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The IEA's International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) investigates the ways in which young people are prepared to undertake their roles as citizens in a range of countries in the second decade of the 21st century. ICCS 2016 is the second cycle of a study initiated in 2009. The ICCS 2016 user guide describes the content and format of the data in the ICCS 2016 international database. It introduces the use of weighting and variance estimation variables for analyzing the ICCS 2016 data, and provides a comprehensive overview of how to work with the IEA's International Database (IDB) Analyzer software. The ICCS 2016 user guide is accompanied by four appendices: the international versions of all questionnaires; an overview of national adaptations to the national versions of the ICCS 2016 international questionnaires; derived variables used in the ICCS 2016 international and regional reports; and a set of restricted-use civic knowledge items, together with their respective scoring guides, to illustrate the test contents. Over the past 50 years, the IEA has conducted comparative research studies in a range of domains focusing on educational policies, practices, and outcomes in many countries around the world. The association conducted its first survey of civic education in 1971. The reliable comparative data collected by ICCS 2016 will allow education systems to evaluate the strengths of educational policies, both internationally and within a regional context, and to measure their progress toward achieving critical components of the United Nations' 2030 agenda for sustainable development. [This guide was produced with Roma Tre Università degli studi. For the "ICCS 2016 Technical Report," see ED627443. For the "ICCS 2009 User Guide for the International Database," see ED544615.]

WAS is a multifaceted monogenic disorder with a broad disease spectrum and variable disease severity and a variety of treatment options including allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and gene therapy (GT). No reliable biomarker exists to predict disease course and outcome for individual patients. A total of 577 patients with a WAS variant from 26 countries and a median follow-up of 8.9 years (0.3-71.1), totaling 6118 patient-years, were included in this international retrospective study. Overall survival (OS) of the cohort (censored at HSCT or GT) was 82% (95% CI 78-87) at 15 years and 70% (61-80) at 30 years of age. The type of variant was predictive of outcome: patients with a missense variant in exons 1 or 2 or with the intronic hotspot variant c.559+5G>A (class I variants) had a 15-year OS of 93% (89-98) and a 30-year OS of 91% (86-97), compared to 71% (62-81) and 48% (34-68) in patients with any other variant (class II; p<0.0001). The cumulative incidence rates of disease-related complications such as severe bleeding (p=0.007), life-threatening infection (p<0.0001), and autoimmunity (p=0.004) occurred significantly later in patients with a class I variant. The cumulative incidence of malignancy (p=0.6) was not different between classes I and II. This study represents the largest cohort of WAS patients studied so far. It confirms the spectrum of disease severity and quantifies the risk for specific disease-related complications. The class of variant is a biomarker to predict the outcome for WAS patients.

Industrial applications produce sensor data at steadily increasing data rates. In this work, we present HAQSE, a Hierarchical Aggregation and Query Store. HAQSE is a complete system supporting efficient ingestion of high-rate sensor streams, efficient long-term storage and efficient range-based retrieval. HAQSE also supports interactive data exploration by exploiting precomputed windowed aggregations for approximate query processing. We provide detailed empirical evaluations to show its utility., Anwendungen in einem industriellen Umfeld produzieren immer höhere Sensordatenraten. Diese Arbeit präsentiert HAQSE, einem System zur Speicherung und Abfrage von hierarchisch aggregierten Daten. HAQSE unterstützt eine effiziente Inputverarbeitung, effiziente langfristige Speicherung und effiziente Zeitbereichsabfragen. Zur Bearbeitung von Abfragen für die interaktive Datenauswertung verwendet HAQSE vorberechnete Aggregationen. Umfassende empirische Auswertungen zeigen der Nutzen von HAQSE.

This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 23331 "Recent Trends in Graph Decomposition", which took place from 13. August to 18. August, 2023. The seminar brought together 33 experts from academia and industry to discuss graph decomposition, a pivotal technique for handling massive graphs in applications such as social networks and scientific simulations. The seminar addressed the challenges posed by contemporary hardware designs, the potential of deep neural networks and reinforcement learning in developing heuristics, the unique optimization requirements of large sparse data, and the need for scalable algorithms suitable for emerging architectures. Through presentations, discussions, and collaborative sessions, the event fostered an exchange of innovative ideas, leading to the creation of community notes highlighting key open problems in the field.

Objectives: This study, drawing on the pathway mediation model developed by Street and his colleagues (2009) that links communication to health outcomes, explores how patient-centered communication affects cancer information avoidance. Methods: Data was gathered through online access panel surveys, utilizing stratified sampling across Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands, and Austria. The final sample included 4910 non-cancer and 414 cancer patients, all receiving healthcare from clinicians within the past year. Results: The results demonstrated that patient-centered communication is directly associated with reduced cancer information avoidance, especially among cancer patients. Additionally, this association is indirectly mediated through patient trust and healthcare literacy. Conclusion: The findings provide empirical evidence that reveals the underlying mechanism linking clinicianpatient communication to patient health information behavior. Practice implications: The potential of clinician-patient communication in addressing health information avoidance is highlighted by these findings. Future interventions in healthcare settings should consider adopting patient-centered communication strategies. Additionally, improving patient trust and literacy levels could be effective in reducing cancer information avoidance.

Background: Forecasts suggest that older adults will place unprecedented demands on future health care systems. Electronic health (eHealth) resources can potentially mitigate some pressures, but to be effective patients need to be able to use them. The negative relationship between eHealth literacy and age usually re-sults in older adults classified as one homogenous mass, which misses the opportunity to tailor interventions. Objective: This research examines similarities and differences within the baby boom cohort among a sample that uses the internet for health information. Methods: We used an electronic survey with random samples of baby boomers (N = 996) from the United States, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand. Key Results: Four distinct subgroups, or segments, emerged. While not different from a socioeconomic perspective, these four groups have very different levels of eHealth literacy and corresponding health behaviors. Therefore, we contribute a more complex picture than is usually presented in eHealth studies. Conclusions: Resulting in-sights offer a useful starting point for providers wishing to better tailor health products, services, and com-munications to this large cohort of future older individuals.

Objective: Amid ongoing medication safety concerns in China and limited research on public perceptions, this study investigates the correlations between media exposure, healthcare experiences, and individuals’ perceptions of medication safety. It also examines individuals’ reliance on information sources during safety crises. Methods: A multistage stratified random sampling was employed with the gross sample containing 3090 Chinese adults aged 18–60 years. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results: Social media exposure was found to negatively correlate with perceptions of current medication safety and its perceived improvement, while exposure to television and print media showed positive correlations. Positive healthcare experiences were associated with improved medication safety perceptions. Among various information sources, healthcare professionals were deemed most trustworthy during medication safety incidents. Conclusions: Media exposure and personal healthcare experiences significantly shape individuals’ perceptions of medication safety in China, with healthcare professionals playing a crucial role in this context. Practice implications: Effective health crisis communication in China needs to be multifaceted, integrating traditional media and social media platforms to disseminate accurate information broadly. Additionally, healthcare professionals should be actively involved in crisis communication. Their role as trusted sources can be leveraged to clarify misconceptions, and reassure the public during medication safety incidents.

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a heart muscle disease characterized by prominent "non-ischemic" myocardial scarring predisposing to ventricular electrical instability. Diagnostic criteria for the original phenotype, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), were first proposed in 1994 and revised in 2010 by an international Task Force (TF). A 2019 International Expert report appraised these previous criteria, finding good accuracy for diagnosis of ARVC but a lack of sensitivity for identification of the expanding phenotypic disease spectrum, which includes left-sided variants, i.e., biventricular (ABVC) and arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC). The ARVC phenotype together with these left-sided variants are now more appropriately named ACM. The lack of diagnostic criteria for the left ventricular (LV) phenotype has resulted in clinical under-recognition of ACM patients over the 4 decades since the disease discovery. In 2020, the "Padua criteria" were proposed for both right-and left-sided ACM phenotypes. The presently proposed criteria represent a refinement of the 2020 Padua criteria and have been developed by an expert European TF to improve the diagnosis of ACM with upgraded and internationally recognized criteria. The growing recognition of the diagnostic role of CMR has led to the incorporation of myocardial tissue characterization findings for detection of myocardial scar using the late-gadolinium enhancement (LGE) technique to more fully characterize right, biventricular and left disease variants, whether genetic or acquired (phenocopies), and to exclude other "non-scarring" myocardial disease. The "ring-like' pattern of myocardial LGE/scar is now a recognized diagnostic hallmark of ALVC. Additional diagnostic criteria regarding LV depolarization and repolarization ECG abnor-malities and ventricular arrhythmias of LV origin are also provided. These proposed upgrading of diagnostic criteria represents a working framework t, Funding agency:European Union-next generation EU-PNRRM6 C2-Investement 2.1 PNRR-MR1-2022-12376614

Libraries composed of licensed drugs represent a vast repertoire of molecules modulating physiological processes in humans, providing unique opportunities for the discovery of host-targeting antivirals. We screened the Repurposing, Focused Rescue, and Accelerated Medchem (ReFRAME) repurposing library with approximately 12,000 molecules for broad-spectrum coronavirus antivirals and discovered 134 compounds inhibiting an alphacoronavirus and mapping to 58 molecular target categories. Dominant targets included the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor, the dopamine receptor, and cyclin-dependent kinases. Gene knock-out of the drugs’ host targets including cathepsin B and L (CTSB/L; VBY-825), the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR; Phortress), the farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT1; P-3622), and the kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1; Omaveloxolone), significantly modulated HCoV-229E infection, providing evidence that these compounds inhibited the virus through acting on their respective host targets. Counter-screening of all 134 primary compound candidates with SARS-CoV-2 and validation in primary cells identified Phortress, an AHR activating ligand, P-3622-targeting FDFT1, and Omaveloxolone, which activates the NFE2-like bZIP transcription factor 2 (NFE2L2) by liberating it from its endogenous inhibitor KEAP1, as antiviral candidates for both an Alpha- and a Betacoronavirus. This study provides an overview of HCoV-229E repurposing candidates and reveals novel potentially druggable viral host dependency factors hijacked by diverse coronaviruses.

Mars, lacking an intrinsic dynamo, is an ideal laboratory to comparatively study induced magnetospheres, which can be found in other terrestrial bodies as well as comets. Additionally, Mars is of particular interest to further exploration due to its loss of habitability by atmospheric escape and possible future human exploration. In this context, we propose the Mars Magnetospheric Multipoint Measurement Mission (M5), a multi-spacecraft mission to study the dynamics and energy transport of the Martian induced magnetosphere comprehensively. Particular focus is dedicated to the largely unexplored magnetotail region, where signatures of magnetic reconnection have been found. Furthermore, a reliable knowledge of the upstream solar wind conditions is needed to study the dynamics of the Martian magnetosphere, especially the different dayside boundary regions but also for energy transport phenomena like the current system and plasma waves. This will aid the study of atmospheric escape processes of planets with induced magnetospheres. In order to resolve the three-dimensional structures varying both in time and space, multi-point measurements are required. Thus, M5 is a five spacecraft mission, with one solar wind monitor orbiting Mars in a circular orbit at 5 Martian radii, and four smaller spacecraft in a tetrahedral configuration orbiting Mars in an elliptical orbit, spanning the far magnetotail up to 6 Mars radii with a periapsis just outside the Martian magnetosphere of 1.8 Mars radii. We not only present a detailed assessment of the scientific need for such a mission but also show the resulting mission and spacecraft design taking into account all aspects of the mission requirements and constraints such as mass, power, and link budgets. Additionally, different aspects of the mission programmatics like a possible mission timeline, cost estimates, or public outreach are shown. The common requirements for acceptance for an ESA mission are considered. The mission outlined

The synthesis of a library of halogenated rocaglate derivatives belonging to the flavagline class of natural products, of which silvestrol is the most prominent example, is reported. Their antiviral activity and cytotoxicity profile against a wide range of pathogenic viruses, including hepatitis E, Chikungunya, Rift Valley Fever virus and SARS-CoV-2, were determined. The incorporation of halogen substituents at positions 4′, 6 and 8 was shown to have a significant effect on the antiviral activity of rocaglates, some of which even showed enhanced activity compared to CR-31-B and silvestrol.

Introduction: The number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of exercise among cancer survivors has increased in recent years; however, participants dropping out of the trials are rarely described. The objective of the present study was to assess which combinations of participant and exercise program characteristics were associated with dropout from the exercise arms of RCTs among cancer survivors. Methods: This study used data collected in the Predicting OptimaL cAncer RehabIlitation and Supportive care (POLARIS) study, an international database of RCTs investigating the effects of exercise among cancer survivors. Thirty-four exercise trials, with a total of 2467 patients without metastatic disease randomized to an exercise arm were included. Harmonized studies included a pre and a posttest, and participants were classified as dropouts when missing all assessments at the post-intervention test. Subgroups were identified with a conditional inference tree. Results: Overall, 9.6% of the participants dropped out. Five subgroups were identified in the conditional inference tree based on four significant associations with dropout. Most dropout was observed for participants with BMI >28.4 kg/m2, performing supervised resistance or unsupervised mixed exercise (19.8% dropout) or had low-medium education and performed aerobic or supervised mixed exercise (13.5%). The lowest dropout was found for participants with BMI >28.4 kg/m2 and high education performing aerobic or supervised mixed exercise (5.1%), and participants with BMI ≤28.4 kg/m2 exercising during (5.2%) or post (9.5%) treatment. Conclusions: There are several systematic differences between cancer survivors completing and dropping out from exercise trials, possibly affecting the external validity of exercise effects. © 2024 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd., The present study was part of a PhD project funded by the South‐Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority. The POLARIS study is supported by the Bas Mulder Award, granted to L. M. Buffart by the Alpe d’HuZes foundation/Dutch Cancer Society (VU2011–5045).

In dieser Studie wird die Entwicklung verschiedener thermisch gespritzter Beschichtungen für den Einsatz im Armaturenbau diskutiert. Basierend auf etablierten Verschleißschutzschichten der Armaturenindustrie wurden verschiedene Festschmierstoffe in diese Beschichtungen integriert, um das Verschleiß‐ und Reibungsverhalten bei anwendungsnahen Belastungen für Armaturen zu verbessern. Für die Anwendungen wurden Verschleißschutzschichten auf Basis von WC/CoCr und Cr₃C₂/NiCr entwickelt. Als Festschmierstoffe wurden nickelumhülltes Graphit und hexagonales Bornitrid untersucht. Die Verfahrensvarianten Hochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen mit Sauerstoff (HVOF) und das neuartige Ultrahochgeschwindigkeitsflammspritzen (UHVOF) wurden untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass durch eine passende Beschichtungszusammensetzung eine Reduktion des Verschleißes von 53 % und der Reibung von 31 % unter anwendungsnahen Belastungen möglich ist.

Essential soil functions such as plant productivity, C storage, nutrient cycling and the storage and purification of water all depend on soil biological processes. Given this insight, it is remarkable that in modeling of these soil functions, the various biological actors usually do not play an explicit role. In this review and perspective paper we analyze the state of the art in modeling these soil functions and how biological processes could more adequately be accounted for. We do this for six different biologically driven processes clusters that are key for understanding soil functions, namely i) turnover of soil organic matter, ii) N cycling, iii) P dynamics, iv) biodegradation of contaminants v) plant disease control and vi) soil structure formation. A major conclusion is that the development of models to predict changes in soil functions at the scale of soil profiles (i.e. pedons) should be better rooted in the underlying biological processes that are known to a large extent. This is prerequisite to arrive at the predictive models that we urgently need under current conditions of Global Change.

Western Eurasia witnessed several large-scale human migrations during the Holocene1–5. Here, to investigate the cross-continental effects of these migrations, we shotgun-sequenced 317 genomes—mainly from the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods—from across northern and western Eurasia. These were imputed alongside published data to obtain diploid genotypes from more than 1,600 ancient humans. Our analyses revealed a ‘great divide’ genomic boundary extending from the Black Sea to the Baltic. Mesolithic hunter-gatherers were highly genetically differentiated east and west of this zone, and the effect of the neolithization was equally disparate. Large-scale ancestry shifts occurred in the west as farming was introduced, including near-total replacement of hunter-gatherers in many areas, whereas no substantial ancestry shifts happened east of the zone during the same period. Similarly, relatedness decreased in the west from the Neolithic transition onwards, whereas, east of the Urals, relatedness remained high until around 4,000 bp, consistent with the persistence of localized groups of hunter-gatherers. The boundary dissolved when Yamnaya-related ancestry spread across western Eurasia around 5,000 bp, resulting in a second major turnover that reached most parts of Europe within a 1,000-year span. The genetic origin and fate of the Yamnaya have remained elusive, but we show that hunter-gatherers from the Middle Don region contributed ancestry to them. Yamnaya groups later admixed with individuals associated with the Globular Amphora culture before expanding into Europe. Similar turnovers occurred in western Siberia, where we report new genomic data from a ‘Neolithic steppe’ cline spanning the Siberian forest steppe to Lake Baikal. These prehistoric migrations had profound and lasting effects on the genetic diversity of Eurasian populations.

Hydathodes are usually associated with water exudation in plants. However, foliar water uptake (FWU) through the hydathodes has long been suspected in the leaf-succulent genus Crassula (Crassulaceae), a highly diverse group in southern Africa, and, to our knowledge, no empirical observations exist in the literature that unequivocally link FWU to hydathodes in this genus. FWU is expected to be particularly beneficial on the arid western side of southern Africa, where up to 50% of Crassula species occur and where periodically high air humidity leads to fog and/or dew formation. To investigate if hydathode-mediated FWU is operational in different Crassula species, we used the apoplastic fluorescent tracer Lucifer Yellow in combination with different imaging techniques. Our images of dye-treated leaves confirm that hydathode-mediated FWU does indeed occur in Crassula and that it might be widespread across the genus. Hydathodes in Crassula serve as moisture-harvesting structures, besides their more common purpose of guttation, an adaptation that has likely played an important role in the evolutionary history of the genus. Our observations suggest that ability for FWU is independent of geographical distribution and not restricted to arid environments under fog influence, as FWU is also operational in Crassula species from the rather humid eastern side of southern Africa. Our observations point towards no apparent link between FWU ability and overall leaf surface wettability in Crassula. Instead, the hierarchically sculptured leaf surfaces of several Crassula species may facilitate FWU due to hydrophilic leaf surface microdomains, even in seemingly hydrophobic species. Overall, these results confirm the ecophysiological relevance of hydathode-mediated FWU in Crassula and reassert the importance of atmospheric humidity for some arid-adapted plant groups.

Plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPM) can enhance crop yield and health, but knowledge of their mode-of-action is limited. We studied the influence of two Bacillus subtilis strains, the natural isolate ALC_02 and the domesticated 168 Gö, on Arabidopsis and hypothesized that they modify the root architecture by modulating hormone transport or signaling. Both bacteria promoted increase of shoot and root surface area in vitro, but through different root anatomical traits. Mutant plants deficient in auxin transport or signaling responded less to the bacterial strains than the wild-type, and application of the auxin transport inhibitor NPA strongly reduced the influence of the strains. Both bacteria produced auxin and enhanced shoot auxin levels in DR5::GUS reporter plants. Accordingly, most of the beneficial effects of the strains were dependent on functional auxin transport and signaling, while only 168 Gö depended on functional ethylene signaling. As expected, only ALC_02 stimulated plant growth in soil, unlike 168 Gö that was previously reported to have reduced biofilms. Collectively, the results highlight that B. subtilis strains can have strikingly different plant growth-promoting properties, dependent on what experimental setup they are tested in, and the importance of choosing the right PGPM for a desired root phenotype.

Major migration events in Holocene Eurasia have been characterized genetically at broad regional scales1–4. However, insights into the population dynamics in the contact zones are hampered by a lack of ancient genomic data sampled at high spatiotemporal resolution5–7. Here, to address this, we analysed shotgun-sequenced genomes from 100 skeletons spanning 7,300 years of the Mesolithic period, Neolithic period and Early Bronze Age in Denmark and integrated these with proxies for diet (13C and 15N content), mobility (87Sr/86Sr ratio) and vegetation cover (pollen). We observe that Danish Mesolithic individuals of the Maglemose, Kongemose and Ertebølle cultures form a distinct genetic cluster related to other Western European hunter-gatherers. Despite shifts in material culture they displayed genetic homogeneity from around 10,500 to 5,900 calibrated years before present, when Neolithic farmers with Anatolian-derived ancestry arrived. Although the Neolithic transition was delayed by more than a millennium relative to Central Europe, it was very abrupt and resulted in a population turnover with limited genetic contribution from local hunter-gatherers. The succeeding Neolithic population, associated with the Funnel Beaker culture, persisted for only about 1,000 years before immigrants with eastern Steppe-derived ancestry arrived. This second and equally rapid population replacement gave rise to the Single Grave culture with an ancestry profile more similar to present-day Danes. In our multiproxy dataset, these major demographic events are manifested as parallel shifts in genotype, phenotype, diet and land use.

Information on water balance components such as evapotranspiration and groundwater recharge are crucial for water management. Due to differences in physical conditions, but also due to limited budgets, there is not one universal best practice, but a wide range of different methods with specific advantages and disadvantages. In this study, we propose an approach to quantify actual evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge and water inflow, i.e. precipitation and irrigation, that considers the specific conditions of irrigated agriculture in warm, arid environments. This approach does not require direct measurements of precipitation or irrigation quantities and is therefore suitable for sites with an uncertain data basis. For this purpose, we combine soil moisture and energy balance monitoring, remote sensing data analysis and numerical modelling using Hydrus. Energy balance data and routine weather data serve to estimate ET0. Surface reflectance data from satellite images (Sentinel‐2) are used to derive leaf area indices, which help to partition ET0 into energy limited evaporation and transpiration. Subsequently, first approximations of water inflow are derived based on observed soil moisture changes. These inflow estimates are used in a series of forward simulations that produce initial estimates of drainage and ETact, which in turn help improve the estimate of water inflow. Finally, the improved inflow estimates are incorporated into the model and then a parameter optimization is performed using the observed soil moisture as the reference figure. Forward simulations with calibrated soil parameters result in final estimates for ETact and groundwater recharge. The presented method is applied to an agricultural test site with a crop rotation of cotton and wheat in Punjab, Pakistan. The final model results, with an RMSE of 2.2% in volumetric water content, suggest a cumulative ETact and groundwater recharge of 769 and 297 mm over a period of 281 days, respectively. The t

Organismal functional strategies form a continuum from slow- to fast-growing organisms, in response to common drivers such as resource availability and disturbance. However, whether there is synchronisation of these strategies at the entire community level is unclear. Here, we combine trait data for >2800 above- and belowground taxa from 14 trophic guilds spanning a disturbance and resource availability gradient in German grasslands. The results indicate that most guilds consistently respond to these drivers through both direct and trophically mediated effects, resulting in a ‘slow-fast’ axis at the level of the entire community. Using 15 indicators of carbon and nutrient fluxes, biomass production and decomposition, we also show that fast trait communities are associated with faster rates of ecosystem functioning. These findings demonstrate that ‘slow’ and ‘fast’ strategies can be manifested at the level of whole communities, opening new avenues of ecosystem-level functional classification.

We introduce our novel Bayesian parton density determination code, PartonDensity.jl. The motivation for this new code, the framework and its validation are described. As we show, PartonDensity.jl provides both a flexible environment for the determination of parton densities and a wealth of information concerning the knowledge update provided by the analyzed data set., Comment: To be submitted to PRD, Code available here: https://github.com/cescalara/PartonDensity.jl

The sharing and documentation of cardiovascular research data are essential for efficient use and reuse of data, thereby aiding scientific transparency, accelerating the progress of cardiovascular research and healthcare, and contributing to the reproducibility of research results. However, challenges remain. This position paper, written on behalf of and approved by the German Cardiac Society and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, summarizes our current understanding of the challenges in cardiovascular research data management (RDM). These challenges include lack of time, awareness, incentives, and funding for implementing effective RDM; lack of standardization in RDM processes; a need to better identify meaningful and actionable data among the increasing volume and complexity of data being acquired; and a lack of understanding of the legal aspects of data sharing. While several tools exist to increase the degree to which data are findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR), more work is needed to lower the threshold for effective RDM not just in cardiovascular research but in all biomedical research, with data sharing and reuse being factored in at every stage of the scientific process. A culture of open science with FAIR research data should be fostered through education and training of early-career and established research professionals. Ultimately, FAIR RDM requires permanent, long-term effort at all levels. If outcomes can be shown to be superior and to promote better (and better value) science, modern RDM will make a positive difference to cardiovascular science and practice. The full position paper is available in the supplementary materials.

The amounts and pathways of reactive nitrogen (Nr) losses in Austria into the surface water, soil, and atmosphere were determined under four climate change scenarios for the period 2041–2070. Two nutrient models were used to undertake the analysis at two different scales. Firstly, a semi-empirical, conceptual model (MONERIS) was setup for Austria to calculate the overall annual Nr surpluses, categorise flows of Nr, and identify regional hotspots of Nr losses. Secondly, a physically based eco-hydrological model (SWAT) was setup in three agricultural catchments to determine the hydrological processes related to Nr transport and quantify the amounts transported by various pathways in cropland at a detailed spatial and temporal resolution. The agricultural N surplus calculations for Austria were revised and used as input data for both models. The MONERIS and SWAT simulated inorganic N loads transported into waterbodies are overall similar, with average differences for the subsurface inorganic N loads of ±3 kg ha−1 yr−1 and for surface inorganic N loads of +0.4 to −0.03 kg ha−1 yr−1. Crop level N losses under future climate scenarios was contingent upon the fertilizer type, the crop grown and its accumulated biomass, as well as the type of climate scenario (wet or dry). In the SWAT model, an examination of the sensitivity of the input data (climate data and parameter values) found the dominant contribution to the sensitivity of simulated monthly discharge was from the climate data (69 % to 98 %). For simulating N loads, the climate scenarios contributed 30 % to 89 % of the sensitivity. Simulating Nr flows under climate scenarios is policy relevant to assess critical areas of N losses and identify future N transport pathways. Using a dual-model approach saves on resources required to set up a complex, data intensive model at a large scale, and can focus on critical catchments in deta

The dataset is related to the Horizon 2020 Una.Resin project Work Package 2, co-creation workshop on Research Infrastructures and Resources – RIRs (Task 2.4). The workshop “From mapping to co-creation: Towards a Una Europa Strategy and Action plan for sharing RIRs” was held online on the 23rd of June 2022. The aim was to collect inputs and insights from the RIRs experts and academic communities from all the Una Europa universities to develop the strategy and action plan for sharing RIRs across the universities of the Alliance. The workshop was divided into two parts: (i) Presentations session; (ii) Co-creation exercise. The first part was dedicated to the presentations of two relevant RIRs from the Cultural Heritage and the One Health field and the presentation of key results from the WP2 mapping exercise. The second session was dedicated to an in-depth discussion organized in breakout rooms and involving 6 participants (3 from the field of Cultural Heritage and 3 from the field of One Health) from each partner university: University of Edinburgh (UEDIN), University of Helsinki (UH), University of Bologna (UNIBO), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Freie Universität Berlin (FUB), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Jagiellonian University (JU), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1). A total of 87 people participated in the Presentations session, out of which 62 took part in the Co-creation exercise. During the Co-creation exercise, the results of the mapping exercises were used as driver to stimulate the discussions. In particular, four topics were proposed for the discussion: (i) relevant principles for opening and sharing RIRs across universities; (ii) funding opportunities to stimulate interuniversity cooperation around RIRs; (iii) strengthening skills and knowledge related to RIRs management; (iv) overcoming other barriers to share RIRs. The inputs emerging from the mapping exercises and collected during the co-creation workshop were used by WP

The dataset is related to the Horizon 2020 Una.Resin project Work Package 2 mapping exercise (Task 2.2) on Research Infrastructures and Resources (RIRs). This task, carried out from October to December 2021, intended to map RIRs with the aim of providing a landscape analysis of the RIRs available within the Una Europa universities in the field of One Health, for analyzing specific barriers and enablers to sharing RIRs across the alliance and for exploring opportunities for collaboration. Building on the Focus Area of One Health, the scope of the thematic questionnaire was defined under the thematic challenge “Promoting the wellbeing of human and animals in a sustainable and healthy environment”. A Concept Note, that was developed in collaboration with the Self-Steering Committee One Health, defined the main orientations of the questionnaire, thus providing a clear thematic framework for the identification of the RIRs. Each institution was invited to identify the most important and promising RIRs and provide a maximum of 30 questionnaires. The total number of the RIRs mapped in the field of One Health was 113. The target audience consisted of researchers and experts working in the field of the thematic challenge on One Health, as defined in the Concept Note, with affinity to RIRs. The members of the Research Infrastructure Cluster acted as institutional contacts of the eight Una Europa universities participating in the Una.Resin project: University of Edinburgh (UEDIN), University of Helsinki (UH), University of Bologna (UNIBO), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Freie Universität Berlin (FUB), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Jagiellonian University (JU), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1). They were invited to identify the RIRs and consult the target audience with a methodology that could guarantee the quality of the collected data.

The dataset is related to the Horizon 2020 Una.Resin project Work Package 2 mapping exercise (Task 2.2) on Research Infrastructures and Resources (RIRs). This task was carried out from February to August 2021 and was aimed at understanding and benchmarking the existing strategies, policies and initiatives on RIRs of the eight Una Europa universities participating in the project (University of Edinburgh; University of Helsinki; University of Bologna; Complutense University of Madrid; Freie Universität Berlin; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Jagiellonian University; Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne) in order to identify the complementary strengths, opportunities and barriers for opening-up or sharing research infrastructures and resources across the Alliance. The questionnaire had three specific objectives: (i) to understand the national and regional policies that impact the institutional frameworks on RIRs; (ii) to map and understand the policies, funding mechanisms and organisational models/management of RIRs at the different institutions; (iii) to form an initial idea about the complementary strengths but also the possible barriers for opening or sharing RIRs. The questionnaire was targeted at the research service professionals and policy-makers at each of the eight Una Europa universities.

The dataset is related to the Horizon 2020 Una.Resin project Work Package 2 mapping exercise (Task 2.2) on Research Infrastructures and Resources (RIRs). This task, carried out from July to October 2021, intended to map RIRs with the aim of providing a landscape analysis of the RIRs available within the Una Europa universities in the field of Cultural Heritage, for analyzing specific barriers and enablers to sharing RIRs across the alliance and for exploring opportunities for collaboration. Building on the Focus Area of Cultural Heritage and linking to the Focus Areas of European Studies and Data Science & AI, the scope of the thematic questionnaire was defined under the thematic challenge “Exploring cultural heritage to strengthen inclusion and participative communities”. A Concept Note, that was developed in collaboration with the Self-Steering Committee Cultural Heritage, defined the main orientations of the questionnaire, thus providing a clear thematic framework for the identification of the RIRs. Each institution was invited to identify the most important and promising RIRs and provide a maximum of 30 questionnaires. The total number of the RIRs mapped in the field of Cultural Heritage was 113. The target audience consisted of researchers and experts working in the field of the thematic challenge on Cultural Heritage, as defined in the Concept Note, with affinity to RIRs. The members of the Research Infrastructure Cluster acted as institutional contacts of the eight Una Europa universities participating in the Una.Resin project University of Edinburgh (UEDIN), University of Helsinki (UH), University of Bologna (UNIBO), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Freie Universität Berlin (FUB), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Jagiellonian University (JU), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1). They were invited to identify the RIRs and consult the target audience with a methodology that could guarantee the quality of the collected data.

In this paper, a model predictive control (MPC) based on the Koopman operator framework is presented. This framework, allows to obtain a model solely from data. Moreover, it can be easily updated using a recursive least squares (RLS) approach. This aids the controller to deal with inaccuracies in the model parameters. The performance of the update mechanism can be enhanced by the inclusion of forgetting techniques. One of these is the addition of a constant forgetting factor (CFF) to the update equations. However, this technique can be very sensitive to noise and if the measured signals are not persistently exciting, numerical issues can occur. To avoid the latter, the matrix forgetting factor (MFF) presented in (Bruce et al., 2020) is used. This approach combines two forgetting techniques: variable-rate and variable-direction forgetting, which leads to a higher closed loop performance of the proposed controller.

The European XFEL is one of the largest linear particle accelerator in the world used to generate extremely intense and ultra short X-Ray flashes to study ultra fast, time resolved chemical processes. In order to improve the quality of the observations, the laser-based optical synchronization system is optimized by tuning PI controllers using a safe Bayesian optimization approach. Since machine time on the European XFEL is very expensive, the algorithm needs to find the optimal parameters as fast as possible. In this contribution, we present a safe Bayesian optimization algorithm which, while guaranteeing safety, shows significantly improved convergence speed and noise robustness. Application and comparison results are presented in simulation for the optical synchronization system of the European XFEL and an experimental demonstration is performed for a laboratory synchronization system.

The role of unsteadiness in the aerodynamics of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWT) remains a subject of discussion among the research community. Therefore, it must be investigated whether and to what extent transient aerodynamic phenomena impact the loads of a wind turbine rotor undergoing motions in unsteady winds. The study of transient aerodynamic phenomena is closely linked to the question of whether the modern Blade Element Momentum Theory (BEMT) methods can be considered reliable for the simulation of FOWTs. In this work, investigations are carried out to identify the relevant transient aerodynamic phenomena and quantify their effects on the torque and thrust of the Floatgen wind turbine. A free-wake panel method is utilised to identify and quantify transient parts of the load response to a set of simplified unsteady scenarios: a wind gust, a harmonic surge motion and a rotor speed oscillation. Transient contributions to the load behaviour of the wind turbine can be identified in all scenarios under consideration. In addition, the ability of a state-of-the-art BEMT method to model the identified transient contributions is evaluated. While an agreement of the qualitative impact of the transient aerodynamic phenomena at moderate motion frequencies is found, a contradicting behaviour of the simulation models becomes apparent at high motion frequencies. This indicates the presence of a transient, three-dimensional wake effect that cannot be reproduced by the common unsteady corrections for BEMT methods.