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“Swamp Things” demonstrates the roots of Trumpism through a case study of the hinterland strongman Leander Perez, who ruled Plaquemines Parish in southern Louisiana from the 1920s through the 1960s. Perez considered the parish his own watery white-supremacist empire, where racist practices went hand in hand in with environmentally destructive activities, such as oil drilling and petrochemical production. In the liquid subtropical hinterlands of the U.S. South, racialized, authoritarian regimes of labor and resource extraction developed anew after the demise of slavery. The politics of these regimes finally materialized at the federal level when Donald Trump, the landlord of Mar-a-Lago (“Sea-to-Lake”), became president. His promise to “drain the swamp” had very specific connotations that harken back to the days of Leander Perez.

Questions: Does urbanization promote biotic differentiation or homogenization of swamp plant communities? What is the contribution of natives and exotics to swamp response to urbanization? Location: Quebec City, Canada. Methods: Plant communities of 34 swamps located in low, moderately or highly urbanized landscapes were sampled, and species classified into three exclusive groups: native wetland, native upland and exotic plants. Urbanization's influence on the richness of each plant group was assessed using mixed models. Between-site compositional similarities were calculated to identify variations in beta diversity with urbanization level using tests for homogeneity in multivariate dispersion. Beta diversity was further partitioned into species replacement and richness difference for each plant group. Finally, the relationships of ten environmental variables representing soil water saturation and microtopography with plant assemblages were determined by redundancy analysis. Results: Although the richness of exotics increased with urbanization intensity, revealing increasing propagule pressure, it remained six to 27 times lower compared to the richness of natives, which remained stable with urbanization. On the other hand, beta diversity increased with urbanization, with higher dissimilarities in species composition between highly urbanized swamps than between low-urbanized ones. This pattern resulted from high species replacement among natives, while richness difference mainly contributed to exotic beta diversity. Changes in plant assemblages were mostly associated with bryophyte cover and soil drainage and red mottle size, suggesting that hydrological conditions likely acted as a strong driver of swamp plant community response to urbanization. Conclusions: Swamp plant communities experienced biotic differentiation with increasing urbanization. This differentiation pattern likely was linked to the unpredict-able effect of urbanization on hydrological regimes, which

The recent spreads of Carcinus maenas alongside parts of the worldwide shorelines indicate the importance of further experiments concerning the behavior of this invasive member of the family Portunidae. The na- tural habitat of these crabs ranges from open sand beaches and marshes to the preferred rocky coasts, which provide better protection and more accessible nutriments. In order to determine what factors influenced territorial behavior of Carcinus maenas we designed laboratory experiments. Each crab was provided with a small shelter and we investigated if and when a crab is able to defend its hideout. We examined the influ- ence of sex, size, and starting position on the success rate. We discovered that the size had the main impact on the outcome of the struggle for shelter. Sex and starting position had minor impacts on the outcome of the experiments., Die jüngsten Verbreitungen von Carcinus maenas entlang von Teilen der weltweiten Küstenlinien weisen auf die Bedeutung weiterer Experimente zum Verhalten dieses invasiven Mitglieds der Familie Portunidae hin. Der natürliche Lebensraum dieser Krabben reicht von offenen Sandstränden und Sümpfen bis hin zu den bevorzugten Felsküsten, die besseren Schutz und besser zugängliche Nährstoffe bieten. Um herauszufinden, welche Faktoren das Territorialverhalten von Carcinus maenas beeinflussten, haben wir Laborexperimente entworfen. Jeder Krabbe wurde ein kleiner Unterschlupf zur Verfügung gestellt und wir untersuchten, ob und wann eine Krabbe ihr Versteck verteidigen kann. Wir untersuchten den Einfluss von Geschlecht, Größe und Ausgangsposition auf die Erfolgsquote. Wir stellten fest, dass die Größe den Haupteinfluss auf den Ausgang des Kampfes um Unterkunft hatte. Geschlecht und Ausgangsposition hatten einen geringen Einfluss auf das Ergebnis der Experimente., Peer Reviewed

Il presente lavoro delinea le metamorfosi che il paesaggio della campagna ha subito nel cuore della Pianura Padana nei secoli VIII-XIII. Viene presa in esame la documentazione edita e inedita riguardante il territorio mantovano e in modo particolare la zona a ridosso del fiume Po. Per seguire i cambiamenti che l’area oggetto d’esame subì nel periodo considerato ci si soffermerà sulla presenza di aziende agrarie grandi e piccole nell’alto medioevo e i successivi interventi volti a ampliare le superfici coltivate. In quei secoli gli uomini, soprattutto per iniziativa soprattutto della Chiesa mantovana e del monastero di San Benedetto Polirone (ma anche il comune cittadino fra XII e XIII secolo favorì la messa a coltura di zone boschive), iniziarono una vera e propria lotta all’incolto con opere di disboscamento e di bonifica delle paludi, attività che qualche volta dovettero essere inutili per la forza delle acque: ciò emerge con evidenza soprattutto relativamente alle terre del monastero di San Benedetto grazie ad alcune lunghe deposizioni rese nel corso di una controversia. Tuttavia al principio del secolo XIII in vari luoghi le terre coltivate avevano preso il posto dei boschi tanto che risultavano essere “ad usum panis reducte”., This essay depicts the transformation that the agricultural landscape underwent in the Po valley between the 8th and 13th centuries. Documents concerning the Mantuan territory, and especially the area next to the Po river, were taken into consideration. Mainly at the behest of the Mantuan Church and of Saint Benedict Polirone’s monastery, people started to chop trees down and to reclaim swamps, which often resulted in being useless owing to the water strength. However, at the beginning of the 13th century farmed fields had already replaced plenty of woods, which turned out to be “ad usum panis reducte”.

“M'exalta el nou i m'enamora el vell“ va escriure el poeta J.V. Foix al 1947. En aquest article us presentem una historia vella de fa un mil·lenni, i un projecte nou de sols deu anys. Tots dos transcorren al mateix lloc de la plana mitja de la Tordera, al peu de la serra d’en Solà d’en Forn i del Serrat de les Llobateres, al vèrtex nord-est de Montnegre. Una història que ens enamora i un projecte que ens exalta., Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::6 - Aigua Neta i Sanejament, Postprint (published version)

Il presente lavoro delinea le metamorfosi che il paesaggio della campagna ha subito nel cuore della Pianura Padana nei secoli VIII-XIII. Viene presa in esame la documentazione edita e inedita riguardante il territorio mantovano e in modo particolare la zona a ridosso del fiume Po. Per seguire i cambiamenti che l’area oggetto d’esame subì nel periodo considerato ci si soffermerà sulla presenza di aziende agrarie grandi e piccole nell’alto medioevo e i successivi interventi volti a ampliare le superfici coltivate. In quei secoli gli uomini, soprattutto per iniziativa soprattutto della Chiesa mantovana e del monastero di San Benedetto Polirone (ma anche il comune cittadino fra XII e XIII secolo favorì la messa a coltura di zone boschive), iniziarono una vera e propria lotta all’incolto con opere di disboscamento e di bonifica delle paludi, attività che qualche volta dovettero essere inutili per la forza delle acque: ciò emerge con evidenza soprattutto relativamente alle terre del monastero di San Benedetto grazie ad alcune lunghe deposizioni rese nel corso di una controversia. Tuttavia al principio del secolo XIII in vari luoghi le terre coltivate avevano preso il posto dei boschi tanto che risultavano essere “ad usum panis reducte”., This essay depicts the transformation that the agricultural landscape underwent in the Po valley between the 8th and 13th centuries. Documents concerning the Mantuan territory, and especially the area next to the Po river, were taken into consideration. Mainly at the behest of the Mantuan Church and of Saint Benedict Polirone’s monastery, people started to chop trees down and to reclaim swamps, which often resulted in being useless owing to the water strength. However, at the beginning of the 13th century farmed fields had already replaced plenty of woods, which turned out to be “ad usum panis reducte”.

The recent spreads of Carcinus maenas alongside parts of the worldwide shorelines indicate the importance of further experiments concerning the behavior of this invasive member of the family Portunidae. The na- tural habitat of these crabs ranges from open sand beaches and marshes to the preferred rocky coasts, which provide better protection and more accessible nutriments. In order to determine what factors influenced territorial behavior of Carcinus maenas we designed laboratory experiments. Each crab was provided with a small shelter and we investigated if and when a crab is able to defend its hideout. We examined the influ- ence of sex, size, and starting position on the success rate. We discovered that the size had the main impact on the outcome of the struggle for shelter. Sex and starting position had minor impacts on the outcome of the experiments., Die jüngsten Verbreitungen von Carcinus maenas entlang von Teilen der weltweiten Küstenlinien weisen auf die Bedeutung weiterer Experimente zum Verhalten dieses invasiven Mitglieds der Familie Portunidae hin. Der natürliche Lebensraum dieser Krabben reicht von offenen Sandstränden und Sümpfen bis hin zu den bevorzugten Felsküsten, die besseren Schutz und besser zugängliche Nährstoffe bieten. Um herauszufinden, welche Faktoren das Territorialverhalten von Carcinus maenas beeinflussten, haben wir Laborexperimente entworfen. Jeder Krabbe wurde ein kleiner Unterschlupf zur Verfügung gestellt und wir untersuchten, ob und wann eine Krabbe ihr Versteck verteidigen kann. Wir untersuchten den Einfluss von Geschlecht, Größe und Ausgangsposition auf die Erfolgsquote. Wir stellten fest, dass die Größe den Haupteinfluss auf den Ausgang des Kampfes um Unterkunft hatte. Geschlecht und Ausgangsposition hatten einen geringen Einfluss auf das Ergebnis der Experimente., Peer Reviewed

In a large part of Russia, winter lasts for more than 4 months. This leads to the formation of river and lake ice, underground ice and ice of various types, freezing of soil, etc. All these phenomena affect the flow of rivers to one degree or another. In a warming climate, especially in winter, the flow-forming role of these processes is reduced. Since it has not yet been evaluated, the question of its significance in the hydrological regime is becoming more and more relevant. The purpose of the article is to assess the cumulative impact of many cryogenic phenomena and processes that form and occur in riverbeds, in catchments, swamps and wetlands, in soils, fractured and loose rocks on the underground nutrition of Russian rivers. The methodology is based on the idea that the intra-annual variability of the reservoir reserves of underground aquifers feeding large rivers is insignificant. Based on this, it is assumed that the difference in the supply of rivers with underground water in the winter and summer periods determines the influence of the entire set of cryogenic processes. The difference between the winter and summer inter-soil flow of rivers was determined using maps of the summer and winter minimum 30-day flow of 80% security. As a result of calculations, it is established that cryogenic phenomena and processes control 492 km3/year of water resources in Russia. Including: in the European territory – 23; the Urals and Western Siberia – 36; Middle, North-Eastern Siberia and the far East – 433 km3/year. In other words, air temperature plays a significant role in the formation of almost 20% of the total annual flow of rivers in Russia's temperate and Northern latitudes with a stable winter. The current and projected increase in winter air temperature in these territories may gradually lead to a weakening of cryogenic regulation of runoff and to noticeable changes in the water regime, На значительной части территории России зима длится более 4 месяцев. Это приводит к образованию речного и озерного льдов, подземных льдов и наледей различного вида, промерзанию почвогрунтов и так далее. Все эти явления в той или иной степени влияют на сток рек. В условиях потепления климата, особенно в зимний период, стокоформирующая роль этих процессов снижается. Так как она до сих пор не оценена, то вопрос о ее значимости в гидрологическом режиме становится все более актуальным. Цель статьи – выполнить оценку совокупного влияния на подземное питание рек России многих криогенных явлений и процессов, формирующихся и происходящих в руслах рек, на водосборах, болотах и заболоченных территориях, в почво-грунтах, трещиноватых и рыхлых горных породах. В основе методики заложено представление о том, что внутригодовая изменчивость емкостных запасов подземных водоносных горизонтов, питающих большие реки, незначительна. Исходя из этого принято, что разница в питании рек подземными водами в зимнюю и летнюю межень определяет влияние всей совокупности криогенных процессов. Определение разницы между зимним и летним меженным стоком рек выполнено по картам летнего и зимнего минимального 30-ти суточного стока 80% обеспеченности. В результате расчетов установлено, что криогенные явления и процессы контролируют 492 км3/год водных ресурсов России. В том числе: на европейской территории – 23; Урале и Западной Сибири – 36; Средней, Северо-Восточной Сибири и Дальнем Востоке – 433 км3/год. То есть в формировании почти 20% суммарного годового стока рек умеренных и северных широт России с устойчивой зимой значительную роль играет температура воздуха. Происходящее и прогнозируемое повышение зимней температуры воздуха на этих территориях может постепенно привести к ослаблению криогенного регулирования стока и к заметным изменениям в водном режиме

In a large part of Russia, winter lasts for more than 4 months. This leads to the formation of river and lake ice, underground ice and ice of various types, freezing of soil, etc. All these phenomena affect the flow of rivers to one degree or another. In a warming climate, especially in winter, the flow-forming role of these processes is reduced. Since it has not yet been evaluated, the question of its significance in the hydrological regime is becoming more and more relevant. The purpose of the article is to assess the cumulative impact of many cryogenic phenomena and processes that form and occur in riverbeds, in catchments, swamps and wetlands, in soils, fractured and loose rocks on the underground nutrition of Russian rivers. The methodology is based on the idea that the intra-annual variability of the reservoir reserves of underground aquifers feeding large rivers is insignificant. Based on this, it is assumed that the difference in the supply of rivers with underground water in the winter and summer periods determines the influence of the entire set of cryogenic processes. The difference between the winter and summer inter-soil flow of rivers was determined using maps of the summer and winter minimum 30-day flow of 80% security. As a result of calculations, it is established that cryogenic phenomena and processes control 492 km3/year of water resources in Russia. Including: in the European territory – 23; the Urals and Western Siberia – 36; Middle, North-Eastern Siberia and the far East – 433 km3/year. In other words, air temperature plays a significant role in the formation of almost 20% of the total annual flow of rivers in Russia's temperate and Northern latitudes with a stable winter. The current and projected increase in winter air temperature in these territories may gradually lead to a weakening of cryogenic regulation of runoff and to noticeable changes in the water regime, На значительной части территории России зима длится более 4 месяцев. Это приводит к образованию речного и озерного льдов, подземных льдов и наледей различного вида, промерзанию почвогрунтов и так далее. Все эти явления в той или иной степени влияют на сток рек. В условиях потепления климата, особенно в зимний период, стокоформирующая роль этих процессов снижается. Так как она до сих пор не оценена, то вопрос о ее значимости в гидрологическом режиме становится все более актуальным. Цель статьи – выполнить оценку совокупного влияния на подземное питание рек России многих криогенных явлений и процессов, формирующихся и происходящих в руслах рек, на водосборах, болотах и заболоченных территориях, в почво-грунтах, трещиноватых и рыхлых горных породах. В основе методики заложено представление о том, что внутригодовая изменчивость емкостных запасов подземных водоносных горизонтов, питающих большие реки, незначительна. Исходя из этого принято, что разница в питании рек подземными водами в зимнюю и летнюю межень определяет влияние всей совокупности криогенных процессов. Определение разницы между зимним и летним меженным стоком рек выполнено по картам летнего и зимнего минимального 30-ти суточного стока 80% обеспеченности. В результате расчетов установлено, что криогенные явления и процессы контролируют 492 км3/год водных ресурсов России. В том числе: на европейской территории – 23; Урале и Западной Сибири – 36; Средней, Северо-Восточной Сибири и Дальнем Востоке – 433 км3/год. То есть в формировании почти 20% суммарного годового стока рек умеренных и северных широт России с устойчивой зимой значительную роль играет температура воздуха. Происходящее и прогнозируемое повышение зимней температуры воздуха на этих территориях может постепенно привести к ослаблению криогенного регулирования стока и к заметным изменениям в водном режиме

In a large part of Russia, winter lasts for more than 4 months. This leads to the formation of river and lake ice, underground ice and ice of various types, freezing of soil, etc. All these phenomena affect the flow of rivers to one degree or another. In a warming climate, especially in winter, the flow-forming role of these processes is reduced. Since it has not yet been evaluated, the question of its significance in the hydrological regime is becoming more and more relevant. The purpose of the article is to assess the cumulative impact of many cryogenic phenomena and processes that form and occur in riverbeds, in catchments, swamps and wetlands, in soils, fractured and loose rocks on the underground nutrition of Russian rivers. The methodology is based on the idea that the intra-annual variability of the reservoir reserves of underground aquifers feeding large rivers is insignificant. Based on this, it is assumed that the difference in the supply of rivers with underground water in the winter and summer periods determines the influence of the entire set of cryogenic processes. The difference between the winter and summer inter-soil flow of rivers was determined using maps of the summer and winter minimum 30-day flow of 80% security. As a result of calculations, it is established that cryogenic phenomena and processes control 492 km3/year of water resources in Russia. Including: in the European territory – 23; the Urals and Western Siberia – 36; Middle, North-Eastern Siberia and the far East – 433 km3/year. In other words, air temperature plays a significant role in the formation of almost 20% of the total annual flow of rivers in Russia's temperate and Northern latitudes with a stable winter. The current and projected increase in winter air temperature in these territories may gradually lead to a weakening of cryogenic regulation of runoff and to noticeable changes in the water regime, На значительной части территории России зима длится более 4 месяцев. Это приводит к образованию речного и озерного льдов, подземных льдов и наледей различного вида, промерзанию почвогрунтов и так далее. Все эти явления в той или иной степени влияют на сток рек. В условиях потепления климата, особенно в зимний период, стокоформирующая роль этих процессов снижается. Так как она до сих пор не оценена, то вопрос о ее значимости в гидрологическом режиме становится все более актуальным. Цель статьи – выполнить оценку совокупного влияния на подземное питание рек России многих криогенных явлений и процессов, формирующихся и происходящих в руслах рек, на водосборах, болотах и заболоченных территориях, в почво-грунтах, трещиноватых и рыхлых горных породах. В основе методики заложено представление о том, что внутригодовая изменчивость емкостных запасов подземных водоносных горизонтов, питающих большие реки, незначительна. Исходя из этого принято, что разница в питании рек подземными водами в зимнюю и летнюю межень определяет влияние всей совокупности криогенных процессов. Определение разницы между зимним и летним меженным стоком рек выполнено по картам летнего и зимнего минимального 30-ти суточного стока 80% обеспеченности. В результате расчетов установлено, что криогенные явления и процессы контролируют 492 км3/год водных ресурсов России. В том числе: на европейской территории – 23; Урале и Западной Сибири – 36; Средней, Северо-Восточной Сибири и Дальнем Востоке – 433 км3/год. То есть в формировании почти 20% суммарного годового стока рек умеренных и северных широт России с устойчивой зимой значительную роль играет температура воздуха. Происходящее и прогнозируемое повышение зимней температуры воздуха на этих территориях может постепенно привести к ослаблению криогенного регулирования стока и к заметным изменениям в водном режиме

In a large part of Russia, winter lasts for more than 4 months. This leads to the formation of river and lake ice, underground ice and ice of various types, freezing of soil, etc. All these phenomena affect the flow of rivers to one degree or another. In a warming climate, especially in winter, the flow-forming role of these processes is reduced. Since it has not yet been evaluated, the question of its significance in the hydrological regime is becoming more and more relevant. The purpose of the article is to assess the cumulative impact of many cryogenic phenomena and processes that form and occur in riverbeds, in catchments, swamps and wetlands, in soils, fractured and loose rocks on the underground nutrition of Russian rivers. The methodology is based on the idea that the intra-annual variability of the reservoir reserves of underground aquifers feeding large rivers is insignificant. Based on this, it is assumed that the difference in the supply of rivers with underground water in the winter and summer periods determines the influence of the entire set of cryogenic processes. The difference between the winter and summer inter-soil flow of rivers was determined using maps of the summer and winter minimum 30-day flow of 80% security. As a result of calculations, it is established that cryogenic phenomena and processes control 492 km3/year of water resources in Russia. Including: in the European territory – 23; the Urals and Western Siberia – 36; Middle, North-Eastern Siberia and the far East – 433 km3/year. In other words, air temperature plays a significant role in the formation of almost 20% of the total annual flow of rivers in Russia's temperate and Northern latitudes with a stable winter. The current and projected increase in winter air temperature in these territories may gradually lead to a weakening of cryogenic regulation of runoff and to noticeable changes in the water regime, На значительной части территории России зима длится более 4 месяцев. Это приводит к образованию речного и озерного льдов, подземных льдов и наледей различного вида, промерзанию почвогрунтов и так далее. Все эти явления в той или иной степени влияют на сток рек. В условиях потепления климата, особенно в зимний период, стокоформирующая роль этих процессов снижается. Так как она до сих пор не оценена, то вопрос о ее значимости в гидрологическом режиме становится все более актуальным. Цель статьи – выполнить оценку совокупного влияния на подземное питание рек России многих криогенных явлений и процессов, формирующихся и происходящих в руслах рек, на водосборах, болотах и заболоченных территориях, в почво-грунтах, трещиноватых и рыхлых горных породах. В основе методики заложено представление о том, что внутригодовая изменчивость емкостных запасов подземных водоносных горизонтов, питающих большие реки, незначительна. Исходя из этого принято, что разница в питании рек подземными водами в зимнюю и летнюю межень определяет влияние всей совокупности криогенных процессов. Определение разницы между зимним и летним меженным стоком рек выполнено по картам летнего и зимнего минимального 30-ти суточного стока 80% обеспеченности. В результате расчетов установлено, что криогенные явления и процессы контролируют 492 км3/год водных ресурсов России. В том числе: на европейской территории – 23; Урале и Западной Сибири – 36; Средней, Северо-Восточной Сибири и Дальнем Востоке – 433 км3/год. То есть в формировании почти 20% суммарного годового стока рек умеренных и северных широт России с устойчивой зимой значительную роль играет температура воздуха. Происходящее и прогнозируемое повышение зимней температуры воздуха на этих территориях может постепенно привести к ослаблению криогенного регулирования стока и к заметным изменениям в водном режиме

In a large part of Russia, winter lasts for more than 4 months. This leads to the formation of river and lake ice, underground ice and ice of various types, freezing of soil, etc. All these phenomena affect the flow of rivers to one degree or another. In a warming climate, especially in winter, the flow-forming role of these processes is reduced. Since it has not yet been evaluated, the question of its significance in the hydrological regime is becoming more and more relevant. The purpose of the article is to assess the cumulative impact of many cryogenic phenomena and processes that form and occur in riverbeds, in catchments, swamps and wetlands, in soils, fractured and loose rocks on the underground nutrition of Russian rivers. The methodology is based on the idea that the intra-annual variability of the reservoir reserves of underground aquifers feeding large rivers is insignificant. Based on this, it is assumed that the difference in the supply of rivers with underground water in the winter and summer periods determines the influence of the entire set of cryogenic processes. The difference between the winter and summer inter-soil flow of rivers was determined using maps of the summer and winter minimum 30-day flow of 80% security. As a result of calculations, it is established that cryogenic phenomena and processes control 492 km3/year of water resources in Russia. Including: in the European territory – 23; the Urals and Western Siberia – 36; Middle, North-Eastern Siberia and the far East – 433 km3/year. In other words, air temperature plays a significant role in the formation of almost 20% of the total annual flow of rivers in Russia's temperate and Northern latitudes with a stable winter. The current and projected increase in winter air temperature in these territories may gradually lead to a weakening of cryogenic regulation of runoff and to noticeable changes in the water regime, На значительной части территории России зима длится более 4 месяцев. Это приводит к образованию речного и озерного льдов, подземных льдов и наледей различного вида, промерзанию почвогрунтов и так далее. Все эти явления в той или иной степени влияют на сток рек. В условиях потепления климата, особенно в зимний период, стокоформирующая роль этих процессов снижается. Так как она до сих пор не оценена, то вопрос о ее значимости в гидрологическом режиме становится все более актуальным. Цель статьи – выполнить оценку совокупного влияния на подземное питание рек России многих криогенных явлений и процессов, формирующихся и происходящих в руслах рек, на водосборах, болотах и заболоченных территориях, в почво-грунтах, трещиноватых и рыхлых горных породах. В основе методики заложено представление о том, что внутригодовая изменчивость емкостных запасов подземных водоносных горизонтов, питающих большие реки, незначительна. Исходя из этого принято, что разница в питании рек подземными водами в зимнюю и летнюю межень определяет влияние всей совокупности криогенных процессов. Определение разницы между зимним и летним меженным стоком рек выполнено по картам летнего и зимнего минимального 30-ти суточного стока 80% обеспеченности. В результате расчетов установлено, что криогенные явления и процессы контролируют 492 км3/год водных ресурсов России. В том числе: на европейской территории – 23; Урале и Западной Сибири – 36; Средней, Северо-Восточной Сибири и Дальнем Востоке – 433 км3/год. То есть в формировании почти 20% суммарного годового стока рек умеренных и северных широт России с устойчивой зимой значительную роль играет температура воздуха. Происходящее и прогнозируемое повышение зимней температуры воздуха на этих территориях может постепенно привести к ослаблению криогенного регулирования стока и к заметным изменениям в водном режиме

In a large part of Russia, winter lasts for more than 4 months. This leads to the formation of river and lake ice, underground ice and ice of various types, freezing of soil, etc. All these phenomena affect the flow of rivers to one degree or another. In a warming climate, especially in winter, the flow-forming role of these processes is reduced. Since it has not yet been evaluated, the question of its significance in the hydrological regime is becoming more and more relevant. The purpose of the article is to assess the cumulative impact of many cryogenic phenomena and processes that form and occur in riverbeds, in catchments, swamps and wetlands, in soils, fractured and loose rocks on the underground nutrition of Russian rivers. The methodology is based on the idea that the intra-annual variability of the reservoir reserves of underground aquifers feeding large rivers is insignificant. Based on this, it is assumed that the difference in the supply of rivers with underground water in the winter and summer periods determines the influence of the entire set of cryogenic processes. The difference between the winter and summer inter-soil flow of rivers was determined using maps of the summer and winter minimum 30-day flow of 80% security. As a result of calculations, it is established that cryogenic phenomena and processes control 492 km3/year of water resources in Russia. Including: in the European territory – 23; the Urals and Western Siberia – 36; Middle, North-Eastern Siberia and the far East – 433 km3/year. In other words, air temperature plays a significant role in the formation of almost 20% of the total annual flow of rivers in Russia's temperate and Northern latitudes with a stable winter. The current and projected increase in winter air temperature in these territories may gradually lead to a weakening of cryogenic regulation of runoff and to noticeable changes in the water regime, На значительной части территории России зима длится более 4 месяцев. Это приводит к образованию речного и озерного льдов, подземных льдов и наледей различного вида, промерзанию почвогрунтов и так далее. Все эти явления в той или иной степени влияют на сток рек. В условиях потепления климата, особенно в зимний период, стокоформирующая роль этих процессов снижается. Так как она до сих пор не оценена, то вопрос о ее значимости в гидрологическом режиме становится все более актуальным. Цель статьи – выполнить оценку совокупного влияния на подземное питание рек России многих криогенных явлений и процессов, формирующихся и происходящих в руслах рек, на водосборах, болотах и заболоченных территориях, в почво-грунтах, трещиноватых и рыхлых горных породах. В основе методики заложено представление о том, что внутригодовая изменчивость емкостных запасов подземных водоносных горизонтов, питающих большие реки, незначительна. Исходя из этого принято, что разница в питании рек подземными водами в зимнюю и летнюю межень определяет влияние всей совокупности криогенных процессов. Определение разницы между зимним и летним меженным стоком рек выполнено по картам летнего и зимнего минимального 30-ти суточного стока 80% обеспеченности. В результате расчетов установлено, что криогенные явления и процессы контролируют 492 км3/год водных ресурсов России. В том числе: на европейской территории – 23; Урале и Западной Сибири – 36; Средней, Северо-Восточной Сибири и Дальнем Востоке – 433 км3/год. То есть в формировании почти 20% суммарного годового стока рек умеренных и северных широт России с устойчивой зимой значительную роль играет температура воздуха. Происходящее и прогнозируемое повышение зимней температуры воздуха на этих территориях может постепенно привести к ослаблению криогенного регулирования стока и к заметным изменениям в водном режиме

Cuitlahuac, present-day Tláhuac in southern Mexico City, was an ancient realm situated on an island separating the lakes of Xochimilco and Chalco. This habitat determined the lives of its inhabitants since its foundation until well into the colonial period, as their main economic activity was fishing. However, at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth century the damage made to the environment meant significant transformations to this habitat and therewith to the means of life in the region. Today, Tláhuac is known as one of the autochthonous towns (pueblos originarios) of Mexico City, which, beset by the ever-growing urban sprawl, is fighting to conserve some of the traditions emerging from its profound historical roots. The objective of this article is to offer a panoramic view of Cuitlahuac people during the colonial period and, particularly, of its relationship with the lakes. The focus will be two fundamental aspects of its subsistence economy: a) the fishing, activity that provided the inhabitants with food and merchandise; b) the rental of swamps for the grazing cows that provided meat to Mexico City. A number of legal cases will be discussed in order to show the colonial regulations that existed concerning the lakes: the rental contracts of its waters that were written up, as well as how these were breached, the consequent disputes that arose, and how these were settled., Cuitlahuac, la actual Tláhuac, al sur de la Ciudad de México, fue un antiguo señorío asentado en un islote entre los lagos de Xochimilco y Chalco. Ese entorno determinó la vida de sus habitantes, cuya actividad predominante fue la pesca, desde los orígenes de su historia hasta bien entrado el periodo colonial. Fueron las agresiones medioambientales de finales del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX las que acabaron por transformar significativamente su entorno y medio de vida. Hoy día, Tláhuac se erige como uno de los pueblos originarios de la Ciudad de México que, acosado por la mancha urbana de esta megalópolis, lucha por preservar algunas de sus tradiciones de hondas raíces históricas. El objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer un panorama de la vida de los pobladores de Cuitlahuac durante la Colonia, en especial en su relación con el agua. Por ello nos centraremos en dos aspectos fundamentales de su economía de subsistencia: a) la pesca con la que sus habitantes se alimentaban y comerciaban; b) la renta de sus ciénagas para el pastoreo de las vacas de los abastecedores de carne de la Ciudad de México. Lo haremos acompañados de algunos casos de estudio que nos permitirán conocer la regulación colonial que existía en torno a la laguna, los contratos de arrendamiento de sus aguas, sus incumplimientos, las disputas que ocasionaban, y cómo estas se dirimían.

Cuitlahuac, present-day Tláhuac in southern Mexico City, was an ancient realm situated on an island separating the lakes of Xochimilco and Chalco. This habitat determined the lives of its inhabitants since its foundation until well into the colonial period, as their main economic activity was fishing. However, at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth century the damage made to the environment meant significant transformations to this habitat and therewith to the means of life in the region. Today, Tláhuac is known as one of the autochthonous towns (pueblos originarios) of Mexico City, which, beset by the ever-growing urban sprawl, is fighting to conserve some of the traditions emerging from its profound historical roots. The objective of this article is to offer a panoramic view of Cuitlahuac people during the colonial period and, particularly, of its relationship with the lakes. The focus will be two fundamental aspects of its subsistence economy: a) the fishing, activity that provided the inhabitants with food and merchandise; b) the rental of swamps for the grazing cows that provided meat to Mexico City. A number of legal cases will be discussed in order to show the colonial regulations that existed concerning the lakes: the rental contracts of its waters that were written up, as well as how these were breached, the consequent disputes that arose, and how these were settled., Cuitlahuac, la actual Tláhuac, al sur de la Ciudad de México, fue un antiguo señorío asentado en un islote entre los lagos de Xochimilco y Chalco. Ese entorno determinó la vida de sus habitantes, cuya actividad predominante fue la pesca, desde los orígenes de su historia hasta bien entrado el periodo colonial. Fueron las agresiones medioambientales de finales del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX las que acabaron por transformar significativamente su entorno y medio de vida. Hoy día, Tláhuac se erige como uno de los pueblos originarios de la Ciudad de México que, acosado por la mancha urbana de esta megalópolis, lucha por preservar algunas de sus tradiciones de hondas raíces históricas. El objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer un panorama de la vida de los pobladores de Cuitlahuac durante la Colonia, en especial en su relación con el agua. Por ello nos centraremos en dos aspectos fundamentales de su economía de subsistencia: a) la pesca con la que sus habitantes se alimentaban y comerciaban; b) la renta de sus ciénagas para el pastoreo de las vacas de los abastecedores de carne de la Ciudad de México. Lo haremos acompañados de algunos casos de estudio que nos permitirán conocer la regulación colonial que existía en torno a la laguna, los contratos de arrendamiento de sus aguas, sus incumplimientos, las disputas que ocasionaban, y cómo estas se dirimían.

An important aspect of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which aims to limit the increase in global temperature to 1.5 degrees C by 2050, has been the development of monitoring and evaluation plans that integrate climate change perspectives into new policies and programs for the protection and functioning of ecological systems. These include measures that enhance adaptive capacity, strengthen resilience and reduce vulnerability to climate change. Ecosystem change and the interaction of the different drivers of change in ecosystems have been studied at different temporal and spatial scales across different disciplines. However, the use of long temporal records documenting environmental and climatic change in understanding the impacts of the interacting drivers of change and planning sustainable use of resources is relatively new. We present examples of the use of palaeoecological data from East Africa in planning for the long-term sustainable use of natural resources by providing long-term historical perspectives on human-environment-societal-wildlife interactions and engagement with the biocultural heritage and societal evaluations of these spaces to achieve an increasingly diverse set of conservation, social and economic objectives. We link the Earth system processes whose associated boundaries can be directly related to sustainable development goals in our attempt to prevent unacceptable environmental change. The realisation that humans are having a significant impact on climate and landscapes means we now need to showcase the societal relevance of palaeoecological research and utilise its output especially in our efforts to remain within a safe operating space for humanity and ecosystems.

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo el estudio de las etapas de diseño e implementación de un automatismo programado relacionado con un proceso real en el sector agrícola. En este sentido, en las últimas décadas se han incrementado prácticas agrícolas para el aumento de producción mediante la optimización de los sistemas de riego y adición de fertilizantes a los cultivos. Esta práctica ha ocasionado una serie de impactos directos sobre los recursos hídricos, como por ejemplo la contaminación de acuíferos, haciendo necesario la consideración de nuevas medidas de explotación de los recursos, más eficiente y sostenible. De hecho, en la actualidad, se disponen de procesos que permiten la reutilización directa en el agua de riego agrícola mediante la realización de diferentes tratamientos naturales. Bajo este marco de trabajo, este proyecto aborda las diferentes etapas para la realización de un proceso automatizado sobre unos humedales donde se realizan una serie de tratamientos. La automatización de estos procesos tiene como objetivo obtener una mayor eficiencia y productividad de los sistemas de explotación y, en consecuencia, impactar positivamente en la preservación del medio ambiente

Underground mining developments in many areas have little influence on surface waters and ecosystems, however, there are considerable risks in some locations due to ground movement and subsidence. Many swamps are mapped in the proximity of underground coal mines on the Newnes Plateau, Eastern Australia. These swamp ecosystems depend on wet and moist conditions, however there is concern that effects of mining may reduce groundwater flow and contribute to drying of swamps. We collected water and organic matter samples from three swamps near longwall panels prior to their extraction to complement baseline studies of the swamps. We use the geochemistry of water samples along with carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) of organic matter to provide information on the functioning of this ecosystem. Results of δ13C and δ15N indicated that microbial activity is highest from surface to 60 cm depth, decreasing with depth and confirms organic matter sources. Hydrogeochemistry indicates that rainfall quickly reaches groundwater and that its residence time is relatively short. Natural seasonal trends in geochemistry indicate dissolution of plagioclase and mobilisation of Mg and no change in naturally occurring trace metal concentrations.

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El reciente marco regulatorio del sector saneamiento (2017-2018) del Ministerio de Vivienda Construcción y Saneamiento del Perú, considera como prioridad el fortalecimiento de las capacidades locales en el ambito del tratamiento de aguas residuales en pequeñas ciudades con especial enfasis en el reuso de las aguas residuales tratadas., Postprint (published version)

El proyecto tiene por finalidad el fortalecimiento de capacidades locales y el desarrollo de trabajos de investigación para promover el saneamiento descentralizado mediante el uso de humedales construidos en el ámbito rural de la provincia de Anta. En ese contexto se han realizado dos actuaciones: (i) Humedal construido para el tratamiento de aguas residuales de los servicios higiénicos de la Institución educativa 50106 de Haparquilla, (ii) Humedal construido para el tratamiento de aguas residuales de los servicios higiénicos de la plaza pública de la comunidad de Haparquilla. Ambos proyectos han contado con la participación activa de la población, la Oficina de Gestión Ambiental de la Municipalidad de Anta y la financiación de la Diputación de Barcelona y “Young Water Solutions”., Postprint (published version)

Los humedales construidos son tecnologías naturales capaces de eliminar los contaminantes de las aguas residuales, proporcionando un tratamiento de calidad y permitiendo la reutilización de las aguas para el uso de riego, o bien, para poder verterlas directamente en el entorno habiendo recibido un tratamiento previo, evitando de este modo la contaminación de los espacios naturales. Esta tecnología se implementa en la zona rural de Perú, en las cercanías del centro poblado de Chamaya, Jaén. Donde el tratamiento del agua residuales escaso y no suelen recibir ningún tratamiento, siendo evacuadas directamente en el entorno contaminando el terreno y ríos cercanos. Con el fin de mejorar esta situación, se realiza este trabajo en el cual se desarrolla el dimensionamiento, construcción y análisis de la primera muestra obtenida de un humedal construido pudiendo participar directamente en el proyecto haciendo una estancia en Perú durante todo el periodo en el que se llevó a cabo el proyecto. El análisis se produce comparando la concentración de contaminante del afluente con la del efluente, con la finalidad de comprobar si cumplen los estándares de calidad de Perú y algunos de los indicadores agronómicos de calidad de las aguas de riego. De tal modo que podamos verificar si las aguas son aptas para el riego. Obteniendo de esta primera muestra resultados positivos, con el humedal construido trabajando a la mitad de su capacidad, destacando la gran eficiencia en la eliminación de amonio, con parámetros del 86,1% y de DBO5 llegando a una eficiencia del 60%.

The Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone and the Montane Peatlands and Swamps of the New England Tableland are present throughout Penrose State Forest in the NSW Southern Highlands. These environments are currently the only known habitat to support the highly vulnerable species Eucalyptus Aquatica, which is restricted to these swampy environments. In this study, an extensive field survey covering 63 hectares was conducted across three swamps in Penrose State Forest (Hanging Rock Swamp, Stingray Swamp, Webbers Creek Swamp) in order to map the distribution of Eucalyptus aquatica, to determine its habitat requirements, and to estimate the species population abundance. Eucalyptus aquatica appears to have a clumped distribution across the swamps, which tends to cluster in the centre of the swamp and progressively declines towards the swamp margins. This distributional pattern appears to be associated with peat depth, with a significant relationship being found between increasing peat depth, and the probability of Eucalyptus aquatica being present. Stingray Swamp was found to support the largest proportion of the population with an estimated population abundance of 32, 411, whereas Hanging Rock Swamp and Webbers Creek Swamp had an estimated population abundance of 9, 643 and 222 respectively. The findings of this study provide a whole new breadth of data that has not been previously available for this species, and sets a new starting point for future research and improved conservation and management of Eucalyptus aquatic.

The Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone and the Montane Peatlands and Swamps of the New England Tableland are present throughout Penrose State Forest in the NSW Southern Highlands. These environments are currently the only known habitat to support the highly vulnerable species Eucalyptus Aquatica, which is restricted to these swampy environments. In this study, an extensive field survey covering 63 hectares was conducted across three swamps in Penrose State Forest (Hanging Rock Swamp, Stingray Swamp, Webbers Creek Swamp) in order to map the distribution of Eucalyptus aquatica, to determine its habitat requirements, and to estimate the species population abundance. Eucalyptus aquatica appears to have a clumped distribution across the swamps, which tends to cluster in the centre of the swamp and progressively declines towards the swamp margins. This distributional pattern appears to be associated with peat depth, with a significant relationship being found between increasing peat depth, and the probability of Eucalyptus aquatica being present. Stingray Swamp was found to support the largest proportion of the population with an estimated population abundance of 32, 411, whereas Hanging Rock Swamp and Webbers Creek Swamp had an estimated population abundance of 9, 643 and 222 respectively. The findings of this study provide a whole new breadth of data that has not been previously available for this species, and sets a new starting point for future research and improved conservation and management of Eucalyptus aquatic.

The Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone and the Montane Peatlands and Swamps of the New England Tableland are present throughout Penrose State Forest in the NSW Southern Highlands. These environments are currently the only known habitat to support the highly vulnerable species Eucalyptus Aquatica, which is restricted to these swampy environments. In this study, an extensive field survey covering 63 hectares was conducted across three swamps in Penrose State Forest (Hanging Rock Swamp, Stingray Swamp, Webbers Creek Swamp) in order to map the distribution of Eucalyptus aquatica, to determine its habitat requirements, and to estimate the species population abundance. Eucalyptus aquatica appears to have a clumped distribution across the swamps, which tends to cluster in the centre of the swamp and progressively declines towards the swamp margins. This distributional pattern appears to be associated with peat depth, with a significant relationship being found between increasing peat depth, and the probability of Eucalyptus aquatica being present. Stingray Swamp was found to support the largest proportion of the population with an estimated population abundance of 32, 411, whereas Hanging Rock Swamp and Webbers Creek Swamp had an estimated population abundance of 9, 643 and 222 respectively. The findings of this study provide a whole new breadth of data that has not been previously available for this species, and sets a new starting point for future research and improved conservation and management of Eucalyptus aquatic.

The Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone and the Montane Peatlands and Swamps of the New England Tableland are present throughout Penrose State Forest in the NSW Southern Highlands. These environments are currently the only known habitat to support the highly vulnerable species Eucalyptus Aquatica, which is restricted to these swampy environments. In this study, an extensive field survey covering 63 hectares was conducted across three swamps in Penrose State Forest (Hanging Rock Swamp, Stingray Swamp, Webbers Creek Swamp) in order to map the distribution of Eucalyptus aquatica, to determine its habitat requirements, and to estimate the species population abundance. Eucalyptus aquatica appears to have a clumped distribution across the swamps, which tends to cluster in the centre of the swamp and progressively declines towards the swamp margins. This distributional pattern appears to be associated with peat depth, with a significant relationship being found between increasing peat depth, and the probability of Eucalyptus aquatica being present. Stingray Swamp was found to support the largest proportion of the population with an estimated population abundance of 32, 411, whereas Hanging Rock Swamp and Webbers Creek Swamp had an estimated population abundance of 9, 643 and 222 respectively. The findings of this study provide a whole new breadth of data that has not been previously available for this species, and sets a new starting point for future research and improved conservation and management of Eucalyptus aquatic.

The Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone and the Montane Peatlands and Swamps of the New England Tableland are present throughout Penrose State Forest in the NSW Southern Highlands. These environments are currently the only known habitat to support the highly vulnerable species Eucalyptus Aquatica, which is restricted to these swampy environments. In this study, an extensive field survey covering 63 hectares was conducted across three swamps in Penrose State Forest (Hanging Rock Swamp, Stingray Swamp, Webbers Creek Swamp) in order to map the distribution of Eucalyptus aquatica, to determine its habitat requirements, and to estimate the species population abundance. Eucalyptus aquatica appears to have a clumped distribution across the swamps, which tends to cluster in the centre of the swamp and progressively declines towards the swamp margins. This distributional pattern appears to be associated with peat depth, with a significant relationship being found between increasing peat depth, and the probability of Eucalyptus aquatica being present. Stingray Swamp was found to support the largest proportion of the population with an estimated population abundance of 32, 411, whereas Hanging Rock Swamp and Webbers Creek Swamp had an estimated population abundance of 9, 643 and 222 respectively. The findings of this study provide a whole new breadth of data that has not been previously available for this species, and sets a new starting point for future research and improved conservation and management of Eucalyptus aquatic.

The Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone and the Montane Peatlands and Swamps of the New England Tableland are present throughout Penrose State Forest in the NSW Southern Highlands. These environments are currently the only known habitat to support the highly vulnerable species Eucalyptus Aquatica, which is restricted to these swampy environments. In this study, an extensive field survey covering 63 hectares was conducted across three swamps in Penrose State Forest (Hanging Rock Swamp, Stingray Swamp, Webbers Creek Swamp) in order to map the distribution of Eucalyptus aquatica, to determine its habitat requirements, and to estimate the species population abundance. Eucalyptus aquatica appears to have a clumped distribution across the swamps, which tends to cluster in the centre of the swamp and progressively declines towards the swamp margins. This distributional pattern appears to be associated with peat depth, with a significant relationship being found between increasing peat depth, and the probability of Eucalyptus aquatica being present. Stingray Swamp was found to support the largest proportion of the population with an estimated population abundance of 32, 411, whereas Hanging Rock Swamp and Webbers Creek Swamp had an estimated population abundance of 9, 643 and 222 respectively. The findings of this study provide a whole new breadth of data that has not been previously available for this species, and sets a new starting point for future research and improved conservation and management of Eucalyptus aquatic.

The Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone and the Montane Peatlands and Swamps of the New England Tableland are present throughout Penrose State Forest in the NSW Southern Highlands. These environments are currently the only known habitat to support the highly vulnerable species Eucalyptus Aquatica, which is restricted to these swampy environments. In this study, an extensive field survey covering 63 hectares was conducted across three swamps in Penrose State Forest (Hanging Rock Swamp, Stingray Swamp, Webbers Creek Swamp) in order to map the distribution of Eucalyptus aquatica, to determine its habitat requirements, and to estimate the species population abundance. Eucalyptus aquatica appears to have a clumped distribution across the swamps, which tends to cluster in the centre of the swamp and progressively declines towards the swamp margins. This distributional pattern appears to be associated with peat depth, with a significant relationship being found between increasing peat depth, and the probability of Eucalyptus aquatica being present. Stingray Swamp was found to support the largest proportion of the population with an estimated population abundance of 32, 411, whereas Hanging Rock Swamp and Webbers Creek Swamp had an estimated population abundance of 9, 643 and 222 respectively. The findings of this study provide a whole new breadth of data that has not been previously available for this species, and sets a new starting point for future research and improved conservation and management of Eucalyptus aquatic.

The Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone and the Montane Peatlands and Swamps of the New England Tableland are present throughout Penrose State Forest in the NSW Southern Highlands. These environments are currently the only known habitat to support the highly vulnerable species Eucalyptus Aquatica, which is restricted to these swampy environments. In this study, an extensive field survey covering 63 hectares was conducted across three swamps in Penrose State Forest (Hanging Rock Swamp, Stingray Swamp, Webbers Creek Swamp) in order to map the distribution of Eucalyptus aquatica, to determine its habitat requirements, and to estimate the species population abundance. Eucalyptus aquatica appears to have a clumped distribution across the swamps, which tends to cluster in the centre of the swamp and progressively declines towards the swamp margins. This distributional pattern appears to be associated with peat depth, with a significant relationship being found between increasing peat depth, and the probability of Eucalyptus aquatica being present. Stingray Swamp was found to support the largest proportion of the population with an estimated population abundance of 32, 411, whereas Hanging Rock Swamp and Webbers Creek Swamp had an estimated population abundance of 9, 643 and 222 respectively. The findings of this study provide a whole new breadth of data that has not been previously available for this species, and sets a new starting point for future research and improved conservation and management of Eucalyptus aquatic.

The Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone and the Montane Peatlands and Swamps of the New England Tableland are present throughout Penrose State Forest in the NSW Southern Highlands. These environments are currently the only known habitat to support the highly vulnerable species Eucalyptus Aquatica, which is restricted to these swampy environments. In this study, an extensive field survey covering 63 hectares was conducted across three swamps in Penrose State Forest (Hanging Rock Swamp, Stingray Swamp, Webbers Creek Swamp) in order to map the distribution of Eucalyptus aquatica, to determine its habitat requirements, and to estimate the species population abundance. Eucalyptus aquatica appears to have a clumped distribution across the swamps, which tends to cluster in the centre of the swamp and progressively declines towards the swamp margins. This distributional pattern appears to be associated with peat depth, with a significant relationship being found between increasing peat depth, and the probability of Eucalyptus aquatica being present. Stingray Swamp was found to support the largest proportion of the population with an estimated population abundance of 32, 411, whereas Hanging Rock Swamp and Webbers Creek Swamp had an estimated population abundance of 9, 643 and 222 respectively. The findings of this study provide a whole new breadth of data that has not been previously available for this species, and sets a new starting point for future research and improved conservation and management of Eucalyptus aquatic.

The Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone and the Montane Peatlands and Swamps of the New England Tableland are present throughout Penrose State Forest in the NSW Southern Highlands. These environments are currently the only known habitat to support the highly vulnerable species Eucalyptus Aquatica, which is restricted to these swampy environments. In this study, an extensive field survey covering 63 hectares was conducted across three swamps in Penrose State Forest (Hanging Rock Swamp, Stingray Swamp, Webbers Creek Swamp) in order to map the distribution of Eucalyptus aquatica, to determine its habitat requirements, and to estimate the species population abundance. Eucalyptus aquatica appears to have a clumped distribution across the swamps, which tends to cluster in the centre of the swamp and progressively declines towards the swamp margins. This distributional pattern appears to be associated with peat depth, with a significant relationship being found between increasing peat depth, and the probability of Eucalyptus aquatica being present. Stingray Swamp was found to support the largest proportion of the population with an estimated population abundance of 32, 411, whereas Hanging Rock Swamp and Webbers Creek Swamp had an estimated population abundance of 9, 643 and 222 respectively. The findings of this study provide a whole new breadth of data that has not been previously available for this species, and sets a new starting point for future research and improved conservation and management of Eucalyptus aquatic.

El principal objetivo de este trabajo es la valorización técnica y económica del ACRAMM, considerado como uno de los humedales más importantes del Perú, según la Estrategia Nacional de Humedales, y declarado como Zona de Reserva Turística. La valoración se realiza aplicando el método de los Precios Hedónicos. Con este trabajo, el Área de Conservación Regional Albufera de Medio Mundo se convierte en el primer humedal valorado desde un punto de vista económico en la Región Lima-Provincias y uno de los primeros en el país en ser valorados mediante este método.

El objetivo de este proyecto es analizar el comportamiento de un humedal piloto que se pretende construir en La Quebrada Loquita, ubicada en el barrio de Villatina, en Medellín (Colombia). Éste canal recibe pulsos de agua residual urbana con amonio y materia orgánica, y lo que se pretende, a través de la modelización de las tres reacciones principales: degradación de materia orgánica, nitrificación y desnitrificación, es emular el comportamiento de este humedal construido diseñado, para poder tener aguas mucho más limpias a la salida del canal.

This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) reviews the development of a Regional Sediment Management (RSM) implementation strategy for Mobile Bay, AL. The objective of this strategy is to bring lessons learned through application of RSM and Engineering With Nature (EWN) principles and practices in the coastal environment to a broader perspective for sediment and related environmental management planning for Mobile Bay, specifically the placement within Mobile Bay of maintenance material dredged from the Mobile Harbor navigation channel. The Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) RSM demonstration project concluded in 2003 (Rosati et al. 2001 [rev. 2004]). The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), South Atlantic Division (SAD), Mobile District (SAM), continues to implement into District practice the RSM lessons learned from those NGOM studies. RSM is a systems-based approach for collaboratively addressing sediment-related issues within a regional context. RSM seeks to support sustainable solutions for more effective use of littoral, estuarine, and riverine sediment resources in an environmentally sensitive and economically efficient manner.

Very high resolution image available.

Very high resolution image available.

Sensitivity analysis is a technique for systematically changing parameters in a model to determine the effects of such changes on model outcomes. It is an essential tool for model building and quality assurance. Sensitivity analysis also compliments uncertainty analysis because sensitivity analysis orders input importance by determining variation in output and by identifying important response thresholds. This technical note provides an example application of sensitivity analysis in support of ecosystem restoration planning. It is intended to supplement other publications about Environmental Benefits Analysis (EBA) that discuss a broader array of sensitivity techniques and applications. On average, Louisiana's coastal marshes are receding at alarming rates due to a number of factors, including: sea level rise, river-marsh disconnection, local consolidation and subsidence, and coastal erosion. The Barataria Basin Barrier Shoreline (BBBS) restoration project was identified through the Louisiana Coastal Area (LCA) program as critical to maintaining the Caminada Headland and Shell Island reaches of the Gulf shoreline to prevent larger scale, potentially irreversible ecosystem impacts. Large-scale ecosystem restoration projects require extensive planning and analysis prior to implementation to ensure the most effective alternatives are selected. Alternatives are compared on the basis of forecasted benefits of restoration determined using numerical models such as the commonly applied Habitat Evaluation Procedures (HEP). HEP combines habitat quantity (e.g., acres) with an assessment of habitat quality scored from zero to one, a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI). This index is determined from measured data or professional judgment, and is generally represented as a habitat suitability curve that assigns a quality score to a range of value., Environmental Benefits Analysis (EBA) Technical Notes Collection, Ecosystem Management and Restoration Research Program (EMRRP)

В статье приведены результаты исследования водного режима Званецского болота. Авторами предложена схема управления водными ресурсами.

Статья посвящена проблеме озер, расположенных в пределах болота "Святое". В настоящее время мелиоративные работы, связанные с добычей торфа на водосборных площадях, привели к снижению уровня грунтовых вод, уровням озера и изменению береговой линии водохранилища. Важно сохранить уникальные озера, понижающие влияние мелиорации.

Экологические риски деградации болот на Белорусском Полесье связаны, главным образом, с масштабной мелиорацией земель. В результате мелиоративное развитие территории привело к существенному сокращению площади болот. К настоящему времени на Белорусском Полесье сформировались обширные районы интенсивного мелиоративного развития. По экологическим рискам деградации болот регионы делятся на 3 группы (регионы с высоким, средним и низким уровнем экологических рисков).

El present treball es basa en la utilització d’aiguamolls construïts per al tractament d’aigües residuals. L’objectiu principal del treball és avaluar el comportament d’una planta híbrida d’aiguamolls construïts de tres fases (vertical, horitzontal i flux lliure) i un tractament primari (reactor HUSB) per al tractament d’aigües residuals a escala pilot. En el marc d’aquest treball es va monitoritzar la planta des d’octubre de 2013 fins abril de 2014. La planta pilot ha mostrat ser un bon sistema de tractament d’aigües residuals. Els valors mitjans d’eliminació de contaminants són elevats (major del 70% en tots els contaminants principals). S’ha pogut observar que l’ eficiència d’eliminació de la planta es veu afectada per la temperatura ambient, arribant a reduir en un 14% l’eficiència d’eliminació de l’amoni durant la temporada freda. Es va comprovar també que el rendiment d’eliminació de sòlids en suspensió del HUSB era negatiu (-38%). Es va realitzar un estudi comparatiu del funcionament de la planta amb HUSB i sense, per a comprovar la influència en el seu funcionament. En operar sense tractament primari s’ha comprovat que l’eliminació de contaminants del sistema és elevada (major del 80% en tots els contaminants principals) en condiciona ambientals càlides. Finalment, és va realitzat una assaig de traçadors que mostra un temps de retenció hidràulica de la planta, és de 36 hores. La durada de l’assaig de pluja extrema (10 hores) realitzat prèviament (Donoso 2013) està molt per sota d’aquest temps. Per aquest motiu, seria interessant fer una simulació de pluja extrema amb una durada de l’assaig més elevada.

Coastal land loss is a striking reality in many coastal communities. The issue is especially acute in coastal Louisiana. Problems of land loss in coastal Louisiana have been extensively documented (Gagliano 1981; Britsch and Dunbar 1993; Boesch et al. 1994; Day et al. 2000).There are several factors that have been identified as causes of this land loss. Among others, these include the following: The rate of relative sea level rise in coastal Louisiana, which is generally faster than the rate of marsh accretion (due primarily to regional subsidence). The reduction of sediment loads in the Mississippi River. The decreased sediment supply to the wetlands due to the lack of hydraulic connection between the wetlands and the Mississippi River. The introduction of dredged canals that criss-cross the marshes and expose marsh vegetation to increased currents and salinity. Other factors, such as vegetation losses due, for example, to nutria, etc. As part of an effort to build land in coastal Louisiana, planners are considering the construction of sediment diversions. Sediment diversions typically consist of lateral water diversions, either controlled or uncontrolled, that are designed to capture and remove large quantities of sediment from a river. In coastal Louisiana, these diversions are intended to re-introduce sediment into shallow bays and degraded coastal marshes, in order to rebuild land in these systems (CPRA 2012). In order for a sediment diversion to be implemented successfully, a variety of factors need to be evaluated. A given sediment diversion must be able to divert and distribute sufficient sediment to effectively mitigate the causal land loss factors listed above. However, the diversion design is subject to several additional constraints., Sponsored in part by the State of Louisiana, Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (Mississippi Hydrodynamic and Delta Management Study).

The purpose of this Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) is to document a detailed analysis of land building spreadsheet models applied to estimate the net benefits from proposed river diversions. Many of the issues with the key input parameters for the spreadsheet models reviewed in this document will be faced by more complex two- and three dimensional models when they are applied. The CHETN starts with an overview of the various models that are being applied for land building in coastal Louisiana. The sensitivity of land building estimates to the specification of various key input parameters is analyzed and discussed, highlighting issues associated with those parameters. Coastal Louisiana has lost over 1.2 million acres of land since 1932, and land loss continues at a rate of over 15,000 acres per year. Water and sediment diversions have been proposed to mitigate land loss and rebuild land in the Mississippi delta. Numerous questions exist regarding the efficacy of diversions for building land and quantifying changes in both the receiving area and river. Freshwater flow diversions can offer significant mineral sediment and nutrient inputs to marshes that result in both inorganic and organic accumulation of soil. However, the capability to estimate land gain is limited. Several land building models have recently been developed and applied in south Louisiana. Boustany (2007) introduced a screening level model for assessing both the sediment and the nutrient benefit of flow diversions over longtime scales. This model has been applied to screen Coastal Wetland Planning, Protection, and Restoration Act (CWPPRA) project alternatives. The Boustany model calculates the annual land gain from sediments and nutrients separately and adds these values to the existing area, which is adjusted each year by a constant annual land loss value. Nutrient benefits are based on the potential of the diversion to introduce nutrients to support wetland vegetation.