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Although massive biomass fluctuations of coastal-pelagic fishes are an iconic example of the impacts of climate variability on marine ecosystems, the mechanisms governing these dynamics are often elusive. We construct a 45-year record of nitrogen stable isotopes measured in larvae of Northern Anchovy (Engraulis mordax) in the California Current Ecosystem to assess patterns in food chain length. Larval trophic efficiency associated with a shortened food chain increased larval survival and produced boom periods of high adult biomass. In contrast, when larval food chain length increased, and energy transfer efficiency decreased, the population crashed. We propose the Trophic Efficiency in Early Life (TEEL) hypothesis, which states that larval fishes must consume prey that confer sufficient energy for survival, to help explain natural boom-bust dynamics of coastal pelagic fishes. Our findings illustrate a potential for trophic indicators to generally inform larval survival and adult population dynamics of coastal-pelagic fishes.

Dataset: CTD data from Bongo plankton net tows, Up-casts temperature, salinity and density data from CTD mounted above Bongo net frame sampled aboard RV Bob and Betty Beyster and RV Shearwater cruises in the Southern California Bight from fall 2020 to spring 2021. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/871003, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-2053719

Dataset: CTD data from Bongo plankton net tows, Up-casts temperature, salinity and density data from CTD mounted above Bongo net frame sampled aboard RV Bob and Betty Beyster and RV Shearwater cruises in the Southern California Bight from fall 2020 to spring 2021. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/871003, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-2053719

Dataset: CTD data from Bongo plankton net tows, Up-casts temperature, salinity and density data from CTD mounted above Bongo net frame sampled aboard RV Bob and Betty Beyster and RV Shearwater cruises in the Southern California Bight from fall 2020 to spring 2021. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/871003, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-2053719

Recent studies have described active nitrogen fixation in high-latitude waters, but the ecological controls on the occurrence or activity of nitrogen-fixing organisms (diazotrophs) in such systems remain unknown. Turnover rates and top-down controls are also general knowledge gaps for marine diazotrophs. We detected abundant UCYN-A (endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria) in the Gulf of Anadyr, western Bering Sea, which correlated with high dissolved iron to dissolved inorganic nitrogen ratios (Fe : DIN) due to riverine input. Growth and grazing mortality of UCYN-A sublineages were almost balanced with higher biomass-turnover rates compared to the whole phytoplankton community, indicating selective grazing of UCYN-A in nitrogen-depleted waters. Grazing rates on UCYN-A1 (small cells) were higher than for UCYN-A2/3/4 (large cells), consistent with the general size dependence of phytoplankton growth and grazing mortality. We found that Fe : DIN is a major determinant of UCYN-A abundances in high-latitude waters, where UCYN-A could make substantial contributions to plankton food-web cycling.

Western Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT) undertake long-distance migrations from rich feeding grounds in the North Atlantic to spawn in oligotrophic waters of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Stock recruitment is strongly affected by interannual variability in the physical features associated with ABT larvae, but the nutrient sources and food-web structure of preferred habitat, the edges of anticyclonic loop eddies, are unknown. Here, we describe the goals, physical context, design and major findings of an end-to-end process study conducted during peak ABT spawning in May 2017 and 2018. Mesoscale features in the oceanic GoM were surveyed for larvae, and five multi-day Lagrangian experiments measured hydrography and nutrients; plankton biomass and composition from bacteria to zooplankton and fish larvae; phytoplankton nutrient uptake, productivity and taxon-specific growth rates; micro- and mesozooplankton grazing; particle export; and ABT larval feeding and growth rates. We provide a general introduction to the BLOOFINZ-GoM project (Bluefin tuna Larvae in Oligotrophic Ocean Foodwebs, Investigation of Nitrogen to Zooplankton) and highlight the finding, based on backtracking of experimental waters to their positions weeks earlier, that lateral transport from the continental slope region may be more of a key determinant of available habitat utilized by larvae than eddy edges per se.

Bluefin tuna spawn in restricted areas of subtropical oligotrophic seas. Here, we investigate the zooplankton prey and feeding selectivity of early larval stages of Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT, Thunnus thynnus) in larval rearing habitat of the Gulf of Mexico. Larvae and zooplankton were collected during two multi-day Lagrangian experiments during peak spawning in May 2017 and 2018. Larvae were categorized by flexion stage and standard length. We identified, enumerated and sized zooplankton from larval gut contents and in the ambient community. Ciliates were quantitatively important (up to 9%) in carbon-based diets of early larvae. As larvae grew, diet composition and prey selection shifted from small copepod nauplii and calanoid copepodites to larger podonid cladocerans, which accounted for up to 70% of ingested carbon. Even when cladoceran abundances were <0.2 m−3, they comprised 23% of postflexion stage diet. Feeding behaviors of larvae at different development stages were more specialized, and prey selection narrowed to appendicularians and primarily cladocerans when these taxa were more abundant. Our findings suggest that ABT larvae have the capacity to switch from passive selection, regulated by physical factors, to active selection of presumably energetically optimal prey.

Larval abundances of Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT) in the Gulf of Mexico are currently utilized to inform future recruitment by providing a proxy for the spawning potential of western ABT stock. Inclusion of interannual variations in larval growth is a key advance needed to translate larval abundance to recruitment success. However, little is known about the drivers of growth variations during the first weeks of life. We sampled patches of western ABT larvae in 3–4 day Lagrangian experiments in May 2017 and 2018, and assessed age and growth rates from sagittal otoliths relative to size categories of zooplankton biomass and larval feeding behaviors from stomach contents. Growth rates were similar, on average, between patches (0.37 versus 0.39 mm d−1) but differed significantly through ontogeny and were correlated with a food limitation index, highlighting the importance of prey availability. Otolith increment widths were larger for postflexion stages in 2018, coincident with high feeding on preferred prey (mainly cladocerans) and presumably higher biomass of more favorable prey type. Faster growth reflected in the otolith microstructures may improve survival during the highly vulnerable larval stages of ABT, with direct implications for recruitment processes.

Recent studies have described active nitrogen fixation in high-latitude waters, but the ecological controls on the occurrence or activity of nitrogen-fixing organisms (diazotrophs) in such systems remain unknown. Turnover rates and top-down controls are also general knowledge gaps for marine diazotrophs. We detected abundant UCYN-A (endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria) in the Gulf of Anadyr, western Bering Sea, which correlated with high dissolved iron to dissolved inorganic nitrogen ratios (Fe : DIN) due to riverine input. Growth and grazing mortality of UCYN-A sublineages were almost balanced with higher biomass-turnover rates compared to the whole phytoplankton community, indicating selective grazing of UCYN-A in nitrogen-depleted waters. Grazing rates on UCYN-A1 (small cells) were higher than for UCYN-A2/3/4 (large cells), consistent with the general size dependence of phytoplankton growth and grazing mortality. We found that Fe : DIN is a major determinant of UCYN-A abundances in high-latitude waters, where UCYN-A could make substantial contributions to plankton food-web cycling.

Dataset: Phyto Growth and Grazing HPLC GoM, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts in the Gulf of Mexico from R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/851142, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: Protist Carbon, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts in the Gulf of Mexico from R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/851302, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: Phyto Growth & Grazing FlChla GoM, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts in the Gulf of Mexico from R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/851072, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: MesoZoo Biomass BLOOFINZ-GoM, This dataset is from zooplankton net tows in the Gulf of Mexico on R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) led by Dr. John Lamkin to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. This dataset contains mesozooplankton wet, dry, carbon, and nitrogen biomass. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/834967, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: MesoZoo Grazing BLOOFINZ-GoM, This dataset is from zooplankton net tows in the Gulf of Mexico on R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) led by Dr. John Lamkin to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. This dataset contains mesozooplankton grazing rates. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/835091, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: MesoZoo Grazing BLOOFINZ-GoM, This dataset is from zooplankton net tows in the Gulf of Mexico on R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) led by Dr. John Lamkin to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. This dataset contains mesozooplankton grazing rates. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/835091, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: MesoZoo Biomass BLOOFINZ-GoM, This dataset is from zooplankton net tows in the Gulf of Mexico on R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) led by Dr. John Lamkin to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. This dataset contains mesozooplankton wet, dry, carbon, and nitrogen biomass. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/834967, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: MesoZoo Grazing BLOOFINZ-GoM, This dataset is from zooplankton net tows in the Gulf of Mexico on R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) led by Dr. John Lamkin to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. This dataset contains mesozooplankton grazing rates. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/835091, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: MesoZoo Biomass BLOOFINZ-GoM, This dataset is from zooplankton net tows in the Gulf of Mexico on R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) led by Dr. John Lamkin to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. This dataset contains mesozooplankton wet, dry, carbon, and nitrogen biomass. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/834967, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: chla_fluor, This dataset includes fluorometrically measured, extracted concentrations of chlorophyll-a sampled from CTD hydrocasts on R/V Melville cruise MV1008 in the Costa Rica Dome in 2010. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/527940, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0826626

Dataset: chla_fluor, This dataset includes fluorometrically measured, extracted concentrations of chlorophyll-a sampled from CTD hydrocasts on R/V Melville cruise MV1008 in the Costa Rica Dome in 2010. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/527940, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0826626

Dataset: chla_fluor, This dataset includes fluorometrically measured, extracted concentrations of chlorophyll-a sampled from CTD hydrocasts on R/V Melville cruise MV1008 in the Costa Rica Dome in 2010. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/527940, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0826626

Dataset: Protist Carbon, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts in the Gulf of Mexico from R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/851302, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: Phyto Growth & Grazing FCM IN2019, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts and dilution experiments conducted in the eastern Indian Ocean on R/V INVESTIGATOR cruise IN2019-v03 in May-June 2019, which was part of the IIOE-2 Program. These data are meant to be used in interregional comparisons and modeling as part of the BLOOFINZ-IO study of larval tuna habitat in the eastern IO. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/852569, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558

Dataset: Phyto Growth & Grazing FlChla GoM, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts in the Gulf of Mexico from R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/851072, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: Phyto HPLC Pigments, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts in the Gulf of Mexico from R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/851250, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: Phyto Growth and Grazing HPLC GoM, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts in the Gulf of Mexico from R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/851142, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: Phyto Growth & Grazing FCM IN2019, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts and dilution experiments conducted in the eastern Indian Ocean on R/V INVESTIGATOR cruise IN2019-v03 in May-June 2019, which was part of the IIOE-2 Program. These data are meant to be used in interregional comparisons and modeling as part of the BLOOFINZ-IO study of larval tuna habitat in the eastern IO. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/852569, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558

Dataset: Phyto Growth & Grazing FlChla GoM, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts in the Gulf of Mexico from R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/851072, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: Phyto HPLC Pigments, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts in the Gulf of Mexico from R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/851250, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: Phyto Growth & Grazing FCM IN2019, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts and dilution experiments conducted in the eastern Indian Ocean on R/V INVESTIGATOR cruise IN2019-v03 in May-June 2019, which was part of the IIOE-2 Program. These data are meant to be used in interregional comparisons and modeling as part of the BLOOFINZ-IO study of larval tuna habitat in the eastern IO. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/852569, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558

Dataset: Phyto Growth and Grazing HPLC GoM, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts in the Gulf of Mexico from R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/851142, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: Protist Carbon, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts in the Gulf of Mexico from R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/851302, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

Dataset: Phyto HPLC Pigments, This dataset is from CTD hydrocasts in the Gulf of Mexico from R/V Nancy Foster cruises in May 2017 and May 2018, which were part of a NOAA RESTORE project (aka: BLOOFINZ-GoM) to investigate the epipelagic marine nitrogen cycle, plankton dynamics, and impacts on growth and survival of larval Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT). These data are meant to be used in inter-species, interregional comparisons to data from the BLOOFIN-IO study of larval Southern Bluefin Tuna in the Indian Ocean spawning region. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/851250, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1851558, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) NA15OAR4320071

We used linear inverse ecosystem modeling techniques to assimilate data from extensive Lagrangian field experiments into a mass-balance constrained food web for the Gulf of Mexico open-ocean ecosystem. This region is highly oligotrophic, yet Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT) travel long distances from feeding grounds in the North Atlantic to spawn there. Our results show extensive nutrient regeneration fueling primary productivity (mostly by cyanobacteria and other picophytoplankton) in the upper euphotic zone. The food web is dominated by themicrobial loop (>70% of net primary productivity is respired by heterotrophic bacteria and protists that feed on them). By contrast, herbivorous food web pathways from phytoplankton to metazoan zooplankton process <10% of the net primary production in the mixed layer. Nevertheless, ABT larvae feed preferentially on podonid cladocerans and other suspensionfeeding zooplankton, which in turn derive much of their nutrition from nano- and micro-phytoplankton (mixotrophic flagellates, and to a lesser extent, diatoms). This allows ABT larvae to maintain a comparatively low trophic level (∼4.2 for preflexion and postflexion larvae), which increases trophic transfer from phytoplankton to larval fish.

Dataset: picophyto_FCM_lab, Picophytoplankton abundances from preserved (0.5% paraformaldehyde) frozen samples run on a Beckman-Coulter Altra flow cytometer after staining with Hoechst 33342 DNA stain and excitation with 200 mW UV and 1W 488 nm laser light. Cell populations include Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus, and Picophytoeukaryotes. Samples were collected on the MV1008 cruise in the Costa Rica Dome (CRD) region of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/516296, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0826626

Dataset: POC PON isotopes, Concentrations and stable isotope abundances of particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON). Samples were collected on the MV1008 cruise in the Costa Rica Dome (CRD) region of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/516495, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0826626

Dataset: nutrients_major, Concentration of major dissolved nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and silicate) sampled from CTD hydrocasts on the MV1008 cruise in the Costa Rica Dome (CRD) region of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/516174, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0826626

Dataset: MV1008 Nav, For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/515782, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0826626

Dataset: MV1008 event log, Log of scientific sampling events from R/V Melville cruise MV1008. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/515958, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0826626

Dataset: bacteria_FCM_lab, Non-pigmented bacteria abundances from preserved (0.5% paraformaldehyde) frozen samples run on a Beckman-Coulter Altra flow cytometer after staining with Hoechst 33342 DNA stain and excitation with 200 mW UV and 1W 488 nm laser light. Bacteria discriminated based on DNA content (450±40 nm), as well as forward and 90° side light scatter parameters. Samples were collected on the MV1008 cruise in the Costa Rica Dome (CRD) region of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/516204, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0826626

Dataset: phytopl_epi_biomass, Carbon biomass estimates of eukaryotic phytoplankton by taxa and size-class, based on epifluorescence microscopy. Samples were collected on the MV1008 cruise in the Costa Rica Dome (CRD) region of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/517340, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0826626

Dataset: mesozoo grazing by size class, Mesozooplankton community grazing, expressed as ug pigment m-2 h-1, for 5 size classes (2-0.5, 0.5-1, 1-2, 2-5, and >5 mm) and total. Samples were collected during ring net tows on the MV1008 cruise in the Costa Rica Dome (CRD) region of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/516670, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0826626

Dataset: POC PON isotopes, Concentrations and stable isotope abundances of particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON). Samples were collected on the MV1008 cruise in the Costa Rica Dome (CRD) region of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/516495, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0826626

Dataset: mesozoo biomass by size class, Mesozooplankton community biomass (wet weight and dry weight), for 5 size classes (0.2-0.5, 0.5-1, 1-2, 2-5, and >5 mm) and total. Samples were collected during ring net tows on the MV1008 cruise in the Costa Rica Dome (CRD) region of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/516587, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0826626

Dataset: picophyto_FCM_lab, Picophytoplankton abundances from preserved (0.5% paraformaldehyde) frozen samples run on a Beckman-Coulter Altra flow cytometer after staining with Hoechst 33342 DNA stain and excitation with 200 mW UV and 1W 488 nm laser light. Cell populations include Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus, and Picophytoeukaryotes. Samples were collected on the MV1008 cruise in the Costa Rica Dome (CRD) region of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/516296, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-0826626