Search

Your search keyword '"Krejci R"' showing total 46 results
Start Over Author "Krejci R" Publication Type Electronic Resources
46 results on '"Krejci R"'

1. The Ny-Ålesund Aerosol Cloud Experiment (NASCENT): Overview and First Results

Author

Pasquier, JT, David, RO, Freitas, G, Gierens, R, Gramlich, Y, Haslett, S, Li, G, Schäfer, B, Siegel, K, Wieder, J, Adachi, K, Belosi, F, Carlsen, T, Decesari, S, Ebell, K, Gilardoni, S, Gysel-Beer, M, Henneberger, J, Inoue, J, Kanji, ZA, Koike, M, Kondo, Y, Krejci, R, Lohmann, U, Maturilli, M, Mazzolla, M, Modini, R, Mohr, C, Motos, G, Nenes, A, Nicosia, A, Ohata, S, Paglione, M, Park, S, Pileci, RE, Ramelli, F, Rinaldi, M, Ritter, C, Sato, K, Storelvmo, T, Tobo, Y, Traversi, R, Viola, A, Zieger, P, Pasquier, JT, David, RO, Freitas, G, Gierens, R, Gramlich, Y, Haslett, S, Li, G, Schäfer, B, Siegel, K, Wieder, J, Adachi, K, Belosi, F, Carlsen, T, Decesari, S, Ebell, K, Gilardoni, S, Gysel-Beer, M, Henneberger, J, Inoue, J, Kanji, ZA, Koike, M, Kondo, Y, Krejci, R, Lohmann, U, Maturilli, M, Mazzolla, M, Modini, R, Mohr, C, Motos, G, Nenes, A, Nicosia, A, Ohata, S, Paglione, M, Park, S, Pileci, RE, Ramelli, F, Rinaldi, M, Ritter, C, Sato, K, Storelvmo, T, Tobo, Y, Traversi, R, Viola, A, and Zieger, P

Abstract

The Arctic is warming at more than twice the rate of the global average. This warming is influenced by clouds, which modulate the solar and terrestrial radiative fluxes and, thus, determine the surface energy budget. However, the interactions among clouds, aerosols, and radiative fluxes in the Arctic are still poorly understood. To address these uncertainties, the Ny-Ålesund Aerosol Cloud Experiment (NASCENT) study was conducted from September 2019 to August 2020 in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. The campaign’s primary goal was to elucidate the life cycle of aerosols in the Arctic and to determine how they modulate cloud properties throughout the year. In situ and remote sensing observations were taken on the ground at sea level, at a mountaintop station, and with a tethered balloon system. An overview of the meteorological and the main aerosol seasonality encountered during the NASCENT year is introduced, followed by a presentation of first scientific highlights. In particular, we present new findings on aerosol physicochemical and molecular properties. Further, the role of cloud droplet activation and ice crystal nucleation in the formation and persistence of mixed-phase clouds, and the occurrence of secondary ice processes, are discussed and compared to the representation of cloud processes within the regional Weather Research and Forecasting Model. The paper concludes with research questions that are to be addressed in upcoming NASCENT publications.

Published
2022

2. The Ny-Alesund Aerosol Cloud Experiment (NASCENT): Overview and First Results

Author

Pasquier, J. T., David, R. O., Freitas, G., Gierens, R., Gramlich, Y., Haslett, S., Li, G., Schaefer, B., Siegel, K., Wieder, J., Adachi, K., Belosi, F., Carlsen, T., Decesari, S., Ebell, K., Gilardoni, S., Gysel-Beer, M., Henneberger, J., Inoue, J., Kanji, Z. A., Koike, M., Kondo, Y., Krejci, R., Lohmann, U., Maturilli, M., Mazzolla, M., Modini, R., Mohr, C., Motos, G., Nenes, A., Nicosia, A., Ohata, S., Paglione, M., Park, S., Pileci, R. E., Ramelli, F., Rinaldi, M., Ritter, C., Sato, K., Storelvmo, T., Tobo, Y., Traversi, R., Viola, A., Zieger, P., Pasquier, J. T., David, R. O., Freitas, G., Gierens, R., Gramlich, Y., Haslett, S., Li, G., Schaefer, B., Siegel, K., Wieder, J., Adachi, K., Belosi, F., Carlsen, T., Decesari, S., Ebell, K., Gilardoni, S., Gysel-Beer, M., Henneberger, J., Inoue, J., Kanji, Z. A., Koike, M., Kondo, Y., Krejci, R., Lohmann, U., Maturilli, M., Mazzolla, M., Modini, R., Mohr, C., Motos, G., Nenes, A., Nicosia, A., Ohata, S., Paglione, M., Park, S., Pileci, R. E., Ramelli, F., Rinaldi, M., Ritter, C., Sato, K., Storelvmo, T., Tobo, Y., Traversi, R., Viola, A., and Zieger, P.

Abstract

The Arctic is warming at more than twice the rate of the global average. This warming is influenced by clouds, which modulate the solar and terrestrial radiative fluxes and, thus, determine the surface energy budget. However, the interactions among clouds, aerosols, and radiative fluxes in the Arctic are still poorly understood. To address these uncertainties, the Ny-angstrom lesund Aerosol Cloud Experiment (NASCENT) study was conducted from September 2019 to August 2020 in Ny-angstrom lesund, Svalbard. The campaign's primary goal was to elucidate the life cycle of aerosols in the Arctic and to determine how they modulate cloud properties throughout the year. In situ and remote sensing observations were taken on the ground at sea level, at a mountaintop station, and with a tethered balloon system. An overview of the meteorological and the main aerosol seasonality encountered during the NASCENT year is introduced, followed by a presentation of first scientific highlights. In particular, we present new findings on aerosol physicochemical and molecular properties. Further, the role of cloud droplet activation and ice crystal nucleation in the formation and persistence of mixed-phase clouds, and the occurrence of secondary ice processes, are discussed and compared to the representation of cloud processes within the regional Weather Research and Forecasting Model. The paper concludes with research questions that are to be addressed in upcoming NASCENT publications.

Published
2022

3. Megacity and local contributions to regional air pollution:An aircraft case study over London

Author

Ashworth, K., Bucci, S., Gallimore, P.J., Lee, J.D., Nelson, B.S., Sanchez-Marroquín, A., Schimpf, M.B., Smith, P.D., Drysdale, W.S., Hopkins, J.R., Pitt, J.R., DI Carlo, P., Krejci, R., McQuaid, J.B., Ashworth, K., Bucci, S., Gallimore, P.J., Lee, J.D., Nelson, B.S., Sanchez-Marroquín, A., Schimpf, M.B., Smith, P.D., Drysdale, W.S., Hopkins, J.R., Pitt, J.R., DI Carlo, P., Krejci, R., and McQuaid, J.B.

Abstract

In July 2017 three research flights circumnavigating the megacity of London were conducted as a part of the STANCO training school for students and early career researchers organised by EUFAR (European Facility for Airborne Research). Measurements were made from the UK's Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) BAe-146-301 atmospheric research aircraft with the aim to sample, characterise and quantify the impact of megacity outflow pollution on air quality in the surrounding region. Conditions were extremely favourable for airborne measurements, and all three flights were able to observe clear pollution events along the flight path. A small change in wind direction provided sufficiently different air mass origins over the 2 d such that a distinct pollution plume from London, attributable marine emissions and a double-peaked dispersed area of pollution resulting from a combination of local and transported emissions were measured. We were able to analyse the effect of London emissions on air quality in the wider region and the extent to which local sources contribute to pollution events. The background air upwind of London was relatively clean during both days; concentrations of CO were 88-95 ppbv, total (measured) volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were 1.6-1.8 ppbv and NOx was 0.7- 0.8 ppbv. Downwind of London, we encountered elevations in all species with CO>100 ppbv, VOCs 2.8-3.8 ppbv, CH4>2080 ppbv and NOx>4 ppbv, and peak concentrations in individual pollution events were higher still. Levels of O3 were inversely correlated with NOx during the first flight, with O3 concentrations of 37 ppbv upwind falling to 26 ppbv in the well-defined London plume. Total pollutant fluxes from London were estimated through a vertical plane downwind of the city. Our calculated CO2 fluxes are within the combined uncertainty of those estimated previously, but there was a greater disparity in our estimates of CH4 and CO. On the second day, winds were lighter and downwind

Published
2020

4. Individual Particle Characteristics, Optical Properties and Evolution of an Extreme Long‐Range Transported Biomass Burning Event in the European Arctic (Ny‐Ålesund, Svalbard Islands)

Author

Moroni, Beatrice, Ritter, Christoph, Croccianti, S., Markowicz, Krystof, Mazzola, Mauro, Becagli, Silvia, Traversi, Rita, Krejci, R., Tunved, Peter, Cappelletti, David, Moroni, Beatrice, Ritter, Christoph, Croccianti, S., Markowicz, Krystof, Mazzola, Mauro, Becagli, Silvia, Traversi, Rita, Krejci, R., Tunved, Peter, and Cappelletti, David

Abstract

This paper reports an exceptional biomass burning (BB) advection event from Alaska registered at Ny‐Ålesund from 10 to 17 July 2015 with particular interest on the influence of the airborne particle characteristics on the optical properties of the aerosol during the event. To this purpose we considered two DEKATI 12‐stage aerosol samples spanning the entire advection and analyzed them by scanning electron microscopy techniques. Aerosol chemical data and microphysical properties were also evaluated in order to correlate any change of individual particle characteristics with the bulk properties of the aerosol. The results of individual particle analysis depict a complex event characterized by a first phase (P1) of massive input of BB carbonaceous particles (i.e., tar balls, popcorn refractory particles, and organic particles), and by a second phase (P2) dominated by inorganic salts. The peculiar feature of this BB event is the exceptionally large grain size of the subspherical organic particles at the beginning of the event with respect to the background. At these conditions a significant increase of the scattering efficiency may occur even for a small increase of the size parameter. Results of the simulation of the complex refractive indices (n‐ik) confirm this evaluation. Aerosol evolution during the event resulted from the combination of three distinct occurrences: (a) progressive rotation of air mass circulation toward non‐BB source areas, (b) development of a thick fog layer in the planetary boundary layer, and (c) sea salt spray direct advection of local/regional provenance.

Published
2020

5. Individual Particle Characteristics, Optical Properties and Evolution of an Extreme Long‐Range Transported Biomass Burning Event in the European Arctic (Ny‐Ålesund, Svalbard Islands)

Author

Moroni, Beatrice, Ritter, Christoph, Croccianti, S., Markowicz, Krystof, Mazzola, Mauro, Becagli, Silvia, Traversi, Rita, Krejci, R., Tunved, Peter, Cappelletti, David, Moroni, Beatrice, Ritter, Christoph, Croccianti, S., Markowicz, Krystof, Mazzola, Mauro, Becagli, Silvia, Traversi, Rita, Krejci, R., Tunved, Peter, and Cappelletti, David

Abstract

This paper reports an exceptional biomass burning (BB) advection event from Alaska registered at Ny‐Ålesund from 10 to 17 July 2015 with particular interest on the influence of the airborne particle characteristics on the optical properties of the aerosol during the event. To this purpose we considered two DEKATI 12‐stage aerosol samples spanning the entire advection and analyzed them by scanning electron microscopy techniques. Aerosol chemical data and microphysical properties were also evaluated in order to correlate any change of individual particle characteristics with the bulk properties of the aerosol. The results of individual particle analysis depict a complex event characterized by a first phase (P1) of massive input of BB carbonaceous particles (i.e., tar balls, popcorn refractory particles, and organic particles), and by a second phase (P2) dominated by inorganic salts. The peculiar feature of this BB event is the exceptionally large grain size of the subspherical organic particles at the beginning of the event with respect to the background. At these conditions a significant increase of the scattering efficiency may occur even for a small increase of the size parameter. Results of the simulation of the complex refractive indices (n‐ik) confirm this evaluation. Aerosol evolution during the event resulted from the combination of three distinct occurrences: (a) progressive rotation of air mass circulation toward non‐BB source areas, (b) development of a thick fog layer in the planetary boundary layer, and (c) sea salt spray direct advection of local/regional provenance.

Published
2020

6. Interactions between the atmosphere, cryosphere, and ecosystems at northern high latitudes

Author

Boy, M. (Michael), Thomson, E. S. (Erik S.), Acosta Navarro, J.-C. (Juan-C.), Arnalds, O. (Olafur), Batchvarova, E. (Ekaterina), Back, J. (Jaana), Berninger, F. (Frank), Bilde, M. (Merete), Brasseur, Z. (Zoe), Dagsson-Waldhauserova, P. (Pavla), Castarede, D. (Dimitri), Dalirian, M. (Maryam), de Leeuw, G. (Gerrit), Dragosics, M. (Monika), Duplissy, E.-M. (Ella-Maria), Duplissy, J. (Jonathan), Ekman, A. M. (Annica M. L.), Fang, K. (Keyan), Gallet, J.-C. (Jean-Charles), Glasius, M. (Marianne), Gryning, S.-E. (Sven-Erik), Grythe, H. (Henrik), Hansson, H.-C. (Hans-Christen), Hansson, M. (Margareta), Isaksson, E. (Elisabeth), Iversen, T. (Trond), Jonsdottir, I. (Ingibjorg), Kasurinen, V. (Ville), Kirkevag, A. (Alf), Korhola, A. (Atte), Krejci, R. (Radovan), Kristjansson, J. E. (Jon Egill), Lappalainen, H. K. (Hanna K.), Lauri, A. (Antti), Lepparanta, M. (Matti), Lihavainen, H. (Heikki), Makkonen, R. (Risto), Massling, A. (Andreas), Meinander, O. (Outi), Nilsson, E. D. (E. Douglas), Olafsson, H. (Haraldur), Pettersson, J. B. (Jan B. C.), Prisle, N. L. (Nonne L.), Riipinen, I. (Ilona), Roldin, P. (Pontus), Ruppel, M. (Meri), Salter, M. (Matthew), Sand, M. (Maria), Seland, O. (Oyvind), Seppa, H. (Heikki), Skov, H. (Henrik), Soares, J. (Joana), Stohl, A. (Andreas), Strom, J. (Johan), Svensson, J. (Jonas), Swietlicki, E. (Erik), Tabakova, K. (Ksenia), Thorsteinsson, T. (Throstur), Virkkula, A. (Aki), Weyhenmeyer, G. A. (Gesa A.), Wu, Y. (Yusheng), Zieger, P. (Paul), Kulmala, M. (Markku), Boy, M. (Michael), Thomson, E. S. (Erik S.), Acosta Navarro, J.-C. (Juan-C.), Arnalds, O. (Olafur), Batchvarova, E. (Ekaterina), Back, J. (Jaana), Berninger, F. (Frank), Bilde, M. (Merete), Brasseur, Z. (Zoe), Dagsson-Waldhauserova, P. (Pavla), Castarede, D. (Dimitri), Dalirian, M. (Maryam), de Leeuw, G. (Gerrit), Dragosics, M. (Monika), Duplissy, E.-M. (Ella-Maria), Duplissy, J. (Jonathan), Ekman, A. M. (Annica M. L.), Fang, K. (Keyan), Gallet, J.-C. (Jean-Charles), Glasius, M. (Marianne), Gryning, S.-E. (Sven-Erik), Grythe, H. (Henrik), Hansson, H.-C. (Hans-Christen), Hansson, M. (Margareta), Isaksson, E. (Elisabeth), Iversen, T. (Trond), Jonsdottir, I. (Ingibjorg), Kasurinen, V. (Ville), Kirkevag, A. (Alf), Korhola, A. (Atte), Krejci, R. (Radovan), Kristjansson, J. E. (Jon Egill), Lappalainen, H. K. (Hanna K.), Lauri, A. (Antti), Lepparanta, M. (Matti), Lihavainen, H. (Heikki), Makkonen, R. (Risto), Massling, A. (Andreas), Meinander, O. (Outi), Nilsson, E. D. (E. Douglas), Olafsson, H. (Haraldur), Pettersson, J. B. (Jan B. C.), Prisle, N. L. (Nonne L.), Riipinen, I. (Ilona), Roldin, P. (Pontus), Ruppel, M. (Meri), Salter, M. (Matthew), Sand, M. (Maria), Seland, O. (Oyvind), Seppa, H. (Heikki), Skov, H. (Henrik), Soares, J. (Joana), Stohl, A. (Andreas), Strom, J. (Johan), Svensson, J. (Jonas), Swietlicki, E. (Erik), Tabakova, K. (Ksenia), Thorsteinsson, T. (Throstur), Virkkula, A. (Aki), Weyhenmeyer, G. A. (Gesa A.), Wu, Y. (Yusheng), Zieger, P. (Paul), and Kulmala, M. (Markku)

Abstract

The Nordic Centre of Excellence CRAICC (Cryosphere–Atmosphere Interactions in a Changing Arctic Climate), funded by NordForsk in the years 2011–2016, is the largest joint Nordic research and innovation initiative to date, aiming to strengthen research and innovation regarding climate change issues in the Nordic region. CRAICC gathered more than 100 scientists from all Nordic countries in a virtual centre with the objectives of identifying and quantifying the major processes controlling Arctic warming and related feedback mechanisms, outlining strategies to mitigate Arctic warming, and developing Nordic Earth system modelling with a focus on short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs), including natural and anthropogenic aerosols. The outcome of CRAICC is reflected in more than 150 peer-reviewed scientific publications, most of which are in the CRAICC special issue of the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. This paper presents an overview of the main scientific topics investigated in the centre and provides the reader with a state-of-the-art comprehensive summary of what has been achieved in CRAICC with links to the particular publications for further detail. Faced with a vast amount of scientific discovery, we do not claim to completely summarize the results from CRAICC within this paper, but rather concentrate here on the main results which are related to feedback loops in climate change–cryosphere interactions that affect Arctic amplification.

Published
2019

7. Low hygroscopic scattering enhancement of boreal aerosol and the implications for a columnar optical closure study

Author

University of Helsinki, Department of Physics, Zieger, P., Aalto, P. P., Aaltonen, V., Aijala, M., Backman, John, Hong, J., Komppula, M., Krejci, R., Laborde, M., Lampilahti, J., de Leeuw, G., Pfuller, A., Rosati, B., Tesche, M., Tunved, P., Väänänen, R., Petaja, T., University of Helsinki, Department of Physics, Zieger, P., Aalto, P. P., Aaltonen, V., Aijala, M., Backman, John, Hong, J., Komppula, M., Krejci, R., Laborde, M., Lampilahti, J., de Leeuw, G., Pfuller, A., Rosati, B., Tesche, M., Tunved, P., Väänänen, R., and Petaja, T.

Abstract

Ambient aerosol particles can take up water and thus change their optical properties depending on the hygroscopicity and the relative humidity (RH) of the surrounding air. Knowledge of the hygroscopicity effect is of crucial importance for radiative forcing calculations and is also needed for the comparison or validation of remote sensing or model results with in situ measurements. Specifically, particle light scattering depends on RH and can be described by the scattering enhancement factor f(RH), which is defined as the particle light scattering coefficient at defined RH divided by its dry value (RH <30-40 %). Here, we present results of an intensive field campaign carried out in summer 2013 at the SMEAR II station at Hyytiala, Finland. Ground-based and airborne measurements of aerosol optical, chemical and microphysical properties were conducted. The f(RH) measured at ground level by a humidified nephelometer is found to be generally lower (e.g. 1.63 +/- 0.22 at RH = 85% and lambda = 525 nm) than observed at other European sites. One reason is the high organic mass fraction of the aerosol encountered at Hyytiala to which f(RH) is clearly anti-correlated (R-2 approximate to 0.8). A simplified parametrization of f(RH) based on the measured chemical mass fraction can therefore be derived for this aerosol type. A trajectory analysis revealed that elevated values of f(RH) and the corresponding elevated inorganic mass fraction are partially caused by transported hygroscopic sea spray particles. An optical closure study shows the consistency of the ground-based in situ measurements. Our measurements allow to determine the ambient particle light extinction coefficient using the measured f(RH). By combining the ground-based measurements with intensive aircraft measurements of the particle number size distribution and ambient RH, columnar values of the particle extinction coefficient are determined and compared to columnar measurements of a co-located AERONET sun photomete

Published
2015

8. Primary and secondary organics in the tropical Amazonian rainforest aerosols : chiral analysis of 2-methyltetraols

Author

Gonzalez, N. J. D., Borg-Karlson, Anna-Karin, Artaxo, P., Guenther, A., Krejci, R., Noziere, Barbara, Noone, K., Gonzalez, N. J. D., Borg-Karlson, Anna-Karin, Artaxo, P., Guenther, A., Krejci, R., Noziere, Barbara, and Noone, K.

Abstract

This work presents the application of a new method to facilitate the distinction between biologically produced (primary) and atmospherically produced (secondary) organic compounds in ambient aerosols based on their chirality. The compounds chosen for this analysis were the stereomers of 2-methyltetraols, (2R, 3S)- and (2S, 3R)-methylerythritol, (L- and D-form, respectively), and (2S, 3S)- and (2R, 3R)-methylthreitol (L- and D-form), shown previously to display some enantiomeric excesses in atmospheric aerosols, thus to have at least a partial biological origin. In this work PM10 aerosol fractions were collected in a remote tropical rainforest environment near Manaus, Brazil, between June 2008 and June 2009 and analysed. Both 2-methylerythritol and 2-methylthreitol displayed a net excess of one enantiomer (either the L- or the D-form) in 60 to 72% of these samples. These net enantiomeric excesses corresponded to compounds entirely biological but accounted for only about 5% of the total 2-methyltetrol mass in all the samples. Further analysis showed that, in addition, a large mass of the racemic fractions (equal mixtures of D- and L-forms) was also biological. Estimating the contribution of secondary reactions from the isomeric ratios measured in the samples (=ratios 2-methylthreitol over 2-methylerythritol), the mass fraction of secondary methyltetrols in these samples was estimated to a maximum of 31% and their primary fraction to a minimum of 69%. Such large primary fractions could have been expected in PM10 aerosols, largely influenced by biological emissions, and would now need to be investigated in finer aerosols. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of chiral and isomeric analyses as the first direct tool to assess the primary and secondary fractions of organic aerosols., QC 20140704

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Comparison between summertime and wintertime Arctic Ocean primary marine aerosol properties

Author

Zabori, J., Krejci, R., Strom, J., Vaattovaara, P., Ekman, A. M. L., Salter, M. E., Martensson, Monica, Nilsson, E. D., Zabori, J., Krejci, R., Strom, J., Vaattovaara, P., Ekman, A. M. L., Salter, M. E., Martensson, Monica, and Nilsson, E. D.

Abstract

Primary marine aerosols (PMAs) are an important source of cloud condensation nuclei, and one of the key elements of the remote marine radiative budget. Changes occurring in the rapidly warming Arctic, most importantly the decreasing sea ice extent, will alter PMA production and hence the Arctic climate through a set of feedback processes. In light of this, laboratory experiments with Arctic Ocean water during both Arctic winter and summer were conducted and focused on PMA emissions as a function of season and water properties. Total particle number concentrations and particle number size distributions were used to characterize the PMA population. A comprehensive data set from the Arctic summer and winter showed a decrease in PMA concentrations for the covered water temperature (T-w) range between - 1 degrees C and 15 degrees C. A sharp decrease in PMA emissions for a T-w increase from -1 degrees C to 4 degrees C was followed by a lower rate of change in PMA emissions for T-w up to about 6 degrees C. Near constant number concentrations for water temperatures between 6 degrees C to 10 degrees C and higher were recorded. Even though the total particle number concentration changes for overlapping T-w ranges were consistent between the summer and winter measurements, the distribution of particle number concentrations among the different sizes varied between the seasons. Median particle number concentrations for a dry diameter (D-p) < 0.125 mu m measured during winter conditions were similar (deviation of up to 3 %), or lower (up to 70 %) than the ones measured during summer conditions (for the same water temperature range). For D-p > 0.125 mu m, the particle number concentrations during winter were mostly higher than in summer (up to 50 %). The normalized particle number size distribution as a function of water temperature was examined for both winter and summer measurements. An increase in T-w from -1 degrees C to 10 degrees C during winter measurements showed a d

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Comparison between summertime and wintertime Arctic Ocean primary marine aerosol properties

Author

Zabori, J., Krejci, R., Strom, J., Vaattovaara, P., Ekman, A. M. L., Salter, M. E., Martensson, Monica, Nilsson, E. D., Zabori, J., Krejci, R., Strom, J., Vaattovaara, P., Ekman, A. M. L., Salter, M. E., Martensson, Monica, and Nilsson, E. D.

Abstract

Primary marine aerosols (PMAs) are an important source of cloud condensation nuclei, and one of the key elements of the remote marine radiative budget. Changes occurring in the rapidly warming Arctic, most importantly the decreasing sea ice extent, will alter PMA production and hence the Arctic climate through a set of feedback processes. In light of this, laboratory experiments with Arctic Ocean water during both Arctic winter and summer were conducted and focused on PMA emissions as a function of season and water properties. Total particle number concentrations and particle number size distributions were used to characterize the PMA population. A comprehensive data set from the Arctic summer and winter showed a decrease in PMA concentrations for the covered water temperature (T-w) range between - 1 degrees C and 15 degrees C. A sharp decrease in PMA emissions for a T-w increase from -1 degrees C to 4 degrees C was followed by a lower rate of change in PMA emissions for T-w up to about 6 degrees C. Near constant number concentrations for water temperatures between 6 degrees C to 10 degrees C and higher were recorded. Even though the total particle number concentration changes for overlapping T-w ranges were consistent between the summer and winter measurements, the distribution of particle number concentrations among the different sizes varied between the seasons. Median particle number concentrations for a dry diameter (D-p) < 0.125 mu m measured during winter conditions were similar (deviation of up to 3 %), or lower (up to 70 %) than the ones measured during summer conditions (for the same water temperature range). For D-p > 0.125 mu m, the particle number concentrations during winter were mostly higher than in summer (up to 50 %). The normalized particle number size distribution as a function of water temperature was examined for both winter and summer measurements. An increase in T-w from -1 degrees C to 10 degrees C during winter measurements showed a d

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Comparison between summertime and wintertime Arctic Ocean primary marine aerosol properties

Author

Zabori, J., Krejci, R., Strom, J., Vaattovaara, P., Ekman, A. M. L., Salter, M. E., Martensson, Monica, Nilsson, E. D., Zabori, J., Krejci, R., Strom, J., Vaattovaara, P., Ekman, A. M. L., Salter, M. E., Martensson, Monica, and Nilsson, E. D.

Abstract

Primary marine aerosols (PMAs) are an important source of cloud condensation nuclei, and one of the key elements of the remote marine radiative budget. Changes occurring in the rapidly warming Arctic, most importantly the decreasing sea ice extent, will alter PMA production and hence the Arctic climate through a set of feedback processes. In light of this, laboratory experiments with Arctic Ocean water during both Arctic winter and summer were conducted and focused on PMA emissions as a function of season and water properties. Total particle number concentrations and particle number size distributions were used to characterize the PMA population. A comprehensive data set from the Arctic summer and winter showed a decrease in PMA concentrations for the covered water temperature (T-w) range between - 1 degrees C and 15 degrees C. A sharp decrease in PMA emissions for a T-w increase from -1 degrees C to 4 degrees C was followed by a lower rate of change in PMA emissions for T-w up to about 6 degrees C. Near constant number concentrations for water temperatures between 6 degrees C to 10 degrees C and higher were recorded. Even though the total particle number concentration changes for overlapping T-w ranges were consistent between the summer and winter measurements, the distribution of particle number concentrations among the different sizes varied between the seasons. Median particle number concentrations for a dry diameter (D-p) < 0.125 mu m measured during winter conditions were similar (deviation of up to 3 %), or lower (up to 70 %) than the ones measured during summer conditions (for the same water temperature range). For D-p > 0.125 mu m, the particle number concentrations during winter were mostly higher than in summer (up to 50 %). The normalized particle number size distribution as a function of water temperature was examined for both winter and summer measurements. An increase in T-w from -1 degrees C to 10 degrees C during winter measurements showed a d

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Comparison between summertime and wintertime Arctic Ocean primary marine aerosol properties

Author

Zabori, J., Krejci, R., Strom, J., Vaattovaara, P., Ekman, A. M. L., Salter, M. E., Martensson, Monica, Nilsson, E. D., Zabori, J., Krejci, R., Strom, J., Vaattovaara, P., Ekman, A. M. L., Salter, M. E., Martensson, Monica, and Nilsson, E. D.

Abstract

Primary marine aerosols (PMAs) are an important source of cloud condensation nuclei, and one of the key elements of the remote marine radiative budget. Changes occurring in the rapidly warming Arctic, most importantly the decreasing sea ice extent, will alter PMA production and hence the Arctic climate through a set of feedback processes. In light of this, laboratory experiments with Arctic Ocean water during both Arctic winter and summer were conducted and focused on PMA emissions as a function of season and water properties. Total particle number concentrations and particle number size distributions were used to characterize the PMA population. A comprehensive data set from the Arctic summer and winter showed a decrease in PMA concentrations for the covered water temperature (T-w) range between - 1 degrees C and 15 degrees C. A sharp decrease in PMA emissions for a T-w increase from -1 degrees C to 4 degrees C was followed by a lower rate of change in PMA emissions for T-w up to about 6 degrees C. Near constant number concentrations for water temperatures between 6 degrees C to 10 degrees C and higher were recorded. Even though the total particle number concentration changes for overlapping T-w ranges were consistent between the summer and winter measurements, the distribution of particle number concentrations among the different sizes varied between the seasons. Median particle number concentrations for a dry diameter (D-p) < 0.125 mu m measured during winter conditions were similar (deviation of up to 3 %), or lower (up to 70 %) than the ones measured during summer conditions (for the same water temperature range). For D-p > 0.125 mu m, the particle number concentrations during winter were mostly higher than in summer (up to 50 %). The normalized particle number size distribution as a function of water temperature was examined for both winter and summer measurements. An increase in T-w from -1 degrees C to 10 degrees C during winter measurements showed a d

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Comparison between summertime and wintertime Arctic Ocean primary marine aerosol properties

Author

Zabori, J., Krejci, R., Strom, J., Vaattovaara, P., Ekman, A. M. L., Salter, M. E., Martensson, Monica, Nilsson, E. D., Zabori, J., Krejci, R., Strom, J., Vaattovaara, P., Ekman, A. M. L., Salter, M. E., Martensson, Monica, and Nilsson, E. D.

Abstract

Primary marine aerosols (PMAs) are an important source of cloud condensation nuclei, and one of the key elements of the remote marine radiative budget. Changes occurring in the rapidly warming Arctic, most importantly the decreasing sea ice extent, will alter PMA production and hence the Arctic climate through a set of feedback processes. In light of this, laboratory experiments with Arctic Ocean water during both Arctic winter and summer were conducted and focused on PMA emissions as a function of season and water properties. Total particle number concentrations and particle number size distributions were used to characterize the PMA population. A comprehensive data set from the Arctic summer and winter showed a decrease in PMA concentrations for the covered water temperature (T-w) range between - 1 degrees C and 15 degrees C. A sharp decrease in PMA emissions for a T-w increase from -1 degrees C to 4 degrees C was followed by a lower rate of change in PMA emissions for T-w up to about 6 degrees C. Near constant number concentrations for water temperatures between 6 degrees C to 10 degrees C and higher were recorded. Even though the total particle number concentration changes for overlapping T-w ranges were consistent between the summer and winter measurements, the distribution of particle number concentrations among the different sizes varied between the seasons. Median particle number concentrations for a dry diameter (D-p) < 0.125 mu m measured during winter conditions were similar (deviation of up to 3 %), or lower (up to 70 %) than the ones measured during summer conditions (for the same water temperature range). For D-p > 0.125 mu m, the particle number concentrations during winter were mostly higher than in summer (up to 50 %). The normalized particle number size distribution as a function of water temperature was examined for both winter and summer measurements. An increase in T-w from -1 degrees C to 10 degrees C during winter measurements showed a d

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Comparison between summertime and wintertime Arctic Ocean primary marine aerosol properties

Author

Zabori, J., Krejci, R., Strom, J., Vaattovaara, P., Ekman, A. M. L., Salter, M. E., Martensson, Monica, Nilsson, E. D., Zabori, J., Krejci, R., Strom, J., Vaattovaara, P., Ekman, A. M. L., Salter, M. E., Martensson, Monica, and Nilsson, E. D.

Abstract

Primary marine aerosols (PMAs) are an important source of cloud condensation nuclei, and one of the key elements of the remote marine radiative budget. Changes occurring in the rapidly warming Arctic, most importantly the decreasing sea ice extent, will alter PMA production and hence the Arctic climate through a set of feedback processes. In light of this, laboratory experiments with Arctic Ocean water during both Arctic winter and summer were conducted and focused on PMA emissions as a function of season and water properties. Total particle number concentrations and particle number size distributions were used to characterize the PMA population. A comprehensive data set from the Arctic summer and winter showed a decrease in PMA concentrations for the covered water temperature (T-w) range between - 1 degrees C and 15 degrees C. A sharp decrease in PMA emissions for a T-w increase from -1 degrees C to 4 degrees C was followed by a lower rate of change in PMA emissions for T-w up to about 6 degrees C. Near constant number concentrations for water temperatures between 6 degrees C to 10 degrees C and higher were recorded. Even though the total particle number concentration changes for overlapping T-w ranges were consistent between the summer and winter measurements, the distribution of particle number concentrations among the different sizes varied between the seasons. Median particle number concentrations for a dry diameter (D-p) < 0.125 mu m measured during winter conditions were similar (deviation of up to 3 %), or lower (up to 70 %) than the ones measured during summer conditions (for the same water temperature range). For D-p > 0.125 mu m, the particle number concentrations during winter were mostly higher than in summer (up to 50 %). The normalized particle number size distribution as a function of water temperature was examined for both winter and summer measurements. An increase in T-w from -1 degrees C to 10 degrees C during winter measurements showed a d

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Wintertime Arctic Ocean sea water properties and primary marine aerosol concentrations

Author

Zabori, J., Krejci, R., Ekman, A. M. L., Mårtensson, E.M. Monica, Ström, J., de Leeuw, G., Nilsson, E. D., Zabori, J., Krejci, R., Ekman, A. M. L., Mårtensson, E.M. Monica, Ström, J., de Leeuw, G., and Nilsson, E. D.

Abstract

Sea spray aerosols are an important part of the climate system through their direct and indirect effects. Due to the diminishing sea ice, the Arctic Ocean is one of the most rapidly changing sea spray aerosol source areas. However, the influence of these changes on primary particle production is not known. In laboratory experiments we examined the influence of Arctic Ocean water temperature, salinity, and oxygen saturation on primary particle concentration characteristics. Sea water temperature was identified as the most important of these parameters. A strong decrease in sea spray aerosol production with increasing water temperature was observed for water temperatures between -1 degrees C and 9 degrees C. Aerosol number concentrations decreased from at least 1400 cm(-3) to 350 cm-3. In general, the aerosol number size distribution exhibited a robust shape with one mode close to dry diameter D-p 0.2 mu m with approximately 45% of particles at smaller sizes. Changes in sea water temperature did not result in pronounced change of the shape of the aerosol size distribution, only in the magnitude of the concentrations. Our experiments indicate that changes in aerosol emissions are most likely linked to changes of the physical properties of sea water at low temperatures. The observed strong dependence of sea spray aerosol concentrations on sea water temperature, with a large fraction of the emitted particles in the typical cloud condensation nuclei size range, provide strong arguments for a more careful consideration of this effect in climate models.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. General overview : European Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions (EUCAARI) - integrating aerosol research from nano to global scales

Author

Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J. -L, Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H. -C, Hov, O., O'Dowd, C. D., Poeschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., de Leeuw, G., van der Gon, H. A. C. Denier, Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D. C. S., Bergström, Robert, Beukes, J. P., Bilde, M., Burkhart, J. F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S. L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A. M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R. M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvarinen, A., Horrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevag, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjansson, J. -E, Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V. A., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rizzo, L. V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H. E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W. T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J. J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prevot, A. S. H., Pryor, S., Reddington, C. L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, O., Sellegri, K., Shen, X. J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J. Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J. P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D. R., van Zadelhoff, G. -J, Zardini, A. A., Zhang, K., van Zyl, P. G., Kerminen, V. -M, Carslaw, K. S., Pandis, S. N., Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J. -L, Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H. -C, Hov, O., O'Dowd, C. D., Poeschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., de Leeuw, G., van der Gon, H. A. C. Denier, Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D. C. S., Bergström, Robert, Beukes, J. P., Bilde, M., Burkhart, J. F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S. L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A. M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R. M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvarinen, A., Horrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevag, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjansson, J. -E, Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V. A., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rizzo, L. V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H. E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W. T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J. J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prevot, A. S. H., Pryor, S., Reddington, C. L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, O., Sellegri, K., Shen, X. J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J. Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J. P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D. R., van Zadelhoff, G. -J, Zardini, A. A., Zhang, K., van Zyl, P. G., Kerminen, V. -M, Carslaw, K. S., and Pandis, S. N.

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. General overview : European Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions (EUCAARI) - integrating aerosol research from nano to global scales

Author

Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J. -L, Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H. -C, Hov, O., O'Dowd, C. D., Poeschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., de Leeuw, G., van der Gon, H. A. C. Denier, Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D. C. S., Bergström, Robert, Beukes, J. P., Bilde, M., Burkhart, J. F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S. L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A. M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R. M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvarinen, A., Horrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevag, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjansson, J. -E, Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V. A., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rizzo, L. V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H. E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W. T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J. J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prevot, A. S. H., Pryor, S., Reddington, C. L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, O., Sellegri, K., Shen, X. J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J. Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J. P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D. R., van Zadelhoff, G. -J, Zardini, A. A., Zhang, K., van Zyl, P. G., Kerminen, V. -M, Carslaw, K. S., Pandis, S. N., Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J. -L, Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H. -C, Hov, O., O'Dowd, C. D., Poeschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., de Leeuw, G., van der Gon, H. A. C. Denier, Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D. C. S., Bergström, Robert, Beukes, J. P., Bilde, M., Burkhart, J. F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S. L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A. M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R. M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvarinen, A., Horrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevag, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjansson, J. -E, Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V. A., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rizzo, L. V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H. E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W. T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J. J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prevot, A. S. H., Pryor, S., Reddington, C. L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, O., Sellegri, K., Shen, X. J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J. Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J. P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D. R., van Zadelhoff, G. -J, Zardini, A. A., Zhang, K., van Zyl, P. G., Kerminen, V. -M, Carslaw, K. S., and Pandis, S. N.

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. General overview: European Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions (EUCAARI) - integrating aerosol research from nano to global scales

Author

Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H.K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J.-L., Facchini, M.C., Hansson, H.-C., Hov, Ø., O'Dowd, C.D., Poschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., de Leeuw, G., Denier van der Gon, H.A.C., Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D.C.S., Bergstrom, R., Beukes, J.P., Bilde, M., Burkhart, J.F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S.L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A.M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R.M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvarinen, A., Horrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevag, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjansson, J.-E., Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V.A., Lehtinen, K.E.J., Rizzo, L.V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H.E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W.T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J.J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prevot, A.S.H., Pryor, S., Reddington, C.L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, O., Sellegri, K., Shen, X.J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J.Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J.P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D.R., van Zadelhoff, G.-J., Zardini, A.A., Zhang, K., van Zyl, P.G., Kerminen, V.-M., Carslaw, K.S., Pandis, S.N., Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H.K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J.-L., Facchini, M.C., Hansson, H.-C., Hov, Ø., O'Dowd, C.D., Poschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., de Leeuw, G., Denier van der Gon, H.A.C., Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D.C.S., Bergstrom, R., Beukes, J.P., Bilde, M., Burkhart, J.F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S.L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A.M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R.M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvarinen, A., Horrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevag, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjansson, J.-E., Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V.A., Lehtinen, K.E.J., Rizzo, L.V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H.E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W.T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J.J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prevot, A.S.H., Pryor, S., Reddington, C.L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, O., Sellegri, K., Shen, X.J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J.Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J.P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D.R., van Zadelhoff, G.-J., Zardini, A.A., Zhang, K., van Zyl, P.G., Kerminen, V.-M., Carslaw, K.S., and Pandis, S.N.

Abstract

In this paper we describe and summarize the main achievements of the European Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality Interactions project (EUCAARI). EUCAARI started on 1 January 2007 and ended on 31 December 2010 leaving a rich legacy including: (a) a comprehensive database with a year of observations of the physical, chemical and optical properties of aerosol particles over Europe, (b) comprehensive aerosol measurements in four developing countries, (c) a database of airborne measurements of aerosols and clouds over Europe during May 2008, (d) comprehensive modeling tools to study aerosol processes fron nano to global scale and their effects on climate and air quality. In addition a new Pan-European aerosol emissions inventory was developed and evaluated, a new cluster spectrometer was built and tested in the field and several new aerosol parameterizations and computations modules for chemical transport and global climate models were developed and evaluated. These achievements and related studies have substantially improved our understanding and reduced the uncertainties of aerosol radiative forcing and air quality-climate interactions. The EUCAARI results can be utilized in European and global environmental policy to assess the aerosol impacts and the corresponding abatement strategies.

Published
2011

19. General overview: European Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions (EUCAARI) – integrating aerosol research from nano to global scales

Author

Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J.-L., Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H.-C., Hov, O., O'Dowd, C. D., Poeschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., de Leeuw, G., van der Gon, H. A. C. Denier, Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D. C. S., Bergstrom, R., Beukes, J. P., Bilde, Merete, Burkhart, J. F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S. L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A. M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R. M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvarinen, A., Horrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevag, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjansson, J.-E., Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V. A., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rizzo, L. V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H. E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W. T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J. J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prevot, A. S. H., Pryor, S., Reddington, C. L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, O., Sellegri, K., Shen, X. J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J. Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J. P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D. R., van Zadelhoff, G.-J., Zardini, Alessandro Alessio, Zhang, K., van Zyl, P. G., Kerminen, V.-M., Carslaw, K. S., Pandis, S. N., Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J.-L., Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H.-C., Hov, O., O'Dowd, C. D., Poeschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., de Leeuw, G., van der Gon, H. A. C. Denier, Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D. C. S., Bergstrom, R., Beukes, J. P., Bilde, Merete, Burkhart, J. F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S. L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A. M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R. M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvarinen, A., Horrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevag, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjansson, J.-E., Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V. A., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rizzo, L. V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H. E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W. T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J. J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prevot, A. S. H., Pryor, S., Reddington, C. L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, O., Sellegri, K., Shen, X. J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J. Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J. P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D. R., van Zadelhoff, G.-J., Zardini, Alessandro Alessio, Zhang, K., van Zyl, P. G., Kerminen, V.-M., Carslaw, K. S., and Pandis, S. N.

Published
2011

20. General overview: European Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions (EUCAARI) – integrating aerosol research from nano to global scales

Author

Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J.-L., Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H.-C., Hov, O., O'Dowd, C. D., Poeschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., de Leeuw, G., van der Gon, H. A. C. Denier, Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D. C. S., Bergstrom, R., Beukes, J. P., Bilde, Merete, Burkhart, J. F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S. L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A. M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R. M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvarinen, A., Horrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevag, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjansson, J.-E., Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V. A., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rizzo, L. V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H. E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W. T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J. J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prevot, A. S. H., Pryor, S., Reddington, C. L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, O., Sellegri, K., Shen, X. J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J. Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J. P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D. R., van Zadelhoff, G.-J., Zardini, Alessandro Alessio, Zhang, K., van Zyl, P. G., Kerminen, V.-M., Carslaw, K. S., Pandis, S. N., Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J.-L., Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H.-C., Hov, O., O'Dowd, C. D., Poeschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., de Leeuw, G., van der Gon, H. A. C. Denier, Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D. C. S., Bergstrom, R., Beukes, J. P., Bilde, Merete, Burkhart, J. F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S. L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A. M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R. M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvarinen, A., Horrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevag, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjansson, J.-E., Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V. A., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rizzo, L. V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H. E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W. T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J. J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prevot, A. S. H., Pryor, S., Reddington, C. L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, O., Sellegri, K., Shen, X. J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J. Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J. P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D. R., van Zadelhoff, G.-J., Zardini, Alessandro Alessio, Zhang, K., van Zyl, P. G., Kerminen, V.-M., Carslaw, K. S., and Pandis, S. N.

Published
2011

21. General overview: European Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions (EUCAARI) - integrating aerosol research from nano to global scales

Author

Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H.K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J.-L., Facchini, M.C., Hansson, H.-C., Hov, Ø., O'Dowd, C.D., Poschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., de Leeuw, G., Denier van der Gon, H.A.C., Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D.C.S., Bergstrom, R., Beukes, J.P., Bilde, M., Burkhart, J.F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S.L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A.M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R.M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvarinen, A., Horrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevag, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjansson, J.-E., Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V.A., Lehtinen, K.E.J., Rizzo, L.V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H.E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W.T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J.J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prevot, A.S.H., Pryor, S., Reddington, C.L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, O., Sellegri, K., Shen, X.J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J.Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J.P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D.R., van Zadelhoff, G.-J., Zardini, A.A., Zhang, K., van Zyl, P.G., Kerminen, V.-M., Carslaw, K.S., Pandis, S.N., Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H.K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J.-L., Facchini, M.C., Hansson, H.-C., Hov, Ø., O'Dowd, C.D., Poschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., de Leeuw, G., Denier van der Gon, H.A.C., Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D.C.S., Bergstrom, R., Beukes, J.P., Bilde, M., Burkhart, J.F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S.L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A.M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R.M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvarinen, A., Horrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevag, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjansson, J.-E., Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V.A., Lehtinen, K.E.J., Rizzo, L.V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H.E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W.T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J.J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prevot, A.S.H., Pryor, S., Reddington, C.L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, O., Sellegri, K., Shen, X.J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J.Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J.P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D.R., van Zadelhoff, G.-J., Zardini, A.A., Zhang, K., van Zyl, P.G., Kerminen, V.-M., Carslaw, K.S., and Pandis, S.N.

Abstract

In this paper we describe and summarize the main achievements of the European Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality Interactions project (EUCAARI). EUCAARI started on 1 January 2007 and ended on 31 December 2010 leaving a rich legacy including: (a) a comprehensive database with a year of observations of the physical, chemical and optical properties of aerosol particles over Europe, (b) comprehensive aerosol measurements in four developing countries, (c) a database of airborne measurements of aerosols and clouds over Europe during May 2008, (d) comprehensive modeling tools to study aerosol processes fron nano to global scale and their effects on climate and air quality. In addition a new Pan-European aerosol emissions inventory was developed and evaluated, a new cluster spectrometer was built and tested in the field and several new aerosol parameterizations and computations modules for chemical transport and global climate models were developed and evaluated. These achievements and related studies have substantially improved our understanding and reduced the uncertainties of aerosol radiative forcing and air quality-climate interactions. The EUCAARI results can be utilized in European and global environmental policy to assess the aerosol impacts and the corresponding abatement strategies.

Published
2011

22. General overview: European Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions (EUCAARI) – integrating aerosol research from nano to global scales

Author

Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J.-L., Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H.-C., Hov, O., O'Dowd, C. D., Poeschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., de Leeuw, G., van der Gon, H. A. C. Denier, Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D. C. S., Bergstrom, R., Beukes, J. P., Bilde, Merete, Burkhart, J. F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S. L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A. M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R. M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvarinen, A., Horrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevag, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjansson, J.-E., Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V. A., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rizzo, L. V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H. E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W. T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J. J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prevot, A. S. H., Pryor, S., Reddington, C. L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, O., Sellegri, K., Shen, X. J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J. Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J. P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D. R., van Zadelhoff, G.-J., Zardini, Alessandro Alessio, Zhang, K., van Zyl, P. G., Kerminen, V.-M., Carslaw, K. S., Pandis, S. N., Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J.-L., Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H.-C., Hov, O., O'Dowd, C. D., Poeschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., de Leeuw, G., van der Gon, H. A. C. Denier, Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D. C. S., Bergstrom, R., Beukes, J. P., Bilde, Merete, Burkhart, J. F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S. L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A. M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R. M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvarinen, A., Horrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevag, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjansson, J.-E., Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V. A., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rizzo, L. V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H. E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W. T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J. J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prevot, A. S. H., Pryor, S., Reddington, C. L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, O., Sellegri, K., Shen, X. J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J. Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J. P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D. R., van Zadelhoff, G.-J., Zardini, Alessandro Alessio, Zhang, K., van Zyl, P. G., Kerminen, V.-M., Carslaw, K. S., and Pandis, S. N.

Published
2011

23. General overview: European Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions (EUCAARI) – integrating aerosol research from nano to global scales

Author

Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J.-L., Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H.-C., Hov, Ø., O'Dowd, C. D., Pöschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., Leeuw, G. de, Gon, H. A. C. Denier van der, Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D. C. S., Bergström, R., Beukes, J. P., Bilde, M., Burkhart, J. F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S. L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A. M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R. M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvärinen, A., Hõrrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevåg, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjánsson, J.-E., Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V. A., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rizzo, L. V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H. E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W. T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J. J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prévôt, A. S. H., Pryor, Sara, Reddington, C. L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, Ø., Sellegri, K., Shen, X. J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J. Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J. P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D. R., Zadelhoff, G.-J. van, Zardini, A. A., Zhang, K., Zyl, P. G. van, Kerminen, V.-M., Carslaw, K. S, Pandis, S. N., Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J.-L., Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H.-C., Hov, Ø., O'Dowd, C. D., Pöschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., Leeuw, G. de, Gon, H. A. C. Denier van der, Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D. C. S., Bergström, R., Beukes, J. P., Bilde, M., Burkhart, J. F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S. L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A. M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R. M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvärinen, A., Hõrrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevåg, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjánsson, J.-E., Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V. A., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rizzo, L. V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H. E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W. T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J. J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prévôt, A. S. H., Pryor, Sara, Reddington, C. L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, Ø., Sellegri, K., Shen, X. J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J. Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J. P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D. R., Zadelhoff, G.-J. van, Zardini, A. A., Zhang, K., Zyl, P. G. van, Kerminen, V.-M., Carslaw, K. S, and Pandis, S. N.

Abstract

In this paper we describe and summarize the main achievements of the European Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality Interactions project (EUCAARI). EUCAARI started on 1 January 2007 and ended on 31 December 2010 leaving a rich legacy including: (a) a comprehensive database with a year of observations of the physical, chemical and optical properties of aerosol particles over Europe, (b) comprehensive aerosol measurements in four developing countries, (c) a database of airborne measurements of aerosols and clouds over Europe during May 2008, (d) comprehensive modeling tools to study aerosol processes fron nano to global scale and their effects on climate and air quality. In addition a new Pan-European aerosol emissions inventory was developed and evaluated, a new cluster spectrometer was built and tested in the field and several new aerosol parameterizations and computations modules for chemical transport and global climate models were developed and evaluated. These achievements and related studies have substantially improved our understanding and reduced the uncertainties of aerosol radiative forcing and air quality-climate interactions. The EUCAARI results can be utilized in European and global environmental policy to assess the aerosol impacts and the corresponding abatement strategies.

Published
2011

24. General overview: European Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions (EUCAARI) – integrating aerosol research from nano to global scales

Author

Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J.-L., Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H.-C., Hov, Ø., O'Dowd, C. D., Pöschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., Leeuw, G. de, Gon, H. A. C. Denier van der, Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D. C. S., Bergström, R., Beukes, J. P., Bilde, M., Burkhart, J. F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S. L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A. M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R. M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvärinen, A., Hõrrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevåg, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjánsson, J.-E., Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V. A., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rizzo, L. V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H. E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W. T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J. J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prévôt, A. S. H., Pryor, Sara, Reddington, C. L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, Ø., Sellegri, K., Shen, X. J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J. Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J. P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D. R., Zadelhoff, G.-J. van, Zardini, A. A., Zhang, K., Zyl, P. G. van, Kerminen, V.-M., Carslaw, K. S, Pandis, S. N., Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Baltensperger, U., Brenguier, J.-L., Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H.-C., Hov, Ø., O'Dowd, C. D., Pöschl, U., Wiedensohler, A., Boers, R., Boucher, O., Leeuw, G. de, Gon, H. A. C. Denier van der, Feichter, J., Krejci, R., Laj, P., Lihavainen, H., Lohmann, U., McFiggans, G., Mentel, T., Pilinis, C., Riipinen, I., Schulz, M., Stohl, A., Swietlicki, E., Vignati, E., Alves, C., Amann, M., Ammann, M., Arabas, S., Artaxo, P., Baars, H., Beddows, D. C. S., Bergström, R., Beukes, J. P., Bilde, M., Burkhart, J. F., Canonaco, F., Clegg, S. L., Coe, H., Crumeyrolle, S., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S., Gilardoni, S., Fischer, M., Fjaeraa, A. M., Fountoukis, C., George, C., Gomes, L., Halloran, P., Hamburger, T., Harrison, R. M., Herrmann, H., Hoffmann, T., Hoose, C., Hu, M., Hyvärinen, A., Hõrrak, U., Iinuma, Y., Iversen, T., Josipovic, M., Kanakidou, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kirkevåg, A., Kiss, G., Klimont, Z., Kolmonen, P., Komppula, M., Kristjánsson, J.-E., Laakso, L., Laaksonen, A., Labonnote, L., Lanz, V. A., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Rizzo, L. V., Makkonen, R., Manninen, H. E., McMeeking, G., Merikanto, J., Minikin, A., Mirme, S., Morgan, W. T., Nemitz, E., O'Donnell, D., Panwar, T. S., Pawlowska, H., Petzold, A., Pienaar, J. J., Pio, C., Plass-Duelmer, C., Prévôt, A. S. H., Pryor, Sara, Reddington, C. L., Roberts, G., Rosenfeld, D., Schwarz, J., Seland, Ø., Sellegri, K., Shen, X. J., Shiraiwa, M., Siebert, H., Sierau, B., Simpson, D., Sun, J. Y., Topping, D., Tunved, P., Vaattovaara, P., Vakkari, V., Veefkind, J. P., Visschedijk, A., Vuollekoski, H., Vuolo, R., Wehner, B., Wildt, J., Woodward, S., Worsnop, D. R., Zadelhoff, G.-J. van, Zardini, A. A., Zhang, K., Zyl, P. G. van, Kerminen, V.-M., Carslaw, K. S, and Pandis, S. N.

Abstract

In this paper we describe and summarize the main achievements of the European Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality Interactions project (EUCAARI). EUCAARI started on 1 January 2007 and ended on 31 December 2010 leaving a rich legacy including: (a) a comprehensive database with a year of observations of the physical, chemical and optical properties of aerosol particles over Europe, (b) comprehensive aerosol measurements in four developing countries, (c) a database of airborne measurements of aerosols and clouds over Europe during May 2008, (d) comprehensive modeling tools to study aerosol processes fron nano to global scale and their effects on climate and air quality. In addition a new Pan-European aerosol emissions inventory was developed and evaluated, a new cluster spectrometer was built and tested in the field and several new aerosol parameterizations and computations modules for chemical transport and global climate models were developed and evaluated. These achievements and related studies have substantially improved our understanding and reduced the uncertainties of aerosol radiative forcing and air quality-climate interactions. The EUCAARI results can be utilized in European and global environmental policy to assess the aerosol impacts and the corresponding abatement strategies.

Published
2011

25. A comparison of dry and wet season aerosol number fluxes over the Amazon rain forest

Author

Ahlm, L., Nilsson, E. D., Krejci, R., Martensson, E. M., Vogt, M., Artaxo, P., Ahlm, L., Nilsson, E. D., Krejci, R., Martensson, E. M., Vogt, M., and Artaxo, P.

Abstract

Vertical number fluxes of aerosol particles and vertical fluxes of CO(2) were measured with the eddy covariance method at the top of a 53 m high tower in the Amazon rain forest as part of the LBA (The Large Scale Biosphere Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia) experiment. The observed aerosol number fluxes included particles with sizes down to 10 nm in diameter. The measurements were carried out during the wet and dry season in 2008. In this study focus is on the dry season aerosol fluxes, with significant influence from biomass burning, and these are compared with aerosol fluxes measured during the wet season. Net particle deposition fluxes dominated in daytime in both seasons and the deposition flux was considerably larger in the dry season due to the much higher dry season particle concentration. The particle transfer velocity increased linearly with increasing friction velocity in both seasons. The difference in transfer velocity between the two seasons was small, indicating that the seasonal change in aerosol number size distribution is not enough for causing any significant change in deposition velocity. In general, particle transfer velocities in this study are low compared to studies over boreal forests. The reasons are probably the high percentage of accumulation mode particles and the low percentage of nucleation mode particles in the Amazon boundary layer, both in the dry and wet season, and low wind speeds in the tropics compared to the midlatitudes. In the dry season, nocturnal particle fluxes behaved very similar to the nocturnal CO(2) fluxes. Throughout the night, the measured particle flux at the top of the tower was close to zero, but early in the morning there was an upward particle flux peak that is not likely a result of entrainment or local pollution. It is possible that these morning upward particle fluxes are associated with emission of primary biogenic particles from the rain forest. Emitted particles may be stored within the canopy during stabl

Published
2010

26. Emission and dry deposition of accumulation mode particles in the Amazon Basin

Author

Ahlm, L., Krejci, R., Nilsson, E. D., Martensson, E. M., Vogt, M., Artaxo, P., Ahlm, L., Krejci, R., Nilsson, E. D., Martensson, E. M., Vogt, M., and Artaxo, P.

Abstract

Size-resolved vertical aerosol number fluxes of particles in the diameter range 0.25-2.5 mu m were measured with the eddy covariance method from a 53 m high tower over the Amazon rain forest, 60 km NNW of Manaus, Brazil. This study focuses on data measured during the relatively clean wet season, but a shorter measurement period from the more polluted dry season is used as a comparison. Size-resolved net particle fluxes of the five lowest size bins, representing 0.25-0.45 mu m in diameter, were in general dominated by deposition in more or less all wind sectors in the wet season. This is an indication that the source of primary biogenic aerosol particles may be small in this particle size range. Transfer velocities within this particle size range were observed to increase linearly with increasing friction velocity and increasing particle diameter. In the diameter range 0.5-2.5 mu m, vertical particle fluxes were highly dependent on wind direction. In wind sectors where anthropogenic influence was low, net upward fluxes were observed. However, in wind sectors associated with higher anthropogenic influence, deposition fluxes dominated. The net upward fluxes were interpreted as a result of primary biogenic aerosol emission, but deposition of anthropogenic particles seems to have masked this emission in wind sectors with higher anthropogenic influence. The net emission fluxes were at maximum in the afternoon when the mixed layer is well developed, and were best correlated with horizontal wind speed according to the equation log(10)F = 0.48.U + 2.21 where F is the net emission number flux of 0.5-2.5 mu m particles [m(-2) s(-1)] and U is the horizontal wind speed [ms(-1)] at the top of the tower.

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. In situ laboratory sea spray production during the Marine Aerosol Production 2006 cruise on the northeastern Atlantic Ocean

Author

Hultin, K.A.H., Nilsson, E.D., Krejci, R., Mrtensson, E.M., Ehn, M., Hagström, Å., Leeuw, G. de, Hultin, K.A.H., Nilsson, E.D., Krejci, R., Mrtensson, E.M., Ehn, M., Hagström, Å., and Leeuw, G. de

Abstract

Bubbles bursting from whitecaps are considered to be the most effective mechanism for particulate matter to be ejected into the atmosphere from the Earth's oceans. To realistically predict the climate effect of marine aerosols, global climate models require process-based understanding of particle formation from bubble bursting. During a cruise on the highly biologically active waters of the northeastern Atlantic Ocean in the summer of 2006, the submicrometer primary marine aerosol produced by a jet of seawater impinging on a seawater surface was investigated. The produced aerosol size spectra were centered on 200 nm in dry diameter and were conservative in shape throughout the cruise. The aerosol number production was negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water (r < -0.6 for particles of dry diameter Dp > 200 nm). An increased surfactant concentration as a result of biological activity affecting the oxygen saturation is thought to diminish the particle production. The lack of influence of chlorophyll on aerosol production indicates that hydrocarbons produced directly by the photosynthesis are not essential for sea spray production. The upward mixing of deeper ocean water as a result of higher wind speed appears to affect the aerosol particle production, making wind speed influence aerosol production in more ways than by increasing the amount of whitecaps. The bubble spectra produced by the jet of seawater was representative of breaking waves at open sea, and the particle number production was positively correlated with increasing bubble number concentration with a peak production of 40-50 particles per bubble. Copyright 2010 by the American Geophysical Union.

Published
2010

28. Explaining global surface aerosol number concentrations in terms of primary emissions and particle formation

Author

Spracklen, D. V., Carslaw, K. S., Merikanto, J., Mann, G. W., Reddington, C. L., Pickering, S., Ogren, J. A., Andrews, E., Baltensperger, U., Weingartner, E., Boy, M., Kulmala, M., Laakso, L., Lihavainen, H., Kivekäs, N., Komppula, M., Mihalopoulos, N., Kouvarakis, G., Jennings, S. G., O'Dowd, C., Birmili, W., Wiedensohler, A., Weller, Rolf, Gras, J., Laj, P., Sellegri, K., Bonn, B., Krejci, R., Laaksonen, A., Hamed, A., Minikin, A., Harrison, R. M., Talbot, R., Sun, J., Spracklen, D. V., Carslaw, K. S., Merikanto, J., Mann, G. W., Reddington, C. L., Pickering, S., Ogren, J. A., Andrews, E., Baltensperger, U., Weingartner, E., Boy, M., Kulmala, M., Laakso, L., Lihavainen, H., Kivekäs, N., Komppula, M., Mihalopoulos, N., Kouvarakis, G., Jennings, S. G., O'Dowd, C., Birmili, W., Wiedensohler, A., Weller, Rolf, Gras, J., Laj, P., Sellegri, K., Bonn, B., Krejci, R., Laaksonen, A., Hamed, A., Minikin, A., Harrison, R. M., Talbot, R., and Sun, J.

Published
2010

29. Explaining global surface aerosol number concentrations in terms of primary emissions and particle formation

Author

Spracklen, D. V., Carslaw, K. S., Merikanto, J., Mann, G. W., Reddington, C. L., Pickering, S., Ogren, J. A., Andrews, E., Baltensperger, U., Weingartner, E., Boy, M., Kulmala, M., Laakso, L., Lihavainen, H., Kivekäs, N., Komppula, M., Mihalopoulos, N., Kouvarakis, G., Jennings, S. G., O'Dowd, C., Birmili, W., Wiedensohler, A., Weller, Rolf, Gras, J., Laj, P., Sellegri, K., Bonn, B., Krejci, R., Laaksonen, A., Hamed, A., Minikin, A., Harrison, R. M., Talbot, R., Sun, J., Spracklen, D. V., Carslaw, K. S., Merikanto, J., Mann, G. W., Reddington, C. L., Pickering, S., Ogren, J. A., Andrews, E., Baltensperger, U., Weingartner, E., Boy, M., Kulmala, M., Laakso, L., Lihavainen, H., Kivekäs, N., Komppula, M., Mihalopoulos, N., Kouvarakis, G., Jennings, S. G., O'Dowd, C., Birmili, W., Wiedensohler, A., Weller, Rolf, Gras, J., Laj, P., Sellegri, K., Bonn, B., Krejci, R., Laaksonen, A., Hamed, A., Minikin, A., Harrison, R. M., Talbot, R., and Sun, J.

Published
2010

30. Aerosol number fluxes over the Amazon rain forest during the wet season

Author

Ahlm, L., Nilsson, E. D., Krejci, R., Martensson, E. M., Vogt, M., Artaxo, P., Ahlm, L., Nilsson, E. D., Krejci, R., Martensson, E. M., Vogt, M., and Artaxo, P.

Abstract

Number fluxes of particles with diameter larger than 10 nm were measured with the eddy covariance method over the Amazon rain forest during the wet season as part of the LBA (The Large Scale Biosphere Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia) campaign 2008. The primary goal was to investigate whether sources or sinks dominate the aerosol number flux in the tropical rain forest-atmosphere system. During the measurement campaign, from 12 March to 18 May, 60% of the particle fluxes pointed downward, which is a similar fraction to what has been observed over boreal forests. The net deposition flux prevailed even in the absolute cleanest atmospheric conditions during the campaign and therefore cannot be explained only by deposition of anthropogenic particles. The particle transfer velocity v(t) increased with increasing friction velocity and the relation is described by the equation v(t) = 2.4x10(-3)xu(*) where u(*) is the friction velocity. Upward particle fluxes often appeared in the morning hours and seem to a large extent to be an effect of entrainment fluxes into a growing mixed layer rather than primary aerosol emission. In general, the number source of primary aerosol particles within the footprint area of the measurements was small, possibly because the measured particle number fluxes reflect mostly particles less than approximately 200 nm. This is an indication that the contribution of primary biogenic aerosol particles to the aerosol population in the Amazon boundary layer may be low in terms of number concentrations. However, the possibility of horizontal variations in primary aerosol emission over the Amazon rain forest cannot be ruled out.

Published
2009

34. Overview of the BACCI (Biosphere-Atmosphere-Cloud-Climate Interactions) studies

Author

Kulmala, M., Kerminen, V.-M., Laaksonen, A., Riipinen, I., Sipilä, M., Ruuskanen, T.M., Sogacheva, L., Hari, P., Bäck, J., Lehtinen, K.E.J., Viisanen, Y., Bilde, M., Svenningsson, B., Lazaridis, M., Torseth, K., Tunsved, P., Nilsson, D, Pryor, S., Sorensen, L.-L., Hörrak, U., Winkler, P.M., Swietlicki, E., Riekkola, M.-L., Krejci, R, Hoyle, C., Hov, G., Myhre, G., Hansson, H, Kulmala, M., Kerminen, V.-M., Laaksonen, A., Riipinen, I., Sipilä, M., Ruuskanen, T.M., Sogacheva, L., Hari, P., Bäck, J., Lehtinen, K.E.J., Viisanen, Y., Bilde, M., Svenningsson, B., Lazaridis, M., Torseth, K., Tunsved, P., Nilsson, D, Pryor, S., Sorensen, L.-L., Hörrak, U., Winkler, P.M., Swietlicki, E., Riekkola, M.-L., Krejci, R, Hoyle, C., Hov, G., Myhre, G., and Hansson, H

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. Arctic smoke - aerosol characteristics during a record smoke event in the European Arctic and its radiative impact

Author

Treffeisen, R., Tunved, P., Ström, Jörg, Herber, A., Bareiss, J., Helbig, Alfred, Stone, R. S., Hoyningen-Huene, W., Krejci, R., Stohl, A., Neuber, R., Treffeisen, R., Tunved, P., Ström, Jörg, Herber, A., Bareiss, J., Helbig, Alfred, Stone, R. S., Hoyningen-Huene, W., Krejci, R., Stohl, A., and Neuber, R.

Abstract

In early May 2006 a record high air pollution event was observed at Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen. An atypical weather pattern established a pathway for the rapid transport of biomass burning aerosols from agricultural fires in Eastern Europe to the Arctic. Atmospheric stability was such that the smoke was constrained to low levels, within 2 km of the surface during the transport. A description of this smoke event in terms of transport and main aerosol characteristics can be found in Stohl et al. (2007). This study puts emphasis on the radiative effect of the smoke. The aerosol number size distribution was characterised by lognormal parameters as having an accumulation mode centered around 165–185 nm and almost 1.6 for geometric standard deviation of the mode. Nucleation and small Aitken mode particles were almost completely suppressed within the smoke plume measured at Ny-Ålesund. Chemical and microphysical aerosol information obtained at Mt. Zeppelin (474 m a.s.l) was used to derive input parameters for a one-dimensional radiation transfer model to explore the radiative effects of the smoke. The daily mean heating rate calculated on 2 May 2006 for the average size distribution and measured chemical composition reached 0.55 K day−1 at 0.5 km altitude for the assumed external mixture of the aerosols but showing much higher heating rates for an internal mixture (1.7 K day−1). In comparison a case study for March 2000 showed that the local climatic effects due to Arctic haze, using a regional climate model, HIRHAM, amounts to a maximum of 0.3 K day−1 of heating at 2 km altitude (Treffeisen et al., 2005).

Published
2007
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Arctic smoke - aerosol characteristics during a record smoke event in the European Arctic and its radiative impact

Author

Treffeisen, R., Tunved, P., Ström, Jörg, Herber, A., Bareiss, J., Helbig, Alfred, Stone, R. S., Hoyningen-Huene, W., Krejci, R., Stohl, A., Neuber, R., Treffeisen, R., Tunved, P., Ström, Jörg, Herber, A., Bareiss, J., Helbig, Alfred, Stone, R. S., Hoyningen-Huene, W., Krejci, R., Stohl, A., and Neuber, R.

Abstract

In early May 2006 a record high air pollution event was observed at Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen. An atypical weather pattern established a pathway for the rapid transport of biomass burning aerosols from agricultural fires in Eastern Europe to the Arctic. Atmospheric stability was such that the smoke was constrained to low levels, within 2 km of the surface during the transport. A description of this smoke event in terms of transport and main aerosol characteristics can be found in Stohl et al. (2007). This study puts emphasis on the radiative effect of the smoke. The aerosol number size distribution was characterised by lognormal parameters as having an accumulation mode centered around 165–185 nm and almost 1.6 for geometric standard deviation of the mode. Nucleation and small Aitken mode particles were almost completely suppressed within the smoke plume measured at Ny-Ålesund. Chemical and microphysical aerosol information obtained at Mt. Zeppelin (474 m a.s.l) was used to derive input parameters for a one-dimensional radiation transfer model to explore the radiative effects of the smoke. The daily mean heating rate calculated on 2 May 2006 for the average size distribution and measured chemical composition reached 0.55 K day−1 at 0.5 km altitude for the assumed external mixture of the aerosols but showing much higher heating rates for an internal mixture (1.7 K day−1). In comparison a case study for March 2000 showed that the local climatic effects due to Arctic haze, using a regional climate model, HIRHAM, amounts to a maximum of 0.3 K day−1 of heating at 2 km altitude (Treffeisen et al., 2005).

Published
2007
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Arctic smoke - aerosol characteristics during a record smoke event in the European Arctic and its radiative impact

Author

Treffeisen, R., Tunved, P., Ström, Jörg, Herber, A., Bareiss, J., Helbig, Alfred, Stone, R. S., Hoyningen-Huene, W., Krejci, R., Stohl, A., Neuber, R., Treffeisen, R., Tunved, P., Ström, Jörg, Herber, A., Bareiss, J., Helbig, Alfred, Stone, R. S., Hoyningen-Huene, W., Krejci, R., Stohl, A., and Neuber, R.

Abstract

In early May 2006 a record high air pollution event was observed at Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen. An atypical weather pattern established a pathway for the rapid transport of biomass burning aerosols from agricultural fires in Eastern Europe to the Arctic. Atmospheric stability was such that the smoke was constrained to low levels, within 2 km of the surface during the transport. A description of this smoke event in terms of transport and main aerosol characteristics can be found in Stohl et al. (2007). This study puts emphasis on the radiative effect of the smoke. The aerosol number size distribution was characterised by lognormal parameters as having an accumulation mode centered around 165–185 nm and almost 1.6 for geometric standard deviation of the mode. Nucleation and small Aitken mode particles were almost completely suppressed within the smoke plume measured at Ny-Ålesund. Chemical and microphysical aerosol information obtained at Mt. Zeppelin (474 m a.s.l) was used to derive input parameters for a one-dimensional radiation transfer model to explore the radiative effects of the smoke. The daily mean heating rate calculated on 2 May 2006 for the average size distribution and measured chemical composition reached 0.55 K day−1 at 0.5 km altitude for the assumed external mixture of the aerosols but showing much higher heating rates for an internal mixture (1.7 K day−1). In comparison a case study for March 2000 showed that the local climatic effects due to Arctic haze, using a regional climate model, HIRHAM, amounts to a maximum of 0.3 K day−1 of heating at 2 km altitude (Treffeisen et al., 2005).

Published
2007
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Vertical profiles of aerosol number concentrations observed during clean conditions in the arctic troposphere in May/June 2004

Author

Minikin, A., Krejci, R., Ström, J., Jacobi, Hans-Werner, Dörnbrack, A., Herber, Andreas, Minikin, A., Krejci, R., Ström, J., Jacobi, Hans-Werner, Dörnbrack, A., and Herber, Andreas

Abstract

In order to improve knowledge on the budget, evolution and climate impact of the tropospheric aerosol in both polar regions, four aircraft experiments are planned by the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) in the Arctic and Antarctic in the course of the years 2004 to 2007 as a joint international collaboration of research groups in Germany, Japan, Sweden and other countries. The first experiment in the Arctic, ASTAR (Arctic Study on Tropospheric Aerosol and Radiation) 2004, has been successfullyperformed in May/June 2004. The Polar 4 of the Alfred Wegener Institute, a Dornier-228 turboprop aircraft, carried an extensive payload to characterize aerosol microphysical, chemical and optical properties as a function of altitude (up to 8 km). In this contribution we report on the results of a combination of different instrumentsproviding information on the vertical and spatial variability of the number concentration, thermal stability and size distribution of aerosol particles in the size range from 0.004 to 20 µm in diameter. In the period May 18 to June 7, 2004, 19 measurement flights were performed which showed that very low aerosol number concentrations in the Aitken and the accumulation mode prevailed throughout this period in the lower troposphere. Accumulation mode and non-volatile particles showed in general increasing concentrations with altitude. First analyses of the origin and transport pathways of these clean polar air masses will be presented.

Published
2005

46. Vertical profiles of aerosol number concentrations observed during clean conditions in the arctic troposphere in May/June 2004

Author

Minikin, A., Krejci, R., Ström, J., Jacobi, Hans-Werner, Dörnbrack, A., Herber, Andreas, Minikin, A., Krejci, R., Ström, J., Jacobi, Hans-Werner, Dörnbrack, A., and Herber, Andreas

Abstract

In order to improve knowledge on the budget, evolution and climate impact of the tropospheric aerosol in both polar regions, four aircraft experiments are planned by the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) in the Arctic and Antarctic in the course of the years 2004 to 2007 as a joint international collaboration of research groups in Germany, Japan, Sweden and other countries. The first experiment in the Arctic, ASTAR (Arctic Study on Tropospheric Aerosol and Radiation) 2004, has been successfullyperformed in May/June 2004. The Polar 4 of the Alfred Wegener Institute, a Dornier-228 turboprop aircraft, carried an extensive payload to characterize aerosol microphysical, chemical and optical properties as a function of altitude (up to 8 km). In this contribution we report on the results of a combination of different instrumentsproviding information on the vertical and spatial variability of the number concentration, thermal stability and size distribution of aerosol particles in the size range from 0.004 to 20 µm in diameter. In the period May 18 to June 7, 2004, 19 measurement flights were performed which showed that very low aerosol number concentrations in the Aitken and the accumulation mode prevailed throughout this period in the lower troposphere. Accumulation mode and non-volatile particles showed in general increasing concentrations with altitude. First analyses of the origin and transport pathways of these clean polar air masses will be presented.

Published
2005

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results