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Supplementation with natural additives such as essential oils (EO) or probiotics has resulted in comparable growth performance to that of supplemental monensin in fattening lambs in hot environments. Supra-supplementation levels of vitamin D3 improved the carcass weight and dressing percentage of steers fattened under tropical conditions. We hypothesized that certain combinations of these natural additives could be complementary. For this reason, a feeding trial was carried out using 48 Pelibuey × Katahdin non-castrated male lambs (107 ± 14 d age; 17.9 ± 2.51 kg LW). Lambs were fed an 88:12 concentrate to forage ratio basal diet supplemented (dry matter basis, DMI) with: (1) no additive (CON); (2) 28 mg monensin/kg diet (MON); (3) 150 mg of essential oils containing a combination of thymol, eugenol, vanillin, guaiac, and limonene plus 0.12 mg vitamin D3 (EO + D3)/kg diet; and (4) 300 mg of essential oils containing a combination of carvacrol and cynamaldehyde plus 2 g probiotic (2.2 × 108 CFU of bacillus subtilis/kg diet, EO + BS). Lambs were grouped by initial weight and assigned within six weight groupings to 24 pens (2 lambs/pen, 6 replicas per treatment) in a randomized complete block design. The experiment lasted 121 days. Daily maximal THI exceeded the 80 danger or emergency range for 119 days of the 121 days of the trial. Lambs supplemented with MON had similar DMI, growth performance, and dietary energetics to those of CON lambs. Lambs supplemented with EO + BS had a greater (9.2%, p ≤ 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) than the CON and MON groups due to enhanced (10.2%, p ≤ 0.05) dry matter intake. Thus, gain efficiency (GF) and estimated dietary energy were similar for CON, MON, and EO + BS. Lambs receiving EO + D3 had similar (0.254 vs. 0.262 kg/d) ADG but a lower DMI (8%, p < 0.05) compared with EO + BS lambs. Consequently, GF and estimated dietary net energy were greater (4.9 and 3.7%, respectively; p ≤ 0.05) for EO + D3 lambs. Even when ambient heat loa

With the aim of evaluating the effect of combining an antibiotic ionophore with plant extracts and probiotics on the productive efficiency (performance and carcass) during the last phase of lamb fattening, 24 Pelibuey × Katahdin male lambs (38.47 ± 3.92 kg, initial weight) were fed with a high-energy diet during for 56 days, and assigned, under a complete randomized block design experiment to one of the following supplement treatments: (1) 28 mg of monensin/kg diet DM supplemented alone (MON), (2) combination of MON plus 2 g/kg diet of a product contained Bacillus subtilis 2.2 × 108 CFU kg diet DM (MON + BS), (3) combination of MON + BS plus 300 mg essential oils/kg diet DM (MON + BS + EO), and (4) BS alone. At the end of the feeding trial (56-d), lambs were slaughtered and carcass variables were measured. Compared to the rest of the treatments, combining MON with BS improved dietary NE by 3.4% and the efficiency of utilization of dietary energy consumed. Inclusion of EO in the MON + BS combination resulted in a similar average daily weight gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (GF) when compared with MON + BS, but showed a lower dietary net energy (NE), hot carcass weight, and dressing percentage. Lambs receiving BS alone showed greater average ADG and dry matter intake (DMI) than lambs receiving MON + BS + EO, but similar feed GF and dietary NE. There were no treatment effects on tissue composition, whole cut, or visceral organ mass. It was concluded that combining probiotics with the ionophore monensin can improve the efficiency of dietary energy utilization in the last phase of finishing. Probiotics supplemented alone result in greater ADG without a difference in dietary energy efficiency when compared with MON alone. Inclusion of EO in the MON + BS combination did not show advantages; on the contrary, it reduced carcass weight and dressing percentage. It is necessary to further research the potential complementary effects of combining diverse sources of natural additi

The impact of duckweed extracts (DEs) on the shelf-life of packaged beef burgers was evaluated through classical assays and untargeted metabolomics. Beef burgers were formulated with an antioxidants-free control (CON), 1 g/kg sodium ascorbate (ASC), and increasing levels of a DEs, namely 1 (DE1), 5 (DE5), and 10 (DE10) g/kg, packaged under modified atmosphere and stored at 4 °C for 19 days. The DEs, abundant in phytochemicals, determined no issues with the hygienic status of the product. DEs modulated the redox status, being ineffective in preserving linolenic acid from peroxidation. However, the oxidation marker 2-nonenoic acid was down-accumulated in the DE10 sample following 19 days of storage, recording a lower glutathione:glutathione disulfide ratio. The accumulation of adipate semialdehyde revealed the inefficiency of DEs in coping with protein oxidation, while DEs prevented the accumulation of biogenic amines. Therefore, this work suggests a potential pro-oxidant role of the formulated DEs.

In this work, we studied the impact of encapsulated elderberry extracts as natural meat extenders to preserve both the quality and the oxidative stability of beef burgers. In particular, the comprehensive chemical changes of beef burgers treated with different antioxidants, namely, (a) a control without antioxidants, (b) 0.5 g/kg sodium erythorbate (ERY), (c) 2.5 g/kg encapsulated elderberry extract (EE 2.5), and (d) 5 g/kg encapsulated elderberry extract (EE 5), each one packaged under modified atmosphere (80% O-2 and 20% CO2) for 13 days storage at 2 +/- 1 degrees C, were deeply evaluated. Overall, EEs showed a wide array of antioxidant compounds, namely polyphenols like anthocyanins, flavonols, and phenolic acids. Multivariate statistics provided marked chemical differences between burgers manufactured with EEs and synthetic antioxidants (ERY) during 13-days storage in terms of both metabolomic profiles and typical lipid/protein oxidation markers (such as malondialdehyde and total carbonyls). Most of the differences could be attributed to some discriminant compounds, namely glutathione, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, hydroxy/peroxy-derivatives of fatty acids, carbonyl compounds (such as 5-nonen-2-one and 1,5-octadien-3-one), and cholesterol. Interestingly, significant correlations (p < 0.01) were observed between malondialdehyde, total carbonyls, and these discriminant metabolites. The combination of spectrophotometric approaches and a high-throughput untargeted metabolomics analysis outlined a strong modulation of both lipid and protein oxidations, likely promoted by the encapsulated meat extender (elderberry), thus confirming its ability to delay oxidative phenomena during the shelf-life of beef burgers.

In traditional architecture, the construction systems used have always been linked to the material resources of the environment. In the areas of extraction of gypsum in the Iberian Peninsula, the use of this material as a conglomerant was not limited to the interior lining of vertical and/or horizontal walls or to interior decorations, as is the case today, but proved to be a very versatile material, which could be used both in structural elements and in finishing elements and decorations. This study shows the preliminary results of an ongoing research on the recovery of traditional gypsum pavements, where three types of traditional gypsum plasters with natural products such as collagen, coconut soap, potassium soap, vegetable oil and marshmallow root were tested. The hygroscopic behaviour of the treated samples has been evaluated from the capillarity water absorption and the contact angle, due to their high hygroscopicity. On the other hand, the density and porosity, surface hardness and thermal conductivity of the samples have also been determined., Award-winning, Postprint (published version)

In traditional architecture, the construction systems used have always been linked to the material resources of the environment. In the areas of extraction of gypsum in the Iberian Peninsula, the use of this material as a conglomerant was not limited to the interior lining of vertical and/or horizontal walls or to interior decorations, as is the case today, but proved to be a very versatile material, which could be used both in structural elements and in finishing elements and decorations. This study shows the preliminary results of an ongoing research on the recovery of traditional gypsum pavements, where three types of traditional gypsum plasters with natural products such as collagen, coconut soap, potassium soap, vegetable oil and marshmallow root were tested. The hygroscopic behaviour of the treated samples has been evaluated from the capillarity water absorption and the contact angle, due to their high hygroscopicity. On the other hand, the density and porosity, surface hardness and thermal conductivity of the samples have also been determined., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

The promotion of sustainable packaging is part of the European Green Deal and plays a key role in the EU’s social and political strategy. One option is the use of renewable resources and biomass waste as raw materials for polymer production. Lignocellulose biomass from annual and perennial industrial crops and agricultural residues are a major source of polysaccharides, proteins, and lignin and can also be used to obtain plant-based extracts and essential oils. Therefore, these biomasses are considered as potential substitute for fossil-based resources. Here, the status quo of bio-based polymers is discussed and evaluated in terms of properties related to packaging applications such as gas and water vapor permeability as well as mechanical properties. So far, their practical use is still restricted due to lower performance in fundamental packaging functions that directly influence food quality and safety, the length of shelf life, and thus the amount of food waste. Besides bio-based polymers, this review focuses on plant extracts as active packaging agents. Incorporating extracts of herbs, flowers, trees, and their fruits is inevitable to achieve desired material properties that are capable to prolong the food shelf life. Finally, the adoption potential of packaging based on polymers from renewable resources is discussed from a bioeconomy perspective.

[ES] En el presente trabajo de fin de máster se prepararon mezclas de Policaprolactona (PCL) con colofonia (GR) y cera de abeja (BW), que se utilizaron para la preparación de filamentos para ser empleados en procesos de impresión 3D. Además, con el fin de caracterizar los materiales y determinar el efecto de la adición de GR, BW o la mezcla de ambos (GR_BW) sobre las propiedades de la PCL se imprimieron probetas de ensayos mecánicos y se realizaron análisis térmicos, mecánicos, estructurales, de humectabilidad y color. En el proceso de impresión 3D se escogió el patrón de llenado de los objetos a imprimir y establecieron las temperaturas de cama y de extrusión para cada material, se determinó que el material PCL_GR_BW presenta un mejor comportamiento en la impresión 3D. La caracterización térmica de las probetas permitió determinar que los aditivos empleados son miscibles y compatibles con la PCL, mientras que con la caracterización mecánica se estableció que la adición de GR_BW le proporciona una mayor resistencia a la tracción al filamento de modo que facilita la impresión en 3D. Por el contrario, la adición de BW le confiere demasiada ductilidad a la mezcla lo que dificulta su procesamiento. En el FTIR se puede inferir una interacción entre la PCL y los aditivos usados. Se encontró que los aditivos naturales empleados actuaron como plastificantes, pero se estableció que aquellos materiales en los que se usó GR presentaron una menor plastificación, debido a la rigidez propia de este aditivo, lo que confirió mejores propiedades mecánicas al material., [EN] In the present work, mixtures of Polycaprolactone (PCL) were prepared with gum rosin (GR) and beeswax (BW), which were used to prepare filaments for 3D printing processes. In addition, to characterize the materials and determine the effect of the addition of GR, BW or the mixture of both (GR_BW) on the properties of the PCL, mechanical test specimens were printed and thermal, mechanical, structural, wettability and color analyzes were carried out. In the 3D printing process, the filling pattern of the objects to be printed was chosen and the bed and extrusion temperatures for each material were established. It was determined that the material PCL_GR_BW has a better behavior in 3D printing. The thermal characterization of the specimens allowed to determine that the additives used are miscible and compatible with the PCL, while with the mechanical characterization it was established that the addition of GR_BW provides a greater tensile strength to the filament which facilitates the processing in a 3D printer. On the contrary, the addition of BW gives the mixture too much ductility, which makes its processing difficult. In the FTIR, an interaction between the PCL and the additives used was detected. It was found that the natural additives used acted as plasticizers. However, those materials in which GR was used had a lower plasticization, due to the inherent rigidity of this additive, which confer better mechanical properties to the material.

[ES] En el presente trabajo de fin de máster se prepararon mezclas de Policaprolactona (PCL) con colofonia (GR) y cera de abeja (BW), que se utilizaron para la preparación de filamentos para ser empleados en procesos de impresión 3D. Además, con el fin de caracterizar los materiales y determinar el efecto de la adición de GR, BW o la mezcla de ambos (GR_BW) sobre las propiedades de la PCL se imprimieron probetas de ensayos mecánicos y se realizaron análisis térmicos, mecánicos, estructurales, de humectabilidad y color. En el proceso de impresión 3D se escogió el patrón de llenado de los objetos a imprimir y establecieron las temperaturas de cama y de extrusión para cada material, se determinó que el material PCL_GR_BW presenta un mejor comportamiento en la impresión 3D. La caracterización térmica de las probetas permitió determinar que los aditivos empleados son miscibles y compatibles con la PCL, mientras que con la caracterización mecánica se estableció que la adición de GR_BW le proporciona una mayor resistencia a la tracción al filamento de modo que facilita la impresión en 3D. Por el contrario, la adición de BW le confiere demasiada ductilidad a la mezcla lo que dificulta su procesamiento. En el FTIR se puede inferir una interacción entre la PCL y los aditivos usados. Se encontró que los aditivos naturales empleados actuaron como plastificantes, pero se estableció que aquellos materiales en los que se usó GR presentaron una menor plastificación, debido a la rigidez propia de este aditivo, lo que confirió mejores propiedades mecánicas al material., [EN] In the present work, mixtures of Polycaprolactone (PCL) were prepared with gum rosin (GR) and beeswax (BW), which were used to prepare filaments for 3D printing processes. In addition, to characterize the materials and determine the effect of the addition of GR, BW or the mixture of both (GR_BW) on the properties of the PCL, mechanical test specimens were printed and thermal, mechanical, structural, wettability and color analyzes were carried out. In the 3D printing process, the filling pattern of the objects to be printed was chosen and the bed and extrusion temperatures for each material were established. It was determined that the material PCL_GR_BW has a better behavior in 3D printing. The thermal characterization of the specimens allowed to determine that the additives used are miscible and compatible with the PCL, while with the mechanical characterization it was established that the addition of GR_BW provides a greater tensile strength to the filament which facilitates the processing in a 3D printer. On the contrary, the addition of BW gives the mixture too much ductility, which makes its processing difficult. In the FTIR, an interaction between the PCL and the additives used was detected. It was found that the natural additives used acted as plasticizers. However, those materials in which GR was used had a lower plasticization, due to the inherent rigidity of this additive, which confer better mechanical properties to the material.

[ES] En el presente trabajo de fin de máster se prepararon mezclas de Policaprolactona (PCL) con colofonia (GR) y cera de abeja (BW), que se utilizaron para la preparación de filamentos para ser empleados en procesos de impresión 3D. Además, con el fin de caracterizar los materiales y determinar el efecto de la adición de GR, BW o la mezcla de ambos (GR_BW) sobre las propiedades de la PCL se imprimieron probetas de ensayos mecánicos y se realizaron análisis térmicos, mecánicos, estructurales, de humectabilidad y color. En el proceso de impresión 3D se escogió el patrón de llenado de los objetos a imprimir y establecieron las temperaturas de cama y de extrusión para cada material, se determinó que el material PCL_GR_BW presenta un mejor comportamiento en la impresión 3D. La caracterización térmica de las probetas permitió determinar que los aditivos empleados son miscibles y compatibles con la PCL, mientras que con la caracterización mecánica se estableció que la adición de GR_BW le proporciona una mayor resistencia a la tracción al filamento de modo que facilita la impresión en 3D. Por el contrario, la adición de BW le confiere demasiada ductilidad a la mezcla lo que dificulta su procesamiento. En el FTIR se puede inferir una interacción entre la PCL y los aditivos usados. Se encontró que los aditivos naturales empleados actuaron como plastificantes, pero se estableció que aquellos materiales en los que se usó GR presentaron una menor plastificación, debido a la rigidez propia de este aditivo, lo que confirió mejores propiedades mecánicas al material., [EN] In the present work, mixtures of Polycaprolactone (PCL) were prepared with gum rosin (GR) and beeswax (BW), which were used to prepare filaments for 3D printing processes. In addition, to characterize the materials and determine the effect of the addition of GR, BW or the mixture of both (GR_BW) on the properties of the PCL, mechanical test specimens were printed and thermal, mechanical, structural, wettability and color analyzes were carried out. In the 3D printing process, the filling pattern of the objects to be printed was chosen and the bed and extrusion temperatures for each material were established. It was determined that the material PCL_GR_BW has a better behavior in 3D printing. The thermal characterization of the specimens allowed to determine that the additives used are miscible and compatible with the PCL, while with the mechanical characterization it was established that the addition of GR_BW provides a greater tensile strength to the filament which facilitates the processing in a 3D printer. On the contrary, the addition of BW gives the mixture too much ductility, which makes its processing difficult. In the FTIR, an interaction between the PCL and the additives used was detected. It was found that the natural additives used acted as plasticizers. However, those materials in which GR was used had a lower plasticization, due to the inherent rigidity of this additive, which confer better mechanical properties to the material.

[ES] En el presente trabajo de fin de máster se prepararon mezclas de Policaprolactona (PCL) con colofonia (GR) y cera de abeja (BW), que se utilizaron para la preparación de filamentos para ser empleados en procesos de impresión 3D. Además, con el fin de caracterizar los materiales y determinar el efecto de la adición de GR, BW o la mezcla de ambos (GR_BW) sobre las propiedades de la PCL se imprimieron probetas de ensayos mecánicos y se realizaron análisis térmicos, mecánicos, estructurales, de humectabilidad y color. En el proceso de impresión 3D se escogió el patrón de llenado de los objetos a imprimir y establecieron las temperaturas de cama y de extrusión para cada material, se determinó que el material PCL_GR_BW presenta un mejor comportamiento en la impresión 3D. La caracterización térmica de las probetas permitió determinar que los aditivos empleados son miscibles y compatibles con la PCL, mientras que con la caracterización mecánica se estableció que la adición de GR_BW le proporciona una mayor resistencia a la tracción al filamento de modo que facilita la impresión en 3D. Por el contrario, la adición de BW le confiere demasiada ductilidad a la mezcla lo que dificulta su procesamiento. En el FTIR se puede inferir una interacción entre la PCL y los aditivos usados. Se encontró que los aditivos naturales empleados actuaron como plastificantes, pero se estableció que aquellos materiales en los que se usó GR presentaron una menor plastificación, debido a la rigidez propia de este aditivo, lo que confirió mejores propiedades mecánicas al material., [EN] In the present work, mixtures of Polycaprolactone (PCL) were prepared with gum rosin (GR) and beeswax (BW), which were used to prepare filaments for 3D printing processes. In addition, to characterize the materials and determine the effect of the addition of GR, BW or the mixture of both (GR_BW) on the properties of the PCL, mechanical test specimens were printed and thermal, mechanical, structural, wettability and color analyzes were carried out. In the 3D printing process, the filling pattern of the objects to be printed was chosen and the bed and extrusion temperatures for each material were established. It was determined that the material PCL_GR_BW has a better behavior in 3D printing. The thermal characterization of the specimens allowed to determine that the additives used are miscible and compatible with the PCL, while with the mechanical characterization it was established that the addition of GR_BW provides a greater tensile strength to the filament which facilitates the processing in a 3D printer. On the contrary, the addition of BW gives the mixture too much ductility, which makes its processing difficult. In the FTIR, an interaction between the PCL and the additives used was detected. It was found that the natural additives used acted as plasticizers. However, those materials in which GR was used had a lower plasticization, due to the inherent rigidity of this additive, which confer better mechanical properties to the material.

This study originally explores the use of gallic acid (GA) as a natural additive in bio-based high-density polyethylene (bio-HDPE) formulations. Thus, bio-HDPE was first melt-compounded with two different loadings of GA, namely 0.3 and 0.8 parts per hundred resin (phr) of biopolymer, by twin-screw extrusion and thereafter shaped into films using a cast-roll machine. The resultant bio-HDPE films containing GA were characterized in terms of their mechanical, morphological, and thermal performance as well as ultraviolet (UV) light stability to evaluate their potential application in food packaging. The incorporation of 0.3 and 0.8 phr of GA reduced the mechanical ductility and crystallinity of bio-HDPE, but it positively contributed to delaying the onset oxidation temperature (OOT) by 36.5 °C and nearly 44 °C, respectively. Moreover, the oxidation induction time (OIT) of bio-HDPE, measured at 210 °C, was delayed for up to approximately 56 and 240 min, respectively. Furthermore, the UV light stability of the bio-HDPE films was remarkably improved, remaining stable for an exposure time of 10 h even at the lowest GA content. The addition of the natural antioxidant slightly induced a yellow color in the bio-HDPE films and it also reduced their transparency, although a high contact transparency level was maintained. This property can be desirable in some packaging materials for light protection, especially UV radiation, which causes lipid oxidation in food products. Therefore, GA can successfully improve the thermal resistance and UV light stability of green polyolefins and will potentially promote the use of natural additives for sustainable food packaging applications.

The aims of this study were the estimation of difference in physiochemical properties and antioxidant activity of yoghurts supplemented by different natural additives. In addition, the changes in physiochemical properties and antioxidant activity during five weeks storage were performed. The change in antioxidant activities was evaluated using the ABTS radical cations decolorizing assay. The statistical analysis showed that the yoghurt samples with the natural supplement have higher antioxidant activity than the plain yoghurt. In addition, the storage period affect the yoghurt properties by increasing its acidity and antioxidant activities by increasing the storage time. Furthermore, the plain and supplemented yoghurts are still consumable until the fifth week of storage but the favourable time to consume it with its higher antioxidant capacity is the 3rd week of storage.

The aims of this study were the estimation of difference in physiochemical properties and antioxidant activity of yoghurts supplemented by different natural additives. In addition, the changes in physiochemical properties and antioxidant activity during five weeks storage were performed. The change in antioxidant activities was evaluated using the ABTS radical cations decolorizing assay. The statistical analysis showed that the yoghurt samples with the natural supplement have higher antioxidant activity than the plain yoghurt. In addition, the storage period affect the yoghurt properties by increasing its acidity and antioxidant activities by increasing the storage time. Furthermore, the plain and supplemented yoghurts are still consumable until the fifth week of storage but the favourable time to consume it with its higher antioxidant capacity is the 3rd week of storage.

The aims of this study were the estimation of difference in physiochemical properties and antioxidant activity of yoghurts supplemented by different natural additives. In addition, the changes in physiochemical properties and antioxidant activity during five weeks storage were performed. The change in antioxidant activities was evaluated using the ABTS radical cations decolorizing assay. The statistical analysis showed that the yoghurt samples with the natural supplement have higher antioxidant activity than the plain yoghurt. In addition, the storage period affect the yoghurt properties by increasing its acidity and antioxidant activities by increasing the storage time. Furthermore, the plain and supplemented yoghurts are still consumable until the fifth week of storage but the favourable time to consume it with its higher antioxidant capacity is the 3rd week of storage.

The aims of this study were the estimation of difference in physiochemical properties and antioxidant activity of yoghurts supplemented by different natural additives. In addition, the changes in physiochemical properties and antioxidant activity during five weeks storage were performed. The change in antioxidant activities was evaluated using the ABTS radical cations decolorizing assay. The statistical analysis showed that the yoghurt samples with the natural supplement have higher antioxidant activity than the plain yoghurt. In addition, the storage period affect the yoghurt properties by increasing its acidity and antioxidant activities by increasing the storage time. Furthermore, the plain and supplemented yoghurts are still consumable until the fifth week of storage but the favourable time to consume it with its higher antioxidant capacity is the 3rd week of storage.

The aims of this study were the estimation of difference in physiochemical properties and antioxidant activity of yoghurts supplemented by different natural additives. In addition, the changes in physiochemical properties and antioxidant activity during five weeks storage were performed. The change in antioxidant activities was evaluated using the ABTS radical cations decolorizing assay. The statistical analysis showed that the yoghurt samples with the natural supplement have higher antioxidant activity than the plain yoghurt. In addition, the storage period affect the yoghurt properties by increasing its acidity and antioxidant activities by increasing the storage time. Furthermore, the plain and supplemented yoghurts are still consumable until the fifth week of storage but the favourable time to consume it with its higher antioxidant capacity is the 3rd week of storage.

The aims of this study were the estimation of difference in physiochemical properties and antioxidant activity of yoghurts supplemented by different natural additives. In addition, the changes in physiochemical properties and antioxidant activity during five weeks storage were performed. The change in antioxidant activities was evaluated using the ABTS radical cations decolorizing assay. The statistical analysis showed that the yoghurt samples with the natural supplement have higher antioxidant activity than the plain yoghurt. In addition, the storage period affect the yoghurt properties by increasing its acidity and antioxidant activities by increasing the storage time. Furthermore, the plain and supplemented yoghurts are still consumable until the fifth week of storage but the favourable time to consume it with its higher antioxidant capacity is the 3rd week of storage.

It is important to explore new sources of natural additives because the demand for these compounds by consumers is increasing. These products also provide health benefits and help in food preservation. An unexplored source of nutrients and antioxidant compounds is rosehip, the fleshy fruit of roses. This work compares the antioxidant compound (vitamin C, neutral phenols and acidic phenols) content of four Rosa species rosehips: R. pouzinii, R. corymbifera, R. glauca and R. canina from different geographical zones. Results show quantitative variability in ascorbic acids and neutral phenols content, and quantitative and qualitative differences in acidic phenol content, depending on species. Vitamin C concentration was highly variable depending on species, R. canina being the one with the highest concentration and R. pouzinii the one with the lowest content. Variability was found in total neutral polyphenols concentration and a correlation between freshness of the rosehips and concentration of neutral polyphenols was also found. Significant differences were found in the acidic phenols content among the studied species. Generally antioxidant activity was higher in the vitamin C fraction.

[EN] The aim of this study is to establish the thermal performance of a biocomposite (Arbofill kokos (R)), stabilized with different natural phenolic additives, to check the antioxidant capacity of the resulting compounds. Different phenolic compounds (thymol, carvacrol, a-tocopherol, and tannic acid) were used as biobased additives and the concentrations ranged between 0.5 wt% and 2 wt%. The results obtained were compared with formulations containing a typical industrial petroleum-based antioxidant agent (octadecyl-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the antioxidant performance of the selected natural additives. The antimicrobial effect of these natural phenolic compounds was also studied by analyzing the growth of bacterial colonies. The comparison between the natural phenolic compounds and the petroleum-based antioxidant compound showed good antioxidant action for natural phenolic compounds; in all the mixtures of biocomposite and antioxidant agent the oxidation onset temperature (OOT) increased in a remarkable way, but the highest stabilization effect was achieved with a-tocopherol with provides a % increase on OOT of about 45%. With regard to antibacterial activity of the different natural phenolic compounds, thymol, and carvacrol showed interesting antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. (c) 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers

[EN] The aim of this study is to establish the thermal performance of a biocomposite (Arbofill kokos (R)), stabilized with different natural phenolic additives, to check the antioxidant capacity of the resulting compounds. Different phenolic compounds (thymol, carvacrol, a-tocopherol, and tannic acid) were used as biobased additives and the concentrations ranged between 0.5 wt% and 2 wt%. The results obtained were compared with formulations containing a typical industrial petroleum-based antioxidant agent (octadecyl-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the antioxidant performance of the selected natural additives. The antimicrobial effect of these natural phenolic compounds was also studied by analyzing the growth of bacterial colonies. The comparison between the natural phenolic compounds and the petroleum-based antioxidant compound showed good antioxidant action for natural phenolic compounds; in all the mixtures of biocomposite and antioxidant agent the oxidation onset temperature (OOT) increased in a remarkable way, but the highest stabilization effect was achieved with a-tocopherol with provides a % increase on OOT of about 45%. With regard to antibacterial activity of the different natural phenolic compounds, thymol, and carvacrol showed interesting antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. (c) 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers

One of the most important trends in food industry today is application of natural flavours, spices, antioxidants and pigments, With supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide from some plant species of Lamiaceae family it is possible to obtain extracts with antioxidant characteristics. The possibilities of isolation of fractions with antioxidant characteristics from the plants of the Lamiaceae family (rosmary, Rosmarinus officinalis L. sage, Salvia officinalis L. and hyssop, Hyssopus officinalis L) from the Balkans by application of supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide are presented in this paper. Esential oil fractions were first isolated at the pressure of 11,5 MPa and temperature of 40ºC. Then, the antioxidative fraction was isolated at the pressure of 30 MPa and temperatures of 40ºC and 100ºC. With the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction at the temperature of 100ºC significantly higher yields of antioxidative fractions were obtained than at temperature of 40ºC. ., Jedan od najznačajnijih trendova u prehrambenoj industriji danas je primena prirodnih aroma, začina, antioksidanasa i pigmenata. Procesom natkritične ekstrakcije ugljenik(IV)-oksidom iz nekih vrsta biljne familije Lamiaceae moguće je da se dobiju ekstrakti sa antioksidativnim svojstvima. U ovom radu prezentovane su mogućnosti izolacije frakcija sa antioksidativnim svojstvima iz biljaka familije Lamiaceae (ruzmarin, žalfija i izop) sa područja Balkana, primenom frakcione natkritične ekstrakcije ugljenik(IV)-oksidom. Prvo je izolovana frakcija etarskih ulja na pritisku od 11,5 MPa i temperaturi od 40ºC. Antioksidativna frakcija je potom izolovana na pritisku od 30 MPa i temperaturama od 40ºC i 100ºC. Natkritičnom ekstrakcijom na temperaturi od 100ºC ostvareni su znatno veći prinosi antioksidativnih frakcija nego na temperaturi od 40ºC.

High-pressure is a new food processing technology aimed at achieving consumer demands for fresher products with reduced microbiological levels. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of combined treatments of high-pressure and natural additives (citric acid and sodium chloride) on lutein, lycopene, lycopene epoxide, Y- and Beta-carotene content, and vitamin A value, and on the in vitro antioxidant activity of tomato puree. The methods used to evaluate the antioxidant activity were the measurement of the DPPH· radical scavenging and the inhibition of lipid oxidation (linoleic acid/CuSO4 system). The experimental design comprised a response surface methodology according to a central composite face-centred design. The variable ranges were 50–400 MPa, sodium chloride 0–0.8%, and citric acid 0–2%. Total carotenoid content showed the best extraction when pressure was increased up to 400 MPa without sodium chloride and citric acid. The effect of the moderately high-pressure treatment (under 200 MPa) on the structure of the cellular tomato matrix may lead to the different release of various carotenes on the basis of their chemical features and chromoplast location. Radical scavenging activity was higher in the aqueous extract than the organic extract of tomato puree. Significant correlation (P<0.05) was found between the total carotenoid content and the radical scavenging activity and inhibition of lipid oxidation by the organic extract of tomato puree. In conclusion, applying the highest range of pressures (without additives) increased the carotenoid extractability. Further human studies are needed to clarify the effect of high-pressure treatment on the bioavailability of tomato puree constituents.