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Con el Tratado de Ámsterdam se dio el paso para empezar una política de cohesion con todas las regiones europeas. El primer bloque de medidas a adoptar se daría en el periodo 2000- 2006 (añadiendo la reforma de la política de estructuras), centrándose en ajustes estructurales, reconversiones y educación y, a partir de ahí, se planificaba un segundo periodo (2007- 2013) en el que se profundizará en los procesos de desarrollo. Es aquí donde las sociedades cooperativas juegan un papel decisivo, entre otras razones por su contribución a la mejor integración y cohesión social para alcanzar un buen desarrollo territorial., The Amsterdam Treaty was followed by the begining a policy of cohesion with all European regions. The first set of steps took place within the time period 2000- 2006 (including the structure policy reform), focusing on structural adjustments, modernization and education. At this point, a second period (2007- 2013) has been planified by the EU where development processes will be dealt with. Cooperative societies play a key role in this issue thanks to their contribution to a better integration and social cohesion, among other reasons, in order to reach an appropriate territorial development., Escuela de Estudios Cooperativos, Fac. de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, TRUE, pub

[ES] El sector turístico tiene un importante peso en España, representando un 11% del Producto Interior Bruto y un 13% del empleo del país. Estas cifras están en continuo crecimiento gracias a la creación de plataformas como AirBnb o Booking, que han fomentado la aparición de una nueva modalidad del alquiler, la llamada vivienda de uso turístico o vacacional. Este tipo de alojamientos han supuesto un cambio de paradigma a nivel social que han hecho que las entidades públicas comiencen a regular estas prácticas; y, con ello, los portales de datos abiertos han comenzado a generar información sobre esta actividad. En este trabajo fin de máster se realizará un análisis de la información relacionada con este tipo de vivienda que se encuentra en los principales portales de datos abiertos de cada una de las Comunidades Autónomas de España, con el objetivo de conseguir una visión general del estado de los datos relacionados con este sector, a través del análisis de su apertura, accesibilidad y reutilización. Gracias a este análisis, podrán detectarse puntos de mejora enfocados desde el punto de vista de las buenas prácticas de gobierno abierto y transparencia., [EN] Touristic sector has an important influence on Spain. It represents more than 11% of the Gross Domestic Product, as well as 13% of the total employment on the country, which is constantly growing thanks to the creation of platforms such as Airbnb or Booking. This platforms have promoted the apparition of a new kind of renting, the one related to tourist acommodation, also called “tourist housing” or “tourist apartments”. This sort of acommodation have created an impact in a social level which have made that public entities have started to produce information about this activity. This dissertation analyses the information related with this topic, with information extracted from the open data portals of the Spanish countries. The main purpose is creating a wide perspective about the status of the data based on the touristic sector, through the analysis of its opening level, acessibility and reuse. Thanks to the analysis, improvements can be detected focused on the point of view based on the good practices related to open government and transparency.

[ES] El sector turístico tiene un importante peso en España, representando un 11% del Producto Interior Bruto y un 13% del empleo del país. Estas cifras están en continuo crecimiento gracias a la creación de plataformas como AirBnb o Booking, que han fomentado la aparición de una nueva modalidad del alquiler, la llamada vivienda de uso turístico o vacacional. Este tipo de alojamientos han supuesto un cambio de paradigma a nivel social que han hecho que las entidades públicas comiencen a regular estas prácticas; y, con ello, los portales de datos abiertos han comenzado a generar información sobre esta actividad. En este trabajo fin de máster se realizará un análisis de la información relacionada con este tipo de vivienda que se encuentra en los principales portales de datos abiertos de cada una de las Comunidades Autónomas de España, con el objetivo de conseguir una visión general del estado de los datos relacionados con este sector, a través del análisis de su apertura, accesibilidad y reutilización. Gracias a este análisis, podrán detectarse puntos de mejora enfocados desde el punto de vista de las buenas prácticas de gobierno abierto y transparencia., [EN] Touristic sector has an important influence on Spain. It represents more than 11% of the Gross Domestic Product, as well as 13% of the total employment on the country, which is constantly growing thanks to the creation of platforms such as Airbnb or Booking. This platforms have promoted the apparition of a new kind of renting, the one related to tourist acommodation, also called “tourist housing” or “tourist apartments”. This sort of acommodation have created an impact in a social level which have made that public entities have started to produce information about this activity. This dissertation analyses the information related with this topic, with information extracted from the open data portals of the Spanish countries. The main purpose is creating a wide perspective about the status of the data based on the touristic sector, through the analysis of its opening level, acessibility and reuse. Thanks to the analysis, improvements can be detected focused on the point of view based on the good practices related to open government and transparency.

Previous research shows that a good balance between focus on development of existing processes with development of new and innovative products, processes or services has a positive effect on organizational excellence. However, the relationship between these two quality perspectives is not easy to maintain and it is a challenge for every organization to find an appropriate balance between them. Previous research shows also that there is often a striking overemphasis on continuous improvement and stepwise refinement at the expense of working with innovations. Consequently, it has become necessary to find forms for development of the balance between improvement of existing processes and innovations. It is a question of how to manage both exploitation (improvement of existing processes) and exploration (innovations). Being able to manage both exploitation and exploration and maintain a good balance is known as organizational ambidexterity. The purpose of this thesis is to develop existing knowledge of how organisational ambidexterity and innovation can be understood and developed as an approach to increasing customer value in the context of the public sector. In order to meet the purpose, the research behind this thesis was conducted through six studies. The results have been presented in six scientific articles. The analytical focus in the research has been on management of public organization. Thus, the unit of analysis has been public sector management both at national, regional and municipal level. The studies have been conducted with a qualitative approach and data collection has primarily been done through semi- structured interviews. Most of the data has been collected in Sweden. Through the studies, it appears that the current quality practice in the Swedish public sector to a large extent relates to and supports exploitation, but not exploration. The empirical findings give examples of organizations that have a large focus on systematic measurement and control, Disputation: 2017-04-07 10:00, Q221, Mittuniversitetet, ÖstersundHandledare: Håkan Wiklund och Johan Lilja, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för kvalitetsteknik, maskinteknik och matematikOpponent: Sverker Alänge, Chalmers Tekniska Högskola

Previous research shows that a good balance between focus on development of existing processes with development of new and innovative products, processes or services has a positive effect on organizational excellence. However, the relationship between these two quality perspectives is not easy to maintain and it is a challenge for every organization to find an appropriate balance between them. Previous research shows also that there is often a striking overemphasis on continuous improvement and stepwise refinement at the expense of working with innovations. Consequently, it has become necessary to find forms for development of the balance between improvement of existing processes and innovations. It is a question of how to manage both exploitation (improvement of existing processes) and exploration (innovations). Being able to manage both exploitation and exploration and maintain a good balance is known as organizational ambidexterity. The purpose of this thesis is to develop existing knowledge of how organisational ambidexterity and innovation can be understood and developed as an approach to increasing customer value in the context of the public sector. In order to meet the purpose, the research behind this thesis was conducted through six studies. The results have been presented in six scientific articles. The analytical focus in the research has been on management of public organization. Thus, the unit of analysis has been public sector management both at national, regional and municipal level. The studies have been conducted with a qualitative approach and data collection has primarily been done through semi- structured interviews. Most of the data has been collected in Sweden. Through the studies, it appears that the current quality practice in the Swedish public sector to a large extent relates to and supports exploitation, but not exploration. The empirical findings give examples of organizations that have a large focus on systematic measurement and control, Vid tidpunkten för disputationen var följande delarbeten opublicerade: delarbete 6 accepterat.At the time of the doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished: paper 6 accepted.

Denna kvalitativa studie om internationellt utvecklingsbistånd undersöker effekterna av gender mainstreaming i sociala trygghetssystem i Afrika, söder om Sahara, med särskilt fokus på jämställdhet, kvinnors empowerment och biståndets effekter på familjeförhållanden. Studien lyfter fram en historisk bakgrund av gender mainstreaming i politiken, men även dagens internationella engagemang för att bekämpa den extrema fattigdomen. Studien belyser det svenska internationella biståndets initiativ för att minska fattigdomen i Afrika, söder om Sahara. Totalt genomfördes fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer med högkvalificerade tjänstemän som representerar det internationella biståndet, med bakgrund från Utrikesdepartementet, Styrelsen för internationellt utvecklingssamarbete (Sida), Latinamerikainstitutet på Stockholms universitet och UNICEF Office of Research - Innocenti. Resultatet visade att ett genderintegrerat bistånd i form av sociala kontantöverföringar som främjar jämställdhet i samhällen som biståndet verkar i, bidrar till att minska den extrema fattigdomen. Men resultaten visade även att det krävs ytterligare forskning för att kunna se direkta kausala effekter av biståndet som riktas till kvinnor jämfört med bistånd som riktas till män, samt den effekt som biståndet har på kvinnors empowerment och på biståndsmottagarnas familjeförhållanden. Slutsatsen av undersökningen är att uppbyggnaden av genderintegrerade sociala trygghetssystem i Afrika, söder om Sahara, är av särskild betydelse då man genom ökad jämställdhet och ett övergripande socialt skyddsnät minskar den extrema fattigdomen och främjar regionens välmående i sin helhet., This qualitative study on international development aid explores the effects of gender mainstreaming in social protection systems in sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on gender equality, women's empowerment and family structures. The study features a historical background of gender mainstreaming in politics, but also today's international commitment to combat extreme poverty. The study highlights the initiative of the Swedish international aid to reduce poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. A total of four semi-structured interviews were conducted with highly qualified public servants representing the international foreign aid, representing The Swedish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), The Institute of Latin American Studies at Stockholm University and UNICEF Office of Research - Innocenti. The results showed that a gender-based foreign aid in the form of social cash transfers that aims to promote gender equality, helps to reduce extreme poverty. In addition, the results showed that further research is required to see the direct effects of aid directed at women as compared with aid directed at men, as well as the impact of aid on women's empowerment and the family structures of aid recipients. The conclusion of this study is that the development of gender-based social protection systems in sub-Saharan Africa is of particular importance as, through increased gender equality and overall social protection systems, the region's prosperity increases, and levels of extreme poverty reduces.

Syftet med denna studie är att belysa hur rekryteringsprocessen inom offentlig förvaltning går till samt vilka aspekter som kan komma att påverka processens genomförande och utfall. Till denna studie har kvalitativ metod använts där en fallstudie har genomförts. I fallstudien har intervjuer kombinerats med vinjettstudier för att ge en djupare bild av respondenternas erfarenheter kring rekrytering. Sammanlagt har sju personer som alla arbetar med rekrytering intervjuats. De teoretiska utgångspunkter som ligger till grund för denna studie speglar områdena rekrytering, subjektivitet, hållbarhet, offentliga förvaltning, ledarskap samt organisationskultur. Resultatet av denna studie har analyserats genom en tematisk innehållsanalys som fokuserar på att se mönster mellan intervjuerna och i enskilda intervjuer i syfte av att få en större förståelse för respondenternas utsago. Denna studie visar att det finns flera faktorer som påverka rekryteringsprocessen inom offentlig förvaltning och som blir avgörande för dess utfall. Exempelvis är subjektivitet en faktor som alltid är närvarande oavsett respondenternas försök till absolut objektivitet. Subjektiva faktorer som utstrålning och första intryck vägs in i den sammantagna bedömningen av kandidaten. I förhållande till detta visar resultatet att respondenternas kunskaper och erfarenhet kring rekrytering också påverkar och får betydelse för rekryteringsprocessen. Slutligen visar studien betydelsen av HR-funktionen som en nyckelroll i organisationen, dels genom att stödja de rekryterande cheferna i deras arbete men också för att utveckla och driva arbetet med hållbarhet inom hela organisationen, vilket även innefattar arbete med rekrytering., The aim of this study is thus to see how the recruitment process is made in the context of public administration and what kind of aspects that can affect the implementation and outcome of the recruitment process. To this study qualitative method has been used. A case study has been combined with interviews and a vignette to explore the respondent’s approaches and experiences of recruitment. A total of seven people who all work with recruitment have been interviewed. The theoretical starting points that underpin this study reflect areas of recruitment and selection, subjectivity, sustainability, public sector management, leadership and organizational culture. The results of this study has been analysed by a content analysis that focuses on patternmaking to get a greater understanding of the answers given by the respondents. This study shows that there are several crucial factors that can interrupt and affect the recruitment process in the context of public administration and therefore important to take in consideration. For instance is subjectivity a factor that’s always present and therefore inevitable. No matter how much work the respondents put in to making the process of recruitment objective and competence- based, subjective factors like personal charismas and first impressions still takes in consideration in the overall evaluation of the candidate. This factor also has a lot to do with the competence, knowledge and experience that the recruiting managers possess. The study also shows the importance of the HR-function as a key role in the organization both to support the recruiting managers and for the development of sustainability in recruitment as well as in the whole organization.

För attkunna möta ett kraftigt ökande invånarantal i de flesta av Sveriges kommunerbehöver verksamheterna vara resurseffektiva och erbjuda invånarna en fungerandeservice. Syftet med studien har varit att få en förståelse förframgångsfaktorer när det gäller ledarskap och delaktighet i kommunalverksamhet. Studien har tagit sin ansats i hörnstensmodellen (Bergman &Klefsjö, 2012) som ingår i offensiv kvalitetsutveckling. En fallstudiegenomfördes på de vinnande enheterna i Stockholms stads kvalitetsutmärkelse2016 med analys av bidrag och intervjuer. Slutsatsen var att ledarskapet drevsmed utgångspunkt från stadens övergripande mål, där målen sedan bröts ned tillenhetsnivå. Ledarskapet visade ett tydligt resultatfokus där kunden alltid varutgångspunkten för all verksamhetsutveckling. Det fanns en uttalad vilja hoscheferna att alla medarbetare skulle vara delaktiga och engagerade. Dettagjordes företrädesvis genom att ge och ta ansvar. En annan viktig del för ettframgångsrikt ledarskap var lärdomen att chefen inte stod ensam. Då det uppstodsvårlösta eller känsliga problem så bad cheferna om, och tog emot, hjälp., To meet the demands of a rapidly increasing population in Sweden, municipal services need to distribute their resources efficiently and offer well functioning services. The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the factors that lead to success in leadership and participation in municipal business. The study is based on the cornerstone model (Bergman & Klefsjö, 2012) which is part of an interpretation of Total Quality Management. A case study was conducted on the winning units of the City of Stockholms Quality Awards 2016, through analysis of written entries and interviews. This study concluded that the leadership was executed by setting goals that correspond with the goals of the city. The style of leadership showed that the client always remained the focal point of all business development. The leadership was result-oriented. Managers expressed a desire for all employees to participate and be engaged in their work. This effect was achieved preferably by giving and taking responsibilities. Another significant element needed for the development of successful leadership is the notion that managers do not stand alone. When difficult or sensitive problems arose, managers asked for, and received, help., 2017-06-28

För attkunna möta ett kraftigt ökande invånarantal i de flesta av Sveriges kommunerbehöver verksamheterna vara resurseffektiva och erbjuda invånarna en fungerandeservice. Syftet med studien har varit att få en förståelse förframgångsfaktorer när det gäller ledarskap och delaktighet i kommunalverksamhet. Studien har tagit sin ansats i hörnstensmodellen (Bergman &Klefsjö, 2012) som ingår i offensiv kvalitetsutveckling. En fallstudiegenomfördes på de vinnande enheterna i Stockholms stads kvalitetsutmärkelse2016 med analys av bidrag och intervjuer. Slutsatsen var att ledarskapet drevsmed utgångspunkt från stadens övergripande mål, där målen sedan bröts ned tillenhetsnivå. Ledarskapet visade ett tydligt resultatfokus där kunden alltid varutgångspunkten för all verksamhetsutveckling. Det fanns en uttalad vilja hoscheferna att alla medarbetare skulle vara delaktiga och engagerade. Dettagjordes företrädesvis genom att ge och ta ansvar. En annan viktig del för ettframgångsrikt ledarskap var lärdomen att chefen inte stod ensam. Då det uppstodsvårlösta eller känsliga problem så bad cheferna om, och tog emot, hjälp., To meet the demands of a rapidly increasing population in Sweden, municipal services need to distribute their resources efficiently and offer well functioning services. The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the factors that lead to success in leadership and participation in municipal business. The study is based on the cornerstone model (Bergman & Klefsjö, 2012) which is part of an interpretation of Total Quality Management. A case study was conducted on the winning units of the City of Stockholms Quality Awards 2016, through analysis of written entries and interviews. This study concluded that the leadership was executed by setting goals that correspond with the goals of the city. The style of leadership showed that the client always remained the focal point of all business development. The leadership was result-oriented. Managers expressed a desire for all employees to participate and be engaged in their work. This effect was achieved preferably by giving and taking responsibilities. Another significant element needed for the development of successful leadership is the notion that managers do not stand alone. When difficult or sensitive problems arose, managers asked for, and received, help., 2017-06-28

Previous research shows that a good balance between focus on development of existing processes with development of new and innovative products, processes or services has a positive effect on organizational excellence. However, the relationship between these two quality perspectives is not easy to maintain and it is a challenge for every organization to find an appropriate balance between them. Previous research shows also that there is often a striking overemphasis on continuous improvement and stepwise refinement at the expense of working with innovations. Consequently, it has become necessary to find forms for development of the balance between improvement of existing processes and innovations. It is a question of how to manage both exploitation (improvement of existing processes) and exploration (innovations). Being able to manage both exploitation and exploration and maintain a good balance is known as organizational ambidexterity. The purpose of this thesis is to develop existing knowledge of how organisational ambidexterity and innovation can be understood and developed as an approach to increasing customer value in the context of the public sector. In order to meet the purpose, the research behind this thesis was conducted through six studies. The results have been presented in six scientific articles. The analytical focus in the research has been on management of public organization. Thus, the unit of analysis has been public sector management both at national, regional and municipal level. The studies have been conducted with a qualitative approach and data collection has primarily been done through semi- structured interviews. Most of the data has been collected in Sweden. Through the studies, it appears that the current quality practice in the Swedish public sector to a large extent relates to and supports exploitation, but not exploration. The empirical findings give examples of organizations that have a large focus on systematic measurement and control, Vid tidpunkten för disputationen var följande delarbeten opublicerade: delarbete 6 accepterat.At the time of the doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished: paper 6 accepted.

Previous research shows that a good balance between focus on development of existing processes with development of new and innovative products, processes or services has a positive effect on organizational excellence. However, the relationship between these two quality perspectives is not easy to maintain and it is a challenge for every organization to find an appropriate balance between them. Previous research shows also that there is often a striking overemphasis on continuous improvement and stepwise refinement at the expense of working with innovations. Consequently, it has become necessary to find forms for development of the balance between improvement of existing processes and innovations. It is a question of how to manage both exploitation (improvement of existing processes) and exploration (innovations). Being able to manage both exploitation and exploration and maintain a good balance is known as organizational ambidexterity. The purpose of this thesis is to develop existing knowledge of how organisational ambidexterity and innovation can be understood and developed as an approach to increasing customer value in the context of the public sector. In order to meet the purpose, the research behind this thesis was conducted through six studies. The results have been presented in six scientific articles. The analytical focus in the research has been on management of public organization. Thus, the unit of analysis has been public sector management both at national, regional and municipal level. The studies have been conducted with a qualitative approach and data collection has primarily been done through semi- structured interviews. Most of the data has been collected in Sweden. Through the studies, it appears that the current quality practice in the Swedish public sector to a large extent relates to and supports exploitation, but not exploration. The empirical findings give examples of organizations that have a large focus on systematic measurement and control, Disputation: 2017-04-07 10:00, Q221, Mittuniversitetet, ÖstersundHandledare: Håkan Wiklund och Johan Lilja, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för kvalitetsteknik, maskinteknik och matematikOpponent: Sverker Alänge, Chalmers Tekniska Högskola

Previous research shows that a good balance between focus on development of existing processes with development of new and innovative products, processes or services has a positive effect on organizational excellence. However, the relationship between these two quality perspectives is not easy to maintain and it is a challenge for every organization to find an appropriate balance between them. Previous research shows also that there is often a striking overemphasis on continuous improvement and stepwise refinement at the expense of working with innovations. Consequently, it has become necessary to find forms for development of the balance between improvement of existing processes and innovations. It is a question of how to manage both exploitation (improvement of existing processes) and exploration (innovations). Being able to manage both exploitation and exploration and maintain a good balance is known as organizational ambidexterity. The purpose of this thesis is to develop existing knowledge of how organisational ambidexterity and innovation can be understood and developed as an approach to increasing customer value in the context of the public sector. In order to meet the purpose, the research behind this thesis was conducted through six studies. The results have been presented in six scientific articles. The analytical focus in the research has been on management of public organization. Thus, the unit of analysis has been public sector management both at national, regional and municipal level. The studies have been conducted with a qualitative approach and data collection has primarily been done through semi- structured interviews. Most of the data has been collected in Sweden. Through the studies, it appears that the current quality practice in the Swedish public sector to a large extent relates to and supports exploitation, but not exploration. The empirical findings give examples of organizations that have a large focus on systematic measurement and control, Vid tidpunkten för disputationen var följande delarbeten opublicerade: delarbete 6 accepterat.At the time of the doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished: paper 6 accepted.

Previous research shows that a good balance between focus on development of existing processes with development of new and innovative products, processes or services has a positive effect on organizational excellence. However, the relationship between these two quality perspectives is not easy to maintain and it is a challenge for every organization to find an appropriate balance between them. Previous research shows also that there is often a striking overemphasis on continuous improvement and stepwise refinement at the expense of working with innovations. Consequently, it has become necessary to find forms for development of the balance between improvement of existing processes and innovations. It is a question of how to manage both exploitation (improvement of existing processes) and exploration (innovations). Being able to manage both exploitation and exploration and maintain a good balance is known as organizational ambidexterity. The purpose of this thesis is to develop existing knowledge of how organisational ambidexterity and innovation can be understood and developed as an approach to increasing customer value in the context of the public sector. In order to meet the purpose, the research behind this thesis was conducted through six studies. The results have been presented in six scientific articles. The analytical focus in the research has been on management of public organization. Thus, the unit of analysis has been public sector management both at national, regional and municipal level. The studies have been conducted with a qualitative approach and data collection has primarily been done through semi- structured interviews. Most of the data has been collected in Sweden. Through the studies, it appears that the current quality practice in the Swedish public sector to a large extent relates to and supports exploitation, but not exploration. The empirical findings give examples of organizations that have a large focus on systematic measurement and control, Vid tidpunkten för disputationen var följande delarbeten opublicerade: delarbete 6 accepterat.At the time of the doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished: paper 6 accepted.

Syftet med denna studie är att belysa hur rekryteringsprocessen inom offentlig förvaltning går till samt vilka aspekter som kan komma att påverka processens genomförande och utfall. Till denna studie har kvalitativ metod använts där en fallstudie har genomförts. I fallstudien har intervjuer kombinerats med vinjettstudier för att ge en djupare bild av respondenternas erfarenheter kring rekrytering. Sammanlagt har sju personer som alla arbetar med rekrytering intervjuats. De teoretiska utgångspunkter som ligger till grund för denna studie speglar områdena rekrytering, subjektivitet, hållbarhet, offentliga förvaltning, ledarskap samt organisationskultur. Resultatet av denna studie har analyserats genom en tematisk innehållsanalys som fokuserar på att se mönster mellan intervjuerna och i enskilda intervjuer i syfte av att få en större förståelse för respondenternas utsago. Denna studie visar att det finns flera faktorer som påverka rekryteringsprocessen inom offentlig förvaltning och som blir avgörande för dess utfall. Exempelvis är subjektivitet en faktor som alltid är närvarande oavsett respondenternas försök till absolut objektivitet. Subjektiva faktorer som utstrålning och första intryck vägs in i den sammantagna bedömningen av kandidaten. I förhållande till detta visar resultatet att respondenternas kunskaper och erfarenhet kring rekrytering också påverkar och får betydelse för rekryteringsprocessen. Slutligen visar studien betydelsen av HR-funktionen som en nyckelroll i organisationen, dels genom att stödja de rekryterande cheferna i deras arbete men också för att utveckla och driva arbetet med hållbarhet inom hela organisationen, vilket även innefattar arbete med rekrytering., The aim of this study is thus to see how the recruitment process is made in the context of public administration and what kind of aspects that can affect the implementation and outcome of the recruitment process. To this study qualitative method has been used. A case study has been combined with interviews and a vignette to explore the respondent’s approaches and experiences of recruitment. A total of seven people who all work with recruitment have been interviewed. The theoretical starting points that underpin this study reflect areas of recruitment and selection, subjectivity, sustainability, public sector management, leadership and organizational culture. The results of this study has been analysed by a content analysis that focuses on patternmaking to get a greater understanding of the answers given by the respondents. This study shows that there are several crucial factors that can interrupt and affect the recruitment process in the context of public administration and therefore important to take in consideration. For instance is subjectivity a factor that’s always present and therefore inevitable. No matter how much work the respondents put in to making the process of recruitment objective and competence- based, subjective factors like personal charismas and first impressions still takes in consideration in the overall evaluation of the candidate. This factor also has a lot to do with the competence, knowledge and experience that the recruiting managers possess. The study also shows the importance of the HR-function as a key role in the organization both to support the recruiting managers and for the development of sustainability in recruitment as well as in the whole organization.

Denna kvalitativa studie om internationellt utvecklingsbistånd undersöker effekterna av gender mainstreaming i sociala trygghetssystem i Afrika, söder om Sahara, med särskilt fokus på jämställdhet, kvinnors empowerment och biståndets effekter på familjeförhållanden. Studien lyfter fram en historisk bakgrund av gender mainstreaming i politiken, men även dagens internationella engagemang för att bekämpa den extrema fattigdomen. Studien belyser det svenska internationella biståndets initiativ för att minska fattigdomen i Afrika, söder om Sahara. Totalt genomfördes fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer med högkvalificerade tjänstemän som representerar det internationella biståndet, med bakgrund från Utrikesdepartementet, Styrelsen för internationellt utvecklingssamarbete (Sida), Latinamerikainstitutet på Stockholms universitet och UNICEF Office of Research - Innocenti. Resultatet visade att ett genderintegrerat bistånd i form av sociala kontantöverföringar som främjar jämställdhet i samhällen som biståndet verkar i, bidrar till att minska den extrema fattigdomen. Men resultaten visade även att det krävs ytterligare forskning för att kunna se direkta kausala effekter av biståndet som riktas till kvinnor jämfört med bistånd som riktas till män, samt den effekt som biståndet har på kvinnors empowerment och på biståndsmottagarnas familjeförhållanden. Slutsatsen av undersökningen är att uppbyggnaden av genderintegrerade sociala trygghetssystem i Afrika, söder om Sahara, är av särskild betydelse då man genom ökad jämställdhet och ett övergripande socialt skyddsnät minskar den extrema fattigdomen och främjar regionens välmående i sin helhet., This qualitative study on international development aid explores the effects of gender mainstreaming in social protection systems in sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on gender equality, women's empowerment and family structures. The study features a historical background of gender mainstreaming in politics, but also today's international commitment to combat extreme poverty. The study highlights the initiative of the Swedish international aid to reduce poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. A total of four semi-structured interviews were conducted with highly qualified public servants representing the international foreign aid, representing The Swedish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), The Institute of Latin American Studies at Stockholm University and UNICEF Office of Research - Innocenti. The results showed that a gender-based foreign aid in the form of social cash transfers that aims to promote gender equality, helps to reduce extreme poverty. In addition, the results showed that further research is required to see the direct effects of aid directed at women as compared with aid directed at men, as well as the impact of aid on women's empowerment and the family structures of aid recipients. The conclusion of this study is that the development of gender-based social protection systems in sub-Saharan Africa is of particular importance as, through increased gender equality and overall social protection systems, the region's prosperity increases, and levels of extreme poverty reduces.

Summary: This dissertation examines task specialization in the public administration profession through studying the job tasks that a public procurement practitioner performs, manages, and both performs and manages. The purpose of this dissertation was to establish a baseline to benchmark what these practitioners actually do on their jobs. Factor analysis was used to study a data set of 2,549 respondents that were administered a survey by the Universal Public Procurement Certification Council (UPPCC) in 2012. The research question to be answered involved addressing what job tasks public procurement practitioners perform, manage, and both perform and manage. Hypotheses were examined that predicted task specialization existing within public procurement to the extent that practitioners in more senior job positions display more task specialization and that practitioners from larger organizations also display more task specialization. A review of literature discusses the alternative perspectives on what constitutes professionalism in the public sector. The reasons for focusing on public procurement professionalism were subsequently presented through the literature. The various views of what entails professionalism in public administration were discussed as to responsibility (Stivers, 1994), sociological issues (Simon, 1947), constitutional issues (Lowi, 1995; Rohr, 1986), technical specialization and empirical rigor (Parsons, 1939), as means of contextualizing the nature of public administrators’ roles and responsibilities in conjunction with the job tasks that are executed. Factor analysis was conducted on 75 job tasks in order to identify relationships between practitioner job tasks for the purposes of finding out what it is that public procurement practitioners actually do for their work. The job tasks found to share relationships may be grouped together for further inquiry into the nature of the relationships between job tasks and overarching competency areas of rela, 2016, Includes bibliography., Degree granted: Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2016., Collection: FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

In 2005, The Swedish Social Insurance Agency (Försäkringskassan), was reformed from being local county authorities to a nationalized and integrated organization. The aim of this thesis is to describe how Försäkringskassan’s organizational culture has changed. The key questions are: ”How has Försäkringskassan’s culture changed?”, ”How are the organizational culture perceived and handled by the employees?” and ”How can the interaction between organizational culture and the changes connected with the nationalization and merger in 2005 and beyond, be understood?”. The thesis revolves around the concept of organizational culture which is understood as a metaphor consisting of three different layers; artifacts, norms and basic assumptions. Five cultural themes structure the analysis: identity, status, gender, threats and rescue. To monitor and analyze the changes that the culture has undergone these themes are linked with different models of public administration. These models are called: the bureaucratic, the professional, the social movement and the market model. The study is based on two kinds of material: internal journals and interviews with employees. The material show how Försäkringskassan went from being an organization rooted in a small-scale social movement tradition into being a large national government agency. The deepest layer of organizational culture is basic assumptions. The results in this thesis show that three assumptions are especially important in understanding the staff’s reaction towards the merger: "We are different!", "We are a family!" and "We have a contract!”. These assumptions became organizationally overplayed after the merger, but still exist as elements of the organizational culture.

Bakalářská práce charakterizuje a hodnotí uplatňování nástrojů eGovernementu v celní správě a konkrétně pak v podmínkách Celního úřadu v Šumperku. Stav eGovernmentu v podmínkách celního úřadu Šumperk hodnotí v oblastech spisové agendy eSAT, datových schránek, vnitřních komunikačních systémů a interních informačních technologií v období 2010 - 2011. Na základě rešerše odborných pramenů popisuje teoretické poznatky týkající se informačních systémů veřejné správy, portálu veřejné správy, elektronického podpisu, datových schránek a autorizované konverze. Pomocí deskriptivní analýzy zachycuje charakteristiku veřejné správy, organizační členění státní správy a státní správu na úseku cel a daní. K hodnocení fungování eGovernmentu na celním úřadě v Šumperku byla využita komparativní analýza., Diploma thesis characterizes and evaluates asserting of eGovernement in customs of administration and concretely thereafter under conditions of customs office in Šumperk. The state of eGovenement in environment of customs office in Šumperk is evaluated in the areas of file agenda eSAT, data box, internal communication systems and internal informational technologies in period of time 2010-2011. Based on background research of expertise sources describes theoretical findings concerning of informational systems of public administration, portal of public administration, electronic signature, data boxes and authorized conversion. With help of descriptive analysis diploma thesis is capturing characteristics of public administratiton, organizational segmentation of administration and administration in area of toll and taxes. For an functionality evaluation of eGovernement in custom office in Šumperk was applied comparative analysis., Ve zpracování, Import 30/10/2012

Cílem bakalářské práce na téma "Elektronická komunikace v podmínkách státního zastupitelství" je zaprvé charakterizovat nástroje interní a externí komunikace v podmínkách Okresního státního zastupitelství v Novém Jičíně a zadruhé zhodnotit doručování prováděné Okresním státním zastupitelstvím v Novém Jičíně, zejména pak doručování prostřednictvím datových schránek, v letech 2008 - 2011. Tato práce obsahuje stručnou charakteristiku veřejné správy a jejího dělení. Dále je uveden popis soustavy státního zastupitelství, vztahy uvnitř ní, její činnosti a působnost, a toto je blíže specifikováno v podmínkách Okresního státního zastupitelství v Novém Jičíně, včetně personálního a technického zabezpečení. Je zde také uvedena stručná charakteristika okresu Nový Jičín a vývoj kriminality v tomto okrese v letech 2007 - 2010. V následující části jsou definovány typy zásilek, které jsou Okresním státním zastupitelstvím v Novém Jičíně doručovány, množství jednotlivých typů zásilek a náklady s tímto doručováním spojené v letech 2008 - 2011, včetně nákladů na doručování uskutečněné prostřednictvím datových schránek v letech 2009 - 2011. Tato práce je tvořena 5 kapitolami a přílohovou částí, která obsahuje souhrnné údaje, z nichž je v textu vycházeno, a také informace, na které je v textu odkazováno., The aim of the Bachelor Thesis on the topic of "Electronic Communication in Terms of the Public Prosecutor´s Office" is the first to characterize the instruments internal and external communication in terms of the District Public Prosecutor´s Office in Nový Jičín, and secondly evaluate the deliveries by the District Public Prosecutor´s Office in Nový Jičín, particularly through the deliveries of data boxes, in the years from 2008 to 2011. This Thesis contain a brief description of the Public Administration and its partitioning. Then next is a description of the System of the Public Prosecutor´s Office, internal relations, its activities and responsibilities, and this is detailed specified in terms of the District Public Prosecutor´s Office in Nový Jičín, including personnel and technical security. The Thesis also contain a brief description of the district Nový Jičín and the development of crime in this district in the years from 2007 to 2010. In the next part of the Thesis are defined types of shipments, which are delivered by the District Public Prosecutor´s Office in Nový Jičín, a number of individual types of shipments and costs associated with this deliveries in the years from 2008 to 2011, including costs to deliveries by the data boxes in the years from 2009 to 2011. This Thesis consist of 5 chapters and the part with annexes, which contain summary data from which the text draws as well as information on which it is referenced in the text., Ve zpracování, Import 11/07/2012