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Wear resistance is one of the most important physical properties of the artificial teeth used in acrylic dentures. The goal of this research was to synthesize a new composite material made of matrix Poly-(methyl methacrylate)-PMMA with different percentages (2 % and 3 % of volume fractions) of zinc-oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) as reinforcing elements, to improve its mechanical properties. The dynamic mechanical behaviour of this composite was studied through the DMA method in comparison to the pure PMMA supported by the characterization of their microstructures. Then the wear resistance was analysed on the samples, which were prepared in the form of teeth. In this context their vertical height loss was measured after 100,000 chewing cycles on a chewing simulator, before and after the artificial thermal ageing. Investigations showed that the PMMA/ZnO NP composites dampened the vibrations better than the pure PMMA, which could be assigned to the homogenous distribution of ZnO NPs in the PMMA matrix. It was found that the mean vertical height loss for the pure PMMA teeth was significantly higher (more than 4 times) compared to composite teeth made with ZnO NPs. Introducing the thermal artificial ageing led to the finding that there was no effect on the height loss by the composite material with 3 % of volume fractions of ZnO NPs. Based on this it was concluded that PMMA/ZnO NPs composites showed improved in-vitro wear resistance compared to acrylic-resin denture teeth, so this new composite material should be preferred when occlusal stability is considered to be of high priority.

Wear resistance is one of the most important physical properties of the artificial teeth used in acrylic dentures. The goal of this research was to synthesize a new composite material made of matrix Poly-(methyl methacrylate)-PMMA with different percentages (2 % and 3 % of volume fractions) of zinc-oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) as reinforcing elements, to improve its mechanical properties. The dynamic mechanical behaviour of this composite was studied through the DMA method in comparison to the pure PMMA supported by the characterization of their microstructures. Then the wear resistance was analysed on the samples, which were prepared in the form of teeth. In this context their vertical height loss was measured after 100,000 chewing cycles on a chewing simulator, before and after the artificial thermal ageing. Investigations showed that the PMMA/ZnO NP composites dampened the vibrations better than the pure PMMA, which could be assigned to the homogenous distribution of ZnO NPs in the PMMA matrix. It was found that the mean vertical height loss for the pure PMMA teeth was significantly higher (more than 4 times) compared to composite teeth made with ZnO NPs. Introducing the thermal artificial ageing led to the finding that there was no effect on the height loss by the composite material with 3 % of volume fractions of ZnO NPs. Based on this it was concluded that PMMA/ZnO NPs composites showed improved in-vitro wear resistance compared to acrylic-resin denture teeth, so this new composite material should be preferred when occlusal stability is considered to be of high priority.

Technological solutions and environmental conditions have a significant impact on infestation intensity and the problems around D. gallinae control. Changes in keeping laying hens in EU, in terms of D. gallinae influence, have not led to the welfare of the layers. On the contrary, they have contributed to the spreading of disease, have worsened conditions for control and accentuated harmful consequences. Apart from the poultry, these changes have also had a negative impact on the welfare of humans, through a toxicological and zootonic risk, and economic damages. Conventional cages so far provide the most appropriate environment for D. gallinae control. Opportunities for improving, even solving the problem of D. gallinae control in egg production do exist, however they require a changing the entire approach hitherto., Tehnološka rešenja i ambijentalne prilike bitno utiču na intezitet infestacije i problematičnost kontrole D. gallinae. Promene u načinu držanja kokošaka nosilja u EU, sa aspekta uticaja D. gallinae, nisu dovele do dobrobiti nosilja. Naprotiv, doprinele su širenju bolesti, pogoršale uslove kontrole i naglasile štetne posledice. Osim na živinu, promene su nepovoljno uticale na dobrobit čoveka kroz toksikološki i zoonotski rizik, i ekonomske štete. Konvencionalni kavezi obezbeđuju do sad najprikladniji ambijent za kontrolu D. gallinae. Mogućnosti za unapređenje, pa i rešenje kontrole D. gallinae u proizvodnji jaja postoje, ali ona zahteva promenu celokupnog dosadašnjeg pristupa.

Tehnološka rešenja i ambijentalne prilike bitno utiču na intezitet infestacije i problematičnost kontrole D. gallinae. Promene u načinu držanja kokošaka nosilja u EU, sa aspekta uticaja D. gallinae, nisu dovele do dobrobiti nosilja. Naprotiv, doprinele su širenju bolesti, pogoršale uslove kontrole i naglasile štetne posledice. Osim na živinu, promene su nepovoljno uticale na dobrobit čoveka kroz toksikološki i zoonotski rizik, i ekonomske štete. Konvencionalni kavezi obezbeđuju do sad najprikladniji ambijent za kontrolu D. gallinae. Mogućnosti za unapređenje, pa i rešenje kontrole D. gallinae u proizvodnji jaja postoje, ali ona zahteva promenu celokupnog dosadašnjeg pristupa., Technological solutions and environmental conditions have a significant impact on infestation intensity and the problems around D. gallinae control. Changes in keeping laying hens in EU, in terms of D. gallinae influence, have not led to the welfare of the layers. On the contrary, they have contributed to the spreading of disease, have worsened conditions for control and accentuated harmful consequences. Apart from the poultry, these changes have also had a negative impact on the welfare of humans, through a toxicological and zootonic risk, and economic damages. Conventional cages so far provide the most appropriate environment for D. gallinae control. Opportunities for improving, even solving the problem of D. gallinae control in egg production do exist, however they require a changing the entire approach hitherto.

Technological solutions and environmental conditions have a significant impact on infestation intensity and the problems around D. gallinae control. Changes in keeping laying hens in EU, in terms of D. gallinae influence, have not led to the welfare of the layers. On the contrary, they have contributed to the spreading of disease, have worsened conditions for control and accentuated harmful consequences. Apart from the poultry, these changes have also had a negative impact on the welfare of humans, through a toxicological and zootonic risk, and economic damages. Conventional cages so far provide the most appropriate environment for D. gallinae control. Opportunities for improving, even solving the problem of D. gallinae control in egg production do exist, however they require a changing the entire approach hitherto., Tehnološka rešenja i ambijentalne prilike bitno utiču na intezitet infestacije i problematičnost kontrole D. gallinae. Promene u načinu držanja kokošaka nosilja u EU, sa aspekta uticaja D. gallinae, nisu dovele do dobrobiti nosilja. Naprotiv, doprinele su širenju bolesti, pogoršale uslove kontrole i naglasile štetne posledice. Osim na živinu, promene su nepovoljno uticale na dobrobit čoveka kroz toksikološki i zoonotski rizik, i ekonomske štete. Konvencionalni kavezi obezbeđuju do sad najprikladniji ambijent za kontrolu D. gallinae. Mogućnosti za unapređenje, pa i rešenje kontrole D. gallinae u proizvodnji jaja postoje, ali ona zahteva promenu celokupnog dosadašnjeg pristupa.

Introduction To obtain the ideal aesthetics, each restorative material must imitate natural tooth in color, surface texture and be stable over time. Damage or wear of the material causes poor optical properties of the restoration, so it is necessary to repolish, repair or replace it. The aim of this study was to test the gloss and surface changes of the composite materials with filler's particles of different size, before and after material artificial mechanical ageing. Material and Methods Four composite materials were tested, two microhybrid composites (Gradia Direct GC, Herculite XRV, Kerr) and two nanohybrid composites (Filtek Ultimate 3M; TetricEvoceram, Ivoclar). Composites' samples of 9 × 9 × 2 mm in size were polished in accordance to the standard protocol by Sof-Lex discs (2382 C, SM, F, SF) for 30 seconds. Gloss was measured after polishing and taking photos using optical microscope (400×). In the chewing simulator, ageing of the samples was conducted (100,000 cyclic kicks). After the samples' ageing, surface photos were taken and gloss measured. The obtained results were statistically processed (One-way ANOVA, t-test). Results The best gloss after polishing was shown by Filtek Ultimate (54.00 ± 14.06), the worst by Gradia Direct (47.33 ± 7.92). There was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) in surface gloss after polishing composite. The smallest defects on the surface of composites were detected in material Gradia Direct (21363.7 mm2 ) with the average value of the diameter 137 mm. Conclusion The tested nanohybrid and microhybrid composites showed comparable gloss value before and after artificial aging. Mechanical aging caused vivid changes regarding surface defects on all tested composite materials., Uvod Da bi se dobila idealna estetika, svaki restaurativni materijal mora oponašati prirodni zub po boji i teksturi površine i mora biti stabilan u vremenu. Oštećenje ili habanje materijala uzrokuje loša optička svojstva ispuna, pa ga je neophodno prepolirati, reparirati ili zameniti. Cilj rada je bio da se ispitaju sjaj i površinske promene kompozita sa različitom veličinom čestica punilaca, pre i posle artificijalnog mehaničkog starenja. Materijal i metode Testirana su četiri kompozita, dva mikrohibridna (Gradia Direct GC; Herculite XRV, Kerr) i dva nanohibridna (Filtek Ultimate 3M; Tetric Evoceram, Ivoclar). Uzorci kompozita (9 × 9 × 2 mm) polirani su po standardnom protokolu diskovima Sof-Lex 30 sek. Posle poliranja izmeren je sjaj, a uzorci su posmatrani pod optičkim mikroskopom (×400). U simulatoru žvakanja uzorci su izloženi artificijalnom starenju sa 100.000 cikličnih udaraca. Posle mehaničkog starenja ponovo je izmeren sjaj, a površine su fotografisane i sačuvane u digitalnom formatu. Dobijeni rezultati su statistički obrađeni (One-way ANOVA, t-test). Rezultati Najveći sjaj posle poliranja pokazao je Filtek Ultimate (54,00 ± 14,06), a najmanji Gradia Direct (47,33 ± 7,92). Nije bilo statistički značajne razlike sjaja između testiranih materijala posle poliranja (p > 0,05). Najmanji defekti na površini kompozita uočeni su kod materijala Gradia Direct (21.364 mm), sa srednjom vrednošću prečnika 137 mm. Zaključak Ispitivani nanohibridni i mikrohibridni kompozitisu pokazali komparabilne vrednosti sjaja pre i posle artificijalnog starenja. Mehaničko starenje je izazvalo vidljive promene u vidu površinskih defekata na svim ispitivanim kompozitima.

Doktorska disertacija se bavi sintezom novog kompozita polimetil-metakrilata (PMMA) obogaćenog sferičnim nanočesticama cink-oksida (ZnO Nč), tehnikama karakterizacije i analizom dobijenih rezultata. Postavljena je hipoteza da totalne zubne proteze (TZP) izrađene od PMMA obogaćenog ZnO Nč mogu imati bolje fizičke i mehaničke karakterisatike u odnosu na TZP izrađene od konvencionalnog PMMA. U cilju potvrde postavljene hipoteze ove doktorske disertacije u prvom delu istraživanja je sintetisan novi kompozit PMMA/ZnO Nč, sa različitim zapreminskim delovima ZnO nanočestica (2 i 3 vol.%) u matriksu PMMA. Metodom dinamičkog rasejavanja svetlosti (DLS) izmerena je distribucija ZnO Nč u matrixu PMMA. Istraživanje je sprovedeno na pločicama dimenzija 42 mm x 7 mm x 3 mm, kojima je prvo određena gustina piknometrom. Na uzorcima je odrađena mikrostrukturna karakterizacija uz pomoć metoda: skenirajuće elektronske mikroskopije (SEM), energijski disperzivne rendgenske spektroskopije (EDX), Zeta Potencijala, termogravimetrijske analize (TGA), dinamičke mehaničke analize (DMA), flash diferencijalne skenirajuće kalorimetrije (Flash DSC), a kao kontrola su korišćeni uzorci čistog PMMA. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata i njihove analize iz prvog dela istraživanja urađeni su konkretni modeli zuba (oblika prvog gornjeg stalnog kutnjaka) i TZP kako bi se identifikovala mehanička svojstva koja su potrebna u kliničkoj praksi. Dobijeni uzorci su bili testirani na otpornost na habanje korišćenjem simulatora žvakanja i otpornost na lom sa klasičnim mehaničkim testom opterećenja. Prvom analizom je dobijen uvid u mikrostrukturu novog kompozita PMMA/ZnO Nč prateći distribuciju ZnO Nč u matriksu PMMA. U suspenziji metil-metakrilata (MMA) sa ZnO Nč prosečna vrednost veličine nanočestica bila je 2.21± 0.10 μm, ali 42.1% nanočestica je bilo u opsegu 21,04 nm..., The Doctoral Dissertation presents the development and synthesis of a new composite material, polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA), enriched with spherical zinc-oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), characterization techniques, and analyses of the results. The work hypothesis was that acrylic dentures made by PMMA enriched with ZnO NPs could have better physical and mechanical properties than dentures made by pure PMMA. To confirm this thesis in the first part of the investigation, a new composite, PMMA/ZnO NPs, was synthesised and tested with a different volume fraction (2 and 3 vol.%) of these nanoparticles into a matrix of PMMA. The DLS technique was used for chaking ZnO NPs' distribution into a PMMA matrix. Investigation was done on samples, in the shape of laminae with dimensions 42 mm x 7 mm x 3 mm, on which density had first measured with a picnometer. Microstructural characterization was made - SEM, EDX, Zeta Potential, TGA, DMA, Flash DSC) and, as a control, samples were made from pure PMMA. According to the results from the first part of the investigation, in the second step a concrete samples of a real model of teeth (in the shape of the first upper molar) and complete dentures had made, to identify which mechanical properties are required in clinical practice. These samples were tested for a wear resistance in a chewing simulator and for a fracture resistance in a classical mechanical tensile strength test. With the first analysis an insight was got into the microstructure of the new composite material PMMA/ZnO NPs, and followed the distribution of these nanoparticles in the PMMA matrix. In suspension with MMA, the average value of ZnO NPs was 2.21± 0.10 μm, but 42.1% of the nanoparticles were around 21,04 nm. The problem with irregular distribution was solved with a different kind of mixture dry phase (PMMA powder and powder of ZnO NPs) for a 2h in contolled vacuum conditions for a precise synthesis of the new material. Density measurement in a new composite confirm

Background/Aim. Many studies investigated association between stress, anxiety or personality traits and sleep bruxism (SB), but results are still contradictory. We aimed to investigate whether there is a relation between clinically diagnosed sleep bruxism and salivary cortisol levels as one of the major stress biomarkers and to examine psychological factors and personality traits specific to sleep bruxism. Methods. A total of 23 sleep bruxism patients and 42 healthy non-sleep bruxism adults participated in this study. Diagnose of sleep-bruxism was assessed by self-report and clinical examination and also confirmed by bed-partner. Morning saliva was collected from all participants for analyses of the cortisol level. Sleep bruxism patients underwent a psychodiagnostic personality interpretation using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory - MMPI-202 test. Results. Statistically significant difference between levels of morning salivary cortisol in the group of SB patients and the control group was recorded (t = 2.943, p lt 0.01). Analysis of the personality profiles indicated that the sleep bruxism patients avoid contact with unpleasant feelings, especially depression, suppress the aggression and censor the expression of anger and rage. Conclusion. This study showed that patients with sleep bruxism have higher levels of salivary cortisol. Personality traits such as depression, hypomania and suppressed aggression were found to be common characteristics in patients with sleep bruxism. Present findings might support the hypothesis that sleep bruxism and psychological states such as stress may be related, but the cross-sectional nature of this study does not allow us to draw conclusions about the causal relationship between stress, personality traits and sleep bruxism., Uvod/Cilj. Mnoge studije ispitivale su povezanost između stresa, anksioznosti, crta ličnosti i bruksizma, ali su rezultati i dalje kontradiktorni. Cilj ove studije bio je da se ispita da li postoji povezanost između klinički dijagnostikovanog bruksizma koji se javlja tokom spavanja i koncentracije kortizola u salivi koja se smatra jednim od glavnih biomarkera stresa, kao i da se ispitaju psihološki faktori i crte ličnosti osoba sa bruksizmom. Metode. Studija je obuhvatila 23 bolesnika sa bruksizmom i 42 zdrava ispitanika bez znakova bruksizma. Dijagnoza bruksizma uspostavljena je na osnovu spostvene izjave i kliničkog pregleda kao i potvrde partnera. Uzorci jutarnje pljuvačke prikupljani su radi analize kortizola. Bolesnici sa bruksizmom podvrgnuti su psihodijagnostičkom ispitivanju pomoću Minesota multifaznog testa ličnosti - MMPI-202. Rezultati. U grupi bolesnika sa bruksizmom registrovana je značajno veća koncentracija kortizola u pljuvačci u poređenju sa pacijentima bez znakova bruksizma (t = 2.943, p lt 0.01). Psihodijagnostička interpretacija profila ličnosti pokazala je da ispitanike sa bruksizmom karakteriše izbegavanje kontakta sa neprijatnim osećanjima, posebno depresijom i potiskivanje agresivnosti, odnosno izražena autocenzura na otvoreno ispoljavanje ljutnje i besa. Zaključak. Kod bolesnika sa bruksizmom registrovane su povećane koncentracije kortizola u salivi. Psihodijagnostička analiza ukazuje da su depresija, hipomanija i supresija agresije izražene kod bolesnika sa bruksizmom. Nalazi bi mogli da podrže hipotezu povezanosti bruksizma u toku spavanja i stresa, ali priroda ove studije ne dozvoljava izvođenje zaključaka o uzročnoj povezanosti stresa, crta ličnosti i bruksizma u toku spavanja.

The focus of the paper is on the eulogiae that Sava of Serbia, on his pilgrimage in the Holy Land, sent to the abbot of Studenica, Spyridon: a little cross, a little belt, a little towel and a little stone. In his letter accompanying the gifts, the earliest surviving work of Serbian epistolary literature, Sava points to their prayer and protective function. Sava's eulogiae are looked at against the background of Eastern Christian devotional practices.

The focus of the paper is on the eulogiae that Sava of Serbia, on his pilgrimage in the Holy Land, sent to the abbot of Studenica, Spyridon: a little cross, a little belt, a little towel and a little stone. In his letter accompanying the gifts, the earliest surviving work of Serbian epistolary literature, Sava points to their prayer and protective function. Sava's eulogiae are looked at against the background of Eastern Christian devotional practices.

Nasal defects can occur as a result of head and neck trauma, or due to partial or complete ablation or resection of the tumor in the nasal area and surroundings. Smaller defects can be reconstructed surgically while large defects are mainly reconstructed combined surgically and prosthetically. The aim of this paper was to present prosthetic reconstruction of the nasal defect by colored vinyl polysiloxane prosthesis retained with craniofacial basal disc implants. An adequate aesthetics and stability of the prosthesis was achieved during mandible and mimic muscles movements., Defekti nosa mogu nastati kao posledica traume glave i vrata ili usled delimične ili potpune ablacije, odnosno resekcije tumora predela nosa i okoline. Manji defekti nosa se rekonstruišu hirurški, dok se veliki defekti uglavnom rekonstruišu kombinovano, kako hirurški tako i protetski. Cilj ovoga rada bio je da se prikaže protetska rekonstrukcija defekta nosa protezom izrađenom od vinil-polisiloksana u boji sa retencijom preko kraniofacijalnih bazalnih disk-implantata. Ovakvom protetskom nadoknadom postignute su zadovoljavajuća estetika i stabilnost proteze pri pokretima mandibule i mimičnih mišića.

The surviving sources suggest that St Sava of Serbia was, as part of the programme of securing sacral legitimacy for the state and dynasty, setting the scene for the inclusion of his brother Stefan, the first-crowned Serbian king, among the saints. This part of the programme was not fully realized, but the focus of the cult was on the incorrupt relics. The cult of Stefan the First-Crowned was not rounded off until the seventeenth century, when the Patriarch Paisios wrote a vita and a service. The development of the cult over the centuries (from the 13th to the 20th century) was a direct reflection of changing historical circumstances and the prevailing ideology of rulership. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 177003 (Srednjovekovno nasleđe Balkana - institucije i kultura]

The paper discusses the virtually unpublished reliquary of Serbian provenance now kept in the Museo Diocesano in Pienza. It tackles the issue of the typology of the staurotheke, its decoration and symbolic significance. Based on its Old-Serbian inscription, “Sava, the first archbishop and patriarch of the Serbs”, the reliquary is dated to the last quarter of the fourteenth century and related to the programme of the Serbian Patriarchate. The surviving sources make it possible to reconstruct the road the staurotheke travelled from the treasuries of Žiča and the Patriarchate of Peć to Pienza. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 177003: Medieval heritage of the Balkans: Institutions and culture]

The paper discusses the virtually unpublished reliquary of Serbian provenance now kept in the Museo Diocesano in Pienza. It tackles the issue of the typology of the staurotheke, its decoration and symbolic significance. Based on its Old-Serbian inscription, “Sava, the first archbishop and patriarch of the Serbs”, the reliquary is dated to the last quarter of the fourteenth century and related to the programme of the Serbian Patriarchate. The surviving sources make it possible to reconstruct the road the staurotheke travelled from the treasuries of Žiča and the Patriarchate of Peć to Pienza. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 177003: Medieval heritage of the Balkans: Institutions and culture]

Hypodontia of upper lateral incisors is significant aesthetic problem in young people. Ideal solution to this problem would be an implant placement, but there is a problem of unfinished growth and development. It is therefore necessary to have a temporary solution in order to maintain normal stomatognathic system functions and solve aesthetic problems until the final restoration is placed. The aim of this study was to show the possibility of treating hypodontia of permanent upper lateral incisors by creating adhesive bridge in one visit. A 15-year-old patient was referred to the Department for Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine in Belgrade with hypodontia of permanent upper lateral incisors. The patient had braces until 14 years of age after which she was rehabilitated with partial denture that was neither aesthetically nor functionally acceptable solution for her and significantly affected her emotional security. The adhesive bridge was made using GC composite fibers and a set of GC composite materials for the purpose of temporary replacement of missing teeth. This treatment provided good functional and aesthetic results. The space for the placement of two endosseous implants is preserved and a period of adaptation positively influenced the patient's social development in sensitive adolescent age., Hipodoncija gornjih lateralnih sekutića predstavlja značajan estetski problem mladih osoba. Idealno rešenje ovog problema bi predstavljala ugradnja implantata i izrada krunice, ali je prisutan problem nezavršenog rasta i razvoja. Zbog toga je neophodno izraditi privremeno rešenje, kako bi se normalno odvijale funkcije stomatognatnog sistema i rešili estetski problemi, sve do izrade trajne nadoknade. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se prikaže mogućnost zbrinjavanja hipodoncije stalnih gornjih lateralnih sekutića izradom adhezivnog mosta u jednoj poseti. Pacijentkinja starosti 15 godina javila se na Kliniku za stomatološku protetiku Stomatološkog fakulteta u Beogradu sa hipodoncijom stalnih gornjih lateralnih sekutića. U anamnezi je navela da je nosila fiksni ortodontski aparat do svoje 14. godine, a potom bila rehabilitovana parcijalnom pločastom protezom, kojom nije bila zadovoljna ni estetski ni funkcionalno, što je značajno uticalo na njenu emocionalnu nesigurnost. Izrađen je adhezivni most primenom GC kompozitnih vlakana i setom GC kompozitnih materijala sa ciljem privremene nadoknade neizniklih zuba. Primenjenom terapijom je postignut zadovoljavajući funkcionalni i estetski rezultat do momenta realizacije trajnog protetskog rešenja. Sačuvan je prostor za ugradnju dva endosealna implantata, a period adaptacije je pozitvno uticao na socijalni razvoj osobe u osetljivom pubertetskom dobu. .

Hypodontia of upper lateral incisors is significant aesthetic problem in young people. Ideal solution to this problem would be an implant placement, but there is a problem of unfinished growth and development. It is therefore necessary to have a temporary solution in order to maintain normal stomatognathic system functions and solve aesthetic problems until the final restoration is placed. The aim of this study was to show the possibility of treating hypodontia of permanent upper lateral incisors by creating adhesive bridge in one visit. A 15-year-old patient was referred to the Department for Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine in Belgrade with hypodontia of permanent upper lateral incisors. The patient had braces until 14 years of age after which she was rehabilitated with partial denture that was neither aesthetically nor functionally acceptable solution for her and significantly affected her emotional security. The adhesive bridge was made using GC composite fibers and a set of GC composite materials for the purpose of temporary replacement of missing teeth. This treatment provided good functional and aesthetic results. The space for the placement of two endosseous implants is preserved and a period of adaptation positively influenced the patient's social development in sensitive adolescent age., Hipodoncija gornjih lateralnih sekutića predstavlja značajan estetski problem mladih osoba. Idealno rešenje ovog problema bi predstavljala ugradnja implantata i izrada krunice, ali je prisutan problem nezavršenog rasta i razvoja. Zbog toga je neophodno izraditi privremeno rešenje, kako bi se normalno odvijale funkcije stomatognatnog sistema i rešili estetski problemi, sve do izrade trajne nadoknade. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se prikaže mogućnost zbrinjavanja hipodoncije stalnih gornjih lateralnih sekutića izradom adhezivnog mosta u jednoj poseti. Pacijentkinja starosti 15 godina javila se na Kliniku za stomatološku protetiku Stomatološkog fakulteta u Beogradu sa hipodoncijom stalnih gornjih lateralnih sekutića. U anamnezi je navela da je nosila fiksni ortodontski aparat do svoje 14. godine, a potom bila rehabilitovana parcijalnom pločastom protezom, kojom nije bila zadovoljna ni estetski ni funkcionalno, što je značajno uticalo na njenu emocionalnu nesigurnost. Izrađen je adhezivni most primenom GC kompozitnih vlakana i setom GC kompozitnih materijala sa ciljem privremene nadoknade neizniklih zuba. Primenjenom terapijom je postignut zadovoljavajući funkcionalni i estetski rezultat do momenta realizacije trajnog protetskog rešenja. Sačuvan je prostor za ugradnju dva endosealna implantata, a period adaptacije je pozitvno uticao na socijalni razvoj osobe u osetljivom pubertetskom dobu. .

The Life of archbishop Eustathios I [Jevstatije] (1279-1286), deserving head of the medieval Serbian Church and a saint, is a very interesting source for studying the cult of relics with the Serbs. This is not surprising considering that the Life was penned by one of the most illustrious of Eustathios' successors on the church throne, Daniel II [Danilo], a learned Athonite and unquestionable master of the hagiographie literary genre. In his account of the life of his distinguished predecessor, Daniel describes extensively the events constituting the key stage in the glorification of a saint, namely Eustathios' death and posthumous occurrences at his grave. As most holy men, Eustathios foresaw his own death, and he departed from this world serenely. He was buried, with due honours, in the 'marble grave' he had prepared for himself in the cathedral church of Holy Saviour at Žiča. In keeping with the well-established saint-making process, a few years after the funeral 'extraordinary signs' began to occur at the archbishop's grave, in this particular case, candlelight and a multitude of murmuring voices followed by the miraculous cure of an incurably ill person. These occurrences preceded the great miracle which, to the best of my knowledge, is unparalleled in the medieval Serbian practice of relic veneration. Namely, 'one day they found growing from his marble grave three flowers endowed with wondrous beauty and impossible to liken to anything else. For, indeed, they were not of earthly humidity or of union with flowers that grow from earth; but, o wonder, how a dry stone standing for so long in the church could send forth fragrant flowers, to the renewal of the sanctified one's body'. Flower metaphors occur in the Service to the holy archbishop Eustathios, yet another piece penned by Daniel II, notably in his paraphrases of Psalm 92, 12-14 ('The righteous shall flourish like the palm tree: he shall grow like a cedar in Lebanon. These that be planted in the house of th

The Life of archbishop Eustathios I [Jevstatije] (1279-1286), deserving head of the medieval Serbian Church and a saint, is a very interesting source for studying the cult of relics with the Serbs. This is not surprising considering that the Life was penned by one of the most illustrious of Eustathios' successors on the church throne, Daniel II [Danilo], a learned Athonite and unquestionable master of the hagiographie literary genre. In his account of the life of his distinguished predecessor, Daniel describes extensively the events constituting the key stage in the glorification of a saint, namely Eustathios' death and posthumous occurrences at his grave. As most holy men, Eustathios foresaw his own death, and he departed from this world serenely. He was buried, with due honours, in the 'marble grave' he had prepared for himself in the cathedral church of Holy Saviour at Žiča. In keeping with the well-established saint-making process, a few years after the funeral 'extraordinary signs' began to occur at the archbishop's grave, in this particular case, candlelight and a multitude of murmuring voices followed by the miraculous cure of an incurably ill person. These occurrences preceded the great miracle which, to the best of my knowledge, is unparalleled in the medieval Serbian practice of relic veneration. Namely, 'one day they found growing from his marble grave three flowers endowed with wondrous beauty and impossible to liken to anything else. For, indeed, they were not of earthly humidity or of union with flowers that grow from earth; but, o wonder, how a dry stone standing for so long in the church could send forth fragrant flowers, to the renewal of the sanctified one's body'. Flower metaphors occur in the Service to the holy archbishop Eustathios, yet another piece penned by Daniel II, notably in his paraphrases of Psalm 92, 12-14 ('The righteous shall flourish like the palm tree: he shall grow like a cedar in Lebanon. These that be planted in the house of th

Essential concepts in Christian thought and practice, the desert and holy mountain denote a particular kind of monastic and sacral space. They are secluded from the world, intended for asceticism, and ambivalent in nature they are inhospitable and menacing zones populated with demons, but also a monastic paradise, places for spiritual conversion and encounter with the divine. From earliest times, deserts and holy mountains had a few distinguishing characteristics. All forms of monastic life, from communal to solitary, were practiced side by side there. Monks of a special make-up and distinction known as holy men who were also often founders of illustrious communities, future saints and miracle-workers acted there. Furthermore these locales were important spiritual and bookmaking centre's, and therefore, strongholds of Orthodoxy. When trying to research Serbian material on this topic, we face a specific situation: few surviving sources on the one hand, and devastated monuments on the other. The ultimate consequence is that the entire subject has been neglected. Therefore the study of the Serbian deserts and holy mountains requires a very complex interdisciplinary approach with systematic field work as its essential part. It should address the following issues: corroboration, on the basis of written sources, of the reception of the concept of the monastic desert and holy mountain in a particular, regional, context; the distinct means and mechanisms employed in their physical realization; interpretation of their function; the recognition of patterns preserved in the surviving physical structures. Even the results obtained so far appear to be relevant enough to become included in the sacral topography of the Christian world. The author of this study gives particular attention to the detailed analysis of written sources of various genres - diplomatic sources, hagiographic material, liturgical texts, observation notes - in order to establish the meaning and the function o

Essential concepts in Christian thought and practice, the desert and holy mountain denote a particular kind of monastic and sacral space. They are secluded from the world, intended for asceticism, and ambivalent in nature they are inhospitable and menacing zones populated with demons, but also a monastic paradise, places for spiritual conversion and encounter with the divine. From earliest times, deserts and holy mountains had a few distinguishing characteristics. All forms of monastic life, from communal to solitary, were practiced side by side there. Monks of a special make-up and distinction known as holy men who were also often founders of illustrious communities, future saints and miracle-workers acted there. Furthermore these locales were important spiritual and bookmaking centre's, and therefore, strongholds of Orthodoxy. When trying to research Serbian material on this topic, we face a specific situation: few surviving sources on the one hand, and devastated monuments on the other. The ultimate consequence is that the entire subject has been neglected. Therefore the study of the Serbian deserts and holy mountains requires a very complex interdisciplinary approach with systematic field work as its essential part. It should address the following issues: corroboration, on the basis of written sources, of the reception of the concept of the monastic desert and holy mountain in a particular, regional, context; the distinct means and mechanisms employed in their physical realization; interpretation of their function; the recognition of patterns preserved in the surviving physical structures. Even the results obtained so far appear to be relevant enough to become included in the sacral topography of the Christian world. The author of this study gives particular attention to the detailed analysis of written sources of various genres - diplomatic sources, hagiographic material, liturgical texts, observation notes - in order to establish the meaning and the function o

Aesthetic outcome of implant therapy involves the appropriate architecture of peri-implant soft tissue and interdental papilla. The dynamic compression technique of soft tissue is mentioned in contemporary literature as one of the methods for achieving optimal emergence profile. The aim of this case report was to present soft tissue prosthetic modeling with temporary crowns on implants for obtaining an emergence profile of final restoration. A 25-year-old female patient with missing left maxillary central incisor was referred to the Department of Oral Surgery School of Dental Medicine University in Belgrade for dental implant placement. After detailed planning, implant placement of Straumann Bone level implant NC O 3, 3×12 mm (StraumannR Bone Level NC), in the position of 21 was performed. Upon completion of osseointegration period, screw retained laboratory temporary crown was fabricated. During the next 3 months emergence profile was scalloped by creating additional pressure on the soft tissue with periodic adding the composite resin material to a temporary crown. The created emergence profile was transferred to the master cast by using customized impression coping, making possible fabrication of the final implant restoration according to the design made with provisional restoration. Soft tissue conditioning using temporary dental restorations on implants presents a non-invasive method with predictable aesthetic result., Estetski uspeh implantološke terapije podrazumeva odgovarajuću arhitekturu periimplantatnih mekih tkiva i interdentalne papile. Tehnika dinamičke kompresije mekih tkiva pominje se u savremenoj literaturi kao jedna od metoda za postizanje optimalnog izlaznog profila. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se predstavi mogućnost protetičkog modelovanja mekih tkiva zubnom nadoknadom na implantatu za dobijanje izlaznog profila definitivne nadoknade. Žena stara 25 godina sa nedostatkom centralnog sekutića u gornjoj vilici s leve strane upućena je na Kliniku za oralnu hirurgiju Stomatološkog fakulteta Univerziteta u Beogradu radi ugradnje implantata. Posle detaljnog planiranja, u predelu zuba 21 ugrađen je Straumann Bone level implant NC O 3,3×12,0 mm (Straumann® Bone Level NC). Po završenom periodu oseointegracije izrađena je laboratorijska privremena krunica retinirana zavrtnjem. Tokom sledeća tri meseca izlazni profil je oblikovan periodičnim stvaranjem dodatnog pritiska na meka tkiva dodavanjem kompozitnog materijala na privremenu krunicu. Izlazni mekotkivni profil je pomoću individualizovanog transfera pozicije implantata prenet na radni model, što je omogućilo izradu konačne keramičke hibridne krunice prema dizajnu koji je kreiran privremenom nadoknadom. Priprema mekih tkiva privremenim zubnim nadoknadama na implantatima je neinvazivna klinička metoda s predvidljivim estetskim rezultatom i zadovoljavajućom visinom i širinom interdentalne papile.

During the field geological mapping and accompanied laboratory studies of the samples for the Basic Geological Map in the wider area of the town of Valjevo (Central Serbia) were distinguished serpentinites, gabbros, peridotites, andesites, diabases and amphibolites. In addition, at one locality within the area (i.e. the village of Danilović, site Suva česma), there was detected one unusual rock in the contact with serpentinite, which is in this paper further determined by the optical microscopic, XRPD and chemical methods, as rodingite.