Author: "Rush A" / Publication Type: Electronic Resources - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Are antimicrobial stewardship and sepsis awareness competing goals?

Author: Rush, Lynne
Subjects: QR Microbiology, RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as one of the most significant threats to population health of recent times. It is estimated that its associated mortality could reach 10 million by 2050. Availability of effective antimicrobial prophylaxis is essential to allow many routine surgical and obstetric procedures to be performed safely. Reducing unnecessary antimicrobial use is integral to controlling the spread of AMR. As awareness of the need for judicious antimicrobial prescribing has grown, so has recognition of the importance of early diagnosis and management of sepsis, with high profile media reporting of selected cases, often involving children. Early administration of antibiotics to improve outcomes from sepsis conflicts, in part, with a drive to reduce antimicrobial prescribing. Previous research has suggested that AMR is often perceived as a distant and theoretical threat that has little personal impact, which may in part be related to how it is framed in news media. There is no evidence about how reporting of sepsis in children impacts on public understandings about antibiotic use. This PhD aims to better understand how the risks of antimicrobial resistance and sepsis are constructed in the popular news and how these impact on the attitudes and behaviour of the public, as parents and carers. Content analysis of 616 articles from 6 national newspapers published between 1988 and 2018 demonstrated key differences in the way AMR and sepsis are framed. AMR is framed predominantly according to its potential impact on future global health. Its causes and solutions are presented as complex and dependent on co-ordinated actions between policymakers and the healthcare, farming and pharmaceutical industries. In contrast, sepsis is framed as an issue whose drivers lie predominantly within the healthcare sector and whose main solution is better awareness. The use of personalised narratives about individuals affected by sepsis increases its relevance and accessibility for the public. Thematic analysis of a subset of articles demonstrated that failings in the health service were portrayed as the cause of avoidable deaths in children, often through failure to prescribe timely antibiotics, with parents positioned as advocates for their children. Exploration of these themes in 20 focus groups with 84 parents, carers and individuals with lived experience of sepsis demonstrated that decisions about when to seek health advice had to be balanced against a perceived moral duty to avoid placing excessive demands on healthcare resources. Health professionals were frequently perceived to be ambivalent about the need for antibiotics, with parent preference often influencing decisions. Few participants had direct experience of AMR, which was widely perceived to be a risk confined to individuals who use antibiotics inappropriately. There is a need to align messages about the complex interplay between AMR, sepsis and antimicrobial use. Personal narratives about individuals affected by AMR, similar to those used in sepsis awareness campaigns, may increase accessibility of public health messaging about preserving the efficacy of antibiotics.
Published: 2023
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2. The first Romanesque architecture of Conflent, Pyrénées-Orientales, France (66) : tradition, system and style

Author: Rush, Simon John Nowell
Abstract: The area of southern France and northern Spain which constituted medieval Catalonia includes numerous sites witnessing developments in Romanesque church architecture. The buildings of the 11th century inspired a local architectural historian, Josep Puig i Cadafalch, to propose a division of the period into two phases, the earlier primer art romànic ('First Romanesque') being distinguished from the mature variant of the style by the treatment of the fabric, the lack of sculpted ornament and the limited use of vaulting. Affinities with contemporary practice in northern Italy were recognised, the connection between the two regions being supported by the historical narrative, but questions relating to the introduction of the style into Catalonia remain the subject of debate. Whereas the recruitment of master-masons from Lombardy may be a reasonable assumption in the case of the more iconic monuments, it fails to explain the near-universal adoption of First Romanesque features in the numerous rural churches which must have been constructed by indigenous artisans. This thesis focuses on the reliance placed on traditional methods by local labour, and the extent to which architectural developments at the turn of the first millennium might be considered evolutionary rather than revolutionary. It also emphasises the constraints placed on the mason by the materials at his disposal, and suggests that areas where complex geological events have occurred are best suited to gauge the relative dominance of 'system' over 'style'. The study area is thus largely confined to the medieval county of Conflent, which occupied the foothills of the Canigou massif to the west of Perpignan, and now forms an administrative sub-division of the French département of Pyrenées-Orientales (66). Within its borders are to be found the Pre-Romanesque abbey church of Saint-Michel de Cuxa and Saint-Martin du Canigou, one of the earliest examples of First Romanesque architecture in Catalonia, these providing suitable points of departure for a discussion of precedents and innovation. Equal importance will, however, be attached to the numerous parish and community churches which survive on the county's three distinct geological landscapes, and best encapsulate the various problems encountered by the individuals responsible for raising fabric to satisfy the aesthetic demands of their patrons.
Published: 2022

3. Rapid sea-level rise and climate change : lessons from the early Holocene

Author: Rush, Graham Phillip, Gehrels, Roland, Bateman, Mark, and Bigg, Grant
Subjects: 551.45
Abstract: The '8.2 ka climate event' is believed to have been driven by meltwater pulses draining into the North Atlantic, emanating from the Laurentide Ice Sheet. It is important to quantify the precise timing and magnitude of meltwater that was released; this is critical information for climate models that simulate the impact of freshwater forcing on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a well-established interglacial climate state. Relative sea-level (RSL) reconstructions enable quantification of the timing and magnitude of the meltwater pulses and identification of their origin. This research presents RSL reconstructions for a North Atlantic (Ythan Estuary, UK) and a South Atlantic (Swan Inlet, Falkland Islands) site to test three hypotheses related to the meltwater pulses prior to the 8.2 ka climate event. A new inter-tidal foraminifera training set and transfer function for the North Sea basin is presented. Based on this and a high-resolution chronology, a probabilistic RSL reconstruction is produced for the Ythan Estuary 8800--8100 cal yr BP. Two meltwater pulses are quantified that demonstrate that drainage of Lake Agassiz-Ojibway (LAO) was not the major contributor of freshwater, but that the Hudson Bay Ice Saddle (HBIS) collapse was the likely major component. Twenty new sea-level index points are presented for Swan Inlet based on litho-, chrono and bio-stratigraphical analyses from c. 8500 cal yr BP to present. While there is some evidence for rapid sea-level rise coincident with the timing of the meltwater pulses, it was not possible to quantify the magnitude. The results do have important implications for understanding global ice melt history and the processes of isostatic adjustment on continental shelves. The research suggests that the HBIS was the major contributor of freshwater prior to the 8.2 ka climate event and that further work following similar lines of enquiry can help test this hypothesis.
Published: 2021

4. Prevalence of coronary artery disease and coronary microvascular dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Author: Rush, Christopher James
Subjects: 616.1, R Medicine (General), RC Internal medicine
Abstract: Background Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) now accounts for around half of the HF population. To date, no treatments for HFpEF have proven effect and outcomes have not improved in recent decades. The heterogeneity of the HFpEF population and the failure of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to demonstrate effective therapies has led to attempts to identify sub-phenotypes of HFpEF which may respond to targeted therapies. Recent studies suggest that epicardial coronary artery disease (CAD) and coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) may play an important role in a substantial group of patients with HFpEF. A novel paradigm has been proposed suggesting that endothelium-dependent CMD may play a key role in the unifying pathophysiology of HFpEF. I performed a systematic review of the literature describing the prevalence of epicardial CAD and CMD in HFpEF populations. Most studies were retrospective observational and population-based studies with inconsistent definitions of HF, preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and CAD. Studies which documented CAD angiographically were almost exclusively performed in highly-selected convenience cohorts. Consequently, prevalence estimates of CAD in HFpEF varied considerably between studies. Similarly, studies assessing CMD in HFpEF reported inconsistent results due to variable definitions of CMD and methods of assessing coronary microvascular function. Therefore, the prevalence of epicardial CAD and CMD have not been prospectively and systematically studied in an unselected HFpEF population. Aims The main aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of obstructive epicardial CAD, CMD and previous myocardial infarction (MI) in an unselected cohort of patients hospitalised with HFpEF using reference standard invasive investigations. Methods This was a prospective, multicentre, observational study of patients hospitalised with HFpEF. All patients recruited had a confirmed diagnosis of HFpEF according to the 2016 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) HF guidelines. Participants underwent invasive coronary angiography with guidewire-based assessment of coronary flow reserve (CFR) and the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), followed by vasoreactivity testing with intra-coronary acetylcholine. This allowed the comprehensive assessment of epicardial and microvascular structure and function to determine the prevalence of CAD, CMD and coronary endothelial dysfunction in the cohort. Adenosine perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging was also performed to assess the burden of myocardial infarction (MI), diffuse fibrosis and inducible ischaemia in the study population. Patients were followed up by electronic medical record linkage for a minimum of 12 months. Results Of 2285 near-consecutive patients hospitalised with suspected HF, 628 were confirmed to have a diagnosis of HFpEF, and 106 HFpEF patients met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study. A total of 83 participants underwent invasive coronary angiography or CMR. Seventy-five participants underwent invasive coronary angiography, 62 had guidewire-based coronary physiology testing, and 41 underwent vasoreactivity testing. Fifty-two participants underwent CMR and 44 had both invasive coronary angiography and CMR. Twenty-three patients did not proceed to the study investigations, predominantly due to a decline in health, functional status or renal function making proceeding with the study investigations inappropriate or unsafe. In this unselected hospitalised HFpEF cohort, the prevalence of obstructive epicardial CAD on invasive assessment was 51% (95% confidence interval [CI] 39-62%); half of patients with obstructive epicardial disease had no clinical history of CAD. On invasive coronary physiological testing, 41 patients (66% [95% CI 53-77%]) had endothelium-independent CMD, and 10 (24% [95% CI 13-40%]) had endothelium-dependent CMD. Overall, 91% of participants had evidence of macrovascular and/or microvascular CAD. Of those who underwent CMR, 27% (95% CI 16-41%) had evidence of previous MI and 32% (95% CI 19-48%) had inducible ischaemia. Over half of patients with CMR-proven MI had no history of clinically apparent MI. Over a median follow-up period of 18 months, study participants with obstructive epicardial CAD had significantly more hospitalisations (for any cause, a cardiovascular cause or HF) than those without obstructive CAD. There was no significant difference in outcomes between those with or without endothelium-independent or -dependent CMD. Conclusion Both epicardial CAD and CMD are common in the HFpEF population, and there is a high prevalence of clinically unrecognised obstructive epicardial CAD and previous MI. Patients with obstructive epicardial CAD had significantly more hospitalisations than those without obstructive disease. Treatments for epicardial CAD (e.g. coronary revascularisation) might improve quality of life and reduce hospitalisations in HFpEF patients with CAD. Although it has been hypothesised that CMD in HFpEF is the result of endothelial dysfunction, it appears to be predominantly due to endothelium-independent mechanisms. This may have important implications for future treatments directed at CMD in patients with HFpEF.
Published: 2020
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5. Long-Standing Macula-Involving Diabetic Tractional Retinal Detachments with Good Visual Acuity: How Should We Manage These Patients?

Author: Rush,Ryan, Rush,Sloan, Rush,Ryan, and Rush,Sloan
Abstract: Ryan B Rush,1â 4 Sloan W Rush1,2 1Panhandle Eye Group, Amarillo, TX, USA; 2Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Amarillo, TX, USA; 3Instituto de la VisiÃ³nâ Hospital La Carlota, Montemorelos, Nuevo LeÃ³n, MÃ©xico; 4Southwest Retina Specialists, Amarillo, TX, USACorrespondence: Ryan B Rush, Southwest Retina Specialists, 7411 Wallace Blvd, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA, Tel +1 806 351-1870, Email ryan.rush.md@gmail.comPurpose: We assess the merits of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in subjects with good visual acuity (VA) and a chronic macula-involving tractional retinal detachment (TRD) secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was undertaken. Subjects were divided into 1) a Study Group of subjects who underwent prompt PPV and 2) a Control Group of subjects in which PPV was deferred in favor of less invasive treatment options or observations. Both study and control subjects had a baseline Snellen VA of â¥ 20/50 and a PDR-associated macula-involving TRD of > 6 months duration with a minimum follow-up of 12-months.Results: There were 58 patients analyzed over an average follow-up period of 27.6 (Â± 7.1) months. The change in VA was similar in the Study Group compared to the Control Group (p=0.94) with both groups losing about three lines of VA during the study period (â 0.30 Â± 0.52 logMAR). Although the rates of maintaining â¥ 20/200 Snellen VA and â¥ 20/50 Snellen VA were similar in the Study Group compared to the Control Group (p=0.55 and p=0.28, respectively), the Study Group had more subjects gaining â¥ 2 lines of VA during the study period (p=0.002).Conclusion: Patients presenting with good VA and a PDR-associated macula-involving TRD of > 6 months were more likely to gain â¥ 2 lines of VA when PPV was performed at baseline compared to PPV deferral until further deterioration occurred.Keywords: chronic tractional retinal detachment, diabetic vitrectomy, good visu
Published: 2024

6. Quantile regression as a methodology for underpinning proportionate universalism

Author: Rush, Robert
Subjects: 519.5
Abstract: In the social sciences, and beyond, we are often interested in the impact of factors on some outcome. These research questions of interest are traditionally addressed with linear regression, which informs on those factors impacting on the average. Frequently though the interest is not in the 'average' but with those in the tails of the outcome distribution, where for example the low performing or high scoring are contained. This is particularly the case when these analyses are to inform policies to improve on those low performing and the identification and targeting of possible interventions for this. Focusing solely on the average and applying interventions across the board can only widen the gap between those low scoring and better performing. These traditional modelling methods will not provide information on differential impact of a factor across the distribution and indeed can fail to identify important factors. In addition to the analysis suitable to the research question there are inherent linear regression model assumptions which must be met. To try and address this using traditional techniques by segmenting the data to assess factor impact is inefficient and can have power implications. Also a logistic regression approach provides a cut-point with those on either side, regardless of their proximity to that cut-point being in one group or the other. Therefore to understand the effect of factors across the outcome distribution we must use different techniques and a quantile regression approach offers an assessment across the outcome distribution and can identify those factors which are influential at different locations on that distribution and is also robust to the assumptions which dog those other traditional methods. Thus with a principled method such as quantile regression analysis, there exists an enormous potential to inform not just basic policy questions, as to relationships amongst factors and outcome, but with the resulting more nuanced answers provide those key policymakers with a more complete evidence base with robust informative estimates on those mediating factors and on who to target.
Published: 2019

7. Politics and personality in the mid-century middlebrow : the fiction of Nancy Mitford

Author: Rush, David, Hammill, Faye, and Edwards, Sarah
Subjects: 823
Published: 2018
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8. Ontology and the Foundations of Mathematics: Talking Past Each Other

Author: Rush, Penelope
Published: 2022
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9. Recycled culture : the significance of intertextuality in twenty-first century musical theatre

Author: Rush, Adam Christopher, Jones, Kelly, and Dean, Rob
Subjects: 792.6, W400 Drama
Abstract: The twenty-first century musical is dominated by high-profile adaptations and the recycling of popular texts in a wider trend Graham Allen terms ‘cultural regurgitation’. From Wicked (2003) and Billy Elliot the Musical (2005) to Jersey Boys (2005) and The Book of Mormon (2011), the commercial musical stage is a prominent site of high-profile intertextuality in that it draws from ‘innumerable centres of culture’ to fuel an evening’s entertainment. Given the proliferation of such intertextuality, however, this trend has received little critical attention beyond the detailing of these musicals as ‘safe-bet’ entertainments which attract an audience through the recycling of familiar elements. The primary aim of this thesis is therefore to fill an important gap within existing scholarship by investigating how intertextual references function and operate within contemporary musical theatre. In differentiating the various styles of intertextual reference evidenced within the form, this thesis argues that most twenty-first century musicals either adapt a specific text, capitalise on nostalgia, fashion a bricolage of references or metatheatricalise perceptions of musical theatre as an art form. In doing so, it put forwards the claim that musical theatre invites intertextuality as a diverse layering of textual elements in and of itself. Not only is musical theatre an inherently intertextual form, but it ultimately requires intertextuality to reflect the recycled nature of popular culture more broadly.
Published: 2017

10. Glutathione is required for growth and cadmium tolerance in the amphibian chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis

Author: Webb, RJ, Rush, C, Berger, L, Skerratt, LF, Roberts, AA, Webb, RJ, Rush, C, Berger, L, Skerratt, LF, and Roberts, AA
Abstract: Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a lethal amphibian pathogen, partly due to its ability to evade the immune system of susceptible frog species. In many pathogenic fungi, the antioxidant glutathione is a virulence factor that helps neutralise oxidative stressors generated from host immune cells, as well as other environmental stressors such as heavy metals. The role of glutathione in stress tolerance in Bd has not been investigated. Here, we examine the changes in the glutathione pool after stress exposure and quantify the effect of glutathione depletion on cell growth and stress tolerance. Depletion of glutathione repressed growth and release of zoospores, suggesting that glutathione is essential for life cycle completion in Bd. Supplementation with <2 mM exogenous glutathione accelerated zoospore development, but concentrations >2 mM were strongly inhibitory to Bd cells. While hydrogen peroxide exposure lowered the total cellular glutathione levels by 42 %, glutathione depletion did not increase the sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide. Exposure to cadmium increased total cellular glutathione levels by 93 %. Glutathione-depleted cells were more sensitive to cadmium, and this effect was attenuated by glutathione supplementation, suggesting that glutathione plays an important role in cadmium tolerance. The effects of heat and salt were exacerbated by the addition of exogenous glutathione. The impact of glutathione levels on Bd stress sensitivity may help explain differences in host susceptibility to chytridiomycosis and may provide opportunities for synergistic therapeutics.
Published: 2024

11. Non-Standard Errors

Author: Menkveld, Albert J., Abudy, Menachem (Meni), Grammig, Joachim, Gregoire, Vincent, Hagströmer, Björn, Hambuckers, Julien, Hapnes, Erik, Harris, Jeffrey H., Harris, Lawrence, Hartmann, Simon, Hasse, Jean-Baptiste, Hautsch, Nikolaus, Adrian, Tobias, He, Xue-Zhong 'Tony', Heath, Davidson, Hediger, Simon, Hendershott, Terrence J., Hibbert, Ann Marie, Hjalmarsson, Erik, Hoelscher, Seth, Hoffmann, Peter, Holden, Craig W., Horenstein, Alex R., Ait-Sahalia, Yacine, Huang, Wenqian, Huang, Da, Hurlin, Christophe, Ivashchenko, Alexey, Iyer, Subramanian R., Jahanshahloo, Hossein, Jalkh, Naji, Jones, Charles M., Jurkatis, Simon, Jylha, Petri, Akmansoy, Olivier, Kaeck, Andreas, Kaiser, Gabriel, Karam, Arzé, Karmaziene, Egle, Kassner, Bernhard, Kaustia, Markku, Kazak, Ekaterina, Kearney, Fearghal, van Kervel, Vincent, Khan, Saad, Alcock, Jamie, Khomyn, Marta, Klein, Tony, Klein, Olga, Klos, Alexander, Koetter, Michael, Krahnen, Jan Pieter, Kolokolov, Aleksey, Korajczyk, Robert A., Kozhan, Roman, Kwan, Amy, Alexeev, Vitali, Lajaunie, Quentin, Lam, Full Yet Eric Campbell, Lambert, Marie, Langlois, Hugues, Lausen, Jens, Lauter, Tobias, Leippold, Markus, Levin, Vladimir, Li, Yijie, Li, (Michael) Hui, Aloosh, Arash, Liew, Chee Yoong, Lindner, Thomas, Linton, Oliver B., Liu, Jiacheng, Liu, Anqi, Llorente-Alvarez, Jesus-Guillermo, Lof, Matthijs, Lohr, Ariel, Longstaff, Francis A., Lopez-Lira, Alejandro, Amato, Livia, Mankad, Shawn, Mano, Nicola, Marchal, Alexis, Martineau, Charles, Mazzola, Francesco, Meloso, Debrah C, Mihet, Roxana, Mohan, Vijay, Moinas, Sophie, Moore, David, Amaya, Diego, Mu, Liangyi, Muravyev, Dmitriy, Murphy, Dermot, Neszveda, Gabor, Neumeier, Christian, Nielsson, Ulf, Nimalendran, Mahendrarajah, Nolte, Sven, Nordén, Lars L., O'Neill, Peter, Angel, James J., Obaid, Khaled, Ødegaard, Bernt Arne, Östberg, Per, Painter, Marcus, Palan, Stefan, Palit, Imon, Park, Andreas, Pascual Gascó, Roberto, Pasquariello, Paolo, Pastor, Lubos, Dreber, Anna, Bach, Amadeus, Patel, Vinay, Patton, Andrew J., Pearson, Neil D., Pelizzon, Loriana, Pelster, Matthias, Pérignon, Christophe, Pfiffer, Cameron, Philip, Richard, Plíhal, Tomáš, Prakash, Puneet, Baidoo, Edwin, Press, Oliver-Alexander, Prodromou, Tina, Putnins, Talis J., Raizada, Gaurav, Rakowski, David A., Ranaldo, Angelo, Regis, Luca, Reitz, Stefan, Renault, Thomas, Wang, Renjie, Bakalli, Gaetan, Renò, Roberto, Riddiough, Steven, Rinne, Kalle, Rintamäki, Paul, Riordan, Ryan, Rittmannsberger, Thomas, Rodríguez Longarela, Iñaki, Rösch, Dominik, Rognone, Lavinia, Roseman, Brian, Barbon, Andrea, Rosu, Ioanid, Roy, Saurabh, Rudolf, Nicolas, Rush, Stephen, Rzayev, Khaladdin, Rzeźnik, Aleksandra, Sanford, Anthony, Sankaran, Harikumar, Sarkar, Asani, Sarno, Lucio, Bashchenko, Oksana, Scaillet, Olivier, Scharnowski, Stefan, Schenk-Hoppé, Klaus Reiner, Schertler, Andrea, Schneider, Michael, Schroeder, Florian, Schürhoff, Norman, Schuster, Philipp, Schwarz, Marco A., Seasholes, Mark S., Bindra, Parampreet Christopher, Seeger, Norman, Shachar, Or, Shkilko, Andriy, Shui, Jessica, Sikic, Mario, Simion, Giorgia, Smales, Lee A., Söderlind, Paul, Sojli, Elvira, Sokolov, Konstantin, Bjonnes, Geir Hoidal, Spokeviciute, Laima, Stefanova, Denitsa, Subrahmanyam, Marti G., Neusüss, Sebastian, Szaszi, Barnabas, Talavera, Oleksandr, Tang, Yuehua, Taylor, Nicholas, Tham, Wing Wah, Theissen, Erik, Black, Jeffrey R., Thimme, Julian, Tonks, Ian, Tran, Hai, Trapin, Luca, Trolle, Anders B., Valente, Giorgio, Van Ness, Robert A., Vasquez, Aurelio, Verousis, Thanos, Verwijmeren, Patrick, Black, Bernard S., Vilhelmsson, Anders, Vilkov, Grigory, Vladimirov, Vladimir, Vogel, Sebastian, Voigt, Stefan, Wagner, Wolf, Walther, Thomas, Weiss, Patrick, van der Wel, Michel, Werner, Ingrid M., Bohorquez, Santiago, Westerholm, P. Joakim, Westheide, Christian, Wipplinger, Evert, Wolf, Michael, Wolff, Christian C. P., Wolk, Leonard, Wong, Wing-Keung, Wrampelmeyer, Jan, Xia, Shuo, Xiu, Dacheng, Holzmeister, Felix, Bondarenko, Oleg, Xu, Ke, Xu, Caihong, Yadav, Pradeep K., Yagüe, José, Yan, Cheng, Yang, Antti, Yoo, Woongsun, Yu, Wenjia, Yu, Shihao, Yueshen, Bart Zhou, Bos, Charles S., Yuferova, Darya, Zamojski, Marcin, Zareei, Abalfazl, Zeisberger, Stefan, Zhang, Lu, Zhang, Xiaoyu, Zhong, Zhuo, Zhou, Z. Ivy, Zhou, Chen, Zhu, Xingyu, Bosch-Rosa, Ciril, Zoican, Marius, Zwinkels, Remco C.J., Chen, Jian, Duevski, Teodor, Gao, Ge, Gemayel, Roland, Gilder, Dudley, Kuhle, Paul, Pagnotta, Emiliano, Pelli, Michele, Bouri, Elie, Sönksen, Jantje, Ilczuk, Konrad, Bogoev, Dimitar, Qian, Ya, Wika, Hans C., Yu, Yihe, Zhao, Lu, Mi, Michael, Bao, Li, Brownlees, Christian T., Vaduva, Andreea, Prokopczuk, Marcel, Avetikian, Alejandro, Wu, Zhen-Xing, Calamia, Anna, Cao, Viet Nga, Capelle-Blancard, Gunther, Capera, Laura, Caporin, Massimiliano, Huber, Juergen, Carrion, Allen, Caskurlu, Tolga, Chakrabarty, Bidisha, Chernov, Mikhail, Cheung, William Ming Yan, Chincarini, Ludwig B., Chordia, Tarun, Chow, Sheung Chi, Clapham, Benjamin, Colliard, Jean-Edouard, Johanneson, Magnus, Comerton-Forde, Carole, Curran, Edward, Dao, Thong, Dare, Wale, Davies, Ryan J., De Blasis, Riccardo, De Nard, Gianluca, Declerck, Fany, Deev, Oleg, Degryse, Hans, Kirchler, Michael, Deku, Solomon, Desagre, Christophe, Dim, Chukwuma, Dimpfl, Thomas, Dong, Yun Jiang, Drummond, Philip, Dudda, Tom, Dumitrescu, Ariadna, Dyakov, Teodor, Razen, Michael, Dyhrberg, Anne Haubo, Dzieliński, Michał, Eksi, Asli, El Kalak, Izidin, ter Ellen, Saskia, Eugster, Nicolas, Evans, Martin D.D., Farrell, Michael, Félez-Viñas, Ester, Ferrara, Gerardo, Weitzel, Utz, FERROUHI, El Mehdi, Flori, Andrea, Fluharty-Jaidee, Jonathan, Foley, Sean, Fong, Kingsley Y. L., Foucault, Thierry, Franus, Tatiana, Franzoni, Francesco A., Frijns, Bart, Frömmel, Michael, Abad, David, Fu, Servanna Mianjun, Füllbrunn, Sascha, Gan, Baoqing, Gehrig, Thomas, Gerritsen, Dirk, Gil-Bazo, Javier, Glosten, Lawrence R., Gomez, Thomas, Gorbenko, Arseny, Güçbilmez, Ufuk, Van Dijk, Matthijs A., Menkveld, Albert J., Abudy, Menachem (Meni), Grammig, Joachim, Gregoire, Vincent, Hagströmer, Björn, Hambuckers, Julien, Hapnes, Erik, Harris, Jeffrey H., Harris, Lawrence, Hartmann, Simon, Hasse, Jean-Baptiste, Hautsch, Nikolaus, Adrian, Tobias, He, Xue-Zhong 'Tony', Heath, Davidson, Hediger, Simon, Hendershott, Terrence J., Hibbert, Ann Marie, Hjalmarsson, Erik, Hoelscher, Seth, Hoffmann, Peter, Holden, Craig W., Horenstein, Alex R., Ait-Sahalia, Yacine, Huang, Wenqian, Huang, Da, Hurlin, Christophe, Ivashchenko, Alexey, Iyer, Subramanian R., Jahanshahloo, Hossein, Jalkh, Naji, Jones, Charles M., Jurkatis, Simon, Jylha, Petri, Akmansoy, Olivier, Kaeck, Andreas, Kaiser, Gabriel, Karam, Arzé, Karmaziene, Egle, Kassner, Bernhard, Kaustia, Markku, Kazak, Ekaterina, Kearney, Fearghal, van Kervel, Vincent, Khan, Saad, Alcock, Jamie, Khomyn, Marta, Klein, Tony, Klein, Olga, Klos, Alexander, Koetter, Michael, Krahnen, Jan Pieter, Kolokolov, Aleksey, Korajczyk, Robert A., Kozhan, Roman, Kwan, Amy, Alexeev, Vitali, Lajaunie, Quentin, Lam, Full Yet Eric Campbell, Lambert, Marie, Langlois, Hugues, Lausen, Jens, Lauter, Tobias, Leippold, Markus, Levin, Vladimir, Li, Yijie, Li, (Michael) Hui, Aloosh, Arash, Liew, Chee Yoong, Lindner, Thomas, Linton, Oliver B., Liu, Jiacheng, Liu, Anqi, Llorente-Alvarez, Jesus-Guillermo, Lof, Matthijs, Lohr, Ariel, Longstaff, Francis A., Lopez-Lira, Alejandro, Amato, Livia, Mankad, Shawn, Mano, Nicola, Marchal, Alexis, Martineau, Charles, Mazzola, Francesco, Meloso, Debrah C, Mihet, Roxana, Mohan, Vijay, Moinas, Sophie, Moore, David, Amaya, Diego, Mu, Liangyi, Muravyev, Dmitriy, Murphy, Dermot, Neszveda, Gabor, Neumeier, Christian, Nielsson, Ulf, Nimalendran, Mahendrarajah, Nolte, Sven, Nordén, Lars L., O'Neill, Peter, Angel, James J., Obaid, Khaled, Ødegaard, Bernt Arne, Östberg, Per, Painter, Marcus, Palan, Stefan, Palit, Imon, Park, Andreas, Pascual Gascó, Roberto, Pasquariello, Paolo, Pastor, Lubos, Dreber, Anna, Bach, Amadeus, Patel, Vinay, Patton, Andrew J., Pearson, Neil D., Pelizzon, Loriana, Pelster, Matthias, Pérignon, Christophe, Pfiffer, Cameron, Philip, Richard, Plíhal, Tomáš, Prakash, Puneet, Baidoo, Edwin, Press, Oliver-Alexander, Prodromou, Tina, Putnins, Talis J., Raizada, Gaurav, Rakowski, David A., Ranaldo, Angelo, Regis, Luca, Reitz, Stefan, Renault, Thomas, Wang, Renjie, Bakalli, Gaetan, Renò, Roberto, Riddiough, Steven, Rinne, Kalle, Rintamäki, Paul, Riordan, Ryan, Rittmannsberger, Thomas, Rodríguez Longarela, Iñaki, Rösch, Dominik, Rognone, Lavinia, Roseman, Brian, Barbon, Andrea, Rosu, Ioanid, Roy, Saurabh, Rudolf, Nicolas, Rush, Stephen, Rzayev, Khaladdin, Rzeźnik, Aleksandra, Sanford, Anthony, Sankaran, Harikumar, Sarkar, Asani, Sarno, Lucio, Bashchenko, Oksana, Scaillet, Olivier, Scharnowski, Stefan, Schenk-Hoppé, Klaus Reiner, Schertler, Andrea, Schneider, Michael, Schroeder, Florian, Schürhoff, Norman, Schuster, Philipp, Schwarz, Marco A., Seasholes, Mark S., Bindra, Parampreet Christopher, Seeger, Norman, Shachar, Or, Shkilko, Andriy, Shui, Jessica, Sikic, Mario, Simion, Giorgia, Smales, Lee A., Söderlind, Paul, Sojli, Elvira, Sokolov, Konstantin, Bjonnes, Geir Hoidal, Spokeviciute, Laima, Stefanova, Denitsa, Subrahmanyam, Marti G., Neusüss, Sebastian, Szaszi, Barnabas, Talavera, Oleksandr, Tang, Yuehua, Taylor, Nicholas, Tham, Wing Wah, Theissen, Erik, Black, Jeffrey R., Thimme, Julian, Tonks, Ian, Tran, Hai, Trapin, Luca, Trolle, Anders B., Valente, Giorgio, Van Ness, Robert A., Vasquez, Aurelio, Verousis, Thanos, Verwijmeren, Patrick, Black, Bernard S., Vilhelmsson, Anders, Vilkov, Grigory, Vladimirov, Vladimir, Vogel, Sebastian, Voigt, Stefan, Wagner, Wolf, Walther, Thomas, Weiss, Patrick, van der Wel, Michel, Werner, Ingrid M., Bohorquez, Santiago, Westerholm, P. Joakim, Westheide, Christian, Wipplinger, Evert, Wolf, Michael, Wolff, Christian C. P., Wolk, Leonard, Wong, Wing-Keung, Wrampelmeyer, Jan, Xia, Shuo, Xiu, Dacheng, Holzmeister, Felix, Bondarenko, Oleg, Xu, Ke, Xu, Caihong, Yadav, Pradeep K., Yagüe, José, Yan, Cheng, Yang, Antti, Yoo, Woongsun, Yu, Wenjia, Yu, Shihao, Yueshen, Bart Zhou, Bos, Charles S., Yuferova, Darya, Zamojski, Marcin, Zareei, Abalfazl, Zeisberger, Stefan, Zhang, Lu, Zhang, Xiaoyu, Zhong, Zhuo, Zhou, Z. Ivy, Zhou, Chen, Zhu, Xingyu, Bosch-Rosa, Ciril, Zoican, Marius, Zwinkels, Remco C.J., Chen, Jian, Duevski, Teodor, Gao, Ge, Gemayel, Roland, Gilder, Dudley, Kuhle, Paul, Pagnotta, Emiliano, Pelli, Michele, Bouri, Elie, Sönksen, Jantje, Ilczuk, Konrad, Bogoev, Dimitar, Qian, Ya, Wika, Hans C., Yu, Yihe, Zhao, Lu, Mi, Michael, Bao, Li, Brownlees, Christian T., Vaduva, Andreea, Prokopczuk, Marcel, Avetikian, Alejandro, Wu, Zhen-Xing, Calamia, Anna, Cao, Viet Nga, Capelle-Blancard, Gunther, Capera, Laura, Caporin, Massimiliano, Huber, Juergen, Carrion, Allen, Caskurlu, Tolga, Chakrabarty, Bidisha, Chernov, Mikhail, Cheung, William Ming Yan, Chincarini, Ludwig B., Chordia, Tarun, Chow, Sheung Chi, Clapham, Benjamin, Colliard, Jean-Edouard, Johanneson, Magnus, Comerton-Forde, Carole, Curran, Edward, Dao, Thong, Dare, Wale, Davies, Ryan J., De Blasis, Riccardo, De Nard, Gianluca, Declerck, Fany, Deev, Oleg, Degryse, Hans, Kirchler, Michael, Deku, Solomon, Desagre, Christophe, Dim, Chukwuma, Dimpfl, Thomas, Dong, Yun Jiang, Drummond, Philip, Dudda, Tom, Dumitrescu, Ariadna, Dyakov, Teodor, Razen, Michael, Dyhrberg, Anne Haubo, Dzieliński, Michał, Eksi, Asli, El Kalak, Izidin, ter Ellen, Saskia, Eugster, Nicolas, Evans, Martin D.D., Farrell, Michael, Félez-Viñas, Ester, Ferrara, Gerardo, Weitzel, Utz, FERROUHI, El Mehdi, Flori, Andrea, Fluharty-Jaidee, Jonathan, Foley, Sean, Fong, Kingsley Y. L., Foucault, Thierry, Franus, Tatiana, Franzoni, Francesco A., Frijns, Bart, Frömmel, Michael, Abad, David, Fu, Servanna Mianjun, Füllbrunn, Sascha, Gan, Baoqing, Gehrig, Thomas, Gerritsen, Dirk, Gil-Bazo, Javier, Glosten, Lawrence R., Gomez, Thomas, Gorbenko, Arseny, Güçbilmez, Ufuk, and Van Dijk, Matthijs A.
Abstract: In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty—nonstandard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for more reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer-review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by participants.
Published: 2024

12. Positive psychosocial factors may protect against perceived stress in people with systemic lupus erythematosus with and without trauma history.

Author: DeQuattro, Kimberly, DeQuattro, Kimberly, Trupin, Laura, Patterson, Sarah, Rush, Stephanie, Gordon, Caroline, Greenlund, Kurt, Barbour, Kamil, Lanata, Cristina, Criswell, Lindsey, DallEra, Maria, Katz, Patricia, Yazdany, Jinoos, DeQuattro, Kimberly, DeQuattro, Kimberly, Trupin, Laura, Patterson, Sarah, Rush, Stephanie, Gordon, Caroline, Greenlund, Kurt, Barbour, Kamil, Lanata, Cristina, Criswell, Lindsey, DallEra, Maria, Katz, Patricia, and Yazdany, Jinoos
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Trauma history is associated with SLE onset and worse patient-reported outcomes; perceived stress is associated with greater SLE disease activity. Stress perceptions vary in response to life events and may be influenced by psychosocial factors. In an SLE cohort, we examined whether stressful events associated with perceived stress, whether psychosocial factors affected perceived stress, and whether these relationships varied by prior trauma exposure. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional analysis of data from the California Lupus Epidemiology Study, an adult SLE cohort. Multivariable linear regression analyses controlling for age, gender, educational attainment, income, SLE damage, comorbid conditions, glucocorticoids ≥7.5 mg/day and depression examined associations of recent stressful events (Life Events Inventory) and positive (resilience, self-efficacy, emotional support) and negative (social isolation) psychosocial factors with perceived stress. Analyses were stratified by lifetime trauma history (Brief Trauma Questionnaire (BTQ)) and by adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in a subset. RESULTS: Among 242 individuals with SLE, a greater number of recent stressful events was associated with greater perceived stress (beta (95% CI)=0.20 (0.07 to 0.33), p=0.003). Positive psychosocial factor score representing resilience, self-efficacy and emotional support was associated with lower perceived stress when accounting for number of stressful events (-0.67 (-0.94 to -0.40), p<0.0001); social isolation was associated with higher stress (0.20 (0.14 to 0.25), p<0.0001). In analyses stratified by BTQ trauma and ACEs, associations of psychosocial factors and perceived stress were similar between groups. However, the number of recent stressful events was significantly associated with perceived stress only for people with BTQ trauma (0.17 (0.05 to 0.29), p=0.0077) and ACEs (0.37 (0.15 to 0.58), p=0.0011). CONCLUSION: Enhancing positive and lessening negative psyc
Published: 2024

13. Tidal and seasonal influence on cold seep activity and methanotroph efficiency in the North Sea

Author: de Groot, Tim R., Menoud, Malika, van Bleijswijk, Judith, van Leeuwen, Sonja M., van der Molen, J., Hernando-Morales, Victor, Czerski, Helen, Maazallahi, Hossein, Walter, Sylvia, Rush, Darci, Röckmann, Thomas, Niemann, Helge, de Groot, Tim R., Menoud, Malika, van Bleijswijk, Judith, van Leeuwen, Sonja M., van der Molen, J., Hernando-Morales, Victor, Czerski, Helen, Maazallahi, Hossein, Walter, Sylvia, Rush, Darci, Röckmann, Thomas, and Niemann, Helge
Abstract: The ocean’s methane emission to the atmosphere is dominated by continental shelves where cold seeps are globally common features. Seeps emit methane into the hydrosphere, but temporal variations and controls of seep activity and the efficiency of the microbial methane filter in the water column are scarce. Here we address these knowledge gaps by measuring whole water column methane inventories and methanotrophic activity at a temporal resolution of 2 hours at a North Sea cold seep (Doggerbank) in summer and autumn. We found that bottom water methane inventories were 68% (summer) and 11% (autumn) higher during low tide compared to high tide coinciding with increased methanotrophic activity. The activity of methanotrophs was reduced during autumn when the water column was fully mixed and matched by higher methane emissions to the atmosphere. Our results show that tides are underappreciated controls on seepage and methanotrophic activity and methane sea–atmosphere fluxes.
Published: 2024

14. Nonstandard Errors

Author: Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Economía Financiera y Contabilidad, Menkveld, Albert J., Dreber, Anna, Holzmeister, Felix, Huber, Juergen, Johannesson, Magnus, Kirchler, Michael, Neusüß, Sebastian, Razen, Michael, Weitzel, Utz, Abad, David, Abudy, Menachem (Meni), Adrian, Tobias, Ait-Sahalia, Yacine, Akmansoy, Olivier, Alcock, Jamie T., Alexeev, Vitali, Aloosh, Arash, Amato, Livia, Amaya, Diego, Angel, James J., Avetikian, Alejandro T., Bach, Amadeus, Baidoo, Edwin, Bakalli, Gaetan, Bao, Li, Barbon, Andrea, Bashchenko, Oksana, Bindra, Parampreet C., Bjønnes, Geir H., Black, Jeffrey R., Black, Bernard S., Bogoev, Dimitar, Bohorquez Correa, Santiago, Bondarenko, Oleg, Bos, Charles S., Bosch-Rosa, Ciril, Bouri, Elie, Brownlees, Christian, Calamia, Anna, Cao, Viet Nga, Capelle-Blancard, Gunther, Capera Romero, Laura M., Caporin, Massimiliano, Carrion, Allen, Caskurlu, Tolga, Chakrabarty, Bidisha, Chen, Jian, Chernov, Mikhail, Cheung, William, Chincarini, Ludwig B., Chordia, Tarun, Chow, Sheung-Chi, Clapham, Benjamin, Colliard, Jean-Edouard, Comerton-Forde, Carole, Curran, Edward, Dao, Thong, Dare, Wale, Davies, Ryan J., De Blasis, Riccardo, De Nard, Gianluca F., Declerck, Fany, Deev, Oleg, Degryse, Hans, Deku, Solomon Y., Desagre, Christophe, Van Dijk, Mathijs A., Dim, Chukwuma, Dimpfl, Thomas, Dong, Yun Jiang, Drummond, Philip A., Dudda, Tom, Duevski, Teodor, Dumitrescu, Ariadna, Dyakov, Teodor, Dyhrberg, Anne Haubo, Dzieliński, Michał, Eksi, Asli, El Kalak, Izidin, Ellen, Saskia Ter, Eugster, Nicolas, Evans, Martin D. D., Farrell, Michael, Felez-Vinas, Ester, Ferrara, Gerardo, Ferrouhi, El Mehdi, Flori, Andrea, Fluharty-Jaidee, Jonathan T., Foley, Sean D. V., Fong, Kingsley Y. L., Foucault, Thierry, Franus, Tatiana, Franzoni, Francesco, Frijns, Bart, Frömmel, Michael, Fu, Servanna M., Füllbrunn, Sascha C., Gan, Baoqing, Gao, Ge, Gehrig, Thomas P., Gemayel, Roland, Gerritsen, Dirk, Gil-Bazo, Javier, Gilder, Dudley, Glosten, Lawrence R., Gomez, Thomas, Gorbenko, Arseny, Grammig, Joachim, Grégoire, Vincent, Güçbilmez, Ufuk, Hagströmer, Björn, Hambuckers, Julien, Hapnes, Erik, Harris, Jeffrey H., Harris, Lawrence, Hartmann, Simon, Hasse, Jean-Baptiste, Hautsch, Nikolaus, He, Xue-Zhong (Tony), Heath, Davidson, Hediger, Simon, Hendershott, Terrence, Hibbert, Ann Marie, Hjalmarsson, Erik, Hoelscher, Seth A., Hoffmann, Peter, Holden, Craig W., Horenstein, Alex R., Huang, Wenqian, Huang, Da, Hurlin, Christophe, Ilczuk, Konrad, Ivashchenko, Alexey, Iyer, Subramanian R., Jahanshahloo, Hossein, Jalkh, Naji, Jones, Charles M., Jurkatis, Simon, Jylhä, Petri, Kaeck, Andreas T., Kaiser, Gabriel, Karam, Arzé, Karmaziene, Egle, Kassner, Bernhard, Kaustia, Markku, Kazak, Ekaterina, Kearney, Fearghal, Van Kervel, Vincent, Khan, Saad A., Khomyn, Marta K., Klein, Tony, Klein, Olga, Klos, Alexander, Koetter, Michael, Kolokolov, Aleksey, Korajczyk, Robert A., Kozhan, Roman, Krahnen, Jan P., Kuhle, Paul, Kwan, Amy, Lajaunie, Quentin, Lam, F. Y. Eric C., Lambert, Marie, Langlois, Hugues, Lausen, Jens, Lauter, Tobias, Leippold, Markus, Levin, Vladimir, Li, Yijie, Li, Hui, Liew, Chee Yoong, Lindner, Thomas, Linton, Oliver, Liu, Jiacheng, Liu, Anqi, Llorente, Guillermo, Lof, Matthijs, Lohr, Ariel, Longstaff, Francis, Lopez-Lira, Alejandro, Mankad, Shawn, Mano, Nicola, Marchal, Alexis, Martineau, Charles, Mazzola, Francesco, Meloso, Debrah, Mi, Michael G., Mihet, Roxana, Mohan, Vijay, Moinas, Sophie, Moore, David, Mu, Liangyi, Muravyev, Dmitriy, Murphy, Dermot, Neszveda, Gabor, Neumeier, Christian, Nielsson, Ulf, Nimalendran, Mahendrarajah, Nolte, Sven, Norden, Lars L., O'neill, Peter, Obaid, Khaled, Ødegaard, Bernt A., Östberg, Per, Pagnotta, Emiliano, Painter, Marcus, Palan, Stefan, Palit, Imon J., Park, Andreas, Pascual, Roberto, Pasquariello, Paolo, Pastor, Lubos, Patel, Vinay, Patton, Andrew J., Pearson, Neil D., Pelizzon, Loriana, Pelli, Michele, Pelster, Matthias, Pérignon, Christophe, Pfiffer, Cameron, Philip, Richard, Plíhal, Tomáš, Prakash, Puneet, Press, Oliver-Alexander, Prodromou, Tina, Prokopczuk, Marcel, Putnins, Talis, Qian, Ya, Raizada, Gaurav, Rakowski, David, Ranaldo, Angelo, Regis, Luca, Reitz, Stefan, Renault, Thomas, Renjie, Rex W., Reno, Roberto, Riddiough, Steven J., Rinne, Kalle, Rintamäki, Paul, Riordan, Ryan, Rittmannsberger, Thomas, Rodríguez Longarela, Iñaki, Roesch, Dominik, Rognone, Lavinia, Roseman, Brian, Roşu, Ioanid, Roy, Saurabh, Rudolf, Nicolas, Rush, Stephen R., Rzayev, Khaladdin, Rzeźnik, Aleksandra A., Sanford, Anthony, Sankaran, Harikumar, Sarkar, Asani, Sarno, Lucio, Scaillet, Olivier, Scharnowski, Stefan, Schenk-Hoppé, Klaus R., Schertler, Andrea, Schneider, Michael, Schroeder, Florian, Schürhoff, Norman, Schuster, Philipp, Schwarz, Marco A., Seasholes, Mark S., Seeger, Norman J., Shachar, Or, Shkilko, Andriy, Shui, Jessica, Sikic, Mario, Simion, Giorgia, Smales, Lee A., Söderlind, Paul, Sojli, Elvira, Sokolov, Konstantin, Sönksen, Jantje, Spokeviciute, Laima, Stefanova, Denitsa, Subrahmanyam, Marti G., Szaszi, Barnabas, Talavera, Oleksandr, Tang, Yuehua, Taylor, Nick, Tham, Wing Wah, Theissen, Erik, Thimme, Julian, Tonks, Ian, Tran, Hai, Trapin, Luca, Trolle, Anders B., Vaduva, M. Andreea, Valente, Giorgio, Van Ness, Robert A., Vasquez, Aurelio, Verousis, Thanos, Verwijmeren, Patrick, Vilhelmsson, Anders, Vilkov, Grigory, Vladimirov, Vladimir, Vogel, Sebastian, Voigt, Stefan, Wagner, Wolf, Walther, Thomas, Weiss, Patrick, Van Der Wel, Michel, Werner, Ingrid M., Westerholm, P. Joakim, Westheide, Christian, Wika, Hans C., Wipplinger, Evert, Wolf, Michael, Wolff, Christian C. P., Wolk, Leonard, Wong, Wing-Keung, Wrampelmeyer, Jan, Wu, Zhen-Xing, Xia, Shuo, Xiu, Dacheng, Xu, Ke, Xu, Caihong, Yadav, Pradeep K., Yagüe, José, Yan, Cheng, Yang, Antti, Yoo, Woongsun, Yu, Wenjia, Yu, Yihe, Yu, Shihao, Yueshen, Bart Z., Yuferova, Darya, Zamojski, Marcin, Zareei, Abalfazl, Zeisberger, Stefan M., Zhang, Lu, Zhang, S. Sarah, Zhang, Xiaoyu, Zhao, Lu, Zhong, Zhuo, Zhou, Z. Ivy, Zhou, Chen, Zhu, Xingyu S., Zoican, Marius, Zwinkels, Remco, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Economía Financiera y Contabilidad, Menkveld, Albert J., Dreber, Anna, Holzmeister, Felix, Huber, Juergen, Johannesson, Magnus, Kirchler, Michael, Neusüß, Sebastian, Razen, Michael, Weitzel, Utz, Abad, David, Abudy, Menachem (Meni), Adrian, Tobias, Ait-Sahalia, Yacine, Akmansoy, Olivier, Alcock, Jamie T., Alexeev, Vitali, Aloosh, Arash, Amato, Livia, Amaya, Diego, Angel, James J., Avetikian, Alejandro T., Bach, Amadeus, Baidoo, Edwin, Bakalli, Gaetan, Bao, Li, Barbon, Andrea, Bashchenko, Oksana, Bindra, Parampreet C., Bjønnes, Geir H., Black, Jeffrey R., Black, Bernard S., Bogoev, Dimitar, Bohorquez Correa, Santiago, Bondarenko, Oleg, Bos, Charles S., Bosch-Rosa, Ciril, Bouri, Elie, Brownlees, Christian, Calamia, Anna, Cao, Viet Nga, Capelle-Blancard, Gunther, Capera Romero, Laura M., Caporin, Massimiliano, Carrion, Allen, Caskurlu, Tolga, Chakrabarty, Bidisha, Chen, Jian, Chernov, Mikhail, Cheung, William, Chincarini, Ludwig B., Chordia, Tarun, Chow, Sheung-Chi, Clapham, Benjamin, Colliard, Jean-Edouard, Comerton-Forde, Carole, Curran, Edward, Dao, Thong, Dare, Wale, Davies, Ryan J., De Blasis, Riccardo, De Nard, Gianluca F., Declerck, Fany, Deev, Oleg, Degryse, Hans, Deku, Solomon Y., Desagre, Christophe, Van Dijk, Mathijs A., Dim, Chukwuma, Dimpfl, Thomas, Dong, Yun Jiang, Drummond, Philip A., Dudda, Tom, Duevski, Teodor, Dumitrescu, Ariadna, Dyakov, Teodor, Dyhrberg, Anne Haubo, Dzieliński, Michał, Eksi, Asli, El Kalak, Izidin, Ellen, Saskia Ter, Eugster, Nicolas, Evans, Martin D. D., Farrell, Michael, Felez-Vinas, Ester, Ferrara, Gerardo, Ferrouhi, El Mehdi, Flori, Andrea, Fluharty-Jaidee, Jonathan T., Foley, Sean D. V., Fong, Kingsley Y. L., Foucault, Thierry, Franus, Tatiana, Franzoni, Francesco, Frijns, Bart, Frömmel, Michael, Fu, Servanna M., Füllbrunn, Sascha C., Gan, Baoqing, Gao, Ge, Gehrig, Thomas P., Gemayel, Roland, Gerritsen, Dirk, Gil-Bazo, Javier, Gilder, Dudley, Glosten, Lawrence R., Gomez, Thomas, Gorbenko, Arseny, Grammig, Joachim, Grégoire, Vincent, Güçbilmez, Ufuk, Hagströmer, Björn, Hambuckers, Julien, Hapnes, Erik, Harris, Jeffrey H., Harris, Lawrence, Hartmann, Simon, Hasse, Jean-Baptiste, Hautsch, Nikolaus, He, Xue-Zhong (Tony), Heath, Davidson, Hediger, Simon, Hendershott, Terrence, Hibbert, Ann Marie, Hjalmarsson, Erik, Hoelscher, Seth A., Hoffmann, Peter, Holden, Craig W., Horenstein, Alex R., Huang, Wenqian, Huang, Da, Hurlin, Christophe, Ilczuk, Konrad, Ivashchenko, Alexey, Iyer, Subramanian R., Jahanshahloo, Hossein, Jalkh, Naji, Jones, Charles M., Jurkatis, Simon, Jylhä, Petri, Kaeck, Andreas T., Kaiser, Gabriel, Karam, Arzé, Karmaziene, Egle, Kassner, Bernhard, Kaustia, Markku, Kazak, Ekaterina, Kearney, Fearghal, Van Kervel, Vincent, Khan, Saad A., Khomyn, Marta K., Klein, Tony, Klein, Olga, Klos, Alexander, Koetter, Michael, Kolokolov, Aleksey, Korajczyk, Robert A., Kozhan, Roman, Krahnen, Jan P., Kuhle, Paul, Kwan, Amy, Lajaunie, Quentin, Lam, F. Y. Eric C., Lambert, Marie, Langlois, Hugues, Lausen, Jens, Lauter, Tobias, Leippold, Markus, Levin, Vladimir, Li, Yijie, Li, Hui, Liew, Chee Yoong, Lindner, Thomas, Linton, Oliver, Liu, Jiacheng, Liu, Anqi, Llorente, Guillermo, Lof, Matthijs, Lohr, Ariel, Longstaff, Francis, Lopez-Lira, Alejandro, Mankad, Shawn, Mano, Nicola, Marchal, Alexis, Martineau, Charles, Mazzola, Francesco, Meloso, Debrah, Mi, Michael G., Mihet, Roxana, Mohan, Vijay, Moinas, Sophie, Moore, David, Mu, Liangyi, Muravyev, Dmitriy, Murphy, Dermot, Neszveda, Gabor, Neumeier, Christian, Nielsson, Ulf, Nimalendran, Mahendrarajah, Nolte, Sven, Norden, Lars L., O'neill, Peter, Obaid, Khaled, Ødegaard, Bernt A., Östberg, Per, Pagnotta, Emiliano, Painter, Marcus, Palan, Stefan, Palit, Imon J., Park, Andreas, Pascual, Roberto, Pasquariello, Paolo, Pastor, Lubos, Patel, Vinay, Patton, Andrew J., Pearson, Neil D., Pelizzon, Loriana, Pelli, Michele, Pelster, Matthias, Pérignon, Christophe, Pfiffer, Cameron, Philip, Richard, Plíhal, Tomáš, Prakash, Puneet, Press, Oliver-Alexander, Prodromou, Tina, Prokopczuk, Marcel, Putnins, Talis, Qian, Ya, Raizada, Gaurav, Rakowski, David, Ranaldo, Angelo, Regis, Luca, Reitz, Stefan, Renault, Thomas, Renjie, Rex W., Reno, Roberto, Riddiough, Steven J., Rinne, Kalle, Rintamäki, Paul, Riordan, Ryan, Rittmannsberger, Thomas, Rodríguez Longarela, Iñaki, Roesch, Dominik, Rognone, Lavinia, Roseman, Brian, Roşu, Ioanid, Roy, Saurabh, Rudolf, Nicolas, Rush, Stephen R., Rzayev, Khaladdin, Rzeźnik, Aleksandra A., Sanford, Anthony, Sankaran, Harikumar, Sarkar, Asani, Sarno, Lucio, Scaillet, Olivier, Scharnowski, Stefan, Schenk-Hoppé, Klaus R., Schertler, Andrea, Schneider, Michael, Schroeder, Florian, Schürhoff, Norman, Schuster, Philipp, Schwarz, Marco A., Seasholes, Mark S., Seeger, Norman J., Shachar, Or, Shkilko, Andriy, Shui, Jessica, Sikic, Mario, Simion, Giorgia, Smales, Lee A., Söderlind, Paul, Sojli, Elvira, Sokolov, Konstantin, Sönksen, Jantje, Spokeviciute, Laima, Stefanova, Denitsa, Subrahmanyam, Marti G., Szaszi, Barnabas, Talavera, Oleksandr, Tang, Yuehua, Taylor, Nick, Tham, Wing Wah, Theissen, Erik, Thimme, Julian, Tonks, Ian, Tran, Hai, Trapin, Luca, Trolle, Anders B., Vaduva, M. Andreea, Valente, Giorgio, Van Ness, Robert A., Vasquez, Aurelio, Verousis, Thanos, Verwijmeren, Patrick, Vilhelmsson, Anders, Vilkov, Grigory, Vladimirov, Vladimir, Vogel, Sebastian, Voigt, Stefan, Wagner, Wolf, Walther, Thomas, Weiss, Patrick, Van Der Wel, Michel, Werner, Ingrid M., Westerholm, P. Joakim, Westheide, Christian, Wika, Hans C., Wipplinger, Evert, Wolf, Michael, Wolff, Christian C. P., Wolk, Leonard, Wong, Wing-Keung, Wrampelmeyer, Jan, Wu, Zhen-Xing, Xia, Shuo, Xiu, Dacheng, Xu, Ke, Xu, Caihong, Yadav, Pradeep K., Yagüe, José, Yan, Cheng, Yang, Antti, Yoo, Woongsun, Yu, Wenjia, Yu, Yihe, Yu, Shihao, Yueshen, Bart Z., Yuferova, Darya, Zamojski, Marcin, Zareei, Abalfazl, Zeisberger, Stefan M., Zhang, Lu, Zhang, S. Sarah, Zhang, Xiaoyu, Zhao, Lu, Zhong, Zhuo, Zhou, Z. Ivy, Zhou, Chen, Zhu, Xingyu S., Zoican, Marius, and Zwinkels, Remco
Abstract: In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty—nonstandard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for more reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer-review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by participants.
Published: 2024

15. University of Kent’s response to the REF 2029 Open Access Policy consultation

Author: Bass, Rosalyn, Duffy, Suzanne, Rush, Justine, Bass, Rosalyn, Duffy, Suzanne, and Rush, Justine
Published: 2024

16. Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ): Rationale and Study Design of the Largest Global Prospective Cohort Study of Clinical High Risk for Psychosis

Author: Wannan, CMJ, Nelson, B, Addington, J, Allott, K, Anticevic, A, Arango, C, Baker, JT, Bearden, CE, Billah, T, Bouix, S, Broome, MR, Buccilli, K, Cadenhead, KS, Calkins, ME, Cannon, TD, Cecci, G, Chen, EYH, Cho, KIK, Choi, J, Clark, SR, Coleman, MJ, Conus, P, Corcoran, CM, Cornblatt, BA, Diaz-Caneja, CM, Dwyer, D, Ebdrup, BH, Ellman, LM, Fusar-Poli, P, Galindo, L, Gaspar, PA, Gerber, C, Glenthoj, LB, Glynn, R, Harms, MP, Horton, LE, Kahn, RS, Kambeitz, J, Kambeitz-Ilankovic, L, Kane, JM, Kapur, T, Keshavan, MS, Kim, S-W, Koutsouleris, N, Kubicki, M, Kwon, JS, Langbein, K, Lewandowski, KE, Light, GA, Mamah, D, Marcy, PJ, Mathalon, DH, McGorry, PD, Mittal, VA, Nordentoft, M, Nunez, A, Pasternak, O, Pearlson, GD, Perez, J, Perkins, DO, Powers, AR, Roalf, DR, Sabb, FW, Schiffman, J, Shah, JL, Smesny, S, Spark, J, Stone, WS, Strauss, GP, Tamayo, Z, Torous, J, Upthegrove, R, Vangel, M, Verma, S, Wang, J, Winter-van Rossum, I, Wolf, DH, Wolff, P, Wood, SJ, Yung, AR, Agurto, C, Alvarez-Jimenez, M, Amminger, P, Armando, M, Asgari-Targhi, A, Cahill, J, Carrion, RE, Castro, E, Cetin-Karayumak, S, Chakravarty, MM, Cho, YT, Cotter, D, D'Alfonso, S, Ennis, M, Fadnavis, S, Fonteneau, C, Gao, C, Gupta, T, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Hamilton, HK, Hoftman, GD, Jacobs, GR, Jarcho, J, Ji, JL, Kohler, CG, Lalousis, PA, Lavoie, S, Lepage, M, Liebenthal, E, Mervis, J, Murty, V, Nicholas, SC, Ning, L, Penzel, N, Poldrack, R, Polosecki, P, Pratt, DN, Rabin, R, Eichi, HR, Rathi, Y, Reichenberg, A, Reinen, J, Rogers, J, Ruiz-Yu, B, Scott, I, Seitz-Holland, J, Srihari, VH, Srivastava, A, Thompson, A, Turetsky, BI, Walsh, BC, Whitford, T, Wigman, JTW, Yao, B, Yuen, HP, Ahmed, U, Byun, AJS, Chung, Y, Do, K, Hendricks, L, Huynh, K, Jeffries, C, Lane, E, Langholm, C, Lin, E, Mantua, V, Santorelli, G, Ruparel, K, Zoupou, E, Adasme, T, Addamo, L, Adery, L, Ali, M, Auther, A, Aversa, S, Baek, S-H, Bates, K, Bathery, A, Bayer, JMM, Beedham, R, Bilgrami, Z, Birch, S, Bonoldi, I, Borders, O, Borgatti, R, Brown, L, Bruna, A, Carrington, H, Castillo-Passi, RI, Chen, J, Cheng, N, Ching, AE, Clifford, C, Colton, B-L, Contreras, P, Corral, S, Damiani, S, Done, M, Estrade, A, Etuka, BA, Formica, M, Furlan, R, Geljic, M, Germano, C, Getachew, R, Goncalves, M, Haidar, A, Hartmann, J, Jo, A, John, O, Kerins, S, Kerr, M, Kesselring, I, Kim, H, Kim, N, Kinney, K, Krcmar, M, Kotler, E, Lafanechere, M, Lee, C, Llerena, J, Markiewicz, C, Matnejl, P, Maturana, A, Mavambu, A, Mayol-Troncoso, R, McDonnell, A, McGowan, A, McLaughlin, D, McIlhenny, R, McQueen, B, Mebrahtu, Y, Mensi, M, Hui, CLM, Suen, YN, Wong, SMY, Morrell, N, Omar, M, Partridge, A, Phassouliotis, C, Pichiecchio, A, Politi, P, Porter, C, Provenzani, U, Prunier, N, Raj, J, Ray, S, Rayner, V, Reyes, M, Reynolds, K, Rush, S, Salinas, C, Shetty, J, Snowball, C, Tod, S, Turra-Farina, G, Valle, D, Veale, S, Whitson, S, Wickham, A, Youn, S, Zamorano, F, Zavaglia, E, Zinberg, J, Woods, SW, Shenton, ME, Wannan, CMJ, Nelson, B, Addington, J, Allott, K, Anticevic, A, Arango, C, Baker, JT, Bearden, CE, Billah, T, Bouix, S, Broome, MR, Buccilli, K, Cadenhead, KS, Calkins, ME, Cannon, TD, Cecci, G, Chen, EYH, Cho, KIK, Choi, J, Clark, SR, Coleman, MJ, Conus, P, Corcoran, CM, Cornblatt, BA, Diaz-Caneja, CM, Dwyer, D, Ebdrup, BH, Ellman, LM, Fusar-Poli, P, Galindo, L, Gaspar, PA, Gerber, C, Glenthoj, LB, Glynn, R, Harms, MP, Horton, LE, Kahn, RS, Kambeitz, J, Kambeitz-Ilankovic, L, Kane, JM, Kapur, T, Keshavan, MS, Kim, S-W, Koutsouleris, N, Kubicki, M, Kwon, JS, Langbein, K, Lewandowski, KE, Light, GA, Mamah, D, Marcy, PJ, Mathalon, DH, McGorry, PD, Mittal, VA, Nordentoft, M, Nunez, A, Pasternak, O, Pearlson, GD, Perez, J, Perkins, DO, Powers, AR, Roalf, DR, Sabb, FW, Schiffman, J, Shah, JL, Smesny, S, Spark, J, Stone, WS, Strauss, GP, Tamayo, Z, Torous, J, Upthegrove, R, Vangel, M, Verma, S, Wang, J, Winter-van Rossum, I, Wolf, DH, Wolff, P, Wood, SJ, Yung, AR, Agurto, C, Alvarez-Jimenez, M, Amminger, P, Armando, M, Asgari-Targhi, A, Cahill, J, Carrion, RE, Castro, E, Cetin-Karayumak, S, Chakravarty, MM, Cho, YT, Cotter, D, D'Alfonso, S, Ennis, M, Fadnavis, S, Fonteneau, C, Gao, C, Gupta, T, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Hamilton, HK, Hoftman, GD, Jacobs, GR, Jarcho, J, Ji, JL, Kohler, CG, Lalousis, PA, Lavoie, S, Lepage, M, Liebenthal, E, Mervis, J, Murty, V, Nicholas, SC, Ning, L, Penzel, N, Poldrack, R, Polosecki, P, Pratt, DN, Rabin, R, Eichi, HR, Rathi, Y, Reichenberg, A, Reinen, J, Rogers, J, Ruiz-Yu, B, Scott, I, Seitz-Holland, J, Srihari, VH, Srivastava, A, Thompson, A, Turetsky, BI, Walsh, BC, Whitford, T, Wigman, JTW, Yao, B, Yuen, HP, Ahmed, U, Byun, AJS, Chung, Y, Do, K, Hendricks, L, Huynh, K, Jeffries, C, Lane, E, Langholm, C, Lin, E, Mantua, V, Santorelli, G, Ruparel, K, Zoupou, E, Adasme, T, Addamo, L, Adery, L, Ali, M, Auther, A, Aversa, S, Baek, S-H, Bates, K, Bathery, A, Bayer, JMM, Beedham, R, Bilgrami, Z, Birch, S, Bonoldi, I, Borders, O, Borgatti, R, Brown, L, Bruna, A, Carrington, H, Castillo-Passi, RI, Chen, J, Cheng, N, Ching, AE, Clifford, C, Colton, B-L, Contreras, P, Corral, S, Damiani, S, Done, M, Estrade, A, Etuka, BA, Formica, M, Furlan, R, Geljic, M, Germano, C, Getachew, R, Goncalves, M, Haidar, A, Hartmann, J, Jo, A, John, O, Kerins, S, Kerr, M, Kesselring, I, Kim, H, Kim, N, Kinney, K, Krcmar, M, Kotler, E, Lafanechere, M, Lee, C, Llerena, J, Markiewicz, C, Matnejl, P, Maturana, A, Mavambu, A, Mayol-Troncoso, R, McDonnell, A, McGowan, A, McLaughlin, D, McIlhenny, R, McQueen, B, Mebrahtu, Y, Mensi, M, Hui, CLM, Suen, YN, Wong, SMY, Morrell, N, Omar, M, Partridge, A, Phassouliotis, C, Pichiecchio, A, Politi, P, Porter, C, Provenzani, U, Prunier, N, Raj, J, Ray, S, Rayner, V, Reyes, M, Reynolds, K, Rush, S, Salinas, C, Shetty, J, Snowball, C, Tod, S, Turra-Farina, G, Valle, D, Veale, S, Whitson, S, Wickham, A, Youn, S, Zamorano, F, Zavaglia, E, Zinberg, J, Woods, SW, and Shenton, ME
Abstract: This article describes the rationale, aims, and methodology of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ). This is the largest international collaboration to date that will develop algorithms to predict trajectories and outcomes of individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis and to advance the development and use of novel pharmacological interventions for CHR individuals. We present a description of the participating research networks and the data processing analysis and coordination center, their processes for data harmonization across 43 sites from 13 participating countries (recruitment across North America, Australia, Europe, Asia, and South America), data flow and quality assessment processes, data analyses, and the transfer of data to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Data Archive (NDA) for use by the research community. In an expected sample of approximately 2000 CHR individuals and 640 matched healthy controls, AMP SCZ will collect clinical, environmental, and cognitive data along with multimodal biomarkers, including neuroimaging, electrophysiology, fluid biospecimens, speech and facial expression samples, novel measures derived from digital health technologies including smartphone-based daily surveys, and passive sensing as well as actigraphy. The study will investigate a range of clinical outcomes over a 2-year period, including transition to psychosis, remission or persistence of CHR status, attenuated positive symptoms, persistent negative symptoms, mood and anxiety symptoms, and psychosocial functioning. The global reach of AMP SCZ and its harmonized innovative methods promise to catalyze the development of new treatments to address critical unmet clinical and public health needs in CHR individuals.
Published: 2024

17. Nonstandard Errors

Author: MENKVELD, AJ, DREBER, A, HOLZMEISTER, F, HUBER, J, JOHANNESSON, M, KIRCHLER, M, NEUSÜß, S, RAZEN, M, WEITZEL, U, ABAD‐DÍAZ, D, ABUDY, M, MANO, N, MARCHAL, A, MARTINEAU, C, MAZZOLA, F, MELOSO, D, MI, MG, MIHET, R, MOHAN, V, MOINAS, S, ANGEL, JJ, GEMAYEL, R, MOORE, D, MU, L, MURAVYEV, D, MURPHY, D, NESZVEDA, G, NEUMEIER, C, NIELSSON, U, NIMALENDRAN, M, NOLTE, S, NORDEN, LL, GERRITSEN, D, AVETIKIAN, AT, O'NEILL, P, OBAID, K, ØDEGAARD, BA, ÖSTBERG, P, PAGNOTTA, E, PAINTER, M, PALAN, S, PALIT, IJ, PARK, A, GIL‐BAZO, J, PASCUAL, R, BACH, A, PASQUARIELLO, P, PASTOR, L, PATEL, V, PATTON, AJ, PEARSON, ND, PELIZZON, L, PELLI, M, PELSTER, M, GILDER, D, PÉRIGNON, C, PFIFFER, C, BAIDOO, E, PHILIP, R, PLÍHAL, T, PRAKASH, P, PRESS, O, PRODROMOU, T, PROKOPCZUK, M, PUTNINS, T, GLOSTEN, LR, QIAN, Y, RAIZADA, G, RAKOWSKI, D, BAKALLI, G, RANALDO, A, REGIS, L, REITZ, S, RENAULT, T, RENJIE, RW, RENO, R, GOMEZ, T, RIDDIOUGH, SJ, RINNE, K, RINTAMÄKI, P, RIORDAN, R, BAO, L, RITTMANNSBERGER, T, LONGARELA, IR, ROESCH, D, ROGNONE, L, ROSEMAN, B, GORBENKO, A, ROŞU, I, ROY, S, RUDOLF, N, RUSH, SR, RZAYEV, K, BARBON, A, RZEŹNIK, AA, SANFORD, A, SANKARAN, H, SARKAR, A, GRAMMIG, J, SARNO, L, SCAILLET, O, SCHARNOWSKI, S, SCHENK‐HOPPÉ, KR, SCHERTLER, A, SCHNEIDER, M, BASHCHENKO, O, SCHROEDER, F, SCHÜRHOFF, N, SCHUSTER, P, GRÉGOIRE, V, SCHWARZ, MA, SEASHOLES, MS, SEEGER, NJ, SHACHAR, O, SHKILKO, A, SHUI, J, SIKIC, M, BINDRA, PC, SIMION, G, SMALES, LA, GÜÇBILMEZ, U, SÖDERLIND, P, SOJLI, E, SOKOLOV, K, SÖNKSEN, J, SPOKEVICIUTE, L, STEFANOVA, D, SUBRAHMANYAM, MG, SZASZI, B, BJØNNES, GH, TALAVERA, O, ADRIAN, T, TANG, Y, TAYLOR, N, THAM, W, THEISSEN, E, THIMME, J, TONKS, I, TRAN, H, TRAPIN, L, TROLLE, AB, BLACK, JR, HAGSTRÖMER, B, VADUVA, MA, VALENTE, G, VAN NESS, RA, VASQUEZ, A, VEROUSIS, T, VERWIJMEREN, P, VILHELMSSON, A, VILKOV, G, VLADIMIROV, V, VOGEL, S, HAMBUCKERS, J, BLACK, BS, VOIGT, S, WAGNER, W, WALTHER, T, WEISS, P, VAN DER WEL, M, WERNER, IM, WESTERHOLM, PJ, WESTHEIDE, C, WIKA, HC, HAPNES, E, WIPPLINGER, E, BOGOEV, D, WOLF, M, WOLFF, CCP, WOLK, L, WONG, W, WRAMPELMEYER, J, WU, Z, XIA, S, XIU, D, HARRIS, JH, XU, K, XU, C, CORREA, SB, YADAV, PK, YAGÜE, J, YAN, C, YANG, A, YOO, W, YU, W, YU, Y, HARRIS, L, YU, S, YUESHEN, BZ, YUFEROVA, D, BONDARENKO, O, ZAMOJSKI, M, ZAREEI, A, ZEISBERGER, SM, ZHANG, L, ZHANG, SS, ZHANG, X, HARTMANN, S, ZHAO, L, ZHONG, Z, ZHOU, ZI, ZHOU, C, BOS, CS, ZHU, XS, ZOICAN, M, ZWINKELS, R, BOSCH‐ROSA, C, BOURI, E, HASSE, J, BROWNLEES, C, CALAMIA, A, CAO, VN, CAPELLE‐BLANCARD, G, ROMERO, LMC, CAPORIN, M, CARRION, A, CASKURLU, T, CHAKRABARTY, B, CHEN, J, HAUTSCH, N, CHERNOV, M, CHEUNG, W, CHINCARINI, LB, CHORDIA, T, CHOW, S, CLAPHAM, B, COLLIARD, J, COMERTON‐FORDE, C, CURRAN, E, DAO, T, HE, X, DARE, W, DAVIES, RJ, DE BLASIS, R, DE NARD, GF, DECLERCK, F, DEEV, O, DEGRYSE, H, DEKU, SY, DESAGRE, C, VAN DIJK, MA, HEATH, D, DIM, C, DIMPFL, T, DONG, YJ, DRUMMOND, PA, DUDDA, T, DUEVSKI, T, DUMITRESCU, A, DYAKOV, T, DYHRBERG, AH, DZIELIŃSKI, M, AIT‐SAHALIA, Y, EKSI, A, KALAK, IE, ELLEN, ST, EUGSTER, N, EVANS, MDD, FARRELL, M, FELEZ‐VINAS, E, FERRARA, G, FERROUHI, EM, FLORI, A, HEDIGER, S, FLUHARTY‐JAIDEE, JT, FOLEY, SDV, FONG, KYL, FOUCAULT, T, FRANUS, T, FRANZONI, F, FRIJNS, B, FRÖMMEL, M, FU, SM, FÜLLBRUNN, SC, HENDERSHOTT, T, GAN, B, GAO, G, GEHRIG, TP, HIBBERT, AM, HJALMARSSON, E, HOELSCHER, SA, HOFFMANN, P, HOLDEN, CW, HORENSTEIN, AR, HUANG, W, HUANG, D, AKMANSOY, O, HURLIN, C, ILCZUK, K, IVASHCHENKO, A, IYER, SR, JAHANSHAHLOO, H, JALKH, N, JONES, CM, JURKATIS, S, JYLHÄ, P, KAECK, AT, ALCOCK, JT, KAISER, G, KARAM, A, KARMAZIENE, E, KASSNER, B, KAUSTIA, M, KAZAK, E, KEARNEY, F, VAN KERVEL, V, KHAN, SA, KHOMYN, MK, ALEXEEV, V, KLEIN, T, KLEIN, O, KLOS, A, KOETTER, M, KOLOKOLOV, A, KORAJCZYK, RA, KOZHAN, R, KRAHNEN, JP, KUHLE, P, KWAN, A, ALOOSH, A, LAJAUNIE, Q, LAM, FYEC, LAMBERT, M, LANGLOIS, H, LAUSEN, J, LAUTER, T, LEIPPOLD, M, LEVIN, V, LI, Y, LI, H, AMATO, L, LIEW, CY, LINDNER, T, LINTON, O, LIU, J, LIU, A, LLORENTE, G, LOF, M, LOHR, A, LONGSTAFF, F, LOPEZ‐LIRA, A, AMAYA, D, MANKAD, S, MENKVELD, AJ, DREBER, A, HOLZMEISTER, F, HUBER, J, JOHANNESSON, M, KIRCHLER, M, NEUSÜß, S, RAZEN, M, WEITZEL, U, ABAD‐DÍAZ, D, ABUDY, M, MANO, N, MARCHAL, A, MARTINEAU, C, MAZZOLA, F, MELOSO, D, MI, MG, MIHET, R, MOHAN, V, MOINAS, S, ANGEL, JJ, GEMAYEL, R, MOORE, D, MU, L, MURAVYEV, D, MURPHY, D, NESZVEDA, G, NEUMEIER, C, NIELSSON, U, NIMALENDRAN, M, NOLTE, S, NORDEN, LL, GERRITSEN, D, AVETIKIAN, AT, O'NEILL, P, OBAID, K, ØDEGAARD, BA, ÖSTBERG, P, PAGNOTTA, E, PAINTER, M, PALAN, S, PALIT, IJ, PARK, A, GIL‐BAZO, J, PASCUAL, R, BACH, A, PASQUARIELLO, P, PASTOR, L, PATEL, V, PATTON, AJ, PEARSON, ND, PELIZZON, L, PELLI, M, PELSTER, M, GILDER, D, PÉRIGNON, C, PFIFFER, C, BAIDOO, E, PHILIP, R, PLÍHAL, T, PRAKASH, P, PRESS, O, PRODROMOU, T, PROKOPCZUK, M, PUTNINS, T, GLOSTEN, LR, QIAN, Y, RAIZADA, G, RAKOWSKI, D, BAKALLI, G, RANALDO, A, REGIS, L, REITZ, S, RENAULT, T, RENJIE, RW, RENO, R, GOMEZ, T, RIDDIOUGH, SJ, RINNE, K, RINTAMÄKI, P, RIORDAN, R, BAO, L, RITTMANNSBERGER, T, LONGARELA, IR, ROESCH, D, ROGNONE, L, ROSEMAN, B, GORBENKO, A, ROŞU, I, ROY, S, RUDOLF, N, RUSH, SR, RZAYEV, K, BARBON, A, RZEŹNIK, AA, SANFORD, A, SANKARAN, H, SARKAR, A, GRAMMIG, J, SARNO, L, SCAILLET, O, SCHARNOWSKI, S, SCHENK‐HOPPÉ, KR, SCHERTLER, A, SCHNEIDER, M, BASHCHENKO, O, SCHROEDER, F, SCHÜRHOFF, N, SCHUSTER, P, GRÉGOIRE, V, SCHWARZ, MA, SEASHOLES, MS, SEEGER, NJ, SHACHAR, O, SHKILKO, A, SHUI, J, SIKIC, M, BINDRA, PC, SIMION, G, SMALES, LA, GÜÇBILMEZ, U, SÖDERLIND, P, SOJLI, E, SOKOLOV, K, SÖNKSEN, J, SPOKEVICIUTE, L, STEFANOVA, D, SUBRAHMANYAM, MG, SZASZI, B, BJØNNES, GH, TALAVERA, O, ADRIAN, T, TANG, Y, TAYLOR, N, THAM, W, THEISSEN, E, THIMME, J, TONKS, I, TRAN, H, TRAPIN, L, TROLLE, AB, BLACK, JR, HAGSTRÖMER, B, VADUVA, MA, VALENTE, G, VAN NESS, RA, VASQUEZ, A, VEROUSIS, T, VERWIJMEREN, P, VILHELMSSON, A, VILKOV, G, VLADIMIROV, V, VOGEL, S, HAMBUCKERS, J, BLACK, BS, VOIGT, S, WAGNER, W, WALTHER, T, WEISS, P, VAN DER WEL, M, WERNER, IM, WESTERHOLM, PJ, WESTHEIDE, C, WIKA, HC, HAPNES, E, WIPPLINGER, E, BOGOEV, D, WOLF, M, WOLFF, CCP, WOLK, L, WONG, W, WRAMPELMEYER, J, WU, Z, XIA, S, XIU, D, HARRIS, JH, XU, K, XU, C, CORREA, SB, YADAV, PK, YAGÜE, J, YAN, C, YANG, A, YOO, W, YU, W, YU, Y, HARRIS, L, YU, S, YUESHEN, BZ, YUFEROVA, D, BONDARENKO, O, ZAMOJSKI, M, ZAREEI, A, ZEISBERGER, SM, ZHANG, L, ZHANG, SS, ZHANG, X, HARTMANN, S, ZHAO, L, ZHONG, Z, ZHOU, ZI, ZHOU, C, BOS, CS, ZHU, XS, ZOICAN, M, ZWINKELS, R, BOSCH‐ROSA, C, BOURI, E, HASSE, J, BROWNLEES, C, CALAMIA, A, CAO, VN, CAPELLE‐BLANCARD, G, ROMERO, LMC, CAPORIN, M, CARRION, A, CASKURLU, T, CHAKRABARTY, B, CHEN, J, HAUTSCH, N, CHERNOV, M, CHEUNG, W, CHINCARINI, LB, CHORDIA, T, CHOW, S, CLAPHAM, B, COLLIARD, J, COMERTON‐FORDE, C, CURRAN, E, DAO, T, HE, X, DARE, W, DAVIES, RJ, DE BLASIS, R, DE NARD, GF, DECLERCK, F, DEEV, O, DEGRYSE, H, DEKU, SY, DESAGRE, C, VAN DIJK, MA, HEATH, D, DIM, C, DIMPFL, T, DONG, YJ, DRUMMOND, PA, DUDDA, T, DUEVSKI, T, DUMITRESCU, A, DYAKOV, T, DYHRBERG, AH, DZIELIŃSKI, M, AIT‐SAHALIA, Y, EKSI, A, KALAK, IE, ELLEN, ST, EUGSTER, N, EVANS, MDD, FARRELL, M, FELEZ‐VINAS, E, FERRARA, G, FERROUHI, EM, FLORI, A, HEDIGER, S, FLUHARTY‐JAIDEE, JT, FOLEY, SDV, FONG, KYL, FOUCAULT, T, FRANUS, T, FRANZONI, F, FRIJNS, B, FRÖMMEL, M, FU, SM, FÜLLBRUNN, SC, HENDERSHOTT, T, GAN, B, GAO, G, GEHRIG, TP, HIBBERT, AM, HJALMARSSON, E, HOELSCHER, SA, HOFFMANN, P, HOLDEN, CW, HORENSTEIN, AR, HUANG, W, HUANG, D, AKMANSOY, O, HURLIN, C, ILCZUK, K, IVASHCHENKO, A, IYER, SR, JAHANSHAHLOO, H, JALKH, N, JONES, CM, JURKATIS, S, JYLHÄ, P, KAECK, AT, ALCOCK, JT, KAISER, G, KARAM, A, KARMAZIENE, E, KASSNER, B, KAUSTIA, M, KAZAK, E, KEARNEY, F, VAN KERVEL, V, KHAN, SA, KHOMYN, MK, ALEXEEV, V, KLEIN, T, KLEIN, O, KLOS, A, KOETTER, M, KOLOKOLOV, A, KORAJCZYK, RA, KOZHAN, R, KRAHNEN, JP, KUHLE, P, KWAN, A, ALOOSH, A, LAJAUNIE, Q, LAM, FYEC, LAMBERT, M, LANGLOIS, H, LAUSEN, J, LAUTER, T, LEIPPOLD, M, LEVIN, V, LI, Y, LI, H, AMATO, L, LIEW, CY, LINDNER, T, LINTON, O, LIU, J, LIU, A, LLORENTE, G, LOF, M, LOHR, A, LONGSTAFF, F, LOPEZ‐LIRA, A, AMAYA, D, and MANKAD, S
Abstract: ABSTRACTIn statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data‐generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence‐generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty—nonstandard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for more reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer‐review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by participants.
Published: 2024

18. Thermodynamic Formalism for Iterated Function Systems

Author: Rush, Tom J and Rush, Tom J
Abstract: The purpose of this thesis to present two works in the field of thermodynamic formalism. The first concerns multifractal decompositions based on Birkhoff averages for expanding interval maps with countably many branches which we assume can be coded by topologically mixing countable Markov shifts. This generalises previous work on expanding maps with finitely many branches, and expanding maps with countably many branches where the coding is assumed to be the full shift. In the second, we prove the existence of Gibbs-type measures for some superadditive sequences of matrix-norm potentials defined on subshifts of finite type. This extends the results of the well-understood subadditive setting.
Published: 2024

19. Non-Standard Errors

Author: Leerstoel Stigchel, Helmholtz Institute, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), Finance, UU LEG Research UUSE Multidisciplinary Economics, Sub General Pharmaceutics, Menkveld, Albert J., Abudy, Menachem (Meni), Grammig, Joachim, Gregoire, Vincent, Hagströmer, Björn, Hambuckers, Julien, Hapnes, Erik, Harris, Jeffrey H., Harris, Lawrence, Hartmann, Simon, Hasse, Jean-Baptiste, Hautsch, Nikolaus, Adrian, Tobias, He, Xue-Zhong 'Tony', Heath, Davidson, Hediger, Simon, Hendershott, Terrence J., Hibbert, Ann Marie, Hjalmarsson, Erik, Hoelscher, Seth, Hoffmann, Peter, Holden, Craig W., Horenstein, Alex R., Ait-Sahalia, Yacine, Huang, Wenqian, Huang, Da, Hurlin, Christophe, Ivashchenko, Alexey, Iyer, Subramanian R., Jahanshahloo, Hossein, Jalkh, Naji, Jones, Charles M., Jurkatis, Simon, Jylha, Petri, Akmansoy, Olivier, Kaeck, Andreas, Kaiser, Gabriel, Karam, Arzé, Karmaziene, Egle, Kassner, Bernhard, Kaustia, Markku, Kazak, Ekaterina, Kearney, Fearghal, van Kervel, Vincent, Khan, Saad, Alcock, Jamie, Khomyn, Marta, Klein, Tony, Klein, Olga, Klos, Alexander, Koetter, Michael, Krahnen, Jan Pieter, Kolokolov, Aleksey, Korajczyk, Robert A., Kozhan, Roman, Kwan, Amy, Alexeev, Vitali, Lajaunie, Quentin, Lam, Full Yet Eric Campbell, Lambert, Marie, Langlois, Hugues, Lausen, Jens, Lauter, Tobias, Leippold, Markus, Levin, Vladimir, Li, Yijie, Li, (Michael) Hui, Aloosh, Arash, Liew, Chee Yoong, Lindner, Thomas, Linton, Oliver B., Liu, Jiacheng, Liu, Anqi, Llorente-Alvarez, Jesus-Guillermo, Lof, Matthijs, Lohr, Ariel, Longstaff, Francis A., Lopez-Lira, Alejandro, Amato, Livia, Mankad, Shawn, Mano, Nicola, Marchal, Alexis, Martineau, Charles, Mazzola, Francesco, Meloso, Debrah C, Mihet, Roxana, Mohan, Vijay, Moinas, Sophie, Moore, David, Amaya, Diego, Mu, Liangyi, Muravyev, Dmitriy, Murphy, Dermot, Neszveda, Gabor, Neumeier, Christian, Nielsson, Ulf, Nimalendran, Mahendrarajah, Nolte, Sven, Nordén, Lars L., O'Neill, Peter, Angel, James J., Obaid, Khaled, Ødegaard, Bernt Arne, Östberg, Per, Painter, Marcus, Palan, Stefan, Palit, Imon, Park, Andreas, Pascual Gascó, Roberto, Pasquariello, Paolo, Pastor, Lubos, Dreber, Anna, Bach, Amadeus, Patel, Vinay, Patton, Andrew J., Pearson, Neil D., Pelizzon, Loriana, Pelster, Matthias, Pérignon, Christophe, Pfiffer, Cameron, Philip, Richard, Plíhal, Tomáš, Prakash, Puneet, Baidoo, Edwin, Press, Oliver-Alexander, Prodromou, Tina, Putnins, Talis J., Raizada, Gaurav, Rakowski, David A., Ranaldo, Angelo, Regis, Luca, Reitz, Stefan, Renault, Thomas, Wang, Renjie, Bakalli, Gaetan, Renò, Roberto, Riddiough, Steven, Rinne, Kalle, Rintamäki, Paul, Riordan, Ryan, Rittmannsberger, Thomas, Rodríguez Longarela, Iñaki, Rösch, Dominik, Rognone, Lavinia, Roseman, Brian, Barbon, Andrea, Rosu, Ioanid, Roy, Saurabh, Rudolf, Nicolas, Rush, Stephen, Rzayev, Khaladdin, Rzeźnik, Aleksandra, Sanford, Anthony, Sankaran, Harikumar, Sarkar, Asani, Sarno, Lucio, Bashchenko, Oksana, Scaillet, Olivier, Scharnowski, Stefan, Schenk-Hoppé, Klaus Reiner, Schertler, Andrea, Schneider, Michael, Schroeder, Florian, Schürhoff, Norman, Schuster, Philipp, Schwarz, Marco A., Seasholes, Mark S., Bindra, Parampreet Christopher, Seeger, Norman, Shachar, Or, Shkilko, Andriy, Shui, Jessica, Sikic, Mario, Simion, Giorgia, Smales, Lee A., Söderlind, Paul, Sojli, Elvira, Sokolov, Konstantin, Bjonnes, Geir Hoidal, Spokeviciute, Laima, Stefanova, Denitsa, Subrahmanyam, Marti G., Neusüss, Sebastian, Szaszi, Barnabas, Talavera, Oleksandr, Tang, Yuehua, Taylor, Nicholas, Tham, Wing Wah, Theissen, Erik, Black, Jeffrey R., Thimme, Julian, Tonks, Ian, Tran, Hai, Trapin, Luca, Trolle, Anders B., Valente, Giorgio, Van Ness, Robert A., Vasquez, Aurelio, Verousis, Thanos, Verwijmeren, Patrick, Black, Bernard S., Vilhelmsson, Anders, Vilkov, Grigory, Vladimirov, Vladimir, Vogel, Sebastian, Voigt, Stefan, Wagner, Wolf, Walther, Thomas, Weiss, Patrick, van der Wel, Michel, Werner, Ingrid M., Bohorquez, Santiago, Westerholm, P. Joakim, Westheide, Christian, Wipplinger, Evert, Wolf, Michael, Wolff, Christian C. P., Wolk, Leonard, Wong, Wing-Keung, Wrampelmeyer, Jan, Xia, Shuo, Xiu, Dacheng, Holzmeister, Felix, Bondarenko, Oleg, Xu, Ke, Xu, Caihong, Yadav, Pradeep K., Yagüe, José, Yan, Cheng, Yang, Antti, Yoo, Woongsun, Yu, Wenjia, Yu, Shihao, Yueshen, Bart Zhou, Bos, Charles S., Yuferova, Darya, Zamojski, Marcin, Zareei, Abalfazl, Zeisberger, Stefan, Zhang, Lu, Zhang, Xiaoyu, Zhong, Zhuo, Zhou, Z. Ivy, Zhou, Chen, Zhu, Xingyu, Bosch-Rosa, Ciril, Zoican, Marius, Zwinkels, Remco C.J., Chen, Jian, Duevski, Teodor, Gao, Ge, Gemayel, Roland, Gilder, Dudley, Kuhle, Paul, Pagnotta, Emiliano, Pelli, Michele, Bouri, Elie, Sönksen, Jantje, Ilczuk, Konrad, Bogoev, Dimitar, Qian, Ya, Wika, Hans C., Yu, Yihe, Zhao, Lu, Mi, Michael, Bao, Li, Brownlees, Christian T., Vaduva, Andreea, Prokopczuk, Marcel, Avetikian, Alejandro, Wu, Zhen-Xing, Calamia, Anna, Cao, Viet Nga, Capelle-Blancard, Gunther, Capera, Laura, Caporin, Massimiliano, Huber, Juergen, Carrion, Allen, Caskurlu, Tolga, Chakrabarty, Bidisha, Chernov, Mikhail, Cheung, William Ming Yan, Chincarini, Ludwig B., Chordia, Tarun, Chow, Sheung Chi, Clapham, Benjamin, Colliard, Jean-Edouard, Johanneson, Magnus, Comerton-Forde, Carole, Curran, Edward, Dao, Thong, Dare, Wale, Davies, Ryan J., De Blasis, Riccardo, De Nard, Gianluca, Declerck, Fany, Deev, Oleg, Degryse, Hans, Kirchler, Michael, Deku, Solomon, Desagre, Christophe, Dim, Chukwuma, Dimpfl, Thomas, Dong, Yun Jiang, Drummond, Philip, Dudda, Tom, Dumitrescu, Ariadna, Dyakov, Teodor, Razen, Michael, Dyhrberg, Anne Haubo, Dzieliński, Michał, Eksi, Asli, El Kalak, Izidin, ter Ellen, Saskia, Eugster, Nicolas, Evans, Martin D.D., Farrell, Michael, Félez-Viñas, Ester, Ferrara, Gerardo, Weitzel, Utz, FERROUHI, El Mehdi, Flori, Andrea, Fluharty-Jaidee, Jonathan, Foley, Sean, Fong, Kingsley Y. L., Foucault, Thierry, Franus, Tatiana, Franzoni, Francesco A., Frijns, Bart, Frömmel, Michael, Abad, David, Fu, Servanna Mianjun, Füllbrunn, Sascha, Gan, Baoqing, Gehrig, Thomas, Gerritsen, Dirk, Gil-Bazo, Javier, Glosten, Lawrence R., Gomez, Thomas, Gorbenko, Arseny, Güçbilmez, Ufuk, Van Dijk, Matthijs A., Leerstoel Stigchel, Helmholtz Institute, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), Finance, UU LEG Research UUSE Multidisciplinary Economics, Sub General Pharmaceutics, Menkveld, Albert J., Abudy, Menachem (Meni), Grammig, Joachim, Gregoire, Vincent, Hagströmer, Björn, Hambuckers, Julien, Hapnes, Erik, Harris, Jeffrey H., Harris, Lawrence, Hartmann, Simon, Hasse, Jean-Baptiste, Hautsch, Nikolaus, Adrian, Tobias, He, Xue-Zhong 'Tony', Heath, Davidson, Hediger, Simon, Hendershott, Terrence J., Hibbert, Ann Marie, Hjalmarsson, Erik, Hoelscher, Seth, Hoffmann, Peter, Holden, Craig W., Horenstein, Alex R., Ait-Sahalia, Yacine, Huang, Wenqian, Huang, Da, Hurlin, Christophe, Ivashchenko, Alexey, Iyer, Subramanian R., Jahanshahloo, Hossein, Jalkh, Naji, Jones, Charles M., Jurkatis, Simon, Jylha, Petri, Akmansoy, Olivier, Kaeck, Andreas, Kaiser, Gabriel, Karam, Arzé, Karmaziene, Egle, Kassner, Bernhard, Kaustia, Markku, Kazak, Ekaterina, Kearney, Fearghal, van Kervel, Vincent, Khan, Saad, Alcock, Jamie, Khomyn, Marta, Klein, Tony, Klein, Olga, Klos, Alexander, Koetter, Michael, Krahnen, Jan Pieter, Kolokolov, Aleksey, Korajczyk, Robert A., Kozhan, Roman, Kwan, Amy, Alexeev, Vitali, Lajaunie, Quentin, Lam, Full Yet Eric Campbell, Lambert, Marie, Langlois, Hugues, Lausen, Jens, Lauter, Tobias, Leippold, Markus, Levin, Vladimir, Li, Yijie, Li, (Michael) Hui, Aloosh, Arash, Liew, Chee Yoong, Lindner, Thomas, Linton, Oliver B., Liu, Jiacheng, Liu, Anqi, Llorente-Alvarez, Jesus-Guillermo, Lof, Matthijs, Lohr, Ariel, Longstaff, Francis A., Lopez-Lira, Alejandro, Amato, Livia, Mankad, Shawn, Mano, Nicola, Marchal, Alexis, Martineau, Charles, Mazzola, Francesco, Meloso, Debrah C, Mihet, Roxana, Mohan, Vijay, Moinas, Sophie, Moore, David, Amaya, Diego, Mu, Liangyi, Muravyev, Dmitriy, Murphy, Dermot, Neszveda, Gabor, Neumeier, Christian, Nielsson, Ulf, Nimalendran, Mahendrarajah, Nolte, Sven, Nordén, Lars L., O'Neill, Peter, Angel, James J., Obaid, Khaled, Ødegaard, Bernt Arne, Östberg, Per, Painter, Marcus, Palan, Stefan, Palit, Imon, Park, Andreas, Pascual Gascó, Roberto, Pasquariello, Paolo, Pastor, Lubos, Dreber, Anna, Bach, Amadeus, Patel, Vinay, Patton, Andrew J., Pearson, Neil D., Pelizzon, Loriana, Pelster, Matthias, Pérignon, Christophe, Pfiffer, Cameron, Philip, Richard, Plíhal, Tomáš, Prakash, Puneet, Baidoo, Edwin, Press, Oliver-Alexander, Prodromou, Tina, Putnins, Talis J., Raizada, Gaurav, Rakowski, David A., Ranaldo, Angelo, Regis, Luca, Reitz, Stefan, Renault, Thomas, Wang, Renjie, Bakalli, Gaetan, Renò, Roberto, Riddiough, Steven, Rinne, Kalle, Rintamäki, Paul, Riordan, Ryan, Rittmannsberger, Thomas, Rodríguez Longarela, Iñaki, Rösch, Dominik, Rognone, Lavinia, Roseman, Brian, Barbon, Andrea, Rosu, Ioanid, Roy, Saurabh, Rudolf, Nicolas, Rush, Stephen, Rzayev, Khaladdin, Rzeźnik, Aleksandra, Sanford, Anthony, Sankaran, Harikumar, Sarkar, Asani, Sarno, Lucio, Bashchenko, Oksana, Scaillet, Olivier, Scharnowski, Stefan, Schenk-Hoppé, Klaus Reiner, Schertler, Andrea, Schneider, Michael, Schroeder, Florian, Schürhoff, Norman, Schuster, Philipp, Schwarz, Marco A., Seasholes, Mark S., Bindra, Parampreet Christopher, Seeger, Norman, Shachar, Or, Shkilko, Andriy, Shui, Jessica, Sikic, Mario, Simion, Giorgia, Smales, Lee A., Söderlind, Paul, Sojli, Elvira, Sokolov, Konstantin, Bjonnes, Geir Hoidal, Spokeviciute, Laima, Stefanova, Denitsa, Subrahmanyam, Marti G., Neusüss, Sebastian, Szaszi, Barnabas, Talavera, Oleksandr, Tang, Yuehua, Taylor, Nicholas, Tham, Wing Wah, Theissen, Erik, Black, Jeffrey R., Thimme, Julian, Tonks, Ian, Tran, Hai, Trapin, Luca, Trolle, Anders B., Valente, Giorgio, Van Ness, Robert A., Vasquez, Aurelio, Verousis, Thanos, Verwijmeren, Patrick, Black, Bernard S., Vilhelmsson, Anders, Vilkov, Grigory, Vladimirov, Vladimir, Vogel, Sebastian, Voigt, Stefan, Wagner, Wolf, Walther, Thomas, Weiss, Patrick, van der Wel, Michel, Werner, Ingrid M., Bohorquez, Santiago, Westerholm, P. Joakim, Westheide, Christian, Wipplinger, Evert, Wolf, Michael, Wolff, Christian C. P., Wolk, Leonard, Wong, Wing-Keung, Wrampelmeyer, Jan, Xia, Shuo, Xiu, Dacheng, Holzmeister, Felix, Bondarenko, Oleg, Xu, Ke, Xu, Caihong, Yadav, Pradeep K., Yagüe, José, Yan, Cheng, Yang, Antti, Yoo, Woongsun, Yu, Wenjia, Yu, Shihao, Yueshen, Bart Zhou, Bos, Charles S., Yuferova, Darya, Zamojski, Marcin, Zareei, Abalfazl, Zeisberger, Stefan, Zhang, Lu, Zhang, Xiaoyu, Zhong, Zhuo, Zhou, Z. Ivy, Zhou, Chen, Zhu, Xingyu, Bosch-Rosa, Ciril, Zoican, Marius, Zwinkels, Remco C.J., Chen, Jian, Duevski, Teodor, Gao, Ge, Gemayel, Roland, Gilder, Dudley, Kuhle, Paul, Pagnotta, Emiliano, Pelli, Michele, Bouri, Elie, Sönksen, Jantje, Ilczuk, Konrad, Bogoev, Dimitar, Qian, Ya, Wika, Hans C., Yu, Yihe, Zhao, Lu, Mi, Michael, Bao, Li, Brownlees, Christian T., Vaduva, Andreea, Prokopczuk, Marcel, Avetikian, Alejandro, Wu, Zhen-Xing, Calamia, Anna, Cao, Viet Nga, Capelle-Blancard, Gunther, Capera, Laura, Caporin, Massimiliano, Huber, Juergen, Carrion, Allen, Caskurlu, Tolga, Chakrabarty, Bidisha, Chernov, Mikhail, Cheung, William Ming Yan, Chincarini, Ludwig B., Chordia, Tarun, Chow, Sheung Chi, Clapham, Benjamin, Colliard, Jean-Edouard, Johanneson, Magnus, Comerton-Forde, Carole, Curran, Edward, Dao, Thong, Dare, Wale, Davies, Ryan J., De Blasis, Riccardo, De Nard, Gianluca, Declerck, Fany, Deev, Oleg, Degryse, Hans, Kirchler, Michael, Deku, Solomon, Desagre, Christophe, Dim, Chukwuma, Dimpfl, Thomas, Dong, Yun Jiang, Drummond, Philip, Dudda, Tom, Dumitrescu, Ariadna, Dyakov, Teodor, Razen, Michael, Dyhrberg, Anne Haubo, Dzieliński, Michał, Eksi, Asli, El Kalak, Izidin, ter Ellen, Saskia, Eugster, Nicolas, Evans, Martin D.D., Farrell, Michael, Félez-Viñas, Ester, Ferrara, Gerardo, Weitzel, Utz, FERROUHI, El Mehdi, Flori, Andrea, Fluharty-Jaidee, Jonathan, Foley, Sean, Fong, Kingsley Y. L., Foucault, Thierry, Franus, Tatiana, Franzoni, Francesco A., Frijns, Bart, Frömmel, Michael, Abad, David, Fu, Servanna Mianjun, Füllbrunn, Sascha, Gan, Baoqing, Gehrig, Thomas, Gerritsen, Dirk, Gil-Bazo, Javier, Glosten, Lawrence R., Gomez, Thomas, Gorbenko, Arseny, Güçbilmez, Ufuk, and Van Dijk, Matthijs A.
Published: 2024

20. Loss of nitrogen via anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in the California Current system during the late Quaternary

Author: IVAU: Instituut voor Aardwetenschappen Utrecht, Organic geochemistry, van Kemenade, Zoë Rebecca, Erdem, Zeynep, Hopmans, Ellen Christine, Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap Smede, Rush, Darci, IVAU: Instituut voor Aardwetenschappen Utrecht, Organic geochemistry, van Kemenade, Zoë Rebecca, Erdem, Zeynep, Hopmans, Ellen Christine, Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap Smede, and Rush, Darci
Published: 2024

21. Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ):Rationale and Study Design of the Largest Global Prospective Cohort Study of Clinical High Risk for Psychosis

Author: Wannan, Cassandra M.J., Nelson, Barnaby, Addington, Jean, Allott, Kelly, Anticevic, Alan, Arango, Celso, Baker, Justin T., Bearden, Carrie E., Billah, Tashrif, Bouix, Sylvain, Broome, Matthew R., Buccilli, Kate, Cadenhead, Kristin S., Calkins, Monica E., Cannon, Tyrone D., Cecci, Guillermo, Chen, Eric Yu Hai, Cho, Kang Ik K., Choi, Jimmy, Clark, Scott R., Coleman, Michael J., Conus, Philippe, Corcoran, Cheryl M., Cornblatt, Barbara A., Diaz-Caneja, Covadonga M., Dwyer, Dominic, Ebdrup, Bjørn H., Ellman, Lauren M., Fusar-Poli, Paolo, Galindo, Liliana, Gaspar, Pablo A., Gerber, Carla, Glenthøj, Louise Birkedal, Glynn, Robert, Harms, Michael P., Horton, Leslie E., Kahn, René S., Kambeitz, Joseph, Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Lana, Kane, John M., Kapur, Tina, Keshavan, Matcheri S., Kim, Sung Wan, Koutsouleris, Nikolaos, Kubicki, Marek, Kwon, Jun Soo, Langbein, Kerstin, Lewandowski, Kathryn E., Light, Gregory A., Mamah, Daniel, Marcy, Patricia J., Mathalon, Daniel H., McGorry, Patrick D., Mittal, Vijay A., Nordentoft, Merete, Nunez, Angela, Pasternak, Ofer, Pearlson, Godfrey D., Perez, Jesus, Perkins, Diana O., Powers, Albert R., Roalf, David R., Sabb, Fred W., Schiffman, Jason, Shah, Jai L., Smesny, Stefan, Spark, Jessica, Stone, William S., Strauss, Gregory P., Tamayo, Zailyn, Torous, John, Upthegrove, Rachel, Vangel, Mark, Verma, Swapna, Wang, Jijun, Rossum, Inge Winter van, Wolf, Daniel H., Wolff, Phillip, Wood, Stephen J., Yung, Alison R., Agurto, Carla, Alvarez-Jimenez, Mario, Amminger, Paul, Armando, Marco, Asgari-Targhi, Ameneh, Cahill, John, Carrión, Ricardo E., Castro, Eduardo, Cetin-Karayumak, Suheyla, Mallar Chakravarty, M., Cho, Youngsun T., Cotter, David, D'Alfonso, Simon, Ennis, Michaela, Fadnavis, Shreyas, Fonteneau, Clara, Gao, Caroline, Gupta, Tina, Gur, Raquel E., Gur, Ruben C., Hamilton, Holly K., Hoftman, Gil D., Jacobs, Grace R., Jarcho, Johanna, Ji, Jie Lisa, Kohler, Christian G., Lalousis, Paris Alexandros, Lavoie, Suzie, Lepage, Martin, Liebenthal, Einat, Mervis, Josh, Murty, Vishnu, Nicholas, Spero C., Ning, Lipeng, Penzel, Nora, Poldrack, Russell, Polosecki, Pablo, Pratt, Danielle N., Rabin, Rachel, Rahimi Eichi, Habiballah, Rathi, Yogesh, Reichenberg, Avraham, Reinen, Jenna, Rogers, Jack, Ruiz-Yu, Bernalyn, Scott, Isabelle, Seitz-Holland, Johanna, Srihari, Vinod H., Srivastava, Agrima, Thompson, Andrew, Turetsky, Bruce I., Walsh, Barbara C., Whitford, Thomas, Wigman, Johanna T.W., Yao, Beier, Yuen, Hok Pan, Ahmed, Uzair, Byun, Andrew Jin Soo, Chung, Yoonho, Do, Kim, Hendricks, Larry, Huynh, Kevin, Jeffries, Clark, Lane, Erlend, Langholm, Carsten, Lin, Eric, Mantua, Valentina, Santorelli, Gennarina, Ruparel, Kosha, Zoupou, Eirini, Adasme, Tatiana, Addamo, Lauren, Adery, Laura, Ali, Munaza, Auther, Andrea, Aversa, Samantha, Baek, Seon Hwa, Bates, Kelly, Bathery, Alyssa, Bayer, Johanna M.M., Beedham, Rebecca, Bilgrami, Zarina, Birch, Sonia, Bonoldi, Ilaria, Borders, Owen, Borgatti, Renato, Brown, Lisa, Bruna, Alejandro, Carrington, Holly, Castillo-Passi, Rolando I., Chen, Justine, Cheng, Nicholas, Ching, Ann Ee, Clifford, Chloe, Colton, Beau Luke, Contreras, Pamela, Corral, Sebastián, Damiani, Stefano, Done, Monica, Estradé, Andrés, Etuka, Brandon Asika, Formica, Melanie, Furlan, Rachel, Geljic, Mia, Germano, Carmela, Getachew, Ruth, Goncalves, Mathias, Haidar, Anastasia, Hartmann, Jessica, Jo, Anna, John, Omar, Kerins, Sarah, Kerr, Melissa, Kesselring, Irena, Kim, Honey, Kim, Nicholas, Kinney, Kyle, Krcmar, Marija, Kotler, Elana, Lafanechere, Melanie, Lee, Clarice, Llerena, Joshua, Markiewicz, Christopher, Matnejl, Priya, Maturana, Alejandro, Mavambu, Aissata, Mayol-Troncoso, Rocío, McDonnell, Amelia, McGowan, Alessia, McLaughlin, Danielle, McIlhenny, Rebecca, McQueen, Brittany, Mebrahtu, Yohannes, Mensi, Martina, Hui, Christy Lai Ming, Suen, Yi Nam, Wong, Stephanie Ming Yin, Morrell, Neal, Omar, Mariam, Partridge, Alice, Phassouliotis, Christina, Pichiecchio, Anna, Politi, Pierluigi, Porter, Christian, Provenzani, Umberto, Prunier, Nicholas, Raj, Jasmine, Ray, Susan, Rayner, Victoria, Reyes, Manuel, Reynolds, Kate, Rush, Sage, Salinas, Cesar, Shetty, Jashmina, Snowball, Callum, Tod, Sophie, Turra-Fariña, Gabriel, Valle, Daniela, Veale, Simone, Whitson, Sarah, Wickham, Alana, Youn, Sarah, Zamorano, Francisco, Zavaglia, Elissa, Zinberg, Jamie, Woods, Scott W., Shenton, Martha E., Wannan, Cassandra M.J., Nelson, Barnaby, Addington, Jean, Allott, Kelly, Anticevic, Alan, Arango, Celso, Baker, Justin T., Bearden, Carrie E., Billah, Tashrif, Bouix, Sylvain, Broome, Matthew R., Buccilli, Kate, Cadenhead, Kristin S., Calkins, Monica E., Cannon, Tyrone D., Cecci, Guillermo, Chen, Eric Yu Hai, Cho, Kang Ik K., Choi, Jimmy, Clark, Scott R., Coleman, Michael J., Conus, Philippe, Corcoran, Cheryl M., Cornblatt, Barbara A., Diaz-Caneja, Covadonga M., Dwyer, Dominic, Ebdrup, Bjørn H., Ellman, Lauren M., Fusar-Poli, Paolo, Galindo, Liliana, Gaspar, Pablo A., Gerber, Carla, Glenthøj, Louise Birkedal, Glynn, Robert, Harms, Michael P., Horton, Leslie E., Kahn, René S., Kambeitz, Joseph, Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Lana, Kane, John M., Kapur, Tina, Keshavan, Matcheri S., Kim, Sung Wan, Koutsouleris, Nikolaos, Kubicki, Marek, Kwon, Jun Soo, Langbein, Kerstin, Lewandowski, Kathryn E., Light, Gregory A., Mamah, Daniel, Marcy, Patricia J., Mathalon, Daniel H., McGorry, Patrick D., Mittal, Vijay A., Nordentoft, Merete, Nunez, Angela, Pasternak, Ofer, Pearlson, Godfrey D., Perez, Jesus, Perkins, Diana O., Powers, Albert R., Roalf, David R., Sabb, Fred W., Schiffman, Jason, Shah, Jai L., Smesny, Stefan, Spark, Jessica, Stone, William S., Strauss, Gregory P., Tamayo, Zailyn, Torous, John, Upthegrove, Rachel, Vangel, Mark, Verma, Swapna, Wang, Jijun, Rossum, Inge Winter van, Wolf, Daniel H., Wolff, Phillip, Wood, Stephen J., Yung, Alison R., Agurto, Carla, Alvarez-Jimenez, Mario, Amminger, Paul, Armando, Marco, Asgari-Targhi, Ameneh, Cahill, John, Carrión, Ricardo E., Castro, Eduardo, Cetin-Karayumak, Suheyla, Mallar Chakravarty, M., Cho, Youngsun T., Cotter, David, D'Alfonso, Simon, Ennis, Michaela, Fadnavis, Shreyas, Fonteneau, Clara, Gao, Caroline, Gupta, Tina, Gur, Raquel E., Gur, Ruben C., Hamilton, Holly K., Hoftman, Gil D., Jacobs, Grace R., Jarcho, Johanna, Ji, Jie Lisa, Kohler, Christian G., Lalousis, Paris Alexandros, Lavoie, Suzie, Lepage, Martin, Liebenthal, Einat, Mervis, Josh, Murty, Vishnu, Nicholas, Spero C., Ning, Lipeng, Penzel, Nora, Poldrack, Russell, Polosecki, Pablo, Pratt, Danielle N., Rabin, Rachel, Rahimi Eichi, Habiballah, Rathi, Yogesh, Reichenberg, Avraham, Reinen, Jenna, Rogers, Jack, Ruiz-Yu, Bernalyn, Scott, Isabelle, Seitz-Holland, Johanna, Srihari, Vinod H., Srivastava, Agrima, Thompson, Andrew, Turetsky, Bruce I., Walsh, Barbara C., Whitford, Thomas, Wigman, Johanna T.W., Yao, Beier, Yuen, Hok Pan, Ahmed, Uzair, Byun, Andrew Jin Soo, Chung, Yoonho, Do, Kim, Hendricks, Larry, Huynh, Kevin, Jeffries, Clark, Lane, Erlend, Langholm, Carsten, Lin, Eric, Mantua, Valentina, Santorelli, Gennarina, Ruparel, Kosha, Zoupou, Eirini, Adasme, Tatiana, Addamo, Lauren, Adery, Laura, Ali, Munaza, Auther, Andrea, Aversa, Samantha, Baek, Seon Hwa, Bates, Kelly, Bathery, Alyssa, Bayer, Johanna M.M., Beedham, Rebecca, Bilgrami, Zarina, Birch, Sonia, Bonoldi, Ilaria, Borders, Owen, Borgatti, Renato, Brown, Lisa, Bruna, Alejandro, Carrington, Holly, Castillo-Passi, Rolando I., Chen, Justine, Cheng, Nicholas, Ching, Ann Ee, Clifford, Chloe, Colton, Beau Luke, Contreras, Pamela, Corral, Sebastián, Damiani, Stefano, Done, Monica, Estradé, Andrés, Etuka, Brandon Asika, Formica, Melanie, Furlan, Rachel, Geljic, Mia, Germano, Carmela, Getachew, Ruth, Goncalves, Mathias, Haidar, Anastasia, Hartmann, Jessica, Jo, Anna, John, Omar, Kerins, Sarah, Kerr, Melissa, Kesselring, Irena, Kim, Honey, Kim, Nicholas, Kinney, Kyle, Krcmar, Marija, Kotler, Elana, Lafanechere, Melanie, Lee, Clarice, Llerena, Joshua, Markiewicz, Christopher, Matnejl, Priya, Maturana, Alejandro, Mavambu, Aissata, Mayol-Troncoso, Rocío, McDonnell, Amelia, McGowan, Alessia, McLaughlin, Danielle, McIlhenny, Rebecca, McQueen, Brittany, Mebrahtu, Yohannes, Mensi, Martina, Hui, Christy Lai Ming, Suen, Yi Nam, Wong, Stephanie Ming Yin, Morrell, Neal, Omar, Mariam, Partridge, Alice, Phassouliotis, Christina, Pichiecchio, Anna, Politi, Pierluigi, Porter, Christian, Provenzani, Umberto, Prunier, Nicholas, Raj, Jasmine, Ray, Susan, Rayner, Victoria, Reyes, Manuel, Reynolds, Kate, Rush, Sage, Salinas, Cesar, Shetty, Jashmina, Snowball, Callum, Tod, Sophie, Turra-Fariña, Gabriel, Valle, Daniela, Veale, Simone, Whitson, Sarah, Wickham, Alana, Youn, Sarah, Zamorano, Francisco, Zavaglia, Elissa, Zinberg, Jamie, Woods, Scott W., and Shenton, Martha E.
Abstract: This article describes the rationale, aims, and methodology of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ). This is the largest international collaboration to date that will develop algorithms to predict trajectories and outcomes of individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis and to advance the development and use of novel pharmacological interventions for CHR individuals. We present a description of the participating research networks and the data processing analysis and coordination center, their processes for data harmonization across 43 sites from 13 participating countries (recruitment across North America, Australia, Europe, Asia, and South America), data flow and quality assessment processes, data analyses, and the transfer of data to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Data Archive (NDA) for use by the research community. In an expected sample of approximately 2000 CHR individuals and 640 matched healthy controls, AMP SCZ will collect clinical, environmental, and cognitive data along with multimodal biomarkers, including neuroimaging, electrophysiology, fluid biospecimens, speech and facial expression samples, novel measures derived from digital health technologies including smartphone-based daily surveys, and passive sensing as well as actigraphy. The study will investigate a range of clinical outcomes over a 2-year period, including transition to psychosis, remission or persistence of CHR status, attenuated positive symptoms, persistent negative symptoms, mood and anxiety symptoms, and psychosocial functioning. The global reach of AMP SCZ and its harmonized innovative methods promise to catalyze the development of new treatments to address critical unmet clinical and public health needs in CHR individuals., This article describes the rationale, aims, and methodology of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ). This is the largest international collaboration to date that will develop algorithms to predict trajectories and outcomes of individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis and to advance the development and use of novel pharmacological interventions for CHR individuals. We present a description of the participating research networks and the data processing analysis and coordination center, their processes for data harmonization across 43 sites from 13 participating countries (recruitment across North America, Australia, Europe, Asia, and South America), data flow and quality assessment processes, data analyses, and the transfer of data to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Data Archive (NDA) for use by the research community. In an expected sample of approximately 2000 CHR individuals and 640 matched healthy controls, AMP SCZ will collect clinical, environmental, and cognitive data along with multimodal biomarkers, including neuroimaging, electrophysiology, fluid biospecimens, speech and facial expression samples, novel measures derived from digital health technologies including smartphone-based daily surveys, and passive sensing as well as actigraphy. The study will investigate a range of clinical outcomes over a 2-year period, including transition to psychosis, remission or persistence of CHR status, attenuated positive symptoms, persistent negative symptoms, mood and anxiety symptoms, and psychosocial functioning. The global reach of AMP SCZ and its harmonized innovative methods promise to catalyze the development of new treatments to address critical unmet clinical and public health needs in CHR individuals.
Published: 2024

22. Psychometric evaluation and linking of the PHQ-9, QIDS-C, and VQIDS-C in a real-world population with major depressive disorder

Author: Palmer,Emily, Ker,Sheryl, RenterÃa,Miguel, Carmody,Thomas, Rush,A John, Palmer,Emily, Ker,Sheryl, RenterÃa,Miguel, Carmody,Thomas, and Rush,A John
Abstract: Emily OC Palmer,1 Sheryl Ker,2 Miguel E RenterÃa,3 Thomas Carmody,4 A John Rush5,6 1Holmusk Europe Ltd, London, UK; 2KKT Technologies, Pte. Ltd, Singapore; 3QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; 4Peter OâDonnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; 5Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; 6Clinical sciences, Duke-National University of Singapore, SingaporeCorrespondence: Emily OC Palmer, Holmusk Europe Ltd, 414 Linen Hall, 162-168 Regent St, London, W1B 5TE, UK, Email emily.palmer@holmusk.comPurpose: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. An accurate assessment of depressive symptomology is crucial for clinical management and research. This study assessed the convergent validity, reliability, and total scale score interconversion across the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) self-report, the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-clinician report (QIDS-C) (two widely used clinical ratings) and the 5-item Very Brief Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms-clinician report (VQIDS-C), which evaluate the core features of MDD.Patients and Methods: This study leveraged electronic health record (EHR)-derived, de-identified data from the NeuroBlu Database (Version 23R1), a longitudinal behavioural health real-world platform. Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT) analyses were used to evaluate the reliability, validity of, and conversions between the scales. The Test Information Function (TIF) was calculated for each scale, with greater test information reflecting higher precision and reliability in measuring depressive symptomology. IRT was also used to generate conversion tables so that total scores on each scale could be compared to the other.Results: The study sample (n = 2,156) had an average age of 36.4 years (standard deviation [SD] = 13.0) and 59.7%
Published: 2024

23. FAX: Scalable and Differentiable Federated Primitives in JAX

Author: Rush, Keith, Charles, Zachary, Garrett, Zachary, Rush, Keith, Charles, Zachary, and Garrett, Zachary
Abstract: We present FAX, a JAX-based library designed to support large-scale distributed and federated computations in both data center and cross-device applications. FAX leverages JAX's sharding mechanisms to enable native targeting of TPUs and state-of-the-art JAX runtimes, including Pathways. FAX embeds building blocks for federated computations as primitives in JAX. This enables three key benefits. First, FAX computations can be translated to XLA HLO. Second, FAX provides a full implementation of federated automatic differentiation, greatly simplifying the expression of federated computations. Last, FAX computations can be interpreted out to existing production cross-device federated compute systems. We show that FAX provides an easily programmable, performant, and scalable framework for federated computations in the data center. FAX is available at https://github.com/google-research/google-research/tree/master/fax .
Published: 2024

24. MambaByte: Token-free Selective State Space Model

Author: Wang, Junxiong, Gangavarapu, Tushaar, Yan, Jing Nathan, Rush, Alexander M., Wang, Junxiong, Gangavarapu, Tushaar, Yan, Jing Nathan, and Rush, Alexander M.
Abstract: Token-free language models learn directly from raw bytes and remove the inductive bias of subword tokenization. Operating on bytes, however, results in significantly longer sequences. In this setting, standard autoregressive Transformers scale poorly as the effective memory required grows with sequence length. The recent development of the Mamba state space model (SSM) offers an appealing alternative approach with a fixed-sized memory state and efficient decoding. We propose MambaByte, a token-free adaptation of the Mamba SSM trained autoregressively on byte sequences. In terms of modeling, we show MambaByte to be competitive with, and even to outperform, state-of-the-art subword Transformers on language modeling tasks while maintaining the benefits of token-free language models, such as robustness to noise. In terms of efficiency, we develop an adaptation of speculative decoding with tokenized drafting and byte-level verification. This results in a $2.6\times$ inference speedup to the standard MambaByte implementation, showing similar decoding efficiency as the subword Mamba. These findings establish the viability of SSMs in enabling token-free language modeling.
Published: 2024

25. Non-Standard Errors

Author: Menkveld, AJ, Dreber, A, Holzmeister, F, Huber, J, Johanneson, M, Kirchler, M, Razen, M, Weitzel, U, Abad, D, Abudy, MM, Adrian, T, Gregoire, V, Hagströmer, B, Hambuckers, J, Hapnes, E, Harris, JH, Harris, L, Hartmann, S, Hasse, J-B, Hautsch, N, He, X-ZT, Ait-Sahalia, Y, Heath, D, Hediger, S, Hendershott, TJ, Hibbert, AM, Hjalmarsson, E, Hoelscher, S, Hoffmann, P, Holden, CW, Horenstein, AR, Huang, W, Akmansoy, O, Huang, D, Hurlin, C, Ivashchenko, A, Iyer, SR, Jahanshahloo, H, Jalkh, N, Jones, CM, Jurkatis, S, Jylha, P, Kaeck, A, Alcock, J, Kaiser, G, Karam, A, Karmaziene, E, Kassner, B, Kaustia, M, Kazak, E, Kearney, F, van Kervel, V, Khan, S, Khomyn, M, Alexeev, V, Klein, T, Klein, O, Klos, A, Koetter, M, Krahnen, JP, Kolokolov, A, Korajczyk, RA, Kozhan, R, Kwan, A, Lajaunie, Q, Aloosh, A, Lam, FYEC, Lambert, M, Langlois, H, Lausen, J, Lauter, T, Leippold, M, Levin, V, Li, Y, Li, MH, Liew, CY, Amato, L, Lindner, T, Linton, OB, Liu, J, Liu, A, Llorente-Alvarez, J-G, Lof, M, Lohr, A, Longstaff, FA, Lopez-Lira, A, Mankad, S, Amaya, D, Mano, N, Marchal, A, Martineau, C, Mazzola, F, Meloso, DC, Mihet, R, Mohan, V, Moinas, S, Moore, D, Mu, L, Angel, JJ, Muravyev, D, Murphy, D, Neszveda, G, Neumeier, C, Nielsson, U, Nimalendran, M, Nolte, S, Nordén, LL, O'Neill, P, Obaid, K, Bach, A, Ødegaard, BA, Östberg, P, Painter, M, Palan, S, Palit, I, Park, A, Pascual Gascó, R, Pasquariello, P, Pastor, L, Patel, V, Baidoo, E, Patton, AJ, Pearson, ND, Pelizzon, L, Pelster, M, Pérignon, C, Pfiffer, C, Philip, R, Plíhal, T, Prakash, P, Press, O-A, Bakalli, G, Prodromou, T, Putnins, TJ, Raizada, G, Rakowski, DA, Ranaldo, A, Regis, L, Reitz, S, Renault, T, Wang, R, Renò, R, Barbon, A, Riddiough, S, Rinne, K, Rintamäki, P, Riordan, R, RITTMANNSBERGER, T, Rodríguez Longarela, I, Rösch, D, Rognone, L, Roseman, B, Rosu, I, Bashchenko, O, Roy, S, Rudolf, N, Rush, S, Rzayev, K, Rzeźnik, A, Sanford, A, Sankaran, H, Sarkar, A, Sarno, L, Scaillet, O, Bindra, PC, Scharnowski, S, Schenk-Hoppé, KR, Schertler, A, Schneider, M, Schroeder, F, Schürhoff, N, Schuster, P, Schwarz, MA, Seasholes, MS, Seeger, N, Bjonnes, GH, Shachar, O, Shkilko, A, Shui, J, Sikic, M, Simion, G, Smales, LA, Söderlind, P, Sojli, E, Sokolov, K, Spokeviciute, L, Black, JR, Stefanova, D, Subrahmanyam, MG, Neusüss, S, Szaszi, B, Talavera, O, Tang, Y, Taylor, N, Tham, WW, Theissen, E, Thimme, J, Black, BS, Tonks, I, Tran, H, Trapin, L, Trolle, AB, Vaduva, M, Valente, G, Van Ness, RA, Vasquez, A, Verousis, T, Verwijmeren, P, Bohorquez, S, Vilhelmsson, A, Vilkov, G, Vladimirov, V, Vogel, S, Voigt, S, Wagner, W, Walther, T, Weiss, P, van der Wel, M, Werner, IM, Bondarenko, O, Westerholm, PJ, Westheide, C, Wipplinger, E, Wolf, M, Wolff, CCP, Wolk, L, Wong, WK, Wrampelmeyer, J, Wu, Z-X, Xia, S, Bos, CS, Xiu, D, Xu, K, Xu, C, Yadav, PK, Yagüe, J, Yan, C, Yang, A, Yoo, W, Yu, W, Yu, S, Bosch-Rosa, C, Yueshen, BZ, Yuferova, D, Zamojski, M, Zareei, A, Zeisberger, S, Zhang, S, Zhang, X, Zhong, Z, Zhou, ZI, Zhou, C, Bouri, E, Zhu, X, Zoican, M, Zwinkels, RCJ, Chen, J, Duevski, T, Gao, G, Gemayel, R, Gilder, D, Kuhle, P, Pagnotta, E, Brownlees, CT, Pelli, M, Sönksen, J, Zhang, L, Ilczuk, K, Bogoev, D, Qian, Y, Wika, HC, Yu, Y, Zhao, L, Mi, M, Calamia, A, Bao, L, Cao, VN, Capelle-Blancard, G, Capera, L, Caporin, M, Carrion, A, Caskurlu, T, Chakrabarty, B, Chernov, M, Cheung, WMY, Chincarini, LB, Chordia, T, Chow, SC, Clapham, B, Colliard, J-E, Comerton-Forde, C, Curran, E, Dao, T, Dare, W, Davies, RJ, De Blasis, R, De Nard, G, Declerck, F, Deev, O, Degryse, H, Deku, S, Desagre, C, Van Dijk, MA, Dim, C, Dimpfl, T, Dong, YJ, Drummond, P, Dudda, T, Dumitrescu, A, Dyakov, T, Dyhrberg, AH, Dzieliński, M, Eksi, A, El Kalak, I, ter Ellen, S, Eugster, N, Evans, MDD, Farrell, M, Félez-Viñas, E, Ferrara, G, FERROUHI, EM, Flori, A, Fluharty-Jaidee, J, Foley, S, Fong, KYL, Foucault, T, Franus, T, Franzoni, FA, Frijns, B, Frömmel, M, Fu, S, Füllbrunn, S, Gan, B, Gehrig, T, Gerritsen, D, Gil-Bazo, J, Glosten, LR, Gomez, T, Gorbenko, A, Güçbilmez, U, Grammig, J, Menkveld, AJ, Dreber, A, Holzmeister, F, Huber, J, Johanneson, M, Kirchler, M, Razen, M, Weitzel, U, Abad, D, Abudy, MM, Adrian, T, Gregoire, V, Hagströmer, B, Hambuckers, J, Hapnes, E, Harris, JH, Harris, L, Hartmann, S, Hasse, J-B, Hautsch, N, He, X-ZT, Ait-Sahalia, Y, Heath, D, Hediger, S, Hendershott, TJ, Hibbert, AM, Hjalmarsson, E, Hoelscher, S, Hoffmann, P, Holden, CW, Horenstein, AR, Huang, W, Akmansoy, O, Huang, D, Hurlin, C, Ivashchenko, A, Iyer, SR, Jahanshahloo, H, Jalkh, N, Jones, CM, Jurkatis, S, Jylha, P, Kaeck, A, Alcock, J, Kaiser, G, Karam, A, Karmaziene, E, Kassner, B, Kaustia, M, Kazak, E, Kearney, F, van Kervel, V, Khan, S, Khomyn, M, Alexeev, V, Klein, T, Klein, O, Klos, A, Koetter, M, Krahnen, JP, Kolokolov, A, Korajczyk, RA, Kozhan, R, Kwan, A, Lajaunie, Q, Aloosh, A, Lam, FYEC, Lambert, M, Langlois, H, Lausen, J, Lauter, T, Leippold, M, Levin, V, Li, Y, Li, MH, Liew, CY, Amato, L, Lindner, T, Linton, OB, Liu, J, Liu, A, Llorente-Alvarez, J-G, Lof, M, Lohr, A, Longstaff, FA, Lopez-Lira, A, Mankad, S, Amaya, D, Mano, N, Marchal, A, Martineau, C, Mazzola, F, Meloso, DC, Mihet, R, Mohan, V, Moinas, S, Moore, D, Mu, L, Angel, JJ, Muravyev, D, Murphy, D, Neszveda, G, Neumeier, C, Nielsson, U, Nimalendran, M, Nolte, S, Nordén, LL, O'Neill, P, Obaid, K, Bach, A, Ødegaard, BA, Östberg, P, Painter, M, Palan, S, Palit, I, Park, A, Pascual Gascó, R, Pasquariello, P, Pastor, L, Patel, V, Baidoo, E, Patton, AJ, Pearson, ND, Pelizzon, L, Pelster, M, Pérignon, C, Pfiffer, C, Philip, R, Plíhal, T, Prakash, P, Press, O-A, Bakalli, G, Prodromou, T, Putnins, TJ, Raizada, G, Rakowski, DA, Ranaldo, A, Regis, L, Reitz, S, Renault, T, Wang, R, Renò, R, Barbon, A, Riddiough, S, Rinne, K, Rintamäki, P, Riordan, R, RITTMANNSBERGER, T, Rodríguez Longarela, I, Rösch, D, Rognone, L, Roseman, B, Rosu, I, Bashchenko, O, Roy, S, Rudolf, N, Rush, S, Rzayev, K, Rzeźnik, A, Sanford, A, Sankaran, H, Sarkar, A, Sarno, L, Scaillet, O, Bindra, PC, Scharnowski, S, Schenk-Hoppé, KR, Schertler, A, Schneider, M, Schroeder, F, Schürhoff, N, Schuster, P, Schwarz, MA, Seasholes, MS, Seeger, N, Bjonnes, GH, Shachar, O, Shkilko, A, Shui, J, Sikic, M, Simion, G, Smales, LA, Söderlind, P, Sojli, E, Sokolov, K, Spokeviciute, L, Black, JR, Stefanova, D, Subrahmanyam, MG, Neusüss, S, Szaszi, B, Talavera, O, Tang, Y, Taylor, N, Tham, WW, Theissen, E, Thimme, J, Black, BS, Tonks, I, Tran, H, Trapin, L, Trolle, AB, Vaduva, M, Valente, G, Van Ness, RA, Vasquez, A, Verousis, T, Verwijmeren, P, Bohorquez, S, Vilhelmsson, A, Vilkov, G, Vladimirov, V, Vogel, S, Voigt, S, Wagner, W, Walther, T, Weiss, P, van der Wel, M, Werner, IM, Bondarenko, O, Westerholm, PJ, Westheide, C, Wipplinger, E, Wolf, M, Wolff, CCP, Wolk, L, Wong, WK, Wrampelmeyer, J, Wu, Z-X, Xia, S, Bos, CS, Xiu, D, Xu, K, Xu, C, Yadav, PK, Yagüe, J, Yan, C, Yang, A, Yoo, W, Yu, W, Yu, S, Bosch-Rosa, C, Yueshen, BZ, Yuferova, D, Zamojski, M, Zareei, A, Zeisberger, S, Zhang, S, Zhang, X, Zhong, Z, Zhou, ZI, Zhou, C, Bouri, E, Zhu, X, Zoican, M, Zwinkels, RCJ, Chen, J, Duevski, T, Gao, G, Gemayel, R, Gilder, D, Kuhle, P, Pagnotta, E, Brownlees, CT, Pelli, M, Sönksen, J, Zhang, L, Ilczuk, K, Bogoev, D, Qian, Y, Wika, HC, Yu, Y, Zhao, L, Mi, M, Calamia, A, Bao, L, Cao, VN, Capelle-Blancard, G, Capera, L, Caporin, M, Carrion, A, Caskurlu, T, Chakrabarty, B, Chernov, M, Cheung, WMY, Chincarini, LB, Chordia, T, Chow, SC, Clapham, B, Colliard, J-E, Comerton-Forde, C, Curran, E, Dao, T, Dare, W, Davies, RJ, De Blasis, R, De Nard, G, Declerck, F, Deev, O, Degryse, H, Deku, S, Desagre, C, Van Dijk, MA, Dim, C, Dimpfl, T, Dong, YJ, Drummond, P, Dudda, T, Dumitrescu, A, Dyakov, T, Dyhrberg, AH, Dzieliński, M, Eksi, A, El Kalak, I, ter Ellen, S, Eugster, N, Evans, MDD, Farrell, M, Félez-Viñas, E, Ferrara, G, FERROUHI, EM, Flori, A, Fluharty-Jaidee, J, Foley, S, Fong, KYL, Foucault, T, Franus, T, Franzoni, FA, Frijns, B, Frömmel, M, Fu, S, Füllbrunn, S, Gan, B, Gehrig, T, Gerritsen, D, Gil-Bazo, J, Glosten, LR, Gomez, T, Gorbenko, A, Güçbilmez, U, and Grammig, J
Published: 2024

26. Cascade-Aware Training of Language Models

Author: Wang, Congchao, Augenstein, Sean, Rush, Keith, Jitkrittum, Wittawat, Narasimhan, Harikrishna, Rawat, Ankit Singh, Menon, Aditya Krishna, Go, Alec, Wang, Congchao, Augenstein, Sean, Rush, Keith, Jitkrittum, Wittawat, Narasimhan, Harikrishna, Rawat, Ankit Singh, Menon, Aditya Krishna, and Go, Alec
Abstract: Reducing serving cost and latency is a fundamental concern for the deployment of language models (LMs) in business applications. To address this, cascades of LMs offer an effective solution that conditionally employ smaller models for simpler queries. Cascaded systems are typically built with independently trained models, neglecting the advantages of considering inference-time interactions of the cascaded LMs during training. In this paper, we present cascade-aware training(CAT), an approach to optimizing the overall quality-cost performance tradeoff of a cascade of LMs. We achieve inference-time benefits by training the small LM with awareness of its place in a cascade and downstream capabilities. We demonstrate the value of the proposed method with over 60 LM tasks of the SuperGLUE, WMT22, and FLAN2021 datasets., Comment: 22 pages, 13 figures
Published: 2024

27. Entity Disambiguation via Fusion Entity Decoding

Author: Wang, Junxiong, Mousavi, Ali, Attia, Omar, Pradeep, Ronak, Potdar, Saloni, Rush, Alexander M., Minhas, Umar Farooq, Li, Yunyao, Wang, Junxiong, Mousavi, Ali, Attia, Omar, Pradeep, Ronak, Potdar, Saloni, Rush, Alexander M., Minhas, Umar Farooq, and Li, Yunyao
Abstract: Entity disambiguation (ED), which links the mentions of ambiguous entities to their referent entities in a knowledge base, serves as a core component in entity linking (EL). Existing generative approaches demonstrate improved accuracy compared to classification approaches under the standardized ZELDA benchmark. Nevertheless, generative approaches suffer from the need for large-scale pre-training and inefficient generation. Most importantly, entity descriptions, which could contain crucial information to distinguish similar entities from each other, are often overlooked. We propose an encoder-decoder model to disambiguate entities with more detailed entity descriptions. Given text and candidate entities, the encoder learns interactions between the text and each candidate entity, producing representations for each entity candidate. The decoder then fuses the representations of entity candidates together and selects the correct entity. Our experiments, conducted on various entity disambiguation benchmarks, demonstrate the strong and robust performance of this model, particularly +1.5% in the ZELDA benchmark compared with GENRE. Furthermore, we integrate this approach into the retrieval/reader framework and observe +1.5% improvements in end-to-end entity linking in the GERBIL benchmark compared with EntQA., Comment: Accepted at NAACL'24 main
Published: 2024

28. Semiclassical phase-space methods for Hermitian and non-Hermitian quantum dynamics

Author: Rush, Alexander, Graefe, Eva-Maria, and Parry, Andrew
Subjects: 515
Abstract: In this thesis, we study semiclassical phase-space methods for quantum evolution in Hermitian and non-Hermitian systems. We first present the dynamics of Gaussian wave packets under non-Hermitian Hamiltonians and interpret them as a classical dynamics for complex Hamiltonians. We use these to derive exact dynamics for wave packets in the quadratic Swanson oscillator. We show that in the case of unbroken PT-symmetry there can be periodic divergences in this system and relate this to the fact that any operator mapping the system to a Hermitian counterpart is unbounded. We apply the semiclassical wave-packet dynamics to two further anharmonic example systems: a PT-symmetric wave guide, a version of which we propose as a filtering device for optical beams, and a non-Hermitian single-band tight-binding model, for which we use classical equations of motion to model both narrowly and widely distributed initial states. We further develop an exact quantum propagator for non-Hermitian dynamics using lattices of wave packets, whose evolution is governed by the semiclassical equations of motion. We demonstrate that this accurately reproduces quantum dynamics compared to the split operator method. Finally we study a Hermitian two-mode many-particle model for bosonic atom-molecule conversion, for which the classical phase-space structure is an orbifold. We show that standard semiclassical tools may be applied to recover features such as the dynamics, spectrum and density of states of the many-particle system.
Published: 2016
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29. The Majority Rules: The Origins of Voter ID Laws and Their Role in Electoral Strategy Today

Author: Rush, Tye, Barreto, Matthew A1, Rush, Tye, Rush, Tye, Barreto, Matthew A1, and Rush, Tye
Abstract: Some states implement voting laws that make it harder to vote. Today, despite evidence that voter impersonation is rare, 34 states have implemented some form of voter ID. I ask: 1) Where do restrictive voting policies come from? 2) Why do state legislators pass restrictive voting policy? What conditions make legislators more likely to sponsor and support these policies? Few studies examine what factors contribute to state legislator support for restrictive voting requirements. I investigate how demographic threat impacts state legislator support for voter identification legislation. I argue that voter identification laws are elite-driven devices that legislators use to retain political power when changing demographics disfavor them and pose an existential threat to their electoral viability, particularly when it is unfeasible for legislators to successfully win support from racial minority voters. The restrictive voting laws prior to the civil rights movement were explicitly racially discriminatory, but in order to overcome legal challenges restrictive voting laws today are written to be race neutral and to produce a racially discriminatory effect. This study takes a holistic approach, examining legislator intent behind voter identification laws, by using historical context around restrictive voting laws to establish the link between the restrictive voting laws of the past and those of today in the literature. First, I examine archived sources to understand how voter identification laws developed from other discriminatory tests and devices. Findings indicate that early voter identification laws were implemented in places where large nonwhite populations enjoyed strong political organization and power, and modern voter identification laws are adopted similar contexts. Next, I examine why state legislators vote for and sponsor these laws. I find evidence that state legislators respond to demographic threat with restrictive voter identification legislation. Many schola
Published: 2023

30. Topography-Guided LASIK: A Prospective Study Evaluating Patient-Reported Outcomes

Author: Rush,Sloan, Pickett,Cory, Wilson,Braden, Rush,Ryan, Rush,Sloan, Pickett,Cory, Wilson,Braden, and Rush,Ryan
Abstract: Sloan W Rush,1,2 Cory J Pickett,1 Braden J Wilson,3 Ryan B Rush2 1Rush Eye Associates, Amarillo, TX, USA; 2Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Amarillo, TX, USA; 3Baylor Scott and White Health, Temple, TX, USACorrespondence: Ryan B Rush, Southwest Retina Specialists, 7411 Wallace Blvd, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA, Tel +1 806 351-1870, Email ryan.rush.md@gmail.comPurpose: To evaluate patient-reported outcomes with a validated patient questionnaire following topography-guided LASIK (TG-LASIK).Methods: Patients undergoing TG-LASIK using Phorcides analytic software were prospectively enrolled to receive an adapted Patient-Reported Outcomes with LASIK Symptoms and Satisfaction (PROWL)Â questionnaire before and 26-weeks after treatment. The main study outcome was the change in the Global Vision Satisfaction Index from the PROWL questionnaire.Results: Forty-six patients underwent treatment and completed the modified PROWL questionnaire before and 26-weeks after TG-LASIK. The Global Vision Satisfaction Index from the modified PROWL questionnaire improved from 4.07 (3.87â 4.26) to 5.00 (4.81â 5.19) after the TG-LASIK treatment (p < 0.0001). The study populationâs binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/16, 20/12.5, and 20/10 or better in 100%, 87.0%, and 15.2% at 26 weeks post TG-LASIK, respectively.Conclusion: Patient satisfaction as assessed with the modified PROWL questionnaire is very high after undergoing TG-LASIK using Phorcides analytic software. Patient-reported outcomes add another dimension when assessing treatment efficacy beyond change in visual acuity and corneal architecture, and specialists may consider incorporating such assessments into the consenting process and patient education at large.Keywords: LASIK, topography-guided, Contoura, PROWL, patient-reported outcomes, Phorcides
Published: 2023

31. Timing of the Initial Postoperative Care After Cataract Surgery: A Patient’s Perspective

Author: Rush,Sloan W, Huseman,Samuel, Rush,Ryan B, Rush,Sloan W, Huseman,Samuel, and Rush,Ryan B
Abstract: Sloan W Rush,1,2 Samuel Huseman,1,2 Ryan B Rush2,3 1Panhandle Eye Group, Amarillo, TX, USA; 2Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Amarillo, TX, USA; 3Southwest Retina Specialists, Amarillo, TX, USACorrespondence: Ryan B Rush, Southwest Retina Specialists, 7411 Wallace Blvd, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA, Tel +1 806 351-1870, Email ryan.rush.md@gmail.comPurpose: To evaluate patient preferences in regards to the timing of the initial postoperative examination after undergoing cataract surgery.Methods: A retrospective, consecutive case series analysis from a single private practice institution was performed using a standardized phone survey on patients who underwent cataract surgery. Subjects were classified into one of two possible study groups according to the timing of their initial postoperative cataract surgery examination: Group A received the initial postoperative cataract surgery examination on the same day as the surgery, whereas Group B received the initial postoperative cataract surgery examination on the day following the operation.Results: There were 80 subjects contacted for the phone survey of which 70 (35 in each study group) completed the survey and therefore were included in the analysis. Group A subjects responded favorably in regards to preference and realizing reduced time and cost savings compared to Group B (p < 0.0001 for both). There were no subjects in Group A who would have preferred next-day initial postoperative care, whereas 31.4% of subjects in Group B would have preferred same-day care if given the opportunity.Conclusion: Patients undergoing cataract surgery both prefer and report time and cost savings with same-day initial postoperative care compared to next-day initial postoperative care. Patient preferences regarding their postoperative care should be one of the many factors that a surgeon ought to take into consideration when providing follow-up care after cataract surgery.Keywords: postoperative cataract
Published: 2023

32. Patient-Reported Dry Eye Outcomes After Myopic Femtosecond-LASIK: A 6-Month Prospective Analysis

Author: Rush,Sloan, Pickett,Cory J, Rush,Ryan B, Rush,Sloan, Pickett,Cory J, and Rush,Ryan B
Abstract: Sloan Rush,1,2 Cory J Pickett,1 Ryan B Rush2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Rush Eye Associates, Amarillo, TX, USA; 2Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USACorrespondence: Ryan B Rush, Chosen Eye Mission, 8201 Valcour Dr, Amarillo, TX, 79119, USA, Tel +1-806-353-0125, Email Ryan.rush.md@gmail.comPurpose: To evaluate patient-reported outcomes in relation to dry eye symptoms following femtosecond LASIK (FS-LASIK).Methods: This study was conducted as a prospective, observational case series of patients undergoing bilateral myopic FS-LASIK at a single private practice institution. Enrolled patients were prospectively administered a standardized Dry Eye Symptom Index survey (analog score of 1 to 5 with 5 being the worst) prior to treatment and at 6-months after FS-LASIK. The following objective measurements were also recorded: objective scatter index (OSI), tear film osmolarity (TFO), and automated tear break-up times (TBUT).Results: There were 40 enrolled patients who underwent bilateral myopic FS-LASIK and completed the 6-month study period. The Dry Eye Symptom Index score improved from 2.3 (2.0â 2.6, 95% Confidence Intervals) prior to treatment to 1.3 (1.0â 1.5) at 6 months (p < 0.0001). Subset analysis of the subjective dry eye symptoms showed improvement in âgrittinessâ (p = 0.001) but not in âlight sensitivityâ or âsorenessâ (p = 0.13 and p = 0.24, respectively). There were no significant changes in the OSI, TFO, or TBUT measurements at 6 months (p > 0.05 for all), and there were no adverse events or complications during the study period.Conclusion: Patient-reported dry eye symptoms improve after 6 months following myopic FS-LASIK. This did not correlate with the objective dry eye measurement changes at 6 months.Keywords: LASIK, tear film osmolarity, tear break-up time, patient-reported outcomes, dry eye
Published: 2023

33. Is It Easier to Count Communities Than Find Them?

Author: Cynthia Rush and Fiona Skerman and Alexander S. Wein and Dana Yang, Rush, Cynthia, Skerman, Fiona, Wein, Alexander S., Yang, Dana, Cynthia Rush and Fiona Skerman and Alexander S. Wein and Dana Yang, Rush, Cynthia, Skerman, Fiona, Wein, Alexander S., and Yang, Dana
Abstract: Random graph models with community structure have been studied extensively in the literature. For both the problems of detecting and recovering community structure, an interesting landscape of statistical and computational phase transitions has emerged. A natural unanswered question is: might it be possible to infer properties of the community structure (for instance, the number and sizes of communities) even in situations where actually finding those communities is believed to be computationally hard? We show the answer is no. In particular, we consider certain hypothesis testing problems between models with different community structures, and we show (in the low-degree polynomial framework) that testing between two options is as hard as finding the communities. In addition, our methods give the first computational lower bounds for testing between two different "planted" distributions, whereas previous results have considered testing between a planted distribution and an i.i.d. "null" distribution.
Published: 2023
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34. Assessing environmental change associated with early Eocene hyperthermals in the Atlantic Coastal Plain, USA

Author: Rush, William, Rush, William, Self-Trail, Jean, Zhang, Yang, Sluijs, Appy, Brinkhuis, Henk, Zachos, James, Ogg, James G, Robinson, Marci, Rush, William, Rush, William, Self-Trail, Jean, Zhang, Yang, Sluijs, Appy, Brinkhuis, Henk, Zachos, James, Ogg, James G, and Robinson, Marci
Published: 2023

35. Cramming: The Effects of School Accountability on College-Bound Students. Working Paper 7

Author: Urban Institute, National Center for Analysis of Longitudinal Data in Education Research (CALDER), Donovan, Colleen, Figlio, David, and Rush, Mark
Abstract: This paper presents the first evidence of the effects of school accountability systems on the long-term human capital development of high-performing, college-bound students. The results are mixed. On the one hand, the evidence is consistent that school accountability sanction threats are associated with changes in student study habits. Students who attended high schools that were threatened with accountability sanctions systematically study differently than did their school-mates who graduated from high school in an adjacent year but who were not directly affected by the school's threat of sanctions. Students from high schools threatened with sanctions postpone studying and cram more than students from the same high schools when the schools were not threatened with sanctions. The tendency toward increased cramming seems likely to result when threatened schools place a heavy emphasis on the outcomes of a specific test, rather than on overall learning outcomes over the entire year. The authors also find evidence that the induced increase in student cramming, "ceteris paribus", leads to reduced course performance in the classes in which the student crams. These results provide potential lessons for the design of accountability systems. The finding that students are apparently better prepared for college coursework in the specific subjects that are emphasized by the accountability system suggests that accountability systems that cover more subject areas may in turn produce better-prepared students. At the same time, the finding that students performed better when their schools were threatened with sanctions under a standards-based accountability system than under an accountability system with lower standards indicates that a system with high-quality tests closely aligned with rigorous standards is likely to yield better student preparation for higher education. A full set of coefficient estimates is appended. (Contains 1 figure, 10 tables and 9 footnotes.)
Published: 2007

36. Understanding hydroformylation : a combined synthetic and computational approach

Author: Rush, Laura Elizabeth
Subjects: 541
Abstract: A series of SY/11- and aSY/11- phobane ligands of the type PhobPZ (Z = F, OR, NRR' and CR)) have been synthesised. These P(III) compounds have been coordinated to [RhCl(CO)zh and the Veo has been measured to probe the a-donation and n-acceptor properties of the compounds, and to give insight into their use as ligands in the Co- and Rh-catalysed hydrofonnylation of l-alkenes. The Tolman electronic parameter has been calculated for PhobPZ ligands in [Ni(COhL], where Z = F, OR, NRR' and CR), and these results illustrate the agreement between the experimental data obtained from the synthesis of[RhCl(CO)(PhobPZ)z] complexes and computational data.
Published: 2014

37. Transition at Age 3: Steps for Success Transition Guide for Oklahoma Children with Disabilities, Their Families, SoonerStart Early Intervention Services, Schools, and Community Programs.

Author: Oklahoma State Dept. of Education, Oklahoma City. Div. of Special Education., Sharp, Mark, Villines-Hackney, Amber, Rush, Dathan, Shelden, M'Lisa, and Hansen, Laura
Abstract: This guide was developed to support families, the SoonerStart Early Intervention Program, schools, and community programs in meeting the federal and state requirements under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Amendments of 1997 for transition of children at age three. It provides guiding principles, recommended practices, and tools to promote smooth and effective transitions. The guide also serves to encourage practices that will reflect a home, school, and community partnership to benefit all concerned, including the family and child, the SoonerStart Early Intervention Program, local schools, and, ultimately, the community at large. Information is included on the transition timeline, Individualized Family Service Plans (IFSPs) and Individualized Education Programs (IEPs), evaluation and assessment, eligibility determination, and parental rights. Three appendices include: (1) A Look at My Child's Development; (2) A Guide for Sharing Information during Transition; and (3) The Continuum of Placement Options. The guide also contains a list of common abbreviations, a glossary of terms, and recommended readings to help children transition at age three. (Author/SG)
Published: 2001

38. Cultural transition in East Anglia, c. 350 to c. 650, and the origins of the kingdom of the East Angles

Author: Rush, Michael Calvert
Subjects: 900, DA Great Britain
Abstract: This thesis is a study of the transition from Romano-British to Anglo-Saxon culture in East Anglia from the mid fourth to the mid seventh century, and of the origins of the kingdom of the East Angles. It combines three types of evidence: archaeology, place-names and written sources. It aims to test the validity of this kind of multidisciplinary regional study. The first part of the thesis concerns material culture, and consists of a thorough investigation of the region's archaeological material from the late Roman and early Anglo-Saxon periods, focusing on the latest Romano-British evidence and earliest Germanic evidence. The early Anglo-Saxon-period population is characterised as heterogeneous, and the pays is posited as the most useful way of drawing distinctions within it. The second part looks at the linguistic evidence contained within the region's place-name corpus, and argues for the presence of a significant British element within the early "Anglo-Saxon" population. A comparison of the two types of evidence broadly confirms orthodox notions concerning Old English place-name chronology, although substantial intra-regional variation is highlighted. The third part collates evidence for the origins of the kingdom of the East Angles, and suggests that this variety was an important influence on its formation.
Published: 2013

39. Improving teaching and learning of critical thinking across the curriculum at a large research university : an empirical study using qualitative methods

Author: Cosgrove, David Rush
Subjects: 370, Critical thinking--Study and teaching (Higher)
Published: 2013

40. Fire performance of unprotected and protected concrete filled steel hollow structural sections

Author: Rush, David Ian, Bisby, Luke, and Gillie, Martin
Subjects: 624.1, concrete filled steel hollow sections, fire, design, intumescent, residual strength
Abstract: Concrete filled steel hollow structural (CFS) sections are increasingly used to support large compressive loads in buildings, with the concrete infill and the steel tube working together to yield several benefits both at ambient temperature and during a fire. These members are now widely applied in the design of highly optimized multi-storey and high rise buildings where fire resistance ratings of two or more hours may be required. Whilst the response and design of these sections at ambient temperatures is reasonably well understood, their response in fire, and thus their fire resistance design, is less well established. Structural fire resistance design guidance is available but has been developed based on tests of predominantly short, concentrically-loaded, small-diameter columns in braced frames using normal strength concrete. The current prescriptive guidance is limited and the design of CFS columns is thus often based on a detailed performance based approach, which can be time consuming and expensive and which is generally not well supported by a deep understanding of CFS columns’ behaviour in real fires. This thesis aims to understand the fundamental thermal and mechanical factors at play within these sections so as to provide guidance on how to improve their design for fire resistance when applied either as unprotected or protected sections. A meta-analysis of available furnace test data is used to demonstrate that current guidance fails to capture the relevant mechanics and thus poorly predicts fire resistance. It is also demonstrated that the predictive abilities of the available design standards vary with physical characteristics of the CFS section such as shape and size. A factor which has been observed in furnace tests on CFS sections but which is not accounted for in available guidance is the formation of an air gap between the steel tube and the concrete core due to differential expansion; this affects their structural response in fire. The insulating effect of air gap formation has not previously been addressed in literature and an experimental program is presented to systematically assess the effects of a gap on the heat transfer through the section; showing that the presence of even a 1 mm gap is important. To explicitly assess the heat transfer response within both unprotected and fire protected (i.e. insulated) CFS sections, 34 large scale standard furnace tests were performed in partnership with an industry sponsor. Fourteen tests on large scale unloaded unprotected CFS sections are presented to assess current capability to predict the thermal response and to assess the effects of different sectional and material parameters on heating. New best practice thermal modelling guidance is suggested based on comparison between the models and observed temperatures from the tests. Twenty CFS specimens of varying size and shape, protected with different types and thicknesses of intumescent paint fire insulation, were also tested unloaded in a furnace to understand the thermal evolution within protected CFS sections and to develop design guidance to support application of intumescent coatings in performance based fire resistance design of CFS sections. These tests demonstrate that the intumescent coatings were far more effective than expected when applied to CFS sections, and that current methods of designing the coatings’ thickness are overly conservative. The reason for this appears to be that the calculation of effective section factor which is used in the prescription of intumescent coating thicknesses is based on the thermal response of unprotected CFS sections which display fundamentally different heating characteristics from protected sections due to the development of a thermal gradient in the concrete core. It is also demonstrated (by calculation supported by the testing presented herein) that the steel failure temperature (i.e. limiting temperature) of an unprotected CFS column in fire is significantly higher than one which is protected; procedures to determine the limiting temperature of protected sections are suggested. Finally, the residual strength of fire-exposed CFS columns is examined through structural testing of 19 of the 34 fire tested columns along with unheated control specimens. The results provide insights into the residual response of unprotected and protected CFS section exposed to fire, and demonstrate a reasonable ability to calculate their residual structural capacity. The work presented in this thesis has shed light on the ability of available guidance to rationally predict the thermal and structural response to fire of CFS columns, has improved the understanding of the thermal evolution within protected and unprotected CFS sections in fire, has provided best-practice guidance and material input parameters for both thermal and structural modelling of CFS sections, and has improved understanding of the residual capacity of CFS sections after a fire.
Published: 2013

41. Exposures : exploring selves and landscapes in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone

Author: Rush-Cooper, Nicholas
Subjects: 550
Abstract: This thesis contributes to understandings of tourism and landscape by detailing how embodied tourist subjects are active producers of knowledge and place, rather than passive consumers. However tourists are not understood as the sole producers and this thesis details a world of active agencies in negotiation and mutual re-configuration. It is based upon an ethnographic study through participant observation of 25 day-trip tours to the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone in Ukraine. The participant observation was undertaken as researcher, visitor and tour guide and offers a range of perspectives and accounts. The thesis offers an account of embodied subjectivity and landscape as mutually implicated and in a co-becoming, but a mutuality that is fraught, negotiated and uncertain rather than a given vitality. The thesis is presented as five 'cuts' through this ethnographic material, each broaching specific theoretical and empirical concerns. First, the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone is argued to be a site of post-apocalypse in a manner which re-purposes a post-apocalyptic imaginary as a salient political narrative that holds a fidelity to events, pasts and futures and in contrast to Hollywood spectacle and certain climate change prophecies. Secondly the thesis examines practices of meaning-making in the ruins of Pripyat, drawing on theories that highlight material, embodied practices of making-sense through encounters with vestiges of other lives. Thirdly it presents a post-phenomenological account of embodied subjectivity. Merleau-Ponty's philosophy of the flesh is examined and, through the work of Luce Irigaray, a re conceptualisation is presented that asserts a necessary passivity of exposure as the predicate for all action and that offers a radical account of the reversibility of the flesh that de-centres the embodied subject. Fourthly the map that accompanies this thesis is presented as a means of examining networks of negotiation with the resistant, wilful, trickster agencies of radiation. Drawing on the work of Bruno Latour and Donna Haraway the thesis focuses on the Geiger counter as a key mediator in practices which assert a topographical account of networked practices in contrast to topological accounts associated with actor-network theory. Finally, the thesis offers a conception of difference and boundary-making practices as performative re-configurations where difference is understood not only as produced, rather than given through a priori assumptions of bodily and worldly boundaries, but also as actively productive. The thesis contributes to debates on subjectivity, landscape and knowledge production.
Published: 2013

42. Early Childhood: The Role of the Paraprofessional. Strategies for Paraprofessionals Who Support Individuals with Disabilities. Facilitator Edition [and] Student Edition.

Author: Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis. Inst. on Community Integration., Hutchinson Technical Coll., MN., Minnesota State Dept. of Education, St. Paul., Minnesota State Board of Technical Colleges, St. Paul., and Rush, Karen
Abstract: This training module focuses on early childhood and is part of a training series for paraprofessionals working with students who have disabilities. The module is comprised of two components, a facilitator's guide and a student guide. The facilitator's guide provides the full text of the student's edition as well as chapter goals to be accomplished by students, an outline of topics covered in each text section, materials necessary to teach each chapter (such as transparencies, handouts, and supplemental readings), discussion questions, suggested activities to be completed by students outside of class, and lists of resources (many in Minnesota). Individual chapters cover the following topics: (1) an introduction to early intervention and early education; (2) child development in the early years; (3) individualized planning for children with disabilities; (4) the paraprofessional in the classroom; and (5) the paraprofessional's role in working with families and the community. Seven appendices provide: information on the Americans with Disabilities Act and child care providers; developmental milestones from birth to age 9; a sample Individualized Education Plan form; a sample Individualized Family Service Plan form; summaries of articles on behavior management; a family needs survey form; and information from the Minnesota Paraprofessional Consortium. (Contains 29 references.) (DB)
Published: 1999

43. What are the experiences of young people who, following their discharge from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS), do not transfer into adult mental health services (AMHS)?

Author: Rush, Michelle Anne
Subjects: 150, BF Psychology
Abstract: This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate in Clinical Psychology (D.Clin.Psy.) at the School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, UK. It comprises two volumes. Volume I consists of the research component whilst Volume II comprises the written clinical component based on work completed during training. Volume I comprises of a systematic literature review, an empirical research paper and a public domain paper. The systematic literature review considers available literature investigating mental health literacy and help-seeking behaviours in young people. The empirical research paper explores young people’s experiences who upon reaching the upper age limit for Child Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) are discharged rather than being transferred into Adult Mental Health Services (AMHS). Volume II contains five Clinical Practice Reports (CPR’s). CPR1 presents both cognitive behavioural and systemic formulations of a 16 year old female referred to CAMHS due to symptoms of depression. CPR2 is a service evaluation which aimed to assess service users’ perspectives of the Choice And Partnership Approach (CAPA), a newly implemented way of working within CAMHS. CPR3 presents a case-study of a 67 year old man, referred to mental health services for older people, due to long-standing symptoms of depression. CPR4 documents a single-case experimental design that assessed the effectiveness of a behavioural intervention implemented to reduce symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in a 13 year old male with a moderate learning disability. An abstract outlining CPR5, a clinical presentation about a 21 year old female referred to a systemic service following developing symptoms of depression related to difficult family relationships is also included.
Published: 2012

44. Development of weld repair methods for Rene 80 nickel based superalloy

Author: Rush, Matthew T. and Colegrove, Paul A.
Subjects: 669
Abstract: Nickel based superalloys are an integral material for gas turbines, where their excellent high temperature mechanical properties and corrosion resistance are utilised. Due to the increasing costs of raw materials, manufacturers are interested in repairing in-service and manufacturing defects in components. Unfortunately, superalloys such as Rene 80 are highly susceptible to welding defects such as liquation cracking and post-weld heat treatment cracking, which make repair welding highly difficult. The aim of the research in this thesis was to develop an improved understanding of welding defect production in nickel-based superalloys. In particular, the effect of repair process and its parameters were examined, with the ultimate aim to produce crack-free repair welds. The main theme of the work involved a large parametric study of the process parameter effects on welding defects in Rene 80 using a high power fibre laser. This work determined an optimised range of parameters which reduced the incidence of cracking. Furthermore, this work also identified a key relationship between the weld bead geometry aspect ratio and the incidence of cracking. This relationship was studied using neutron diffraction to determine the differences in strain and residual stresses between two welds with identical heat input but different geometry. An in-depth investigation of the cracks within the material, identified that as-welded cracks formed via liquation of secondary phases such as carbides, γ/γ’ eutectics, and secondary gamma prime. The post weld heat treatment cracks formed by the strain-age mechanism in Rene 80. From this work, a novel repair procedure avoiding the complications associated with using lower strength filler metal was developed, based on the optimised welding parameters. Finally, a number of advanced low heat input welding processes were also investigated for repair of superalloys.
Published: 2012

45. Thinking in images : visual syllepsis in the works of Philip Sidney and Edmund Spenser

Author: Rush, Joanne Nicola
Subjects: 821
Published: 2011

46. The generic originality of Iurii Tynianov's representation of Pushkin in the novels 'Pushkin' and 'The Gannibals

Author: Rush, Anna and Keys, Roger
Subjects: 891.8, Iurii Tynianov, A. Pushkin, Tynianov's "Pushkin" and "The Gannibals", Biography, Historical novel, Historiography, Bildungsroman, 'Superfluous men', Personal myth, PG3476.T9Z5R8, Tyn?i?anov, ?I?Urii Nikolaevich, 1894-1943--Criticism and interpretation, Tyn?i?anov, ?I?Urii Nikolaevich, 1894-1943--Pusjkin, Tyn?i?anov, ?I?Urii Nikolaevich, 1894-1943--Gannibaly, Pushkin, A. S. (Aleksandr Sergeevich), 1799-1837--In literature, Pushkin, A. S. (Aleksandr Sergeevich), 1799-1837--Biography
Abstract: This thesis is the first extensive study devoted to the generic originality of Iurii Tynianov’s representation of Pushkin in his two historical novels, Pushkin (1935-1943) and the abandoned The Gannibals (1932). Chapter 1 contextualises Tynianov’s contribution to the current debates on the novel’s demise, ‘large’ form and the worthy protagonist. The conditions giving rise to contemporary interest in the genres of biography and the historical novel are delineated and the critical issues surrounding these are examined; Tynianov’s concern to secularise the rigid monolith of an all but sanctified ‘state-sponsored Pushkin’ and the difficulties of the task are also reviewed. Chapter 2 shifts the examination of Pushkin as a historical novel to its study within the generic framework of the Bildungs, Erziehungs and Künstlerromane with their particular problematics which allowed Tynianov to grapple with a cluster of moral, philosophical and educational issues, and to explore the formative influences on the protagonist’s identity as a poet. Chapter 3 explores the concept of history underlying Tynianov’s interpretation of the characters and events and the historiographical practices he employed in his analyses of the factors that shaped Pushkin’s own historical thinking. Chapter 4 investigates Tynianov’s scepticism about Abram Gannibal’s and A. Pushkin’s mythopoeia which reveals itself in Tynianov’s subversively ironical and playful use of myth in both novels. The Conclusion assesses Tynianov’s contribution to the 20th century fictional Pushkiniana and reflects on his innovative transgeneric historical novel which broke the normative restrictions of the genre, elevated it to the level of ‘serious’ literature and made it conducive to stylistic experimentation.
Published: 2011
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47. Klondike Gold Rush, 1897-98: An Educator's Guide to America's 'Last Grand Adventure.'

Author: Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park, Skagway, AK., Remick, Scott, and Cook, Cathy
Abstract: This student handbook provides an overview of the Klondike Alaska Gold Rush of 1897-98. The unit was designed for junior high school students but can be modified for different grade levels. A vocabulary list and worksheet accompanies the unit, along with a time line and map activity. A group activity requires students to work in teams to get their goods over the Chilkoot Pass and on to Dawson City and the Klondike. A "Gold Rush Jeopardy" game provides a review for the unit. Numerous photographs and other archival materials accompany the unit. (EH)
Published: 1997

48. Girls' secondary education in the north of Ireland, 1867-1947

Author: Rush, Elizabeth
Subjects: 370.942
Published: 2010

49. Against perdurance theories of processes

Author: Rush, Michael
Subjects: 110
Published: 2008

50. The unnarratable & contemporary culture : Delillo, Sebald, Rushdie

Author: Rush, David
Subjects: 808.8023
Published: 2007

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