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Orbital angular momentum of light is regarded as a valuable resource in quantum technology, especially in quantum communication and quantum sensing and ranging. However, the OAM state of light is susceptible to undesirable experimental conditions such as propagation distance and phase distortions, which hinders the potential for the realistic implementation of relevant technologies. In this article, we exploit an enhanced deep learning neural network to identify different OAM modes of light at multiple propagation distances with phase distortions. Specifically, our trained deep learning neural network can efficiently identify the vortex beam's topological charge and propagation distance with 97% accuracy. Our technique has important implications for OAM based communication and sensing protocols., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures

Mei Liu,1,2 Rui-Bo Wang,1 Jian-Hong Xing,2 Ying-Xue Tang3 1Chinese Medicine College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 3Postgraduate Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, ShandongCorrespondence: Ying-Xue TangPostgraduate Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changqing Campus of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +8653189628067Email doctortyx@163.comBackground: Preeclampsia (PE), a serious pregnancy disorder, is responsible for maternal and fetal mortality worldwide. At present, numerous candidate biomarkers have been studied to predict PE.Objective: To explore the role of Corin in PE risk prediction and then evaluate the predictive ability of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (sFlt-1), placenta growth factor (PLGF), and sFlt-1/PLGF after the addition of Corin.Methods: A total of 135 pregnant women from Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine participated in this study in their first trimester. A nested case–control study was conducted and all subjects were divided into PE groups (n=46) and controls (n=89). The levels of PLGF, sFlt-1, sFlt-1/PLGF ratio, and Corin of the two groups at 12– 16 weeks of gestation were measured and analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination index (IDI) were calculated to evaluate the predictive ability of various biomarkers.Results: The concentrations of sFlt-1, sFlt-1/PLGF, and Corin in PE group were significantly higher than that in controls, while the concentration of PLGF in the PE group was l