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Dataset: Mussel Adhesive Plaques - pH and aging, Data generated from laboratory experiments that investigated the influence of seawater pH and byssal thread age on plaque attachment. Mussels (M. trossulus) were collected from Penn Cove Shellfish, Penn Cove, Coupeville, Washington, USA (48°13′N 122°42′W) and held in experimental aquaria at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington, USA for up to 14 days. Mussels produced threads over the course of 4 hrs that were incubated in a range of pH conditions for up to 20 days. Adhesive plaques were then pulled to failure to determine adhesion strength. These data accompany the manuscript (George, M.N. and Carrington, E. 2018) For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/783882, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1041213

Dataset: Mussel Adhesive Plaques - pH and oxygen fluctuations, Data generated from laboratory experiments that investigated the influence of fluctuating environmental conditions on the attachment strength of byssal threads as they aged. Mussels (M. trossulus) were collected from Penn Cove Shellfish, Quilcene Bay, Quilcene, Washington, USA Penn Cove Shellfish hatchery, Quilcene Bay, Quilcene, Washington, USA [47°47’48.0” N, 122°51”16.6” W] and held in experimental aquaria at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington, USA for up to 14 days. Mussels produced threads over the course of 4 hrs that were aged in fluctuating oxygen and pH conditions for up to 20 days. Adhesive plaques were then pulled to failure to determine adhesion strength. A second cohort of mussels was placed in static pH and Oxygen treatments, recording the number of threads produced by each over one week. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/785238, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1041213

Dataset: Mussel Adhesive Plaques - dissolved oxygen, salinity, and temperature, Data generated from laboratory experiments that investigated the influence of the dissolved oxygen concentration, salinity, and temperature of seawater on plaque attachment as the material aged. Mussels (M. trossulus) were collected from Penn Cove Shellfish, Quilcene Bay, Quilcene, Washington, USA [47°47’42.0” N, 122°51”10.8” W] and held experimental aquaria at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington, USA for up to 14 days. Mussels produced threads over the course of 4 hrs that were incubated in a range of dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity conditions for up to 12 days. Adhesive plaques were then pulled to failure to determine adhesion strength. These data accompany the manuscript (George, M.N., Pedigo, B., and Carrington, E. 2018). For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/784377, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1041213

Blue mussels (Mytilus trossulus) were transplanted in cages for three months in two Swedish coastal areas in the Bothnian Sea (northern Baltic Sea) to investigate the interactions between analysed environmental chemicals and biological responses. A wide array of biological parameters (biomarkers) including antioxidant and biotransformation activity, geno-, cyto- and neurotoxic effects, phagocytosis, bioenergetic status and heart rate were measured to detect the possible effects of contaminants. Integrated Biomarker Response index and Principal Component Analysis performed on the individual biological response data were able to discriminate between the two study areas as well as the contaminated sites from their respective local reference sites. The two contaminated sites outside the cities of Sundsvall (station 51) and Gavle (station G1) were characterised by different biomarker response patterns. Mussels at station S1 showed a low condition index, increased heart rate recovery time and phagocytosis activity coinciding with the highest tissue concentrations of some trace metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organotins. At station G1 the highest organochlorine pesticide concentration was recorded as well as elevations in glutathione S-transferase activity, thiamine content and low lysosomal membrane stability. Significant variability in the geno- and cytotoxic responses and bioenergetic status was also observed at the different caging stations. The results obtained suggest that different chemical mixtures present in the study areas cause variable biological response patterns in organisms., AuthorCount:10

The blue mussel Mytilus trossulus occurs in the Pacific and in the North Atlantic. We developed and characterized six microsatellite loci for Baltic M. trossulus. Seventeen microsatellite loci were screened, of which six were polymorphic. The number of alleles among 50 individuals ranged from 3 to 13 and the observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.09-0.46 and 0.34-0.86, respectively. The loci were also tested for cross amplification in M. edulis, in which four of the six microsatellite loci were successfully amplified., authorCount :3

Spines are frequently considered to be an important physical defense against predators. This experiment shows that spines do not always function successfully as physical protection. Using natural predators and prey (the drilling muricid gastropod Nucella lamellosa (Gmelin 1791) and the mussel Mytilus trossulus (Gould 1850)) this experiment used artificial spines in different configurations and densities to try to assess the role of spines as predatory defense. The presence of spines did not inhibit the predator from choosing ornamented prey. Greater spine density did not improve the probability of surviving a predator encounter. Although mean handling time increased to some extent with higher spine density, the outcome of the encounter was the same. Presence or density of spines did not deter predators from attacking prey, and experimental prey with greater spine-density experienced greater mortality than did specimens with fewer spines. Drillhole dimensions differed slightly between the treatments, probably as a consequence of difficulties for the gastropod to maneuver its accessory boring organ (ABO) in between the spines.

Invasive aquatic species can pose serious ecological and economic threats to coastal habitats. Although the mechanisms by which invasive species are introduced are generally well understood, and frequently caused by discharging ballast water, less is known about the physiological characterists that allow an invasive species to proliferate so successfully.

[Abstract] We have analyzed natural polyploidy in a population of “Mytilus trossulus” from Vancouver Island (British Columbia, Canada) by means of cytogenetic techniques. Results obtained are the first reporting on this type of numerical chromosome aberrations in mussels.

La quantité de matière organique et sa valeur énergétique ont été évaluées pour les coquilles de Cerastoderma glaucum, Macoma balthica et Mytilus trossulus de la baie de Gdansk, par extraction chimique et microcalorimétrie. Le contenu moyen en matière organique varie de 0,54% chez C.glaucum, à 5,21 % chez M. balthica et 5,92% chez M. trossulus. La valeur énergétique de la matière organique de la coquille varie entre 15,15 (± 1.41) j .mg-1 chez M. balthica, 20,17 (± 1,60) j.mg-1 chez M. trossulus et 23,88 (± l ,56) j.mg-1 chez C. glaucum. Le contenu en matière organique de la coquille et sa valeur énergétique sont spécifiques, et corrélés avec la microdistribution géographique (facteurs de l'environnement) de la population, ou avec le type de sédiment. Des changements saisonniers ont aussi été observés. Des coquilles de M. trossulus de 25-50 mm de longueur ont un contenu en matière organique plus élevé (5,5 à 6,19%), mais celui-ci a une valeur énergétique plus faible (18,92 à 19,99 J.mg·1 ) que celles de 5-25 mm (5,27 à 5,61% et 20,59· à 21,09 J.mg-1 respectivement). Le contenu énergétique accumulé dans la coquille represente entre 5,4% du contenu énergétique total chez C. glaucum, 17,6% chez M,' balthica et. 22,3% chez M. trossulus, et joue donc un rôle important dans le budget énergétique de ces bivalves, The amount of organic matter and its energy values in shells of Cerastoderma glaucum, Macoma balthica and Mytilus trossulus from the Gulf of Gdansk were estimated by chemical extraction and by microcalorimetry. The mean organic matter content varied from 0.54% in C.glaucum, to 5.21 % in M. baIthica and 5.92% in M. trossulus. Energy values of shell organic matter ranged from 15.15 (± 1.41) j.mg-1 in M. balthica to 20.17 (± 1.60) j.mg-1 in M. trossulus and 23.88 (± 1.56) j.mg-1 in C. glaucum. Organic content and energy value of shells were specifie and related ta microgeographic distribution (environmental factors) of the population / or sediment type. Seasonal changes of these parameters were also obseryed . M. trossulus shells of 25-50 mm in length showed higher organic matter content (5.5 to 6.19%), but lower energy value (18.92 to 19.99 j.mg-1) than those of 5-25 mm length (5.27 to 5.61% and 20.59 to 21.09 j.mg-1 respectively). The energy content accumulated in the shell represented from 5.4% of total energy content in C. glaucum to 17.6% in M. balthica and 22.3% in M. trossulus, and therefore plays an important role in the bivalves energy budget.

[Abstract] The karyotypes and the nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) of “M. californianus” and “M. trossulus” from the Pacific coast are reported here for the first time. The karyotypes show seven metacentric and seven submetacentric chromosome pairs. In “M. californianus”, nucleolar organizer regions appear located in terminal position on the short arm of one metacentric chromosome pair and of one submetacentric. A third Ag-NOR is located near to the telomere region on the short arm of one submetacentric. In “M. trossulus”, Ag- NORs appear terminally located on the short arms of two metacentric chromosome pairs and on the short and long arms of one submetacentric. The comparison of the karyotypes and Ag-NORs among the species of mussels from the Pacific and European coasts shows remarkable differences.