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The purpose of the research was to examine the nature, causes and consequences of military-political entervention in developing polities. Military intervention was studied in seven Middle Eastern states. 41 coups and counter coups were analyzed. Variables such as the success and failure of coups; organized mass and political support; opposition or indifference to coups; the ideological orientations of the coups; the type of regime legitimation; the rank of the coup makers; and the legacy of the military establishment were examined. (Author), Prepared in cooperation with Harvard Univ., Cambridge, Mass.