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Objective. To summarize the most recent scientific evidence on the usefulness and implementation of simulation training programs for health science students. Methods. A search and systematic review were conducted of the literature through the use of the PRISMA guidelines using the terms MESH Simulation AND healthcare AND Professional Training, including 42 articles. Results. The bibliometric analysis revealed that most of the studies were local in nature, that is, conducted in a single center, or in a few centers in the same region, from the English-speaking world, and using a mixed methodology with pre/post-test measurements. As for the educational aspects, most of the studies were conducted at universities or in the area of continuous education, used multidisciplinary teams as the student target, and used role-playing games as the simulation method. Also, these programs were especially successful in the acquisition of competencies, such as teamwork, communication, and trust. Conclusion. Clinical simulation is a teaching methodology implemented in the last twenty years, mainly in English-speaking countries; it utilizes techniques for its execution and assessment that have been validated in contrasted in many scientific studies, and lastly, it was also observed that it is useful for providing training on general competencies for multidisciplinary groups., Objetivo. Resumir as evidências científicas mais recentes sobre a utilidade e implementação de programas de treinamento de simulação em estudantes de ciências da saúde. Métodos. Uma busca sistemática e revisão da literatura foi realizada usando o guia PRISMA usando os termos MESH Simulation AND Healthcare AND Professional Training, incluindo 42 artigos. Resultados. A análise bibliométrica revelou que a maioria dos estudos foram locais, ou seja, desenvolvidos num único centro ou em alguns centros de uma mesma cidade, do mundo anglo-saxão, e utilizaram uma metodologia mista com pré/pós- teste. Quanto aos aspectos educacionais, a maioria dos estudos foi realizada no nível universitário ou no campo da formação contínua, os alunos-alvo eram equipes multidisciplinares e usaram a dramatização como método de simulação. Além disso, esses programas foram especialmente bem-sucedidos na aquisição de habilidades como trabalho em equipe, comunicação e confiança. Conclusão. A simulação clínica é uma metodologia de ensino que tem vindo a ser progressivamente implementada ao longo das duas últimas décadas, maioritariamente em países anglo-saxões, que utiliza técnicas para a sua execução e avaliação validadas e contrastadas em múltiplos estudos científicos, e que é útil para o treino de competências genéricas. equipes multidisciplinares., Objetivo. Resumir la evidencia científica más reciente sobre la utilidad e implementación de programas de formación mediante simulación en estudiantes de ciencias de la salud. Métodos. Se ha desarrollado una búsqueda y revisión sistemática de la literatura mediante la guía PRISMA empleando los términos MESH Simulation AND healthcare AND Professional Training, incluyéndose 42 artículos. Resultados. El análisis bibliométrico reveló que la mayoría de estudios eran de ámbito local, es decir, desarrollados en un único centro o en unos pocos centros de una misma localidad, procedentes del mundo anglosajón, y utilizaban una metodología mixta con pre/post-test. En cuanto a los aspectos educativos, la mayoría de estudios se desarrollaron a nivel universitario o en el ámbito de la formación continua, tuvieron como alumnado objetivo equipos multidisciplinares y utilizaron el juego de rol como método de simulación. Además, estos programas fueron especialmente exitosos en la adquisición de competencias como el trabajo en equipo, la comunicación y la confianza. Conclusión. La simulación clínica es una metodología docente que se ha ido implantando progresivamente durante las últimas dos décadas, mayoritariamente en países anglosajones, que utiliza técnicas para su ejecución y evaluación validadas y contrastadas en múltiples estudios científicos, y que resulta útil para el entrenamiento de competencias genéricas y equipos multidisciplinares.

Financial support was received to M. Alonso from the Spanish “Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad” (EEBB-I-15-09632) for a 3-month visit at UConn. Financial support for the sequencing and laboratory analysis was provided by the Spanish “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación” (Project CGL2010-15959/BOS co-financed by FEDER) and by US National Science Foundation (DEB-1146295 to BG)., The mitochondrial genome of mosses is characterized by a highly conserved structure and genic content. This is confirmed here through the assembly and annotation of the mt genome of the moss Oxystegus tenuirostris, family Pottiaceae, for which it is assembled. A phylogenetic tree is inferred from the whole genome of 16 species of mosses to validate the sequence of O. tenuirostris by confirming its shared ancestry with Syntrichia. The genome is 105 001 bp long, with a GC content of 39.2%, comprising 40 protein coding, 24 tRNA, and 3 rRNA genes. All introns reported from the mt genome of all but one peristomate moss are present, whereas no region of 50 bp or more is repeated within the genome. The genic content and order is identical to that of most mosses, highlighting that the mt genome is static not only across the phylogenetic depth but also breadth of the moss tree of life., Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Fac. de Ciencias Biológicas, TRUE, pub

A new procedure for the asymmetric synthesis of imidazolidines and vicinal diamines is reported. The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between non racemic p-tolylsulfinimines and azome thine ylides generated in situ from - iminoesters and LDA produces N-sulfi nylimidazolidines with a high degree of stereocontrol. In contrast, the presence of Lewis acids promotes formation of the cycloadducts through a highly dia stereoselective process with opposite stereochemistry. Subsequent transfor mations of the imidazolidines including oxidative, reductive, and hydrolytic processes that provide easy access to vicinal diaminoalcohols have been ex plored. Among these, reductive cleav age of the aminal with LiAlH4 is an extremely efficient and general reaction for the synthesis of enantiopure N sulfinyl-N -benzyldiaminoalcohols