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Self-assembling of peptides is a spontaneous process by which peptides are self-organized to form well-ordered structures by intramolecular and intermolecular interactions.This process is controlled by the balance of the forces (attractive andrepulsive) within the peptide molecules. Notable methods used for the synthesis of self-assembly peptides are solid-phase synthesis, liquid-phase synthesis,recombinant technology, and the use of external fields. The self-assembled nanostructure-based peptides offer remarkable advantages; such as mild synthesis conditions, relatively simple functionalization, fast synthesis, and low cost, resulting in theirremarkable potential for use in biosensors, imaging tools, antimicrobialagents, drug delivery systems, bioelectronics, tissue reparation. Herein, wepresent the origin of self-assembled peptides, synthesis of novel materials produced through self-assembly of peptides, structural elucidation, applications, recent trends, and the future outlook of self-assembly peptides.