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This is a piece of a column of a Business English Course which Enrico Reggiani wrote and edited for the Italian economics newspaper Il Sole 24 Ore del Lunedì for more than twenty years (1986-2008). In this case, The Financial Times was its original English source. Between 1996 and 2008, Reggiani’s column became weekly and was organized in three sections: THE complete TRANSLATION of a specialized article on socio-political-economic subjects from The Financial Times; THE SPECIALIZED LEXICON: THE DICTIONARY, a commented glossary of the most important specialized terms recurring in the article; THE SPECIALIZED LEXICON: THE KEYWORDS, where fundamental specialized words and phrases from the same article are commented from various points of view: linguistic, literary, cultural, institutional, et al.

This is a piece of a column of a Business English Course which Enrico Reggiani wrote and edited for the Italian economics newspaper Il Sole 24 Ore del Lunedì for more than twenty years (1986-2008). In this case, The Financial Times was its original English source. Between 1996 and 2008, Reggiani’s column became weekly and was organized in three sections: THE complete TRANSLATION of a specialized article on socio-political-economic subjects from The Financial Times; THE SPECIALIZED LEXICON: THE DICTIONARY, a commented glossary of the most important specialized terms recurring in the article; THE SPECIALIZED LEXICON: THE KEYWORDS, where fundamental specialized words and phrases from the same article are commented from various points of view: linguistic, literary, cultural, institutional, et al.

This is an article in a Business English Course column that Enrico Reggiani wrote and edited for the Italian economics newspaper Il Sole 24 Ore for more than twenty years (1986-2008). In this case, The Financial Times was its original English source. Between 1996 and 2008, Reggiani’s column became weekly and was organized in three sections: THE complete TRANSLATION of a specialized article on socio-political-economic subjects from The Financial Times; THE SPECIALIZED LEXICON: THE DICTIONARY, a commented glossary of the most important specialized terms recurring in the article; THE SPECIALIZED LEXICON: THE KEYWORDS, where fundamental specialized words and phrases from the same article were commented on from various points of view: linguistic, literary, cultural, institutional, et al.

This is an article in a Business English Course column that Enrico Reggiani wrote and edited for the Italian economics newspaper Il Sole 24 Ore for more than twenty years (1986-2008). In this case, The Financial Times was its original English source. Between 1996 and 2008, Reggiani’s column became weekly and was organized in three sections: THE complete TRANSLATION of a specialized article on socio-political-economic subjects from The Financial Times; THE SPECIALIZED LEXICON: THE DICTIONARY, a commented glossary of the most important specialized terms recurring in the article; THE SPECIALIZED LEXICON: THE KEYWORDS, where fundamental specialized words and phrases from the same article were commented on from various points of view: linguistic, literary, cultural, institutional, et al.

This is an article in a Business English Course column that Enrico Reggiani wrote and edited for the Italian economics newspaper Il Sole 24 Ore for more than twenty years (1986-2008). In this case, The Financial Times was its original English source. Between 1996 and 2008, Reggiani’s column became weekly and was organized in three sections: THE complete TRANSLATION of a specialized article on socio-political-economic subjects from The Financial Times; THE SPECIALIZED LEXICON: THE DICTIONARY, a commented glossary of the most important specialized terms recurring in the article; THE SPECIALIZED LEXICON: THE KEYWORDS, where fundamental specialized words and phrases from the same article were commented on from various points of view: linguistic, literary, cultural, institutional, et al.

This is an article in a Business English Course column that Enrico Reggiani wrote and edited for the Italian economics newspaper Il Sole 24 Ore for more than twenty years (1986-2008). In this case, The Financial Times was its original English source. Between 1996 and 2008, Reggiani’s column became weekly and was organized in three sections: THE complete TRANSLATION of a specialized article on socio-political-economic subjects from The Financial Times; THE SPECIALIZED LEXICON: THE DICTIONARY, a commented glossary of the most important specialized terms recurring in the article; THE SPECIALIZED LEXICON: THE KEYWORDS, where fundamental specialized words and phrases from the same article were commented on from various points of view: linguistic, literary, cultural, institutional, et al.

This is an article in a Business English Course column that Enrico Reggiani wrote and edited for the Italian economics newspaper Il Sole 24 Ore for more than twenty years (1986-2008). In this case, The Financial Times was its original English source. Between 1996 and 2008, Reggiani’s column became weekly and was organized in three sections: THE complete TRANSLATION of a specialized article on socio-political-economic subjects from The Financial Times; THE SPECIALIZED LEXICON: THE DICTIONARY, a commented glossary of the most important specialized terms recurring in the article; THE SPECIALIZED LEXICON: THE KEYWORDS, where fundamental specialized words and phrases from the same article were commented on from various points of view: linguistic, literary, cultural, institutional, et al.

8 page Funeral Program for Rev. Hayward E. J. Wiggins with services at Gethsemane Missionary Baptist Church, Alpha February 19, 1934 1621 Pleasantville Drive Houston, Texas 77029 ~J~ Thursday, August 14, 1997 7·00 p.m. Omega August 8, 1997 ~(5~ FrIday, August 15, 1997 11·00 a.m. t t t T. R. Williams, Sr., D. MIN. New FaIth Church· Houston, Texas Officiating ~~ \ I \. . Ji . >~, \ . / . f", ;"">"f ~ \ ~ .. !f. . ',./ j H.¥",~~: J~iggins was born February 19, 1934, in Pineville, LlUiSian:£ ~trl..!!nJ,Gerlrude WiggiI;fs;~ _ pt eceded him in death. \ ~"(,'-<-~ ~, . •..•. ' .:i ....r ~. -.""" : .. _, _~:.yJ tReveI,;eJlg..Wiggins grew up in Pineville, Louisiana, where he attended Good Hope :B~p'fistC~urch. Uppn re~eiying Jesus Christ as Savior and Lord, he was baptized by the late Dr P M. Pij~.p:. ) '1' Ajl ..... -11... , ~. ~ HettdU.gg the call of God upon hIS life, Rev. Wiggms accepted the call to the gospel ministry and preached his first sermon at Good Hope Baptist Church where he was licensed and ordained. Reverend Wiggins met and married Audrey Ford, his wife of 45 years. To this union were born three lovely children. This dedicated couple also reared two other children that they accepted as their own. His educational pursuit began in the public school system of Pineville, Louisiana. He later attended Leland College where he pursued the Bachelor of Theology degree which he later received from Union Bible College and Seminary in Houston, Texas. Rev. Wiggins received the graduate degree of Master of Theology and was subsequently honored by the Inter-TheologIcal Center in Houston, Texas with the Doctor of Divimty degree. In his early years of ministry, Pastor Wiggins pastored several churches in the state of LOUIsiana. In the year of 1964, he was called to the pastorate at the Gethsemane Missionary Baptist Church where he served for 33 years until the Lord called him from labor to reward. His religious affiliations are too voluminous to be contained in this writing. However, some of the more prominent accomplishments are as follow· President & Dean of National Baptist Pastor

BnF-Partenariats, Collection sonore - Believe, Contient une table des matières

Funding: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study was partially financed by a predoctoral contract for trainee researchers from the Universidad Complutense de Madrid - Banco Santander Funding Program [CT63/19-CT64/19]. Referencias bibliográficas: • American Psychiatric Association (APA). (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5a edición). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596 • Baio J.,Wiggins L., Christensen D. L., Maenner M. J., Daniels J.,Warren Z., Kurzius-Spencer M., Zahorodny W., Robinson Rosenberg C., White T., Durkin M. S., Imm P., Nikolaou L., Yeargin-Allsopp M., Lee L. C., Harrington R., Lopez M., Fitzgerald R. T., Hewitt A., Pettygrove S. and Dowling N. F. (2018). Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years—Autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network 11 sites, United States, 2014. Surveillance Summaries, 67(6), 1-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/ mmwr.ss6706a1 • Bakker-Huvenaars M. J., Greve C. U., Herpers P., Wiegers E., Jansen, van der Steen R., van Herwaardend A. E., Baanders A. N., Nijhof K.S., Scheepers F., Rommelse N., Glennon J. C. and Buitelaar J. K. (2020). Saliva oxytocin, cortisol, and testosterone levels in adolescent boys with autism spectrum disorder, oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder and typically developing individuals. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 30, 87-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.07.097 • Balboni G., Rebecchini G., Elisei S. and Tass´eM. J. (2020). Factors affecting the relationship between adaptive behavior and challenging behaviors in individuals with intellectual disability and co-occurring disorders. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 104, 103718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103718 • Blanchard A., Chihuri S., DiGuiseppi C. G. and Li G. (2021). Risk of Self-harm in Children and Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A, This study aimed at analyzing the differences in challenging behaviors between adults with intellectual disability and ASD and those who only had intellectual disability, as well as to explore associations between transdiagnostic and clinical variables to these differences. Therapists and educators of 163 adults with intellectual disability (83 with additional ASD diagnosis) completed the test battery. Mean difference analysis and univariate analyses of covariance were performed to determine the impact of clinical variables and transdiagnostic variables on the frequency and severity of challenging behaviors. Results showed that adults with ASD and intellectual disability presented higher frequency and severity of these behaviors. A significant effect of the diagnosis of ASD on the frequency and severity of self-injuries and stereotypies was found. Also, some transdiagnostic variables influencing the presence of these behaviors were highlighted. These factors should be considered when planning and designing interventions for behavioral problems in this population, Complutense de Madrid - Banco Santander Funding Program, Depto. de Personalidad, Evaluación y Psicología Clínica, Fac. de Educación, TRUE, pub

Columbus City Directory of 1889-1890 comprising an alphabetically arranged list of business firms and private citizens, city and county officers, public schools, churches, banks, secret and benevolent societies, etc.

The contribution of germline copy number variants (CNVs) to risk of developing cancer in individuals with pathogenic BRCA1 or BRCA2 variants remains relatively unknown. We conducted the largest genome-wide analysis of CNVs in 15,342 BRCA1 and 10,740 BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. We used these results to prioritise a candidate breast cancer risk-modifier gene for laboratory analysis and biological validation. Notably, the HR for deletions in BRCA1 suggested an elevated breast cancer risk estimate (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.21), 95% confidence interval (95% CI = 1.09-1.35) compared with non-CNV pathogenic variants. In contrast, deletions overlapping SULT1A1 suggested a decreased breast cancer risk (HR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.59-0.91) in BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers. Functional analyses of SULT1A1 showed that reduced mRNA expression in pathogenic BRCA1 variant cells was associated with reduced cellular proliferation and reduced DNA damage after treatment with DNA damaging agents. These data provide evidence that deleterious variants in BRCA1 plus SULT1A1 deletions contribute to variable breast cancer risk in BRCA1 carriers.

The contribution of germline copy number variants (CNVs) to risk of developing cancer in individuals with pathogenic BRCA1 or BRCA2 variants remains relatively unknown. We conducted the largest genome-wide analysis of CNVs in 15,342 BRCA1 and 10,740 BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. We used these results to prioritise a candidate breast cancer risk-modifier gene for laboratory analysis and biological validation. Notably, the HR for deletions in BRCA1 suggested an elevated breast cancer risk estimate (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.21), 95% confidence interval (95% CI = 1.09-1.35) compared with non-CNV pathogenic variants. In contrast, deletions overlapping SULT1A1 suggested a decreased breast cancer risk (HR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.59-0.91) in BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers. Functional analyses of SULT1A1 showed that reduced mRNA expression in pathogenic BRCA1 variant cells was associated with reduced cellular proliferation and reduced DNA damage after treatment with DNA damaging agents. These data provide evidence that deleterious variants in BRCA1 plus SULT1A1 deletions contribute to variable breast cancer risk in BRCA1 carriers.

The contribution of germline copy number variants (CNVs) to risk of developing cancer in individuals with pathogenic BRCA1 or BRCA2 variants remains relatively unknown. We conducted the largest genome-wide analysis of CNVs in 15,342 BRCA1 and 10,740 BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. We used these results to prioritise a candidate breast cancer risk-modifier gene for laboratory analysis and biological validation. Notably, the HR for deletions in BRCA1 suggested an elevated breast cancer risk estimate (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.21), 95% confidence interval (95% CI = 1.09-1.35) compared with non-CNV pathogenic variants. In contrast, deletions overlapping SULT1A1 suggested a decreased breast cancer risk (HR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.59-0.91) in BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers. Functional analyses of SULT1A1 showed that reduced mRNA expression in pathogenic BRCA1 variant cells was associated with reduced cellular proliferation and reduced DNA damage after treatment with DNA damaging agents. These data provide evidence that deleterious variants in BRCA1 plus SULT1A1 deletions contribute to variable breast cancer risk in BRCA1 carriers.

Openness and collaboration in scientific research are attracting increasing attention from scholars and practitioners alike. However, a common understanding of these phenomena is hindered by disciplinary boundaries and disconnected research streams. We link dispersed knowledge on Open Innovation, Open Science, and related concepts such as Responsible Research and Innovation by proposing a unifying Open Innovation in Science (OIS) Research Framework. This framework captures the antecedents, contingencies, and consequences of open and collaborative practices along the entire process of generating and disseminating scientific insights and translating them into innovation. Moreover, it elucidates individual-, team-, organisation-, field-, and society‐level factors shaping OIS practices. To conceptualise the framework, we employed a collaborative approach involving 47 scholars from multiple disciplines, highlighting both tensions and commonalities between existing approaches. The OIS Research Framework thus serves as a basis for future research, informs policy discussions, and provides guidance to scientists and practitioners.

Openness and collaboration in scientific research are attracting increasing attention from scholars and practitioners alike. However, a common understanding of these phenomena is hindered by disciplinary boundaries and disconnected research streams. We link dispersed knowledge on Open Innovation, Open Science, and related concepts such as Responsible Research and Innovation by proposing a unifying Open Innovation in Science (OIS) Research Framework. This framework captures the antecedents, contingencies, and consequences of open and collaborative practices along the entire process of generating and disseminating scientific insights and translating them into innovation. Moreover, it elucidates individual-, team-, organisation-, field-, and society‐level factors shaping OIS practices. To conceptualise the framework, we employed a collaborative approach involving 47 scholars from multiple disciplines, highlighting both tensions and commonalities between existing approaches. The OIS Research Framework thus serves as a basis for future research, informs policy discussions, and provides guidance to scientists and practitioners.

6 page Funeral Program for Sister Joyce Elaine Handy with services at Gethsemane Missionary Baptist Church, Alpl". ~I"rcl. 5, 194·6 ()-rUt-gil s.pk",L ... 2'~, 1998 Tucsduy, SClltClllilClo 29, 1998 11:00 A.M. ~ ~ GctllSCTUilIlC JVhsslonary Ibpbsl: Clllll"cll 8T15 I-:la t~shl p Dnve I JUl1S\OIl 'rex,ls 77029 }~cvcrcIHl Dcnnls C Jones ll asLor and OfficIant Obituary On Marcll 5, 1946, a baby girl was born to the parenls of Clarence and l~uby Dorian. 'They named her Joyce Elaine She was christened at Our Mother of Mercy Catholic Church. Later, she Joined and was baptized at Gethsemane Missionary Baptist Church under the leadership of the la~e Reverend Hayward E J Wiggins. She served on the Pastor's Helper Board. She served faithful until her health began to faJ her Joyce attended Our Mother of Mercy CatholIC Church School, E a Smith Junior High School, and graduated from phillis Wheatley Senior High School in 1964. After graduation, she attended the Durham Business College She later attended Nursing School and received a degree as a Registered Nurse. In 1975, she was employed with the City of Houston for 14 years. In 1985, she met and marned Herman Handy No children were born to tlus union. In 1989, she became severely ill and was forced to retIre. She leaves to cherish her memory, her loving and devoted husband, Herman Handy; her lOVIng, caring, best fnend and devoted mother, I~uby Stots, her father, Clarence Dorian, her stepfather, Leon Stots; two sisters, Patricia Glenn and Richelle Brown; three brothers, Darryl Stots, Joseph Dorian and Andre' Dorian; three neices, two nephews, and one adopted niece. A host of aunts, uncles, relahvcs and friends. AC~I1VE PAlLBEARERS Deacons and Trustees Gethsemane IvlissicHlal), Baptist Church HONORARY PALLBEARl3RS Darryl Slots Lionel Flanagan Donald Flanagan Andre Cooper ACKNOWI.I3DGMEN"'rS 'I11efamily of the lale Sisler Joyce Handy would lihe to thank you with sin cere gratitude and appreciation f:orthe l.·indness aud cOlnforting expressions of sympalhy you have shown during the losl of theIr loved one. May God bless and keep each of yo

Many quantitative cell biology questions require fast yet reliable automated image segmentation to identify and link cells from frame-to-frame, and characterize the cell morphology and fluorescence. We present SuperSegger, an automated MATLAB-based image processing package well-suited to quantitative analysis of high-throughput live-cell fluorescence microscopy of bacterial cells. SuperSegger incorporates machine-learning algorithms to optimize cellular boundaries and automated error resolution to reliably link cells from frame-to-frame. Unlike existing packages, it can reliably segment micro-colonies with many cells, facilitating the analysis of cell-cycle dynamics in bacteria as well as cell-contact mediated phenomena. This package has a range of built-in capabilities for characterizing bacterial cells, including the identification of cell division events, mother, daughter, and neighboring cells, and computing statistics on cellular fluorescence, the location and intensity of fluorescent foci. SuperSegger provides a variety of post-processing data visualization tools for single cell and population level analysis, such as histograms, kymographs, frame mosaics, movies, and consensus images. Finally, we demonstrate the power of the package by analyzing lag phase growth with single cell resolution. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Many quantitative cell biology questions require fast yet reliable automated image segmentation to identify and link cells from frame-to-frame, and characterize the cell morphology and fluorescence. We present SuperSegger, an automated MATLAB-based image processing package well-suited to quantitative analysis of high-throughput live-cell fluorescence microscopy of bacterial cells. SuperSegger incorporates machine-learning algorithms to optimize cellular boundaries and automated error resolution to reliably link cells from frame-to-frame. Unlike existing packages, it can reliably segment micro-colonies with many cells, facilitating the analysis of cell-cycle dynamics in bacteria as well as cell-contact mediated phenomena. This package has a range of built-in capabilities for characterizing bacterial cells, including the identification of cell division events, mother, daughter, and neighboring cells, and computing statistics on cellular fluorescence, the location and intensity of fluorescent foci. SuperSegger provides a variety of post-processing data visualization tools for single cell and population level analysis, such as histograms, kymographs, frame mosaics, movies, and consensus images. Finally, we demonstrate the power of the package by analyzing lag phase growth with single cell resolution. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

El propósito de este estudio fue observar si los estilos de liderazgo del personal directivo de una Universidad privada en Bogotá, se relacionan con el nivel de Resiliencia de los colaboradores, considerando sus características sociodemográficas. Para ello se aplicó el Cuestionario Multifactorial de Liderazgo [MLQ], la versión en castellano de la Escala de Resiliencia de Heilemann, desarrollada por Wagnild y Young (1993) y un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos a 680 trabajadores académicos y académicos administrativos pertenecientes a una universidad privada de la ciudad de Bogotá. Previo consentimiento informado, se procedió a la aplicación colectiva y anónima de los instrumentos. Los resultados mostraron que la percepción del estilo de liderazgo por parte de los colaboradores no se relaciona de forma significativa con su nivel de Resiliencia, lo cual destaca la importancia de estudiar si la Resiliencia debe ser entendida más como un rasgo o como un estado. Por otra parte, el análisis de la diferencia entre grupos demostró que los estilos de Liderazgo Transformacional y Transaccional favorecen los niveles medios y altos de Resiliencia y que el estilo Pasivo/Evitador no. Las variables socio demográficas se relaciona con los estilos de liderazgo corroborando que el liderazgo es un proceso interaccional que depende de las atribuciones que hace el directivo de sus colaboradores. Los análisis permiten afirmar que la combinación de alto Liderazgo Transformacional y Transaccional junto con bajos niveles de Comportamiento Pasivo/Evitador conduce a mejorar el desempeño organizacional medido en altos niveles de Esfuerzo Extra, Efectividad y Satisfacción. Son necesarios nuevos estudios que incluyan las mediciones de los estilos por parte de los colaboradores y del directivo, y que a su vez se evalúe la resiliencia como rasgo y como estado; dichos estudios deberían incorporar culturas distintas y similares de un mismo sector y de diversos sectores, a fin de determinar el, The purpose of this study was to observe whether managers’ leadership styles of a private university in Bogotá are related with the level of resilience of employees, considering their demographic characteristics. For this, the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire [MLQ], the spanish version of the Resilience Scale Heilemann, Wagnild and developed by Young (1993), and a socio-demographic questionnaire, was applied to 680 academic and administrative workers belonging to a university in Bogota. The results showed that the perception of leadership style by subordinates is not significantly related to their level of resilience, which highlights the importance of studying whether Resilience should be understood more as a feature or as a state. Moreover, analysis of the difference between groups showed that the styles of transformational and transactional leadership engaged the middle and upper resilience level. Sociodemographic variables are related to leadership styles, then leadership is an interactional process that depends of the manager’s opinion about his subordinated. The analyzes support the conclusion that the combination of high transformational and transactional leadership style with low levels of Passive / Avoider style improved organizational performance measured in high levels of extra effort, effectiveness and satisfaction. Other studies that include measurements of styles by employees and the directors are necessary, these studies should incorporate instruments that measure resilience like a trait and resilience like a status. These studies should include different cultures and similar cultures, within a sector and within different sectors to determine the potential impact of culture in the relationship between leadership styles and the subordinates’ resilience level. A research that evaluates the relationship between leadership styles and all psychological capital variables is necessary to identify how those styles affect the development of psychological r, Universidad del Rosario

This French Second Empire styled home was probably first owned by Joseph Ruess Starr. It became a hospital in 1892 when it was purchased by the Protestant Hospital Association, who occupied the building until 1898. It became the Keeley Institute, which offered cures for alcoholism, morphine usage, tobacco habits and neurasthenia, in 1903. Between 1920 and 1940 the Radium Hospital occupied the building. In 1940 three osteopathic doctors: Ralph S. Licklider, Harold E. Clybourne and James O. Watson, purchased the Radium Hospital and opened Doctors Hospital. The old home became the central part of the Hospital as additions were constructed, until it was finally demolished in December 1966 as part of a renovation and expansion of the Hospital.

An interior view of the Merchants and Manufacturers National Bank. The building was completed in 1886 and demolished in 1945.

A view of the main entrance to the Merchants and Manufacturers National Bank. The building was completed in 1886 and demolished in 1945. It was designed by Elah Terrell.

© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2008. Acknowledgements One of the authors (A.I.) would like to thank MEC Spain and UCM for mobility financing and facilities under SAB2005-0018. This research was partially supported by Project MAT2006-01259., Sintering of a mixture of TeO_2 and ZnO powders under an Ar flux leads to the formation of elongated Te-doped ZnO nano- and microstructures on the sample surface. The growth of the structures occurs via a vapour-solid process. Cathodoluminescence (CL) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) measurements show an inhomogeneous incorporation of Te along the growth axis of the structures. An enhancement of the band edge emission upon Te doping is attributed to the passivation of oxygen vacancies by Te atoms, which reduces the deep energy level-related recombination path., MEC Spain, UCM, Depto. de Física de Materiales, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub

© 2005 IOP Publishing Ltd. This work was supported by MCYT (Project MAT2003-00455), by CAM(ProjectMAT/0630/2004) and by EU project HPMT-CT-2001-00215. JG acknowledges the Marie Curie fellowship in the framework of this project (Grant HPMT-GH-01-0021503)., Sintering of ZnO pressed powder under Ar flow at temperatures between 1250 and 1300 degrees C leads to the formation of elongated microstructures and nanostructures, with different morphologies, on the sample surface. Rods and needles with cross-sectional dimensions ranging from tens of nanometres to several tens of microns and up to hundreds of microns in length are obtained. In an advanced stage of growth, nanoneedles are frequently arranged in bundles, forming the walls of tubes with different cross-sectional dimensions. In addition, microcombs and microfeathers consisting of well oriented nanoneedles are observed. Cathodoluminescence (CL) in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) has been used to characterize the structures grown. The formation of the elongated structures causes spectral changes, in particular an enhancement of the green-orange luminescence. High CL emission from the internal surface of the tubes has been observed., MCYT, CAM, EU, Depto. de Física de Materiales, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub

The contribution of germline copy number variants (CNVs) to risk of developing cancer in individuals with pathogenic BRCA1 or BRCA2 variants remains relatively unknown. We conducted the largest genome-wide analysis of CNVs in 15,342 BRCA1 and 10,740 BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. We used these results to prioritise a candidate breast cancer risk-modifier gene for laboratory analysis and biological validation. Notably, the HR for deletions in BRCA1 suggested an elevated breast cancer risk estimate (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.21), 95% confidence interval (95% CI = 1.09-1.35) compared with non-CNV pathogenic variants. In contrast, deletions overlapping SULT1A1 suggested a decreased breast cancer risk (HR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.59-0.91) in BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers. Functional analyses of SULT1A1 showed that reduced mRNA expression in pathogenic BRCA1 variant cells was associated with reduced cellular proliferation and reduced DNA damage after treatment with DNA damaging agents. These data provide evidence that deleterious variants in BRCA1 plus SULT1A1 deletions contribute to variable breast cancer risk in BRCA1 carriers.