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Computational notebooks are widely utilized for exploration and analysis. However, creating slides to communicate analysis results from these notebooks is quite tedious and time-consuming. Researchers have proposed automatic systems for generating slides from notebooks, which, however, often do not consider the process of users conceiving and organizing their messages from massive code cells. Those systems ask users to go directly into the slide creation process, which causes potentially ill-structured slides and burdens in further refinement. Inspired by the common and widely recommended slide creation practice: drafting outlines first and then adding concrete content, we introduce OutlineSpark, an AI-powered slide creation tool that generates slides from a slide outline written by the user. The tool automatically retrieves relevant notebook cells based on the outlines and converts them into slide content. We evaluated OutlineSpark with 12 users. Both the quantitative and qualitative feedback from the participants verify its effectiveness and usability. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s)

The project ‘There is a place - Forever seeking’ addresses immigration, identity transitions, change and the yearning to belong. I grew up in Lebanon and moved to Sweden nine years ago, in 2014. During my three years at Konstfack I have developed my artistic expression and have come to realise that it is heavily influenced by styles expressed in the Middle East - something I originally didn’t relate to or found especially alluring. It is not strange that one gets inspired by their surroundings but what I found interesting is that I have been unknowingly and subconsciously recreating places, objects, shapes and contours from my past. This raised many questions regarding my artistic identity and artistic expression: In which category does it fall in? Have I tried to recreate places and objects because I miss them? Is it because the contours I've used seem familiar? Have I been looking for these contours even here in Sweden as way to feel at home? Or feel like I belong? At the end of my third year of the bachelor's program Interior Architecture and Furniture Design (in 2024), I've decided to tackle these questions as part of my thesis. By using my memories and the contours of the places that have had an impact on me I’ve created a mobile, using spatial design to create my own world made of ever-changing landscapes that feel familiar, places and contours that I have searched for, the home I’ve been seeking.

The project ‘There is a place - Forever seeking’ addresses immigration, identity transitions, change and the yearning to belong. I grew up in Lebanon and moved to Sweden nine years ago, in 2014. During my three years at Konstfack I have developed my artistic expression and have come to realise that it is heavily influenced by styles expressed in the Middle East - something I originally didn’t relate to or found especially alluring. It is not strange that one gets inspired by their surroundings but what I found interesting is that I have been unknowingly and subconsciously recreating places, objects, shapes and contours from my past. This raised many questions regarding my artistic identity and artistic expression: In which category does it fall in? Have I tried to recreate places and objects because I miss them? Is it because the contours I've used seem familiar? Have I been looking for these contours even here in Sweden as way to feel at home? Or feel like I belong? At the end of my third year of the bachelor's program Interior Architecture and Furniture Design (in 2024), I've decided to tackle these questions as part of my thesis. By using my memories and the contours of the places that have had an impact on me I’ve created a mobile, using spatial design to create my own world made of ever-changing landscapes that feel familiar, places and contours that I have searched for, the home I’ve been seeking.

An important aspect of prismatic blade production is the choice of a knapping technique. This study tests the utility of elliptic Fourier analysis (EFA) for discriminating between different knapping techniques and offers a new perspective on blade variability. Our results indicate that there is an overlap in the outline shape and symmetry of individual blades produced by direct percussion, indirect percussion, and pressure debitage. Nevertheless, the EFA points out certain group-level differences regarding the shape and regularity of blade outlines and yields classification accuracy which is comparable to the previously proposed quantitative approaches for distinguishing blades produced by different knapping techniques. However, a more detailed analysis of technique-related factors shows that the emerging variability of blade outlines is more complex and that tripartite division might not always be suitable for reconstructing the past knapping behavior. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this method, and how it could complement the standard technological analysis in exploring and explaining blade variability.

Research is a fundamental factor for the development and improvement of any area of study, however, the English Language Teaching (ELT) undergraduate programs in Mexico usually fail to promote research in their schools. This is the case of the ELT the undergraduate program of the Escuela de Lenguas, Campus Tapachula in the Autonomous University of Chiapas (UNACH as for its initials in Spanish), where little is known by the school about the organizational pattern of the submitted theses by trainees. This is a descriptive study that seeks out to reveal how these are structured in the Escuela de Lenguas, Campus Tapachula. This research is going to be carried out by applying questionnaires to trainees, graduates, thesis-supervisors, and members of the reading committee and conducting a documentary analysis of the theses submitted from 2012 to 2019 to detail how they are structured. It was discovered that most of the theses are composed of four chapters, yet most of the participants agree on the theses of five chapters. According to the results obtained, two different outlines were designed varying in the number of chapters and the elements included in each one., La investigación es un factor fundamental para desarrollar y mejorar cualquier área de estudio; sin embargo, los programas de licenciatura en la Enseñanza del Inglés (ELT) rara vez promocionan la investigación en sus propias escuelas. Este es el caso del programa de Licenciatura en la Enseñanza del Inglés de la Escuela de Lenguas Campus Tapachula, de la Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (UNACH), donde poco se conoce sobre el formato organizacional de las tesis entregadas por los egresados. Este un estudio descriptivo que buscar revelar como las tesis se estructuran en la Escuela de Lenguas Campus Tapachula; y para lograrlo, se aplicarán cuestionarios a los estudiantes, graduados, supervisores de tesis, y miembros del Comité Revisor, para luego llevar a cabo un análisis documental de las tesis entregadas del 2012 al 2019 para detallar cómo están estructuradas. Se encontró que la mayoría de estas tesis se componen de cuatro capítulos, aun cuando la mayoría de los participantes concuerdan que las tesis deben tener cinco capítulos De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, se diseñaron dos tipos de formato diferentes variando el número de capítulos y los elementos incluidos en cada tipo.

An important aspect of prismatic blade production is the choice of a knapping technique. This study tests the utility of elliptic Fourier analysis (EFA) for discriminating between different knapping techniques and offers a new perspective on blade variability. Our results indicate that there is an overlap in the outline shape and symmetry of individual blades produced by direct percussion, indirect percussion, and pressure debitage. Nevertheless, the EFA points out certain group-level differences regarding the shape and regularity of blade outlines and yields classification accuracy which is comparable to the previously proposed quantitative approaches for distinguishing blades produced by different knapping techniques. However, a more detailed analysis of technique-related factors shows that the emerging variability of blade outlines is more complex and that tripartite division might not always be suitable for reconstructing the past knapping behavior. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this method, and how it could complement the standard technological analysis in exploring and explaining blade variability.

Background. Visualizations are used in games to help players find and complete objectives, such as shooting all enemies or finding the hidden treasure. Different methods to do this involve outlines of various colors as well as markers floating above targets. To the best of the author’s knowledge, no research regarding how these outlines affect player performance exists. Objectives. The objective for this thesis is to find out how an outline around a target in a First Person Shooter game affects the accuracy and the shooting speed for the player. Methods. In order to collect the data a small game was developed where players completed two levels, where one had targets with outlines while the targets on the other level did not. The metrics for the experiment include time to shoot and distance from the center of the target to where the shot lands. Time to shoot is also used to get the time to re-shoot, if the previous shot missed the target. Results. The data collected during the experiment show that having an outline around a target lowers the time needed for players to shoot at it, both when it first shows up but also if the first shot missed and the player must shoot again. Having an outline also lowers the accuracy, with more misses and a longer distance from the point where a shot landed to the center of the targets. The results are statistically significant. Conclusions. Having outlines might help players find targets faster, at the cost of accuracy. However, more research is needed regarding the different aspects of the outline., Bakgrund. Visualiseringar används i spel för att hjälpa spelare att hitta och slutföra objekt, så som att skjuta alla fiender eller hitta den gömda skatten. Olika metoder för att göra detta är bland annat outlines, en aura runt ett objekt, i olika färger och markörer som flyter ovanför mål. Dock så har det inte hittats någon forskning om hur dessa outlines påverkar spelarnas prestation. Syfte. Målet med denna tes är att ta reda på hur en outline runt ett mål i ett spel av genren First Person Shooter påverkar träffsäkerheten och skjuthastigheten för spelaren. Metod. För att samla ihop datan som behövdes utvecklades ett litet spel där spelare spelade två nivåer, där en hade outlines och den andra inte hade det. För att kunna jämföra resultatet används tiden till skott samt avståndet mellan målets mittpunkt och positionen där ett skott landade. Tiden till skott används även för att få tidenför att skjuta igen, om det förra skottet missade måltavlan. Resultat. Datan som samlades in under experimentet visar att om det finns en outline runt en måltavla minskade tiden som en spelare behövde för att skjuta, både när målet först dök upp och om första skottet missade och spelaren behövde skjuta igen. Att ha en outline minskade även träffsäkerheten hos spelarna, med fler missade skott och en längre sträcka från punkten där skottet träffade till mitten av målet. Datan är statistiskt signifikant. Slutsatser. Att ha outlines hjälper spelare att skjuta snabbare, till kostnad av en lägre träffsäkerhet. Dock behövs mer forskning gällande de olika aspekterna av outlines.

Background. Visualizations are used in games to help players find and complete objectives, such as shooting all enemies or finding the hidden treasure. Different methods to do this involve outlines of various colors as well as markers floating above targets. To the best of the author’s knowledge, no research regarding how these outlines affect player performance exists. Objectives. The objective for this thesis is to find out how an outline around a target in a First Person Shooter game affects the accuracy and the shooting speed for the player. Methods. In order to collect the data a small game was developed where players completed two levels, where one had targets with outlines while the targets on the other level did not. The metrics for the experiment include time to shoot and distance from the center of the target to where the shot lands. Time to shoot is also used to get the time to re-shoot, if the previous shot missed the target. Results. The data collected during the experiment show that having an outline around a target lowers the time needed for players to shoot at it, both when it first shows up but also if the first shot missed and the player must shoot again. Having an outline also lowers the accuracy, with more misses and a longer distance from the point where a shot landed to the center of the targets. The results are statistically significant. Conclusions. Having outlines might help players find targets faster, at the cost of accuracy. However, more research is needed regarding the different aspects of the outline., Bakgrund. Visualiseringar används i spel för att hjälpa spelare att hitta och slutföra objekt, så som att skjuta alla fiender eller hitta den gömda skatten. Olika metoder för att göra detta är bland annat outlines, en aura runt ett objekt, i olika färger och markörer som flyter ovanför mål. Dock så har det inte hittats någon forskning om hur dessa outlines påverkar spelarnas prestation. Syfte. Målet med denna tes är att ta reda på hur en outline runt ett mål i ett spel av genren First Person Shooter påverkar träffsäkerheten och skjuthastigheten för spelaren. Metod. För att samla ihop datan som behövdes utvecklades ett litet spel där spelare spelade två nivåer, där en hade outlines och den andra inte hade det. För att kunna jämföra resultatet används tiden till skott samt avståndet mellan målets mittpunkt och positionen där ett skott landade. Tiden till skott används även för att få tidenför att skjuta igen, om det förra skottet missade måltavlan. Resultat. Datan som samlades in under experimentet visar att om det finns en outline runt en måltavla minskade tiden som en spelare behövde för att skjuta, både när målet först dök upp och om första skottet missade och spelaren behövde skjuta igen. Att ha en outline minskade även träffsäkerheten hos spelarna, med fler missade skott och en längre sträcka från punkten där skottet träffade till mitten av målet. Datan är statistiskt signifikant. Slutsatser. Att ha outlines hjälper spelare att skjuta snabbare, till kostnad av en lägre träffsäkerhet. Dock behövs mer forskning gällande de olika aspekterna av outlines.

Background. Visualizations are used in games to help players find and complete objectives, such as shooting all enemies or finding the hidden treasure. Different methods to do this involve outlines of various colors as well as markers floating above targets. To the best of the author’s knowledge, no research regarding how these outlines affect player performance exists. Objectives. The objective for this thesis is to find out how an outline around a target in a First Person Shooter game affects the accuracy and the shooting speed for the player. Methods. In order to collect the data a small game was developed where players completed two levels, where one had targets with outlines while the targets on the other level did not. The metrics for the experiment include time to shoot and distance from the center of the target to where the shot lands. Time to shoot is also used to get the time to re-shoot, if the previous shot missed the target. Results. The data collected during the experiment show that having an outline around a target lowers the time needed for players to shoot at it, both when it first shows up but also if the first shot missed and the player must shoot again. Having an outline also lowers the accuracy, with more misses and a longer distance from the point where a shot landed to the center of the targets. The results are statistically significant. Conclusions. Having outlines might help players find targets faster, at the cost of accuracy. However, more research is needed regarding the different aspects of the outline., Bakgrund. Visualiseringar används i spel för att hjälpa spelare att hitta och slutföra objekt, så som att skjuta alla fiender eller hitta den gömda skatten. Olika metoder för att göra detta är bland annat outlines, en aura runt ett objekt, i olika färger och markörer som flyter ovanför mål. Dock så har det inte hittats någon forskning om hur dessa outlines påverkar spelarnas prestation. Syfte. Målet med denna tes är att ta reda på hur en outline runt ett mål i ett spel av genren First Person Shooter påverkar träffsäkerheten och skjuthastigheten för spelaren. Metod. För att samla ihop datan som behövdes utvecklades ett litet spel där spelare spelade två nivåer, där en hade outlines och den andra inte hade det. För att kunna jämföra resultatet används tiden till skott samt avståndet mellan målets mittpunkt och positionen där ett skott landade. Tiden till skott används även för att få tidenför att skjuta igen, om det förra skottet missade måltavlan. Resultat. Datan som samlades in under experimentet visar att om det finns en outline runt en måltavla minskade tiden som en spelare behövde för att skjuta, både när målet först dök upp och om första skottet missade och spelaren behövde skjuta igen. Att ha en outline minskade även träffsäkerheten hos spelarna, med fler missade skott och en längre sträcka från punkten där skottet träffade till mitten av målet. Datan är statistiskt signifikant. Slutsatser. Att ha outlines hjälper spelare att skjuta snabbare, till kostnad av en lägre träffsäkerhet. Dock behövs mer forskning gällande de olika aspekterna av outlines.

Background. Visualizations are used in games to help players find and complete objectives, such as shooting all enemies or finding the hidden treasure. Different methods to do this involve outlines of various colors as well as markers floating above targets. To the best of the author’s knowledge, no research regarding how these outlines affect player performance exists. Objectives. The objective for this thesis is to find out how an outline around a target in a First Person Shooter game affects the accuracy and the shooting speed for the player. Methods. In order to collect the data a small game was developed where players completed two levels, where one had targets with outlines while the targets on the other level did not. The metrics for the experiment include time to shoot and distance from the center of the target to where the shot lands. Time to shoot is also used to get the time to re-shoot, if the previous shot missed the target. Results. The data collected during the experiment show that having an outline around a target lowers the time needed for players to shoot at it, both when it first shows up but also if the first shot missed and the player must shoot again. Having an outline also lowers the accuracy, with more misses and a longer distance from the point where a shot landed to the center of the targets. The results are statistically significant. Conclusions. Having outlines might help players find targets faster, at the cost of accuracy. However, more research is needed regarding the different aspects of the outline., Bakgrund. Visualiseringar används i spel för att hjälpa spelare att hitta och slutföra objekt, så som att skjuta alla fiender eller hitta den gömda skatten. Olika metoder för att göra detta är bland annat outlines, en aura runt ett objekt, i olika färger och markörer som flyter ovanför mål. Dock så har det inte hittats någon forskning om hur dessa outlines påverkar spelarnas prestation. Syfte. Målet med denna tes är att ta reda på hur en outline runt ett mål i ett spel av genren First Person Shooter påverkar träffsäkerheten och skjuthastigheten för spelaren. Metod. För att samla ihop datan som behövdes utvecklades ett litet spel där spelare spelade två nivåer, där en hade outlines och den andra inte hade det. För att kunna jämföra resultatet används tiden till skott samt avståndet mellan målets mittpunkt och positionen där ett skott landade. Tiden till skott används även för att få tidenför att skjuta igen, om det förra skottet missade måltavlan. Resultat. Datan som samlades in under experimentet visar att om det finns en outline runt en måltavla minskade tiden som en spelare behövde för att skjuta, både när målet först dök upp och om första skottet missade och spelaren behövde skjuta igen. Att ha en outline minskade även träffsäkerheten hos spelarna, med fler missade skott och en längre sträcka från punkten där skottet träffade till mitten av målet. Datan är statistiskt signifikant. Slutsatser. Att ha outlines hjälper spelare att skjuta snabbare, till kostnad av en lägre träffsäkerhet. Dock behövs mer forskning gällande de olika aspekterna av outlines.

Background. Visualizations are used in games to help players find and complete objectives, such as shooting all enemies or finding the hidden treasure. Different methods to do this involve outlines of various colors as well as markers floating above targets. To the best of the author’s knowledge, no research regarding how these outlines affect player performance exists. Objectives. The objective for this thesis is to find out how an outline around a target in a First Person Shooter game affects the accuracy and the shooting speed for the player. Methods. In order to collect the data a small game was developed where players completed two levels, where one had targets with outlines while the targets on the other level did not. The metrics for the experiment include time to shoot and distance from the center of the target to where the shot lands. Time to shoot is also used to get the time to re-shoot, if the previous shot missed the target. Results. The data collected during the experiment show that having an outline around a target lowers the time needed for players to shoot at it, both when it first shows up but also if the first shot missed and the player must shoot again. Having an outline also lowers the accuracy, with more misses and a longer distance from the point where a shot landed to the center of the targets. The results are statistically significant. Conclusions. Having outlines might help players find targets faster, at the cost of accuracy. However, more research is needed regarding the different aspects of the outline., Bakgrund. Visualiseringar används i spel för att hjälpa spelare att hitta och slutföra objekt, så som att skjuta alla fiender eller hitta den gömda skatten. Olika metoder för att göra detta är bland annat outlines, en aura runt ett objekt, i olika färger och markörer som flyter ovanför mål. Dock så har det inte hittats någon forskning om hur dessa outlines påverkar spelarnas prestation. Syfte. Målet med denna tes är att ta reda på hur en outline runt ett mål i ett spel av genren First Person Shooter påverkar träffsäkerheten och skjuthastigheten för spelaren. Metod. För att samla ihop datan som behövdes utvecklades ett litet spel där spelare spelade två nivåer, där en hade outlines och den andra inte hade det. För att kunna jämföra resultatet används tiden till skott samt avståndet mellan målets mittpunkt och positionen där ett skott landade. Tiden till skott används även för att få tidenför att skjuta igen, om det förra skottet missade måltavlan. Resultat. Datan som samlades in under experimentet visar att om det finns en outline runt en måltavla minskade tiden som en spelare behövde för att skjuta, både när målet först dök upp och om första skottet missade och spelaren behövde skjuta igen. Att ha en outline minskade även träffsäkerheten hos spelarna, med fler missade skott och en längre sträcka från punkten där skottet träffade till mitten av målet. Datan är statistiskt signifikant. Slutsatser. Att ha outlines hjälper spelare att skjuta snabbare, till kostnad av en lägre träffsäkerhet. Dock behövs mer forskning gällande de olika aspekterna av outlines.

Background. Visualizations are used in games to help players find and complete objectives, such as shooting all enemies or finding the hidden treasure. Different methods to do this involve outlines of various colors as well as markers floating above targets. To the best of the author’s knowledge, no research regarding how these outlines affect player performance exists. Objectives. The objective for this thesis is to find out how an outline around a target in a First Person Shooter game affects the accuracy and the shooting speed for the player. Methods. In order to collect the data a small game was developed where players completed two levels, where one had targets with outlines while the targets on the other level did not. The metrics for the experiment include time to shoot and distance from the center of the target to where the shot lands. Time to shoot is also used to get the time to re-shoot, if the previous shot missed the target. Results. The data collected during the experiment show that having an outline around a target lowers the time needed for players to shoot at it, both when it first shows up but also if the first shot missed and the player must shoot again. Having an outline also lowers the accuracy, with more misses and a longer distance from the point where a shot landed to the center of the targets. The results are statistically significant. Conclusions. Having outlines might help players find targets faster, at the cost of accuracy. However, more research is needed regarding the different aspects of the outline., Bakgrund. Visualiseringar används i spel för att hjälpa spelare att hitta och slutföra objekt, så som att skjuta alla fiender eller hitta den gömda skatten. Olika metoder för att göra detta är bland annat outlines, en aura runt ett objekt, i olika färger och markörer som flyter ovanför mål. Dock så har det inte hittats någon forskning om hur dessa outlines påverkar spelarnas prestation. Syfte. Målet med denna tes är att ta reda på hur en outline runt ett mål i ett spel av genren First Person Shooter påverkar träffsäkerheten och skjuthastigheten för spelaren. Metod. För att samla ihop datan som behövdes utvecklades ett litet spel där spelare spelade två nivåer, där en hade outlines och den andra inte hade det. För att kunna jämföra resultatet används tiden till skott samt avståndet mellan målets mittpunkt och positionen där ett skott landade. Tiden till skott används även för att få tidenför att skjuta igen, om det förra skottet missade måltavlan. Resultat. Datan som samlades in under experimentet visar att om det finns en outline runt en måltavla minskade tiden som en spelare behövde för att skjuta, både när målet först dök upp och om första skottet missade och spelaren behövde skjuta igen. Att ha en outline minskade även träffsäkerheten hos spelarna, med fler missade skott och en längre sträcka från punkten där skottet träffade till mitten av målet. Datan är statistiskt signifikant. Slutsatser. Att ha outlines hjälper spelare att skjuta snabbare, till kostnad av en lägre träffsäkerhet. Dock behövs mer forskning gällande de olika aspekterna av outlines.

En este trabajo se presentan los primeros resultados de una investigación sobre los conocimientos que manifiestan los alumnos (de primer año de ingeniería) durante la realización de actividades experimentales en laboratorios de Física básica bajo dos modalidades: innovadora y tradicional. Se analizan algunos logros y dificultades sobre movimientos en el plano vertical desde la teoría de campos conceptuales (TCC) de Vergnaud. Se utiliza una metodología de investigación bajo el paradigma interpretativo, donde los datos se agrupan en categorías que no son provistas a priori por el marco teórico. El corpus está formado principalmente por registros de observación participante y la producción de informes de laboratorio en trabajo colectivo. Su análisis ha permitido detectar invariantes operatorios y esquemas asociados a las principales dificultades e interpretar los aportes a favor de la TCC de Vergnaud en el campo de las ciencias Físicas. Las conclusiones muestran, aun en su carácter incipiente, la potencialidad de este marco teórico., In this work the first findings on the knowledge of first year Engineering students are presented. The research has been carried out during the realization (by the students) of experimental activities in laboratories of basic Physics under two modalities: innovative and traditional. Some achievements and difficulties are analyzed, and they show more than enough movements in the vertical plane from the theory of conceptual fields (TCC) of Vergnaud. An investigation methodology is used under the interpretive paradigm, where the data group in categories that are not provided a priori by the theoretical framework. The corpus is formed mainly by registers of participant observation and the production of laboratory reports in collective work. Their analysis has allowed to detect operative invariantes and outlines associated to the main difficulties and to interpret the contributions in favor of the TCC of Vergnaud in the field of the Physical Sciences. The summations show, even in their incipient character, the potentiality of this theoretical framework.

This paper is dedicated to the investigation of an important, but not particularly well known, connection between the work of Hegel and Dewey’s early educational ideas. A brief exposition of Hegel’s position in the Philosophy of Right is offered, with a particular focus on Hegel’s idea of absolute freedom. This exposition is followed by an analysis of one of Dewey’s earliest books, Outlines of a Critical Theory of Ethics. Hegelian notions of absolute freedom are shown to be present in the Outlines. Textual evidence is then presented which links the theoretical framework of the Outlines to Dewey’s early educational thought.

This paper is dedicated to the investigation of an important, but not particularly well known, connection between the work of Hegel and Dewey’s early educational ideas. A brief exposition of Hegel’s position in the Philosophy of Right is offered, with a particular focus on Hegel’s idea of absolute freedom. This exposition is followed by an analysis of one of Dewey’s earliest books, Outlines of a Critical Theory of Ethics. Hegelian notions of absolute freedom are shown to be present in the Outlines. Textual evidence is then presented which links the theoretical framework of the Outlines to Dewey’s early educational thought.

This paper is dedicated to the investigation of an important, but not particularly well known, connection between the work of Hegel and Dewey’s early educational ideas. A brief exposition of Hegel’s position in the Philosophy of Right is offered, with a particular focus on Hegel’s idea of absolute freedom. This exposition is followed by an analysis of one of Dewey’s earliest books, Outlines of a Critical Theory of Ethics. Hegelian notions of absolute freedom are shown to be present in the Outlines. Textual evidence is then presented which links the theoretical framework of the Outlines to Dewey’s early educational thought.

This paper is dedicated to the investigation of an important, but not particularly well known, connection between the work of Hegel and Dewey’s early educational ideas. A brief exposition of Hegel’s position in the Philosophy of Right is offered, with a particular focus on Hegel’s idea of absolute freedom. This exposition is followed by an analysis of one of Dewey’s earliest books, Outlines of a Critical Theory of Ethics. Hegelian notions of absolute freedom are shown to be present in the Outlines. Textual evidence is then presented which links the theoretical framework of the Outlines to Dewey’s early educational thought.

The venerid clam Chamelea gallina is a popular food item around the Mediterranean countries, with clams differing in market price according to their origin. On Mallorca, autochthonous clams are 50-100% more valuable than those coming from the Adriatic Sea, the more important commercial fishery of the western Mediterranean. In order to promote the consumption of autochthonous clams and avoid fraud, the local government of the Balearic Islands inspects the source labelling of clams for sale. However, it is difficult to distinguish the Mallorcan clams from those coming from other sites only by visual inspection. Shape analysis is a possible discriminating procedure to be applied, but C. gallina is a rounded object apparently poorly suitable to be morphometrically analysed. Here we explore the discrimination power of a morphometric analysis that combines elliptic Fourier decomposition of the shell perimeter and canonical variate analysis. Specimens from Mallorca were well differentiated from those from Italy and NE Iberia (rate of erroneous assignment <1%), and were more similar to those from Andalucia (S. Iberia) and Formentera (Balearic Islands). Moreover, the analytical approach applied permits visual and intuitive interpretation of inter-group differences in shell outline. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Anglo-American codes are examined to determine the implicit or acting concept of work in each, in order to trace the development of our current implicit concept of work, as embodied in AACR2R. The following conditions are examined, using comparison tables: 1) contraction of a work (abridgements, condensations, digests, epitomes, outlines, chrestomathies, excerpts, extracts, selections); and 2) change in substance of a work (adaptations, dramatizations, free translations, novelizations, paraphrases, versifications, films or filmstrips of a text, musical arrangements, musical amplifications, musical settings, musical simplifications, musical transcriptions, musical versions, parodies, imitations, performances, reproductions of art works, revisions, editing, enlargements, expansion, updating, translation.)

Anglo-American codes are examined to determine the implicit or acting concept of work in each, in order to trace the development of our current implicit concept of work, as embodied in AACR2R. The following conditions are examined, using comparison tables: 1) contraction of a work (abridgements, condensations, digests, epitomes, outlines, chrestomathies, excerpts, extracts, selections); and 2) change in substance of a work (adaptations, dramatizations, free translations, novelizations, paraphrases, versifications, films or filmstrips of a text, musical arrangements, musical amplifications, musical settings, musical simplifications, musical transcriptions, musical versions, parodies, imitations, performances, reproductions of art works, revisions, editing, enlargements, expansion, updating, translation.)

President Roosevelt looks forward to receiving a book from Frederick Jesup Stimson. He thanks Stimson for sending him a syllabus, and is not surprised that the class produced many answers in answer to a question on poetry.

Theodore Roosevelt asks Richard S. Childs to create an outline so that he can create an endorsement. Roosevelt also mentions that he enjoyed seeing Childs's family.

Correspondence pertaining to Trinity River Canalization Project and a report presented to the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors.

Correspondence pertaining to Trinity River Canalization Project and a report presented to the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors.

Correspondence pertaining to Trinity River Canalization Project and a report presented to the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors.

Correspondence pertaining to Trinity River Canalization Project and a report presented to the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors.

Correspondence pertaining to Trinity River Canalization Project and a report presented to the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors.

This series consists primarily of materials pertaining to staffing and employee relations issues. Records include memoranda relating to training, labor-management meetings, and employee classification changes; personal service item estimates; budget statements of personnel requirements; approved staffing appropriations; correspondence and background information on staffing assignments and requests for classifications of patient care positions; state workforce profile reports including ethnic characteristics , and a survey" on use of leave, overtime and holiday work by state employees; and employee manuals and directories.

The series contains statistical information and tabulations of the data gathered during enrollment with the Military Training Commission, as well as information on employment of farm boys and results of a survey of industries from around the state which employed boys. The survey results were published as Our Boys: A Study of the 245,000 Sixteen, Seventeen, and Eighteen Year Old Employed Boys of the State of New York by Howard G. Burdge.

Práca podrobne spracováva súčasnú problematiku typografie a počítačového písma formátu OpenType. Zo začiatku sa venuje historickému vývoju písma, kde kladie dôraz hlavne na vývoj rímskeho písma a latinky a popisuje ich vlastnosti. Po uvedení základov typografie sa práca koncentruje na problematiku digitálneho písma a fontu s dôrazom na možnosti formátu digitálneho písma OpenType. Boli vymenované jeho charakteristické vlastnosti a výhody oproti iným formátom a bol vyhodnotený ako vhodný formát aj pre výučbu tvorby písma. Prestrkávanie a kerning boli spomenuté medzi základnými grafickými úpravami vytváraného písma. V teoretickej časti práce boli skúmané z dostupných programov určených k tvorbe fontu vo formáte OpenType. Do prehľadu okrem voľne dostupných prostriedkov boli zaradené i komerčné verzie z dôvodu absencie pokročilejších nástrojov a funkcií u voľne dostupných programov. Vyhodnotenie ukázalo, že najvhodnejší pre výučbu sú komerčný program Fontlab Fontographer, voľne šírený Type lite a Fontforge určený pre platformu Open-source. Praktická časť práce sa obmedzila na dva vybrané programy pre tvorbu hlavných charakteristík písma. Zisťovalo sa, či je možné získať rovnaké výsledky s použitím oboch programov. Program Fontographer umožnil pracovať so širokou paletou nástrojov určených k vektorovému spracovaniu grafiky obdobným nástrojom Adobe Illustrator. V prípade programu Type lite bolo nástrojov podstatne menej, čo postačuje na jednouchú prácu a zoznámenie s tvorbou digitálneho písma. Nedostatkom freeware je absencia funkcií kerning, spacing, či hinting. Z porovnania možností programov vyplýva, že voľne dostupné programy pre OS Windows svojou funkcionalitou postačujú pre výučbu iba základných charakteristík digitálneho písma. Najlepšou voľbou v oblasti voľne dostupných programov je program Fontforge pre OS Linux, ktorý menované typografické funkcie podporuje. Pre výučbu základných charakteristík písma formátu OpenType bol odporučený program Fontographer. Náplňou d, In thesis themes of typography and computer font of OpenType format is described in details. At the beginning attention is paid to historical development of typeface, where stress is laid mainly on development of Roman and white letter with their characteristics. Having presented basis of typography work is concentrated on topic of digital font with emphasis on possibilities of OpenType format. Further its characteristics and advantages were listed compared to another formats and it was evaluated as format appropriate also for creating font in education process. Letterspacing and kerning were mentioned between basic graphical modifications in creating fonts. In theoretical part of the thesis they were examined in available programs designed for creating font in OpenType format. Except free available means into summary were included also commercial types due to absence of more advanced instruments and functions with free available applications. In evaluation was found that the most convenient for education is Fontlab Fontographer commercial program, free Type lite and Fontforge indicated for Open-source platform. Practical part of the thesis is focused on two chosen programs for creating main font characteristics. The goal was to detect if it is possible to reach identical results when using both programs. Fontographer program enabled to use wide tool palette dedicated to vector graphic processing by means of Adobe Illustrator similar instrument. In the case of Type lite program there were rather less instruments, what is sufficient for elementary work and familiarization with creating of digital typeface. Freeware shortage is basic absence of kerning, spacing or hinting functions. Comparing program possibilities, it falls that freeware programs based on OS Windows with their functionality are sufficient only for entry level users. The best option within free available programs is Fontforge for OS Linux which supports mentioned typographic functions. Fontographer was

Práca podrobne spracováva súčasnú problematiku typografie a počítačového písma formátu OpenType. Zo začiatku sa venuje historickému vývoju písma, kde kladie dôraz hlavne na vývoj rímskeho písma a latinky a popisuje ich vlastnosti. Po uvedení základov typografie sa práca koncentruje na problematiku digitálneho písma a fontu s dôrazom na možnosti formátu digitálneho písma OpenType. Boli vymenované jeho charakteristické vlastnosti a výhody oproti iným formátom a bol vyhodnotený ako vhodný formát aj pre výučbu tvorby písma. Prestrkávanie a kerning boli spomenuté medzi základnými grafickými úpravami vytváraného písma. V teoretickej časti práce boli skúmané z dostupných programov určených k tvorbe fontu vo formáte OpenType. Do prehľadu okrem voľne dostupných prostriedkov boli zaradené i komerčné verzie z dôvodu absencie pokročilejších nástrojov a funkcií u voľne dostupných programov. Vyhodnotenie ukázalo, že najvhodnejší pre výučbu sú komerčný program Fontlab Fontographer, voľne šírený Type lite a Fontforge určený pre platformu Open-source. Praktická časť práce sa obmedzila na dva vybrané programy pre tvorbu hlavných charakteristík písma. Zisťovalo sa, či je možné získať rovnaké výsledky s použitím oboch programov. Program Fontographer umožnil pracovať so širokou paletou nástrojov určených k vektorovému spracovaniu grafiky obdobným nástrojom Adobe Illustrator. V prípade programu Type lite bolo nástrojov podstatne menej, čo postačuje na jednouchú prácu a zoznámenie s tvorbou digitálneho písma. Nedostatkom freeware je absencia funkcií kerning, spacing, či hinting. Z porovnania možností programov vyplýva, že voľne dostupné programy pre OS Windows svojou funkcionalitou postačujú pre výučbu iba základných charakteristík digitálneho písma. Najlepšou voľbou v oblasti voľne dostupných programov je program Fontforge pre OS Linux, ktorý menované typografické funkcie podporuje. Pre výučbu základných charakteristík písma formátu OpenType bol odporučený program Fontographer. Náplňou d, In thesis themes of typography and computer font of OpenType format is described in details. At the beginning attention is paid to historical development of typeface, where stress is laid mainly on development of Roman and white letter with their characteristics. Having presented basis of typography work is concentrated on topic of digital font with emphasis on possibilities of OpenType format. Further its characteristics and advantages were listed compared to another formats and it was evaluated as format appropriate also for creating font in education process. Letterspacing and kerning were mentioned between basic graphical modifications in creating fonts. In theoretical part of the thesis they were examined in available programs designed for creating font in OpenType format. Except free available means into summary were included also commercial types due to absence of more advanced instruments and functions with free available applications. In evaluation was found that the most convenient for education is Fontlab Fontographer commercial program, free Type lite and Fontforge indicated for Open-source platform. Practical part of the thesis is focused on two chosen programs for creating main font characteristics. The goal was to detect if it is possible to reach identical results when using both programs. Fontographer program enabled to use wide tool palette dedicated to vector graphic processing by means of Adobe Illustrator similar instrument. In the case of Type lite program there were rather less instruments, what is sufficient for elementary work and familiarization with creating of digital typeface. Freeware shortage is basic absence of kerning, spacing or hinting functions. Comparing program possibilities, it falls that freeware programs based on OS Windows with their functionality are sufficient only for entry level users. The best option within free available programs is Fontforge for OS Linux which supports mentioned typographic functions. Fontographer was

Post consists of the following articles: Cookie Law Breaking Mews! Kittycam is Back! Winter Break Is Finally Here!

Práca podrobne spracováva súčasnú problematiku typografie a počítačového písma formátu OpenType. Zo začiatku sa venuje historickému vývoju písma, kde kladie dôraz hlavne na vývoj rímskeho písma a latinky a popisuje ich vlastnosti. Po uvedení základov typografie sa práca koncentruje na problematiku digitálneho písma a fontu s dôrazom na možnosti formátu digitálneho písma OpenType. Boli vymenované jeho charakteristické vlastnosti a výhody oproti iným formátom a bol vyhodnotený ako vhodný formát aj pre výučbu tvorby písma. Prestrkávanie a kerning boli spomenuté medzi základnými grafickými úpravami vytváraného písma. V teoretickej časti práce boli skúmané z dostupných programov určených k tvorbe fontu vo formáte OpenType. Do prehľadu okrem voľne dostupných prostriedkov boli zaradené i komerčné verzie z dôvodu absencie pokročilejších nástrojov a funkcií u voľne dostupných programov. Vyhodnotenie ukázalo, že najvhodnejší pre výučbu sú komerčný program Fontlab Fontographer, voľne šírený Type lite a Fontforge určený pre platformu Open-source. Praktická časť práce sa obmedzila na dva vybrané programy pre tvorbu hlavných charakteristík písma. Zisťovalo sa, či je možné získať rovnaké výsledky s použitím oboch programov. Program Fontographer umožnil pracovať so širokou paletou nástrojov určených k vektorovému spracovaniu grafiky obdobným nástrojom Adobe Illustrator. V prípade programu Type lite bolo nástrojov podstatne menej, čo postačuje na jednouchú prácu a zoznámenie s tvorbou digitálneho písma. Nedostatkom freeware je absencia funkcií kerning, spacing, či hinting. Z porovnania možností programov vyplýva, že voľne dostupné programy pre OS Windows svojou funkcionalitou postačujú pre výučbu iba základných charakteristík digitálneho písma. Najlepšou voľbou v oblasti voľne dostupných programov je program Fontforge pre OS Linux, ktorý menované typografické funkcie podporuje. Pre výučbu základných charakteristík písma formátu OpenType bol odporučený program Fontographer. Náplňou d, In thesis themes of typography and computer font of OpenType format is described in details. At the beginning attention is paid to historical development of typeface, where stress is laid mainly on development of Roman and white letter with their characteristics. Having presented basis of typography work is concentrated on topic of digital font with emphasis on possibilities of OpenType format. Further its characteristics and advantages were listed compared to another formats and it was evaluated as format appropriate also for creating font in education process. Letterspacing and kerning were mentioned between basic graphical modifications in creating fonts. In theoretical part of the thesis they were examined in available programs designed for creating font in OpenType format. Except free available means into summary were included also commercial types due to absence of more advanced instruments and functions with free available applications. In evaluation was found that the most convenient for education is Fontlab Fontographer commercial program, free Type lite and Fontforge indicated for Open-source platform. Practical part of the thesis is focused on two chosen programs for creating main font characteristics. The goal was to detect if it is possible to reach identical results when using both programs. Fontographer program enabled to use wide tool palette dedicated to vector graphic processing by means of Adobe Illustrator similar instrument. In the case of Type lite program there were rather less instruments, what is sufficient for elementary work and familiarization with creating of digital typeface. Freeware shortage is basic absence of kerning, spacing or hinting functions. Comparing program possibilities, it falls that freeware programs based on OS Windows with their functionality are sufficient only for entry level users. The best option within free available programs is Fontforge for OS Linux which supports mentioned typographic functions. Fontographer was

This 2-page resource, from the National Convergence Technology Center (CTC), is a template for a basic course syllabus. Sections are included for an instructor to fill in the basic information about the course, including a description, prerequisites, intended learning outcomes, and the course schedule.

Práca podrobne spracováva súčasnú problematiku typografie a počítačového písma formátu OpenType. Zo začiatku sa venuje historickému vývoju písma, kde kladie dôraz hlavne na vývoj rímskeho písma a latinky a popisuje ich vlastnosti. Po uvedení základov typografie sa práca koncentruje na problematiku digitálneho písma a fontu s dôrazom na možnosti formátu digitálneho písma OpenType. Boli vymenované jeho charakteristické vlastnosti a výhody oproti iným formátom a bol vyhodnotený ako vhodný formát aj pre výučbu tvorby písma. Prestrkávanie a kerning boli spomenuté medzi základnými grafickými úpravami vytváraného písma. V teoretickej časti práce boli skúmané z dostupných programov určených k tvorbe fontu vo formáte OpenType. Do prehľadu okrem voľne dostupných prostriedkov boli zaradené i komerčné verzie z dôvodu absencie pokročilejších nástrojov a funkcií u voľne dostupných programov. Vyhodnotenie ukázalo, že najvhodnejší pre výučbu sú komerčný program Fontlab Fontographer, voľne šírený Type lite a Fontforge určený pre platformu Open-source. Praktická časť práce sa obmedzila na dva vybrané programy pre tvorbu hlavných charakteristík písma. Zisťovalo sa, či je možné získať rovnaké výsledky s použitím oboch programov. Program Fontographer umožnil pracovať so širokou paletou nástrojov určených k vektorovému spracovaniu grafiky obdobným nástrojom Adobe Illustrator. V prípade programu Type lite bolo nástrojov podstatne menej, čo postačuje na jednouchú prácu a zoznámenie s tvorbou digitálneho písma. Nedostatkom freeware je absencia funkcií kerning, spacing, či hinting. Z porovnania možností programov vyplýva, že voľne dostupné programy pre OS Windows svojou funkcionalitou postačujú pre výučbu iba základných charakteristík digitálneho písma. Najlepšou voľbou v oblasti voľne dostupných programov je program Fontforge pre OS Linux, ktorý menované typografické funkcie podporuje. Pre výučbu základných charakteristík písma formátu OpenType bol odporučený program Fontographer. Náplňou d, In thesis themes of typography and computer font of OpenType format is described in details. At the beginning attention is paid to historical development of typeface, where stress is laid mainly on development of Roman and white letter with their characteristics. Having presented basis of typography work is concentrated on topic of digital font with emphasis on possibilities of OpenType format. Further its characteristics and advantages were listed compared to another formats and it was evaluated as format appropriate also for creating font in education process. Letterspacing and kerning were mentioned between basic graphical modifications in creating fonts. In theoretical part of the thesis they were examined in available programs designed for creating font in OpenType format. Except free available means into summary were included also commercial types due to absence of more advanced instruments and functions with free available applications. In evaluation was found that the most convenient for education is Fontlab Fontographer commercial program, free Type lite and Fontforge indicated for Open-source platform. Practical part of the thesis is focused on two chosen programs for creating main font characteristics. The goal was to detect if it is possible to reach identical results when using both programs. Fontographer program enabled to use wide tool palette dedicated to vector graphic processing by means of Adobe Illustrator similar instrument. In the case of Type lite program there were rather less instruments, what is sufficient for elementary work and familiarization with creating of digital typeface. Freeware shortage is basic absence of kerning, spacing or hinting functions. Comparing program possibilities, it falls that freeware programs based on OS Windows with their functionality are sufficient only for entry level users. The best option within free available programs is Fontforge for OS Linux which supports mentioned typographic functions. Fontographer was

Práca podrobne spracováva súčasnú problematiku typografie a počítačového písma formátu OpenType. Zo začiatku sa venuje historickému vývoju písma, kde kladie dôraz hlavne na vývoj rímskeho písma a latinky a popisuje ich vlastnosti. Po uvedení základov typografie sa práca koncentruje na problematiku digitálneho písma a fontu s dôrazom na možnosti formátu digitálneho písma OpenType. Boli vymenované jeho charakteristické vlastnosti a výhody oproti iným formátom a bol vyhodnotený ako vhodný formát aj pre výučbu tvorby písma. Prestrkávanie a kerning boli spomenuté medzi základnými grafickými úpravami vytváraného písma. V teoretickej časti práce boli skúmané z dostupných programov určených k tvorbe fontu vo formáte OpenType. Do prehľadu okrem voľne dostupných prostriedkov boli zaradené i komerčné verzie z dôvodu absencie pokročilejších nástrojov a funkcií u voľne dostupných programov. Vyhodnotenie ukázalo, že najvhodnejší pre výučbu sú komerčný program Fontlab Fontographer, voľne šírený Type lite a Fontforge určený pre platformu Open-source. Praktická časť práce sa obmedzila na dva vybrané programy pre tvorbu hlavných charakteristík písma. Zisťovalo sa, či je možné získať rovnaké výsledky s použitím oboch programov. Program Fontographer umožnil pracovať so širokou paletou nástrojov určených k vektorovému spracovaniu grafiky obdobným nástrojom Adobe Illustrator. V prípade programu Type lite bolo nástrojov podstatne menej, čo postačuje na jednouchú prácu a zoznámenie s tvorbou digitálneho písma. Nedostatkom freeware je absencia funkcií kerning, spacing, či hinting. Z porovnania možností programov vyplýva, že voľne dostupné programy pre OS Windows svojou funkcionalitou postačujú pre výučbu iba základných charakteristík digitálneho písma. Najlepšou voľbou v oblasti voľne dostupných programov je program Fontforge pre OS Linux, ktorý menované typografické funkcie podporuje. Pre výučbu základných charakteristík písma formátu OpenType bol odporučený program Fontographer. Náplňou d, In thesis themes of typography and computer font of OpenType format is described in details. At the beginning attention is paid to historical development of typeface, where stress is laid mainly on development of Roman and white letter with their characteristics. Having presented basis of typography work is concentrated on topic of digital font with emphasis on possibilities of OpenType format. Further its characteristics and advantages were listed compared to another formats and it was evaluated as format appropriate also for creating font in education process. Letterspacing and kerning were mentioned between basic graphical modifications in creating fonts. In theoretical part of the thesis they were examined in available programs designed for creating font in OpenType format. Except free available means into summary were included also commercial types due to absence of more advanced instruments and functions with free available applications. In evaluation was found that the most convenient for education is Fontlab Fontographer commercial program, free Type lite and Fontforge indicated for Open-source platform. Practical part of the thesis is focused on two chosen programs for creating main font characteristics. The goal was to detect if it is possible to reach identical results when using both programs. Fontographer program enabled to use wide tool palette dedicated to vector graphic processing by means of Adobe Illustrator similar instrument. In the case of Type lite program there were rather less instruments, what is sufficient for elementary work and familiarization with creating of digital typeface. Freeware shortage is basic absence of kerning, spacing or hinting functions. Comparing program possibilities, it falls that freeware programs based on OS Windows with their functionality are sufficient only for entry level users. The best option within free available programs is Fontforge for OS Linux which supports mentioned typographic functions. Fontographer was

Práca podrobne spracováva súčasnú problematiku typografie a počítačového písma formátu OpenType. Zo začiatku sa venuje historickému vývoju písma, kde kladie dôraz hlavne na vývoj rímskeho písma a latinky a popisuje ich vlastnosti. Po uvedení základov typografie sa práca koncentruje na problematiku digitálneho písma a fontu s dôrazom na možnosti formátu digitálneho písma OpenType. Boli vymenované jeho charakteristické vlastnosti a výhody oproti iným formátom a bol vyhodnotený ako vhodný formát aj pre výučbu tvorby písma. Prestrkávanie a kerning boli spomenuté medzi základnými grafickými úpravami vytváraného písma. V teoretickej časti práce boli skúmané z dostupných programov určených k tvorbe fontu vo formáte OpenType. Do prehľadu okrem voľne dostupných prostriedkov boli zaradené i komerčné verzie z dôvodu absencie pokročilejších nástrojov a funkcií u voľne dostupných programov. Vyhodnotenie ukázalo, že najvhodnejší pre výučbu sú komerčný program Fontlab Fontographer, voľne šírený Type lite a Fontforge určený pre platformu Open-source. Praktická časť práce sa obmedzila na dva vybrané programy pre tvorbu hlavných charakteristík písma. Zisťovalo sa, či je možné získať rovnaké výsledky s použitím oboch programov. Program Fontographer umožnil pracovať so širokou paletou nástrojov určených k vektorovému spracovaniu grafiky obdobným nástrojom Adobe Illustrator. V prípade programu Type lite bolo nástrojov podstatne menej, čo postačuje na jednouchú prácu a zoznámenie s tvorbou digitálneho písma. Nedostatkom freeware je absencia funkcií kerning, spacing, či hinting. Z porovnania možností programov vyplýva, že voľne dostupné programy pre OS Windows svojou funkcionalitou postačujú pre výučbu iba základných charakteristík digitálneho písma. Najlepšou voľbou v oblasti voľne dostupných programov je program Fontforge pre OS Linux, ktorý menované typografické funkcie podporuje. Pre výučbu základných charakteristík písma formátu OpenType bol odporučený program Fontographer. Náplňou d, In thesis themes of typography and computer font of OpenType format is described in details. At the beginning attention is paid to historical development of typeface, where stress is laid mainly on development of Roman and white letter with their characteristics. Having presented basis of typography work is concentrated on topic of digital font with emphasis on possibilities of OpenType format. Further its characteristics and advantages were listed compared to another formats and it was evaluated as format appropriate also for creating font in education process. Letterspacing and kerning were mentioned between basic graphical modifications in creating fonts. In theoretical part of the thesis they were examined in available programs designed for creating font in OpenType format. Except free available means into summary were included also commercial types due to absence of more advanced instruments and functions with free available applications. In evaluation was found that the most convenient for education is Fontlab Fontographer commercial program, free Type lite and Fontforge indicated for Open-source platform. Practical part of the thesis is focused on two chosen programs for creating main font characteristics. The goal was to detect if it is possible to reach identical results when using both programs. Fontographer program enabled to use wide tool palette dedicated to vector graphic processing by means of Adobe Illustrator similar instrument. In the case of Type lite program there were rather less instruments, what is sufficient for elementary work and familiarization with creating of digital typeface. Freeware shortage is basic absence of kerning, spacing or hinting functions. Comparing program possibilities, it falls that freeware programs based on OS Windows with their functionality are sufficient only for entry level users. The best option within free available programs is Fontforge for OS Linux which supports mentioned typographic functions. Fontographer was

Post consists of the following articles: Cookie Law Breaking Mews! Kittycam is Back! Winter Break Is Finally Here!

Includes the following articles: National Library Week Exam Time Stress & Wellness