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The Greeks provided not just the bases of the western though or rationalism, but their knowledge also Influenced with their mythology in many aspects related to medicine. Some of those aspects are shown in this paper. We will start with the origin of Asclepius –Aesculapius for the Romans- God of medicine, his therapeutic system, the symbol that identifies it –a wooden staff encircled by a single snake-, and finally with the origin of confusion with the caduceus of Hermes.