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This work discusses the difficulties and the possible pathways to set a translation critic on The Little Prince translation into Libras carried out by the project Accessibility on Public Libraries from the Brazilian Federal Government. We sought to answer the following questions: Which criteria could be followed in order to discuss a translation critic concerning sign language? What are the difficulties involved in this process? According to Berman’s (1995) perspective of reflexive analysis and considering the comparison and contrasting of the original work with its translation, we sought to develop considerations that concerned more than just an attribution of value to the translator’s work. The process of constructing the critic was observed in order to infer the difficulties on how to discuss criticism on Libras works and that questions can also be a guide for the analysis. We have concluded that the critic faces issues when it comes to the register support of the work, and also that this is a young literary system. It is established that analyzing how the translations are allocated concerning other works in Libras is important so that the discussions about this literary polysystem can be solidified as a study area., O presente trabalho discute as dificuldades e os possíveis caminhos ao construir a crítica da tradução de O Pequeno Príncipe para a Libras realizada pelo projeto Acessibilidade em Bibliotecas Públicas (ABP) do governo federal brasileiro. Busca-se responder às seguintes perguntas: Que critérios podem ser seguidos para construir uma crítica de uma tradução para a língua de sinais? Que dificuldades estão envolvidas neste processo? Seguindo a perspectiva de análise reflexiva de Berman (1995), se buscou desenvolver, por meio do escrutínio da tradução em questão e do cotejo entre ela e o seu original, ponderações que fossem mais do que somente uma atribuição de valor ao trabalho do tradutor. O processo de construção da crítica foi então observado a fim de inferir as dificuldades de criticar obras em Libras e que parâmetros podem funcionar como guia para a análise. Concluiu-se que o crítico enfrenta questões ligadas ao registro em vídeo e ao fato de o sistema literário da Libras ser ainda jovem. E, ainda, que analisar a maneira como as traduções se alocam frente às demais obras em Libras é importante para que as discussões sobre esse polissistema literário se consolidem como área de estudo.

This article describes an efficient and facile synthesis of 11 2,4,6-trisubstituted 5-cyanopyrimidines starting from meta- and para-substituted 2-cyanocinnamonitriles and arylamidines. The synthesized heterocycles, 3a–k, were characterized by infrared (IR), 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectral data. The probable mechanism of formation of the title compounds employing 2-cyanocinnamonitriles and arylamidines in the presence of a base was clarified. A preliminary screening of the antibacterial tests clearly showed that 4 out of 11 pyrimidines, 3a, 3e, 3f, and 3k, were effective against bacteria Staphyloccus aureus, Bacillus subtillis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Further, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against the bacteria has been determined.

The effect of different types of energy feeding (sugar syrup, inverted sugar and juice of sugar-cane) on beeswax production and its economic feasibility are evaluated. Twenty beehives of Africanized Apis mellifera were selected, and five were used for each type of feeding. The treatments were T1 (sugar-cane juice), T2 (sugar syrup) and T3 (inverted sugar). Feedings was provided by Boardman feeders and the amount was adjusted according to consumption. A layer of beeswax was manually set up into the honeybee nest and beeswax built area was measured weekly. Total reducing sugar, calorimetry, dry matter and ashes of all feedings were analyzed. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with Tukey’s test to determine differences among averages. The average consumption of inverted sugar was significantly lower than that of other treatments. The highest beeswax production average occurred in the sugar syrup treatment. The highest average of ashes, dry matter and reducing sugar occurred, respectively, in sugar-cane juice, inverted sugar and sugar syrup. Sugar syrup may be an alternative energy source for beeswax production, although sugar-cane juice may be more profitable.

The Rufous Casiornis, Casiornis rufus (Vielliot, 1916), is widespread in central South America, reaching its southernmost distribution in northern Argentina and Uruguay. Here we present the first nine records of the species for Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil. The records were documented with photographs and consisted mostly of lone individuals observed in riparian forests inserted in a matrix of grasslands and rice fields. The Rufous Casiornis apparently occurs in very low densities in the region. More observations are needed to elucidate its status of occurrence in Rio Grande do Sul.

The pollen spectrum of propolis is a good indicative of the phytogeographical origin of the bee product and the local flora available for bee visiting. The present study aimed to perform pollen analysis of propolis produced by Apis mellifera L., in the São Paulo State, Brazil. Propolis samples were directly obtained from beekeepers and slides were prepared for qualitative and quantitative analysis of pollen after propolis extraction. According to the results twenty-eight types of pollen were found and distributed in fifteen botanical families. Pollens from Mimosoideae and Myrtaceae types were found in all samples. In São Paulo State, there is a wide variety of vegetal sources which are components of the final propolis composition.

The increasing demand for propolis has caused a raise in its production. However, an increasingly pesticide-dependent agriculture is a great concern with regard to bees, their produce and environmental contamination. Current analysis evaluates the presence of pesticides (organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates, herbicides, fungicides and acaricides) in samples of propolis from the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Beekeepers from several localities in the state provided samples of propolis (50), which were collected, stored in non-toxic plastic bags and maintained in a freezer for analyses. Possible pesticide residues were examined by gas chromatography method but no pesticide residues were detected in the examined propolis samples. Propolis analyzed in the state of São Paulo did not show any pesticide contamination.

This writing reflects the necessity to limit the administrative discretionarity. This article preaches the precepts of the Minimum Discretionarity Theory. Also brings the newest theory of separation of powers, framing the politic judicialization as a necessary process to the attainment of fundamental directs. So, this script concludes that, not being adopted the more profitable decision, the Efficiency and Legality Principles will be injured, even as the Fundamental Rights to Good Administration, having the Judiciary authorization to control the emanated administrative act. In conclusion, the article deals with the Theory of the Minimum Discretionarity in environmental law., O presente escrito realiza uma reflexão sobre a necessidade de limitação da discricionariedade administrativa, visto que não é aceitável a manutenção de ato administrativo. O artigo prega os preceitos da Teoria da Discricionariedade Mínima. Traz também a mais nova teoria de separação dos poderes, enquadrando a judicialização da política como processo necessário à consecução dos direitos fundamentais. Desse modo, o presente trabalho conclui que não sendo adotada a decisão mais proveitosa restariam feridos os Princípios da Eficiência e da Legalidade, assim como o Direito Fundamental à Boa Administração Pública, estando o Judiciário autorizado a realizar o controle do ato administrativo emanado. Por fim, o artigo reflete sobre a discricionariedade mínima no direito ambiental.

A participação de Alberto Passos Guimarães e Caio Prado Júnior no debate brasileirosobre a questão agrária esteve marcada, no começo da década de 1960, pela busca doentendimento e da compreensão dos impasses e empecilhos que a estrutura fundiária ofereciaao desenvolvimento econômico e social do país. Nesse sentido, ambos os intelectuaisprocuraram, em um primeiro momento, analisar historicamente a realidade social do campo,buscando, na matriz histórica da estrutura fundiária, perceber os aspectos de permanêncialegados à área rural na metade do século XX e, a partir dessa análise, as possibilidades demudança dessa realidade social.

ARKIVOC: vol. 2004, no. 6, (issn) 1551-7012, (dlps) 5550190.0005.603, This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License. Please contact mpub-help@umich.edu to use this work in a way not covered by the license.