Search

Das Mammakarzinom ist eine der am häufigsten diagnostizierten Krebserkrankungen bei Frauen in Deutschland. Dank neuer Diagnostikverfahren, wie z.B. Mammographie-Screenings, ist die frühzeitige Erkennung von Mammakarzinomen mit einer Reduktion der Mortalität verbunden. Dennoch ist die Inzidenz von Knochenmetastasen bei Mammakarzinom-Patientinnen mit ca. 73 % im Vergleich zu anderen Krebsarten auffällig hoch. Diese können zu skelettbezogenen Komplikationen führen, wie z.B. Rückenmarkskompressionen und pathologischen Knochenbrüchen. Dadurch wird die Lebensqualität der Patientinnen stark eingeschränkt. Es besteht daher ein großes klinisches Interesse, die Pathogenese von Knochenmetastasen bei Mammakarzinomen besser zu verstehen. Somit können neue Strategien für die Prädiktion und die gezielte Therapie von Knochenmetastasen bei Mammakarzinom-Patientinnen entwickelt werden. Frühere Studien haben gezeigt, dass die Zellmorphologie als Resultat der biochemischen und biophysischen Merkmale von Tumorzellen Informationen über das Metastasierungspotential von Mammakarzinomzellen liefern könnte. Der Fokus dieser Arbeit liegt daher auf dem Zusammenhang zwischen Morphologie und Osteotropismus von Mammakarzinom-Zelllinien, um einen ersten deskriptiven Ansatz zu geben. Dabei wurden verschiedene in vitro-Eigenschaften von einem Zelllinien-Modell aus unterschiedlichen osteotropen Mammakarzinomzellen näher beleuchtet und miteinander verglichen. Dieses in vitro-Modell umfasst die hoch osteotropen Zelllinien, MDA-MB-231MET (MET) und MDA MB 231BONE (BONE) sowie die parentale Zelllinie, MDA-MB-231. Die morphologische Untersuchung ergab 7 unterschiedliche Morphotypen, welche in allen untersuchten Zelllinien in einem stabilen Verhältnis vorlagen. Die Verteilung der Morphotypen war für die jeweilige Zelllinie spezifisch. Bei hoher Konfluenz zeigten MDA-MB-231 und MET ein Wachstum in Einzelzellschicht, während BONE-Zellen dazu tendierten, in vertikaler Ausrichtung zu wachsen. Die eng geknüpften, Mamma carcinoma is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in women in Germany. Due to new diagnostic procedures, such as mammography screening, the early detection of mamma carcinoma is associated with a reduction in mortality. Nevertheless, the incidence of bone metastases in mamma carcinoma patients is strikingly high compared to other cancer types, at around 73%. These can lead to major skeletal complications such as spinal cord compression and pathological bone fractures. Thus, the patients' quality of life is severely impacted. Therefore it is of great clinical interest to better understand the pathogenesis of bone metastasis in mamma carcinoma. This will lead to the development of new strategies for the prediction and targeted treatment of bone metastases in mamma carcinoma patients. Previous studies have shown that cell morphology as a result of the biochemical and biophysical properties of tumor cells could provide information about the metastatic potential of mamma carcinoma cells. Therefore, this work focuses on the relationship between morphology and osteotropism of mamma carcinoma cell lines to provide a first descriptive approach. Various in vitro properties of a cell line model comprising different osteotropic mamma carcinoma cell lines were examined and compared with each other. This in vitro model consists of the highly osteotropic cell lines, MDA MB 231MET (MET) and MDA MB 231BONE (BONE), as well as the parental cell line, MDA MB 231. The morphological examination revealed 7 different morphotypes, which were present in a stable ratio in all examined cell lines. The distribution of morphotypes was unique for each cell line. At high confluence, MDA-MB-231 and MET showed growth in a single cell layer, whereas BONE cells tended to grow in a vertical orientation. At low cell density, the tight junctions in MET and BONE were more pronounced than in MDA MB 231. As soon as the cell density further increased, these junctions disappeared in the highly o

The Outlander series, both the novel and the TV show, have considerably risen in status within the historical drama genre ever since their release. The show has been praised for its depiction of the female gaze and its authenticity to historical facts. However, some have expressed criticism of the way it stereotypically depicts the Scottish and French cultures in the show. To date, no academic research has been dedicated to this topic. Therefore, this thesis explored the representation of these cultures in the TV show Outlander (2014). It did so through an inductive approach based on the materials presented in the first and second seasons. The research was embedded in the theory of imagology by outlining past and current to trace the extent these were used to represent the Scottish and French culture and whether it created a stereotypical image. This was done by considering what techniques and aspects Outlander employed to depict a set of ethnotypes for each culture. Additionally, the thesis considered the role of genre in light of these presented ethnotypes due to the prominence of authenticity within this genre which impacts the cultural representation. The results have shown that the show relies on existing ethnotypes to create an authentic image thereby perpetuating a stereotypical image of these cultures. Simultaneously, it also depicts a more nuanced image of certain cultural stereotypes.

Participation in authentic research in the field and online through Community and Citizen Science (CCS) has shown to bring learning benefits to volunteers. In online CCS, available platforms present distinct features, ranging from scaffolding the process of data collection, to supporting data analysis and enabling volunteers to initiate their own studies. What is yet not well understood is how best to design CCS programmes that are educational, inclusive, and accessible by diverse volunteers, including young people and those with limited prior science experiences who are rather few in CCS. In this study, we interviewed 31 young people, aged 7-20 years old, who used iNaturalist, an online biodiversity monitoring platform, and identified how different forms of participation online and in the field facilitated (or inhibited) certain forms of learning, as defined by the Environmental Science Agency framework. Findings revealed that iNaturalist enabled participation of young people including those with limited science experiences and facilitated science learning such as the development of science competence and understanding. A blended learning framework for biodiversity monitoring in CCS is presented as a means to support the development of hybrid, educational, and inclusive CCS programmes for young people.

Vasos comunicantes entre los grados en Diseño y Bellas Artes de la UCM Laboratorios transdisciplinares: #2 La lectura inspiradora del diseño editorial, la ilustración y el fanzine. Ida y vuelta de lo digital a lo manual es un proyecto de innovación docente desarrollado en la Facultad de Bellas Artes durante el curso 2023-2024 y que trata de vincular los grados de Bellas Artes y Diseño a través de proyectos en común en torno al diseño editorial, la ilustración y el fanzine.

IntroductionAdverse sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes, such as unplanned pregnancies and HIV infection, disproportionately affect adolescent girls and young women (AGYW; aged 15-24 years) in east Africa. Increasing uptake of preventive SRH services via innovative, youth-centred interventions is imperative to addressing disparities in SRH outcomes.Methods and analysisFrom 2018 to 2019, we used human-centred design to co-develop a theoretically driven HIV and pregnancy prevention intervention for AGYW at private drug shops called Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets (ADDOs) in Tanzania. The result, Malkia Klabu (Queen Club), was a customer loyalty programme designed to strengthen ADDOs' role as SRH providers while encouraging uptake of critical SRH prevention products among AGYW. Malkia Klabu members had access to free contraceptives and oral HIV self-test (HIVST) kits and earned punches on a loyalty card for other shop purchases; punches were redeemable for small prizes. Our pilot among 40 shops showed that intervention ADDOs had higher AGYW patronage and distributed more HIVST kits and contraceptives to AGYW relative to business-as-usual (ie, client purchasing) comparison shops. We will conduct a cluster-randomised controlled trial (c-RCT) among 120-140 ADDOs in 40 health catchment areas in Shinyanga and Mwanza Regions (Lake Zone), Tanzania. ADDO shop recruitment includes a 1-month run-in with a tablet-based electronic inventory management system for tracking shop transactions, followed by enrolment, randomisation and a 24-month trial period. Our c-RCT evaluating the human-centred design-derived intervention will assess population impact on the primary outcomes of HIV diagnoses and antenatal care registrations, measured with routine health facility data. We will also assess secondary outcomes focusing on mechanisms of action, evaluate programme exposure and AGYW behaviour change in interviews with AGYW, and assess shop-level implementation strategies and f

Workplace Spirituality and Organization Citizenship Behavior (OCB): Employee Engagement Mediation. Objective: The study aimed to analyze the role of employee engagement as a mediating variable in the relationship that occurs between workplace spirituality and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Methods: This research is explanatory, using structural equation modeling as a data analysis technique. Data were collected from teachers of state elementary schools in Langkat District, Deli Serdang District, and Medan City, where the total population was 19,096. By using the Slovin method, a sample was determined to be 391 people, from which the researchers selected teachers with the status of civil servant and government employees with employment agreements. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to research respondents, where the number of questionnaires declared valid was 247. Findings: The results showed that workplace spirituality and employee engagement have a positive effect on OCB; workplace spirituality has a positive effect on employee engagement; and employee engagement acts as a mediating variable in the relationship between workplace spirituality and OCB. Conclusion: Teachers, as an important element in the world of education, are required to always be engaged and show OCB, both towards students, colleagues and the school where they work. With this, teachers will enjoy their work and feel that their work is like educating their own children. Keywords: Workplace spirituality, organizational citizenship behavior, employee engagement.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jpp.v14.i1.202420

This paper describes the occurrence of multiple parasitic infection with special reference to emerging haemotropic Mycoplasma ovis. A cross-sectional survey of four selected goat flocks was conducted to collect samples and management information. Blood samples were processed using microhaematocrit centrifugation to determine the packed cell volume (PCV). Detection and morphological identification of blood protozoa and haemotropic Mycoplasma ovis from Giemsa-stained smears were done microscopically. M. ovis infection was classified mild (1-29% infected cells), moderate (30-59% infected cells), or severe (above 60% infected cells). Faecal floatation and McMaster faecal egg count were used to detect and classify strongyle infections as negative (no eggs/oocysts), light (< 500 epg), Moderate (500 – 1000 epg), or severe (>1000 epg) and coccidia infection as light (<1800 opg), moderate (1800 – 6000 opg), or severe (>6000 opg). There were 149 goats with blood protozoa (57.98%; 95% CI: 51.87 – 63.85) and 204 goats with GI parasites (79.38%; 95% CI: 74.02 - 83.87) involved in single (15.8%; 95% CI: 11.7 – 21.0) or multiple (84.2%; 95% CI: 79.0 – 88.3) infections. The risk of Strongyles increases by 2.49 (95% CI: 1.24 – 4.99) in females versus males and 6.79 (95% CI: 3.25 – 14.18, p =0.000) in adults versus young. The risk of Eimeria species increases by 7.32 (95% CI: 3.45 – 15.50, p =0.000) in adults versus young, while M. ovis coinfection risk increases by 4.51 (95% CI: 1.40 – 14.50, p =0.000) in female versus males. Thin animals had a significantly higher (p<0.05) mean burden of Strongyle (1370.37 ± 345.49) and Eimeria (1594.12 ± 695.26) than the moderate and fat goats. The PCV was negatively associated with mean faecal egg count (FEC) (p<0.05) such that a lower PCV was recorded in animals with a higher Strongyle epg output. A severe burden of M. ovis was accompanied by an increased nematode FEC and decreased haematocrit (p<0.05). Coinfections of Strongyles, or Eimeria spe

Antibiotics are one of the highest used drugs in the world. Relatively high use of antibiotics can increase the risk of antibiotic resistance. Based on several studies in Indonesia, the use of antibiotics in several Public health center shows the high use of antibiotics. This study aims to find out how antibiotics are used at the Pekan Heran health center in 2019-2022 using the ATC/DDD method and to see changes in the profile of antibiotic use based on the 90% DU profile which is calculated in units of DDD/1000 KPRJ. In this study, there were 8 drugs used at Pekan Heran Public Health Center, namelyamoxicillin, clindamyycin, erythromycin, cefixime, contrimoxazol, metronidazole, chloramphanicol and cefadroxil. Data collection was obtained from the Pekan Heran Public health center. The data processing uses the ATC / DDD method which is processed using Microsoft Excel. The results show that the quantity of antibiotic use has always fluctuating during the 2019-2022 period. The highest use of antibiotic drugs was in 2019 amounting to 708,233 DDD / 1000 KPRJ, and the smallest use was in 2021 amounting to 1,157 DDD / 1000 KPRJ. The profile of the use of antibiotic drugs at the Pekan Heran Public health centerfor the period 2019-2022 was based on DU90%, namely amoxicillin, erythromycin and metronidazole. Amoxicillin is the highest drug used with a percentage in 2019, namely 48,006%, in 2020 amounting to 58,054%, in 2021 it was 27,072%, in 2022 it was equal to 28,437%, Antibiotik merupakan salah satu obat yang penggunaannya tertinggi di dunia. Penggunaan antibiotik yang relatif tinggi dapat meningkatkan resiko resistensi antibiotik. Berdasarkan beberapa penelitian di Indonesia penggunaan antibiotik di beberapa puskesmas menunjukan banyaknya penggunaan antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan antibiotik di puskesmas Pekan Heran pada tahun 2019-2022 dengan metode ATC/DDD dan melihat perubahan profil penggunaan antibiotic berdasarkan profil DU 90% yang dihitung dalam satuan DDD/1000 KPRJ. Dalam penelitian ini terdapat 8 antibiotik yang digunakan di Puskesmas Pekan Heran yaitu amoksisilin, clindamisin, eritromisin, cefixime, kontrimoksazol, metronidazol, kloramfenikol dan cefadroksil. Pengumpulan data di dapat dari Rekam Medik pasien Puskesmas Pekan Heran, pengolahan data menggunakan metode ATC/DDD yang diolah menggunakan microsoft excel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan kuantitas penggunaan antibiotic mengalami fluktuatif selama periode 2019-2022. Penggunaan obat antibiotic tertinggi yaitu pada tahun 2019 sebesar 708,233 DDD/1000 KPRJ, dan penggunaan terendah yaitu pada tahun 2021 sebesar 1,157 DDD/1000 KPRJ. Profil penggunaan antibiotik di Puskesmas Pekan Heran periode 2019-2022 berdasarkan DU 90% yaitu amoksisilin, eritromisin dan metronidazol. Amoksisilin adalah obat yang paling tertinggi yang digunakan dengan persentase pada tahun 2019 sebesar 48,006%, tahun 2020 sebesar 58,054%, tahun 2021 sebesar 27,072% dan tahun 2022 sebesar 28,437%.

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a debilitating disease characterized by thrombotic occlusion of pulmonary arteries and vasculopathy, leading to increased pulmonary vascular resistance and progressive right-sided heart failure. Thrombotic lesions in CTEPH contain CD68+ macrophages, and increasing evidence supports their role in disease pathogenesis. Macrophages are classically divided into pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, which are involved in wound healing and tissue repair. Currently, the phenotype of macrophages and their localization within thrombotic lesions of CTEPH are largely unknown. In our study, we subclassified thrombotic lesions of CTEPH patients into developing fresh thrombi (FT) and organized thrombi (OT), based on the degree of fibrosis and remodeling. We used multiplex immunofluorescence histology to identify immune cell infiltrates in thrombotic lesions of CPTEH patients. Utilizing software-assisted cell detection and quantification, increased proportions of macrophages were observed in immune cell infiltrates of OT lesions, compared with FT. Strikingly, the proportions with a CD206+INOS− M2 phenotype were significantly higher in OT than in FT, which mainly contained unpolarized macrophages. Taken together, we observed a shift from unpolarized macrophages in FT toward an expanded population of M2 macrophages in OT, indicating a dynamic role of macrophages during CTEPH pathogenesis.

The apparently contradictory co-existence of high levels of gender equality and intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) found in Nordic countries has been termed the Nordic Paradox. The aim of this study was to examine how the Nordic Paradox is discussed and explained by Spanish professionals working in the IPVAW field. Five focus groups (n = 19) and interviews with key informants (n = 10) were conducted. Four main categories of possible explanations for the Nordic Paradox were identified: Macro-micro disconnect (i.e., discordance between individual beliefs and behaviors and macro-social norms of gender equality), IPVAW as multicausal (i.e., IPVAW defined as a multicausal phenomenon that does not necessarily have to be associated with gender equality), cultural patterns of social relationships (i.e., the role of social relationships and the way people relate to each other in the Nordic countries), and backlash effect (i.e., men’s reaction to greater equality for women). Although this study does not provide a final explanation for the Nordic paradox, its results provide us with a better understanding of the phenomenon and can help to advance research in this field.

To acquire or retain a higher quality breeding site, individuals may occupy sites outside the breeding season, with those investing more time and energy in this benefiting from improved breeding success. However, despite this benefit, the occupancy patterns of individuals may vary. Occupancy may be influenced by the distance individuals travel from breeding sites during the nonbreeding season; individuals nearer the colony may undertake occupancy earlier and more frequently than conspecifics because of shorter commuting distances from migration and foraging locations. Occupancy may also be energetically costly and affect how individuals are able to allocate their time to other key behaviours such as foraging. However, our understanding of how occupancy behaviour relates to an individual's distribution and ability to balance time and energy allocated to other behaviours is limited. Using data from a population of common guillemots, Uria aalge, a colonially breeding seabird, on the Isle of May, U.K., we investigated how nonbreeding occupancy of breeding sites is related to at-sea distribution, and how much energy and time individuals allocate to behaviours throughout the nonbreeding season We used bird-borne geolocators and time-depth recorders to record distribution and estimate time allocated to behaviours including occupancy, flight and foraging. Individuals that remained nearer to the colony before their first return then returned earlier and had shorter bouts of absence thereafter. Individuals also experienced a trade-off in the time spent in occupancy or foraging. Our data allowed us to estimate the increase in foraging efficiency required to offset the lost foraging time in individuals that occupied breeding sites. Overall, despite its known benefits, individuals varied in their timing and pattern of occupancy. We suggest that achieving consistently high breeding success, via nonbreeding season occupancy, may depend on an individual's distribution and ability t

In this paper, we give sufficient conditions for the absolute N¨orlund summability of double Fourier series. In particular, we get sufficient conditions for the absolute Ces`aro summability of double Fourier series. We also give sufficient conditions for regularity in the sense of Hardy of N¨orlund summability for a double sequence.

This thesis aims to investigate the reasons behind the rise of femicides in Greece during the COVID-19 outbreak, focusing on the impact of the pandemic on societal factors. It will ex-plore the country's legislative framework and its perspective on women, examining how these factors influenced the rise of female homicide during the coronavirus outbreak. Special atten-tion will be given to the effect of strict quarantine measures and their potential correlation with the increase in femicides. The study will employ a qualitative research method, utilizing both primary and secondary sources, including numerical data and sociological references. The research will explore two main hypotheses: first, whether the increase in femicides in Greece is linked to the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting quarantine measures, and sec-ond, whether the limited development of feminism in Greece contributes to the perception of women as inferior to men. These hypotheses will be analysed using two theories: social iso-lation theory which supports that minimal social interactions and connections affect an indi-vidual's mental and physical health, and feminist theory, which argues that patriarchy renders women inferior to men, leading to their abuse. The analysis of these aspects will be detailed throughout the paper.

Background: Exaggerated lung strain and stress could damage lungs in anesthetized children. The authors hypothesized that the association of capnoperitoneum and lung collapse in anesthetized children increases lung strain-stress. Their primary aim was to describe the impact of capnoperitoneum on lung strain-stress and the effects of an individualized protective ventilation during laparoscopic surgery in children. Methods: The authors performed an observational cohort study in healthy children aged 3 to 7 yr scheduled for laparoscopic surgery in a community hospital. All received standard protective ventilation with 5 cm H2O of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Children were evaluated before capnoperitoneum, during capnoperitoneum before and after lung recruitment and optimized PEEP (PEEP adjusted to get end-expiratory transpulmonary pressure of 0), and after capnoperitoneum with optimized PEEP. The presence of lung collapse was evaluated by lung ultrasound, positive Air-Test (oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry 96% or less breathing 21% O2 for 5 min), and negative end-expiratory transpulmonary pressure. Lung strain was calculated as tidal volume/end-expiratory lung volume measured by capnodynamics, and lung stress as the end-inspiratory transpulmonary pressure. Results: The authors studied 20 children. Before capnoperitoneum, mean lung strain was 0.20 ± 0.07 (95% CI, 0.17 to 0.23), and stress was 5.68 ± 2.83 (95% CI, 4.44 to 6.92) cm H2O. During capnoperitoneum, 18 patients presented lung collapse and strain (0.29 ± 0.13; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.35; P < 0.001) and stress (5.92 ± 3.18; 95% CI, 4.53 to 7.31 cm H2O; P = 0.374) increased compared to before capnoperitoneum. During capnoperitoneum and optimized PEEP, children presenting lung collapse were recruited and optimized PEEP was 8.3 ± 2.2 (95% CI, 7.3 to 9.3) cm H2O. Strain returned to values before capnoperitoneum (0.20 ± 0.07; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.22; P = 0.318), but lung stress increased (7.29 ± 2.67

Fungi colonizing plants are gaining attention because of their ability to promote plant growth and suppress pathogens. While most studies focus on endosymbionts from grasses and legumes, the large and diverse group of ericaceous plants has been much neglected. We recently described one of the very few fungal endophytes promoting the growth of the Ericaceae Vaccinium macrocarpon (American cranberry), notably the Codinaeella isolate EC4. Here, we show that EC4 also suppresses fungal pathogens, which makes it a promising endophyte for sustainable cranberry cultivation. By dual-culture assays on agar plates, we tested the potential growth suppression (or biocontrol) of EC4 on other microbes, notably 12 pathogenic fungi and one oomycete reported to infect not only cranberry but also blueberry, strawberry, tomato plants, rose bushes and olive trees. Under greenhouse conditions, EC4 protects cranberry plantlets infected with one of the most notorious cranberry-plant pathogens, Diaporthe vaccinii, known to cause upright dieback and berry rot. The nuclear genome sequence of EC4 revealed a large arsenal of genes potentially involved in biocontrol. About ∼60 distinct clusters of genes are homologs of secondary metabolite gene clusters, some of which were shown in other fungi to synthesize nonribosomal peptides and polyketides, but in most cases, the exact compounds these clusters may produce are unknown. The EC4 genome also encodes numerous homologs of hydrolytic enzymes known to degrade fungal cell walls. About half of the nearly 250 distinct glucanases and chitinases are likely involved in biocontrol because they are predicted to be secreted outside the cell. Transcriptome analysis shows that the expression of about a quarter of the predicted secondary-metabolite gene clusters and glucan and chitin-degrading genes of EC4 is stimulated when it is co-cultured with D. vaccinii. Some of the differentially expressed EC4 genes are alternatively spliced

This article analyzes the relationship between social media and online games and the Islamic religious education learning outcomes of students at the Private Junior High School of the Republic of Indonesia Teachers Association (PGRI) 4 in Jambi City. This article comes from quantitative research using hypothesis testing with the product moment correlation test. Data collection techniques for social media and online games are carried out by distributing questionnaires distributed directly by researchers and documentation. The population is all students of class VII and class VIII of the Private Junior High School of the Republic of Indonesia Teachers Association (PGRI) 4 Jambi City, totaling 66 students. Data analysis techniques include data tabulation, validity test, reliability test, normality test, and hypothesis test. The research results show that: (1) The first working hypothesis is accepted with a relationship strength of 25%. (2) The second working hypothesis is accepted with a relationship strength of 82%. (3) The third working hypothesis is accepted with a relationship strength of 82%. Artikel ini menganalisis bagaimana hubungan media sosial dan game online dengan hasil belajar pendidikan agama Islam siswa Sekolah Menengah pertama Swasta Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia (PGRI) 4 di Kota Jambi. Artikel ini berasal dari penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan uji hipotesis dengan uji korelasi product moment. Teknik pengumpulan data untuk media sosial dan game online dilakukan dengan penyebaran angket yang disebarkan langsung oleh peneliti dan dokumentasi. Populasinya adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII dan kelas VIII Sekolah Menengah pertama Swasta Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia (PGRI) 4 Kota Jambi yang berjumlah 66 siswa. Teknik analisis data meliputi tabulasi data, uji validitas, uji realibilitas, uji normalitas, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Hipotesis kerja pertama diterima dengan kekuatan hubungan 25%. (2) Hipotesis kerja

Die steigende Aufmerksamkeit für das Konzept der Customer Experience hat zu einer signifikanten Zunahme wissenschaftlicher Veröffentlichungen geführt. Dabei ist die Schaffung einer positiven Customer Experience heute ein zentrales Ziel des Managements. Eine bedeutende Komponente der Customer Experience sind die Brand Communities, die von Unternehmen verstärkt genutzt werden, um die Verbindung zur Zielgruppe zu stärken. Innerhalb der Hochschulen spielen Studentengemeinschaften eine wichtige Rolle als Brand Community. Ehemalige Absolvierende sind von entscheidender Bedeutung für den Erfolg von Hochschulen, insbesondere angesichts sinkender Studierendenzahlen und des wachsenden Drucks von Stakeholder:innen und Studierenden. Im Vergleich zu früheren Jahren erkennen Organisationen zunehmend die erheblichen Vorteile einer Ausrichtung und Integration von akademischen und studentischen Angelegenheiten sowie Alumni-Diensten auf gemeinsame Ziele und Zielsetzungen. Das Ziel dieser Bachelorarbeit besteht darin, eine angemessene Alumni Customer Experience zu gestalten und die relevanten Faktoren für eine positive Customer Experience zu identifizieren. Die vorliegende Untersuchung basiert auf einer umfassenden Literaturrecherche, die sich mit den theoretischen Grundlagen des Forschungsfeldes der Customer Experience, speziell im Kontext von Brand Communities und der Alumni-Beziehung als Customer Experience- und Community Management, befasst. Zusätzlich wurden sieben halbstrukturierte Interviews mit Expert:innen durchgeführt, deren Auswertung auf der Grounded Theory basiert. Dabei wurden fünf Verhaltensmuster identifiziert, die die Mitgliedschaft und Beteiligung innerhalb der Alumni-Community charakterisieren. Aufgrund des Rahmens der Arbeit wurde die Alumni Customer Experience auf den Typ «Career Boosters» ausgerichtet. Es wurde festgestellt, dass eine starke Alumni-Gemeinschaft und intrinsische Motivation sich positiv auf das Engagement und die Unterstützung der Alumni auswirken.

When designing community strategies for disaster risk management, it must be taken into account that people interpret their risk status based on their culture, experiences or economic rationality, factors that promote or not their interest in participating in the groups that emphasize knowledge and disaster risk reduction processes in their communities. In order to investigate these factors, an investigation was carried out with the inhabitants of Medellín and the Metropolitan Area of Valle de Aburrá (Colombia). For this, a survey was applied to the inhabitants of the ten municipalities to identify the motivation for which they would be part of groups that work on the processes of knowledge and reduction of risk management; Next, the characteristics of the people who already make up this type of groups were determined in order to compare their traits; Then, the simulation game was played: Mechanism of Voluntary Contributions (MCV), with the purpose of investigating how willing people are to contribute to a collective DRM project. The above was analyzed through descriptive statistics., A la hora de diseñar estrategias comunitarias para la Gestión de Riesgos de Desastres (GRD), hay que tener en cuenta que las personas interpretan su condición de riesgo basadas en su cultura, en sus experiencias o en su racionalidad económica: factores que promueven o no su interés en participar en los grupos que hacen énfasis en los procesos de conocimiento y reducción del riesgo de desastres en sus comunidades. Con el objetivo de indagar por esos factores individuales que los llevan a cooperar en estos proyectos colectivos, se realizó esta investigación con los habitantes de Medellín y el Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá (Colombia). Para esto, primero se aplicó una encuesta a los habitantes de los diez municipios, para identificar la motivación por la cual harían parte de grupos que trabajan los procesos de conocimiento y reducción de la gestión de riesgos. Segundo, se determinaron las características de las personas que ya integran ese tipo de grupos con el fin de comparar sus rasgos. Finalmente, se realizó el juego de simulación: Mecanismo de Contribuciones Voluntarias (MCV), con el propósito de indagar qué tan dispuestas están las personas a pertenecer a grupos que contribuyan a un “proyecto colectivo” de GRD. Lo anterior, se analizó a través de estadística descriptiva.

The article brings together reflections related to processes of social platformization and their consequences in public universities in Argentina. We find ourselves in a post-pandemic scenario, where a "new normal" allows us a certain distance from the period of pedagogical exceptionality. At the same time, emerging challenges are evident when experimenting with pedagogical modalities that surpass the traditional divisions between in-person and distance learning. We understand that the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated a series of pre-existing trends in the educational field. For that reason, we are interested in reconstructing macro processes that have been developing over a long period. To do this, we focus on certain informational dynamics, particularly those related to the advancements of platformization in the last decade, along with experiences and impressions regarding its implementation in higher education institutions in the province of Córdoba. Our investigations reveal, with some notable exceptions, a lack of problematization and planning of the new digital infrastructures required to address structural processes of transformation in social and educational practices. Methodologically, the study is based on conceptual contributions from various sources, as well as the systematization of teaching and educational management experiences., O artigo reúne reflexões relacionadas aos processos de plataformação social e suas consequências nas universidades públicas da Argentina. Encontramo-nos em um cenário pós-pandemia, onde uma "nova normalidade" nos permite uma certa distância do período de excepcionalidade pedagógica. Ao mesmo tempo, desafios emergentes são evidentes ao experimentar modalidades pedagógicas que superam as divisões tradicionais entre ensino presencial e a distância. Compreendemos que a pandemia de COVID-19 precipitou uma série de tendências pré-existentes no âmbito educacional. Por esse motivo, nos interessa reconstruir processos macro que vêm se estabelecendo há bastante tempo. Para isso, nos concentramos em certas dinâmicas informacionais, particularmente aquelas relacionadas aos avanços da plataformização na última década, juntamente com experiências e impressões sobre a implementação em instituições de educação superior na província de Córdoba. Nossas investigações revelam, exceto por importantes exceções, uma falta de problematização e planejamento das novas infraestruturas digitais necessárias, diante de processos estruturais de transformação das práticas sociais e educacionais. Metodologicamente, o trabalho se baseia em contribuições conceituais de diversas fontes, bem como na sistematização de experiências docentes e de gestão educacional., El artículo reúne reflexiones relacionadas con procesos de plataformización social y sus consecuencias en universidades públicas de Argentina. Nos ubicamos en un escenario post pandemia, donde una “nueva normalidad” nos permite una cierta distancia sobre el período de excepcionalidad pedagógica. Al mismo tiempo, se evidencian desafíos emergentes a la hora de experimentar con modalidades pedagógicas que superan las divisiones clásicas entre lo presencial y a distancia. Comprendemos que la pandemia de COVID-19 precipitó una serie de tendencias preexistentes en el ámbito educativo. Por ese motivo, nos interesa reconstruir procesos macro que vienen instalándose desde larga data. Para ello, hacemos foco en ciertas dinámicas informacionales, en particular aquellas relacionadas a los avances de la plataformización en la última década, junto a experiencias e impresiones sobre la implementación en instituciones de educación superior en la provincia de Córdoba. Nuestras indagaciones dan cuenta, salvo importantes excepciones, de una falta de problematización y planificación de las nuevas infraestructuras digitales necesarias, frente a procesos estructurales de transformación de las prácticas sociales y educativas. Metodológicamente el trabajo se sustenta en aportes conceptuales de diversas fuentes, así como la sistematización de experiencias docentes y de gestión educativa.

Kidney transplant (KTx) biopsies showing transplant glomerulopathy (TG) (glomerular basement membrane double contours (cg) > 0) and microvascular inflammation (MVI) in the absence of C4d staining and donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) do not fulfill the criteria for chronic active antibody–mediated rejection (CA-AMR) diagnosis and do not fit into any other Banff category. To investigate this, we initiated a multicenter intercontinental study encompassing 36 cases, comparing the immunomic and transcriptomic profiles of 14 KTx biopsies classified as cg+MVI DSA-/C4d- with 22 classified as CA-AMR DSA+/C4d+ through novel transcriptomic analysis using the NanoString Banff-Human Organ Transplant (B-HOT) panel and subsequent orthogonal subset analysis using two innovative 5-marker multiplex immunofluorescent panels. Nineteen genes were differentially expressed between the two study groups. Samples diagnosed with CA-AMR DSA+/C4d+ showed a higher glomerular abundance of natural killer cells and higher transcriptomic cell type scores for macrophages in an environment characterized by increased expression of complement-related genes (i.e., C5AR1) and higher activity of angiogenesis, interstitial fibrosis tubular atrophy, CA-AMR, and DSA-related pathways when compared to samples diagnosed with cg+MVI DSA-/C4d-. Samples diagnosed with cg+MVI DSA-/C4d- displayed a higher glomerular abundance and activity of T cells (CD3+, CD3+CD8+, and CD3+CD8-). Thus, we show that using novel multiomic techniques, KTx biopsies with cg+MVI DSA-/C4d- have a prominent T-cell presence and activity, putting forward the possibility that these represent a more T-cell dominant phenotype.

info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Introduction Increased salience of drug-related cues over non-drug reinforcers can drive drug use and contribute to tobacco use disorder (TUD). An important scientific and clinical goal is to effectively measure this elevated drug-seeking behavior in TUD. However, most TUD assessments rely on self-reported cravings and cigarette consumption, not providing an objective measure of the impact of drug-cues on biasing behavior towards drugs. The probabilistic image choice (PIC) task investigates the choice of viewing drug-related pictures as compared to other salient pictures (e.g. pleasant and unpleasant). This study aimed to develop and validate the PIC task for TUD and evaluate the associations between behavioral choice and tobacco craving, daily cigarette consumption, quit attempts and motivation to quit, and nicotine dependence (the Fagerström score). Methods We recruited 468 smokers and 121 nonsmokers using the Prolific online platform. Participants performed the PIC task twice (at a one-month interval) and completed other measures relevant to TUD. Results compared to nonsmokers, tobacco smokers selected to view significantly more tobacco images and less pleasant (non-drug reinforcer) images, a profile that remained stable at retest. Individual differences in choice of tobacco as compared to pleasant images on the PIC task were associated with craving but not with the other tobacco dependence measures, suggesting that the task may serve as a behavioral proxy measure of drug “wanting” rather than of cumulative nicotine exposure or physical dependence. Conclusions these results suggest that the PIC task can be a valuable tool for objectively assessing craving-associated tobacco seeking in TUD. Implications section which should provide a brief description about what the study adds Most of the current measures of tobacco use disorder (TUD) rely on self-reports of consumption, dependence and craving and do not take into consideration the role of drug-related cu, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

In our era of rapid technological advancement, the research landscape for writing assistants has become increasingly fragmented across various research communities. We seek to address this challenge by proposing a design space as a structured way to examine and explore the multidimensional space of intelligent and interactive writing assistants. Through a large community collaboration, we explore five aspects of writing assistants: task, user, technology, interaction, and ecosystem. Within each aspect, we define dimensions (i.e., fundamental components of an aspect) and codes (i.e., potential options for each dimension) by systematically reviewing 115 papers. Our design space aims to offer researchers and designers a practical tool to navigate, comprehend, and compare the various possibilities of writing assistants, and aid in the envisioning and design of new writing assistants., Comment: Published as a conference paper at CHI 2024

Introduction: Gene amplification of CCND1 is observed in a subgroup of breast cancers with poor prognosis, whereas overexpression of the protein cyclin D 1 has been linked to both worse and better clinical outcome. CCND1 amplification and protein overexpression have also been associated with resistance to treatment with tamoxifen or even to a potentially detrimental effect of tamoxifen.Methods: To clarify these challenging and partly contrasting treatment predictive and prognostic links for cyclin D 1 we analysed a large cohort of postmenopausal breast cancer patients randomised to receive either adjuvant anastrozole or tamoxifen, as part of the Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination (ATAC) trial. The CCND1 amplification status and protein expression of cyclin D 1 were assessed by chromogenic in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry, respectively, in 1,155 postmenopausal, oestrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer patients included in the TransATAC substudy.Results: Amplification of CCND1 was observed in 8.7% of the tumours and was associated with increased risk of disease recurrence (hazard ratio = 1.61; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 2.41) after adjustment for other clinicopathological parameters. In contrast, nuclear expression of cyclin D 1 protein was associated with decreased recurrence rate (hazard ratio = 0.6; 95% confidence interval, 0.39 to 0.92). The intensity of nuclear or cytoplasmic expression was not of prognostic value. There was no significant interaction between cyclin D 1 status and treatment efficacy, ruling out any major detrimental effect of tamoxifen in CCND1-amplified postmenopausal breast cancer.Conclusions: In summary, CCND1 amplification and low nuclear expression of cyclin D 1 predicted poor clinical outcome in postmenopausal breast cancer patients treated with either anastrozole or tamoxifen., Lund University Research Funds, Malmö University Hospital, South Swedish and South-East Swedish Breast Cancer groups and Breakthrough Breast Cancer Unit, AstraZeneca, Roche, Cancerfonden, Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse, Vetenskapsrådet, Depto. de Estadística y Ciencia de los Datos, Fac. de Estudios Estadísticos, TRUE, pub

Estrogen receptor (ER) positive primary breast cancers have a wide range of clinical outcomes. Prediction of the likely course of the disease aids treatment decision-making. In the translational arm of the ATAC (anastrozole or tamoxifen alone or combined) trial (TransATAC) we have assessed individual and multiparameter biomarkers for their prediction of overall and distant recurrence. None of the biomarkers identified differential benefit for anastrozole versus tamoxifen. Each of ER, PgR, HER2 and Ki67 was associated with risk of recurrence. A combination of these to create a single predictor IHC4 was as informative as the 21-gene recurrence score (RS). Integration of each of these molecular profiles with classical clinicopathologic variables provided the most accurate prediction of outcome, Breakthrough Breast Cancer, AstraZeneca, Depto. de Estadística y Ciencia de los Datos, Fac. de Estudios Estadísticos, TRUE, pub

Purpose We recently reported that the mRNA-based, 21-gene Genomic Health recurrence score (GHI-RS) provided additional prognostic information regarding distant recurrence beyond that obtained from classical clinicopathologic factors (age, nodal status, tumor size, grade, endocrine treatment) in women with early breast cancer, confirming earlier reports. The aim of this article is to determine how much of this information is contained in standard immunohistochemical (IHC) markers. Patients and Methods The primary cohort comprised 1,125 estrogen receptor–positive (ER-positive) patients from the Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination (ATAC) trial who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy, had the GHI-RS computed, and had adequate tissue for the four IHC measurements: ER, progesterone receptor (PgR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and Ki-67. Distant recurrence was the primary end point, and proportional hazards models were used with sample splitting to control for overfitting. A prognostic model that used classical variables and the four IHC markers (IHC4 score) was created and assessed in a separate cohort of 786 patients. Results All four IHC markers provided independent prognostic information in the presence of classical variables. In sample-splitting analyses, the information in the IHC4 score was found to be similar to that in the GHI-RS, and little additional prognostic value was seen in the combined use of both scores. The prognostic value of the IHC4 score was further validated in the second separate cohort. Conclusion This study suggests that the amount of prognostic information contained in four widely performed IHC assays is similar to that in the GHI-RS. Additional studies are needed to determine the general applicability of the IHC4 score., Royal Marsden National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Cancer Research United Kingdom Program Grant, Breakthrough Breast Cancer, AstraZeneca, Depto. de Estadística y Ciencia de los Datos, Fac. de Estudios Estadísticos, TRUE, pub

At each cell division, nanometer-scale motors and microtubules give rise to the micron-scale spindle. Although the biophysical properties of many individual motors are well studied, it is not fully understood how these molecular components push, pull, and twist microtubules to build a spindle with emergent mechanics and robust function, or how these processes are subverted in disease. We first focus on the contractile motor dynein and the extensile motor Eg5. Although these motors are individually required to build the human spindle, typical bipolar spindles form when both are inhibited together, raising the question of what roles these opposing motors play. Using quantitative live imaging, we find that co-inhibiting Eg5 and dynein’s targeting factor NuMA generates spindles that attain a normal metaphase shape and undergo anaphase. However, these spindles exhibit reduced microtubule dynamics, mechanical fragility, and error-prone chromosome segregation. Thus, although these opposing motors are not required for spindle assembly, they are essential to the spindle's mechanical and functional robustness. Unexpectedly, we also find that spindles lacking NuMA/dynein and Eg5 activity display strong left-handed twist at anaphase, leading us to ask how molecular torques generated by chiral mitotic motors are balanced to regulate global spindle twist. We find that the midzone motors KIF4A and MKLP1 contribute to left-handed twist at anaphase, as does the actin cytoskeleton. Depletion of LGN or dynein, which generate force at the cell cortex, counteracts these left-handed torques. Thus, competing torques are balanced to establish the spindle’s global twist, and torques acting from the outside of the spindle balance those generated within it. Finally, we investigate how oncogenic transformation affects spindle architecture and mechanics. We find that cyclin D1 overexpression increases the incidence of spindles with extra poles, centrioles, and chromosomes, but that it also prot

The purpose of this "Adolescent Literacy Walk-Through for Principals" ("ALWP") is to help principals monitor and support adolescent literacy instruction in their schools more effectively. To meet the goals of improving adolescent literacy in grades four through twelve, principals must be familiar with what literacy instruction should include and how to assess the quality of classroom literacy instruction quickly and effectively. The "ALWP" can be used to build a secondary school leader's literacy knowledge and to provide guidelines for structuring schoolwide professional development. As they work with teachers to improve instruction, school leaders could use this guide to help monitor literacy instruction in (1) late elementary school, (2) content-area classes in middle and high school, and (3) intervention groups or classes. The information gathered may be useful in planning and implementing ongoing professional development to support effective literacy instruction in individual classrooms and across grade levels and subject areas. This document assumes more than a beginning level of knowledge of reading and reading instruction. It summarizes research in adolescent literacy instruction and provides a resource to help convey the messages of state policy and research-based reading instruction through templates that principals may use. This "ALWP" is offered as a scaffold to build principals' understanding of scientifically based reading instruction, both as a means for gathering information about the quality of literacy and reading intervention instruction in a school, and as a data collection guide for planning targeted professional development and resource allocation. Policies and materials to support policies can influence classroom implementation when (1) teachers have opportunity to learn what the policy means for their practice, (2) there is coherent interpretation within the state framework of policies, but also from the classroom to the state level, and (3) support is available for innovation, even when it requires considerable effort (Cohen & Hill, 2001). (Contains 2 tables.) [For related report, "Eight Scenarios Illustrating the Adolescent Literacy Walk-Through for Principals," see ED521605.]

If a principal's goal is to improve the overall quality of reading instruction in his school, this guide can help him identify the most critical changes that must be made. It describes the types of instruction and leadership activities necessary to help all children become proficient readers in elementary school. It does not contain all the information needed, but refers a principal to additional readings in specific areas to enrich his knowledge. He should think of it as a "quick start" guide for a school-level instructional leader. It can point him in the right direction, but it can only provide a taste of the knowledge needed to be a successful literacy leader in his school. The authors encourage principals to become familiar with the ideas in the guide, and then embark on a program of systematic study to fully prepare for this challenging and rewarding task. This guide is based on scientific research on reading and reading instruction, as well as on studies of successful schools and interviews with successful principals.

BackgroundNearly 50% of men living with HIV in many countries are unaware of their HIV status; men also have lower uptake of HIV treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). In SSA, highly mobile men such as those working in fishing communities alongside Lake Victoria have low uptake of HIV testing and low rates of linkage to HIV treatment and PrEP, despite increasing availability of these services. HIV self-testing (HIVST) kits hold promise for overcoming barriers to HIV testing and linkage to services for HIV-positive and HIV-negative men. We describe here a protocol for an HIV status-neutral, social network-based approach to promote HIV testing, linkage to care and prevention, and better health outcomes, including adherence, in fishermen around Lake Victoria.MethodsUtilizing beach management unit (BMU) registries of fishermen operating in three Lake Victoria fishing communities in Siaya County, Kenya, we completed a census and social network mapping to identify close social networks of men. Network clusters identified by a socially-central lead ("promotor") and selected to ensure maximal separation between treatment and control will be randomized. Promotors in both arms will receive basic HIV training; intervention promotors are further trained in HIVST to distribute kits to their cluster, while control promotors will distribute to their cluster vouchers for free HIVST at nearby clinics. We will test whether these promoters can enhance linkage to ART and PrEP after self-testing, thereby addressing a key limitation of HIVST. We will also measure 6- and 12-month viral load in those living with HIV and PrEP adherence among those without HIV via urine tenofovir levels as objective markers of adherence.DiscussionThis study has the potential to improve HIV health and promote HIV prevention among a hard to reach, at-risk, and highly mobile population of men in Western Kenya-a critical population in Kenya's HIV prevention and treatment program. Further, if successful