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Malnutrition is prevalent among surgical candidates and associated with adverse outcomes. Despite being potentially modifiable, malnutrition risk screening is not a standard preoperative practice. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to understand healthcare professionals' (HCP) opinions and barriers regarding screening and treatment of malnutrition. HCPs working with adult surgical patients in Canada were invited to complete an online survey. Barriers to preoperative malnutrition screening were assessed using the Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behaviour model. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data were analyzed using summative content analysis. Of the 225 HCPs surveyed (n=111 dietitians, n=72 physicians, n=42 allied healthcare professionals), 96%-100% agreed that preoperative malnutrition is a modifiable risk factor associated with worse surgical outcomes and is a treatment priority. Yet, 65% (n=142/220; dietitians: 88% vs. physicians: 40%) reported screening for malnutrition, mostly in the postoperative period (n=117) by dietitians (n=94), and just 42% (48/113) of non-dietitian respondents referred positively screened patients to a dietitian for further assessment and treatment. The most prevalent barriers for malnutrition screening were related to opportunity, including availability of resources (57%, n=121/212), time (40%, n=84/212) and support from others (38%, n=80/212). In conclusion, there is a gap between opinion and practice among surgical HCPs pertaining to malnutrition. Although HCPs agreed malnutrition is a surgical priority, the opportunity to screen for nutrition risk was a great barrier.

Background: An estimated 750,000 to 1 million people live with an ostomy, and approximately 100,000 – 120,000 people undergo the creation of a new ostomy surgery every year. Faster recovery times have decreased ostomy patients’ post-operative hospital length of stay (LOS). As a result, patients have limited time to receive adequate ostomy education and training during hospitalization. Because the LOS is short, providing necessary patient education, training, and stoma site marking (SSM) before ostomy surgery as an outpatient can impact patients’ well-being, decreasing ostomy-related complications and reducing financial burden. Objectives: This preoperative ostomy care quality improvement (QI) pilot project aimed to evaluate the impact of providing preoperative ostomy education, care training, and stoma site marking (SSM) on patients undergoing scheduled fecal ostomy creation surgery, including length of stay (LOS), emergency department (ED) visitation, and readmission occurrences associated with ostomy issues including dehydration and acute renal insufficiency. Methods: This QI project was a single-site project at a large community hospital in Los Angeles County. The project's subjects included two groups of adult patients who had undergone scheduled colorectal surgery for new fecal ostomy creation: those who had surgery prior to initiation of the QI project (non-intervention group); and those who had surgery after initiation of the intervention for the QI project (intervention group). The QI project used a pre-and post-intervention design and was guided by the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle. The intervention implementation was for four months, and the data collection was for a total of five months. Due to the small sample size, a descriptive statistical analysis was used. Results: The control group had 26 participants, and the intervention group had five participants. The average LOS in the control group was 7.2 days, and 3.8 days in the intervention group. The tot

BACKGROUND: High-risk alcohol use is a common preventable risk factor for postoperative complications, admission to intensive care, and longer hospital stays. Short-term abstinence from alcohol use (2 to 4 weeks) prior to surgery is linked to a lower likelihood of postoperative complications. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to explore the acceptability and feasibility of 2 brief counseling approaches to reduce alcohol use in elective surgical patients with high-risk alcohol use in the perioperative period. METHODS: A semistructured interview study was conducted with a group of high responders (who reduced alcohol use ≥50% postbaseline) and low responders (who reduced alcohol use by ≤25% postbaseline) after their completion of a pilot trial to explore the acceptability and perceived impacts on drinking behaviors of the 2 counseling interventions delivered remotely by phone or video call. Interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: In total, 19 participants (10 high responders and 9 low responders) from the parent trial took part in interviews. Three main themes were identified: (1) the intervention content was novel and impactful, (2) the choice of intervention modality enhanced participant engagement in the intervention, and (3) factors external to the interventions also influenced alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the acceptability of both high- and low-intensity brief counseling approaches. Elective surgical patients are interested in receiving alcohol-focused education, and further research is needed to test the effectiveness of these interventions in reducing drinking before and after surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03929562; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03929562.

Preoperative clinical MRI protocols for gliomas, brain tumors with dismal outcomes due to their infiltrative properties, still rely on conventional structural MRI, which does not deliver information on tumor genotype and is limited in the delineation of diffuse gliomas. The GliMR COST action wants to raise awareness about the state of the art of advanced MRI techniques in gliomas and their possible clinical translation. This review describes current methods, limits, and applications of advanced MRI for the preoperative assessment of glioma, summarizing the level of clinical validation of different techniques. In this second part, we review magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST), susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), MRI-PET, MR elastography (MRE), and MR-based radiomics applications. The first part of this review addresses dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI, arterial spin labeling (ASL), diffusion-weighted MRI, vessel imaging, and magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF). Evidence Level: 3. Technical Efficacy: Stage 2., ImPhys/Vos group, ImPhys/Computational Imaging, Medical Delta

Preoperative clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols for gliomas, brain tumors with dismal outcomes due to their infiltrative properties, still rely on conventional structural MRI, which does not deliver information on tumor genotype and is limited in the delineation of diffuse gliomas. The GliMR COST action wants to raise awareness about the state of the art of advanced MRI techniques in gliomas and their possible clinical translation or lack thereof. This review describes current methods, limits, and applications of advanced MRI for the preoperative assessment of glioma, summarizing the level of clinical validation of different techniques. In this first part, we discuss dynamic susceptibility contrast and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, arterial spin labeling, diffusion-weighted MRI, vessel imaging, and magnetic resonance fingerprinting. The second part of this review addresses magnetic resonance spectroscopy, chemical exchange saturation transfer, susceptibility-weighted imaging, MRI-PET, MR elastography, and MR-based radiomics applications. Evidence Level: 3. Technical Efficacy: Stage 2., ImPhys/Vos group, ImPhys/Computational Imaging, Medical Delta

Objectives: To explore the effects of preoperative high-intensity interval training (HIIT) compared to usual care on tumour natural killer (NK)-cell infiltration in men with localised prostate cancer (PCa), as NK-cell infiltration has been proposed as one of the key mechanisms whereby exercise can modulate human tumours. Patients and Methods: A total of 30 patients with localised PCa undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) were randomised (2:1) to either preoperative aerobic HIIT four-times weekly (EX; n = 20) or usual care (CON; n = 10) from time of inclusion until scheduled surgery. Tumour NK-cell infiltration was assessed by immunohistochemistry (CD56+) in diagnostic core needle biopsies and corresponding prostatic tissue from the RP. Changes in cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, blood biochemistry, and health-related quality of life were also evaluated. Results: The change in tumour NK-cell infiltration did not differ between the EX and CON groups (between-group difference: −0.09 cells/mm2, 95% confidence interval [CI] –1.85 to 1.66; P = 0.913) in the intention-to-treat analysis. The total number of exercise sessions varied considerably from four to 30 sessions. The per-protocol analysis showed a significant increase in tumour NK-cell infiltration of 1.60 cells/mm2 (95% CI 0.59 to 2.62; P = 0.004) in the EX group. Further, the total number of training sessions was positively correlated with the change in NK-cell infiltration (r = 0.526, P = 0.021), peak oxygen uptake (r = 0.514, P = 0.035) and peak power output (r = 0.506, P = 0.038). Conclusion: Preoperative HIIT did not result in between-group differences in tumour NK-cell infiltration. Per-protocol and exploratory analyses demonstrate an enhanced NK-cell infiltration in PCa. Future studies are needed to test the capability of exercise to increase tumour immune cell infiltration.

BackgroundPreoperative medical evaluation serves to identify risk factors and optimize patients before surgery. Providing a telehealth option in the perioperative setting has played a significant role in reducing barriers to quality perioperative health care.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate how telemedicine preoperative evaluations using Clinical Video Telehealth (CVT) impact hospital length of stay.MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review between 2016 and 2017 of adult patients who underwent evaluations in our hospitalist-run preoperative medicine clinic. Patients seen in our preoperative CVT program were compared to patients seen in person to evaluate the association of visit type (preoperative CVT versus in-person evaluation) with hospital length of stay, defined as hospital stay from postoperative day 0 to discharge. There were 62 patients included in this retrospective study.ResultsThe adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) for hospital length of stay was significantly shorter in patients who underwent preoperative CVT compared to an in-person visit (IRR 0.52, 95% CI 0.29-0.92, P=.02).ConclusionsAfter adjusting for age and comorbidities, we show that preoperative telemedicine in the perioperative setting is associated with a shorter hospital length of stay compared to in-person visits. This suggests that telemedicine can play a viable role in this clinical setting.

ObjectiveDescribe the implementation of a preoperative telemedicine program at a Northern California hospital-based center for abortion procedures requiring cervical preparation.Study designWe implemented a pilot program using telemedicine for preoperative visits for patients needing cervical preparation prior to an abortion procedure from 12 to 18 weeks. We required ultrasonography for gestational age documentation in addition to placental localization in patients with a prior cesarean delivery. We prescribed misoprostol for cervical preparation for patients undergoing the telemedicine preoperative visit; in-person preoperative visits typically involve placement of osmotic dilators. Secondarily, we surveyed patients who had telemedicine and in-person preoperative visits to compare their preoperative experiences.ResultsImplementation required 8 months of multidisciplinary meetings. From March 2018 through March 2019, we received 200 abortion referrals at 12 to 18 weeks gestation. Of these 200 patients, 119 did not meet telemedicine eligibility criteria, most commonly due to inability to obtain required ultrasonography (n = 89 [75%]). Of the remaining 81 patients, 43 scheduled telemedicine visits of which 41 initiated and 38 (88%) completed the visits. Twenty-one (55%) telemedicine encounters had no or minor technical difficulties. Thirty-one of 34 (91%) telemedicine and 91 of 108 (84%) in-person visit patients expressed high satisfaction with their preoperative appointment (p = 0.4); none reported dissatisfaction. Patients chose the telemedicine visit primarily for convenience and transportation concerns.ConclusionA multidisciplinary team is essential for the successful implementation of a preoperative telemedicine program for procedural abortion care. Patients reported high satisfaction and reduced logistical burdens with the telemedicine option.ImplicationsTelemedicine preoperative visits for abortion procedures at 12 to 18 weeks gestation may

Background: Preoperative anxiety is a common issue in surgery. Preoperative anxiety may lead to increased mortality, pain and dissatisfaction with surgery. Melatonin is a drug with only mild adverse effects and has previously been shown to reduce anxiety and pain in the perioperative setting. The aim of study was to investigate the anxiolytic effect of melatonin in the preoperative setting. Methods: This study was a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Included patients were allocated in the ratio 1:1 to either the placebo group or the melatonin group. Patients received 10 mg melatonin or placebo the evening before surgery, 2 h before surgery, immediately after surgery and the evening after surgery. Preoperative anxiety was examined 1 h before surgery, using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire, along with a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of anxiety. Furthermore, participants filled out a sleep log each morning, where we examined sleep quality, comfort and drowsiness. Results: Sixteen patients received placebo treatment and 17 patients received melatonin. Median state anxiety on the STAI scale at baseline was 27 (interquartile range [IQR] 22–34) for the melatonin group and 27 (IQR 23–31) for the placebo group. In the primary outcome of preoperative anxiety 1 h before surgery, the median state anxiety on the STAI scale was 27 (IQR 24–34) for the melatonin group and 28 (24–33) for the placebo group, p =.814. VAS anxiety was median 7 (0–28) for the melatonin group and median 7 (1–13) for the placebo group, p =.813. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the secondary outcomes of sleep quality and consumption of analgesics. Conclusion: Melatonin did not reduce preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing hernia repair. Preoperative anxiety levels were low, which limits the generalisability of our findings.

Objective: Considering that epilepsy is common, and knowledge is lacking on its role especially for the prognosis of high-grade gliomas, the objective of this study was to investigate the association between epilepsy prior to glioma diagnosis and survival among glioma patients. Methods: In a nationwide population-based cohort study, we included 3763 adult glioma patients diagnosed between 2009 and 2018 according to the Danish Neuro-Oncology Registry. Information on epilepsy was redeemed through Danish Neuro-Oncology Registry, National Patient Registry, and National Prescription Registry. Cox proportional hazard models with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to examine hazard ratios (HRs) for the association between epilepsy (< 1 year prior to glioma including epilepsy at onset; 1–10 years prior to glioma; no prior epilepsy) and risk of death, and whether it differed according to tumor grade and size, performance status, and treatment modalities. Results: A 32% decreased risk of death in patients with epilepsy within 1 year prior to glioma compared to no prior epilepsy was found (HR = 0.68; CI 0.63–0.75). A favorable prognosis was seen for epilepsy in all glioma grades: II (HR = 0.55; CI 0.39–0.77), III (HR = 0.59; CI 0.48–0.73), and IV (HR = 0.85; CI 0.77–0.94). Conclusions: Patients with epilepsy within 1 year prior to glioma diagnosis had significant survival benefits compared to patients with no prior epilepsy. This association was significant for both low-grade gliomas (grade II) and high-grade gliomas (grade III and IV). Survival benefits in glioma patients with epilepsy at onset are possibly primarily attributable to tumor-specific histopathology, molecular biomarkers, and early diagnosis.

This narrative review presents a biological rationale and evidence to describe how the preoperative condition of the patient contributes to postoperative morbidity. Any preoperative condition that prevents a patient from tolerating the physiological stress of surgery (e.g. poor cardiopulmonary reserve, sarcopaenia), impairs the stress response (e.g. malnutrition, frailty), and/or augments the catabolic response to stress (e.g. insulin resistance) is a risk factor for poor surgical outcomes. Prehabilitation interventions that include exercise, nutrition, and psychosocial components can be applied before surgery to strengthen physiological reserve and enhance functional capacity, which, in turn, supports recovery through attaining surgical resilience. Prehabilitation complements Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) care to achieve optimal patient outcomes because recovery is not a passive process and it begins preoperatively., Corrigenum epub ahead of print in British Journal of Anaesthesia, 15 March 2022.Corrigendum to ‘Prehabilitation, enhanced recovery after surgery, or both? A narrative review’ (Br J Anaesth 2022; 128: 434-48)Author links open overlay. Chelsia Gillis, Olle Ljungqvist, Francesco Carli. DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2022.03.001

Hintergrund: Kindliche präoperative Angst ist in der Pädiatrie ein zentrales Thema, welches physische und psychische Gesundheitsfolgen begünstigt und Genesungsprozesse verlängert. Ziel: Diese Bachelorarbeit befasst sich mit evidenzbasierten pflegerischen, nichtmedikamentösen Massnahmen, welche präoperative Angst bei Primarschulkindern reduzieren. Methode: Vom Juli bis Oktober 2020 wurden systematisierte Literaturrecherchen in den pflegerelevanten Datenbanken CINAHL Complete, Medline und PubMed durchgeführt. Sekundärliteratur und Bücher wurden zur Stützung der Primärliteratur in dieser Arbeit verwendet. Weiter wurden das Evidence-Based Nursing Modell und das Angstmodell nach Peplau miteinbezogen. Ergebnisse: Es wurden neun geeignete Studien, davon drei qualitative und sechs quantitative, gefunden, analysiert, zusammengefasst und auf ihre Güte beurteilt. Die aus den Studienergebnissen hervorgegangenen Interventionen erachten Pflegefachpersonen und Kinder als hilfreich, da diese kindliche Angst massgebend reduzieren. Sie wurden in die Kategorien Edukation, Beziehung, Ablenkung, Organisation und Interaktion eingeteilt. Schlussfolgerungen: Durch den engen Patientenkontakt spielen Pflegefachpersonen bei kindlicher Angstminderung eine wichtige Rolle. Pflegefachpersonen sollten kindliche Angst erkennen, kindgerechte Kommunikation verwenden und eine patienten- sowie familienzentrierte Pflege zum Ziel haben. Erstrebenswert wäre, dass alle Pflegefachpersonen, auch solche, die nicht auf pädiatrischen Abteilungen arbeiten, pädiatrische Basics anhand von Schulungen erlernen würden.

Background: Preoperative nutrition intervention is recommended prior to upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancer resection; however, there is limited understanding of interventions received in current clinical practice. This study investigated type and frequency of preoperative dietetics intervention and nutrition support received and clinical and demographic factors associated with receipt of intervention. Associations between intervention and preoperative weight loss, surgical length of stay (LOS), and complications were also investigated. Methods: The NOURISH Point Prevalence Study was conducted between September 2019 and May 2020 across 27 Australian tertiary centres. Subjective global assessment and weight were performed within 7 days of admission. Patients reported on preoperative dietetics and nutrition intervention, and surgical LOS and complications were recorded. Results: Two-hundred patients participated (59% male, mean (standard deviation) age 67 (10)). Sixty percent had seen a dietitian preoperatively, whilst 50% were receiving nutrition support (92% oral nutrition support (ONS)). Patients undergoing pancreatic surgery were less likely to receive dietetics intervention and nutrition support than oesophageal or gastric surgeries (p < 0.001 and p = 0.029, respectively). Neoadjuvant therapy (p = 0.003) and malnutrition (p = 0.046) remained independently associated with receiving dietetics intervention; however, 31.3% of malnourished patients had not seen a dietitian. Patients who received ≥3 dietetics appointments had lower mean (SD) percentage weight loss at the 1-month preoperative timeframe compared with patients who received 0–2 appointments (1.2 (2.0) vs. 3.1 (3.3), p = 0.001). Patients who received ONS for >2 weeks had lower mean (SD) percentage weight loss than those who did not (1.2 (1.8) vs. 2.9 (3.4), p = 0.001). In malnourished patients, total dietetics appointments ≥3 was independently associated with reduced surgical complications (od

Anestesisjuksköterskan är den första personen som patienter träffar under det preoperativa mötet. Därför har hon ansvaret för det preoperativa vårdprocessen och mötet samt har skyldighet att bjuda in patienter till samtal. Oro är förekommande fenomen som patienter känner inför anestesi och operation. Flera studier har påvisat att majoriteten av patienter som ska genomgå anestesi och operation upplever oro och det preoperativa oro orsakar postoperativa komplikationer samt framtida konsekvenser för patienter. Därför är det angeläget att anestesisjuksköterskor känner till strategier som lindrar patienters oro. Syftet med studien är att belysa anestesisjuksköterskors strategier i det preoperativa mötet för att lindra patienters oro inför generell och regional anestesi. En litteraturstudie där kvalitativa studier har granskats används för att svara på studiens forskningsfråga. Studiens resultat mynnande ut i 2 huvudkategorier: Kommunikation och anestesisjuksköterskans möte med patienten. Med hjälp av kommunikation såg anestesisjuksköterskan till att ge tillräcklig information till patienter för att patienten ska känna sig väl förbered. Därmed ökades patienters kunskaper om anestesi och operation vilket reducerar patienters preoperativa oro. Genom anestesisjuksköterskans möte med patienten identifierades tecken på oro vilket även gav bekräftelse på patienters känslor. Därigenom förmedlade anestesisjuksköterskan trygghet till patienten genom sin närvaro och använde olika vårdande handlingar för att reducera patienters oro. Att använda olika strategier har en verksam effekt på patienters välbefinnande och fysiologiska funktioner.

Background: Substantial postoperative complications occur after tumor resection for esophagogastric cancers. Physical prehabilitation programs aim to prepare patients for surgery by improving their functional status with the aim of reducing postoperative complications. This systematic review aims to summarize the effects of physical prehabilitation programs on exercise capacity, muscle strength, respiratory muscle function, postoperative outcomes, and health-related quality of life and to determine the optimal design of such a program to improve these outcomes in esophagogastric cancer patients undergoing tumor resection. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Scopus, and PEDro databases to identify studies evaluating the effects of physical prehabilitation program on exercise capacity, muscle strength, respiratory muscle function, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, mortality, and health-related quality of life in patients with esophagogastric cancer awaiting surgery. Data from all studies meeting the inclusion criteria were extracted. The quality of each selected study was determined using the Downs and Black checklist. Results: Seven studies with 645 participants were included. The preoperative exercise program consisted of respiratory training alone in three studies, a combination of aerobic and resistance training in two studies, and a combination of respiratory, aerobic, and resistance training in two studies. Training frequency ranged from three times a day to twice a week and each session lasted between 20 and 75 minutes. Four studies were of fair quality and three of good quality. Some studies reported improvements in maximal inspiratory pressure, inspiratory muscle endurance, postoperative (pulmonary) complications, and length of hospital stay in the preoperative exercise group compared to the control group. Conclusion: This systematic review reports the current evidence for physical preh

Bakgrund: Bröstcancer är den vanligaste cancerformen hos kvinnor och miljoner diagnostiseras varje år världen över. Det är en dramatisk händelse i en kvinnas liv att drabbas och behandlingen består ofta av strålbehandling, cytostatika och kirurgi. Att behöva kirurgiskt avlägsna hela eller delar av ett bröst kan innebära många tankar och känslor. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att belysa hur patienter med bröstcancer upplever tiden mellan diagnos och operation. Metod: Detta är en litteraturstudie baserad på 11 kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar vilka insamlades via PubMed, CINAHL samt PsycInfo. Samtliga studier kvalitetsgranskades med Statens Beredning för Medicinsk och Social Utvärdering (SBU:s) utarbetade granskningsmall samt analyserades med hjälp av Lundman & Graneheims metod för dataanalys. Resultat: Efter genomförd resultatanalys upptäcktes flera aspekter av upplevelser som var kopplade till att diagnostiseras med bröstcancer och vänta på operation. Patienternas upplevelser kunde delas in i fem kategorier med tillhörande subkategorier, dessa var; Upplevelser av psykisk belastning, Upplevelser av förändrad kropp- och självbild, Upplevelser kopplat till nära relationer, Att hantera situationen samt Upplevelser av sjukvården och sjuksköterskans roll. Slutsats: Till största del identifierades negativa känslor under tiden mellan diagnos till operation, men även en del positiva insikter. Med tanke på resultatet i denna studie föreligger det ett behov hos denna patientgrupp av en etablerad kontakt och ett stöd från sjukvården under just denna tid, dock bör detta utgå från den unika patientens behov., Background: Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in women and millions are diagnosed each year worldwide. It is a dramatic event in a woman's life to be affected and the treatment often consists of radiation therapy, chemotherapy and surgery. Having to surgically remove all or part of a breast can implicate many thoughts and feelings. Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate how patients with breast cancer experience the time between diagnosis and surgery. Method: This is a literature study based on 11 qualitative scientific articles which were collected via PubMed, CINAHL and PsycInfo. All studies were quality audited with Statens Beredning för Medicinsk och Social Utvärdering (SBU:s) prepared review template and analyzed using Lundman & Graneheim's method for data analysis. Result: After performing results analysis, several aspects of experiences were discovered that were linked to being diagnosed with breast cancer and waiting for surgery. The patients' experiences could be divided into five categories with associated subcategories, these were; Experiences of mental stress, Experiences of changed body and self-image, Experiences linked to close relationships, Dealing with the situation and Experiences of healthcare and the role of the nurse. Conclusion: Broadly, negative emotions were identified in the period between diagnosis and surgery, but also some positive insights. Given the results of this study, there is a need for established contact and support from healthcare during this particular time for this patient group, however, this should be based on the unique patient's needs.

Bakgrund: Postoperativ smärta är något som många patienter upplever i samband med kirurgiska ingrepp. Måttlig till intensiv smärta är vanligt förekommande inom hälso- och sjukvården och otillräcklig utbildning och okunskap kan bidra med en rad olika komplikationer efter operation. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa pre- och postoperativa omvårdnadsinsatser i relation till smärta. Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie med induktiv ansats, där sökningar genomfördes i två olika databaser och resulterade i 12 vetenskapliga artiklar med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ metod som granskades och analyserades i fem steg. Resultat: Resultatet består av två kategorier och sex subkategorier. Kategorierna som presenteras i resultatet var Preoperativa omvårdnadsinsatser med subkategorierna premedicinering och vikten av god information till patienten. Postoperativa omvårdnadsinsatser med subkategorierna bedömning av smärta, sjuksköterskans samlade erfarenhet, standardiserade vårdförlopp och mobiliseringens betydelse. I resultatet framkom det att premedicinering, muntlig och skriftlig information samt betydelsen av mobilisering hade viktig roll i den pre- och postoperativa vården och för patientens smärta och lidande. Konklusion: Litteraturstudien visar att riktade omvårdnadsinsatser i pre- och postoperativa skedet kan bidra till en förbättra vård genom att sjuksköterskor får ökad kunskap och utbildning. Vidare sågs ett behov av fortsatt utbildning med fokus på preoperativa korrekt bedömning, behandling och omvårdnad vid smärta i samband med kirurgi., Background: Postoperative pain is a common experience for patients who have hadsurgical intervention. Moderate to intensive pain is a commonly occurring issuewithin the healthcare system and insufficient education and misjudgement can resultin a series of complications post operation. Aim: The aim of this study was tohighlight pre- and postoperative nursing interventions, in relation to pain. Method: Aliterature review with inductive run-up and the searches were made through twodifferent databases resulting in 12 scientific articles, both qualitative and quantitativemethodologies, which were then reviewed and analysed. Result: The result consistsof two themes and six sub-categories. The theme which is presented as part of theresults here-in are Preoperative healthcare measures with the following subcategories: Pre-medication and the Importance of good information to thepatient. Postoperative healthcare measures with the following sub-categories:Assessment of pain, the gathered experiences of the nurse, Standardized careprocesses and Importance of mobilization. The results gathered that premedication,verbal and written information, as well as the significance of mobilization, all had animportant role in the pre- and postoperative healthcare and the pain and suffering ofthe patient. Conclusion: The general literary study shows that targeted nursinginterventions in the pre- and postoperative phase can contribute to improved care bygiving nurses increased knowledge and training. In addition, it was shown that furthertraining focusing on correct preoperative assessments, treatment and care in surgeryrelated pain, is indeed important.

Den information som operationssjuksköterskan förmedlar till patienten före, under och efter en elektiv kirurgisk operation kan minska patientens oro och risken för operativa komplikationer. Rätt information kan även minska antalet inställda elektiva kirurgiska ingrepp, förkorta patientens vårdtid samt minska antalet vårdskador och användningen av smärtmedicinering. Ändå är forskningen om vilken information som patienterna önskar i samband med elektiv kirurgi otillräcklig. Syftet med denna studie var därför att sammanställa kunskap om vilken information patienter som skall genomgå elektiv kirurgi har behov av. För att tillmötesgå syftet genomfördes en integrativ litteraturstudie utifrån 15 vetenskapliga artiklar baserade på kvalitativ och kvantitativ metod. Den integrativa litteraturstudien analyserades utifrån kvalitativ metod och strukturerades efter två huvudteman som benämndes heltäckande information samt Personcentrerad information. Resultatet visade att operationsteam och operationssjuksköterskor försökte tillmötesgå patienternas varierade och individuella behov av skriftlig och muntlig information under den preoperativa, operativa och postoperativa perioden i omsorgsvårdsprocessen. Under den preoperativa perioden ville patienterna främst få individualiserade verbala eller skriftliga svar på sina frågor. Under den postoperativa perioden ville patienterna få mer omfattande information än vad som i praktiken gavs. Patienterna ville få en så heltäckande, varierad och individanpassad verbal eller skriftlig information som möjligt. Emellertid förekom skillnader mellan operationsteamets och patienternas önskemål och sätt att tolka information. Patienterna ville få en mer personcentrerad och empatisk förståelse samt fullständig information om operationens långsiktiga resultat. När sådan information inte gavs fullt ut kunde patienterna känna sig otrygga inför operationen och ovissa i egenvården efter operationen. Slutsatsen blev därför att operationssjuksköterskan behö, The information the surgical nurse communicates to the patient before, during and after an elective surgical operation can reduce the patient's concern and the risk of operative complications. Correct information can also reduce the number of elective surgical procedures canceled, shorten the patient's care time, and reduce the number of medical injuries and the use of pain medication. Nevertheless, there is lacking research on what information patients want in conjunction with elective surgery. The purpose of this study was therefore to compile knowledge about what information patients who are to undergo elective surgery need. To meet the purpose, an integrative literature study was conducted on the basis of 15 scientific articles based on qualitative and quantitative method. The integrative literature study was analyzed using a qualitative method and structured according to two main themes called comprehensive information and person-centered information. The result showed that surgery teams and surgery nurses tried to meet patients' varied and individual needs for written and oral information during the preoperative, operative and postoperative period of the careprocess. During the preoperative period, patients primarily wanted more individualised verbal or written answers to their questions. During the postoperative period, patients wanted more comprehensive information than was provided in practice, and patients wanted as comprehensive, varied and individualized verbal or written information as possible. However, there were differences between the surgical team's and the patients' information preferences, where the patients could want a more person-centered and empathetic understanding as well as complete information about the long-term results of the operation. When such person-centered information was not fully provided, patients could feel insecure before the operation and uncertain in self-care after the operation. The conclusion was therefore that the surgi

This prospective study aims to determine the overall health-related quality of life (HRQoL), functioning, fatigue, and psychological distress preoperatively in patients with suspected diffuse low-grade glioma (dLGG). We were particularly interested if these parameters differed by molecular tumor subtypes: oligodendroglioma, IDHmut astrocytoma and IDHwt astrocytoma. Fifty-one patients answered self-assessed questionnaires prior to operation (median age 51 years; range 19-75; 19 females [37%]). Thirty-five (69%) patients had IDH-mutated tumors, of which 17 were 1p/19q codeleted (i.e., oligodendroglioma) and 18 non-1p/19q codeleted (i.e., IDHmut astrocytoma). A lower overall generic HRQoL was associated with a high level of fatigue (rs = -0.49, p < 0.001), visual disorder (rs = -0.5, p < 0.001), motor dysfunction (rs = -0.51, p < 0.001), depression (rs = -0.54, p < 0.001), and reduced functioning. Nearly half of the patients reported high fatigue (23 out of 51 patients) and anxiety (26/51 patients). Patients with IDHwt had worse generic HRQoL, worse functioning, and more severe fatigue, though differences were not statistically significant between the molecular subtypes. In conclusion, fatigue and anxiety are prominent self-assessed symptoms of patients with suspected dLGG in a preoperative setting, but do not seem to be a reliable method to make assumptions of underlying biology or guide treatment decisions.

A role for incisional biopsy in preoperative prognostication is increasingly being advocated in oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas (OTSCC). Biopsies at two locations were compared, and prognostic factors in biopsies and their corresponding resections were evaluated. A total of 138 OTSCC biopsy slides from Finland and Saudi Arabia were compared for size (horizontal and vertical) and invasive front. The Finnish cases were assessed for tumor stroma ratio (TSR) and tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) using light microscopy and digital image analysis assessment and compared. Furthermore, TSR, TILs, and previously analyzed budding and depth of invasion (BD) score in biopsies were compared with their evaluation in the corresponding resections. Fifty‐nine percent of Finnish and 42% of Saudi Arabian biopsies were ≥ 5 mm deep, while 98% of Saudi Arabian and 76% of Finnish biopsies were ≥ 5 mm wide. Assessment of invasion front was possible in 72% of Finnish in comparison with 40% of Saudi Arabian biopsies. There was 86.8% agreement between TSR and 75% agreement between TIL evaluation using light microscopy and digital assessment. Significant agreement was obtained on comparing the TSR (p = 0.04) and BD (p < 0.001) values in biopsies and resections. Biopsies of ≥ 5 mm depth from representative OTSCC areas are essential for prognostic information. Clinical pathologists are advised to assess BD score and TSR for prognostic features in such biopsies.

Background: The purpose of our study was to research the parameters of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that would predict the outcome of surgery in patients with Chiari 1 malformation (CM1) and to evaluate changes in MRI parameters after surgery. Methods: Fifty-one patients (19 children, 13 adolescents, and 19 adults) operated on due to CM1 in Oulu University Hospital between 2004 and 2018 were evaluated. Seventeen parameters were measured from the preoperative MRI and 11 from the postoperative MRI. The correlations between the MRI parameters and the clinical variables before and after surgery were analyzed. Results: The majority (88.2%) of the patients had favorable surgical outcomes. Postoperatively, subjective symptoms improved in 88.6% of the patients and syringomyelia in 81.8%. The location of the cerebellar tonsils, when measured in relation to the C2 synchondrosis or the end plate, postoperatively moved cranially in 51.0% (n = 26), did not change in 27.4% (n = 14), and moved caudally in 21.6% (n = 11) of the patients. However, neither the location of the tonsils nor any other parameters measured from pre- or postoperative MRI correlated with the patients’ symptoms or surgical outcomes. Conclusions: No specific parameters on preoperative MRI evaluation were predictive of the outcome of surgery, emphasizing clinical examination in surgical decision-making. Furthermore, the postoperative MRI parameters did not correlate with the surgical outcomes. Thus, routine postoperative imaging is suggested only for patients with preoperatively diagnosed syringomyelia or worsening of symptoms.

Background: Hip fracture is a common, painful injury with increasing global incidence. Patients require optimal acute pain management. Systematic reviews have investigated the postoperative use of epidural analgesia and found that it may have advantages over systemic analgesia. It is of interest to determine whether pre-operative use of epidural analgesia is also advantageous. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses on the effect of epidural analgesia on pre-operative pain management in hip fracture patients. Methods: We included randomized controlled trials comparing pre-operatively initiated epidural analgesia with any other method of analgesia, in adults aged ≥55 years scheduled for hip fracture surgery. The main outcome was pre-operative pain at rest. Electronic searches of four medical databases were performed. Two authors independently screened for eligibility, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. We conducted meta-analyses and assessed the certainty of the evidence by Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: Three articles were included, with 179 randomized patients. All studies compared epidural analgesia with systemic analgesia, one additionally with 3-in-1-block. Meta-analyses of pre-operative pain measurements resulted in a mean difference of −5.85 95% CI [−14.90; 3.19] on a 0-100 Visual Analogue Scale with a p-value of 0.17 and a very low certainty of evidence according to the GRADE rating. Conclusions: We did not find a difference in pre-operative pain at rest between epidural analgesia and any other method of pre-operatively initiated analgesia. The studies were few, of low quality and the difference between the two interventions remains unknown.

Background We recently reported outcomes from a Scandinavian Sarcoma Group adjuvant study (SSG XX group A) conducted on localized and operable high risk soft tissue sarcoma (STS) of the extremities and trunk wall. SSG XX, group B, comprised of patients in a defined cohort with locally advanced STS considered at high risk for intralesional surgery. These patients received preoperative accelerated radiotherapy, together with neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy. Herein we report the results of this group B. Methods Twenty patients with high-grade, locally advanced and deep STS located in lower extremities (n = 12), upper extremities (5) or trunk wall (3) were included. The median age was 59 years and 14 patients were males. The treatment regimen consisted of 6 cycles of doxorubicin (60 mg/m2) and ifosfamide (6 g/m2), with three cycles given neoadjuvantly, and preoperative radiotherapy (1, 8 Gyx2/daily to 36 Gy) between cycles 2 and 3. After a repeated MRI surgery was then conducted, and the remaining 3 chemotherapy cycles were given postoperatively at 3 weeks intervals. Survival data, local control, toxicity of chemotherapy and postoperative complications are presented. Results Median follow-up time for metastasis-free survival (MFS) was 2.8 years (range 0.3–10.4). The 5-year MFS was 49.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 31.7–77.4). The median follow-up time was 5.4 years (range 0.3–10.4) for overall survival (OS). The 5-year OS was 64.0% (95% CI 45.8–89.4). The median tumour size was 13 cm, with undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (n = 10) and synovial sarcoma (n = 6) diagnosed most frequently. All patients completed surgery. Resection margins were R0 in 19 patients and R1 in 1 patient. No patients had evidence of disease progression preoperatively. Three patients experienced a local recurrence, in 2 after lung metastases had already been diagnosed. Eleven patients (55%) had postoperative wound problems (temporary in 8 and persistent in 3). Conclusions Preoperative c

Introduction: Routine preoperative esophagogastroduodenscopy (p-EGD) prior to bariatric surgery (BS) is currently widely undertaken, and hence an important issue with many clinical and financial repercussions. Yet, the true extent of why p-EGD is routinely undertaken for all bariatric patients remains not well understood. Methods and analysis: To address this, we will undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis of routine p-EGD prior to BS from around the world. This protocol describes the methodological approach to be adopted and outlines the search strategies and eligibility criteria that will be employed to identify and select studies, and the way by which data from the selected studies will be extracted for analysis. PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Scopus, clinicaltrials.gov and Google scholar will be searched from 01 January 2000 to 30 April 2019 for original studies written in English that provided prevalence estimates of the outcomes of routine p-EGD prior to BS. STROBE criteria will assess the methodological quality of the selected studies. The use of fixed or random effects model will depend on the results of statistical tests for heterogeneity. Publication bias will be visually estimated by assessing funnel plots. Pooled estimates will be calculated. This protocol conforms to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and has been submitted for registration at the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of systematic reviews. No ethical clearance is required for this study. This review will be published in a peer- reviewed journal and will be presented at various national and international conferences. © 2020 The Author(s)

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis searched, retrieved and synthesized the evidence as to whether preoperative esophagogastroduodenoscopy (p-EGD) should be routine before bariatric surgery (BS). Methods: Databases searched for retrospective, prospective, and randomized (RCT) or quasi-RCT studies (01 January 2000–30 April 2019) of outcomes of routine p-EGD before BS. STROBE checklist assessed the quality of the studies. P-EGD findings were categorized: Group 0 (no abnormal findings); Group 1 (abnormal findings that do not necessitate changing the surgical approach or postponing surgery); Group 2 (abnormal findings that change the surgical approach or postpone surgery); and Group 3 (findings that signify absolute contraindications to surgery). We assessed data heterogeneity and publication bias. Random effect model was used. Results: Twenty-five eligible studies were included (10,685 patients). Studies were heterogeneous, and there was publication bias. Group 0 comprised 5424 patients (56%, 95% CI: 45–67%); Group 1, 2064 patients (26%, 95% CI: 23–50%); Group 2, 1351 patients (16%, 95% CI: 11–21%); and Group 3 included 31 patients (0.4%, 95% CI: 0–1%). Conclusion: For 82% of patients, routine p-EGD did not change surgical plan/ postpone surgery. For 16% of patients, p-EGD findings necessitated changing the surgical approach/ postponing surgery, but the proportion of postponements due to medical treatment of H Pylori as opposed to “necessary” substantial change in surgical approach is unclear. For 0.4% patients, p-EGD findings signified absolute contraindication to surgery. These findings invite a revisit to whether p-EGD should be routine before BS, and whether it is judicious to expose many obese patients to an invasive procedure that has potential risk and insufficient evidence of effectiveness. Further justification is required.

Bakgrund: Personer som upplever rädsla och oro inför att genomgå generell anestesi är vanligt förekommande. Preoperativ rädsla och oro kan ha en negativ inverkan på patientens perioperativa process, både psykiskt och fysiskt. Det krävs utarbetade strategier och riktlinjer för hantering av rädsla och oro men forskning och dokumentation om strategier vid omvårdnad av patienter med rädsla och oro är sparsam. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att identifiera anestesisjuksköterskans strategier vid omvårdnad av patienter med rädsla och oro inför att genomgå generell anestesi. Design: Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ och deskriptiv ansats. Metod: Data samlades in genom femton semistrukturerade individuella intervjuer. Data analyserades med kritisk incident teknik (CIT). CIT är en metod som används för att analysera beteenden eller handlingar i särskilda situationer som är avgörande för ett visst resultat. Dessa beteenden eller handlingar kallas för kritiska incidenter och analyseras i syfte att förbättra praktiska ageranden och lösa praktiska problem. Resultat: Sex viktiga strategier vid omvårdnad av patienter med rädsla och oro inför att genomgå generell anestesi identifierades. Dessa strategier var att beskriva förloppet och att samtala med patienten om dennes oro, att vara inkännande och anpassa vården, att balansera delaktighet och vägledning, att uppträda lugnt, planera och skapa en lugn miljö, att skapa en lättsam stämning och att sätta infart och ge läkemedel vid behov. Slutsats: Detta resultat kan bidra till att utveckla, öka och sprida kunskapen om strategier som kan användas vid omvårdnad av patienter med rädsla och oro inför att genomgå generell anestesi, vilket ökar möjligheten till att skapa en så god upplevelse som möjligt för patienten.

Abstrakt Bakgrund: Preoperativ fasta syftar till att minska innehållet- och sänka pH värdet i magsäcken och i sin tur reducera risken för aspiration i samband med induktion. Rekommendationerna som råder idag för preoperativ fasta är sex timmar från fast föda och två timmar från klar vätska. Trots dessa rekommendationer har patienter tendens till att överskrida tiden för fasta från föda respektive vätska vilket kan leda till fysiologiska konsekvenser och postoperativa obehag. Anledningen till detta har bland annat beskrivits bero på bristande information från sjukhus och vårdpersonal. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka patienters följsamhet till preoperativ fasta. Metod: Designen som användes var en kvantitativ ansats med en icke-experimentell retrospektiv design. Urvalet bestod av ett bekvämlighetsurval och sammanlagt deltog 186 personer från arton regioner i Sverige. Deltagarna besvarade en egenkonstruerad webbaserad enkät som var distribuerad via sociala medier och e-post. Elva frågor analyserades i programmet SPSS version 26 och tre öppna frågor analyserades med en kvantitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet visade att deltagarna i snitt fastade från fast föda i tretton timmar respektive vätska i sex timmar och fyrtiotvå minuter. Majoriteten av deltagarna erhöll information om preoperativ fasta från ett informationsblad från sjukhuset eller från vårdpersonal och de flesta av deltagarna upplevde informationen som tydlig eller mycket tydlig. En vanlig känsla hos deltagarna som upplevdes inför operation var oro. Den främsta orsaken och konsekvensen till varför man ska fasta inför operation beskrev deltagarna bero på aspiration eller kräkning. De främsta riskerna med lång fasta beskrevs av deltagarna vara fysiologiska konsekvenser men en del av deltagarna mindes inte eller visste inte några risker förenat med en lång fasta. Slutsats: Deltagarna i detta examensarbete upplevde att informationen de erhållit om fasta var tydlig eller mycket tydlig, d

BACKGROUND: Hypothermia is a common problem in the surgical context and can lead to serious consequences for the patient and increased costs for society. AIMS: To study day-surgery patients' peripheral and core temperatures during the preoperative phase. METHODS: In total, 50 day-surgery patients participated in the study. Two sets of measurements of temperatures were made: core temperature and peripheral temperatures (two measuring points on the upper body and lower extremities respectively) were measured on arrival at the day-surgery unit, as well as on arrival at the operating theatre. The data were normally distributed and a paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. FINDINGS: Peripheral temperatures had significant changes, with measuring points on the upper body decreasing and measuring points on the lower extremities increasing in temperature. The results show no significant change in core temperature. CONCLUSION: The measurements show that 28% of the patients were below recommended preoperative temperature on arrival at the operating theatre. Further research is needed to study the development of body temperature perioperatively as well as at what point reheating interventions should be introduced.

The aim of this paper is to review the recent evolution of additive manufacturing (AM) within the medical field of preoperative surgical planning. The discussion begins with an overview of the different techniques, pointing out their advantages and disadvantages as well as an in-depth comparison of different characteristics of the printed parts. Then, the state-of-the-art with respect to preoperative surgical planning is presented. On the one hand, different surgical planning prototypes manufactured by several AM technologies are described. On the other hand, materials used for mimicking different living tissues are explored by focusing on the material properties: elastic modulus, hardness, etc. As a result, doctors can practice before performing surgery and thereby reduce the time needed for the operation. The subject of patient education is also introduced. A thorough review of the process that is required to obtain 3D printed surgical planning prototypes, which is based on different stages, is then carried out. Finally, the ethical issues associated with 3D printing in medicine are discussed, along with its future perspectives. Overall, this is important for improving the outcome of the surgery, since doctors will be able to visualize the affected organs and even to practice surgery before performing it., Postprint (author's final draft)

Preoperative fasting is recommended in order to reduce the risk of perioperative pulmonary aspiration. However, preoperative fasting may have negative effects on patient wellbeing and homeostasis. In this thesis, more lenient regimens for preoperative fasting in elective paediatric patients were assessed, with the aim to further improve preoperative fasting regimens. Paper I investigated if paediatric patients allowed to drink clear fluids until called to surgery, had an increased risk of pulmonary aspiration. The incidence of perioperative pulmonary aspiration in children allowed free clear fluids until called to surgery was 3 in 10 000, as compared to 1-10 in 10 000 in previous studies where longer fasting intervals were studied. Hence, no increase of incidence for pulmonary aspiration was found. Paper II investigated actual fasting times for clear fluids when applying two-hour fasting for clear fluids, and zero-hour fasting for clear fluids. When applying two-hour fasting, children were fasted median four hours for clear fluids. After transitioning to zero-hour fasting, median fasting time decreased to one hour, and the incidence of children fasting for more than six hours decreased from 35 % to 6 %. Abandoning the time limit for clear fluids significantly reduced the proportion of patients fasting for extended periods. Paper III assessed gastric content volume after a light breakfast in children scheduled for elective general anaesthesia. Patients were examined with gastric ultrasound four hours after a light breakfast. Of the 20 patients included in the study, 15 had an empty stomach, 4 had clear fluids < 0.5 ml kg-1 and one had solid content in the stomach. A light breakfast preoperatively might be safe, but amount and caloric restriction is needed to avoid the risk of perioperative pulmonary aspiration. Paper IV investigated preoperative weight loss, glucose level and ketone bodies in paediatric patients presenting for elective surgery. The outcomes were t

BACKGROUND: Failure to assess patients' anxiety perioperatively by means of a validated instrument makes the assessment arbitrary. Studies are lacking about how well nurse anaesthetists estimate patients' preoperative worries. PURPOSE: To compare the nurse anaesthetists' estimations of patients' preoperative anxieties with the patients' own assessment of their anxieties. DESIGN: Quantitative prospective design. METHODS: Eighty-five pairs of patients and nurse anaesthetists in two ambulatory surgery units in a university hospital in Sweden were included. Patients' perioperative anxieties were graded using the Numeric Visual Analogue Anxiety Scale. RESULTS: The nurse anaesthetist overestimated the patients' level of preoperative anxiety in 53% of patients and underestimated patients' anxieties in 31% of the patients. Consensus was seen in 16% of the pairs. In fifty-six pairs (65%), the difference between the estimation of level of patients' anxiety according to Numeric Visual Analogue Anxiety Scale was between -3 (overestimation) and +3 levels (underestimation). Median levels of anxiety were estimated as 3 within the patient group and 4 among the nurse anaesthetists. CONCLUSIONS: Systematic assessment of patients' level of anxiety could lead to identifying patients with severe anxiety levels and to offer more individualised treatment. The patients' own estimation must form the basis for the discussion and treatment.

Bakgrund: Hypotermi är ett vanligt förekommande problem inom operationssjukvården som kan leda till allvarliga följder för patienten och ökade kostnader för samhället. Förebyggande åtgärder i det preoperativa skedet har visat sig viktiga för att minska risken att hypotermi utvecklas. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka patienters kärn- och perifera temperatur under de preoperativa förberedelserna vid dagkirurgi. Hypotesen var att patienters kärn- och perifera temperatur sjönk under de preoperativa förberedelserna. Metod: Totalt 50 patienter på en dagkirurgisk avdelning på ett mellanstort sjukhus i Sverige gav sitt muntliga samtycke att medverka i studien. Kroppstemperaturen mättes vid två tillfällen; när de precis bytt om till patientskjorta samt när de placerats på operationsbordet. Kärntemperaturen mättes med en axillartermometer, och den perifera temperaturen mättes på fyra punkter med en infraröd termometer. Datan var normalfördelad och statistisk signifikans beräknades med parat t-test. Resultat: Resultatet visar att det inte sker någon signifikant förändring av patienternas kärntemperatur men att den perifera temperaturen förändras. Riktningen är dock inte entydig då resultatet visar att mätpunkterna på överkroppen sjunker medan mätpunkterna på underkroppen stiger. Slutsats: Kärntemperaturen kan vara oförändrad genom de preoperativa förberedelserna, men det innebär inte att temperaturen ligger inom rekommendationerna för preoperativ kärntemperatur. Mer forskning krävs för att studera patientens kroppstemperatur genom hela den perioperativa processen, dvs. pre- intra, och postoperativt., Background: Hypothermia is a common problem within the surgical context and can lead to serious consequences for the patient and increased costs for society. Efforts to prevent hypothermia in the preoperative phase have proven important to minimize the risk of developing hypothermia. Aim: The aim was to examine core- and peripheral temperature of surgical outpatients, during the preoperative phase. The hypothesis was that the temperature would decrease during the preoperative preparation. Method: 50 patients, at a medium-sized hospital in Sweden, participated. The temperature was measured twice; when the patient had changed into surgical attire, and when placed on the operating table. The core temperature was measured using an axillary thermometer, and the peripheral temperature was measured at four locations using an infrared thermometer. The data was normally distributed and paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. Result: The results show that there was no significant change in core temperature, whereas a change occurred in the peripheral temperature. The direction of change was incoherent, where the points of measurements on the upper body decreased in temperature, while the points of measurement on the lower extremities increased. Conclusion: The core temperature can remain unchanged during the preoperative period. This does not imply that the temperature is within preoperative temperature recommendations. More research, studying the temperature throughout the perioperative process, is necessary to attain knowledge regarding the development of the temperature of the patient undergoing surgery.

Bakgrund: Operationssjukvården kännetecknas av en högteknologisk arbetsmiljö där operationssjuksköterskan har ett stort ansvar för patienten. Fokus är att se och skydda hela patienten för att förebygga vårdlidande till följd av vårdskada. Genom att ha ett vakande öga på omgivningen kan olika riskfaktorer förebyggas. Det finns omfattande forskning som berör området, men det är sparsamt studerat utifrån operationssjuksköterskans erfarenheter och hur hen anser att olika faktorer pre- och intraoperativt kan påverka patientsäkerheten. Syfte: Syftet var att utifrån operationssjuksköterskans erfarenheter synliggöra faktorer som påverkar patientsäkerheten pre- och intraoperativt. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie genomfördes i enlighet med Bettany-Saltikov och McSherry (2016). För att få en djupare tolkning och förståelse av valt problemområde användes en induktiv och kvalitativ ansats. I analysen ingick tolv stycken vetenskapliga artiklar som sammanställdes till ett resultat. Resultat: Resultatet visade att det fanns många faktorer som spelade en betydande roll för patientsäkerheten, både pre- och intraoperativt. Fyra huvudkategorier framkom i resultatet; arbetsmiljöns betydelse, teamets betydelse, planering och förberedelse och yrkesspecifik kompetens. Slutsats: Att arbeta som operationssjuksköterska innebar att ha fullt fokus på både patienten och omgivningen för att på så vis förebygga riskfaktorer. Det fanns flera faktorer som påverkade patientsäkerheten pre- och intraoperativt, både positiva och negativa. En faktor var att arbetsmiljön speglades av hög arbetsbelastning och stress vilket var ett stort bekymmer. En annan faktor visade att samarbetet inom operationsteamet påverkades av hur vi bemöter varandra. Genom att bemöta varandra med respekt främjades ett gott samarbete och därmed en säkrare vård., Background: The surgical care is characterized by a hich-tech work environment where the operating theatre nurse has a great responsibility for the patient. The focus is on seeing and protecting the entire patient in order to prevent suffering of the patient as a result of adverse event. By keeping a watchful eye on the environment various risk factors can be prevented. There is a lot of research that concerns the area, but it is very sparingly studied on the basis of the operating theatre nurse experiences and how they consider that different factors pre- and intraoperatively affect patient safety. Purpose: The purpose was to make visible factors that affect patient safety pre- and intraoperatively, based on operating theatre nurse experiences. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with Bettany-Saltikov and McSherry (2016). In order to get a deeper interpretation and understanding of the chosen problem area, an inductive and qualitative approach was used. The analysis included twelve scientific articles that were compiled into a result. Result: The result showed that there were many different factors that played a considerable role in patient safety, both pre- and intraoperatively. Four main categories emerged from the result; the importance of the working environment, the importance of the team, planning and preparation and professional-specific skills. Conclusion: Working as an operating theatre nurse meant having full focus on both the patient and the environment in order to prevent risk factors. There were several factors that affect patient safety pre- and intraoperatively, both positive and negative. One factor was that the working environment was characterised by high workload and stress, wich was a major concern. Another factor showed that the cooperation within the operation team was influenced by how we respond to each other. By responding to each other with respect, good cooperation and thus a safer care was promoted.

Höftkirurgi är ett vanligt ingrepp både som elektivt och akut. Sjuksköterskans arbete inkluderar preoperativ information vilken oftast ges muntligt. Studier visar att smärta ofta är ett problem postoperativt. Tidigare forskning har även kommit fram till att patienter önskar vara välinformerade om det postoperativa förloppet för att kunna vara delaktiga i sin egen vård. Syfte : Syftet var att utifrån aktuell forskning undersöka betydelsen av olika sätt att informera patienter preoperativt avseende smärta och smärtbehandling för patientens postoperativa smärtupplevelse vid höftkirurgi. Metod : En litteraturöversikt gjordes genom att söka artiklar på databaserna CINAHL och PubMed. En granskningsmall användes där valda artiklar kvalitetsgranskades och endast artiklar av minst medelhög kvalitet användes. Arbetet grundas på 17 artiklar som delades in i huvudkategorierna elektiv, akut, information och smärta. Resultat : Ett samband mellan preoperativ information och postoperativ smärta hittades i 13 artiklar. Sambandet visar att den givna informationen skapade förutsättningar för patienterna att hantera den postoperativa smärtan. Vid elektiv kirurgi fanns bättre förutsättningar för patientaktiverande preoperativa utbildningar. Preoperativa individuella strategier identifierades. Slutsats : Merparten av studierna syftar till att preoperativ information används för att kunna minska postoperativ smärta genom att öka patienternas delaktighet och copingförmåga. Då samband hittats hos de flesta av artiklarna i denna litteraturstudie stärker detta sannolikheten att det finns ett samband mellan sjuksköterskans preoperativa information och patientens postoperativa smärtupplevelse., Hip surgery is a common operation, for both elective and acute approach. Nurses’ duties includes pain prevention and information to the patient. This with the patient always in focus. Studies have shown that it is most common to give the information verbally, and that patients want to know more preoperative about the postoperative phase to be more involved. Aim : The purpose of this literature review was to investigate the importance of nurses’ preoperative information for postoperative pain management. Methods : For the research the database CINAHL and PubMed was used. A review template was used, and only the articles with a medium high score has been used. This work is based on 17 articles which has been divided in main categories that was elective, acute, information and pain. Results : A relationship between preoperative information and postoperative pain was found in 13 of the articles. This connection indicate that the given information provided the patients to manage their postoperative pain. Patients undergoing elective surgery was better prepared and was given more patient activated education preoperative than acute surgery. Preoperative individual strategies was identified. Conclusion: Most of the studies showed that preoperative information is used to reduce postoperative pain by increasing patients’ participation and their ability to cope better. Since a connection was found between most of the articles in this work it increases the likelihood that there is a relationship between nurses’ preoperative information and patients’ postoperative pain experience.

The haemodynamic effects of intravenous paracetamol: overview of clinical significance In households worldwide, paracetamol is an over-the-counter drug synonymous with its safety and efficacy for its antipyretic (fever relieving) and analgesic (pain relieving) properties. It is readily available to the public in both enteral (oral) and rectal formulations. In the hospital setting, with 100% bioavailability and ease of administration, the intravenous (IV) formulation of paracetamol is an attractive option for patients undergoing major surgery and the critically ill, where oral and rectal administration may be challenging. Studies have found IV paracetamol is often used in multimodal postoperative pain management and has been shown to improve pain, opioid consumption and overall patient satisfaction in the postoperative setting for both major and minor surgeries. As such, IV paracetamol is one of the most commonly ordered medications for surgery and critical care patients. However, there is a paucity of evidence-based research surrounding its safety profile in these patient subgroups. Emerging clinical data suggests it may have the propensity to produce hypotension in surgical patients and the critically ill. Intraoperative hypotensive events have been associated with morbidity and longer hospital stays. Additionally, maintenance of haemodynamic stability is a requirement for a patient to be discharged from intensive care. Despite the concern of such a significant, and potentially underreported side effect, the current corpus of science relating to the haemodynamic effects of IV paracetamol is limited. It is also worth noting an underappreciated excipient of IV paracetamol is mannitol. Mannitol is added to the IV paracetamol formulation as a stabilizing compound but is present in quantities close to 4% in the majority of IV paracetamol formulations available. Recent advances in invasive and non-invasive haemodynamic monitoring have allowed for the accurate measurement

Stress can be defined as a reaction of the organism in situations of great need of adaptation, in order to achieving an internal balance, prolonged exposure to such stimuli may result in physical and psychological fatigue. These kinds of responses are adaptive, since the survival of man depends on the mobilization of the mechanisms of the body. The aim of this article was to conduct a descriptive analysis of stress levels in preoperative patients, with a sample of 16 individuals from a private hospital with ages ranging from 20 to 76 years. It was used as an instrument of data collection the Inventory of Symptoms of Stress for Adults of Lipp – ISSL and from the results it was observed that 50% of the participants presented stress with growth of physical and psychological symptoms as the day of the surgical procedure was approaching., O stress pode ser definido como uma reação do organismo em situações de grande necessidade de adaptação, com o intuito de atingir um equilíbrio interno, uma exposição prolongada a tais estímulos pode acarretar em cansaços físicos e psicológicos. Esses tipos de respostas são adaptativos, pois a sobrevivência do homem depende da mobilização dos mecanismos do corpo. Diante disso, o presente artigo teve como objetivo fazer uma análise descritiva dos níveis de stress em pacientes pré-cirúrgicos, possuindo uma amostra de 16 indivíduos de um hospital particular, com idades entre 20 a 76 anos. Foi utilizado como instrumento de coleta de dados o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp – ISSL e a partir dos resultados percebeu-se que 50% dos participantes apresentaram stress com crescimento de sintomas físicos e psicológicos a medida que o dia do procedimento cirúrgico se aproximava.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a large global burden of disease and poor survival outcomes. Recent targeted therapies and immunotherapies have been explored in HNSCC, but there has been limited translation to clinical practice outside of recurrent or metastatic cases. Window of opportunity settings, where novel agents are administered between cancer diagnosis and planned definitive therapy, have begun to be employed in HNSCC. Tumor tissue biopsies are obtained at diagnosis and after the investigation treatment, along with other biospecimens and radiographic exams. Thus, this study design can characterize the safety profiles, pharmacodynamics, and initial tumor responses to novel therapies in a treatment-naïve subject. Early window studies have also identified potential biomarkers to predict sensitivity or resistance to treatments. However, these early investigations have revealed multiple challenges associated with this trial design. In this review, we discuss recent window of opportunity trials in HNSCC and how they inform design considerations for future studies.

Objectives: The objectives of this study ware to translate and validate the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale into Nigerian Hausa Language to be used in assessing Hausa speaking surgical patients’ preoperative anxiety before undergoing elective surgery. Methods: Forward and backward translation method was adopted to translate APAIS into Hausa Language so as to produce a Hausa version of the scale (APAIS-H). The Hausa version was tested on thirty patients scheduled for elective surgery at Federal Medical Centre, Nguru-Yobe State, Nigeria. The authors performed factor analysis, internal consistency and correlated the translated Hausa version with Spielberger’s State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-State). Findings: The translated Hausa version of the scale produced high internal consistency for the two subscales (Cronbach’s alpha 0.82 for anxiety related to surgery subscale and 0.71 for information desire subscale respectively). APAIS-H  correlated well with Spielberger's state Trait Anxiety Inventory STAI-state with a correlation coefficient of  (r = 0.81), Conclusion: APAIS-H has been found to be valid and reliable instrument to be used in the assessment of preoperative anxiety in Hausa speaking patients scheduled to undergo surgical operation.

Purpose: To examine anxiety and what older patients worry about related to anesthesia and colorectal surgery, and their perceptions regarding nurses' ability to ease preoperative worry. Design: Qualitative individual face-to-face interviews. Methods: The study included 18 patients aged between 62 and 91 years with lower abdominal tumors. The study was conducted in two day-surgery wards in Sweden. Interview data were analyzed with Malterud's systematic text condensation. Findings: Four themes were identified: (1) losing control of one's body, leaving one's life in someone else's hands, and the feeling that there is no going back, (2) claustrophobia and anticipated pain in an unknown environment, (3) unknown and frightening vocabulary concerning the surgery, and (4) what can happen if something goes wrong. Conclusions: Patients worry about a number of things. If preoperative worry could be identified, actions taken to reduce worry could be personalized and patients' own strategies to reduce worries may be helpful for them.

Background Children often starve for longer than recommended by current preoperative fasting guidelines. Aims We studied the effects of implementing a more lenient fasting regimen on the duration of clear fluid fasting, as well as the incidence of extended fasting in children. Methods Preoperative duration of clear fluid fasting was recorded for patients scheduled for procedures in a unit applying the standard 6-4-2 fasting regimen. This group was compared with a cohort in the same unit 1year after transitioning to a 6-4-0 fasting regimen. The latter includes no limitations on clear fluid intake until the child is called to theater. A third cohort from a unit in which the 6-4-0 fasting regimen has been implemented for over a decade was also studied for comparison. Results Patients fasting according to the 6-4-2 fasting regimen (n=66) had a median fasting time for clear fluids of 4.0h and a 33.3% incidence of fasting more than 6h. After transitioning to the 6-4-0 fasting regimen (n=64), median duration of fasting for clear fluids decreased to 1.0h, and the incidence of fasting more than 6h decreased to 6.3%. In the second unit (n=73), median fasting time was 2.2h and the proportion of patients fasting more than 6h was 21.9%. Conclusion The introduction and implementation of the 6-4-0 fasting regimen reduces median fluid fasting duration and the number of children subjected to extended fasting.

AIM: The aim was to evaluate a scoring system using the values of preoperative haemoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum albumin to predict colorectal cancer recurrence and survival. METHOD: Data on all curative resections for Stages I-III colorectal cancer performed at a tertiary referral hospital 2007-2010 have been recorded ion the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry and were matched to the local databases for laboratory results and blood transfusion. Patients who died within 30 days or during primary hospital admission were excluded. Preoperative haemoglobin, CRP and albumin levels were recorded for 417 patients. A score (0-3) was derived on presence of anaemia (Hb <120 g/l for women and <130 g/l for men), raised CRP (>10 mg/ml) and low albumin (<35g/dl). The risks for recurrence and impaired overall survival were assessed using Cox regression analyses. RESULTS: Impaired overall survival was found when one, two or three of the criteria, anaemia, elevated CRP and low albumin, were present prior to surgery (HR 3.61, 1.66-7.85; HR 3.91, 1.75-8.74; HR 4.85, 2.15-10.93, respectively). The risk for recurrence, however, was not related to the presence of these criteria. CONCLUSION: Overall survival after curative surgery for Stages I-III colorectal cancer is impaired when anaemia, elevated CRP or low albumin exist prior to surgery. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation treatment (CRT) in rectal cancer patients is associated with a reduction in physical capacity, lean mass and increased fatigue. As a countermeasure to these treatment-related adverse effects, we examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a 10-week exercise program during CRT. Methods: Ten rectal cancer patients (7 men, aged 27-70 years, body mass index = 26.4 ± 3.8 kg/m2) receiving CRT undertook supervised resistance and aerobic exercise twice weekly. Assessments were undertaken pre- and post-intervention for upper and lower body muscle strength by 1-RM, muscle endurance, physical performance tests, body composition by dual X-ray absorptiometry, quality of life, and fatigue. Results: There was a significant loss in appendicular skeletal muscle (−1.1 kg, P =.012), and fat mass (−0.8 kg, P =.029) following CRT. Despite the loss in skeletal muscle, leg press (P =.030) and leg extension (P =.046) strength improved by 27.2% and 22.7%, respectively, and leg press endurance by 76.7% (P =.007). Changes in strength were accompanied by improved performance (P

Background: Accurate measurement of preoperative anxiety is important for pediatric surgical patients’ care as well as for monitoring anxiety-reducing interventions. The modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale-short form is well validated for this purpose in children aged 2 years and above, but not in younger children. Aims: We aimed to validate the Dutch version of the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale-short form for measuring preoperative anxiety in children less than 2 years old. Methods: Two investigators independently assessed infants’ anxiety at the holding area and during induction of anesthesia with the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale-short form and the COMFORT-Behavior scale—live and from video observations. Construct validity and responsiveness of both scales were tested with Pearson correlation coefficient. Internal cons

Inledning: Bröstcancer är en vanlig cancerform hos kvinnor och årligen drabbas 1,5 miljoner kvinnor världen över. Screeningprogram och tidig upptäckt är två faktorer som leder till ökad överlevnad. För kvinnor där en ökad cancerrisk föreligger såsom förhöjd ärftlighet och BRCA-mutation rekommenderar socialstyrelsen att mammografiscreening kompletteras med MR. MR kan komplettera bröstdiagnostik till en mer individanpassad behandling. Syftet: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva hur bröstdiagnostik med magnetkamera (MR) inverkar på den kirurgiska behandlingen av bröstcancer. Metod: En litteraturstudie genomfördes, där 11 kvantitativa artiklar användes för att svara på studiens syfte. Resultat: Preoperativ MR detekterade ytterligare maligna lesioner som inte tidigare var kända vilket medförde en förändrad behandling till mer omfattande kirurgi såsom mastektomi och lumpektomi. MR visade generellt en överskattning av tumörstorlek vid bedömning av tumörutbredning. Utöver den redan diagnostiserade bröstcancern detekterades med MR ytterligare lesioner vilka ej var synliga vid mammografi både i det primära och det kontralaterala bröstet. MR i kombination med biopsi konstaterar maligna lesioner. Slutsats: Fakta tyder på att MR har hög sensitivitet men en lägre specificitet vid detektering av förändringar i bröstvävnaden. Resultatet är ej entydigt och behov finns av ytterligare studier inom ämnet., Introduction: Breast cancer is a common form of cancer in women, annually, 1.5 million women are affected worldwide. Screening programs and early detection lead to increased survival. In women where there is increased cancer risk with increased heredity and in BRCA mutation, the National Board of Health recommends that mammography screening be supplemented with Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI can supplement breast diagnosis and can lead to a more personalized treatment. Purpose:The purpose of this literature study was to describe how breast diagnosis with MR affects the surgical treatment of breast cancer. Method: A literature study was conducted, where 11 quantitative articles were used to respond to the purpose of the study.Results: Preoperative MRI detected additional malignant lesions not previously known which resulted in a change in treatment for more extensive surgery such as mastectomy and lumpectomy. MRI generally showed an overestimate of tumor size in the assessment of tumor proliferation. In addition to the already diagnosed breast cancer, MR was detected additional lesions which were not visible in mammography in both the primary and the contralateral breast. MRI in combination with biopsy notes malignant lesions. Conclusion: Facts suggest that MRI has high sensitivity but a lower specificity in detecting changes in the breast tissue. The results are not unambiguous and there is a need for further studies on the subject.

Background/Problem: Preoperative anxiety is common with patients undergoing surgery. The anxiety may be associated with severe postoperative complications which are costly and sometimes life threatening. It is therefore necessary to investigate what kind of interventions could be valid and effective to prevent or treat preoperative anxiety. Aim: This study aims to describe the nursing care interventions that proves to prevent and/or relieve preoperative anxiety within surgical patients. Method: A literature search was made within PubMed and Cinhal databases. Both randomised controlled studies (RCT) and Quasi-experimental studies were included. A total of 388 articles were screened and 13 articles included in the study. Results: All interventions had a significant lowering effect on the preoperative anxiety within surgical patients but in different levels. Relaxation exercises showed the most effective to lower the preoperative anxiety. Thereafter nature sounds and acupressure showed to have a similar lowering effect. Calm music generally showed a moderate effect. Acupuncture, information and education showed a similar varying low effect. Conclusion: Interventions like relaxation exercises, listening to nature sounds, acupressure, acupuncture, listening to music, giving information and education can all be valid and effective nursing care interventions which can easily be used and implemented by nurses in the preoperative care., Bakgrund/Problemformulering: Preoperativ oro är vanligt förekommande hos patienter som ska genomgå operation. Denna oro kan vara förknippad med eller innebära en ökad risk för allvarliga postoperativa konsekvenser vilka är kostsamma och ibland livshotande. Det är därför av vikt att undersöka vilka typer av interventioner som kan vara validerade och effektiva för att förebygga eller lindra preoperativ oro. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att beskriva de omvårdnadsåtgärder som bevisas förebygga och lindra preoperativ oro för kirurgiska patienter. Metod: En litteraturstudie utfördes inom databaserna PubMed och Cinahl. Både randomiserade kontrollerade studier (RCT) och quasi-experimentella studier inkluderades. Totalt undersöktes 388 artiklar och 13 artiklar inkluderades i studien. Resultat: Alla interventioner hade en signifikant minskande effekt för att minska preoperativ oro hos kirurgpatienter men i olika grad. Avslappningsövningar visade sig ha störst effekt för att minska preoperativ oro. Därefter redovisades naturljud och akupressur vilka hade en liknande god effekt. Lugn musik hade generellt en måttlig effekt. Akupunktur, Information och undervisning hade en varierande låg effekt. Slutsats: Interventioner som avslappningsövningar, att lyssna på naturljud, akupressur, akupunktur, att lyssna på musik, informationsgivning och undervisning kan alla vara adekvata och effektiva omvårdnadsåtgärder som lätt kan användas och implementeras av sjuksköterskor i den preoperativa vården.

Bakgrund: Det är vanligt att patienter känner oro för att genomgå en operation. Bristfällig information kan skapa oro och känslan av att inte vara förberedd. Standardiserade metoden för att ge preoperativ information visar sig ha brister. Existerande forskning kring multimedia visar positiva effekter gällande patienters kunskap/förståelse, oro och förberedelse men det finns ingen överblick över befintliga studier utförda på området. Syftet med denna studie är att studera hur preoperativ information i form av multimedia kan påverka patienters grad av kunskap/förståelse, förberedelse och oro i den perioperativa perioden. Metod: Systematisk litteraturstudie med kvantitativ ansats. Datainsamlingen utfördes i databaserna Pubmed och Cinahl. Urvalsprocessen utgick från modellen PICO. Kvalitetsgranskning utfördes, 16 artiklar inkluderades, varav 14 RCT-studier. Analysen bestod av att syntetisera och summera data. Resultat: Mer än hälften av deltagarna (53%) i interventionsgruppen skattade ingen signifikant skillnad gällande oro jämfört med kontrollgruppen. Majoriteten av deltagarna i interventionsgruppen (87%) hade signifikant mer kunskap/förståelse jämfört kontrollgruppen. Gällande förberedelse kände 57% av deltagarna i interventionsgruppen sig signifikant mer förberedda jämfört med kontrollgruppen. Konklusion: Multimedia är ett effektivare verktyg för att öka patienters kunskap/förståelse och förberedelse jämfört med standardiserad vård. Multimedia är dock inte mer effektivt än standardiserad metod för att minska patienters oro. Författarna föreslår att individuellt anpassad preoperativ information kombinerat med multimedia kan tillämpas för patienter som ska genom en operation för att minska lidandet. Det finns behov av fortsatt forskning inom området., Background: Patients undergoing surgery often experience feeling of anxiety. Lack of information is a common cause of anxiety and also provokes a feeling of not being prepared. The way patients are informed preoperatively today has clear flaws. There are studies showing benefits regarding patients’ level of knowledge/understanding, anxiety and preparedness before surgery when multimedia is used preoperatively. Reviews on the subject are lacking. Aim: To study how preoperative information given through multimedia can impact the level of knowledge/understanding, anxiety and feeling of preparedness among patients undergoing surgery. Methods: Quantitative review article. The databases Pubmed and Cinahl were used. The PICO-model was used for article selection. 16 articles were included, 14 of them were RCTs. The analysis consisted of synthesizing and summarizing the findings. Results: More than half (53%) of the patients in the intervention group did not score any significant change in level of anxiety compared to control. The majority (87%) of the patients in the intervention group had significantly better knowledge/understanding compared to control. Regarding feeling of preparedness, 57% of the patients in the intervention group feel significantly more prepared compared to control. Conclusions: Multimedia as a tool is more effective in providing patients undergoing surgery with knowledge/understanding and preparedness compared to standard care. Multimedia is not better at reducing anxiety compared to standard care. The authors suggest that tailored preoperative information combined with multimedia should be used for patients undergoing surgery. Further research is needed within the field.