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Objectives: To evaluate the effect of various Remineralizing agents on Intact Human dentin surface exposed to a demineralizing agent quantitatively using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).Materials and methods: 10 Freshly extracted intact human premolars from patients of age group 14-18 yrs extracted for orthodontic purposes were used for the study. 40 dentinal sections of size measuring 4 x 4 x 2 mm were prepared from the surfaces of teeth. All the specimens were then divided into 4 groups of 10 specimens. Group I (Control Group) - No Surface treatment, stored in artificial saliva only. Group II (Control Group) - Demineralization only, No surface treatment with remineralizing agent. Group III - Demineralization followed by CPP-ACFP [4 mins twice daily for 14 days]. Group IV - Demineralization followed by β-TCP [4 mins twice daily for 14 days]. Specimens were stored in artificial saliva throughout the study. Artificial saliva was then evaluated for calcium dissolution using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). Data obtained were compared and statistically analysed using one way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test.Results: Both the Remineralizing agents showed resistance to release of calcium and phosphate from dentin. Group 3 (CPP-ACPF) Showed lesser release of calcium and phosphate when compared to group 4 (β-TCP) which was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Both the remineralizing agents tested showed resistance to release of calcium and phosphate from dentin on simulation of oral conditions. Among the Remineralizing agents tested, Fluoride Enriched Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACPF) showed marginally better remineralization potential on dentin than Beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP).

Aims: To investigate the correlation between nitric oxide concentration (NO2 + NO3) in saliva and CD4+ count in HIV infected individuals. Study design: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 60 proven HIV-positive patients selected randomly from the ART centres.Methodology: Two groups e Control (n = 30) and study group (n = 60). The study group was divided into Group I (CD4+ count >200/cu.mm) and Group II (CD4+ count<200/cu.mm). Unstimulated saliva was collected and nitric oxide (NO2 + NO3) was estimated by Griess method. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA and Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test.Results: The mean level of nitric oxide (NO2 + NO3) in control group was 43.95 ± 3.64 and in Group I with CD4 >200/cu.mm and Group II with CD4 <200/cu.mm was 51.98 ± 4.08 and 59.78 ± 4.18 respectively. ‘p’ value was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). The mean difference between Control and Group I was -7.937 (P < 0.001), Control and Group II was -15.80 (P < 0.001) and Group I and Group II was -7.867 (P < 0.001) from Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test.Conclusions: From our study it is now evident that salivary nitric oxide (NO2 + NO3) can serve as an indicator of HIV replication and saliva shows a strong potential to perform tests that are done currently in blood.

Aims: To investigate the correlation between nitric oxide concentration (NO2 + NO3) in saliva and CD4+ count in HIV infected individuals. Study design: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 60 proven HIV-positive patients selected randomly from the ART centres.Methodology: Two groups e Control (n = 30) and study group (n = 60). The study group was divided into Group I (CD4+ count >200/cu.mm) and Group II (CD4+ count<200/cu.mm). Unstimulated saliva was collected and nitric oxide (NO2 + NO3) was estimated by Griess method. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA and Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test.Results: The mean level of nitric oxide (NO2 + NO3) in control group was 43.95 ± 3.64 and in Group I with CD4 >200/cu.mm and Group II with CD4 <200/cu.mm was 51.98 ± 4.08 and 59.78 ± 4.18 respectively. ‘p’ value was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). The mean difference between Control and Group I was -7.937 (P < 0.001), Control and Group II was -15.80 (P < 0.001) and Group I and Group II was -7.867 (P < 0.001) from Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test.Conclusions: From our study it is now evident that salivary nitric oxide (NO2 + NO3) can serve as an indicator of HIV replication and saliva shows a strong potential to perform tests that are done currently in blood.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of various Remineralizing agents on Intact Human dentin surface exposed to a demineralizing agent quantitatively using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).Materials and methods: 10 Freshly extracted intact human premolars from patients of age group 14-18 yrs extracted for orthodontic purposes were used for the study. 40 dentinal sections of size measuring 4 x 4 x 2 mm were prepared from the surfaces of teeth. All the specimens were then divided into 4 groups of 10 specimens. Group I (Control Group) - No Surface treatment, stored in artificial saliva only. Group II (Control Group) - Demineralization only, No surface treatment with remineralizing agent. Group III - Demineralization followed by CPP-ACFP [4 mins twice daily for 14 days]. Group IV - Demineralization followed by β-TCP [4 mins twice daily for 14 days]. Specimens were stored in artificial saliva throughout the study. Artificial saliva was then evaluated for calcium dissolution using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). Data obtained were compared and statistically analysed using one way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test.Results: Both the Remineralizing agents showed resistance to release of calcium and phosphate from dentin. Group 3 (CPP-ACPF) Showed lesser release of calcium and phosphate when compared to group 4 (β-TCP) which was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Both the remineralizing agents tested showed resistance to release of calcium and phosphate from dentin on simulation of oral conditions. Among the Remineralizing agents tested, Fluoride Enriched Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACPF) showed marginally better remineralization potential on dentin than Beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP).

Aims: To investigate the correlation between nitric oxide concentration (NO2 + NO3) in saliva and CD4+ count in HIV infected individuals. Study design: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 60 proven HIV-positive patients selected randomly from the ART centres.Methodology: Two groups e Control (n = 30) and study group (n = 60). The study group was divided into Group I (CD4+ count >200/cu.mm) and Group II (CD4+ count<200/cu.mm). Unstimulated saliva was collected and nitric oxide (NO2 + NO3) was estimated by Griess method. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA and Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test.Results: The mean level of nitric oxide (NO2 + NO3) in control group was 43.95 ± 3.64 and in Group I with CD4 >200/cu.mm and Group II with CD4 <200/cu.mm was 51.98 ± 4.08 and 59.78 ± 4.18 respectively. ‘p' value was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). The mean difference between Control and Group I was -7.937 (P < 0.001), Control and Group II was -15.80 (P < 0.001) and Group I and Group II was -7.867 (P < 0.001) from Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test.Conclusions: From our study it is now evident that salivary nitric oxide (NO2 + NO3) can serve as an indicator of HIV replication and saliva shows a strong potential to perform tests that are done currently in blood.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of various Remineralizing agents on Intact Human dentin surface exposed to a demineralizing agent quantitatively using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).Materials and methods: 10 Freshly extracted intact human premolars from patients of age group 14-18 yrs extracted for orthodontic purposes were used for the study. 40 dentinal sections of size measuring 4 x 4 x 2 mm were prepared from the surfaces of teeth. All the specimens were then divided into 4 groups of 10 specimens. Group I (Control Group) - No Surface treatment, stored in artificial saliva only. Group II (Control Group) - Demineralization only, No surface treatment with remineralizing agent. Group III - Demineralization followed by CPP-ACFP [4 mins twice daily for 14 days]. Group IV - Demineralization followed by β-TCP [4 mins twice daily for 14 days]. Specimens were stored in artificial saliva throughout the study. Artificial saliva was then evaluated for calcium dissolution using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). Data obtained were compared and statistically analysed using one way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test.Results: Both the Remineralizing agents showed resistance to release of calcium and phosphate from dentin. Group 3 (CPP-ACPF) Showed lesser release of calcium and phosphate when compared to group 4 (β-TCP) which was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Both the remineralizing agents tested showed resistance to release of calcium and phosphate from dentin on simulation of oral conditions. Among the Remineralizing agents tested, Fluoride Enriched Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACPF) showed marginally better remineralization potential on dentin than Beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP).

Aims: To investigate the correlation between nitric oxide concentration (NO2 + NO3) in saliva and CD4+ count in HIV infected individuals. Study design: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 60 proven HIV-positive patients selected randomly from the ART centres.Methodology: Two groups e Control (n = 30) and study group (n = 60). The study group was divided into Group I (CD4+ count >200/cu.mm) and Group II (CD4+ count<200/cu.mm). Unstimulated saliva was collected and nitric oxide (NO2 + NO3) was estimated by Griess method. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA and Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test.Results: The mean level of nitric oxide (NO2 + NO3) in control group was 43.95 ± 3.64 and in Group I with CD4 >200/cu.mm and Group II with CD4 <200/cu.mm was 51.98 ± 4.08 and 59.78 ± 4.18 respectively. ‘p' value was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). The mean difference between Control and Group I was -7.937 (P < 0.001), Control and Group II was -15.80 (P < 0.001) and Group I and Group II was -7.867 (P < 0.001) from Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test.Conclusions: From our study it is now evident that salivary nitric oxide (NO2 + NO3) can serve as an indicator of HIV replication and saliva shows a strong potential to perform tests that are done currently in blood.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of various Remineralizing agents on Intact Human dentin surface exposed to a demineralizing agent quantitatively using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).Materials and methods: 10 Freshly extracted intact human premolars from patients of age group 14-18 yrs extracted for orthodontic purposes were used for the study. 40 dentinal sections of size measuring 4 x 4 x 2 mm were prepared from the surfaces of teeth. All the specimens were then divided into 4 groups of 10 specimens. Group I (Control Group) - No Surface treatment, stored in artificial saliva only. Group II (Control Group) - Demineralization only, No surface treatment with remineralizing agent. Group III - Demineralization followed by CPP-ACFP [4 mins twice daily for 14 days]. Group IV - Demineralization followed by β-TCP [4 mins twice daily for 14 days]. Specimens were stored in artificial saliva throughout the study. Artificial saliva was then evaluated for calcium dissolution using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). Data obtained were compared and statistically analysed using one way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test.Results: Both the Remineralizing agents showed resistance to release of calcium and phosphate from dentin. Group 3 (CPP-ACPF) Showed lesser release of calcium and phosphate when compared to group 4 (β-TCP) which was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Both the remineralizing agents tested showed resistance to release of calcium and phosphate from dentin on simulation of oral conditions. Among the Remineralizing agents tested, Fluoride Enriched Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACPF) showed marginally better remineralization potential on dentin than Beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP).

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