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Nowadays, one option that helps customers purchase the things they need more easily is to shop through the marketplace. The issues of supply and demand are not the only ones that face the growth of internet commerce. More than that, though, a number of variables can affect how these days rapidly expanding internet businesses operate.This study aims to analyze and examine the influence of online customer review, celebrity endorser and price discount on online purchase decision of UIN Mataram College Student using Lazada Application with trust as an intervening variable. This study is causally associative with quantitative approach. The data was collected using questionnaires were distributed online to college student as Lazada application users via WhatsApp by filtering questions according to the characteristics of respondents. The type of sampling method used is non-probability sampling, namely purposive sampling. The number of samples in the present research was 60 respondents. The data analysis with Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of this study indicate that the online customer review, celebrity endorser, price discount and trust has a significant influence on online purchase decision of UIN Mataram College Student Using Lazada Application. The trust is proven to be able mediate the effect of prise discount on online purchase decision. While, trust is unable to mediate the influence of online customer review and celebrity endorser on online purchase decision of UIN Mataram College Student Using Lazada Application. The findings of this research can be reference for future researchers who will study similar problems.

Nowadays, one option that helps customers purchase the things they need more easily is to shop through the marketplace. The issues of supply and demand are not the only ones that face the growth of internet commerce. More than that, though, a number of variables can affect how these days rapidly expanding internet businesses operate.This study aims to analyze and examine the influence of online customer review, celebrity endorser and price discount on online purchase decision of UIN Mataram College Student using Lazada Application with trust as an intervening variable. This study is causally associative with quantitative approach. The data was collected using questionnaires were distributed online to college student as Lazada application users via WhatsApp by filtering questions according to the characteristics of respondents. The type of sampling method used is non-probability sampling, namely purposive sampling. The number of samples in the present research was 60 respondents. The data analysis with Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of this study indicate that the online customer review, celebrity endorser, price discount and trust has a significant influence on online purchase decision of UIN Mataram College Student Using Lazada Application. The trust is proven to be able mediate the effect of prise discount on online purchase decision. While, trust is unable to mediate the influence of online customer review and celebrity endorser on online purchase decision of UIN Mataram College Student Using Lazada Application. The findings of this research can be reference for future researchers who will study similar problems.

Promotions are frequently deployed by firms in service intensive industries like tourism as a way to boost numbers like visitation and occupancy in times when excess capacity may be anticipated. While promotions may indeed augment revenues and other accounting measures commonly used by tourism firms to assess the success of marketing interventions, the impact of these sales tools on long-run finance-based indicators remains largely unexplored. Exploiting a rich dataset consisting of over 300 corporate level hotel promotions spanning nearly three decades, this study shows that promotions can be detrimental to long run performance of tourism firms. This erosion of the market value is particularly acute for promotions that involve tangible monetary components, such as price discounts. While this result supports the tenets of the hierarchy-of-effects theory and prospect theory, the observed effects of the tangible component of sales promotion entail an extension of these theoretical approaches to an intangible environment.

Promotions are frequently deployed by firms in service intensive industries like tourism as a way to boost numbers like visitation and occupancy in times when excess capacity may be anticipated. While promotions may indeed augment revenues and other accounting measures commonly used by tourism firms to assess the success of marketing interventions, the impact of these sales tools on long-run finance-based indicators remains largely unexplored. Exploiting a rich dataset consisting of over 300 corporate level hotel promotions spanning nearly three decades, this study shows that promotions can be detrimental to long run performance of tourism firms. This erosion of the market value is particularly acute for promotions that involve tangible monetary components, such as price discounts. While this result supports the tenets of the hierarchy-of-effects theory and prospect theory, the observed effects of the tangible component of sales promotion entail an extension of these theoretical approaches to an intangible environment.

Media sosial dan penggunaan e-commerce telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan. Banyak masyarakat yang membicarakan suatu produk di media sosial dan banyaknya potongan harga pada aplikasi Shopee mengakibatkan tingginya tingkat pembelian impulsif pada penggunanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari E-WOM dan potongan harga terhadap perilaku Impulse Buying. Populasi dari penelitian ini menarik sampel dengan metode nonprobability sampling teknik purposive sampling yaitu adalah pengguna dari aplikasi Shopee yang pernah membaca ulasan produk dan melakukan impulse buying di Kota Surabaya sebanyak 96 responden. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa E-WOM berkontribusi pada perilaku Impulse Buying dan potongan harga berkontribusi terhadap perilaku impulse buying.

Media sosial dan penggunaan e-commerce telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan. Banyak masyarakat yang membicarakan suatu produk di media sosial dan banyaknya potongan harga pada aplikasi Shopee mengakibatkan tingginya tingkat pembelian impulsif pada penggunanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari E-WOM dan potongan harga terhadap perilaku Impulse Buying. Populasi dari penelitian ini menarik sampel dengan metode nonprobability sampling teknik purposive sampling yaitu adalah pengguna dari aplikasi Shopee yang pernah membaca ulasan produk dan melakukan impulse buying di Kota Surabaya sebanyak 96 responden. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa E-WOM berkontribusi pada perilaku Impulse Buying dan potongan harga berkontribusi terhadap perilaku impulse buying.

Purpose: Many marketplace examples suggest that using gamification in the online retail shopping context boosts sales and positively affects customer loyalty. Nevertheless, more research is needed to understand the effects of digital games on consumer behavior and their underlying psychological mechanisms. Therefore, this article explores how combining games and monetary rewards impacts customer satisfaction, loyalty and word-of-mouth (WOM) intentions. Design/methodology/approach: To test our hypotheses, we designed two online laboratory experiments to stimulate an online shopping situation, as gamification in online retailing has the potential to affect an important set of outcomes for service firms throughout the consumer decision process (Hofacker et al., 2016). Findings: The results of two lab experiments demonstrate that playing a shopping-related game without monetary participation incentive positively influences all three relational outcomes because games enhance consumers' enjoyment of the overall shopping experience. However, our findings also show that monetary rewards used to incentivize game participation diminish these effects. Gamification loses its positive effects if games are combined with monetary rewards, as consumers no longer play games to derive inherent enjoyment, but rather the extrinsic motivation of receiving a discount. We draw managerial implications about how gamification effectively and profitably fosters strong customer relationships and thus increases customer lifetime value and equity. Research limitations/implications: This research is the first to investigate the combined effects of gamification and price discounts that require consumers to play the game in order to receive the discount. Focusing on an online shopping context, this article contributes to research on motivation by providing new and more nuanced insights into the psychological process underlying the gamification effects on consumer' long-term attitudes (i.e. satisfac

Purpose: Many marketplace examples suggest that using gamification in the online retail shopping context boosts sales and positively affects customer loyalty. Nevertheless, more research is needed to understand the effects of digital games on consumer behavior and their underlying psychological mechanisms. Therefore, this article explores how combining games and monetary rewards impacts customer satisfaction, loyalty and word-of-mouth (WOM) intentions. Design/methodology/approach: To test our hypotheses, we designed two online laboratory experiments to stimulate an online shopping situation, as gamification in online retailing has the potential to affect an important set of outcomes for service firms throughout the consumer decision process (Hofacker et al., 2016). Findings: The results of two lab experiments demonstrate that playing a shopping-related game without monetary participation incentive positively influences all three relational outcomes because games enhance consumers' enjoyment of the overall shopping experience. However, our findings also show that monetary rewards used to incentivize game participation diminish these effects. Gamification loses its positive effects if games are combined with monetary rewards, as consumers no longer play games to derive inherent enjoyment, but rather the extrinsic motivation of receiving a discount. We draw managerial implications about how gamification effectively and profitably fosters strong customer relationships and thus increases customer lifetime value and equity. Research limitations/implications: This research is the first to investigate the combined effects of gamification and price discounts that require consumers to play the game in order to receive the discount. Focusing on an online shopping context, this article contributes to research on motivation by providing new and more nuanced insights into the psychological process underlying the gamification effects on consumer' long-term attitudes (i.e. satisfac

Selling homes is not easy. Home sellers usually need to apply a price discount to swiftly close a deal, and more so when housing market activity is low. Using detailed data on home listings and transactions in Spain, we provide unique estimates of the price discount across regional submarkets and time. We document that the price discount is strongly countercylical, as it increases with declining market conditions, and viceversa during upturns. Despite substantial heterogeneity, regional price discounts are synchronized and a single common factor can account for about sixty percent of their variation, thus suggesting the existence of a national housing cycle. Finally, we document that the main factors linked to changes in the price discount are developments in income, population, and interest rates, which are jointly able to explain the bulk of variation in housing market liquidity across regions and time. Besides providing a formal test of the performance of the price spread in gauging housing market liquidity, this study conveys practical information to real estate market participants, policymakers, and financial institutions for which assessing conditions in Spanish housing markets is a central task.

Selling homes is not easy. Home sellers usually need to apply a price discount to swiftly close a deal, and more so when housing market activity is low. Using detailed data on home listings and transactions in Spain, we provide unique estimates of the price discount across regional submarkets and time. We document that the price discount is strongly countercylical, as it increases with declining market conditions, and viceversa during upturns. Despite substantial heterogeneity, regional price discounts are synchronized and a single common factor can account for about sixty percent of their variation, thus suggesting the existence of a national housing cycle. Finally, we document that the main factors linked to changes in the price discount are developments in income, population, and interest rates, which are jointly able to explain the bulk of variation in housing market liquidity across regions and time. Besides providing a formal test of the performance of the price spread in gauging housing market liquidity, this study conveys practical information to real estate market participants, policymakers, and financial institutions for which assessing conditions in Spanish housing markets is a central task.

The aim of the present research is to assess which type of online promotional incentive (monetary or non-monetary) is the most effective at achieving purchase intention for airline tickets, depending on the user’s level of Internet experience (characterized as novice, moderate, or expert user). A Univariate General Linear Model is conducted, using data obtained from an experimental design with two levels: monetary online sales promotion and non-monetary online sales promotion. The findings indicate that in the case of acquiring an airline ticket online, monetary incentives are more appealing to novice Web users, while non-monetary incentives are preferred by expert users. The present study breaks new ground in that it examines, in the travel sector, the effectiveness of online sales promotions at prompting the individual to purchase online, in a comparative analysis based on online sales incentive type (monetary vs. non-monetary). The work contributes to the literature on the online travel sector by analyzing how the user’s level of Web experience affects the effectiveness of each type of online sales promotion.

The aim of the present research is to assess which type of online promotional incentive (monetary or non-monetary) is the most effective at achieving purchase intention for airline tickets, depending on the user’s level of Internet experience (characterized as novice, moderate, or expert user). A Univariate General Linear Model is conducted, using data obtained from an experimental design with two levels: monetary online sales promotion and non-monetary online sales promotion. The findings indicate that in the case of acquiring an airline ticket online, monetary incentives are more appealing to novice Web users, while non-monetary incentives are preferred by expert users. The present study breaks new ground in that it examines, in the travel sector, the effectiveness of online sales promotions at prompting the individual to purchase online, in a comparative analysis based on online sales incentive type (monetary vs. non-monetary). The work contributes to the literature on the online travel sector by analyzing how the user’s level of Web experience affects the effectiveness of each type of online sales promotion.

BackgroundIndigenous Australians suffer a disproportionate burden of preventable chronic disease compared to their non-Indigenous counterparts – much of it diet-related. Increasing fruit and vegetable intakes and reducing sugar-sweetened soft-drink consumption can reduce the risk of preventable chronic disease. There is evidence from some general population studies that subsidising healthier foods can modify dietary behaviour. There is little such evidence relating specifically to socio-economically disadvantaged populations, even though dietary behaviour in such populations is arguably more likely to be susceptible to such interventions. This study aims to assess the impact and cost-effectiveness of a price discount intervention with or without an in-store nutrition education intervention on purchases of fruit, vegetables, water and diet soft-drinks among remote Indigenous communities. Methods/DesignWe will utilise a randomised multiple baseline (stepped wedge) design involving 20 communities in remote Indigenous Australia. The study will be conducted in partnership with two store associations and twenty Indigenous store boards. Communities will be randomised to either i) a 20% price discount on fruit, vegetables, water and diet soft-drinks; or ii) a combined price discount and in-store nutrition education strategy. These interventions will be initiated, at one of five possible time-points, spaced two-months apart. Weekly point-of-sale data will be collected from each community store before, during, and for six months after the six-month intervention period to measure impact on purchasing of discounted food and drinks. Data on physical, social and economic factors influencing weekly store sales will be collected in order to identify important covariates. Intervention fidelity and mediators of behaviour change will also be assessed. DiscussionThis study will provide original evidence on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of price discounts with or withou

Background Indigenous Australians suffer a disproportionate burden of preventable chronic disease compared to their non-Indigenous counterparts – much of it diet-related. Increasing fruit and vegetable intakes and reducing sugar-sweetened soft-drink consumption can reduce the risk of preventable chronic disease. There is evidence from some general population studies that subsidising healthier foods can modify dietary behaviour. There is little such evidence relating specifically to socio-economically disadvantaged populations, even though dietary behaviour in such populations is arguably more likely to be susceptible to such interventions. This study aims to assess the impact and cost-effectiveness of a price discount intervention with or without an in-store nutrition education intervention on purchases of fruit, vegetables, water and diet soft-drinks among remote Indigenous communities. Methods/Design We will utilise a randomised multiple baseline (stepped wedge) design involving 20 communities in remote Indigenous Australia. The study will be conducted in partnership with two store associations and twenty Indigenous store boards. Communities will be randomised to either i) a 20% price discount on fruit, vegetables, water and diet soft-drinks; or ii) a combined price discount and in-store nutrition education strategy. These interventions will be initiated, at one of five possible time-points, spaced two-months apart. Weekly point-of-sale data will be collected from each community store before, during, and for six months after the six-month intervention period to measure impact on purchasing of discounted food and drinks. Data on physical, social and economic factors influencing weekly store sales will be collected in order to identify important covariates. Intervention fidelity and mediators of behaviour change will also be assessed. Discussion This study will provide original evidence on th

Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Western countries have looked for ways to limit Russia’s oil income. This paper considers, theoretically and quantitatively, two such options: 1) an export-quantity restriction and 2) a forced discount on Russian oil. We build a parsimonious quantifiable model of the global oil market and analyze how each of these policies affect: which Russian oil fields fall out of production; the global oil supply; and the global oil price. By these statics we derive the effects of the policies on Russian oil profits and oil-importers' surplus. The potential effects on Russian oil profits are massive. In the short run (within the first year), a quantity restriction of 20% yields Russian losses of 62 million USD per day, equivalent to 1.3% of GDP and 35% of military spending. In the long run (beyond a year) new investments become unprofitable and losses rise to 100 million USD/day, 2% of GDP and 56% of military spending. A price discount of 20% yields losses of 152 million USD per day, equivalent to 3.1% of GDP and 85% of military spending in the short run. In the long run, results are largely the same in terms of Russian profit losses, with the addition that investment in the oil sector will be harmed. A price discount puts generally more burden on Russia and less on importers compared to a quantity restriction. In fact, a price discount implies net gains for oil importers as it essentially redistributes oil rents from Russia to importers. If the restrictions are expected to last for long, the burden on oil importers decreases. Overall, both policies at all levels imply larger relative losses for Russia than for oil importers (in shares of their GDP). The case for a price discount on Russian oil is thus very strong, should oil importers want to escalate the economic warfare with Russia.

Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Western countries have looked for ways to limit Russia’s oil income. This paper considers, theoretically and quantitatively, two such options: 1) an export-quantity restriction and 2) a forced discount on Russian oil. We build a parsimonious quantifiable model of the global oil market and analyze how each of these policies affect: which Russian oil fields fall out of production; the global oil supply; and the global oil price. By these statics we derive the effects of the policies on Russian oil profits and oil-importers' surplus. The potential effects on Russian oil profits are massive. In the short run (within the first year), a quantity restriction of 20% yields Russian losses of 62 million USD per day, equivalent to 1.3% of GDP and 35% of military spending. In the long run (beyond a year) new investments become unprofitable and losses rise to 100 million USD/day, 2% of GDP and 56% of military spending. A price discount of 20% yields losses of 152 million USD per day, equivalent to 3.1% of GDP and 85% of military spending in the short run. In the long run, results are largely the same in terms of Russian profit losses, with the addition that investment in the oil sector will be harmed. A price discount puts generally more burden on Russia and less on importers compared to a quantity restriction. In fact, a price discount implies net gains for oil importers as it essentially redistributes oil rents from Russia to importers. If the restrictions are expected to last for long, the burden on oil importers decreases. Overall, both policies at all levels imply larger relative losses for Russia than for oil importers (in shares of their GDP). The case for a price discount on Russian oil is thus very strong, should oil importers want to escalate the economic warfare with Russia.

Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Western countries have looked for ways to limit Russia’s oil income. This paper considers, theoretically and quantitatively, two such options: 1) an export-quantity restriction and 2) a forced discount on Russian oil. We build a parsimonious quantifiable model of the global oil market and analyze how each of these policies affect: which Russian oil fields fall out of production; the global oil supply; and the global oil price. By these statics we derive the effects of the policies on Russian oil profits and oil-importers' surplus. The potential effects on Russian oil profits are massive. In the short run (within the first year), a quantity restriction of 20% yields Russian losses of 62 million USD per day, equivalent to 1.3% of GDP and 35% of military spending. In the long run (beyond a year) new investments become unprofitable and losses rise to 100 million USD/day, 2% of GDP and 56% of military spending. A price discount of 20% yields losses of 152 million USD per day, equivalent to 3.1% of GDP and 85% of military spending in the short run. In the long run, results are largely the same in terms of Russian profit losses, with the addition that investment in the oil sector will be harmed. A price discount puts generally more burden on Russia and less on importers compared to a quantity restriction. In fact, a price discount implies net gains for oil importers as it essentially redistributes oil rents from Russia to importers. If the restrictions are expected to last for long, the burden on oil importers decreases. Overall, both policies at all levels imply larger relative losses for Russia than for oil importers (in shares of their GDP). The case for a price discount on Russian oil is thus very strong, should oil importers want to escalate the economic warfare with Russia.

Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Western countries have looked for ways to limit Russia’s oil income. This paper considers, theoretically and quantitatively, two such options: 1) an export-quantity restriction and 2) a forced discount on Russian oil. We build a parsimonious quantifiable model of the global oil market and analyze how each of these policies affect: which Russian oil fields fall out of production; the global oil supply; and the global oil price. By these statics we derive the effects of the policies on Russian oil profits and oil-importers' surplus. The potential effects on Russian oil profits are massive. In the short run (within the first year), a quantity restriction of 20% yields Russian losses of 62 million USD per day, equivalent to 1.3% of GDP and 35% of military spending. In the long run (beyond a year) new investments become unprofitable and losses rise to 100 million USD/day, 2% of GDP and 56% of military spending. A price discount of 20% yields losses of 152 million USD per day, equivalent to 3.1% of GDP and 85% of military spending in the short run. In the long run, results are largely the same in terms of Russian profit losses, with the addition that investment in the oil sector will be harmed. A price discount puts generally more burden on Russia and less on importers compared to a quantity restriction. In fact, a price discount implies net gains for oil importers as it essentially redistributes oil rents from Russia to importers. If the restrictions are expected to last for long, the burden on oil importers decreases. Overall, both policies at all levels imply larger relative losses for Russia than for oil importers (in shares of their GDP). The case for a price discount on Russian oil is thus very strong, should oil importers want to escalate the economic warfare with Russia.

Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Western countries have looked for ways to limit Russia’s oil income. This paper considers, theoretically and quantitatively, two such options: 1) an export-quantity restriction and 2) a forced discount on Russian oil. We build a parsimonious quantifiable model of the global oil market and analyze how each of these policies affect: which Russian oil fields fall out of production; the global oil supply; and the global oil price. By these statics we derive the effects of the policies on Russian oil profits and oil-importers' surplus. The potential effects on Russian oil profits are massive. In the short run (within the first year), a quantity restriction of 20% yields Russian losses of 62 million USD per day, equivalent to 1.3% of GDP and 35% of military spending. In the long run (beyond a year) new investments become unprofitable and losses rise to 100 million USD/day, 2% of GDP and 56% of military spending. A price discount of 20% yields losses of 152 million USD per day, equivalent to 3.1% of GDP and 85% of military spending in the short run. In the long run, results are largely the same in terms of Russian profit losses, with the addition that investment in the oil sector will be harmed. A price discount puts generally more burden on Russia and less on importers compared to a quantity restriction. In fact, a price discount implies net gains for oil importers as it essentially redistributes oil rents from Russia to importers. If the restrictions are expected to last for long, the burden on oil importers decreases. Overall, both policies at all levels imply larger relative losses for Russia than for oil importers (in shares of their GDP). The case for a price discount on Russian oil is thus very strong, should oil importers want to escalate the economic warfare with Russia.

It is very important for service industries to decentralize consumers at peak time, and thereby to increase sales not at peak time. This study discusses an optimal number of business hours for a service industry when the service provider offers a price discount immediately after the opening time and just before the closing time. For a specific ideal service time distribution of consumers, the optimal opening and closing time are explored. Clarified are the conditions under which an optimal number of business hours exists to maximize the social welfare. Numerical examples are also presented to illustrate the theoretical underpinnings of the proposed model.

It is very important for service industries to decentralize consumers at peak time, and thereby to increase sales not at peak time. This study discusses an optimal number of business hours for a service industry when the service provider offers a price discount immediately after the opening time and just before the closing time. For a specific ideal service time distribution of consumers, the optimal opening and closing time are explored. Clarified are the conditions under which an optimal number of business hours exists to maximize the social welfare. Numerical examples are also presented to illustrate the theoretical underpinnings of the proposed model.