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We report the structural study of C_<70>-one-dimensional (1D) crystal formed inside single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). X-ray diffraction measurements were performed between 100 K and 999 K on C_<70>-encapsulated SWNTs with an average diameter of 1.37 nm. Two different domains, where the dominant alignment of C_<70> molecular long axis is standing or lying with respect to the tube axis, were observed; the ratio of the standing to the lying C_<70>-domains is roughly 7:3. Thermal expansion of interfullerene distance gave no evidence for orientational phase transitions, not as in the 3D crystals. Instead, the long-range order of the standing C_<70>-alignment was thermally destroyed with an activation energy of 39±4 meV. The results imply the importance of either the 1D fluctuation or the tube-C_<70> interaction at finite temperatures.

type:text, We report 15N nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and the nitrogen-isotope effect studies on c-axis oriented sample of Li-doped HfNCl with superconducting transition temperature Tc~25.5 K. 15N NMR Knight shift decreases toward zero below Tc, giving evidence that the pairing symmetry is an even-parity spin singlet, and that the nitrogen site plays an important role in the occurrence of superconductivity. A nitrogen isotope shift is found to be quite small, ∇Tc~0.1 K (N = 0.07±0.02), which cannot reproduce such a high Tc within the traditional BCS framework.

We report 15N nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and the nitrogen-isotope effect studies on c-axis oriented sample of Li-doped HfNCl with superconducting transition temperature Tc~25.5 K. 15N NMR Knight shift decreases toward zero below Tc, giving evidence that the pairing symmetry is an even-parity spin singlet, and that the nitrogen site plays an important role in the occurrence of superconductivity. A nitrogen isotope shift is found to be quite small, ∇Tc~0.1 K (N = 0.07±0.02), which cannot reproduce such a high Tc within the traditional BCS framework.

We report 15N nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and the nitrogen-isotope effect studies on c-axis oriented sample of Li-doped HfNCl with superconducting transition temperature Tc~25.5 K. 15N NMR Knight shift decreases toward zero below Tc, giving evidence that the pairing symmetry is an even-parity spin singlet, and that the nitrogen site plays an important role in the occurrence of superconductivity. A nitrogen isotope shift is found to be quite small, ∇Tc~0.1 K (N = 0.07±0.02), which cannot reproduce such a high Tc within the traditional BCS framework.

type:text, X-ray diffraction study of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) grown by arc discharge in hydrogen atmosphere is presented. It is found that the thermal-expansion coefficient along the radial direction of MWNT is widely distributed in a range from 1.6×10-5 K-1 to 2.6×10-5 K-1, indicating the existence of both of Russian doll MWNT and highly defective MWNT. Russian doll MWNT is suggested to have the outer diameter less than ∼100 Å . Thicker MWNT's are typically highly defective, and may have the jelly roll (scroll) or defective polygonal structure consisting of flat graphite domains.

type:text, Thermal expansion coefficient in single-walled carbon nanotube bundles was determined as (-0.15±0.20)×10-5 (1/K) for the tube diameter and (0.75±0.25)×10-5 (1/K) for the triangular lattice constant by means of x-ray scattering between 300 K to 950 K. The value for the intertube gap was (4.2±1.4)×10-5 (1/K), which is larger than 2.6×10-5 (1/K) for the c-axis thermal expansion in graphite. The results reveal the presence of a remarkably larger lattice anharmonicity in nanotube bundles than that of graphite. The small value for the tube diameter is consistent with the seamless tube structure formed by a strong covalent bond between carbon atoms comparable to that in graphite.

X-ray diffraction study of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) grown by arc discharge in hydrogen atmosphere is presented. It is found that the thermal-expansion coefficient along the radial direction of MWNT is widely distributed in a range from 1.6×10-5 K-1 to 2.6×10-5 K-1, indicating the existence of both of Russian doll MWNT and highly defective MWNT. Russian doll MWNT is suggested to have the outer diameter less than ∼100 Å . Thicker MWNT's are typically highly defective, and may have the jelly roll (scroll) or defective polygonal structure consisting of flat graphite domains.

We have observed the photoconductive response of film samples of single-walled carbon nanotubes for the first time. Two peaks in the photoconductivity excitation spectra around 0.7 and 1.2 eV are observed at room temperature, which can be interpreted as a photocurrent in semiconducting nanotubes. At a low temperature, we found a marked change in the intensity of the spectrum. In this paper, we discuss this temperature dependence and the mechanism of photoconductivity., identifier:https://dspace.jaist.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10119/4963

Thermal expansion coefficient in single-walled carbon nanotube bundles was determined as (-0.15±0.20)×10-5 (1/K) for the tube diameter and (0.75±0.25)×10-5 (1/K) for the triangular lattice constant by means of x-ray scattering between 300 K to 950 K. The value for the intertube gap was (4.2±1.4)×10-5 (1/K), which is larger than 2.6×10-5 (1/K) for the c-axis thermal expansion in graphite. The results reveal the presence of a remarkably larger lattice anharmonicity in nanotube bundles than that of graphite. The small value for the tube diameter is consistent with the seamless tube structure formed by a strong covalent bond between carbon atoms comparable to that in graphite.

X-ray diffraction study of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) grown by arc discharge in hydrogen atmosphere is presented. It is found that the thermal-expansion coefficient along the radial direction of MWNT is widely distributed in a range from 1.6×10-5 K-1 to 2.6×10-5 K-1, indicating the existence of both of Russian doll MWNT and highly defective MWNT. Russian doll MWNT is suggested to have the outer diameter less than ∼100 Å . Thicker MWNT's are typically highly defective, and may have the jelly roll (scroll) or defective polygonal structure consisting of flat graphite domains.

We have observed the photoconductive response of film samples of single-walled carbon nanotubes for the first time. Two peaks in the photoconductivity excitation spectra around 0.7 and 1.2 eV are observed at room temperature, which can be interpreted as a photocurrent in semiconducting nanotubes. At a low temperature, we found a marked change in the intensity of the spectrum. In this paper, we discuss this temperature dependence and the mechanism of photoconductivity.

Adsorption properties of nitrogen and oxygen gases in single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) bundles were investigated by the isotherm and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. In the as-grown (AG) nanotubes with close-ended caps, both the gases are adsorbed only in the interstitial channels between triangular packed nanotubes. In the heat-treated (HT) nanotubes with open ends, the gases are adsorbed first in the inside of tubes, and next in the interstitial channels. In each site, gases can be adsorbed with the stoichiometory of C_<20>N_2 or C_<20>O_2 as a monolayer. These results indicate that the inside of nanotube has strong affinity for gas adsorption than the interstitial channels of bundles.

type:text, 29Si, 23Na, 137Ba, and 135Ba NMR experiments were carried out in the superconducting silicon clathrate compound NaxBaySi46 to study the electronic states above the superconducting transition temperature. We observed three distinct 29Si signals with different Knight shift (2036, 862, and 720 ppm at 90 K with a small temperature dependence of ∼10%), which were ascribed to inequivalent Si sites in the Si46 structure. The results indicate that the conduction-electron spin and/or charge density is strongly site-dependent. At all the atomic sites, the Korringa relation in NMR relaxation was observed, indicative of metallic electronic structure with moderate electronic correlation. The Na and Ba atoms are partially ionized in NaxBaySi46, which shows the noticeable difference from the system of alkali-metal-doped fullerides. The comparison with band calculations is discussed.

29Si, 23Na, 137Ba, and 135Ba NMR experiments were carried out in the superconducting silicon clathrate compound NaxBaySi46 to study the electronic states above the superconducting transition temperature. We observed three distinct 29Si signals with different Knight shift (2036, 862, and 720 ppm at 90 K with a small temperature dependence of ∼10%), which were ascribed to inequivalent Si sites in the Si46 structure. The results indicate that the conduction-electron spin and/or charge density is strongly site-dependent. At all the atomic sites, the Korringa relation in NMR relaxation was observed, indicative of metallic electronic structure with moderate electronic correlation. The Na and Ba atoms are partially ionized in NaxBaySi46, which shows the noticeable difference from the system of alkali-metal-doped fullerides. The comparison with band calculations is discussed.

We report 15N nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and the nitrogen-isotope effect studies on c-axis oriented sample of Li-doped HfNCl with superconducting transition temperature Tc~25.5 K. 15N NMR Knight shift decreases toward zero below Tc, giving evidence that the pairing symmetry is an even-parity spin singlet, and that the nitrogen site plays an important role in the occurrence of superconductivity. A nitrogen isotope shift is found to be quite small, ∇Tc~0.1 K (N = 0.07±0.02), which cannot reproduce such a high Tc within the traditional BCS framework.

29Si, 23Na, 137Ba, and 135Ba NMR experiments were carried out in the superconducting silicon clathrate compound NaxBaySi46 to study the electronic states above the superconducting transition temperature. We observed three distinct 29Si signals with different Knight shift (2036, 862, and 720 ppm at 90 K with a small temperature dependence of ∼10%), which were ascribed to inequivalent Si sites in the Si46 structure. The results indicate that the conduction-electron spin and/or charge density is strongly site-dependent. At all the atomic sites, the Korringa relation in NMR relaxation was observed, indicative of metallic electronic structure with moderate electronic correlation. The Na and Ba atoms are partially ionized in NaxBaySi46, which shows the noticeable difference from the system of alkali-metal-doped fullerides. The comparison with band calculations is discussed.

Thermal expansion coefficient in single-walled carbon nanotube bundles was determined as (-0.15±0.20)×10-5 (1/K) for the tube diameter and (0.75±0.25)×10-5 (1/K) for the triangular lattice constant by means of x-ray scattering between 300 K to 950 K. The value for the intertube gap was (4.2±1.4)×10-5 (1/K), which is larger than 2.6×10-5 (1/K) for the c-axis thermal expansion in graphite. The results reveal the presence of a remarkably larger lattice anharmonicity in nanotube bundles than that of graphite. The small value for the tube diameter is consistent with the seamless tube structure formed by a strong covalent bond between carbon atoms comparable to that in graphite.

X-ray diffraction study of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) grown by arc discharge in hydrogen atmosphere is presented. It is found that the thermal-expansion coefficient along the radial direction of MWNT is widely distributed in a range from 1.6×10-5 K-1 to 2.6×10-5 K-1, indicating the existence of both of Russian doll MWNT and highly defective MWNT. Russian doll MWNT is suggested to have the outer diameter less than ∼100 Å . Thicker MWNT's are typically highly defective, and may have the jelly roll (scroll) or defective polygonal structure consisting of flat graphite domains.