORCID:0000-0001-8424-3816), Cesario, Alfredo (ORCID:0000-0003-4687-0709), Contegiacomo, Andrea (ORCID:0000-0003-1489-6314), Margaritora, Stefano (ORCID:0000-0002-9796-760X), Chiappetta, Marco, Meacci, Elisa, Cesario, Alfredo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Petracca Ciavarella, Leonardo, Lopatriello, Stefania, Contegiacomo, Andrea, Congedo, Maria Teresa, Margaritora, Stefano, Meacci, Elisa (ORCID:0000-0001-8424-3816), Cesario, Alfredo (ORCID:0000-0003-4687-0709), Contegiacomo, Andrea (ORCID:0000-0003-1489-6314), and Margaritora, Stefano (ORCID:0000-0002-9796-760X)
Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the information from post-operative chest ultrasound (CU) to evaluate the possibility to use this method instead of chest X-ray (CXR) after thoracic surgery. Patients who underwent thoracic surgery were evaluated with CU blinded to CXR after surgery, deciding if it was useful or CU was exhaustive. Twenty-four patients were enrolled prospectively. The CU allowed a further discrimination of the lung abnormalities, discriminating between atelectasis, infections or hematoma. CXR was required in only 5 cases due to the presence of massive subcutaneous emphysema or absence of lung point. In the remaining 19 cases, CU was considered exhaustive and effective. In particular, CU was considered exhaustive in 67% of cases after open surgery and in 85% of cases after video-assisted thoracic surgery. In conclusion, CU appears to be effective in post-operative management after thoracic surgery and it can increase the diagnostic accuracy reducing any unnecessary X-ray exposure.
Published: 2018

26. Lung Ultrasonography and Vertical Artifacts: The Shape of Air

Author: Soldati, G., Smargiassi, Andrea, Inchingolo, R., Sher, S., Nenna, R., Valente, S., Inchingolo, C. D., Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Smargiassi A., Corbo G. M. (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Soldati, G., Smargiassi, Andrea, Inchingolo, R., Sher, S., Nenna, R., Valente, S., Inchingolo, C. D., Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Smargiassi A., and Corbo G. M. (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659)
Abstract: N/A
Published: 2015

27. Regional assessment of exposure to traffic-related air pollution: Impacts of individual mobility and transit investment scenarios

Author: Shekarrizfard, Maryam, Faghih-Imani, Ahmadreza, Tetreault, Louis-Francois, Yasmin, Shamsunnahar, Reynaud, Frederic, Morency, Patrick, Plante, Celine, Drouin, Louis, Smargiassi, Audrey, Eluru, Naveen, Hatzopoulou, Marianne, Shekarrizfard, Maryam, Faghih-Imani, Ahmadreza, Tetreault, Louis-Francois, Yasmin, Shamsunnahar, Reynaud, Frederic, Morency, Patrick, Plante, Celine, Drouin, Louis, Smargiassi, Audrey, Eluru, Naveen, and Hatzopoulou, Marianne
Abstract: This paper describes the design and application of an integrated model for the prediction of exposure to traffic related air pollution in an urban area as a result of transport policy scenarios. For this purpose, a travel demand model linked with models for traffic assignment, emissions, and air quality was used to simulate population exposure to ambient Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) in a base year (2008) and in a horizon year (2031) while incorporating population and demographic projections. The integrated model was used to evaluate the impacts of the planned regional transit and vehicle technology improvements on exposure to NO2. In the 2031 business as usual scenario, an average decrease of 19% in exposure to NO2 is observed across the sample population, compared to the 2008 base case. This decrease is primarily attributed to projected improvements in vehicle technology. In the 2031 transit scenario, we observed an average 10% decrease in exposure compared to the 2031 business as usual. In terms of the spatial variability in air pollution, the transit scenario was observed to achieve large reductions in NO2 concentrations within the downtown area and moderate reductions throughout the suburbs.
Published: 2017

28. Modelling the spatio-temporal distribution of ambient nitrogen dioxide and investigating the effects of public transit policies on population exposure

Author: Shekarrizfard, Maryam, Faghih-Imani, Ahmadreza, Tetreault, Louis-Francois, Yasmin, Shamsunnahar, Reynaud, Frederic, Morency, Patrick, Plante, Celine, Drouin, Louis, Smargiassi, Audrey, Eluru, Naveen, Hatzopoulou, Marianne, Shekarrizfard, Maryam, Faghih-Imani, Ahmadreza, Tetreault, Louis-Francois, Yasmin, Shamsunnahar, Reynaud, Frederic, Morency, Patrick, Plante, Celine, Drouin, Louis, Smargiassi, Audrey, Eluru, Naveen, and Hatzopoulou, Marianne
Abstract: Estimating the future state of air quality associated with transport policies and infrastructure investments is key to the development of meaningful transportation and planning decisions. This paper describes the design of an integrated transportation and air quality modelling framework capable of simulating traffic emissions and air pollution at a refined spatio-temporal scale. For this purpose, emissions of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) were estimated in the Greater Montreal Region at the level of individual trips and vehicles. In turn, hourly Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) concentrations were simulated across different seasons and validated against observations. Our validation results reveal a reasonable performance of the modelling chain. The modelling system was used to evaluate the impact of an extensive regional transit improvement strategy revealing reductions in NO2 concentrations across the territory by about 3.6% compared to the base case in addition to a decrease in the frequency and severity of NO2 hot spots. This is associated with a reduction in total NOx emissions of 1.9% compared to the base case; some roads experienced reductions by more than half. Finally, a methodology for assessing individuals’ daily exposure is developed (by tracking activity locations and trajectories) and we observed a reduction of 20.8% in daily exposures compared to the base case. The large difference between reductions in the mean NO2 concentration across the study domain and the mean NO2 exposure across the sample population results from the fact that NO2 concentrations dropped largely in the areas which attract the most individuals. This exercise illustrates that evaluating the air quality impacts of transportation scenarios by solely quantifying reductions in air pollution concentrations across the study domain would lead to an underestimation of the potential health gains.
Published: 2017

29. A 3-Year-Old Child With a History of Persistent Dry Cough and Fever

Author: Conte, Emanuele Giovanni, Gerardi, Rafael Emanuele, Smargiassi, Andrea, Gatto, Antonio, Valentini, Piero, Nanni, Lorenzo, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Valentini, Piero (ORCID:0000-0001-6095-9510), Nanni, Lorenzo (ORCID:0000-0003-2569-8583), Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Conte, Emanuele Giovanni, Gerardi, Rafael Emanuele, Smargiassi, Andrea, Gatto, Antonio, Valentini, Piero, Nanni, Lorenzo, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Valentini, Piero (ORCID:0000-0001-6095-9510), Nanni, Lorenzo (ORCID:0000-0003-2569-8583), and Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966)
Abstract: no available
Published: 2017

30. Are newly launched pharmacotherapies efficacious in treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? Or is there still more work to be done?

Author: Inchingolo, Riccardo, Condoluci, Carola, Smargiassi, Andrea, Mastrobattista, Annelisa, Boccabella, Cristina, Comes, Alessia, Golfi, Nicoletta, Richeldi, Luca, Richeldi, Luca (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448), Inchingolo, Riccardo, Condoluci, Carola, Smargiassi, Andrea, Mastrobattista, Annelisa, Boccabella, Cristina, Comes, Alessia, Golfi, Nicoletta, Richeldi, Luca, and Richeldi, Luca (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448)
Abstract: Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a challenging and multifactorial disease that has been thought for some time to lack effective treatments. The approval of two drugs, nintedanib and pirfenidone, has heralded a new era in its management. Areas covered: Currently, there is a growing interest on therapeutic strategies. Many studies have been designed and performed, although few of them turned out to be successful. Nowadays, nintedanib and pirfenidone are considered disease modifying drugs, recommended treatments by current evidence-based guidelines. A combined approach with more than one drug could be an effective strategy in IPF. However, data on combination therapy of the two approved drugs are still scarce, and ongoing trials are evaluating pharmacodynamic interactions and safety. The approved disease modifying drugs are also being assessed in combination with new molecules, showing promising results in preclinical models. Expert opinion: A deeper understanding of pathogenesis and key molecular mechanisms driving disease inception and progression will be key to identify novel agents to be tested both pre-clinically and clinically, possibly in combination with approved treatments. Looking at the near future, it is likely that clinical trials will adopt a phenotype-specific and pathway-specific approach, thus leading towards a personalized approach to IPF management.
Published: 2017

31. Are newly launched pharmacotherapies efficacious in treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? Or is there still more work to be done?

Author: Inchingolo, Riccardo, Condoluci, Carola, Smargiassi, Andrea, Mastrobattista, Annelisa, Boccabella, Cristina, Comes, Alessia, Golfi, Nicoletta, Richeldi, Luca, Richeldi, Luca (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448), Inchingolo, Riccardo, Condoluci, Carola, Smargiassi, Andrea, Mastrobattista, Annelisa, Boccabella, Cristina, Comes, Alessia, Golfi, Nicoletta, Richeldi, Luca, and Richeldi, Luca (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448)
Abstract: Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a challenging and multifactorial disease that has been thought for some time to lack effective treatments. The approval of two drugs, nintedanib and pirfenidone, has heralded a new era in its management. Areas covered: Currently, there is a growing interest on therapeutic strategies. Many studies have been designed and performed, although few of them turned out to be successful. Nowadays, nintedanib and pirfenidone are considered disease modifying drugs, recommended treatments by current evidence-based guidelines. A combined approach with more than one drug could be an effective strategy in IPF. However, data on combination therapy of the two approved drugs are still scarce, and ongoing trials are evaluating pharmacodynamic interactions and safety. The approved disease modifying drugs are also being assessed in combination with new molecules, showing promising results in preclinical models. Expert opinion: A deeper understanding of pathogenesis and key molecular mechanisms driving disease inception and progression will be key to identify novel agents to be tested both pre-clinically and clinically, possibly in combination with approved treatments. Looking at the near future, it is likely that clinical trials will adopt a phenotype-specific and pathway-specific approach, thus leading towards a personalized approach to IPF management.
Published: 2017

32. Quantifying Vulnerability to Extreme Heat in Time Series Analyses: A Novel Approach Applied to Neighborhood Social Disparities under Climate Change.

Author: Benmarhnia, Tarik, Benmarhnia, Tarik, Grenier, Patrick, Brand, Allan, Fournier, Michel, Deguen, Séverine, Smargiassi, Audrey, Benmarhnia, Tarik, Benmarhnia, Tarik, Grenier, Patrick, Brand, Allan, Fournier, Michel, Deguen, Séverine, and Smargiassi, Audrey
Abstract: ObjectivesWe propose a novel approach to examine vulnerability in the relationship between heat and years of life lost and apply to neighborhood social disparities in Montreal and Paris.MethodsWe used historical data from the summers of 1990 through 2007 for Montreal and from 2004 through 2009 for Paris to estimate daily years of life lost social disparities (DYLLD), summarizing social inequalities across groups. We used Generalized Linear Models to separately estimate relative risks (RR) for DYLLD in association with daily mean temperatures in both cities. We used 30 climate scenarios of daily mean temperature to estimate future temperature distributions (2021-2050). We performed random effect meta-analyses to assess the impact of climate change by climate scenario for each city and compared the impact of climate change for the two cities using a meta-regression analysis.ResultsWe show that an increase in ambient temperature leads to an increase in social disparities in daily years of life lost. The impact of climate change on DYLLD attributable to temperature was of 2.06 (95% CI: 1.90, 2.25) in Montreal and 1.77 (95% CI: 1.61, 1.94) in Paris. The city explained a difference of 0.31 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.49) on the impact of climate change.ConclusionWe propose a new analytical approach for estimating vulnerability in the relationship between heat and health. Our results suggest that in Paris and Montreal, health disparities related to heat impacts exist today and will increase in the future.
Published: 2015

33. Preliminary experience with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for sampling of mediastinal lymph nodes

Author: FUSO, LEONELLO, VARONE, FRANCESCO, MAGNINI, DANIELE, ANGELETTI, GIULIA, SMARGIASSI, ANDREA, INCHINGOLO, RICCARDO, FUSO, LEONELLO, VARONE, FRANCESCO, MAGNINI, DANIELE, ANGELETTI, GIULIA, SMARGIASSI, ANDREA, and INCHINGOLO, RICCARDO
Published: 2015

34. Quantifying Vulnerability to Extreme Heat in Time Series Analyses: A Novel Approach Applied to Neighborhood Social Disparities under Climate Change.

Author: Benmarhnia, Tarik, Benmarhnia, Tarik, Grenier, Patrick, Brand, Allan, Fournier, Michel, Deguen, Séverine, Smargiassi, Audrey, Benmarhnia, Tarik, Benmarhnia, Tarik, Grenier, Patrick, Brand, Allan, Fournier, Michel, Deguen, Séverine, and Smargiassi, Audrey
Abstract: ObjectivesWe propose a novel approach to examine vulnerability in the relationship between heat and years of life lost and apply to neighborhood social disparities in Montreal and Paris.MethodsWe used historical data from the summers of 1990 through 2007 for Montreal and from 2004 through 2009 for Paris to estimate daily years of life lost social disparities (DYLLD), summarizing social inequalities across groups. We used Generalized Linear Models to separately estimate relative risks (RR) for DYLLD in association with daily mean temperatures in both cities. We used 30 climate scenarios of daily mean temperature to estimate future temperature distributions (2021-2050). We performed random effect meta-analyses to assess the impact of climate change by climate scenario for each city and compared the impact of climate change for the two cities using a meta-regression analysis.ResultsWe show that an increase in ambient temperature leads to an increase in social disparities in daily years of life lost. The impact of climate change on DYLLD attributable to temperature was of 2.06 (95% CI: 1.90, 2.25) in Montreal and 1.77 (95% CI: 1.61, 1.94) in Paris. The city explained a difference of 0.31 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.49) on the impact of climate change.ConclusionWe propose a new analytical approach for estimating vulnerability in the relationship between heat and health. Our results suggest that in Paris and Montreal, health disparities related to heat impacts exist today and will increase in the future.
Published: 2015

35. Preliminary experience with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for sampling of mediastinal lymph nodes

Author: Fuso, Leonello, Varone, Francesco, Magnini, Daniele, Angeletti, Giulia, Smargiassi, Andrea, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Fuso, Leonello (ORCID:0000-0002-1198-6712), Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Fuso, Leonello, Varone, Francesco, Magnini, Daniele, Angeletti, Giulia, Smargiassi, Andrea, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Fuso, Leonello (ORCID:0000-0002-1198-6712), and Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966)
Abstract: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has become established as the first-line procedure for nodal staging in lung cancer patients. We report our preliminary experience with this technique after its introduction in our Unit in October 2012. EBUS-TBNA was performed using an ultrasonic endoscope (Olympus BF-UC180F) and either 21- or 22-Gauge needles. Cytological samples were obtained from mediastinal lymph nodes enlarged at chest CT-scan and/or with an increased FDG uptake at PET-scan. Up to now we collected 244 nodal samples from 196 patients with suspected lung cancer. The final diagnosis was 174 lymph nodes positive for cancer, 48 benign lesions and 22 nodal samples without a definitive diagnosis and thus considered as lost in follow-up (LFU). EBUS-TBNA was positive for metastatic involvement in 144 and negative in 100 lymph nodes. The latter included 48 true negatives, 30 false negatives and 22 LFU. The sensitivity of EBUS-TBNA for lung cancer was 83% (144 out of 174). However, including among the false negatives the 22 LFU, sensitivity decreased to 73%. The overall diagnostic accuracy of EBUS-TBNA was 79% (144 samples positive for cancer plus 48 true negatives out of a total of 244 nodal samples). The most frequent nodal stations examined and the respective diagnostic accuracy were: station 7 (95 EBUS-TBNAs, 76%); station 4R (72 EBUS-TBNAs, 85%) and station 10R (33 EBUS-TBNAs, 79%). These results show that the diagnostic yield of EBUS-TBNA is high right away from the beginning of its use. Accordingly, it can be considered a reliable tool immediately after its introduction in an operative unit.
Published: 2015

36. Variability in temperature-related mortality projections under climate change.

Author: Benmarhnia, Tarik, Benmarhnia, Tarik, Sottile, Marie-France, Plante, Céline, Brand, Allan, Casati, Barbara, Fournier, Michel, Smargiassi, Audrey, Benmarhnia, Tarik, Benmarhnia, Tarik, Sottile, Marie-France, Plante, Céline, Brand, Allan, Casati, Barbara, Fournier, Michel, and Smargiassi, Audrey
Abstract: BackgroundMost studies that have assessed impacts on mortality of future temperature increases have relied on a small number of simulations and have not addressed the variability and sources of uncertainty in their mortality projections.ObjectivesWe assessed the variability of temperature projections and dependent future mortality distributions, using a large panel of temperature simulations based on different climate models and emission scenarios.MethodsWe used historical data from 1990 through 2007 for Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and Poisson regression models to estimate relative risks (RR) for daily nonaccidental mortality in association with three different daily temperature metrics (mean, minimum, and maximum temperature) during June through August. To estimate future numbers of deaths attributable to ambient temperatures and the uncertainty of the estimates, we used 32 different simulations of daily temperatures for June-August 2020-2037 derived from three global climate models (GCMs) and a Canadian regional climate model with three sets of RRs (one based on the observed historical data, and two on bootstrap samples that generated the 95% CI of the attributable number (AN) of deaths). We then used analysis of covariance to evaluate the influence of the simulation, the projected year, and the sets of RRs used to derive the attributable numbers of deaths.ResultsWe found that < 1% of the variability in the distributions of simulated temperature for June-August of 2020-2037 was explained by differences among the simulations. Estimated ANs for 2020-2037 ranged from 34 to 174 per summer (i.e., June-August). Most of the variability in mortality projections (38%) was related to the temperature-mortality RR used to estimate the ANs.ConclusionsThe choice of the RR estimate for the association between temperature and mortality may be important to reduce uncertainty in mortality projections.
Published: 2014

37. Ultrasonography in lung pathologies : new perspectives

Author: Demi, L., Demi, M., Smargiassi, A., Inchignolo, R., Faita, F., Soldati, G., Demi, L., Demi, M., Smargiassi, A., Inchignolo, R., Faita, F., and Soldati, G.
Abstract: Background Nowadays, ultrasound techniques have not gained importance in the diagnosis and monitoring of lung pathologies yet because of the high mismatch in acoustic impedance between air and intercostal tissues. However, it is evident that B-mode imaging provides important information on pulmonary tissue, although in the form of image artifacts. Findings Notwithstanding medical evidences, there exists no ultrasound-based method dedicated to the lung, hampering de facto the full exploitation of ultrasound potentials. A chance is given by the experience acquired in other fields, where acoustic attenuation is used to estimate concentrations of suspended particles in liquids and of air-bubbles in aerated foods. Conclusions Custom hardware must be developed since commercial echographic equipment has been optimized to work with low acoustic impedance mismatches, and, in general, does not provide the primitive radiofrequency (RF) signals nor the possibility to tune key acquisition parameters such as ultrasound carrier frequency and pulse bandwidth, which are surely needed for our application.
Published: 2014

38. Spatiotemporal modeling of ozone levels in Quebec (Canada): a comparison of kriging, land-use regression (LUR), and combined Bayesian maximum entropy-LUR approaches.

Author: Adam-Poupart, Ariane, Adam-Poupart, Ariane, Brand, Allan, Fournier, Michel, Jerrett, Michael, Smargiassi, Audrey, Adam-Poupart, Ariane, Adam-Poupart, Ariane, Brand, Allan, Fournier, Michel, Jerrett, Michael, and Smargiassi, Audrey
Abstract: BackgroundAmbient air ozone (O3) is a pulmonary irritant that has been associated with respiratory health effects including increased lung inflammation and permeability, airway hyperreactivity, respiratory symptoms, and decreased lung function. Estimation of O3 exposure is a complex task because the pollutant exhibits complex spatiotemporal patterns. To refine the quality of exposure estimation, various spatiotemporal methods have been developed worldwide.ObjectivesWe sought to compare the accuracy of three spatiotemporal models to predict summer ground-level O3 in Quebec, Canada.MethodsWe developed a land-use mixed-effects regression (LUR) model based on readily available data (air quality and meteorological monitoring data, road networks information, latitude), a Bayesian maximum entropy (BME) model incorporating both O3 monitoring station data and the land-use mixed model outputs (BME-LUR), and a kriging method model based only on available O3 monitoring station data (BME kriging). We performed leave-one-station-out cross-validation and visually assessed the predictive capability of each model by examining the mean temporal and spatial distributions of the average estimated errors.ResultsThe BME-LUR was the best predictive model (R2 = 0.653) with the lowest root mean-square error (RMSE ;7.06 ppb), followed by the LUR model (R2 = 0.466, RMSE = 8.747) and the BME kriging model (R2 = 0.414, RMSE = 9.164).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that errors of estimation in the interpolation of O3 concentrations with BME can be greatly reduced by incorporating outputs from a LUR model developed with readily available data.
Published: 2014

39. Spatiotemporal modeling of ozone levels in Quebec (Canada): a comparison of kriging, land-use regression (LUR), and combined Bayesian maximum entropy-LUR approaches.

Author: Adam-Poupart, Ariane, Adam-Poupart, Ariane, Brand, Allan, Fournier, Michel, Jerrett, Michael, Smargiassi, Audrey, Adam-Poupart, Ariane, Adam-Poupart, Ariane, Brand, Allan, Fournier, Michel, Jerrett, Michael, and Smargiassi, Audrey
Abstract: BackgroundAmbient air ozone (O3) is a pulmonary irritant that has been associated with respiratory health effects including increased lung inflammation and permeability, airway hyperreactivity, respiratory symptoms, and decreased lung function. Estimation of O3 exposure is a complex task because the pollutant exhibits complex spatiotemporal patterns. To refine the quality of exposure estimation, various spatiotemporal methods have been developed worldwide.ObjectivesWe sought to compare the accuracy of three spatiotemporal models to predict summer ground-level O3 in Quebec, Canada.MethodsWe developed a land-use mixed-effects regression (LUR) model based on readily available data (air quality and meteorological monitoring data, road networks information, latitude), a Bayesian maximum entropy (BME) model incorporating both O3 monitoring station data and the land-use mixed model outputs (BME-LUR), and a kriging method model based only on available O3 monitoring station data (BME kriging). We performed leave-one-station-out cross-validation and visually assessed the predictive capability of each model by examining the mean temporal and spatial distributions of the average estimated errors.ResultsThe BME-LUR was the best predictive model (R2 = 0.653) with the lowest root mean-square error (RMSE ;7.06 ppb), followed by the LUR model (R2 = 0.466, RMSE = 8.747) and the BME kriging model (R2 = 0.414, RMSE = 9.164).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that errors of estimation in the interpolation of O3 concentrations with BME can be greatly reduced by incorporating outputs from a LUR model developed with readily available data.
Published: 2014

40. Variability in temperature-related mortality projections under climate change.

Author: Benmarhnia, Tarik, Benmarhnia, Tarik, Sottile, Marie-France, Plante, Céline, Brand, Allan, Casati, Barbara, Fournier, Michel, Smargiassi, Audrey, Benmarhnia, Tarik, Benmarhnia, Tarik, Sottile, Marie-France, Plante, Céline, Brand, Allan, Casati, Barbara, Fournier, Michel, and Smargiassi, Audrey
Abstract: BackgroundMost studies that have assessed impacts on mortality of future temperature increases have relied on a small number of simulations and have not addressed the variability and sources of uncertainty in their mortality projections.ObjectivesWe assessed the variability of temperature projections and dependent future mortality distributions, using a large panel of temperature simulations based on different climate models and emission scenarios.MethodsWe used historical data from 1990 through 2007 for Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and Poisson regression models to estimate relative risks (RR) for daily nonaccidental mortality in association with three different daily temperature metrics (mean, minimum, and maximum temperature) during June through August. To estimate future numbers of deaths attributable to ambient temperatures and the uncertainty of the estimates, we used 32 different simulations of daily temperatures for June-August 2020-2037 derived from three global climate models (GCMs) and a Canadian regional climate model with three sets of RRs (one based on the observed historical data, and two on bootstrap samples that generated the 95% CI of the attributable number (AN) of deaths). We then used analysis of covariance to evaluate the influence of the simulation, the projected year, and the sets of RRs used to derive the attributable numbers of deaths.ResultsWe found that < 1% of the variability in the distributions of simulated temperature for June-August of 2020-2037 was explained by differences among the simulations. Estimated ANs for 2020-2037 ranged from 34 to 174 per summer (i.e., June-August). Most of the variability in mortality projections (38%) was related to the temperature-mortality RR used to estimate the ANs.ConclusionsThe choice of the RR estimate for the association between temperature and mortality may be important to reduce uncertainty in mortality projections.
Published: 2014

41. Ultrasonography in lung pathologies : new perspectives

Author: Demi, L., Demi, M., Smargiassi, A., Inchignolo, R., Faita, F., Soldati, G., Demi, L., Demi, M., Smargiassi, A., Inchignolo, R., Faita, F., and Soldati, G.
Abstract: Background Nowadays, ultrasound techniques have not gained importance in the diagnosis and monitoring of lung pathologies yet because of the high mismatch in acoustic impedance between air and intercostal tissues. However, it is evident that B-mode imaging provides important information on pulmonary tissue, although in the form of image artifacts. Findings Notwithstanding medical evidences, there exists no ultrasound-based method dedicated to the lung, hampering de facto the full exploitation of ultrasound potentials. A chance is given by the experience acquired in other fields, where acoustic attenuation is used to estimate concentrations of suspended particles in liquids and of air-bubbles in aerated foods. Conclusions Custom hardware must be developed since commercial echographic equipment has been optimized to work with low acoustic impedance mismatches, and, in general, does not provide the primitive radiofrequency (RF) signals nor the possibility to tune key acquisition parameters such as ultrasound carrier frequency and pulse bandwidth, which are surely needed for our application.
Published: 2014

42. Conventional transbronchial needle aspiration for the staging of lung cancer

Author: Fuso, Leonello, Varone, Francesco, Smargiassi, Andrea, Magnini, Daniele, Colella, Sara, Di Marco Berardino, Alessandro, Marra, Roberta, Rindi, Guido, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Fuso, Leonello (ORCID:0000-0002-1198-6712), Rindi, Guido (ORCID:0000-0003-2996-4404), Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Fuso, Leonello, Varone, Francesco, Smargiassi, Andrea, Magnini, Daniele, Colella, Sara, Di Marco Berardino, Alessandro, Marra, Roberta, Rindi, Guido, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Fuso, Leonello (ORCID:0000-0002-1198-6712), Rindi, Guido (ORCID:0000-0003-2996-4404), and Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966)
Abstract: Conventional transbronchial needle aspiration for the staging of lung cancer
Published: 2014

43. Look at the lung: can chest ultrasonography be useful in pregnancy?

Author: Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Mormile, Flaminio, Marra, Rosa Speranza, De Carolis, Sara, Lanzone, Antonio, Valente, Salvatore, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Mormile, Flaminio (ORCID:0000-0003-0790-3272), De Carolis, Sara (ORCID:0000-0002-5160-7609), Lanzone, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Valente, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-4052-9200), Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Mormile, Flaminio, Marra, Rosa Speranza, De Carolis, Sara, Lanzone, Antonio, Valente, Salvatore, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Mormile, Flaminio (ORCID:0000-0003-0790-3272), De Carolis, Sara (ORCID:0000-0002-5160-7609), Lanzone, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Valente, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-4052-9200), and Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659)
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of chest ultrasound (US) in the detection, diagnosis and follow-up of pathologic processes of both peripheral lung parenchyma and pleural space in pregnant women. FINDINGS: Pregnant women admitted to Obstetric Pathology Hospital Department for respiratory diseases were enrolled. Chest US examination was performed when there was a respiratory disease highly suggestive of pneumonia and/or pleural effusion and chest X-ray (CXR) should have been obtained. Three chest US patterns were identified: lung consolidation (LC), pleural effusion (PE) and focal sonographic interstitial syndromes (SIS). When chest US pathologic signs were reported, one or more subsequent chest US examinations were performed to follow-up the patient until their complete resolution. Sixteen inpatients underwent 54 chest US evaluations. We identified: 9 LCs, 6 PEs and 11 SISs. Total number of CXRs was 7 (10 females avoided X-rays exposure and one underwent 2 CXR evaluations on the advice of Gynecologist). Chest US follow-up, during and after therapy, showed complete resolution of echographic patterns previously described. CONCLUSIONS: Chest US evaluation during pregnancy is a useful diagnostic tool to detect and monitor respiratory diseases, avoiding excessive X-rays exposure.
Published: 2014

44. Look at the lung: can chest ultrasonography be useful in pregnancy?

Author: De Carolis, Sara, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Mormile, Flaminio, Marra, Roberto, Lanzone, Antonio, Valente, Salvatore, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, De Carolis, Sara (ORCID:0000-0002-5160-7609), Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Mormile, Flaminio (ORCID:0000-0003-0790-3272), Lanzone, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Valente, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-4052-9200), Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), De Carolis, Sara, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Mormile, Flaminio, Marra, Roberto, Lanzone, Antonio, Valente, Salvatore, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, De Carolis, Sara (ORCID:0000-0002-5160-7609), Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Mormile, Flaminio (ORCID:0000-0003-0790-3272), Lanzone, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Valente, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-4052-9200), and Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659)
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of chest ultrasound (US) in the detection, diagnosis and follow-up of pathologic processes of both peripheral lung parenchyma and pleural space in pregnant women. FINDINGS: Pregnant women admitted to Obstetric Pathology Hospital Department for respiratory diseases were enrolled. Chest US examination was performed when there was a respiratory disease highly suggestive of pneumonia and/or pleural effusion and chest X-ray (CXR) should have been obtained. Three chest US patterns were identified: lung consolidation (LC), pleural effusion (PE) and focal sonographic interstitial syndromes (SIS). When chest US pathologic signs were reported, one or more subsequent chest US examinations were performed to follow-up the patient until their complete resolution. Sixteen inpatients underwent 54 chest US evaluations. We identified: 9 LCs, 6 PEs and 11 SISs. Total number of CXRs was 7 (10 females avoided X-rays exposure and one underwent 2 CXR evaluations on the advice of Gynecologist). Chest US follow-up, during and after therapy, showed complete resolution of echographic patterns previously described. CONCLUSIONS: Chest US evaluation during pregnancy is a useful diagnostic tool to detect and monitor respiratory diseases, avoiding excessive X-rays exposure.
Published: 2014

45. Serum level of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and IGF-1 during an acute exacerbation of COPD and their relationships with inflammatory and prognostic indices: a pilot study

Author: Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Di Marco Berardino, Alessandro, Mancini, Antonio, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Raimondo, Sebastiano, Valente, Salvatore, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Mancini, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0002-7707-4564), Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Valente, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-4052-9200), Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Di Marco Berardino, Alessandro, Mancini, Antonio, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Raimondo, Sebastiano, Valente, Salvatore, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Mancini, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0002-7707-4564), Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), and Valente, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-4052-9200)
Abstract: AIM: Acute exacerbations (AECOPD) of negatively influence the natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD) and they are related to muscle dysfunction. In this pathway hypogonadism could play a pivotal role. Our study wants to evaluate possible relationships among prognostic indexes of AECOPD, represented by Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, inflammation (serum amyloid A, SSA) and anabolic hormones, especially less studied steroids, like dihydrotestosterone (DHT) e free-testosterone (f-T). METHODS: Twenty-four patients (17 males; age 75±13 yrs) were studied. On admission and at discharge a blood sample for total testosterone (T), DHT, insulin like grow factor 1 (IGF-1) and Serum Amyloid A (SSA) was obtained. f-T was calculated using Vermeulen's formula. RESULTS: Descriptive statistical analysis shows reduced of T values (1.85±2.28 ng/mL), f-T (0.028±0.030 ng/mL), DHT (0.18±0.19 ng/mL) and IGF-1 (91.840±74.19 pg/mL). Calculating tertile for Apache II and SSA and using them as cut off point, three categories were made and used in the analysis (SSA<10 mg/mL; 10-160 mg/mL; >160 mg/mL); (APACHE II≤10; 11-12; >12). Using this classification, an inverse correlation between SAA and T (P=0.01), f-T (0.01), DHT (0.001) and IGF-1 (P=0.05) was found. Data show the same inverse relationship between APACHE II tertiles on one hand and T (P=0.01) and f-T (P=0.02) on the other hand. CONCLUSION: Our data confirm systemic effects of AECOPD and the role of endocrinological derangements, suggesting a possible mechanism explaining them.
Published: 2014

46. B-lines:to count or not to count

Author: Zanforlin, Alessandro, Smargiassi, Andrea, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Sher, Sara, Ramazzina, Emilio, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Soldati, Gino, Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Zanforlin, Alessandro, Smargiassi, Andrea, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Sher, Sara, Ramazzina, Emilio, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Soldati, Gino, Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), and Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659)
Abstract: N/A
Published: 2014

47. Lung Ultrasonography May Provide an Indirect Estimation of Lung Porosity and Airspace Geometry

Author: Soldati, G, Smargiassi, Andrea, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Sher, S, Nenna, R, Valente, Salvatore, Inchingolo, Cd, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Valente, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-4052-9200), Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Soldati, G, Smargiassi, Andrea, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Sher, S, Nenna, R, Valente, Salvatore, Inchingolo, Cd, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Valente, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-4052-9200), and Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659)
Abstract: Background: Echographic vertical artifacts (B-lines) in chest ultrasonography have often been associated with pathological patterns. A scientifically sound explanation of these artifacts has not yet been proposed. Objectives: The ‘spongy’ nature of the lung in its liquid and solid components and the changes that take place in peripheral airspace (PAS) geometry might be the key point to understanding these phenomena. Methods: Six excised right rabbit lungs were obtained. Each lung underwent direct ultrasound evaluation in two different conditions: at complete tissue elastic recoil volume and at pulmonary expansion volume achieved by applying a constant positive pressure of 12 cm H 2 O. Lung volumes and densities were reported in both conditions. Histological examination was performed on three naturally collapsed lungs and on three lungs under positive pressure inflation after having been fixed in forma-lin solution. Results: Mean volumes of naturally collapsed lungs and fixed expanded lungs were 11.2 ± 0.36 and 44.83 ± 3.03 ml, respectively. Mean densities were 0.622 ± 0.016 and 0.155 ± 0.007 g/ml, respectively. Ultrasound evaluation of collapsed lungs showed dense vertical artifacts and a ‘white lung’ pattern, while the evaluation of expanded lungs showed hyperechoic line and horizontal artifacts of reflection. Histological evaluation showed a different PAS geometry in collapsed lungs caused by alveolar size reduction and shape changes with unfolded and closed units modifying the peripheral porosity of the frothy nature of the lung. Conclusions: Airspace geometry, frothy nature and porosity are the determinants of the different behavior of ultrasound interacting with the subpleural lung parenchyma. Chest ultrasound may thus be interpreted as an indirect ‘estimator’ of lung porosity.
Published: 2014

48. Lung ultrasonography may provide an indirect estimation of lung porosity and airspace geometry

Author: Soldati, Gino, Smargiassi, Andrea, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Sher, Sara, Nenna, Rosanna, Valente, Salvatore, Inchingolo, Cosimo Damiano, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Valente, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-4052-9200), Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Soldati, Gino, Smargiassi, Andrea, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Sher, Sara, Nenna, Rosanna, Valente, Salvatore, Inchingolo, Cosimo Damiano, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Valente, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-4052-9200), and Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659)
Abstract: Background: Echographic vertical artifacts (B-lines) in chest ultrasonography have often been associated with pathological patterns. A scientifically sound explanation of these artifacts has not yet been proposed. Objectives: The ‘spongy’ nature of the lung in its liquid and solid components and the changes that take place in peripheral airspace (PAS) geometry might be the key point to understanding these phenomena. Methods: Six excised right rabbit lungs were obtained. Each lung underwent direct ultrasound evaluation in two different conditions: at complete tissue elastic recoil volume and at pulmonary expansion volume achieved by applying a constant positive pressure of 12 cm H 2 O. Lung volumes and densities were reported in both conditions. Histological examination was performed on three naturally collapsed lungs and on three lungs under positive pressure inflation after having been fixed in formalin solution. Results: Mean volumes of naturally collapsed lungs and fixed expanded lungs were 11.2 ± 0.36 and 44.83 ± 3.03 ml, respectively. Mean densities were 0.622 ± 0.016 and 0.155 ± 0.007 g/ml, respectively. Ultrasound evaluation of collapsed lungs showed dense vertical artifacts and a ‘white lung’ pattern, while the evaluation of expanded lungs showed hyperechoic line and horizontal artifacts of reflection. Histological evaluation showed a different PAS geometry in collapsed lungs caused by alveolar size reduction and shape changes with unfolded and closed units modifying the peripheral porosity of the frothy nature of the lung. Conclusions: Airspace geometry, frothy nature and porosity are the determinants of the different behavior of ultrasound interacting with the subpleural lung parenchyma. Chest ultrasound may thus be interpreted as an indirect ‘estimator’ of lung porosity.
Published: 2014

49. Look at the lung: can chest ultrasonography be useful in pregnancy?

Author: Lanzone, Antonio, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Mormile, Flaminio, De Carolis, Sara, Valente, Salvatore, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Marra, R, Lanzone, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Mormile, Flaminio (ORCID:0000-0003-0790-3272), De Carolis, Sara (ORCID:0000-0002-5160-7609), Valente, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-4052-9200), Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Lanzone, Antonio, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Mormile, Flaminio, De Carolis, Sara, Valente, Salvatore, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Marra, R, Lanzone, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0003-4119-414X), Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Mormile, Flaminio (ORCID:0000-0003-0790-3272), De Carolis, Sara (ORCID:0000-0002-5160-7609), Valente, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-4052-9200), and Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659)
Abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of chest ultrasound (US) in the detection, diagnosis and follow-up of pathologic processes of both peripheral lung parenchyma and pleural space in pregnant women. FINDINGS: Pregnant women admitted to Obstetric Pathology Hospital Department for respiratory diseases were enrolled. Chest US examination was performed when there was a respiratory disease highly suggestive of pneumonia and/or pleural effusion and chest X-ray (CXR) should have been obtained. Three chest US patterns were identified: lung consolidation (LC), pleural effusion (PE) and focal sonographic interstitial syndromes (SIS). When chest US pathologic signs were reported, one or more subsequent chest US examinations were performed to follow-up the patient until their complete resolution. Sixteen inpatients underwent 54 chest US evaluations. We identified: 9 LCs, 6 PEs and 11 SISs. Total number of CXRs was 7 (10 females avoided X-rays exposure and one underwent 2 CXR evaluations on the advice of Gynecologist). Chest US follow-up, during and after therapy, showed complete resolution of echographic patterns previously described. CONCLUSIONS: Chest US evaluation during pregnancy is a useful diagnostic tool to detect and monitor respiratory diseases, avoiding excessive X-rays exposure
Published: 2014

50. Empyema caused by Prevotella bivia complicating an unusual case of spontaneous chylothorax.

Author: Di Marco Berardino, Alessandro, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Re, Antonina, Torelli, Riccardo, Fiori, Barbara, D'Inzeo, Tiziana, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Valente, Salvatore, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Spanu, Teresa, Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Fiori, B (ORCID:0000-0003-3318-5809), D'Inzeo, Tiziana (ORCID:0000-0003-1508-3518), Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Valente, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-4052-9200), Sanguinetti, Maurizio (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Spanu, Teresa (ORCID:0000-0003-1864-5184), Di Marco Berardino, Alessandro, Inchingolo, Riccardo, Smargiassi, Andrea, Re, Antonina, Torelli, Riccardo, Fiori, Barbara, D'Inzeo, Tiziana, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Valente, Salvatore, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Spanu, Teresa, Inchingolo, Riccardo (ORCID:0000-0003-2843-9966), Fiori, B (ORCID:0000-0003-3318-5809), D'Inzeo, Tiziana (ORCID:0000-0003-1508-3518), Corbo, Giuseppe Maria (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Valente, Salvatore (ORCID:0000-0003-4052-9200), Sanguinetti, Maurizio (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), and Spanu, Teresa (ORCID:0000-0003-1864-5184)
Abstract: Spontaneous chylothorax is rare in adults. We present an unusual case that was complicated by 28 Prevotella bivia empyema. Full recovery was achieved with chest-tube drainage and prompt 29 treatment with intravenous clindamycin.
Published: 2014

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