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Chengning Zhang,1,* Suyan Duan,1,* Miao Guo,2 Yanggang Yuan,1 Zhimin Huang,1 Jingfeng Zhu,1 Bin Sun,1 Bo Zhang,1 Changying Xing1 1Departments of Nephrology; 2Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Changying XingDepartment of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-25-6830-6462Email cyxing62@126.comBackground: Tacrolimus (TAC) is beneficial for patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). It has a narrow therapeutic concentration range and many factors influence TAC blood concentration. CYP3A5 is the most important enzyme in TAC metabolism. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of CYP3A5 gene polymorphisms on the efficacy and safety of TAC in IMN patients.Patients and Methods: Patients with IMN who received oral TAC (0.05– 0.075mg/kg/day) combined with prednisone (0.5mg/kg/day) from March 2016 to October 2018 were included. The data of clinical characteristics, therapeutic drugs and adverse reactions of patients were collected at baseline and during 24 weeks of treatment. Patients were divided into two groups according to different CYP3A5 genetic polymorphisms. The significant differences in the efficacy and side effects between the two groups were analyzed.Results: A total of 76 patients who completed follow-up were divided into CYP3A5 nonexpresser (CYP3A5*3/*3) group and CYP3A5 expresser (CYP3A5 *1/*3) group. The significant association between the CYP3A5 phenotype and TAC metabolism was observed. A total of 43 case-times patients exhibited adverse effects. The infection rate in CYP3A5 nonexpresser group (21.95%) was remarkably higher than the rate in CYP3A5 expresser group (5.71%). Blood co

This paper proposes a scenario analysis to address whether the national and provincial CO2 emissions intensity reduction target during 2016-2020 would be achievable for China's power industry with the identification of change on carbon productivity. This productivity indicator is further decomposed to investigate contributions of different sources to productivity growth when there exists technological heterogeneity. Evaluation results show that even if all electricity-generating units in each region were able to adopt the best practice, the nationwide 18% intensity reduction target is not feasible through improving technical efficiency or upgrading technology on electricity generation and carbon abatement in a short or medium term. The existence of regional technological heterogeneity in power generation and associated CO2 emissions reduction processes implies the necessity of more differentiated regulations and policies for emission reduction across China's regions and inter-regional technology transfer. The emerging national emission trading scheme could easy some challenges in formulating emission policy for heterogeneous regions., QC 20180919