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To achieve the highest level of production, time must be used wisely and effectively. Technology and automation become essential tools for a sales organization's success and continuing expansion as the process becomes increasingly complicated and laborious. Nowadays, more and more people utilise robots for work since they are more trustworthy, precise, and adaptable while also needing less human labour. Programmable robots that mimic human arms are called robotic arms. Building a robotic arm that enables people with physical restrictions to write is the goal of our project. The user must type what he says since the mechanism is set up using a speech recognition system. Everything said into the microphone by the patient or other person is set up to be recorded by the robotic arm.

To achieve the highest level of production, time must be used wisely and effectively. Technology and automation become essential tools for a sales organization's success and continuing expansion as the process becomes increasingly complicated and laborious. Nowadays, more and more people utilise robots for work since they are more trustworthy, precise, and adaptable while also needing less human labour. Programmable robots that mimic human arms are called robotic arms. Building a robotic arm that enables people with physical restrictions to write is the goal of our project. The user must type what he says since the mechanism is set up using a speech recognition system. Everything said into the microphone by the patient or other person is set up to be recorded by the robotic arm.

There is an increased demand for cement nanocomposites in the twenty-first century due to their composition, higher strength, high efficiency, and multiscale nature. As carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess extremely high strength, resilience, and stiffness, inclusion of carbon nanotubes in small quantities to the concrete mix makes them a multifunctional material. A molecular level understanding is significant to capacitate the macrolevel properties of these composites. In the proposed work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to understand the behaviour of the composites at the atomic level and continuum mechanics with representative volume element (RVE) homogenization modelling is carried out for interfacial interaction study of composites. The mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, shear modulus, and poisons are evaluated using previous methods of simulations for different compositions of nanomaterials in cement matrix. The FORCITE module of MD simulation and square RVE model is used to determine the mechanical, electrical properties, and elastic constants of the cement nanocomposite. The MD simulation describes the linking effect of CNT into cement matric, and the RVE modelling study reveals the pull-out effect of CNT from matrix. From experimental and analytical studies, it is found that increase in CNT till 0.5% weight fraction increases the mechanical properties about 12% and further increasing of CNT weight fraction causes a reduction in mechanical properties about 5% due to the agglomeration of nanotubes. The density of states method in MD simulation indicates that mobility of the electrons increases with an increase in carbon nanotube proportion in the composites. The experimental test results substantiate the analytical studies, and the error obtained from both approaches is less than 20%. From the analytical study, the average maximum Young's modulus, shear modulus, and bulk modulus are obtained as 46 GPa, 31 GPa, and 32 GPa for 0.5% weight f

In this paper, an optimized efficient VLSI architecture of a pipeline Fast Fourier transform (FFT) processor capable of producing the reverse output order sequence is presented. Paper presents Radix-2 multipath delay architecture for FFT calculation. The implementation of FFT in hardware is very critical because for calculation of FFT number of butterfly operations i.e. number of multipliers requires due to which hardware gets increased means indirectly cost of hardware is automatically gets increased. Also multiplier operations are slow that's why it limits the speed of operation of architecture. The optimized VLSI implementation of FFT algorithm is presented in this paper. Here architecture is pipelined to optimize it and to increase the speed of operation. Also to increase the speed of operation 2 levels parallel processing is used.

The phytosciid predator, Amblyseius longispinosusisp (Evans) has heen proved to he a very good predator of Tetranychid mites (Mallik, 1974). Biology of A.longispinisus has been studied on Tetranychus ludeni Zacher (Mallik, 1974) and Oligonychus indicus Hirst (Manjunatha, 1988; Anil, 1990). The feeding preference and feeding potential of the predator has been studied by Anil (1990) only on O. indicus. However, information on its biology, feeding potential and fceding preference on the red spider mite, Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker and Pritchard is not available and so experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions to study these parameters.

The phytosciid predator, Amblyseius longispinosusisp (Evans) has heen proved to he a very good predator of Tetranychid mites (Mallik, 1974). Biology of A.longispinisus has been studied on Tetranychus ludeni Zacher (Mallik, 1974) and Oligonychus indicus Hirst (Manjunatha, 1988; Anil, 1990). The feeding preference and feeding potential of the predator has been studied by Anil (1990) only on O. indicus. However, information on its biology, feeding potential and fceding preference on the red spider mite, Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker and Pritchard is not available and so experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions to study these parameters.

Interaction between the phytoseiid predator, Amblyseius longispinosus (Evans) and the red spider mite, Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker and Pritchard on cotton at ratios of 1:5, 1:10, 1:20 and 1:30 indicated that irrespective of prey ratios, the predator consumed sufficient numbers to counter the increasing prey population. The prey elimination was slightly prolonged at 1:10, 1:20 and 1:30 ratios whereas in case of 1:40 and 1:50 ratios, the prey population was not suppressed on potted cotton plants kept under green house condition, even after fifth week. The curves obtained by the functional and numerical responses between prey egg density and prey eggs destroyed and number of eggs laid by the predator, reached a plateau and the shape of the curves in both the responses is curvilinear.

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Mass rearing of different phytoseiid mites had been attempted using tetranychid mites (McMurthy and Scriven, 1965; Hoy et al., 1982; Karuppachamy et al., 1988; Anil, 1990). However, the mass rearing of Amblyseius longispinosus (Evans) on Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker and Pritchard has not been adequately studied and also the method employed earlier were a bit complicated, time consuming and difficult to commercialise. Therefore keeping these points in view, an experiment was conducted under laboratory condition.

No Abstract.

Mass rearing of different phytoseiid mites had been attempted using tetranychid mites (McMurthy and Scriven, 1965; Hoy et al., 1982; Karuppachamy et al., 1988; Anil, 1990). However, the mass rearing of Amblyseius longispinosus (Evans) on Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker and Pritchard has not been adequately studied and also the method employed earlier were a bit complicated, time consuming and difficult to commercialise. Therefore keeping these points in view, an experiment was conducted under laboratory condition.

The phytosciid predator, Amblyseius longispinosusisp (Evans) has heen proved to he a very good predator of Tetranychid mites (Mallik, 1974). Biology of A.longispinisus has been studied on Tetranychus ludeni Zacher (Mallik, 1974) and Oligonychus indicus Hirst (Manjunatha, 1988; Anil, 1990). The feeding preference and feeding potential of the predator has been studied by Anil (1990) only on O. indicus. However, information on its biology, feeding potential and fceding preference on the red spider mite, Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker and Pritchard is not available and so experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions to study these parameters.

Interaction between the phytoseiid predator, Amblyseius longispinosus (Evans) and the red spider mite, Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker and Pritchard on cotton at ratios of 1:5, 1:10, 1:20 and 1:30 indicated that irrespective of prey ratios, the predator consumed sufficient numbers to counter the increasing prey population. The prey elimination was slightly prolonged at 1:10, 1:20 and 1:30 ratios whereas in case of 1:40 and 1:50 ratios, the prey population was not suppressed on potted cotton plants kept under green house condition, even after fifth week. The curves obtained by the functional and numerical responses between prey egg density and prey eggs destroyed and number of eggs laid by the predator, reached a plateau and the shape of the curves in both the responses is curvilinear.

objectives: Acute myocardial infarction(AMI) is becoming increasingly important problem in developing countries, and thrombolysis is the main modality of treatment here. About 25-50% of patients fail to achieve successful reperfusion and these patients have poor prognosis. Since alternative modes of reperfusion are available, it is important to identify them. This study was aimed at defining the extent of failed thrombolysis and identifying its demographic and clinical predictors Methods: 50 cases of thrombolysed AMI patients were studied. Failed thrombolysis considered if there is 50% resolution of ST-segment elevation after 90minutes of thrombolysis in single lead showing maximum ST elevation at presentation. The clinical predictors of the out come were assessed. Results: Of 50 patients studied 30(60%)achieved successful thrombolysis and 20(40%) failed. Mean time to thrombolysis from onset of symptom was 5.85

objectives: Acute myocardial infarction(AMI) is becoming increasingly important problem in developing countries, and thrombolysis is the main modality of treatment here. About 25-50% of patients fail to achieve successful reperfusion and these patients have poor prognosis. Since alternative modes of reperfusion are available, it is important to identify them. This study was aimed at defining the extent of failed thrombolysis and identifying its demographic and clinical predictors Methods: 50 cases of thrombolysed AMI patients were studied. Failed thrombolysis considered if there is 50% resolution of ST-segment elevation after 90minutes of thrombolysis in single lead showing maximum ST elevation at presentation. The clinical predictors of the out come were assessed. Results: Of 50 patients studied 30(60%)achieved successful thrombolysis and 20(40%) failed. Mean time to thrombolysis from onset of symptom was 5.85

This paper describes a new, simple, precise, and accurate HPTLC method for simultaneous quantitation of famotidine (FAM) and domperidone (DOM) as the bulk drug and in tablet dosage forms. Chromatographic separation of the drugs was performed on aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase and the solvent system consisted of n-butanol: water 6: 1(v/v). Densitometric evaluation of the separated zones was performed at 280 nm. The two drugs were satisfactorily resolved with RF values 0.27±0.01 and 0.58±0.01 for FAM and DOM, respectively. The accuracy and reliability of the method was assessed by evaluation of linearity (200-1200 ng.spot-1 for FAM and 100-600 ng.spot-1 for DOM), precision (intra-day RSD 0.05–0.40 % and inter-day RSD 0.13–0.39 % for FAM, and intra-day RSD 0.10–0.20 % and inter-day RSD 0.13–0.60 % for DOM), accuracy (99.10±0.116 % for FAM and 98.57±1.078 % for DOM), and specificity, in accordance with ICH guidelines.Keywords: Thin Layer Chromatography; Densitometry; Validation; Quantification; Famotidine; Domperidone

The bio-efficacy of Heterorhabditis indica Poinar in combination with Helicoverpa armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus (HaNPV) against Helicoverpa armigera (Hiibner) was evaluated during 2002 in the laboratory. Results revealed thut combination of H. indica and HaNPV at all concentrations recorded highest mortality (100%) and were on par with alone inoculation of H. indica treatment, but significantly superior over HaNPV alone against third instar larva. Fourth instar larva suffered cent per cent mortality when inoculated with H. indica plus HaNPV at all concentrations after 48 h compared to H. indica alone (@ 200 Usl larva) which recorded 75 per cent mortality. The results indicate the synergistic effect when both the bioagents were combined against fourth instar larva.

The bio-efficacy of Heterorhabditis indica Poinar in combination with Helicoverpa armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus (HaNPV) against Helicoverpa armigera (Hiibner) was evaluated during 2002 in the laboratory. Results revealed thut combination of H. indica and HaNPV at all concentrations recorded highest mortality (100%) and were on par with alone inoculation of H. indica treatment, but significantly superior over HaNPV alone against third instar larva. Fourth instar larva suffered cent per cent mortality when inoculated with H. indica plus HaNPV at all concentrations after 48 h compared to H. indica alone (@ 200 Usl larva) which recorded 75 per cent mortality. The results indicate the synergistic effect when both the bioagents were combined against fourth instar larva.

In this paper,a new design of wireless sensor network (WSN)node is discussed which is based on components with ultra low power.We ha e de eloped a Low cost and low power WSN Node using MSP430 and nRF24L01.The architectural circuit details are presented.This architecture fulfils the requirements like low cost,low power,compact size and self organization.Various tests are carried out to test the performance of the nRF24L01 module.The packet loss,free Space loss (FSL)and battery lifetime calculations are described.These test results will help the researchers to build new applications using abo e node and to work efficiently with nRF24L01., Comment: 5 Pages IJANA

A successful management strategy was developed against chickpea pod borer, Helecoverpa armigera (Hub) by integrating locally isolated entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis indica (RCR) with other entomopathogens like Helicoverpa armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus (HaNPV) and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and botanicals. Preliminary laboratory studies were conducted, to standardize the optimum dosage of nematodes required for field application, to evaluate the compatibility of nematode with entomopathogens and botanicals and their combinations. The optimum dosage of infective juveniles was standardized to third (LC50 of 145 IJs/larva) and fourth (LC50 of 195 IJs/larva) instars based on the concentration mortality response. Persistence study on chickpea foliage in field condition indicated that, infective juveniles along with 0.1 % glycerol survived better (80%) compared to other anti-dcssicants. In compatibility studies, though H. indica was compatible with other entomopathogens, but was susceptible to higher concentrations of aqueous leaf extracts of some selective botanicals. A series of laboratory bioassay was carried out to select best combinations of H. indica with other entomopathogens and botanicals against third and fourth instar H. armigera and these were tested in field for two consecutive years. Two year field evaluation indicated that, sequential application of H. indica + Prosopis juliflora (1 lakh IJs/I + 10%) at 50 and 75 days after sowing was superior with highest larval reduction (23.47%), minimum pod damage (11.27%) and maximum seed yield (19.24 q/h).

A successful management strategy was developed against chickpea pod borer, Helecoverpa armigera (Hub) by integrating locally isolated entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis indica (RCR) with other entomopathogens like Helicoverpa armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus (HaNPV) and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and botanicals. Preliminary laboratory studies were conducted, to standardize the optimum dosage of nematodes required for field application, to evaluate the compatibility of nematode with entomopathogens and botanicals and their combinations. The optimum dosage of infective juveniles was standardized to third (LC50 of 145 IJs/larva) and fourth (LC50 of 195 IJs/larva) instars based on the concentration mortality response. Persistence study on chickpea foliage in field condition indicated that, infective juveniles along with 0.1 % glycerol survived better (80%) compared to other anti-dcssicants. In compatibility studies, though H. indica was compatible with other entomopathogens, but was susceptible to higher concentrations of aqueous leaf extracts of some selective botanicals. A series of laboratory bioassay was carried out to select best combinations of H. indica with other entomopathogens and botanicals against third and fourth instar H. armigera and these were tested in field for two consecutive years. Two year field evaluation indicated that, sequential application of H. indica + Prosopis juliflora (1 lakh IJs/I + 10%) at 50 and 75 days after sowing was superior with highest larval reduction (23.47%), minimum pod damage (11.27%) and maximum seed yield (19.24 q/h).

A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural College, Raichur, Karnataka to evaluate the effect of Heterorhabditis indica (RCR), an insect parasitic nematode in combination with other entomopathogens and botanicals against Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in chickpea ecosystem. Pooled data on per cent larval reduction after two sprays revealed that the highest reduction of 47.63 was achieved in chlorpyriphos/quinalphos (0.04/0.05%) treatment at seven days after spraying. However, sequential application of H. indica + Pa. pinnata (1.0 lakh IJs +2.5%) and H. indica + Pr. juliflora (1.0 lakh Us +10%) recorded maximum yield (1.96 and 1.83 kg/plot, respectively) with minimum pod damage (10.9 and 11.5 %, respectively). Thus there is a scope for integration of H. indica with botanicals viz. Pa. pinnata and Pr. juliflora for the effective management of chickpea pod borer.

A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural College, Raichur, Karnataka to evaluate the effect of Heterorhabditis indica (RCR), an insect parasitic nematode in combination with other entomopathogens and botanicals against Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in chickpea ecosystem. Pooled data on per cent larval reduction after two sprays revealed that the highest reduction of 47.63 was achieved in chlorpyriphos/quinalphos (0.04/0.05%) treatment at seven days after spraying. However, sequential application of H. indica + Pa. pinnata (1.0 lakh IJs +2.5%) and H. indica + Pr. juliflora (1.0 lakh Us +10%) recorded maximum yield (1.96 and 1.83 kg/plot, respectively) with minimum pod damage (10.9 and 11.5 %, respectively). Thus there is a scope for integration of H. indica with botanicals viz. Pa. pinnata and Pr. juliflora for the effective management of chickpea pod borer.

Laboratory experiment was conductcd to study the compatibility of 1 hiamethoxam 70WS with growth and sporulation of Trichoderma harzianum. There wn no inhibition of mycelial growth of T. harzianum in all the concentrations except at 1.25 percent. The spore count was 1xl04 spores/ ml at seven days after inoculation of Trichoderma. The reduction in the radial growth of Rhizactonia solani was 40.2 percent in presence of T. harzianum whereas no inhibition was observed In thiamethoxam at 10g/kg seed. In combination with thiamethoxam at 2,85g/kg seed+Trichoderma, 4.28g/kg seed+Trichoderma and l0g/kg seed+Trichoderma, the reduction in radial growth of R. solani was 37,3, 35,95 and 32.4 percent, respectively. The study indicated that it is possible to use Trichoderma @ 4g/kg seed and thiamethoxam l0g/kg seed as seed treatment, which find a place in the integrated insect pest and disease management.

Laboratory experiment was conductcd to study the compatibility of 1 hiamethoxam 70WS with growth and sporulation of Trichoderma harzianum. There wn no inhibition of mycelial growth of T. harzianum in all the concentrations except at 1.25 percent. The spore count was 1xl04 spores/ ml at seven days after inoculation of Trichoderma. The reduction in the radial growth of Rhizactonia solani was 40.2 percent in presence of T. harzianum whereas no inhibition was observed In thiamethoxam at 10g/kg seed. In combination with thiamethoxam at 2,85g/kg seed+Trichoderma, 4.28g/kg seed+Trichoderma and l0g/kg seed+Trichoderma, the reduction in radial growth of R. solani was 37,3, 35,95 and 32.4 percent, respectively. The study indicated that it is possible to use Trichoderma @ 4g/kg seed and thiamethoxam l0g/kg seed as seed treatment, which find a place in the integrated insect pest and disease management.

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Co-operative sugar factories