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Daisuke Koike,1,2 Masahiro Ito,2,3 Akihiko Horiguchi,2 Hiroshi Yatsuya,4 Atsuhiko Ota1 1Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan; 2Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Bantane Hospital, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; 3Department of Quality and Safety in Healthcare, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan; 4Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, JapanCorrespondence: Daisuke Koike, Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan, Tel +81-562-93-2453, Fax +81-562-93-3079, Email dskoike@gmail.comPurpose: To describe the long-term quantitative change in the number of submissions of patient safety reports after the introduction of a patient safety reporting system, focusing on incident severity and type.Patients and Methods: This study was performed at a tertiary care hospital in Japan. Patient safety reports from 2006 to 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Incident severity was classified from level 0 (near miss) to level 5 (fatality). The incident types included those related to medication, patient care, drains and catheters, procedures and interventions, examinations, medical devices, and blood transfusions. The study period was divided into 1. 2004– 2007; 2. 2008– 2014; and 3. 2015– 2020 based on the implementation of hospital patient safety strategies. The number of reports per hospital worker was compared among the study periods and the incident levels and types.Results: We analyzed 96,332 reports extracted from the patient safety reporting system of the hospital. The total number of reports per hospital worker has increased over time. The numbers of levels 0 and 1 incidents increased throughout the study period. In addition, levels 3a and 3b incidents increased between periods 2 and 3. All incident typ

Ayako Kato,1 Yuanying Li,1 Atsuhiko Ota,1 Hisao Naito,1 Hiroya Yamada,2 Takashi Nihashi,3 Yo Hotta,4 Chifa Chiang,5 Yoshihisa Hirakawa,5 Atsuko Aoyama,5,6 Koji Tamakoshi,7 Hiroshi Yatsuya1,51Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan; 2Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan; 3Department of Radiology, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Aichi, Japan; 4Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd, Medical and Hygiene Designing Department, Inazawa, Aichi, Japan; 5Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; 6Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nissin, Aichi, Japan; 7Department of Nursing, Nagoya University School of Health Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, JapanObjective: An association between smoking and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has been reported. However, objective quantification of intrahepatic fat via magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in relation to smoking has rarely been performed in previous studies. Moreover, the possible pathways via which smoking could induce ectopic fat accumulation have not yet been addressed. The current study aimed to examine the association between smoking status and intrahepatic fat quantity and explore the possible mediating effects of triglycerides (TG) and adiponectin.Subjects and methods: Magnetic resonance imager (MRI) spectra were analyzed to quantify intrahepatic fat in 45 men who were on average 62.3 years of age. Smoking status and alcohol intake were self-reported. Accelerometers were used to record daily total physical activity. Fasting blood TG and adiponectin levels were measured enzymatically. Differences in mean intrahepatic fat values according to smoking status were assessed using analysis of covariance.Results: A stepwise increase in mean intrahepatic fat was observed between never, former, and current smokers, respectively, independent of age, phys