Author: "Ruan BY" / Publication Type: Electronic Resources - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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6,255 results on '"Ruan BY"'

1. Non-linear galaxy clustering in modified gravity cosmologies

Author: Ruan, Cheng-Zong
Abstract: We present 'MG-GLAM', a code developed for the very fast production of full N-body cosmological simulations in modified gravity (MG) models. We describe the implementation, numerical tests, and first results of a large suite of cosmological simulations for a wide range of viable MG models. The code is highly optimised, with a tremendous speedup of a factor of more than a hundred compared with earlier N-body codes, while still giving accurate predictions of the matter power spectrum and dark matter halo abundance. MG-GLAM is ideal for the generation of large numbers of MG simulations that can be used in the construction of mock galaxy catalogues and the production of accurate emulators for ongoing and future galaxy surveys. The coming generation of galaxy surveys will provide measurements of galaxy clustering with unprecedented accuracy and data size, which will allow us to test cosmological models at a much higher precision than previously achievable. This means that we must have more accurate theoretical predictions to compare with future observational data. As a first step toward more accurate modelling of the redshift space distortions (RSD) of small-scale galaxy clustering in modified gravity cosmologies, we investigate the validity of the so-called Skew-T (ST) probability distribution function (PDF) of halo pairwise peculiar velocities in these models. We show that combined with the streaming model, the ST PDF substantially improves the small-scale predictions by incorporating skewness and kurtosis, for both Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) and two leading MG models: f(R) gravity and the DGP braneworld model. The ST model reproduces the velocity PDF and redshift-space halo clustering measured from MG N-body simulations down to highly non-linear scales. By performing a simple Fisher analysis, we find a significant increase in constraining power to detect modifications of General Relativity by introducing small-scale information in the RSD analyses. We introduce an emulator-based halo model approach for non-linear clustering of galaxies in modified gravity cosmologies. We construct accurate emulators, i.e. simulation-based theoretical templates, using neural networks for basic halo properties than can be calculated robustly from N-body simulations. The dark matter halo emulators can be combined with a halo-galaxy connection model to predict the galaxy clustering statistics down to non-linear scales through the halo model.
Published: 2022

2. Understanding China's national identity and identifications through mediated popular culture

Author: Ruan, Hanzhi
Subjects: DS Asia, HM Sociology, JC Political theory, JQ Political institutions (Asia, Africa, Australia, Pacific Area, etc.)
Abstract: This research sets out to examine China's national identity led by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from a mediated popular cultural perspective. Building on the revised model of the "circuit of culture", it attempts to understand how does the CCP (re)produce and (re)distribute China's national identity through mediated popular culture. This thesis defines the central problematics of China's national identity as: domestically, the dynamic between the individual and the collective, and internationally, the tension between China as an ideological minority versus the dominant political culture that is based on liberal humanism. With this understanding in mind, this thesis adds four elements to the "circuit of culture", and examining China's national identity circulated in the mediated popular culture as political/ethical; subjective/personal; social sedimentation, social imagination and extended social space; last but not least, China's national identity as a temporal construction that evolves in accordance to contingent conditions in China mainland. After clarifying the key concepts and theories deployed in this thesis, it firstly explores the historical dynamic between the state, the Chinese people and the media, which provides an insight into the modern constructions of China's national identity led by the CCP. Secondly, this thesis analyses China's current official national identity propagated by the state in 2012 and reveals that the construction of the Chinese Dream is a complex process of reworking the old and new political discourses concerning China's newfound position as the world's second largest economy. Thirdly, as China's state media institutions learnt to adapt to the new media and communication technologies first developed in the west, the political communication of China's national identity has also seen a gradual change in terms of styles, content and method. The last two chapters focus on how China's national identities are produced, consumed, regulated, and represented in popular cultural industries. The previous case study looks at Chinese blockbusters and examines that if the state-owned media conglomeration manages to encourage Chinese consumers' identification with the nation-state. The latter case study analyses the celebrity-fan network online and its complex entanglement with cyber nationalism initiated by Chinese netizens. This thesis concludes by suggesting that while mediated popular culture seems to be a required field in generating Chinese people's identification with the Party-state, the real acceptance of one's national identity also depends significantly on what the government deliver to its people, rather than ideology.
Published: 2020

3. The investigation into polymer semiconductor photoelectrodes for light-driven water splitting

Author: Ruan, Qiushi
Subjects: 541
Abstract: Photoelectrochemical (PEC) photosynthesis has been regarded as a promising method to convert inexhaustible solar energy to fuels, in which polymer semiconductors have been identified to be promising photocatalysts because they are abundant, environmentally benign, and has easily tuneable band structure. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) as one of the most promising polymer photocatalysts has realized efficient water splitting in a suspension system. However, its PEC application is limited by its low efficiency due to both unclear understanding of reaction kinetics in the film and low quality g-C3N4 film fabricated. Herein, a novel film fabrication method has been developed to prepare dense, uniform and highly crystallized g-C3N4 films as a photoanode with a controllable thickness. Comparing with g-C3N4 films prepared by other methods, the relationship between crystallinity, deep trap states and PEC performance of g-C3N4 photoelectrodes was investigated. I found that longer-lived charge carriers were present in more poorly crystalline samples, due to more deeply trapped states, which inversely correlated with photoelectrochemical performance. The electron diffusion length in such a crystalline g-C3N4 film was determined to be ca. 1000 nm, which is the first report for this promising photoelectrode. Although g-C3N4 has a long electron diffusion length, its PEC performance was still minimal due to the low charge carrier density and severe charge recombination. A novel one-step construction approach has then been developed to solve this problem, by synthesising a nanojunction metal-free photoanode, composed of B-doped g-C3N4 nanolayer on the surface and bulk carbon nitride. This type of nanojunction overcame a few intrinsic drawbacks of g-C3N4 film, e.g. severe charge recombination and slow charge transfer. For the optimum sample, the top layer of the nanojunction has a depth of ca. 100 nm and the bottom layer is ca. 900 nm. This nanojunction photoanode resulted into a 10 fold higher photocurrent than bulk g-C3N4 photoanode with a record photocurrent density of 103.2 μA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs RHE under one sun condition and a high incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) of ca. 10% at 400 nm. The EIS, MS and IMPS spectroscopies proved such enhancement was mainly due to more than 10 times faster charge transfer rate at electrode/electrolyte interface and nearly 3 times higher conductivity due to the nanojunction structure. Based on the progress in g-C3N4 photoanode, a more challenging topic was explored which is to change g-C3N4 semiconductor from a photoanode to a photocathode. Developing g-C3N4 photocathode is of great importance because its negative conduction band position is favorable for water reduction, which has been widely proved in a suspension system. However, the intrinsic property of the g-C3N4 film as an n-type semiconductor limits hydrogen generation at the electrode/electrolyte interface as n-type semiconductors exhibit upward band bending and holes accumulate on the surface. In this thesis, it is demonstrated that surface trap states could effectively contribute to the photocathodic performance of a g-C3N4 film. Introducing nitrogen defects and C-OH terminal groups in the structure of g-C3N4 created a large portion of shallow trap states with 1000 times extended lifetime that could trap electrons for the water reduction reaction. This was further validated by hot H2O2 treatment that could transfer the g-C3N4 photoanode to a photocathode, confirming that shallow trap states are the critical reason for synthesising a photocathode from an n-type polymer semiconductor. Overall this thesis provides an effective strategy for g-C3N4 polymer to be efficient photoanode and photocathode, forming strong basis for its application in solar to H2 fuel production.
Published: 2020

4. Breast cancer cell-secreted miR-199b-5p hijacks neurometabolic coupling to promote brain metastasis

Author: Ruan, Xianhui, Ruan, Xianhui, Yan, Wei, Cao, Minghui, Daza, Ray Anthony M, Fong, Miranda Y, Yang, Kaifu, Wu, Jun, Liu, Xuxiang, Palomares, Melanie, Wu, Xiwei, Li, Arthur, Chen, Yuan, Jandial, Rahul, Spitzer, Nicholas C, Hevner, Robert F, Wang, Shizhen Emily, Ruan, Xianhui, Ruan, Xianhui, Yan, Wei, Cao, Minghui, Daza, Ray Anthony M, Fong, Miranda Y, Yang, Kaifu, Wu, Jun, Liu, Xuxiang, Palomares, Melanie, Wu, Xiwei, Li, Arthur, Chen, Yuan, Jandial, Rahul, Spitzer, Nicholas C, Hevner, Robert F, and Wang, Shizhen Emily
Abstract: Breast cancer metastasis to the brain is a clinical challenge rising in prevalence. However, the underlying mechanisms, especially how cancer cells adapt a distant brain niche to facilitate colonization, remain poorly understood. A unique metabolic feature of the brain is the coupling between neurons and astrocytes through glutamate, glutamine, and lactate. Here we show that extracellular vesicles from breast cancer cells with a high potential to develop brain metastases carry high levels of miR-199b-5p, which shows higher levels in the blood of breast cancer patients with brain metastases comparing to those with metastatic cancer in other organs. miR-199b-5p targets solute carrier transporters (SLC1A2/EAAT2 in astrocytes and SLC38A2/SNAT2 and SLC16A7/MCT2 in neurons) to hijack the neuron-astrocyte metabolic coupling, leading to extracellular retention of these metabolites and promoting cancer cell growth. Our findings reveal a mechanism through which cancer cells of a non-brain origin reprogram neural metabolism to fuel brain metastases.
Published: 2024

5. Real-time monitoring for the next core-collapse supernova in JUNO

Author: Abusleme, A, Adam, T, Ahmad, S, Ahmed, R, Aiello, S, Akram, M, Aleem, A, An, F, An, Q, Andronico, G, Anfimov, N, Antonelli, V, Antoshkina, T, Asavapibhop, B, de André, J, Auguste, D, Bai, W, Balashov, N, Baldini, W, Barresi, A, Basilico, D, Baussan, E, Bellato, M, Beretta, M, Bergnoli, A, Bick, D, Bieger, L, Biktemerova, S, Birkenfeld, T, Morton-Blake, I, Blum, D, Blyth, S, Bolshakova, A, Bongrand, M, Bordereau, C, Breton, D, Brigatti, A, Brugnera, R, Bruno, R, Budano, A, Busto, J, Cabrera, A, Caccianiga, B, Cai, H, Cai, X, Cai, Y, Cai, Z, Callier, S, Cammi, A, Campeny, A, Cao, C, Cao, G, Cao, J, Caruso, R, Cerna, C, Cerrone, V, Chan, C, Chang, J, Chang, Y, Chatrabhuti, A, Chen, C, Chen, G, Chen, P, Chen, S, Chen, Y, Chen, Z, Cheng, J, Cheng, Y, Chepurnov, A, Chetverikov, A, Chiesa, D, Chimenti, P, Chin, Y, Chu, Z, Chukanov, A, Claverie, G, Clementi, C, Clerbaux, B, Molla, M, Lorenzo, S, Coppi, A, Corti, D, Csakli, S, Corso, F, Dalager, O, Datta, J, Taille, C, Deng, Z, Ding, X, Ding, Y, Dirgantara, B, Dittrich, C, Dmitrievsky, S, Dohnal, T, Dolzhikov, D, Donchenko, G, Dong, J, Doroshkevich, E, Dou, W, Dracos, M, Druillole, F, Du, R, Du, S, Dugas, K, Dusini, S, Duyang, H, Eck, J, Enqvist, T, Fabbri, A, Fahrendholz, U, Fan, L, Fang, J, Fang, W, Fargetta, M, Fedoseev, D, Fei, Z, Feng, L, Feng, Q, Ferraro, F, Fournier, A, Gan, H, Gao, F, Garfagnini, A, Gavrikov, A, Giammarchi, M, Giudice, N, Gonchar, M, Gong, G, Gong, H, Gornushkin, Y, Göttel, A, Grassi, M, Gromov, M, Gromov, V, Gu, M, Gu, X, Gu, Y, Guan, M, Guan, Y, Guardone, N, Guo, C, Guo, W, Guo, X, Hagner, C, Han, R, Han, Y, He, M, He, W, Heinz, T, Hellmuth, P, Heng, Y, Herrera, R, Hor, Y, Hou, S, Hsiung, Y, Hu, B, Hu, H, Hu, J, Hu, S, Hu, T, Hu, Y, Hu, Z, Huang, G, Huang, H, Huang, J, Huang, K, Huang, W, Huang, X, Huang, Y, Hui, J, Huo, L, Huo, W, Huss, C, Hussain, S, Imbert, L, Ioannisian, A, Isocrate, R, Jafar, A, Jelmini, B, Jeria, I, Ji, X, Jia, H, Jia, J, Jian, S, Jiang, C, Jiang, D, Jiang, W, Jiang, X, Jing, X, Jollet, C, Kampmann, P, Kang, L, Karaparambil, R, Kazarian, N, Khan, A, Khatun, A, Khosonthongkee, K, Korablev, D, Kouzakov, K, Krasnoperov, A, Kuleshov, S, Kutovskiy, N, Labit, L, Lachenmaier, T, Landini, C, Leblanc, S, Lebrin, V, Lefevre, F, Lei, R, Leitner, R, Leung, J, Li, D, Li, F, Li, G, Li, H, Li, J, Li, M, Li, N, Li, Q, Li, R, Li, S, Li, T, Li, W, Li, X, Li, Y, Li, Z, Liang, H, Liao, J, Limphirat, A, Lin, G, Lin, S, Lin, T, Ling, J, Ling, X, Lippi, I, Liu, C, Liu, F, Liu, H, Liu, J, Liu, M, Liu, Q, Liu, R, Liu, S, Liu, X, Liu, Y, Liu, Z, Lokhov, A, Lombardi, P, Lombardo, C, Loo, K, Lu, C, Lu, H, Lu, J, Lu, P, Lu, S, Lu, X, Lubsandorzhiev, B, Lubsandorzhiev, S, Ludhova, L, Lukanov, A, Luo, D, Luo, F, Luo, G, Luo, J, Luo, S, Luo, W, Luo, X, Lyashuk, V, Ma, B, Ma, Q, Ma, S, Ma, X, Maalmi, J, Magoni, M, Mai, J, Malyshkin, Y, Mandujano, R, Mantovani, F, Mao, X, Mao, Y, Mari, S, Marini, F, Martini, A, Mayer, M, Mayilyan, D, Mednieks, I, Meng, Y, Meraviglia, A, Meregaglia, A, Meroni, E, Meyhöfer, D, Miramonti, L, Mohan, N, Montuschi, M, Müller, A, Nastasi, M, Naumov, D, Naumova, E, Navas-Nicolas, D, Nemchenok, I, Thi, M, Nikolaev, A, Ning, F, Ning, Z, Nunokawa, H, Oberauer, L, Ochoa-Ricoux, J, Olshevskiy, A, Orestano, D, Ortica, F, Othegraven, R, Paoloni, A, Parmeggiano, S, Pei, Y, Pelicci, L, Peng, A, Peng, H, Peng, Y, Peng, Z, Perrot, F, Petitjean, P, Petrucci, F, Pilarczyk, O, Rico, L, Popov, A, Poussot, P, Previtali, E, Qi, F, Qi, M, Qi, X, Qian, S, Qian, X, Qian, Z, Qiao, H, Qin, Z, Qiu, S, Qu, M, Qu, Z, Ranucci, G, Rasheed, R, Re, A, Rebii, A, Redchuk, M, Ren, B, Ren, J, Ricci, B, Rientong, K, Rifai, M, Roche, M, Rodphai, N, Romani, A, Roskovec, B, Ruan, X, Rybnikov, A, Sadovsky, A, Saggese, P, Sandanayake, D, Sangka, A, Sava, G, Sawangwit, U, Schever, M, Schwab, C, Schweizer, K, Selyunin, A, Serafini, A, Settimo, M, Sharov, V, Shaydurova, A, Shi, J, Shi, Y, Shutov, V, Sidorenkov, A, Šimkovic, F, Singhal, A, Sirignano, C, Siripak, J, Sisti, M, Smirnov, M, Smirnov, O, Sogo-Bezerra, T, Sokolov, S, Songwadhana, J, Soonthornthum, B, Sotnikov, A, Šrámek, O, Sreethawong, W, Stahl, A, Stanco, L, Stankevich, K, Steiger, H, Steinmann, J, Sterr, T, Stock, M, Strati, V, Studenikin, A, Su, A, Su, J, Sun, S, Sun, X, Sun, Y, Sun, Z, Suwonjandee, N, Szelezniak, M, Takenaka, A, Tang, J, Tang, Q, Tang, X, Hariharan, V, Theisen, E, Tietzsch, A, Tkachev, I, Tmej, T, Torri, M, Tortorici, F, Treskov, K, Triossi, A, Triozzi, R, Trzaska, W, Tung, Y, Tuve, C, Ushakov, N, Vedin, V, Venettacci, C, Verde, G, Vialkov, M, Viaud, B, Vollbrecht, C, von Sturm, K, Vorobel, V, Voronin, D, Votano, L, Walker, P, Wang, C, Wang, E, Wang, G, Wang, J, Wang, L, Wang, M, Wang, R, Wang, S, Wang, W, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Watcharangkool, A, Wei, W, Wei, Y, Wen, K, Wen, L, Weng, J, Wiebusch, C, Wirth, R, Wonsak, B, Wu, D, Wu, Q, Wu, Y, Wu, Z, Wurm, M, Wurtz, J, Wysotzki, C, Xi, Y, Xia, D, Xiao, F, Xiao, X, Xie, X, Xie, Y, Xie, Z, Xin, Z, Xing, Z, Xu, B, Xu, C, Xu, D, Xu, F, Xu, H, Xu, J, Xu, M, Xu, X, Xu, Y, Yan, B, Yan, Q, Yan, T, Yan, X, Yan, Y, Yang, C, Yang, J, Yang, L, Yang, X, Yang, Y, Yao, H, Ye, J, Ye, M, Ye, Z, Yermia, F, You, Z, Yu, B, Yu, C, Yu, G, Yu, H, Yu, M, Yu, X, Yu, Z, Yuan, C, Yuan, Y, Yuan, Z, Yue, B, Zafar, N, Zavadskyi, V, Zeng, F, Zeng, S, Zeng, T, Zeng, Y, Zhan, L, Zhang, A, Zhang, B, Zhang, F, Zhang, H, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zhang, M, Zhang, P, Zhang, Q, Zhang, S, Zhang, T, Zhang, X, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z, Zhao, J, Zhao, R, Zhao, S, Zheng, D, Zheng, H, Zheng, Y, Zhong, W, Zhou, J, Zhou, L, Zhou, N, Zhou, S, Zhou, T, Zhou, X, Zhu, J, Zhu, K, Zhu, Z, Zhuang, B, Zhuang, H, Zong, L, Zou, J, Züfle, J, Null, N, Abusleme, Angel, Adam, Thomas, Ahmad, Shakeel, Ahmed, Rizwan, Aiello, Sebastiano, Akram, Muhammad, Aleem, Abid, An, Fengpeng, An, Qi, Andronico, Giuseppe, Anfimov, Nikolay, Antonelli, Vito, Antoshkina, Tatiana, Asavapibhop, Burin, de André, João Pedro Athayde Marcondes, Auguste, Didier, Bai, Weidong, Balashov, Nikita, Baldini, Wander, Barresi, Andrea, Basilico, Davide, Baussan, Eric, Bellato, Marco, Beretta, Marco, Bergnoli, Antonio, Bick, Daniel, Bieger, Lukas, Biktemerova, Svetlana, Birkenfeld, Thilo, Morton-Blake, Iwan, Blum, David, Blyth, Simon, Bolshakova, Anastasia, Bongrand, Mathieu, Bordereau, Clément, Breton, Dominique, Brigatti, Augusto, Brugnera, Riccardo, Bruno, Riccardo, Budano, Antonio, Busto, Jose, Cabrera, Anatael, Caccianiga, Barbara, Cai, Hao, Cai, Xiao, Cai, Yanke, Cai, Zhiyan, Callier, Stéphane, Cammi, Antonio, Campeny, Agustin, Cao, Chuanya, Cao, Guofu, Cao, Jun, Caruso, Rossella, Cerna, Cédric, Cerrone, Vanessa, Chan, Chi, Chang, Jinfan, Chang, Yun, Chatrabhuti, Auttakit, Chen, Chao, Chen, Guoming, Chen, Pingping, Chen, Shaomin, Chen, Yixue, Chen, Yu, Chen, Zhangming, Chen, Zhiyuan, Chen, Zikang, Cheng, Jie, Cheng, Yaping, Cheng, Yu Chin, Chepurnov, Alexander, Chetverikov, Alexey, Chiesa, Davide, Chimenti, Pietro, Chin, Yen-Ting, Chu, Ziliang, Chukanov, Artem, Claverie, Gérard, Clementi, Catia, Clerbaux, Barbara, Molla, Marta Colomer, Lorenzo, Selma Conforti Di, Coppi, Alberto, Corti, Daniele, Csakli, Simon, Corso, Flavio Dal, Dalager, Olivia, Datta, Jaydeep, Taille, Christophe De La, Deng, Zhi, Deng, Ziyan, Ding, Xiaoyu, Ding, Xuefeng, Ding, Yayun, Dirgantara, Bayu, Dittrich, Carsten, Dmitrievsky, Sergey, Dohnal, Tadeas, Dolzhikov, Dmitry, Donchenko, Georgy, Dong, Jianmeng, Doroshkevich, Evgeny, Dou, Wei, Dracos, Marcos, Druillole, Frédéric, Du, Ran, Du, Shuxian, Dugas, Katherine, Dusini, Stefano, Duyang, Hongyue, Eck, Jessica, Enqvist, Timo, Fabbri, Andrea, Fahrendholz, Ulrike, Fan, Lei, Fang, Jian, Fang, Wenxing, Fargetta, Marco, Fedoseev, Dmitry, Fei, Zhengyong, Feng, Li-Cheng, Feng, Qichun, Ferraro, Federico, Fournier, Amélie, Gan, Haonan, Gao, Feng, Garfagnini, Alberto, Gavrikov, Arsenii, Giammarchi, Marco, Giudice, Nunzio, Gonchar, Maxim, Gong, Guanghua, Gong, Hui, Gornushkin, Yuri, Göttel, Alexandre, Grassi, Marco, Gromov, Maxim, Gromov, Vasily, Gu, Minghao, Gu, Xiaofei, Gu, Yu, Guan, Mengyun, Guan, Yuduo, Guardone, Nunzio, Guo, Cong, Guo, Wanlei, Guo, Xinheng, Hagner, Caren, Han, Ran, Han, Yang, He, Miao, He, Wei, Heinz, Tobias, Hellmuth, Patrick, Heng, Yuekun, Herrera, Rafael, Hor, YuenKeung, Hou, Shaojing, Hsiung, Yee, Hu, Bei-Zhen, Hu, Hang, Hu, Jianrun, Hu, Jun, Hu, Shouyang, Hu, Tao, Hu, Yuxiang, Hu, Zhuojun, Huang, Guihong, Huang, Hanxiong, Huang, Jinhao, Huang, Junting, Huang, Kaixuan, Huang, Wenhao, Huang, Xin, Huang, Xingtao, Huang, Yongbo, Hui, Jiaqi, Huo, Lei, Huo, Wenju, Huss, Cédric, Hussain, Safeer, Imbert, Leonard, Ioannisian, Ara, Isocrate, Roberto, Jafar, Arshak, Jelmini, Beatrice, Jeria, Ignacio, Ji, Xiaolu, Jia, Huihui, Jia, Junji, Jian, Siyu, Jiang, Cailian, Jiang, Di, Jiang, Wei, Jiang, Xiaoshan, Jing, Xiaoping, Jollet, Cécile, Kampmann, Philipp, Kang, Li, Karaparambil, Rebin, Kazarian, Narine, Khan, Ali, Khatun, Amina, Khosonthongkee, Khanchai, Korablev, Denis, Kouzakov, Konstantin, Krasnoperov, Alexey, Kuleshov, Sergey, Kutovskiy, Nikolay, Labit, Loïc, Lachenmaier, Tobias, Landini, Cecilia, Leblanc, Sébastien, Lebrin, Victor, Lefevre, Frederic, Lei, Ruiting, Leitner, Rupert, Leung, Jason, Li, Demin, Li, Fei, Li, Fule, Li, Gaosong, Li, Huiling, Li, Jiajun, Li, Mengzhao, Li, Min, Li, Nan, Li, Qingjiang, Li, Ruhui, Li, Rui, Li, Shanfeng, Li, Tao, Li, Teng, Li, Weidong, Li, Weiguo, Li, Xiaomei, Li, Xiaonan, Li, Xinglong, Li, Yi, Li, Yichen, Li, Yufeng, Li, Zhaohan, Li, Zhibing, Li, Ziyuan, Li, Zonghai, Liang, Hao, Liao, Jiajun, Limphirat, Ayut, Lin, Guey-Lin, Lin, Shengxin, Lin, Tao, Ling, Jiajie, Ling, Xin, Lippi, Ivano, Liu, Caimei, Liu, Fang, Liu, Fengcheng, Liu, Haidong, Liu, Haotian, Liu, Hongbang, Liu, Hongjuan, Liu, Hongtao, Liu, Hui, Liu, Jianglai, Liu, Jiaxi, Liu, Jinchang, Liu, Min, Liu, Qian, Liu, Qin, Liu, Runxuan, Liu, Shenghui, Liu, Shubin, Liu, Shulin, Liu, Xiaowei, Liu, Xiwen, Liu, Xuewei, Liu, Yankai, Liu, Zhen, Lokhov, Alexey, Lombardi, Paolo, Lombardo, Claudio, Loo, Kai, Lu, Chuan, Lu, Haoqi, Lu, Jingbin, Lu, Junguang, Lu, Peizhi, Lu, Shuxiang, Lu, Xianguo, Lubsandorzhiev, Bayarto, Lubsandorzhiev, Sultim, Ludhova, Livia, Lukanov, Arslan, Luo, Daibin, Luo, Fengjiao, Luo, Guang, Luo, Jianyi, Luo, Shu, Luo, Wuming, Luo, Xiaojie, Lyashuk, Vladimir, Ma, Bangzheng, Ma, Bing, Ma, Qiumei, Ma, Si, Ma, Xiaoyan, Ma, Xubo, Maalmi, Jihane, Magoni, Marco, Mai, Jingyu, Malyshkin, Yury, Mandujano, Roberto Carlos, Mantovani, Fabio, Mao, Xin, Mao, Yajun, Mari, Stefano M., Marini, Filippo, Martini, Agnese, Mayer, Matthias, Mayilyan, Davit, Mednieks, Ints, Meng, Yue, Meraviglia, Anita, Meregaglia, Anselmo, Meroni, Emanuela, Meyhöfer, David, Miramonti, Lino, Mohan, Nikhil, Montuschi, Michele, Müller, Axel, Nastasi, Massimiliano, Naumov, Dmitry V., Naumova, Elena, Navas-Nicolas, Diana, Nemchenok, Igor, Thi, Minh Thuan Nguyen, Nikolaev, Alexey, Ning, Feipeng, Ning, Zhe, Nunokawa, Hiroshi, Oberauer, Lothar, Ochoa-Ricoux, Juan Pedro, Olshevskiy, Alexander, Orestano, Domizia, Ortica, Fausto, Othegraven, Rainer, Paoloni, Alessandro, Parmeggiano, Sergio, Pei, Yatian, Pelicci, Luca, Peng, Anguo, Peng, Haiping, Peng, Yu, Peng, Zhaoyuan, Perrot, Frédéric, Petitjean, Pierre-Alexandre, Petrucci, Fabrizio, Pilarczyk, Oliver, Rico, Luis Felipe Piñeres, Popov, Artyom, Poussot, Pascal, Previtali, Ezio, Qi, Fazhi, Qi, Ming, Qi, Xiaohui, Qian, Sen, Qian, Xiaohui, Qian, Zhen, Qiao, Hao, Qin, Zhonghua, Qiu, Shoukang, Qu, Manhao, Qu, Zhenning, Ranucci, Gioacchino, Rasheed, Reem, Re, Alessandra, Rebii, Abdel, Redchuk, Mariia, Ren, Bin, Ren, Jie, Ricci, Barbara, Rientong, Komkrit, Rifai, Mariam, Roche, Mathieu, Rodphai, Narongkiat, Romani, Aldo, Roskovec, Bedřich, Ruan, Xichao, Rybnikov, Arseniy, Sadovsky, Andrey, Saggese, Paolo, Sandanayake, Deshan, Sangka, Anut, Sava, Giuseppe, Sawangwit, Utane, Schever, Michaela, Schwab, Cédric, Schweizer, Konstantin, Selyunin, Alexandr, Serafini, Andrea, Settimo, Mariangela, Sharov, Vladislav, Shaydurova, Arina, Shi, Jingyan, Shi, Yanan, Shutov, Vitaly, Sidorenkov, Andrey, Šimkovic, Fedor, Singhal, Apeksha, Sirignano, Chiara, Siripak, Jaruchit, Sisti, Monica, Smirnov, Mikhail, Smirnov, Oleg, Sogo-Bezerra, Thiago, Sokolov, Sergey, Songwadhana, Julanan, Soonthornthum, Boonrucksar, Sotnikov, Albert, Šrámek, Ondřej, Sreethawong, Warintorn, Stahl, Achim, Stanco, Luca, Stankevich, Konstantin, Steiger, Hans, Steinmann, Jochen, Sterr, Tobias, Stock, Matthias Raphael, Strati, Virginia, Studenikin, Alexander, Su, Aoqi, Su, Jun, Sun, Shifeng, Sun, Xilei, Sun, Yongjie, Sun, Yongzhao, Sun, Zhengyang, Suwonjandee, Narumon, Szelezniak, Michal, Takenaka, Akira, Tang, Jian, Tang, Qiang, Tang, Quan, Tang, Xiao, Hariharan, Vidhya Thara, Theisen, Eric, Tietzsch, Alexander, Tkachev, Igor, Tmej, Tomas, Torri, Marco Danilo Claudio, Tortorici, Francesco, Treskov, Konstantin, Triossi, Andrea, Triozzi, Riccardo, Trzaska, Wladyslaw, Tung, Yu-Chen, Tuve, Cristina, Ushakov, Nikita, Vedin, Vadim, Venettacci, Carlo, Verde, Giuseppe, Vialkov, Maxim, Viaud, Benoit, Vollbrecht, Cornelius Moritz, von Sturm, Katharina, Vorobel, Vit, Voronin, Dmitriy, Votano, Lucia, Walker, Pablo, Wang, Caishen, Wang, Chung-Hsiang, Wang, En, Wang, Guoli, Wang, Jian, Wang, Jun, Wang, Li, Wang, Lu, Wang, Meng, Wang, Ruiguang, Wang, Siguang, Wang, Wei, Wang, Wenshuai, Wang, Xi, Wang, Xiangyue, Wang, Yangfu, Wang, Yaoguang, Wang, Yi, Wang, Yifang, Wang, Yuanqing, Wang, Yuyi, Wang, Zhe, Wang, Zheng, Wang, Zhimin, Watcharangkool, Apimook, Wei, Wei, Wei, Wenlu, Wei, Yadong, Wei, Yuehuan, Wen, Kaile, Wen, Liangjian, Weng, Jun, Wiebusch, Christopher, Wirth, Rosmarie, Wonsak, Bjoern, Wu, Diru, Wu, Qun, Wu, Yiyang, Wu, Zhi, Wurm, Michael, Wurtz, Jacques, Wysotzki, Christian, Xi, Yufei, Xia, Dongmei, Xiao, Fei, Xiao, Xiang, Xie, Xiaochuan, Xie, Yuguang, Xie, Zhangquan, Xin, Zhao, Xing, Zhizhong, Xu, Benda, Xu, Cheng, Xu, Donglian, Xu, Fanrong, Xu, Hangkun, Xu, Jilei, Xu, Jing, Xu, Meihang, Xu, Xunjie, Xu, Yin, Xu, Yu, Yan, Baojun, Yan, Qiyu, Yan, Taylor, Yan, Xiongbo, Yan, Yupeng, Yang, Changgen, Yang, Chengfeng, Yang, Jie, Yang, Lei, Yang, Xiaoyu, Yang, Yifan, Yao, Haifeng, Ye, Jiaxuan, Ye, Mei, Ye, Ziping, Yermia, Frédéric, You, Zhengyun, Yu, Boxiang, Yu, Chiye, Yu, Chunxu, Yu, Guojun, Yu, Hongzhao, Yu, Miao, Yu, Xianghui, Yu, Zeyuan, Yu, Zezhong, Yuan, Cenxi, Yuan, Chengzhuo, Yuan, Ying, Yuan, Zhenxiong, Yue, Baobiao, Zafar, Noman, Zavadskyi, Vitalii, Zeng, Fanrui, Zeng, Shan, Zeng, Tingxuan, Zeng, Yuda, Zhan, Liang, Zhang, Aiqiang, Zhang, Bin, Zhang, Binting, Zhang, Feiyang, Zhang, Haosen, Zhang, Honghao, Zhang, Jialiang, Zhang, Jiawen, Zhang, Jie, Zhang, Jingbo, Zhang, Jinnan, ZHANG, Lei, Zhang, Mohan, Zhang, Peng, Zhang, Ping, Zhang, Qingmin, Zhang, Shiqi, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Shuihan, Zhang, Siyuan, Zhang, Tao, Zhang, Xiaomei, Zhang, Xin, Zhang, Xuantong, Zhang, Yinhong, Zhang, Yiyu, Zhang, Yongpeng, Zhang, Yu, Zhang, Yuanyuan, Zhang, Yumei, Zhang, Zhenyu, Zhang, Zhijian, Zhao, Jie, Zhao, Rong, Zhao, Runze, Zhao, Shujun, Zheng, Dongqin, Zheng, Hua, Zheng, Yangheng, Zhong, Weirong, Zhou, Jing, Zhou, Li, Zhou, Nan, Zhou, Shun, Zhou, Tong, Zhou, Xiang, Zhu, Jingsen, Zhu, Kangfu, Zhu, Kejun, Zhu, Zhihang, Zhuang, Bo, Zhuang, Honglin, Zong, Liang, Zou, Jiaheng, Züfle, Jan, null, null, Abusleme, A, Adam, T, Ahmad, S, Ahmed, R, Aiello, S, Akram, M, Aleem, A, An, F, An, Q, Andronico, G, Anfimov, N, Antonelli, V, Antoshkina, T, Asavapibhop, B, de André, J, Auguste, D, Bai, W, Balashov, N, Baldini, W, Barresi, A, Basilico, D, Baussan, E, Bellato, M, Beretta, M, Bergnoli, A, Bick, D, Bieger, L, Biktemerova, S, Birkenfeld, T, Morton-Blake, I, Blum, D, Blyth, S, Bolshakova, A, Bongrand, M, Bordereau, C, Breton, D, Brigatti, A, Brugnera, R, Bruno, R, Budano, A, Busto, J, Cabrera, A, Caccianiga, B, Cai, H, Cai, X, Cai, Y, Cai, Z, Callier, S, Cammi, A, Campeny, A, Cao, C, Cao, G, Cao, J, Caruso, R, Cerna, C, Cerrone, V, Chan, C, Chang, J, Chang, Y, Chatrabhuti, A, Chen, C, Chen, G, Chen, P, Chen, S, Chen, Y, Chen, Z, Cheng, J, Cheng, Y, Chepurnov, A, Chetverikov, A, Chiesa, D, Chimenti, P, Chin, Y, Chu, Z, Chukanov, A, Claverie, G, Clementi, C, Clerbaux, B, Molla, M, Lorenzo, S, Coppi, A, Corti, D, Csakli, S, Corso, F, Dalager, O, Datta, J, Taille, C, Deng, Z, Ding, X, Ding, Y, Dirgantara, B, Dittrich, C, Dmitrievsky, S, Dohnal, T, Dolzhikov, D, Donchenko, G, Dong, J, Doroshkevich, E, Dou, W, Dracos, M, Druillole, F, Du, R, Du, S, Dugas, K, Dusini, S, Duyang, H, Eck, J, Enqvist, T, Fabbri, A, Fahrendholz, U, Fan, L, Fang, J, Fang, W, Fargetta, M, Fedoseev, D, Fei, Z, Feng, L, Feng, Q, Ferraro, F, Fournier, A, Gan, H, Gao, F, Garfagnini, A, Gavrikov, A, Giammarchi, M, Giudice, N, Gonchar, M, Gong, G, Gong, H, Gornushkin, Y, Göttel, A, Grassi, M, Gromov, M, Gromov, V, Gu, M, Gu, X, Gu, Y, Guan, M, Guan, Y, Guardone, N, Guo, C, Guo, W, Guo, X, Hagner, C, Han, R, Han, Y, He, M, He, W, Heinz, T, Hellmuth, P, Heng, Y, Herrera, R, Hor, Y, Hou, S, Hsiung, Y, Hu, B, Hu, H, Hu, J, Hu, S, Hu, T, Hu, Y, Hu, Z, Huang, G, Huang, H, Huang, J, Huang, K, Huang, W, Huang, X, Huang, Y, Hui, J, Huo, L, Huo, W, Huss, C, Hussain, S, Imbert, L, Ioannisian, A, Isocrate, R, Jafar, A, Jelmini, B, Jeria, I, Ji, X, Jia, H, Jia, J, Jian, S, Jiang, C, Jiang, D, Jiang, W, Jiang, X, Jing, X, Jollet, C, Kampmann, P, Kang, L, Karaparambil, R, Kazarian, N, Khan, A, Khatun, A, Khosonthongkee, K, Korablev, D, Kouzakov, K, Krasnoperov, A, Kuleshov, S, Kutovskiy, N, Labit, L, Lachenmaier, T, Landini, C, Leblanc, S, Lebrin, V, Lefevre, F, Lei, R, Leitner, R, Leung, J, Li, D, Li, F, Li, G, Li, H, Li, J, Li, M, Li, N, Li, Q, Li, R, Li, S, Li, T, Li, W, Li, X, Li, Y, Li, Z, Liang, H, Liao, J, Limphirat, A, Lin, G, Lin, S, Lin, T, Ling, J, Ling, X, Lippi, I, Liu, C, Liu, F, Liu, H, Liu, J, Liu, M, Liu, Q, Liu, R, Liu, S, Liu, X, Liu, Y, Liu, Z, Lokhov, A, Lombardi, P, Lombardo, C, Loo, K, Lu, C, Lu, H, Lu, J, Lu, P, Lu, S, Lu, X, Lubsandorzhiev, B, Lubsandorzhiev, S, Ludhova, L, Lukanov, A, Luo, D, Luo, F, Luo, G, Luo, J, Luo, S, Luo, W, Luo, X, Lyashuk, V, Ma, B, Ma, Q, Ma, S, Ma, X, Maalmi, J, Magoni, M, Mai, J, Malyshkin, Y, Mandujano, R, Mantovani, F, Mao, X, Mao, Y, Mari, S, Marini, F, Martini, A, Mayer, M, Mayilyan, D, Mednieks, I, Meng, Y, Meraviglia, A, Meregaglia, A, Meroni, E, Meyhöfer, D, Miramonti, L, Mohan, N, Montuschi, M, Müller, A, Nastasi, M, Naumov, D, Naumova, E, Navas-Nicolas, D, Nemchenok, I, Thi, M, Nikolaev, A, Ning, F, Ning, Z, Nunokawa, H, Oberauer, L, Ochoa-Ricoux, J, Olshevskiy, A, Orestano, D, Ortica, F, Othegraven, R, Paoloni, A, Parmeggiano, S, Pei, Y, Pelicci, L, Peng, A, Peng, H, Peng, Y, Peng, Z, Perrot, F, Petitjean, P, Petrucci, F, Pilarczyk, O, Rico, L, Popov, A, Poussot, P, Previtali, E, Qi, F, Qi, M, Qi, X, Qian, S, Qian, X, Qian, Z, Qiao, H, Qin, Z, Qiu, S, Qu, M, Qu, Z, Ranucci, G, Rasheed, R, Re, A, Rebii, A, Redchuk, M, Ren, B, Ren, J, Ricci, B, Rientong, K, Rifai, M, Roche, M, Rodphai, N, Romani, A, Roskovec, B, Ruan, X, Rybnikov, A, Sadovsky, A, Saggese, P, Sandanayake, D, Sangka, A, Sava, G, Sawangwit, U, Schever, M, Schwab, C, Schweizer, K, Selyunin, A, Serafini, A, Settimo, M, Sharov, V, Shaydurova, A, Shi, J, Shi, Y, Shutov, V, Sidorenkov, A, Šimkovic, F, Singhal, A, Sirignano, C, Siripak, J, Sisti, M, Smirnov, M, Smirnov, O, Sogo-Bezerra, T, Sokolov, S, Songwadhana, J, Soonthornthum, B, Sotnikov, A, Šrámek, O, Sreethawong, W, Stahl, A, Stanco, L, Stankevich, K, Steiger, H, Steinmann, J, Sterr, T, Stock, M, Strati, V, Studenikin, A, Su, A, Su, J, Sun, S, Sun, X, Sun, Y, Sun, Z, Suwonjandee, N, Szelezniak, M, Takenaka, A, Tang, J, Tang, Q, Tang, X, Hariharan, V, Theisen, E, Tietzsch, A, Tkachev, I, Tmej, T, Torri, M, Tortorici, F, Treskov, K, Triossi, A, Triozzi, R, Trzaska, W, Tung, Y, Tuve, C, Ushakov, N, Vedin, V, Venettacci, C, Verde, G, Vialkov, M, Viaud, B, Vollbrecht, C, von Sturm, K, Vorobel, V, Voronin, D, Votano, L, Walker, P, Wang, C, Wang, E, Wang, G, Wang, J, Wang, L, Wang, M, Wang, R, Wang, S, Wang, W, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Watcharangkool, A, Wei, W, Wei, Y, Wen, K, Wen, L, Weng, J, Wiebusch, C, Wirth, R, Wonsak, B, Wu, D, Wu, Q, Wu, Y, Wu, Z, Wurm, M, Wurtz, J, Wysotzki, C, Xi, Y, Xia, D, Xiao, F, Xiao, X, Xie, X, Xie, Y, Xie, Z, Xin, Z, Xing, Z, Xu, B, Xu, C, Xu, D, Xu, F, Xu, H, Xu, J, Xu, M, Xu, X, Xu, Y, Yan, B, Yan, Q, Yan, T, Yan, X, Yan, Y, Yang, C, Yang, J, Yang, L, Yang, X, Yang, Y, Yao, H, Ye, J, Ye, M, Ye, Z, Yermia, F, You, Z, Yu, B, Yu, C, Yu, G, Yu, H, Yu, M, Yu, X, Yu, Z, Yuan, C, Yuan, Y, Yuan, Z, Yue, B, Zafar, N, Zavadskyi, V, Zeng, F, Zeng, S, Zeng, T, Zeng, Y, Zhan, L, Zhang, A, Zhang, B, Zhang, F, Zhang, H, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zhang, M, Zhang, P, Zhang, Q, Zhang, S, Zhang, T, Zhang, X, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z, Zhao, J, Zhao, R, Zhao, S, Zheng, D, Zheng, H, Zheng, Y, Zhong, W, Zhou, J, Zhou, L, Zhou, N, Zhou, S, Zhou, T, Zhou, X, Zhu, J, Zhu, K, Zhu, Z, Zhuang, B, Zhuang, H, Zong, L, Zou, J, Züfle, J, Null, N, Abusleme, Angel, Adam, Thomas, Ahmad, Shakeel, Ahmed, Rizwan, Aiello, Sebastiano, Akram, Muhammad, Aleem, Abid, An, Fengpeng, An, Qi, Andronico, Giuseppe, Anfimov, Nikolay, Antonelli, Vito, Antoshkina, Tatiana, Asavapibhop, Burin, de André, João Pedro Athayde Marcondes, Auguste, Didier, Bai, Weidong, Balashov, Nikita, Baldini, Wander, Barresi, Andrea, Basilico, Davide, Baussan, Eric, Bellato, Marco, Beretta, Marco, Bergnoli, Antonio, Bick, Daniel, Bieger, Lukas, Biktemerova, Svetlana, Birkenfeld, Thilo, Morton-Blake, Iwan, Blum, David, Blyth, Simon, Bolshakova, Anastasia, Bongrand, Mathieu, Bordereau, Clément, Breton, Dominique, Brigatti, Augusto, Brugnera, Riccardo, Bruno, Riccardo, Budano, Antonio, Busto, Jose, Cabrera, Anatael, Caccianiga, Barbara, Cai, Hao, Cai, Xiao, Cai, Yanke, Cai, Zhiyan, Callier, Stéphane, Cammi, Antonio, Campeny, Agustin, Cao, Chuanya, Cao, Guofu, Cao, Jun, Caruso, Rossella, Cerna, Cédric, Cerrone, Vanessa, Chan, Chi, Chang, Jinfan, Chang, Yun, Chatrabhuti, Auttakit, Chen, Chao, Chen, Guoming, Chen, Pingping, Chen, Shaomin, Chen, Yixue, Chen, Yu, Chen, Zhangming, Chen, Zhiyuan, Chen, Zikang, Cheng, Jie, Cheng, Yaping, Cheng, Yu Chin, Chepurnov, Alexander, Chetverikov, Alexey, Chiesa, Davide, Chimenti, Pietro, Chin, Yen-Ting, Chu, Ziliang, Chukanov, Artem, Claverie, Gérard, Clementi, Catia, Clerbaux, Barbara, Molla, Marta Colomer, Lorenzo, Selma Conforti Di, Coppi, Alberto, Corti, Daniele, Csakli, Simon, Corso, Flavio Dal, Dalager, Olivia, Datta, Jaydeep, Taille, Christophe De La, Deng, Zhi, Deng, Ziyan, Ding, Xiaoyu, Ding, Xuefeng, Ding, Yayun, Dirgantara, Bayu, Dittrich, Carsten, Dmitrievsky, Sergey, Dohnal, Tadeas, Dolzhikov, Dmitry, Donchenko, Georgy, Dong, Jianmeng, Doroshkevich, Evgeny, Dou, Wei, Dracos, Marcos, Druillole, Frédéric, Du, Ran, Du, Shuxian, Dugas, Katherine, Dusini, Stefano, Duyang, Hongyue, Eck, Jessica, Enqvist, Timo, Fabbri, Andrea, Fahrendholz, Ulrike, Fan, Lei, Fang, Jian, Fang, Wenxing, Fargetta, Marco, Fedoseev, Dmitry, Fei, Zhengyong, Feng, Li-Cheng, Feng, Qichun, Ferraro, Federico, Fournier, Amélie, Gan, Haonan, Gao, Feng, Garfagnini, Alberto, Gavrikov, Arsenii, Giammarchi, Marco, Giudice, Nunzio, Gonchar, Maxim, Gong, Guanghua, Gong, Hui, Gornushkin, Yuri, Göttel, Alexandre, Grassi, Marco, Gromov, Maxim, Gromov, Vasily, Gu, Minghao, Gu, Xiaofei, Gu, Yu, Guan, Mengyun, Guan, Yuduo, Guardone, Nunzio, Guo, Cong, Guo, Wanlei, Guo, Xinheng, Hagner, Caren, Han, Ran, Han, Yang, He, Miao, He, Wei, Heinz, Tobias, Hellmuth, Patrick, Heng, Yuekun, Herrera, Rafael, Hor, YuenKeung, Hou, Shaojing, Hsiung, Yee, Hu, Bei-Zhen, Hu, Hang, Hu, Jianrun, Hu, Jun, Hu, Shouyang, Hu, Tao, Hu, Yuxiang, Hu, Zhuojun, Huang, Guihong, Huang, Hanxiong, Huang, Jinhao, Huang, Junting, Huang, Kaixuan, Huang, Wenhao, Huang, Xin, Huang, Xingtao, Huang, Yongbo, Hui, Jiaqi, Huo, Lei, Huo, Wenju, Huss, Cédric, Hussain, Safeer, Imbert, Leonard, Ioannisian, Ara, Isocrate, Roberto, Jafar, Arshak, Jelmini, Beatrice, Jeria, Ignacio, Ji, Xiaolu, Jia, Huihui, Jia, Junji, Jian, Siyu, Jiang, Cailian, Jiang, Di, Jiang, Wei, Jiang, Xiaoshan, Jing, Xiaoping, Jollet, Cécile, Kampmann, Philipp, Kang, Li, Karaparambil, Rebin, Kazarian, Narine, Khan, Ali, Khatun, Amina, Khosonthongkee, Khanchai, Korablev, Denis, Kouzakov, Konstantin, Krasnoperov, Alexey, Kuleshov, Sergey, Kutovskiy, Nikolay, Labit, Loïc, Lachenmaier, Tobias, Landini, Cecilia, Leblanc, Sébastien, Lebrin, Victor, Lefevre, Frederic, Lei, Ruiting, Leitner, Rupert, Leung, Jason, Li, Demin, Li, Fei, Li, Fule, Li, Gaosong, Li, Huiling, Li, Jiajun, Li, Mengzhao, Li, Min, Li, Nan, Li, Qingjiang, Li, Ruhui, Li, Rui, Li, Shanfeng, Li, Tao, Li, Teng, Li, Weidong, Li, Weiguo, Li, Xiaomei, Li, Xiaonan, Li, Xinglong, Li, Yi, Li, Yichen, Li, Yufeng, Li, Zhaohan, Li, Zhibing, Li, Ziyuan, Li, Zonghai, Liang, Hao, Liao, Jiajun, Limphirat, Ayut, Lin, Guey-Lin, Lin, Shengxin, Lin, Tao, Ling, Jiajie, Ling, Xin, Lippi, Ivano, Liu, Caimei, Liu, Fang, Liu, Fengcheng, Liu, Haidong, Liu, Haotian, Liu, Hongbang, Liu, Hongjuan, Liu, Hongtao, Liu, Hui, Liu, Jianglai, Liu, Jiaxi, Liu, Jinchang, Liu, Min, Liu, Qian, Liu, Qin, Liu, Runxuan, Liu, Shenghui, Liu, Shubin, Liu, Shulin, Liu, Xiaowei, Liu, Xiwen, Liu, Xuewei, Liu, Yankai, Liu, Zhen, Lokhov, Alexey, Lombardi, Paolo, Lombardo, Claudio, Loo, Kai, Lu, Chuan, Lu, Haoqi, Lu, Jingbin, Lu, Junguang, Lu, Peizhi, Lu, Shuxiang, Lu, Xianguo, Lubsandorzhiev, Bayarto, Lubsandorzhiev, Sultim, Ludhova, Livia, Lukanov, Arslan, Luo, Daibin, Luo, Fengjiao, Luo, Guang, Luo, Jianyi, Luo, Shu, Luo, Wuming, Luo, Xiaojie, Lyashuk, Vladimir, Ma, Bangzheng, Ma, Bing, Ma, Qiumei, Ma, Si, Ma, Xiaoyan, Ma, Xubo, Maalmi, Jihane, Magoni, Marco, Mai, Jingyu, Malyshkin, Yury, Mandujano, Roberto Carlos, Mantovani, Fabio, Mao, Xin, Mao, Yajun, Mari, Stefano M., Marini, Filippo, Martini, Agnese, Mayer, Matthias, Mayilyan, Davit, Mednieks, Ints, Meng, Yue, Meraviglia, Anita, Meregaglia, Anselmo, Meroni, Emanuela, Meyhöfer, David, Miramonti, Lino, Mohan, Nikhil, Montuschi, Michele, Müller, Axel, Nastasi, Massimiliano, Naumov, Dmitry V., Naumova, Elena, Navas-Nicolas, Diana, Nemchenok, Igor, Thi, Minh Thuan Nguyen, Nikolaev, Alexey, Ning, Feipeng, Ning, Zhe, Nunokawa, Hiroshi, Oberauer, Lothar, Ochoa-Ricoux, Juan Pedro, Olshevskiy, Alexander, Orestano, Domizia, Ortica, Fausto, Othegraven, Rainer, Paoloni, Alessandro, Parmeggiano, Sergio, Pei, Yatian, Pelicci, Luca, Peng, Anguo, Peng, Haiping, Peng, Yu, Peng, Zhaoyuan, Perrot, Frédéric, Petitjean, Pierre-Alexandre, Petrucci, Fabrizio, Pilarczyk, Oliver, Rico, Luis Felipe Piñeres, Popov, Artyom, Poussot, Pascal, Previtali, Ezio, Qi, Fazhi, Qi, Ming, Qi, Xiaohui, Qian, Sen, Qian, Xiaohui, Qian, Zhen, Qiao, Hao, Qin, Zhonghua, Qiu, Shoukang, Qu, Manhao, Qu, Zhenning, Ranucci, Gioacchino, Rasheed, Reem, Re, Alessandra, Rebii, Abdel, Redchuk, Mariia, Ren, Bin, Ren, Jie, Ricci, Barbara, Rientong, Komkrit, Rifai, Mariam, Roche, Mathieu, Rodphai, Narongkiat, Romani, Aldo, Roskovec, Bedřich, Ruan, Xichao, Rybnikov, Arseniy, Sadovsky, Andrey, Saggese, Paolo, Sandanayake, Deshan, Sangka, Anut, Sava, Giuseppe, Sawangwit, Utane, Schever, Michaela, Schwab, Cédric, Schweizer, Konstantin, Selyunin, Alexandr, Serafini, Andrea, Settimo, Mariangela, Sharov, Vladislav, Shaydurova, Arina, Shi, Jingyan, Shi, Yanan, Shutov, Vitaly, Sidorenkov, Andrey, Šimkovic, Fedor, Singhal, Apeksha, Sirignano, Chiara, Siripak, Jaruchit, Sisti, Monica, Smirnov, Mikhail, Smirnov, Oleg, Sogo-Bezerra, Thiago, Sokolov, Sergey, Songwadhana, Julanan, Soonthornthum, Boonrucksar, Sotnikov, Albert, Šrámek, Ondřej, Sreethawong, Warintorn, Stahl, Achim, Stanco, Luca, Stankevich, Konstantin, Steiger, Hans, Steinmann, Jochen, Sterr, Tobias, Stock, Matthias Raphael, Strati, Virginia, Studenikin, Alexander, Su, Aoqi, Su, Jun, Sun, Shifeng, Sun, Xilei, Sun, Yongjie, Sun, Yongzhao, Sun, Zhengyang, Suwonjandee, Narumon, Szelezniak, Michal, Takenaka, Akira, Tang, Jian, Tang, Qiang, Tang, Quan, Tang, Xiao, Hariharan, Vidhya Thara, Theisen, Eric, Tietzsch, Alexander, Tkachev, Igor, Tmej, Tomas, Torri, Marco Danilo Claudio, Tortorici, Francesco, Treskov, Konstantin, Triossi, Andrea, Triozzi, Riccardo, Trzaska, Wladyslaw, Tung, Yu-Chen, Tuve, Cristina, Ushakov, Nikita, Vedin, Vadim, Venettacci, Carlo, Verde, Giuseppe, Vialkov, Maxim, Viaud, Benoit, Vollbrecht, Cornelius Moritz, von Sturm, Katharina, Vorobel, Vit, Voronin, Dmitriy, Votano, Lucia, Walker, Pablo, Wang, Caishen, Wang, Chung-Hsiang, Wang, En, Wang, Guoli, Wang, Jian, Wang, Jun, Wang, Li, Wang, Lu, Wang, Meng, Wang, Ruiguang, Wang, Siguang, Wang, Wei, Wang, Wenshuai, Wang, Xi, Wang, Xiangyue, Wang, Yangfu, Wang, Yaoguang, Wang, Yi, Wang, Yifang, Wang, Yuanqing, Wang, Yuyi, Wang, Zhe, Wang, Zheng, Wang, Zhimin, Watcharangkool, Apimook, Wei, Wei, Wei, Wenlu, Wei, Yadong, Wei, Yuehuan, Wen, Kaile, Wen, Liangjian, Weng, Jun, Wiebusch, Christopher, Wirth, Rosmarie, Wonsak, Bjoern, Wu, Diru, Wu, Qun, Wu, Yiyang, Wu, Zhi, Wurm, Michael, Wurtz, Jacques, Wysotzki, Christian, Xi, Yufei, Xia, Dongmei, Xiao, Fei, Xiao, Xiang, Xie, Xiaochuan, Xie, Yuguang, Xie, Zhangquan, Xin, Zhao, Xing, Zhizhong, Xu, Benda, Xu, Cheng, Xu, Donglian, Xu, Fanrong, Xu, Hangkun, Xu, Jilei, Xu, Jing, Xu, Meihang, Xu, Xunjie, Xu, Yin, Xu, Yu, Yan, Baojun, Yan, Qiyu, Yan, Taylor, Yan, Xiongbo, Yan, Yupeng, Yang, Changgen, Yang, Chengfeng, Yang, Jie, Yang, Lei, Yang, Xiaoyu, Yang, Yifan, Yao, Haifeng, Ye, Jiaxuan, Ye, Mei, Ye, Ziping, Yermia, Frédéric, You, Zhengyun, Yu, Boxiang, Yu, Chiye, Yu, Chunxu, Yu, Guojun, Yu, Hongzhao, Yu, Miao, Yu, Xianghui, Yu, Zeyuan, Yu, Zezhong, Yuan, Cenxi, Yuan, Chengzhuo, Yuan, Ying, Yuan, Zhenxiong, Yue, Baobiao, Zafar, Noman, Zavadskyi, Vitalii, Zeng, Fanrui, Zeng, Shan, Zeng, Tingxuan, Zeng, Yuda, Zhan, Liang, Zhang, Aiqiang, Zhang, Bin, Zhang, Binting, Zhang, Feiyang, Zhang, Haosen, Zhang, Honghao, Zhang, Jialiang, Zhang, Jiawen, Zhang, Jie, Zhang, Jingbo, Zhang, Jinnan, ZHANG, Lei, Zhang, Mohan, Zhang, Peng, Zhang, Ping, Zhang, Qingmin, Zhang, Shiqi, Zhang, Shu, Zhang, Shuihan, Zhang, Siyuan, Zhang, Tao, Zhang, Xiaomei, Zhang, Xin, Zhang, Xuantong, Zhang, Yinhong, Zhang, Yiyu, Zhang, Yongpeng, Zhang, Yu, Zhang, Yuanyuan, Zhang, Yumei, Zhang, Zhenyu, Zhang, Zhijian, Zhao, Jie, Zhao, Rong, Zhao, Runze, Zhao, Shujun, Zheng, Dongqin, Zheng, Hua, Zheng, Yangheng, Zhong, Weirong, Zhou, Jing, Zhou, Li, Zhou, Nan, Zhou, Shun, Zhou, Tong, Zhou, Xiang, Zhu, Jingsen, Zhu, Kangfu, Zhu, Kejun, Zhu, Zhihang, Zhuang, Bo, Zhuang, Honglin, Zong, Liang, Zou, Jiaheng, Züfle, Jan, and null, null
Abstract: The core-collapse supernova (CCSN) is considered one of the most energetic astrophysical events in the universe. The early and prompt detection of neutrinos before (pre-SN) and during the supernova (SN) burst presents a unique opportunity for multi-messenger observations of CCSN events. In this study, we describe the monitoring concept and present the sensitivity of the system to pre-SN and SN neutrinos at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), a 20 kton liquid scintillator detector currently under construction in South China. The real-time monitoring system is designed to ensure both prompt alert speed and comprehensive coverage of progenitor stars. It incorporates prompt monitors on the electronic board as well as online monitors at the data acquisition stage. Assuming a false alert rate of 1 per year, this monitoring system exhibits sensitivity to pre-SN neutrinos up to a distance of approximately 1.6 (0.9) kiloparsecs and SN neutrinos up to about 370 (360) kiloparsecs for a progenitor mass of 30 solar masses, considering both normal and inverted mass ordering scenarios. The pointing ability of the CCSN is evaluated by analyzing the accumulated event anisotropy of inverse beta decay interactions from pre-SN or SN neutrinos. This, along with the early alert, can play a crucial role in facilitating follow-up multi-messenger observations of the next galactic or nearby extragalactic CCSN.
Published: 2024

6. Accumulation of soil microbial extracellular and cellular residues during forest rewilding: Implications for soil carbon stabilization in older plantations

Author: National Key Research and Development Program (China), National Natural Science Foundation of China, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Liao, Jiahui [0000-0003-3689-9073], Chen, H.Y.H. [0000-0001-9477-5541], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Yan, Zhengming [0009-0002-7602-743X], Ren, Tingting [0000-0002-7843-5683], Ruan, Honghua [0000-0002-6075-474X], Shi, Ke, Liao, Jiahui, Chen, H.Y.H., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Yan, Zhengming, Ren, Tingting, Ruan, Honghua, National Key Research and Development Program (China), National Natural Science Foundation of China, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Liao, Jiahui [0000-0003-3689-9073], Chen, H.Y.H. [0000-0001-9477-5541], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Yan, Zhengming [0009-0002-7602-743X], Ren, Tingting [0000-0002-7843-5683], Ruan, Honghua [0000-0002-6075-474X], Shi, Ke, Liao, Jiahui, Chen, H.Y.H., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Yan, Zhengming, Ren, Tingting, and Ruan, Honghua
Abstract: Soil microbial residues are a critical component of stable soil organic carbon pools in terrestrial ecosystems. Plantations are anticipated to increase soil stable carbon stocks and contribute toward addressing global climate change. How rewilding, as a strategy to restore the multiple ecological functions of plantations, affects soil microbial residues remains to be elucidated. Here, we divided microbial residues into extracellular residues (using extracellular polymeric substances, i.e., EPS, as a proxy) and cellular residues (estimated by amino sugars) and investigated the changes in their accumulation over four decades (6–45 years) of Metasequoia glyptostroboides plantation development. It was found that forest rewilding resulted in a linear accumulation of soil microbial residues and enhanced their contributions to the soil organic carbon. Specifically, EPS-polysaccharide increased by 126.5%, while the total cellular residue carbon, fungal cellular residue carbon, and bacterial cellular residue carbon increased by 73.4%, 77.2%, and 54.3%, respectively. Correspondingly, the contributions of EPS-polysaccharide and total cellular residue carbon to the soil organic carbon increased by 66.1% and 32.1%, respectively. The main drivers behind extracellular and cellular residues differed, with fine root biomass being the main driver of extracellular residues, while soil nitrogen and organic carbon content were the main drivers of cellular residues. Our study demonstrated that through rewilding, microbial extracellular and cellular residues could continuously accumulate in soils and contribute significantly to the sequestration of atmospheric carbon, highlighting the need to incorporate both microbial residues into soil carbon models to address global climate change. The results suggested that plantations should be allowed to grow older rather than being prematurely harvested, as they promote soil carbon sequestration and stabilization, which has important implications f
Published: 2024

7. Increased fine root production coupled with reduced aboveground production of plantations under a three-year experimental drought

Author: National Key Research and Development Program (China), Yancheng Teachers University, Jiangsu Forestry, Zou, Xiaoming [0000-0001-9023-3067], Chen, H.Y.H. [0000-0001-9477-5541], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Liu, Yuwei [0009-0002-5276-9033], Ruan, Honghua [0000-0002-6075-474X], Wang, Cuiting, Sun, Yuan, Zou, Xiaoming, Chen, H.Y.H., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Yang, Jingyan, Wang, Guobing, Liu, Yuwei, Ruan, Honghua, National Key Research and Development Program (China), Yancheng Teachers University, Jiangsu Forestry, Zou, Xiaoming [0000-0001-9023-3067], Chen, H.Y.H. [0000-0001-9477-5541], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Liu, Yuwei [0009-0002-5276-9033], Ruan, Honghua [0000-0002-6075-474X], Wang, Cuiting, Sun, Yuan, Zou, Xiaoming, Chen, H.Y.H., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Yang, Jingyan, Wang, Guobing, Liu, Yuwei, and Ruan, Honghua
Abstract: Climate change has led to more frequent and intense droughts. A better understanding of forest production under drought stress is critical for assessing the resilience of forests and their capacity to deliver ecosystem services under climate change. However, the direction and magnitude of drought effects on aboveground and belowground forest ecosystem components remain poorly understood. Here, we conducted a drought experiment including 30 % and 50 % throughfall reduction in a poplar plantation in the eastern coast of China to test how different drought intensities affected aboveground and fine root production. We further investigated the responses of soil physicochemical properties (e.g., soil moisture, soil pH, soil carbon, and soil nitrogen), and microbial properties (e.g., total microbial biomass, fungi:bacteria ratios, and Gram+:Gram− bacteria ratios) to drought. We found that the aboveground production decreased by 12.2 % and 19.3 % following 30 % and 50 % drought intensities, respectively. However, fine root production increased by 21.6 % and 35.1 % under 30 % and 50 % drought intensities, respectively. Moreover, all above- and belowground components exhibited stronger responses to 50 % compared with 30 % drought intensity. Our results provide some of the first direct evidence for simultaneous responses of forest above- and belowground production to moderate and intense droughts, by demonstrating that fine root production is more sensitive than aboveground production to both levels of drought stress.
Published: 2024

8. Deforestation impacts soil biodiversity & ecosystem services worldwide

Author: National Key Research and Development Program (China), National Natural Science Foundation of China, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Kazan Federal University, Li, Xiaogang [0000-0002-7976-1122], Bardgett, Richard D. [0000-0002-5131-0127], Kuzyakov, Yakov [0000-0002-9863-8461], Revillini, Daniel [0000-0002-0380-4106], Sonne, Christian [0000-0001-5723-5263], Ruan, Honghua [0000-0002-6075-474X], Liu, Yurong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Reich, Peter B. [0000-0003-4424-662X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Qu, Xinjing, Li, Xiaogang, Bardgett, Richard D., Kuzyakov, Yakov, Revillini, Daniel, Sonne, Christian, Xia, Changlei, Ruan, Honghua, Liu, Yurong, Fuliang, Cao, Reich, Peter B., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, National Key Research and Development Program (China), National Natural Science Foundation of China, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Kazan Federal University, Li, Xiaogang [0000-0002-7976-1122], Bardgett, Richard D. [0000-0002-5131-0127], Kuzyakov, Yakov [0000-0002-9863-8461], Revillini, Daniel [0000-0002-0380-4106], Sonne, Christian [0000-0001-5723-5263], Ruan, Honghua [0000-0002-6075-474X], Liu, Yurong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Reich, Peter B. [0000-0003-4424-662X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Qu, Xinjing, Li, Xiaogang, Bardgett, Richard D., Kuzyakov, Yakov, Revillini, Daniel, Sonne, Christian, Xia, Changlei, Ruan, Honghua, Liu, Yurong, Fuliang, Cao, Reich, Peter B., and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: Deforestation poses a global threat to biodiversity and its capacity to deliver ecosystem services. Yet, the impacts of deforestation on soil biodiversity and its associated ecosystem services remain virtually unknown. We generated a global dataset including 696 paired-site observations to investigate how native forest conversion to other land uses affects soil properties, biodiversity, and functions associated with the delivery of multiple ecosystem services. The conversion of native forests to plantations, grasslands, and croplands resulted in higher bacterial diversity and more homogeneous fungal communities dominated by pathogens and with a lower abundance of symbionts. Such conversions also resulted in significant reductions in carbon storage, nutrient cycling, and soil functional rates related to organic matter decomposition. Responses of the microbial community to deforestation, including bacterial and fungal diversity and fungal guilds, were predominantly regulated by changes in soil pH and total phosphorus. Moreover, we found that soil fungal diversity and functioning in warmer and wetter native forests is especially vulnerable to deforestation. Our work highlights that the loss of native forests to managed ecosystems poses a major global threat to the biodiversity and functioning of soils and their capacity to deliver ecosystem services.
Published: 2024

9. Unreported role of earthworms as decomposers of soil extracellular polymeric substance

Author: National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Key Research and Development Program (China), Liao, Jiahui [0000-0003-3689-9073], Ren, Tingting [0000-0002-7843-5683], Zou, Xiaoming [0000-0001-9023-3067], Chen, H.Y.H. [0000-0001-9477-5541], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Ruan, Honghua [0000-0002-6075-474X], Liao, Jiahui, Li, Yuanyuan, Ni, Juanping, Ren, Tingting, Shi, Ke, Zou, Xiaoming, Chen, H.Y.H., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Ruan, Honghua, National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Key Research and Development Program (China), Liao, Jiahui [0000-0003-3689-9073], Ren, Tingting [0000-0002-7843-5683], Zou, Xiaoming [0000-0001-9023-3067], Chen, H.Y.H. [0000-0001-9477-5541], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Ruan, Honghua [0000-0002-6075-474X], Liao, Jiahui, Li, Yuanyuan, Ni, Juanping, Ren, Tingting, Shi, Ke, Zou, Xiaoming, Chen, H.Y.H., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, and Ruan, Honghua
Abstract: Soil microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are important components of soil organic carbon (SOC), which are thought to promote the formation of soil structures and induce the stabilization of SOC. Earthworms may not only stimulate the production of EPS through the promotion of microbial activity and microbial biomass, but might also accelerate the decomposition of EPS via ingestion, resulting in SOC sequestration or loss. However, the exact impacts of earthworms on EPS in soils have never been evaluated. Here, a pioneering experiment involving two species of endogeic earthworms (Drawida gisti and Metaphire guillelmi) with different body sizes was conducted to investigate their impacts on soil EPS. It was found that the D. gisti and M. guillelmi earthworms reduced the soil EPS-protein concentrations by 12.6 % and 17.6 %, respectively; however, they did not affect the EPS-polysaccharide concentration. Moreover, the presence of these endogeic earthworms increased soil microbial biomass, and elevated microbial respiration, microbial metabolic quotient, dissolved organic carbon, and soil pH. The results of this study provide the first evidence for the decoupling effects of earthworms on extracellular residual components. This suggests that earthworms may alter the molecular composition of SOM, thereby influencing its persistence and soil-atmosphere carbon exchange.
Published: 2024

10. Improved measurement of the branching fraction of $h_{c}\rightarrow\gamma\eta^\prime/\eta$ and search for $h_{c}\rightarrow\gamma\pi^0$

Author: BESIII Collaboration, Ablikim, M., Achasov, M. N., Adlarson, P., Afedulidis, O., Ai, X. C., Aliberti, R., Amoroso, A., An, Q., Bai, Y., Bakina, O., Balossino, I., Ban, Y., Bao, H. -R., Batozskaya, V., Begzsuren, K., Berger, N., Berlowski, M., Bertani, M., Bettoni, D., Bianchi, F., Bianco, E., Bortone, A., Boyko, I., Briere, R. A., Brueggemann, A., Cai, H., Cai, X., Calcaterra, A., Cao, G. F., Cao, N., Cetin, S. A., Chang, J. F., Che, G. R., Che, Y. Z., Chelkov, G., Chen, C., Chen, C. H., Chen, Chao, Chen, G., Chen, H. S., Chen, H. Y., Chen, M. L., Chen, S. J., Chen, S. L., Chen, S. M., Chen, T., Chen, X. R., Chen, X. T., Chen, Y. B., Chen, Y. Q., Chen, Z. J., Chen, Z. Y., Choi, S. K., Cibinetto, G., Cossio, F., Cui, J. J., Dai, H. L., Dai, J. P., Dbeyssi, A., de Boer, R. E., Dedovich, D., Deng, C. Q., Deng, Z. Y., Denig, A., Denysenko, I., Destefanis, M., De Mori, F., Ding, B., Ding, X. X., Ding, Y., Dong, J., Dong, L. Y., Dong, M. Y., Dong, X., Du, M. C., Du, S. X., Duan, Y. Y., Duan, Z. H., Egorov, P., Fan, Y. H., Fang, J., Fang, S. S., Fang, W. X., Fang, Y., Fang, Y. Q., Farinelli, R., Fava, L., Feldbauer, F., Felici, G., Feng, C. Q., Feng, J. H., Feng, Y. T., Fritsch, M., Fu, C. D., Fu, J. L., Fu, Y. W., Gao, H., Gao, X. B., Gao, Y. N., Gao, Yang, Garbolino, S., Garzia, I., Ge, L., Ge, P. T., Ge, Z. W., Geng, C., Gersabeck, E. M., Gilman, A., Goetzen, K., Gong, L., Gong, W. X., Gradl, W., Gramigna, S., Greco, M., Gu, M. H., Gu, Y. T., Guan, C. Y., Guo, A. Q., Guo, L. B., Guo, M. J., Guo, R. P., Guo, Y. P., Guskov, A., Gutierrez, J., Han, K. L., Han, T. T., Hanisch, F., Hao, X. Q., Harris, F. A., He, K. K., He, K. L., Heinsius, F. H., Heinz, C. H., Heng, Y. K., Herold, C., Holtmann, T., Hong, P. C., Hou, G. Y., Hou, X. T., Hou, Y. R., Hou, Z. L., Hu, B. Y., Hu, H. M., Hu, J. F., Hu, S. L., Hu, T., Hu, Y., Huang, G. S., Huang, K. X., Huang, L. Q., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. P., Huang, Y. S., Hussain, T., Hölzken, F., Hüsken, N., der Wiesche, N. in, Jackson, J., Janchiv, S., Jeong, J. H., Ji, Q., Ji, Q. P., Ji, W., Ji, X. B., Ji, X. L., Ji, Y. Y., Jia, X. Q., Jia, Z. K., Jiang, D., Jiang, H. B., Jiang, P. C., Jiang, S. S., Jiang, T. J., Jiang, X. S., Jiang, Y., Jiao, J. B., Jiao, J. K., Jiao, Z., Jin, S., Jin, Y., Jing, M. Q., Jing, X. M., Johansson, T., Kabana, S., Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N., Kang, X. L., Kang, X. S., Kavatsyuk, M., Ke, B. C., Khachatryan, V., Khoukaz, A., Kiuchi, R., Kolcu, O. B., Kopf, B., Kuessner, M., Kui, X., Kumar, N., Kupsc, A., Kühn, W., Lane, J. J., Lavezzi, L., Lei, T. T., Lei, Z. H., Lellmann, M., Lenz, T., Li, C., Li, C. H., Li, Cheng, Li, D. M., Li, F., Li, G., Li, H. B., Li, H. J., Li, H. N., Li, Hui, Li, J. R., Li, J. S., Li, K., Li, K. L., Li, L. J., Li, L. K., Li, Lei, Li, M. H., Li, P. R., Li, Q. M., Li, Q. X., Li, R., Li, S. X., Li, T., Li, W. D., Li, W. G., Li, X., Li, X. H., Li, X. L., Li, X. Y., Li, X. Z., Li, Y. G., Li, Z. J., Li, Z. Y., Liang, C., Liang, H., Liang, Y. F., Liang, Y. T., Liao, G. R., Liao, Y. P., Libby, J., Limphirat, A., Lin, C. C., Lin, D. X., Lin, T., Liu, B. J., Liu, B. X., Liu, C., Liu, C. X., Liu, F., Liu, F. H., Liu, Feng, Liu, G. M., Liu, H., Liu, H. B., Liu, H. H., Liu, H. M., Liu, Huihui, Liu, J. B., Liu, J. Y., Liu, K., Liu, K. Y., Liu, Ke, Liu, L., Liu, L. C., Liu, Lu, Liu, M. H., Liu, P. L., Liu, Q., Liu, S. B., Liu, T., Liu, W. K., Liu, W. M., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. B., Liu, Z. A., Liu, Z. D., Liu, Z. Q., Lou, X. C., Lu, F. X., Lu, H. J., Lu, J. G., Lu, X. L., Lu, Y., Lu, Y. P., Lu, Z. H., Luo, C. L., Luo, J. R., Luo, M. X., Luo, T., Luo, X. L., Lyu, X. R., Lyu, Y. F., Ma, F. C., Ma, H., Ma, H. L., Ma, J. L., Ma, L. L., Ma, L. R., Ma, M. M., Ma, Q. M., Ma, R. Q., Ma, T., Ma, X. T., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. M., Maas, F. E., Maggiora, M., Malde, S., Mao, Y. J., Mao, Z. P., Marcello, S., Meng, Z. X., Messchendorp, J. G., Mezzadri, G., Miao, H., Min, T. J., Mitchell, R. E., Mo, X. 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Abstract: The processes $h_c\rightarrow\gamma P(P = \eta^\prime,~\eta,~\pi^{0}))$ are studied with a sample of $(27.12\pm0.14)\times10^{8}$ $\psi(3686)$ events collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The branching fractions of $h_c\rightarrow\gamma\eta^\prime$ and $h_c\rightarrow\gamma\eta$ are measured to be $(1.40\pm0.11\pm0.04\pm0.10)\times10^{-3}$ and $(3.77\pm0.55\pm0.13\pm0.26)\times10^{-4}$, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second systematic, and the third from the branching fraction of $\psi(3686)\rightarrow\pi^{0}h_c$. The ratio $R_{h_c}=\frac{\mathscr{B}(h_c\rightarrow\gamma\eta)}{\mathscr{B}(h_c\rightarrow\gamma\eta^\prime)}$ is calculated to be $(27.0\pm4.4\pm1.0)\%$. The measurements are consistent with the previous results with improved precision by a factor of 2. The results are valuable for gaining a deeper understanding of $\eta-\eta^\prime$ mixing, and its manifestation within quantum chromodynamics. No significant signal is found for the decay $h_c\rightarrow\gamma\pi^{0}$, and an upper limit is placed on its branching fraction of $\mathscr{B}(h_c\rightarrow\gamma\pi^{0})<5.0\times10^{-5}$, at the 90\% confidence level.
Published: 2024

11. Developing methods to improve and broaden polygenic risk score analyses

Author: Ruan, Yunfeng, O'Reilly, Paul Francis, Breen, Gerome Daniel, and Choi, Shing Wan
Subjects: 616.8
Abstract: Powerful large-scale GWAS not only discover loci associated with various traits but also provide data for performing downstream analyses that lead to further aetiological insights. One such group of downstream analyses involve the use of polygenic risk scores. A polygenic risk score (PRS) is a weighted sum of risk alleles across the genome, which acts as a proxy of an individual's genetic propensity for a phenotype. The weight is usually the effect size estimated from a GWAS on the phenotype. PRS were first used to test whether an outcome had a polygenic basis, especially when the corresponding GWAS yielded no significant results. More recently, PRS have been used for a huge range of applications, most commonly so far to evaluate evidence for shared genetic aetiology between different phenotypes. In this thesis, I evaluate the power of various PRS analyses by exploiting UK Biobank data, I develop two novel shrinkage methods for increasing the power of PRS analyses, which may have applications beyond GWAS and PRS studies, and finally I develop a set of methods for extending the PRS approach to individual-level gene-set analyses. My PhD begins by developing a method that we call "Permutation Shrinkage", which shrinks GWAS effect size estimates in order to make them closer to the true effect sizes. The motivation of this method is to improve the PRS prediction model, which is based on GWAS effect size estimates. The accuracy of effect size estimates greatly affects the power of the prediction model based on them. This shrinkage method estimates 'noise' in the observed effect size estimates from a null distribution of the effect sizes generated by permuting raw phenotype data and then subtracting these estimated null effects from the observed estimates. Permutation shrinkage was tested in UK Biobank data. The corrected GWAS leads to an average 35% increase in PRS R2 across a range of traits tested. In the next chapter, I extend the method to an order statistic method ("Order Statistics Shrinkage") applicable for use on summary statistic data, which is an important extension because most available GWAS data are on summary statistics only. I compare this new shrinkage method to several other well-established shrinkage methods, such as Ridge and LASSO regression and tailed the new method to GWAS data. Order Statistics Shrinkage had similar performance with Permutation Shrinkage in the tests. In the final work chapter of my thesis, I extend the conventional PRS analysis method to a group of gene-set analysis methods, which we collectively call 'PRSet'. We add PRSet to the PRSice suite of software packages. PRSet calculates gene-set PRS to study aetiology on the gene-set or pathway level. Gene-set analyses can be either self-contained (testing general association) or competitive (testing enrichment compared to other gene-sets). The performance of PRSet is compared with MAGMA, a leading gene-set analysis method.
Published: 2019

12. Concurrent Asian monsoon strengthening and early modern human dispersal to East Asia during the last interglacial

Author: Ao, Hong, Ruan, Jiaoyang, Martinón-Torres, María, Krapp, Mario, Liebrand, Diederik, Dekkers, Mark J., Caley, Thibaut, Jonell, Tara N., Zhu, Zongmin, Huang, Chunju, Li, Xinxia, Zhang, Ziyun, Sun, Qiang, Yang, Pingguo, Jiang, Jiali, Li, Xinzhou, Xie, Xiaoxun, Song, Yougui, Qiang, Xiaoke, Zhang, Peng, An, Zhisheng, Ao, Hong, Ruan, Jiaoyang, Martinón-Torres, María, Krapp, Mario, Liebrand, Diederik, Dekkers, Mark J., Caley, Thibaut, Jonell, Tara N., Zhu, Zongmin, Huang, Chunju, Li, Xinxia, Zhang, Ziyun, Sun, Qiang, Yang, Pingguo, Jiang, Jiali, Li, Xinzhou, Xie, Xiaoxun, Song, Yougui, Qiang, Xiaoke, Zhang, Peng, and An, Zhisheng
Abstract: The relationship between initial Homo sapiens dispersal from Africa to East Asia and the orbitally paced evolution of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM)-currently the largest monsoon system-remains underexplored due to lack of coordinated synthesis of both Asian paleoanthropological and paleoclimatic data. Here, we investigate orbital-scale ASM dynamics during the last 280 thousand years (kyr) and their likely influences on early H. sapiens dispersal to East Asia, through a unique integration of i) new centennial-resolution ASM records from the Chinese Loess Plateau, ii) model-based East Asian hydroclimatic reconstructions, iii) paleoanthropological data compilations, and iv) global H. sapiens habitat suitability simulations. Our combined proxy-and model-based reconstructions suggest that ASM precipitation responded to a combination of Northern Hemisphere ice volume, greenhouse gas, and regional summer insolation forcing, with cooccurring primary orbital cycles of ∼100-kyr, 41-kyr, and ∼20-kyr. Between ∼125 and 70 kyr ago, summer monsoon rains and temperatures increased in vast areas across Asia. This episode coincides with the earliest H. sapiens fossil occurrence at multiple localities in East Asia. Following the transcontinental increase in simulated habitat suitability, we suggest that ASM strengthening together with Southeast African climate deterioration may have promoted the initial H. sapiens dispersal from their African homeland to remote East Asia during the last interglacial.
Published: 2024

13. The Territorial Scope of GDPR - Conditions, Extraterritorial Application and Implications

Author: Ruan, Kehan and Ruan, Kehan
Abstract: The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has been called the strictest data protection law in history, and one of the key reasons for this is due to its vast territorial scope, which allows it to be applied to non-EU entities as long as the relevant conditions are met. Such a broad extraterritorial application has greatly improved the level of data protection, but it has also triggered some controversies and concerns. This thesis takes the territorial scope of the GDPR as the subject of study, analyses the conditions for the application of Article 3 of the GDPR as well as evaluates it through the interpretation of the legislation and the case law. Then, the paper analyses the conflicts and shortcomings of the rule in practical application, involving the conflicts and interactions between the territorial scope and the data transfer rules, with the problems encountered in the practice of the representative regime. It proposes solutions such as merging the territorial scope and data transfer rules and guiding the commercialization of representative services. The last part of the thesis explores the implications of the extraterritorial application of the GDPR from an international trade perspective, where some of the GDPR's rules may potentially violate the national treatment and most favoured nation (MFN) requirements of the GATS, either de jure or de facto. In addition, it may create three types of trade barriers: social, regulatory, and technical. Finally, recommendations are provided to help eliminate trade barriers for third countries and the EU respectively. For third countries, it is possible to apply for adequacy decisions, upgrade the level of domestic data protection, and promote data protection standards that are in the national interest. For the EU, more interpretations and guidelines can be developed, and asymmetric enforcement can be implemented.
Published: 2024

14. Optoelectronic properties of bent two-dimensional materials from first-principles methods combined with machine learning

Author: Ruzsinszky, Adrienn, Ruzsinszky, Adrienn, Tang, Hong, Neupane, Santosh, Yin, Li, Yan, Qimin, Breslin, Jason, Nepal, Niraj, Kaplan, Aaron, Neupane, Bimal, Adhikari, Santosh, Ruan, Shiqi, Ruzsinszky, Adrienn, Ruzsinszky, Adrienn, Tang, Hong, Neupane, Santosh, Yin, Li, Yan, Qimin, Breslin, Jason, Nepal, Niraj, Kaplan, Aaron, Neupane, Bimal, Adhikari, Santosh, and Ruan, Shiqi
Published: 2024

15. XA21-mediated resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is dose dependent.

Author: Zhang, Nan, Zhang, Nan, Dong, Xiaoou, Jain, Rashmi, Ruan, Deling, de Araujo Junior, Artur, Li, Yan, Lipzen, Anna, Martin, Joel, Barry, Kerrie, Ronald, Pamela, Zhang, Nan, Zhang, Nan, Dong, Xiaoou, Jain, Rashmi, Ruan, Deling, de Araujo Junior, Artur, Li, Yan, Lipzen, Anna, Martin, Joel, Barry, Kerrie, and Ronald, Pamela
Abstract: The rice receptor kinase XA21 confers broad-spectrum resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the causal agent of rice bacterial blight disease. To investigate the relationship between the expression level of XA21 and resulting resistance, we generated independent HA-XA21 transgenic rice lines accumulating the XA21 immune receptor fused with an HA epitope tag. Whole-genome sequence analysis identified the T-DNA insertion sites in sixteen independent T0 events. Through quantification of the HA-XA21 protein and assessment of the resistance to Xoo strain PXO99 in six independent transgenic lines, we observed that XA21-mediated resistance is dose dependent. In contrast, based on the four agronomic traits quantified in these experiments, yield is unlikely to be affected by the expression level of HA-XA21. These findings extend our knowledge of XA21-mediated defense and contribute to the growing number of well-defined genomic landing pads in the rice genome that can be targeted for gene insertion without compromising yield.
Published: 2024

16. Observations of diapycnal upwelling within a sloping submarine canyon.

Author: Wynne-Cattanach, Bethan, Wynne-Cattanach, Bethan, Couto, Nicole, Drake, Henri, Ferrari, Raffaele, Le Boyer, Arnaud, Mercier, Herlé, Messias, Marie-José, Ruan, Xiaozhou, Spingys, Carl, van Haren, Hans, Voet, Gunnar, Polzin, Kurt, Naveira Garabato, Alberto, Alford, Matthew, Wynne-Cattanach, Bethan, Wynne-Cattanach, Bethan, Couto, Nicole, Drake, Henri, Ferrari, Raffaele, Le Boyer, Arnaud, Mercier, Herlé, Messias, Marie-José, Ruan, Xiaozhou, Spingys, Carl, van Haren, Hans, Voet, Gunnar, Polzin, Kurt, Naveira Garabato, Alberto, and Alford, Matthew
Abstract: Small-scale turbulent mixing drives the upwelling of deep water masses in the abyssal ocean as part of the global overturning circulation1. However, the processes leading to mixing and the pathways through which this upwelling occurs remain insufficiently understood. Recent observational and theoretical work2-5 has suggested that deep-water upwelling may occur along the oceans sloping seafloor; however, evidence has, so far, been indirect. Here we show vigorous near-bottom upwelling across isopycnals at a rate of the order of 100 metres per day, coupled with adiabatic exchange of near-boundary and interior fluid. These observations were made using a dye released close to the seafloor within a sloping submarine canyon, and they provide direct evidence of strong, bottom-focused diapycnal upwelling in the deep ocean. This supports previous suggestions that mixing at topographic features, such as canyons, leads to globally significant upwelling3,6-8. The upwelling rates observed were approximately 10,000 times higher than the global average value required for approximately 30 × 106 m3 s-1 of net upwelling globally9.
Published: 2024

17. Controlling structure and interfacial interaction of monolayer TaSe2 on bilayer graphene

Author: Lee, Hyobeom, Lee, Hyobeom, Im, Hayoon, Choi, Byoung Ki, Park, Kyoungree, Chen, Yi, Ruan, Wei, Zhong, Yong, Lee, Ji-Eun, Ryu, Hyejin, Crommie, Michael F, Shen, Zhi-Xun, Hwang, Choongyu, Mo, Sung-Kwan, Hwang, Jinwoong, Lee, Hyobeom, Lee, Hyobeom, Im, Hayoon, Choi, Byoung Ki, Park, Kyoungree, Chen, Yi, Ruan, Wei, Zhong, Yong, Lee, Ji-Eun, Ryu, Hyejin, Crommie, Michael F, Shen, Zhi-Xun, Hwang, Choongyu, Mo, Sung-Kwan, and Hwang, Jinwoong
Abstract: Tunability of interfacial effects between two-dimensional (2D) crystals is crucial not only for understanding the intrinsic properties of each system, but also for designing electronic devices based on ultra-thin heterostructures. A prerequisite of such heterostructure engineering is the availability of 2D crystals with different degrees of interfacial interactions. In this work, we report a controlled epitaxial growth of monolayer TaSe2 with different structural phases, 1H and 1 T, on a bilayer graphene (BLG) substrate using molecular beam epitaxy, and its impact on the electronic properties of the heterostructures using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. 1H-TaSe2 exhibits significant charge transfer and band hybridization at the interface, whereas 1 T-TaSe2 shows weak interactions with the substrate. The distinct interfacial interactions are attributed to the dual effects from the differences of the work functions as well as the relative interlayer distance between TaSe2 films and BLG substrate. The method demonstrated here provides a viable route towards interface engineering in a variety of transition-metal dichalcogenides that can be applied to future nano-devices with designed electronic properties.
Published: 2024

18. Charge density waves in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides

Author: Hwang, Jinwoong, Hwang, Jinwoong, Ruan, Wei, Chen, Yi, Tang, Shujie, Crommie, Michael F, Shen, Zhi-Xun, Mo, Sung-Kwan, Hwang, Jinwoong, Hwang, Jinwoong, Ruan, Wei, Chen, Yi, Tang, Shujie, Crommie, Michael F, Shen, Zhi-Xun, and Mo, Sung-Kwan
Abstract: Charge density wave (CDW is one of the most ubiquitous electronic orders in quantum materials. While the essential ingredients of CDW order have been extensively studied, a comprehensive microscopic understanding is yet to be reached. Recent research efforts on the CDW phenomena in two-dimensional (2D) materials provide a new pathway toward a deeper understanding of its complexity. This review provides an overview of the CDW orders in 2D with atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) as the materials platform. We mainly focus on the electronic structure investigations on the epitaxially grown TMDC samples with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy as complementary experimental tools. We discuss the possible origins of the 2D CDW, novel quantum states coexisting with them, and exotic types of charge orders that can only be realized in the 2D limit.
Published: 2024

19. Observations of diapycnal upwelling within a sloping submarine canyon

Author: Wynne-Cattanach, Bethan L., Couto, Nicole, Drake, Henri F., Ferrari, Raffaele, Le Boyer, Arnaud, Mercier, Herlé, Messias, Marie-José, Ruan, Xiaozhou, Spingys, Carl P., van Haren, Hans, Voet, Gunnar, Polzin, Kurt, Naveira Garabato, Alberto C., Alford, Matthew H., Wynne-Cattanach, Bethan L., Couto, Nicole, Drake, Henri F., Ferrari, Raffaele, Le Boyer, Arnaud, Mercier, Herlé, Messias, Marie-José, Ruan, Xiaozhou, Spingys, Carl P., van Haren, Hans, Voet, Gunnar, Polzin, Kurt, Naveira Garabato, Alberto C., and Alford, Matthew H.
Abstract: Small-scale turbulent mixing drives the upwelling of deep water masses in the abyssal ocean as part of the global overturning circulation1. However, the processes leading to mixing and the pathways through which this upwelling occurs remain insufficiently understood. Recent observational and theoretical work2,3,4,5 has suggested that deep-water upwelling may occur along the ocean’s sloping seafloor; however, evidence has, so far, been indirect. Here we show vigorous near-bottom upwelling across isopycnals at a rate of the order of 100 metres per day, coupled with adiabatic exchange of near-boundary and interior fluid. These observations were made using a dye released close to the seafloor within a sloping submarine canyon, and they provide direct evidence of strong, bottom-focused diapycnal upwelling in the deep ocean. This supports previous suggestions that mixing at topographic features, such as canyons, leads to globally significant upwelling3,6,7,8. The upwelling rates observed were approximately 10,000 times higher than the global average value required for approximately 30 × 106 m3 s−1 of net upwelling globally9.
Published: 2024

20. Combined physical and biogeochemical assessment of mesoscale eddy parameterisations in ocean models: Eddy-induced advection at eddy-permitting resolutions

Author: Ruan, X., Couespel, D., Lévy, M., Li, J., Mak, J., Wang, Y., Ruan, X., Couespel, D., Lévy, M., Li, J., Mak, J., and Wang, Y.
Abstract: Ocean general circulation models at the eddy-permitting regime are known to under-resolve the mesoscale eddy activity and associated eddy-mean interaction. Under-resolving the mesoscale eddy field has consequences for the resulting mean state, affecting the modelled ocean circulation and biogeochemical responses, and impacting the quality of climate projections. There is an ongoing debate on whether and how a parameterisation should be utilised in the eddy-permitting regime. Focusing on the Gent–McWilliams (GM) based parameterisations, it is known that, on the one hand, not utilising a parameterisation leads to insufficient eddy feedback and results in biases. On the other hand, utilising a parameterisation leads to double-counting of the eddy feedback, and introduces other biases. A recently proposed approach, known as splitting, modifies the way GM-based schemes are applied in eddy-permitting regimes, and has been demonstrated to be effective in an idealised Southern Ocean channel model. In this work, we evaluate whether the splitting approach can lead to improvements in the physical and biogeochemical responses in an idealised double gyre model. Compared with a high resolution mesoscale eddy resolving model truth, the use of the GM-based GEOMETRIC parameterisation together with splitting in the eddy-permitting regime leads to broad improvements in the control pre-industrial scenario and an idealised climate change scenario, over models with and models without the GM-based GEOMETRIC parameterisation active. While there are still some deficiencies, particularly in the subtropical region where the transport is too weak and may need momentum re-injection to reduce the biases, the present work provides further evidence in support of using the splitting procedure together with a GM-based parameterisation in ocean general circulation models at eddy-permitting resolutions.
Published: 2024

21. Efficacy and Safety of DPP-4 Inhibitors and Metformin Combinations in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Literature Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Author: Chen,Rongping, Li,Jing, Chen,Danqi, Wen,Weiheng, Zhang,Susu, Li,Jitong, Ruan,Yuting, Zhang,Zhen, Sun,Jia, Chen,Hong, Chen,Rongping, Li,Jing, Chen,Danqi, Wen,Weiheng, Zhang,Susu, Li,Jitong, Ruan,Yuting, Zhang,Zhen, Sun,Jia, and Chen,Hong
Abstract: Rongping Chen,1,&ast; Jing Li,2,&ast; Danqi Chen,3,&ast; Weiheng Wen,1 Susu Zhang,1 Jitong Li,1 Yuting Ruan,1 Zhen Zhang,1 Jia Sun,1 Hong Chen1 1Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrinology, HuaZhong University of Science and Technology Union ShenZhen Hospital, Guangdong, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Institute for Prevention and Control of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hong Chen; Jia Sun, Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China, Email chenhong123@smu.edu.cn; sunjia@smu.edu.cnObjective: Several oral antidiabetic regimens are available for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) being one of them. We conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) comparing DPP4i plus metformin (Met) combination with other Met-based oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) combinations used in treating patients with T2DM.Methods: We searched PubMed and Embase from inception until 19th April, 2022 for phase II and phase III trials in patients with T2DM on Met-based traditional OADs. The primary outcome was assessed by change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and 2-hour post-prandial blood glucose (2h-PPG). The secondary safety outcomes assessed were hypoglycemic events, serious adverse events (SAEs), cardiovascular (CV) events, and gastrointestinal (GI) events.Results: Sixty-two trials were included in the analysis. The combination of DPP4i + Met revealed a comparable mean reduction in HbA1c levels to the glinides (Gli) + Met combination (mean difference [MD]: â 0.03%, 95% CI: 0.69, â 0.65), although the difference was not statistically significant. The mean HbA1c re
Published: 2024

22. A Shortened Diagnostic Interval and Its Associated Clinical Factors and Related Outcomes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients from a Cohort Study in China

Author: Zhou,Runing, Sun,Xiyu, Guo,Mingyue, Zhang,Huimin, Chen,Xuanfu, Wu,Meixu, Liang,Haozheng, Bai,Xiaoyin, Ruan,Gechong, Yang,Hong, Zhou,Runing, Sun,Xiyu, Guo,Mingyue, Zhang,Huimin, Chen,Xuanfu, Wu,Meixu, Liang,Haozheng, Bai,Xiaoyin, Ruan,Gechong, and Yang,Hong
Abstract: Runing Zhou,1 Xiyu Sun,2 Mingyue Guo,1 Huimin Zhang,1 Xuanfu Chen,1 Meixu Wu,1 Haozheng Liang,1 Xiaoyin Bai,1 Gechong Ruan,1 Hong Yang1 1Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, Peopleâs Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hong Yang, Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, Peopleâs Republic of China, Tel +86-10-69155014, Email yangh@pumch.cnAim: The diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) worldwide is complicated and results in diagnostic delay. However, the diagnostic interval of IBD and the factors associated with diagnostic delay in patients in China have not been determined.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of hospitalized IBD patients in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1998 to January 2018. Patients were divided into non-delayed and delayed groups according to their diagnostic interval.Results: A total of 516 and 848 patients were confirmed to have Crohnâs disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), respectively. The median diagnostic intervals were 6 and 20 months in patients with UC and CD, respectively (P< 0.05). A decreasing trend in the diagnostic interval for IBD was observed over time, from 9 months to 1 month in UC patients and from 30 months to 3 months in CD patients. The longest diagnostic interval was 29.5 months in CD patients with first symptoms at the age of 51â 60 years and 12.5 months in UC patients at the age of 41â 50 years. In patients with CD, intestinal obstruction (OR=2.71), comorbid diabetes (OR=4.42), and appendectomy history (OR=2.18) were ris
Published: 2024

23. Red Blood Cell Distribution Width to Albumin Ratio for Predicting Type I Cardiorenal Syndrome in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Author: Ruan,Liang, Xu,Shuailei, Qin,Yuhan, Tang,Huihong, Li,Xudong, Yan,Gaoliang, Wang,Dong, Tang,Chengchun, Qiao,Yong, Ruan,Liang, Xu,Shuailei, Qin,Yuhan, Tang,Huihong, Li,Xudong, Yan,Gaoliang, Wang,Dong, Tang,Chengchun, and Qiao,Yong
Abstract: Liang Ruan,1,2 Shuailei Xu,1,2 Yuhan Qin,2 Huihong Tang,1,2 Xudong Li,1,2 Gaoliang Yan,2 Dong Wang,2 Chengchun Tang,2 Yong Qiao2 1School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peopleâs Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Chengchun Tang; Yong Qiao, Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, Peopleâs Republic of China, Email tangchengchun@hotmail.com; jinyong8866@163.comPurpose: Red blood cell distribution width to albumin ratio (RAR) is a novel inflammatory biomarker that independently predicts adverse cardiovascular events and acute kidney injury. This study aimed to assess the predictive value of RAR for cardio-renal syndrome type I (CRS-I) risk in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients.Patients and methods: This study retrospectively enrolled 551 patients who were definitively diagnosed as AMI between October 2021 and October 2022 at the Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University. Participants were divided into two and four groups based on the occurrence of CRS-I and the quartiles of RAR, respectively. Demographic data, laboratory findings, coronary angiography data, and drug utilization were compared among the groups. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis were performed to identify independent risk factors for CRS-I and evaluated the predictive value of RAR for CRS-I.Results: Among the cohort of 551 patients, 103 (18.7%) developed CRS-I. Patients with CRS-I exhibited significantly elevated RAR levels compared to those without the condition, and the incidence of CRS-I correlated with escalating RAR. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified RAR as an independent risk factor for CRS-I. ROC curves analysis demonstrated that RAR alone predicted CRS-I with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.683 (95% CI=0.64
Published: 2024

24. Emerging Insights into Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor and Tumor-Targeted Therapy

Author: Lin,Min, Gong,Ting, Ruan,Shifan, Lv,Xiaoqing, Chen,Rongying, Su,Xinhong, Cheng,Bo, Ji,Chao, Lin,Min, Gong,Ting, Ruan,Shifan, Lv,Xiaoqing, Chen,Rongying, Su,Xinhong, Cheng,Bo, and Ji,Chao
Abstract: Min Lin,1,&ast; Ting Gong,2,&ast; Shifan Ruan,1,&ast; Xiaoqing Lv,1 Rongying Chen,1 Xinhong Su,1 Bo Cheng,1 Chao Ji1 1Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350000, Peopleâs Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bo Cheng; Chao Ji, Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350000, Peopleâs Republic of China, Tel +86 13859024296 ; +86 18651619908, Email bochengg@163.com; jichaofy@fjmu.edu.cnObjective: Anticancer drugs have revolutionized tumor therapy, with cutaneous toxicities such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) being common immune-related adverse events. The debate over the efficacy of systemic corticosteroids in treating these conditions persists, while tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inhibitors show promise. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combination therapy involving the TNF-Î± inhibitor adalimumab for SJS/TEN induced by anticancer drugs.Methods: A literature review of SJS/TEN cases induced by anticancer drugs from 1992 to 2023 was conducted, alongside an analysis of patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University during the same period. Clinical characteristics, skin healing time, mortality, and adverse events were evaluated in two treatment groups: SJS/TEN patients treated with targeted anticancer therapies and immunotherapies.Results: Among the 27 patients studied (18 with SJS or SJS-TEN overlapping and 9 with TEN), combination therapy with adalimumab significantly reduced mucocutaneous reepithelization time and healing duration compared to corticosteroid monotherapy. Patients receiving adalimumab combined with c
Published: 2024

25. Serum Homer1 is a Novel Biomarker for Predicting the Clinical Outcomes of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients

Author: Lv,Weihao, Ruan,Zhe, Zhang,Qianqian, Wei,Yaxuan, Wu,Xiuquan, Dou,Ya-Nan, Chao,Wangshu, Fei,Xiaowei, Fei,Zhou, Lv,Weihao, Ruan,Zhe, Zhang,Qianqian, Wei,Yaxuan, Wu,Xiuquan, Dou,Ya-Nan, Chao,Wangshu, Fei,Xiaowei, and Fei,Zhou
Abstract: Weihao Lv,1,&ast; Zhe Ruan,2,&ast; Qianqian Zhang,3,&ast; Yaxuan Wei,4,&ast; Xiuquan Wu,1 Ya-Nan Dou,1 Wangshu Chao,1 Xiaowei Fei,1 Zhou Fei1 1Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xiâan, Shaanxi, 710032, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xiâan, Shaanxi, 710032, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Department of Respiratory Medicine, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730070, Peopleâs Republic of China; 4Department of Neurology, Gansu Province Central Hospital, Lanzhou, 730070, Peopleâs Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaowei Fei; Zhou Fei, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Shaanxi, 710032, Peopleâs Republic of China, Tel +86-1882928538, Email xiaowei_fei@fmmu.edu.cn; feizhou@fmmu.edu.cnPurpose: We aim to explore the relationship between Homer1 and the outcomes of AIS patients at 3 months.Patients and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted from May 2022 to March 2023. In this study, we investigated the association between serum Homer1 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at admission and functional outcomes of patients at 3 months after AIS.Results: Overall, 89 AIS patients (48 good outcomes and 41 poor outcomes) and 83 healthy controls were included. The median serum Homer1 level of patients at admission with poor outcomes was significantly higher than that of patients with good outcomes (39.33 vs 33.15, P< 0.001). Serum Homer1 levels at admission were positively correlated with the severity of AIS (r = 0.488, P< 0.001). The optimal cutoff of serum Homer1 level as an indicator for an auxiliary diagnosis of 3 months functional outcomes was 35.07 pg/mL, with a sensitivity of 75.0% and a specificity of 92.7% (AUC 0.837; 95% CI [0.744â 0.907]; P< 0 0.001). The odds ratio of MRS > 2 predi
Published: 2024

26. Augmented Cornus officinalis Levels in Liuwei Dihuang Decoction Inhibits Nucleus Pulposus Cell Pyroptosis to Enhance Therapeutic Efficacy Against Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Author: Ge,Yuying, Xie,Yuepeng, Chai,Junlei, Ji,Weifeng, Lou,Xiulong, Tian,Kun, Bao,Ronghua, Wu,Chengliang, Ruan,Hongfeng, Ge,Yuying, Xie,Yuepeng, Chai,Junlei, Ji,Weifeng, Lou,Xiulong, Tian,Kun, Bao,Ronghua, Wu,Chengliang, and Ruan,Hongfeng
Abstract: Yuying Ge,1,&ast; Yuepeng Xie,2,&ast; Junlei Chai,3,&ast; Weifeng Ji,4,&ast; Xiulong Lou,1 Kun Tian,2 Ronghua Bao,3 Chengliang Wu,1 Hongfeng Ruan1 1Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Hangzhou Fuyang Hospital of TCM Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 4Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hongfeng Ruan; Chengliang Wu, Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, Peopleâs Republic of China, Fax +86 571 86613684, Email rhf@zcmu.edu.cn; wcl@zcmu.edu.cnBackground: Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD) is highly prevalent among the elderly population and stands as a leading cause of low back pain. Our prior studies have highlighted the therapeutic potential of Liuwei Dihuang decoction (LWDHD) and its component Cornus officinalis (CO)-derived compounds in alleviating IVDD and osteoarthritis, suggesting beneficial effects of CO in treating degenerative osteoarthropathies. However, uncertainty remains regarding the optimal CO dosage within LWDHD and its potential mechanism for effectively treating IVDD.Objective: To ascertain the optimal dosage of CO within LWDHD for enhancing its therapeutic efficacy in treating IVDD, through a comparison of its effects across varied dosages using a mouse IVDD model.Methods: Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to a lumbar spine instability surgery to induce an IVDD model and received a modified LWDHD formulation
Published: 2024

27. Lung-Gut Microbiota and Tryptophan Metabolites Changes in Neonatal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Author: Yang,Jingli, He,Yu, Ai,Qing, Liu,Chan, Ruan,Qiqi, Shi,Yuan, Yang,Jingli, He,Yu, Ai,Qing, Liu,Chan, Ruan,Qiqi, and Shi,Yuan
Abstract: Jingli Yang,1â 4 Yu He,1â 5 Qing Ai,1â 4 Chan Liu,1â 4 Qiqi Ruan,1â 4 Yuan Shi1â 4 1Department of Neonatology, Childrenâs Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Childrenâs Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 4Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Childrenâs Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Peopleâs Republic of China; 5Department of Neonatology, Jiangxi Hospital Affiliated to Childrenâs Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Jiangxi, Peopleâs Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yuan Shi, Department of Neonatology, Childrenâs Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, Peopleâs Republic of China, Email shiyuan@hospital.cqmu.edu.cnPurpose: Neonatal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (NARDS) is a severe respiratory crisis threatening neonatal life. We aim to identify changes in the lung-gut microbiota and lung-plasma tryptophan metabolites in NARDS neonates to provide a differentiated tool and aid in finding potential therapeutic targets.Patients and Methods: Lower respiratory secretions, faeces and plasma were collected from 50 neonates including 25 NARDS patients (10 patients with mild NARDS in the NARDS_M group and 15 patients with moderate-to-severe NARDS in the NARDS_S group) and 25 control patients screened based on gestational age, postnatal age and birth weight. Lower airway secretions and feces underwent 16S rRNA gene sequencing to understand the microbial communities in the lung and gut, while lower airway secretions and plasma underwent LC-MS analysis to understand tryptophan metabolites in the lung and blood. Correlation analyses were performed by comparing differences in microbiota and tryptophan metaboli
Published: 2024

28. Lifestyle management of hypertension: International Society of Hypertension position paper endorsed by the World Hypertension League and European Society of Hypertension

Author: Charchar, Fadi J., Prestes, Priscilla R., Mills, Charlotte, Ching, Siew Mooi, Neupane, Dinesh, Marques, Francine Z., Sharman, James E., Vogt, Liffert, Burrell, Louise M., Korostovtseva, Lyudmila, Zec, Manja, Patil, Mansi, Schultz, Martin G., Wallen, Matthew P., Renna, Nicolás F., Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Hiremath, Swapnil, Gyeltshen, Tshewang, Chia, Yook-Chin, Gupta, Abhinav, Schutte, Aletta E., Klein, Britt, Borghi, Claudio, Browning, Colette J., Czesnikiewicz-Guzik, Marta, Lee, Hae-Young, Itoh, Hiroshi, Miura, Katsuyuki, Brunström, Mattias, Campbell, Norm R.C., Akinnibossun, Olutope Arinola, Veerabhadrappa, Praveen, Wainford, Richard D., Kruger, Ruan, Thomas, Shane A., Komori, Takahiro, Ralapanawa, Udaya, Cornelissen, Véronique A., Kapil, Vikas, Li, Yan, Zhang, Yuqing, Jafar, Tazeen H., Khan, Nadia, Williams, Bryan, Stergiou, George, Tomaszewski, MacIej, Charchar, Fadi J., Prestes, Priscilla R., Mills, Charlotte, Ching, Siew Mooi, Neupane, Dinesh, Marques, Francine Z., Sharman, James E., Vogt, Liffert, Burrell, Louise M., Korostovtseva, Lyudmila, Zec, Manja, Patil, Mansi, Schultz, Martin G., Wallen, Matthew P., Renna, Nicolás F., Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Hiremath, Swapnil, Gyeltshen, Tshewang, Chia, Yook-Chin, Gupta, Abhinav, Schutte, Aletta E., Klein, Britt, Borghi, Claudio, Browning, Colette J., Czesnikiewicz-Guzik, Marta, Lee, Hae-Young, Itoh, Hiroshi, Miura, Katsuyuki, Brunström, Mattias, Campbell, Norm R.C., Akinnibossun, Olutope Arinola, Veerabhadrappa, Praveen, Wainford, Richard D., Kruger, Ruan, Thomas, Shane A., Komori, Takahiro, Ralapanawa, Udaya, Cornelissen, Véronique A., Kapil, Vikas, Li, Yan, Zhang, Yuqing, Jafar, Tazeen H., Khan, Nadia, Williams, Bryan, Stergiou, George, and Tomaszewski, MacIej
Abstract: Hypertension, defined as persistently elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) >140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at least 90 mmHg (International Society of Hypertension guidelines), affects over 1.5 billion people worldwide. Hypertension is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events (e.g. coronary heart disease, heart failure and stroke) and death. An international panel of experts convened by the International Society of Hypertension College of Experts compiled lifestyle management recommendations as first-line strategy to prevent and control hypertension in adulthood. We also recommend that lifestyle changes be continued even when blood pressure-lowering medications are prescribed. Specific recommendations based on literature evidence are summarized with advice to start these measures early in life, including maintaining a healthy body weight, increased levels of different types of physical activity, healthy eating and drinking, avoidance and cessation of smoking and alcohol use, management of stress and sleep levels. We also discuss the relevance of specific approaches including consumption of sodium, potassium, sugar, fibre, coffee, tea, intermittent fasting as well as integrated strategies to implement these recommendations using, for example, behaviour change-related technologies and digital tools.
Published: 2024

29. Synthetic community derived from grafted watermelon rhizosphere provides protection for ungrafted watermelon against Fusarium oxysporum via microbial synergistic effects

Author: Qiao, Yizhu, Wang, Zhendong, Sun, Hong, Guo, Hanyue, Song, Yang, Zhang, He, Ruan, Yang, Xu, Qicheng, Huang, Qiwei, Shen, Qirong, Ling, Ning, Qiao, Yizhu, Wang, Zhendong, Sun, Hong, Guo, Hanyue, Song, Yang, Zhang, He, Ruan, Yang, Xu, Qicheng, Huang, Qiwei, Shen, Qirong, and Ling, Ning
Abstract: Background: Plant microbiota contributes to plant growth and health, including enhancing plant resistance to various diseases. Despite remarkable progress in understanding diseases resistance in plants, the precise role of rhizosphere microbiota in enhancing watermelon resistance against soil-borne diseases remains unclear. Here, we constructed a synthetic community (SynCom) of 16 core bacterial strains obtained from the rhizosphere of grafted watermelon plants. We further simplified SynCom and investigated the role of bacteria with synergistic interactions in promoting plant growth through a simple synthetic community. Results: Our results demonstrated that the SynCom significantly enhanced the growth and disease resistance of ungrafted watermelon grown in non-sterile soil. Furthermore, analysis of the amplicon and metagenome data revealed the pivotal role of Pseudomonas in enhancing plant health, as evidenced by a significant increase in the relative abundance and biofilm-forming pathways of Pseudomonas post-SynCom inoculation. Based on in vitro co-culture experiments and bacterial metabolomic analysis, we selected Pseudomonas along with seven other members of the SynCom that exhibited synergistic effects with Pseudomonas. It enabled us to further refine the initially constructed SynCom into a simplified SynCom comprising the eight selected bacterial species. Notably, the plant-promoting effects of simplified SynCom were similar to those of the initial SynCom. Furthermore, the simplified SynCom protected plants through synergistic effects of bacteria. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the SynCom proliferate in the rhizosphere and mitigate soil-borne diseases through microbial synergistic interactions, highlighting the potential of synergistic effects between microorganisms in enhancing plant health. This study provides a novel insight into using the functional SynCom as a promising solution for sustainable agriculture. 6UoEKpA3MAKccxe2Gy9v1zVideo
Published: 2024

30. Effect of Steel Fibers on Frost Resistance of Phosphogypsum Concrete

Author: Chen, Changbing, Sun, Yulin, Song, Jinzhao, Ruan, Tingyu, Chen, Changbing, Sun, Yulin, Song, Jinzhao, and Ruan, Tingyu
Abstract: Phosphogypsum concrete is a new kind of green and low-carbon building material, but its mechanical properties and frost resistance are worse than of standard concrete. In order to improve the durability of phosphogypsum concrete, a certain amount of steel fiber is considered. Using C40 phosphogypsum concrete as matrix, the effect of steel fiber on the freeze-thaw performance of phosphogypsum concrete was studied by adding different proportions of steel fiber. Through the orthogonal test of the antifreeze performance data of steel fiber and phosphogypsum concrete with different content ratio, it is concluded that the concrete with steel fiber content of 1.5% and phosphogypsum replacement rate of 60% has better antifreeze performance, and steel fiber can significantly reduce the freeze-thaw damage of phosphogypsum concrete. The test results show that the anti-cracking effect and anti-freezing property of phosphogypsum concrete are obviously enhanced when steel fiber is added to the concrete. The research results can provide reference for the application of steel fiber phosphogypsum concrete in construction projects in cold and frozen areas.
Published: 2024

31. THE THREE CAMPS OF WHERE THE CONSCIOUSNESS ARISE

Author: Ruan, Zenan and Ruan, Zenan
Published: 2024

32. A Robust and Secure Data Access Scheme for Satellite-Assisted Internet of Things With Content Adaptive Addressing

Author: Ruan, Zhiqiang, Yang, Xu, Luo, Haibo, Yang, Xuechao, Miao, Yuan, Huang, Xinyi, Yi, Xun, Ruan, Zhiqiang, Yang, Xu, Luo, Haibo, Yang, Xuechao, Miao, Yuan, Huang, Xinyi, and Yi, Xun
Abstract: This article investigates data communication and access control in satellite-assisted Internet of Things (IoT). In particular, given the characteristics of an open communication environment, a multilayer heterogeneous network, and a time-varying topology in the space-air-ground-sea integrated network (SAGSIN), traditional data communication and security mechanisms built upon the TCP/IP architecture may not fully leverage their potential. Current networks are primarily responsible for end-to-end transmission of binary data, lacking the capability to semantically perceive and handle dynamic and decentralized content. This leads to significant performance gaps in the network. In other words, it is better to retrieve expected information directly from the network and perform content protection on it with low dependency. We propose data access scheme with robust and secure content communication (DARS), a data access scheme with robust and secure content communication for Satellite-assisted IoT (S-IoT), leveraging the architectural benefits of content centric networks and rich attributes of IoT. DARS enables automatic data retrieval and access control without additional mechanisms, such as online certificate distribution, homogeneous network, and other presuppositions, which facilitates DARS to be applied in various environments. Additionally, DARS integrates a combination of techniques, including semantic representation, cryptographic technologies, and content caching, from a network-centric perspective. Theoretical analysis and experimental simulations show that DARS simplifies system operations and offers a viable solution for satellite-assisted IoT-based applications.
Published: 2024

33. Towards interdisciplinary integration of electrical engineering and earth science

Author: Ruan, Jiaqi, Xu, Zhao, Su, Hui, Ruan, Jiaqi, Xu, Zhao, and Su, Hui
Published: 2024

34. Magneto-optical trap reaction microscope for photoionization of cold strontium atoms

Author: Ruan, Shushu, Yu, Xinglong, Shen, Zhenjie, Wang, Xincheng, Liu, Jie, Wu, Zhixian, Tan, Canzhu, Chen, Peng, Yan, Tian-Min, Ren, Xueguang, Weidemüller, Matthias, Zhu, Bing, Jiang, Yuhai, Ruan, Shushu, Yu, Xinglong, Shen, Zhenjie, Wang, Xincheng, Liu, Jie, Wu, Zhixian, Tan, Canzhu, Chen, Peng, Yan, Tian-Min, Ren, Xueguang, Weidemüller, Matthias, Zhu, Bing, and Jiang, Yuhai
Abstract: We developed a magneto-optical trap reaction microscope (MOTREMI) for strontium atoms by combining multiparticle coincident detection with the laser cooling technique. The present compact injection system enables the production of cold Sr atoms in three modes of two-dimensional (2D) magneto-optical trap (MOT) beam, molasses, and three-dimensional (3D) MOT, providing adjustable densities and ratios of the ground state 5s2 (S01) and the excited states 5s5p1P1 and PJ3. The target profiles including temperature, density, and size of the 3D MOT as well as the 2D MOT beam cold atomic flux were characterized in detail. Using the present setup, we investigate the single photoionization of Sr atoms with molasses through few-photons absorption in 800 nm, where Sr+ and e- are detected in coincidence and most of the ionization channels are identified. The momentum resolution for coincident Sr+ and e- along time-of-flight direction are achieved up to 0.12 a.u. and 0.02 a.u., respectively. The spectra of photoelectron ionized from the ground state as well as several excited states show distinct structures manifesting prominent contributions from multiphoton absorption. Detecting complete vector momenta of electrons and recoil ions in coincidence paves a way for further investigation of two-electron correlation dynamics and multielectron effects with alkaline-earth atoms. © 2024 American Physical Society.
Published: 2024

35. VIOLET: Visual Analytics for Explainable Quantum Neural Networks

Author: Ruan, Shaolun, Liang, Zhiding, Guan, Qiang, Griffin, Paul, Wen, Xiaolin, Lin, Yanna, Wang, Yong, Ruan, Shaolun, Liang, Zhiding, Guan, Qiang, Griffin, Paul, Wen, Xiaolin, Lin, Yanna, and Wang, Yong
Abstract: With the rapid development of Quantum Machine Learning, quantum neural networks (QNN) have experienced great advancement in the past few years, harnessing the advantages of quantum computing to significantly speed up classical machine learning tasks. Despite their increasing popularity, the quantum neural network is quite counter-intuitive and difficult to understand, due to their unique quantum-specific layers (e.g., data encoding and measurement) in their architecture. It prevents QNN users and researchers from effectively understanding its inner workings and exploring the model training status. To fill the research gap, we propose VIOLET, a novel visual analytics approach to improve the explainability of quantum neural networks. Guided by the design requirements distilled from the interviews with domain experts and the literature survey, we developed three visualization views: the Encoder View unveils the process of converting classical input data into quantum states, the Ansatz View reveals the temporal evolution of quantum states in the training process, and the Feature View displays the features a QNN has learned after the training process. Two novel visual designs, i.e., satellite chart and augmented heatmap, are proposed to visually explain the variational parameters and quantum circuit measurements respectively. We evaluate VIOLET through two case studies and in-depth interviews with 12 domain experts. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and usability of VIOLET in helping QNN users and developers intuitively understand and explore quantum neural networks. IEEE
Published: 2024

36. MIPI 2024 Challenge on Few-shot RAW Image Denoising: Methods and Results

Author: Jin, Xin, Guo, Chunle, Li, Xiaoming, Yue, Zongsheng, Li, Chongyi, Zhou, Shangchen, Feng, Ruicheng, Dai, Yuekun, Yang, Peiqing, Loy, Chen Change, Li, Ruoqi, Liu, Chang, Wang, Ziyi, Du, Yao, Yang, Jingjing, Bao, Long, Sun, Heng, Kong, Xiangyu, Xing, Xiaoxia, Wu, Jinlong, Xue, Yuanyang, Park, Hyunhee, Song, Sejun, Kim, Changho, Tan, Jingfan, Luo, Wenhan, Liu, Zikun, Qiao, Mingde, Jiang, Junjun, Jiang, Kui, Xiao, Yao, Sun, Chuyang, Hu, Jinhui, Ruan, Weijian, Dong, Yubo, Chen, Kai, Jo, Hyejeong, Qin, Jiahao, Han, Bingjie, Qin, Pinle, Chai, Rui, Wang, Pengyuan, Jin, Xin, Guo, Chunle, Li, Xiaoming, Yue, Zongsheng, Li, Chongyi, Zhou, Shangchen, Feng, Ruicheng, Dai, Yuekun, Yang, Peiqing, Loy, Chen Change, Li, Ruoqi, Liu, Chang, Wang, Ziyi, Du, Yao, Yang, Jingjing, Bao, Long, Sun, Heng, Kong, Xiangyu, Xing, Xiaoxia, Wu, Jinlong, Xue, Yuanyang, Park, Hyunhee, Song, Sejun, Kim, Changho, Tan, Jingfan, Luo, Wenhan, Liu, Zikun, Qiao, Mingde, Jiang, Junjun, Jiang, Kui, Xiao, Yao, Sun, Chuyang, Hu, Jinhui, Ruan, Weijian, Dong, Yubo, Chen, Kai, Jo, Hyejeong, Qin, Jiahao, Han, Bingjie, Qin, Pinle, Chai, Rui, and Wang, Pengyuan
Abstract: The increasing demand for computational photography and imaging on mobile platforms has led to the widespread development and integration of advanced image sensors with novel algorithms in camera systems. However, the scarcity of high-quality data for research and the rare opportunity for in-depth exchange of views from industry and academia constrain the development of mobile intelligent photography and imaging (MIPI). Building on the achievements of the previous MIPI Workshops held at ECCV 2022 and CVPR 2023, we introduce our third MIPI challenge including three tracks focusing on novel image sensors and imaging algorithms. In this paper, we summarize and review the Few-shot RAW Image Denoising track on MIPI 2024. In total, 165 participants were successfully registered, and 7 teams submitted results in the final testing phase. The developed solutions in this challenge achieved state-of-the-art performance on Few-shot RAW Image Denoising. More details of this challenge and the link to the dataset can be found at https://mipichallenge.org/MIPI2024.
Published: 2024

37. Control of Micropollutants in Water by Far-UVC Photolysis of Peracetic Acid

Author: Yin, Ran, Ruan, Xinyi, Peng, Jiadong, Zhao, Jing, Zhang, Yuliang, Heuzard, Arnaud Guillaume, Shang, Chii, Yin, Ran, Ruan, Xinyi, Peng, Jiadong, Zhao, Jing, Zhang, Yuliang, Heuzard, Arnaud Guillaume, and Shang, Chii
Abstract: Increasing radical yields to reduce energy consumption for micropollutant degradation would make advanced oxidation processes more sustainable in the context of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals and carbon neutrality. We herein demonstrate that switching the UV radiation source from conventional low-pressure UV (UV254) to far-UVC (UV222) increases the UV fluence-based concentration of hydroxyl radicals (HO•) in the UV/peracetic acid (UV/PAA) process by 4.1-fold and 27.9-fold in deionized water and real surface water, respectively. Acetyloxyl radicals (CH3C(O)O•) are generated in the UV222/PAA process at a steady-state concentration of 2.4 × 10–12 M in deionized water, while they are undetectable in the UV254/PAA process under the comparable conditions. The enhancement to radical production is mainly attributed to the 15.7-fold higher molar absorption coefficients of PAA0 at 222 nm than 254 nm (50 vs 3.5 M–1 cm–1), which suppresses the compromised 1.1-fold lower innate quantum yield at 222 nm than 254 nm (0.78 vs 0.86 mol einstein–1). The enhanced radical generation and direct photolysis promote the fluence-based degradation rate constants of bisphenol A, phenol, and nitrobenzene by 4.1-fold, 3.3-fold, and 2.9-fold in the UV222/PAA process than the UV254/PAA process.
Published: 2024

38. Non-extremal Island in de Sitter Gravity

Author: Hao, Peng-Xiang, Kawamoto, Taishi, Ruan, Shan-Ming, Takayanagi, Tadashi, Hao, Peng-Xiang, Kawamoto, Taishi, Ruan, Shan-Ming, and Takayanagi, Tadashi
Abstract: This paper investigates the challenges and resolutions in computing the entanglement entropy for the quantum field theory coupled to de Sitter (dS) gravity along a timelike boundary. The conventional island formula, originally designed to calculate the fine-grained entropy for a non-gravitational system coupled to anti-de Sitter (AdS) gravity, encounters difficulties in de Sitter gravitational spacetime, failing to provide a physically plausible extremal island. To overcome these problems, we introduce a doubly holographic model by embedding a dS$_2$ braneworld in an AdS$_3$ bulk spacetime. This approach facilitates the computation of entanglement entropy through holographic correlation functions, effectively circumventing the constraints of the island formula. We demonstrate that the correct recipe for calculating entanglement entropy with dS gravity involves the non-extremal island, whose boundary is instead defined at the edge of the dS gravitational region. Our findings indicate that, during the island phase, the entanglement wedge of the non-gravitational bath includes the entire dS gravitational space. Using the second variation formula, we further show that the existence of a locally minimal surface anchored on the gravitational brane is intrinsically linked to the extrinsic curvature of the brane., Comment: 64 pages, 20 figures; v2:added an important reference
Published: 2024

39. Double Holography of Entangled Universes

Author: Myers, Robert C., Ruan, Shan-Ming, Ugajin, Tomonori, Myers, Robert C., Ruan, Shan-Ming, and Ugajin, Tomonori
Abstract: We employ double holography to examine a system of two entangled gravitating universes that live on two codimension-one branes in an asymptotically AdS$_3$ spacetime with two disjoint conformal boundaries. There are distinct brane configurations depending on the temperature of the thermofield double (TFD) state between the left and right systems. The topology transition between two branes is naturally identified with the emergence of an Einstein-Rosen bridge connecting the two entangled universes. This doubly holographic construction offers a holographic perspective on gravitational collapse and black hole formation in brane universes. Through this holographic framework, we analyze the quantum information structure of the two gravitating universes. Specifically, we calculate the mutual information between defects present in the boundary theories on the left and right sides. Furthermore, we investigate the decoupling process in the Hayden-Preskill protocol applied to the two copies of the defect field theory and discuss the interpretation of the Yoshida-Kitaev decoding protocol., Comment: 66 pages + 3 appendices, many figures
Published: 2024

40. Complexity Equals (Almost) Anything

Author: Myers, Robert C., Ruan, Shan-Ming, Myers, Robert C., and Ruan, Shan-Ming
Abstract: Recent investigations [arXiv:2111.02429][arXiv:2210.09647][arXiv:2304.05453] have introduced an infinite class of novel gravitational observables in Asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) space that reside on codimension-one or -zero regions of the bulk spacetime. These observables encompass well-established holographic complexity measures such as the maximum volume of the extremal hypersurfaces and the action or spacetime volume of the Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) patch. Furthermore, this family of observables exhibits two universal properties when applied to the thermofield double (TFD) state: they exhibit linear growth at late times and faithfully reproduce the switchback effect. This implies that any observable from this class has the potential to serve as a gravitational dual for the circuit complexity of boundary states., Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures; a brief review of three papers; contribution to the proceedings volume of Gravity, Strings and Fields - A Conference in Honour of Gordon Semenoff
Published: 2024

41. Unsolvability of the quintic polynomial

Author: Jinhao, Ruan, Nguyen, Fredrik, Jinhao, Ruan, and Nguyen, Fredrik
Abstract: This work explores the unsolvability of the general quintic equation through the lens of Galois theory. We begin by providing a historical perspective on the problem. This starts with the solution of the general cubic equation derived by Italian mathematicians. We then move on to Lagrange's insights on the importance of studying the permutations of roots. Finally, we discuss the critical contributions of Évariste Galois, who connected the solvability of polynomials to the properties of permutation groups. Central to our thesis is the introduction and motivation of key concepts such as fields, solvable groups, Galois groups, Galois extensions, and radical extensions. We rigorously develop the theory that connects the solvability of a polynomial to the solvability of its Galois group. After developing this theoretical framework, we go on to show that there exist quintic polynomials with Galois groups that are isomorphic to the symmetric group S5. Given that S5 is not a solvable group, we establish that the general quintic polynomial is not solvable by radicals. Our work aims to provide a comprehensive and intuitive understanding of the deep connections between polynomial equations and abstract algebra.
Published: 2024

42. Optimization of geometric measures of sets of moving objects

Author: Li, Ben (Computer Science), Kirkland, Steve (Mathematics), Bose, Prosenjit (Carleton University), Durocher, Stephane, Penha Costa, Ikaro Ruan, Li, Ben (Computer Science), Kirkland, Steve (Mathematics), Bose, Prosenjit (Carleton University), Durocher, Stephane, and Penha Costa, Ikaro Ruan
Abstract: Given a set S of objects, each moving with linear motion in R^d, consider the diameter D(S, t) of S at time t. In this thesis we explore optimization of extent and proximity measures of S. For instance, one possibility is to identify minimum diameter D(S, t) of S over the domain of time t. D(S, t) is an example of a measure of extent of S. On the basis of this model, other geometric measures could also be explored to be optimized for sets of objects in motion. Let n be the cardinality of S and let M(S, t) be a geometric measure of extent or proximity at time t. Given an integer k, select a subset Q ⊂ S such that |Q| = k and Q has extreme measure M(Q, t) over all possible subsets Q of cardinality k. The present thesis focuses on minimizing and maximizing M(Q, t), in one and two dimensions (d = 1 or d = 2), for which the measure corresponds to set diameter, set width, minimum axis-aligned bounding box, and minimum enclosing disk. For each measure, exact polynomial-time algorithms are proposed for selecting an optimal subset of S and finding the time t of which the subset optimizes the measure.
Published: 2024

43. Proteomic insights into modifiable risk of venous thromboembolism and cardiovascular comorbidities

Author: Yuan, Shuai, Xu, Fengzhe, Zhang, Han, Chen, Jie, Ruan, Xixian, Li, Yuying, Burgess, Stephen, Akesson, Agneta, Li, Xue, Gill, Dipender, Larsson, Susanna C., Yuan, Shuai, Xu, Fengzhe, Zhang, Han, Chen, Jie, Ruan, Xixian, Li, Yuying, Burgess, Stephen, Akesson, Agneta, Li, Xue, Gill, Dipender, and Larsson, Susanna C.
Abstract: Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been associated with several modifiable factors (MFs) and cardiovascular comorbidities. However, the mechanisms are largely unknown. Objectives: We aimed to decipher proteomic pathways underlying the associations of VTE with MFs and cardiovascular comorbidities. Methods: A 2-stage network Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to explore the associations between 15 MFs, 1151 blood proteins, and VTE using data from a genome-wide meta-analysis including 81 190 cases of VTE. We used protein data from 35 559 individuals as the discovery analysis, and from 2 independent studies including 10 708 and 54 219 participants as the replication analyses. Based on the identified proteins, we assessed the druggability and examined the cardiovascular pleiotropy. Results: The network Mendelian randomization analyses identified 10 MF-VTE, 86 MF-protein, and 34 protein-VTE associations. These associations were overall consistent in the replication analyses. Thirty-eight pathways with directionally consistent direct and indirect effects in the MF-protein-VTE pathway were identified. Lowdensity lipoprotein receptor-related protein 12 (LRP12: 34.3%-58.1%) and coagulation factor (F)XI (20.6%-39.6%) mediated most of the associations between 3 obesity indicators and VTE. Likewise, coagulation FXI mediated most of the smoking-VTE association (40%; 95% CI, 20%-60%) and insomnia-VTE association (27%; 95% CI, 5%49%). Many VTE-associated proteins were highly druggable for thrombotic conditions. 1, and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4) were associated with VTE and its cardiovascular comorbidities. Conclusion: This study suggests that coagulation FXI, a druggable target, is an important mediator of the associations of obesity, smoking, and insomnia with VTE risk.
Published: 2024
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44. Sedentary lifestyle, physical activity, and gastrointestinal diseases : evidence from mendelian randomization analysis

Author: Chen, Jie, Ruan, Xixian, Fu, Tian, Lu, Shiyuan, Gill, Dipender, He, Zixuan, Burgess, Stephen, Giovannucci, Edward L., Larsson, Susanna C., Deng, Minzi, Yuan, Shuai, Li, Xue, Chen, Jie, Ruan, Xixian, Fu, Tian, Lu, Shiyuan, Gill, Dipender, He, Zixuan, Burgess, Stephen, Giovannucci, Edward L., Larsson, Susanna C., Deng, Minzi, Yuan, Shuai, and Li, Xue
Abstract: Background: The causal associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with the risk of gastrointestinal disease are unclear. We performed a Mendelian randomization analysis to examine these associations. Methods: Genetic instruments associated with leisure screen time (LST, an indicator of a sedentary lifestyle) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) at the genome-wide significance (P < 5 x 10-8) level were selected from a genome-wide association study. Summary statistics for gastrointestinal diseases were obtained from the UK Biobank study, the FinnGen study, and large consortia. Multivariable MR analyses were conducted for genetically determined LST with adjustment for MVPA and vice versa. We also performed multivariable MR with adjustment for genetically proxied smoking, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, type 2 diabetes, and fasting insulin for both exposures. Findings: Genetically proxied longer LST was associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal reflux, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, chronic gastritis, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticular disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, cholangitis, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and acute appendicitis. Most associations remained after adjustment for genetic liability to MVPA. Genetic liability to MVPA was associated with decreased risk of gastroesophageal reflux, gastric ulcer, chronic gastritis, irritable bowel syndrome, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, acute and chronic pancreatitis. The associations attenuated albeit directionally remained after adjusting for genetically predicted LST. Multivariable MR analysis found that BMI and type 2 diabetes mediated the associations of LST and MVPA with several gastrointestinal diseases. Interpretation: The study suggests that a sedentary lifestyle may play a causal role in the development of many gastrointestinal disea
Published: 2024
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45. Pv-load matching based on combination of different consumers : A case study in Swedish contexts

Author: Ruan, Tianqi, Topel, Monika, Padovani, Filippo, Wang, Wujun, Laumert, Björn, Ruan, Tianqi, Topel, Monika, Padovani, Filippo, Wang, Wujun, and Laumert, Björn
Abstract: The transition towards sustainability necessitates robust growth of renewable energy, especially solar power. However, increasing the shares of solar power may lead to mismatch of electricity supply and demand, thus worse solar power performance could be received due to lower self-consumption and self-sufficiency. This issue has attracted more attention recently as it also requires additional costs for controlling and battery integration. This study combines several load profiles from consumers having different behaviors with different proportions to find out the optimal shares with higher level of PV penetration and self-sufficiency. A visualizing matching layout is proposed to present the PV-load matching level of all the possibilities at different seasons based on a Swedish context. It is found an 8% improvement of self-sufficiency reaching 70% in summer without additional equipment and scarification of self-consumption. The results could assist in the design and planning of the future power sector. Regarding specific targets, various optimal solutions could be found based on the layout., QC 20240919
Published: 2024
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46. Experiments and design of a kirigami-based multi-stage energy absorption structure subjected to axial impact

Author: Ruan, Baofeng, Zhang, Lele, Dou, Weiyuan, Zhang, Ding, Stichel, Sebastian, Ruan, Baofeng, Zhang, Lele, Dou, Weiyuan, Zhang, Ding, and Stichel, Sebastian
Abstract: As a typical energy-absorbing structure, the thin-walled structure dissipates impact energy through the formation of plastic hinges and material failure. The geometric configuration of the energy-absorbing structure deeply influences its response to impact loads. For a certain load curve required by collision scenarios, this study proposes a novel design method for approximating a continuous impact load curve with discretized ones. Based on kirigami structures, the conceptual framework integrates multi-module and multi-stage designs to regulate segmental stiffness through theoretical analysis, thereby achieving the desired curve approximation. The effectiveness of the proposed kirigami-based multi-stage energy absorption structure (KMS) is validated by drop-weight impact tests and numerical simulations. Findings demonstrate that the KMS effectively dissipates impact energy in a progressive manner, aligning with the desired load curve and inducing stable and orderly structural deformation under axial impact. Through appropriate parameter design, the deformation mode and the inducing effect of the kirigami structure can be managed, enabling the structure's adaptability to diverse collision scenarios., QC 20240506
Published: 2024
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47. A Horizon-Based Decomposition of Mutual Fund Value Added Using Transactions

Author: van Binsbergen, Jules, Han, Jungsuk, Ruan, Hongxun, Xing, Ran, van Binsbergen, Jules, Han, Jungsuk, Ruan, Hongxun, and Xing, Ran
Abstract: We decompose mutual fund value added by the length of funds' holdings using transaction-level data. We motivate our decomposition with a model featuring horizon-specific investment ideas, where short-term ideas are less scalable because the associated trades cannot be spread over time. Fund turnover correlates negatively with the horizon over which value is added and positively with price impact costs. As predicted, holdings of high-turnover funds add a substantial amount of value in the first two weeks, of which more than 80% is earned on Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) and earnings announcement days. Holdings of low-turnover funds add value only over longer horizons.
Published: 2024
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48. Integrated image-based deep learning and language models for primary diabetes care

Author: Li, J, Guan, Z, Wang, J, Cheung, CY, Zheng, Y, Lim, L-L, Lim, CC, Ruamviboonsuk, P, Raman, R, Corsino, L, Echouffo-Tcheugui, JB, Luk, AOY, Chen, LJ, Sun, X, Hamzah, H, Wu, Q, Wang, X, Liu, R, Wang, YX, Chen, T, Zhang, X, Yang, X, Yin, J, Wan, J, Du, W, Quek, TC, Goh, JHL, Yang, D, Hu, X, Nguyen, TX, Szeto, SKH, Chotcomwongse, P, Malek, R, Normatova, N, Ibragimova, N, Srinivasan, R, Zhong, P, Huang, W, Deng, C, Ruan, L, Zhang, C, Zhou, Y, Wu, C, Dai, R, Koh, SWC, Abdullah, A, Hee, NKY, Tan, HC, Liew, ZH, Tien, CS-Y, Kao, SL, Lim, AYL, Mok, SF, Sun, L, Gu, J, Wu, L, Li, T, Cheng, D, Wang, Z, Qin, Y, Dai, L, Meng, Z, Shu, J, Lu, Y, Jiang, N, Hu, T, Huang, S, Huang, G, Yu, S, Liu, D, Ma, W, Guo, M, Guan, X, Bascaran, C, Cleland, CR, Bao, Y, Ekinci, EI, Jenkins, A, Chan, JCN, Bee, YM, Sivaprasad, S, Shaw, JE, Simo, R, Keane, PA, Cheng, C-Y, Tan, GSW, Jia, W, Tham, Y-C, Li, H, Sheng, B, Wong, TY, Li, J, Guan, Z, Wang, J, Cheung, CY, Zheng, Y, Lim, L-L, Lim, CC, Ruamviboonsuk, P, Raman, R, Corsino, L, Echouffo-Tcheugui, JB, Luk, AOY, Chen, LJ, Sun, X, Hamzah, H, Wu, Q, Wang, X, Liu, R, Wang, YX, Chen, T, Zhang, X, Yang, X, Yin, J, Wan, J, Du, W, Quek, TC, Goh, JHL, Yang, D, Hu, X, Nguyen, TX, Szeto, SKH, Chotcomwongse, P, Malek, R, Normatova, N, Ibragimova, N, Srinivasan, R, Zhong, P, Huang, W, Deng, C, Ruan, L, Zhang, C, Zhou, Y, Wu, C, Dai, R, Koh, SWC, Abdullah, A, Hee, NKY, Tan, HC, Liew, ZH, Tien, CS-Y, Kao, SL, Lim, AYL, Mok, SF, Sun, L, Gu, J, Wu, L, Li, T, Cheng, D, Wang, Z, Qin, Y, Dai, L, Meng, Z, Shu, J, Lu, Y, Jiang, N, Hu, T, Huang, S, Huang, G, Yu, S, Liu, D, Ma, W, Guo, M, Guan, X, Bascaran, C, Cleland, CR, Bao, Y, Ekinci, EI, Jenkins, A, Chan, JCN, Bee, YM, Sivaprasad, S, Shaw, JE, Simo, R, Keane, PA, Cheng, C-Y, Tan, GSW, Jia, W, Tham, Y-C, Li, H, Sheng, B, and Wong, TY
Abstract: Primary diabetes care and diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening persist as major public health challenges due to a shortage of trained primary care physicians (PCPs), particularly in low-resource settings. Here, to bridge the gaps, we developed an integrated image-language system (DeepDR-LLM), combining a large language model (LLM module) and image-based deep learning (DeepDR-Transformer), to provide individualized diabetes management recommendations to PCPs. In a retrospective evaluation, the LLM module demonstrated comparable performance to PCPs and endocrinology residents when tested in English and outperformed PCPs and had comparable performance to endocrinology residents in Chinese. For identifying referable DR, the average PCP's accuracy was 81.0% unassisted and 92.3% assisted by DeepDR-Transformer. Furthermore, we performed a single-center real-world prospective study, deploying DeepDR-LLM. We compared diabetes management adherence of patients under the unassisted PCP arm (n = 397) with those under the PCP+DeepDR-LLM arm (n = 372). Patients with newly diagnosed diabetes in the PCP+DeepDR-LLM arm showed better self-management behaviors throughout follow-up (P < 0.05). For patients with referral DR, those in the PCP+DeepDR-LLM arm were more likely to adhere to DR referrals (P < 0.01). Additionally, DeepDR-LLM deployment improved the quality and empathy level of management recommendations. Given its multifaceted performance, DeepDR-LLM holds promise as a digital solution for enhancing primary diabetes care and DR screening.
Published: 2024

49. A Wide Beamwidth and Multilinear Polarized Dielectric Resonator Antenna

Author: Zhang, Z, Liu, Y, Peng, Y, Ruan, X, Chen, SL, Zhang, Z, Liu, Y, Peng, Y, Ruan, X, and Chen, SL
Abstract: In this letter, a wide beamwidth and multilinear polarized dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is developed. To achieve these attractive performances, a reconfigurable feed slot is initially designed with a number of p-i-n diodes. It provides multiple linearly polarized (LP) states at the operating frequency, with its radiation being equivalent to that of a magnetic dipole. The higher-order hybrid electromagnetic (HEM) mode HEM113 is excited inside a cylindrical dielectric resonator (DR), which generates equivalent electric-dipole radiation. By appropriately combining these two complementary dipoles, the half power beamwidths (HPBWs) in both main planes are significantly enhanced. Moreover, the integration of the two symmetrical structures ensures consistently high-performance wide beamwidths for all the reconfigurable LP states. A prototype DRA was designed and manufactured to validate the idea. The measured results confirm that it achieves eight LP states and the maximum E-plane and H-plane HPBWs are 134° and 151°, respectively. This marks the first time that achieves simultaneous wide beamwidths and multiple switching LPs.
Published: 2024

50. Realization of Low Profile and Reconfigurable Multi-Linear Polarization States for Cavity-Backed Magneto-Electric Dipole Antenna

Author: Peng, Y, Chen, SL, Zhang, W, Ruan, X, Liu, H, Liu, Y, Peng, Y, Chen, SL, Zhang, W, Ruan, X, Liu, H, and Liu, Y
Abstract: A low profile multiple linear-polarization ( multi-LP) reconfigurable cavity-backed magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna is developed in this letter. The magnetic-dipole (M-dipole) is realized by a TM$_{020}$-mode slotted substrate-integrated cavity, and the electric-dipole (E-dipole) is the printed microstrip dipole coupled above the slotted cavity. By introducing a rotationally symmetrical configuration of ME dipoles with switchable feeding networks, we have realized the reconfigurable multi-LP states for the cavity-based ME-dipole antenna. As a benefit of the dipole-loaded slotted cavity configuration, the antenna profile is only $0.09\lambda _{0}$, which is much lower than conventional reconfigurable ME dipole antennas. The developed antenna is capable of switching eight LP states at a $22.5^{\circ }$ interval in real time by electronically controlling PIN diodes loaded on the slotted cavity. Measured results agree well with the simulated ones. At the center frequency of 5.04 GHz, a measured maximum gain of 4.46 dB is obtained for all polarization states. It is the first time to achieve simultaneous multi-LPs and low profile for ME-dipole antenna.
Published: 2024

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