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The development of infrastructure is increasing rapidly with an increase in the demand if concrete, where the primary binding material is cement. There are many adverse environmental issues caused by the production of cement. There is a need of finding alternatives for cement which also works like a binder. Geopolymer has been introduced in the research fields with an urge to overcome the demerits and adverse environmental issues caused by conventional concrete. This paper makes an effort to achieve the desired strength of Geopolymer concrete at normal room temperature by addition of Lime in the geopolymer concrete. In this experimental investigation Geopolymer concrete is produced for two different grades with fly ash as the binding material, Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Silicate as the activators with 16Mole, aggregates and fine sand similar to that used for conventional concrete, adding Lime powder which when reacts with water produces an additional amount of heat (process being exothermic) which will help the polymerization process to develop at lower temperatures. Specimens casted with the mention specifications will be curing at normal room temperature

The development of infrastructure is increasing rapidly with an increase in the demand if concrete, where the primary binding material is cement. There are many adverse environmental issues caused by the production of cement. There is a need of finding alternatives for cement which also works like a binder. Geopolymer has been introduced in the research fields with an urge to overcome the demerits and adverse environmental issues caused by conventional concrete. This paper makes an effort to achieve the desired strength of Geopolymer concrete at normal room temperature by addition of Lime in the geopolymer concrete. In this experimental investigation Geopolymer concrete is produced for two different grades with fly ash as the binding material, Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Silicate as the activators with 16Mole, aggregates and fine sand similar to that used for conventional concrete, adding Lime powder which when reacts with water produces an additional amount of heat (process being exothermic) which will help the polymerization process to develop at lower temperatures. Specimens casted with the mention specifications will be curing at normal room temperature

The development of infrastructure is increasing rapidly with an increase in the demand if concrete, where the primary binding material is cement. There are many adverse environmental issues caused by the production of cement. There is a need of finding alternatives for cement which also works like a binder. Geopolymer has been introduced in the research fields with an urge to overcome the demerits and adverse environmental issues caused by conventional concrete. This paper makes an effort to achieve the desired strength of Geopolymer concrete at normal room temperature by addition of Lime in the geopolymer concrete. In this experimental investigation Geopolymer concrete is produced for two different grades with fly ash as the binding material, Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Silicate as the activators with 16Mole, aggregates and fine sand similar to that used for conventional concrete, adding Lime powder which when reacts with water produces an additional amount of heat (process being exothermic) which will help the polymerization process to develop at lower temperatures. Specimens casted with the mention specifications will be curing at normal room temperature

The development of infrastructure is increasing rapidly with an increase in the demand if concrete, where the primary binding material is cement. There are many adverse environmental issues caused by the production of cement. There is a need of finding alternatives for cement which also works like a binder. Geopolymer has been introduced in the research fields with an urge to overcome the demerits and adverse environmental issues caused by conventional concrete. This paper makes an effort to achieve the desired strength of Geopolymer concrete at normal room temperature by addition of Lime in the geopolymer concrete. In this experimental investigation Geopolymer concrete is produced for two different grades with fly ash as the binding material, Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Silicate as the activators with 16Mole, aggregates and fine sand similar to that used for conventional concrete, adding Lime powder which when reacts with water produces an additional amount of heat (process being exothermic) which will help the polymerization process to develop at lower temperatures. Specimens casted with the mention specifications will be curing at normal room temperature

The development of infrastructure is increasing rapidly with an increase in the demand if concrete, where the primary binding material is cement. There are many adverse environmental issues caused by the production of cement. There is a need of finding alternatives for cement which also works like a binder. Geopolymer has been introduced in the research fields with an urge to overcome the demerits and adverse environmental issues caused by conventional concrete. This paper makes an effort to achieve the desired strength of Geopolymer concrete at normal room temperature by addition of Lime in the geopolymer concrete. In this experimental investigation Geopolymer concrete is produced for two different grades with fly ash as the binding material, Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Silicate as the activators with 16Mole, aggregates and fine sand similar to that used for conventional concrete, adding Lime powder which when reacts with water produces an additional amount of heat (process being exothermic) which will help the polymerization process to develop at lower temperatures. Specimens casted with the mention specifications will be curing at normal room temperature

The development of infrastructure is increasing rapidly with an increase in the demand if concrete, where the primary binding material is cement. There are many adverse environmental issues caused by the production of cement. There is a need of finding alternatives for cement which also works like a binder. Geopolymer has been introduced in the research fields with an urge to overcome the demerits and adverse environmental issues caused by conventional concrete. This paper makes an effort to achieve the desired strength of Geopolymer concrete at normal room temperature by addition of Lime in the geopolymer concrete. In this experimental investigation Geopolymer concrete is produced for two different grades with fly ash as the binding material, Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Silicate as the activators with 16Mole, aggregates and fine sand similar to that used for conventional concrete, adding Lime powder which when reacts with water produces an additional amount of heat (process being exothermic) which will help the polymerization process to develop at lower temperatures. Specimens casted with the mention specifications will be curing at normal room temperature

The development of infrastructure is increasing rapidly with an increase in the demand if concrete, where the primary binding material is cement. There are many adverse environmental issues caused by the production of cement. There is a need of finding alternatives for cement which also works like a binder. Geopolymer has been introduced in the research fields with an urge to overcome the demerits and adverse environmental issues caused by conventional concrete. This paper makes an effort to achieve the desired strength of Geopolymer concrete at normal room temperature by addition of Lime in the geopolymer concrete. In this experimental investigation Geopolymer concrete is produced for two different grades with fly ash as the binding material, Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Silicate as the activators with 16Mole, aggregates and fine sand similar to that used for conventional concrete, adding Lime powder which when reacts with water produces an additional amount of heat (process being exothermic) which will help the polymerization process to develop at lower temperatures. Specimens casted with the mention specifications will be curing at normal room temperature

This exhibition is a collaborative effort of a diverse group of researchers, practitioners, young graduates, students and concerned citizens to bring to light important aspects of the city of Ahmedabad. This first endeavor is a documentation of 16 stepwells in and around the city hoping to garner interest and raise discussions not only about the structures themselves, but also larger issues of water, settlement patterns and social relationships to which these stepwells are connected. Within this framework, the exhibition aims to start a conversation on their present condition, their value and the issues of heritage in the context of the city.

This exhibition is a collaborative effort of a diverse group of researchers, practitioners, young graduates, students and concerned citizens to bring to light important aspects of the city of Ahmedabad. This first endeavor is a documentation of 16 stepwells in and around the city hoping to garner interest and raise discussions not only about the structures themselves, but also larger issues of water, settlement patterns and social relationships to which these stepwells are connected. Within this framework, the exhibition aims to start a conversation on their present condition, their value and the issues of heritage in the context of the city.

This exhibition is a collaborative effort of a diverse group of researchers, practitioners, young graduates, students and concerned citizens to bring to light important aspects of the city of Ahmedabad. This first endeavor is a documentation of 16 stepwells in and around the city hoping to garner interest and raise discussions not only about the structures themselves, but also larger issues of water, settlement patterns and social relationships to which these stepwells are connected. Within this framework, the exhibition aims to start a conversation on their present condition, their value and the issues of heritage in the context of the city.

This dissertation examines the practical issues involved in conservation of architectural heritage in India. To explore the role of ASI and INTACH, the dissertation analyzes their mandates/legal frameworks, which defines the scope of work for respective agencies. The Jaisalmer Fort conservation project is examined to research the practical, social, and legal issues involved in the practice. The work done by both agencies is analyzed. ASI and INTACH are both facing issues in enforcement and hence trying to update their administrative system. Both these agencies are major entities in their respective fields (government and non-government) working nationwide to conserve heritage resources. This dissertation attempts to find out where does conservation practice presently stand and what future opportunities are possible with recent major changes in their working methodology.

The emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is threatening as in case of Staphylococcus aureus and is well known for causing nosocomial infections in humans. In this study a total of 50 isolates of S.aureus were isolated from clinical samples collected from wound, boils, abscesses, ulcers and post operative infections (POI). The isolate exhibiting multi-antibiotic resistance was subjected for test of synergism. Synergism can be best achieved by checkerboard or Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC). A combination of ampicillin and kanamycin were used for the checkerboard method. From the checkerboard, the MIC of ampicillin and kanamycin alone were 160µg/ml and 80µg/ml respectively. However a combination of both antibiotics required were just 10µg/ml and 20µg/ml of ampicillin and kanamycin with a FIC index of 0.562 indicating their synergistic effect. Thus from this study it can be concluded that antibiotic combination therapy is the best way to achieve synergy when the causal organism is a multi-antibiotic resistant one. Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, Antibiotic resistance, Checker board and Synergy test.

The emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is threatening as in case of Staphylococcus aureus and is well known for causing nosocomial infections in humans. In this study a total of 50 isolates of S.aureus were isolated from clinical samples collected from wound, boils, abscesses, ulcers and post operative infections (POI). The isolate exhibiting multi-antibiotic resistance was subjected for test of synergism. Synergism can be best achieved by checkerboard or Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC). A combination of ampicillin and kanamycin were used for the checkerboard method. From the checkerboard, the MIC of ampicillin and kanamycin alone were 160µg/ml and 80µg/ml respectively. However a combination of both antibiotics required were just 10µg/ml and 20µg/ml of ampicillin and kanamycin with a FIC index of 0.562 indicating their synergistic effect. Thus from this study it can be concluded that antibiotic combination therapy is the best way to achieve synergy when the causal organism is a multi-antibiotic resistant one. Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, Antibiotic resistance, Checker board and Synergy test.