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The article addresses the way in which the Sandinista Popular Revolution and the institutionalization process of neoliberalism influenced –through the ac-tions carried out by its highest representatives–the reconfiguration of the structure and correlation of forces in the field of urban work in Nicaragua from 1980 to 2002; it also explains the way in which the material and symbolic struggles deployed within this social field were crystallizing. The article ends with a brief reflection on the process that led to the unionization of self-em-ployed workers in the Confederation of Self-Employed Workers, El artículo aborda la manera en que la Revolución Popular Sandinista y el proceso de institucionalización del neoliberalismo, a través de las acciones llevadas a cabo por sus máximos representantes y gestores, influyeron en la reconfiguración de la estructura y correlación de fuerzas en el campo del trabajo urbano en Nicaragua en el período de 1980-2002; también trata la manera en que las luchas materiales y simbólicas desplegadas en el seno de dicho campo social se fueron cristalizando. Finaliza con una breve reflexión en torno al proceso que dio lugar a la sindicalización de las personas trabajadoras por cuenta propia en la Confederación de Trabajadores por Cuenta Propia.

The hunter and gatherer approach copes with the problem of dynamic multi-robot task allocation, where tasks are unknowingly distributed over an environment. This approach employs two complementary teams of agents: one agile in exploring (hunters) and another dexterous in completing (gatherers) the tasks. Although this approach has been studied from the task planning point of view in our previous works, the multi-robot exploration and coordination aspects of the problem remain uninvestigated. This paper proposes a multi-robot exploration algorithm for hunters based on innovative notions of "expected information gain" to minimize the collective cost of task accomplishments in a distributed manner. Besides, we present a coordination solution between hunters and gatherers by integrating the novel notion of profit margins into the concept of expected information gain. Statistical analysis of extensive simulation results confirms the efficacy of the proposed algorithms compared in different environments with varying levels of obstacles complexities. We also demonstrate that the lack of effective coordination between hunters and gatherers significantly hurts the total effectiveness of the planning, especially in environments containing dense obstacles and confined corridors. Finally, it is statistically proven that the overall workload is distributed equally for each type of agent which ensures that the proposed solution is not biased to a particular agent and all agents behave analogously under similar characteristics., Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1912.05748

Consider a dynamic task allocation problem, where tasks are unknowingly distributed over an environment. This paper considers each task comprised of two sequential subtasks: detection and completion, where each subtask can only be carried out by a certain type of agent. We address this problem using a novel nature-inspired approach called "hunter and gatherer". The proposed method employs two complementary teams of agents: one agile in detecting (hunters) and another skillful in completing (gatherers) the tasks. To minimize the collective cost of task accomplishments in a distributed manner, a game-theoretic solution is introduced to couple agents from complementary teams. We utilize market-based negotiation models to develop incentive-based decision-making algorithms relying on innovative notions of "certainty and uncertainty profit margins". The simulation results demonstrate that employing two complementary teams of hunters and gatherers can effectually improve the number of tasks completed by agents compared to conventional methods, while the collective cost of accomplishments is minimized. In addition, the stability and efficacy of the proposed solutions are studied using Nash equilibrium analysis and statistical analysis respectively. It is also numerically shown that the proposed solutions function fairly, i.e. for each type of agent, the overall workload is distributed equally., Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures

Psi4 is an ab initio electronic structure program providing methods such as Hartree-Fock, density functional theory, configuration interaction, and coupled-cluster theory. The 1.1 release represents a major update meant to automate complex tasks, such as geometry optimization using complete-basis-set extrapolation or focal-point methods. Conversion of the top-level code to a Python module means that Psi4 can now be used in complex workflows alongside other Python tools. Several new features have been added with the aid of libraries providing easy access to techniques such as density fitting, Cholesky decomposition, and Laplace denominators. The build system has been completely rewritten to simplify interoperability with independent, reusable software components for quantum chemistry. Finally, a wide range of new theoretical methods and analyses have been added to the code base, including functional-group and open-shell symmetry adapted perturbation theory, density-fitted coupled cluster with frozen natural orbitals, orbital-optimized perturbation and coupled-cluster methods (e.g., OO-MP2 and OO-LCCD), density-fitted multiconfigurational self-consistent field, density cumulant functional theory, algebraic-diagrammatic construction excited states, improvements to the geometry optimizer, and the "X2C" approach to relativistic corrections, among many other improvements.

Angiosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1527322%5DMICH-V-1527322, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1527322/MICH-V-1527322/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Angiosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1528435%5DMICH-V-1528435, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1528435/MICH-V-1528435/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) began observations in July 2014. It pursues three core programs: APOGEE-2, MaNGA, and eBOSS. In addition, eBOSS contains two major subprograms: TDSS and SPIDERS. This paper describes the first data release from SDSS-IV, Data Release 13 (DR13), which contains new data, reanalysis of existing data sets and, like all SDSS data releases, is inclusive of previously released data. DR13 makes publicly available 1390 spatially resolved integral field unit observations of nearby galaxies from MaNGA, the first data released from this survey. It includes new observations from eBOSS, completing SEQUELS. In addition to targeting galaxies and quasars, SEQUELS also targeted variability-selected objects from TDSS and X-ray selected objects from SPIDERS. DR13 includes new reductions of the SDSS-III BOSS data, improving the spectrophotometric calibration and redshift classification. DR13 releases new reductions of the APOGEE-1 data from SDSS-III, with abundances of elements not previously included and improved stellar parameters for dwarf stars and cooler stars. For the SDSS imaging data, DR13 provides new, more robust and precise photometric calibrations. Several value-added catalogs are being released in tandem with DR13, in particular target catalogs relevant for eBOSS, TDSS, and SPIDERS, and an updated red-clump catalog for APOGEE. This paper describes the location and format of the data now publicly available, as well as providing references to the important technical papers that describe the targeting, observing, and data reduction. The SDSS website, http://www.sdss.org, provides links to the data, tutorials and examples of data access, and extensive documentation of the reduction and analysis procedures. DR13 is the first of a scheduled set that will contain new data and analyses from the planned ~6-year operations of SDSS-IV., Comment: Full information on DR13 available at http://www.sdss.org. Comments welcome to spokesperson@sdss.org. To be published in ApJS

Angiosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1527697%5DMICH-V-1527697, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1527697/MICH-V-1527697/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Angiosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1528463%5DMICH-V-1528463, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1528463/MICH-V-1528463/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Retrospect website and radio seriesThe Retrospect website is part of a larger collaborative research project that aims to collect and present the stories of contemporary Australian veterans and their families. These stories reflect the ways digital communication has largely replaced the letters and diaries that servicemen and women of earlier generations used to share their experiences with their and record their memories.Retrospect also features a series of six half-hour documentaries, produced and broadcast by ABC RN’s Features and Documentaries Unit, which are available for download from March 20, 2015.The Retrospect website represents a creative partnership across a number of areas of the ABC. It was produced and developed by a team based in ABC Radio Multiplatform and Development in collaboration with ABC RN’s Features and Documentaries Unit, and draws extensively on the ABC’s vast archives collection.The website combines audio interviews with six veterans of Operation Slipper in Afghanistan (2001-2014) and their families with commissioned portraits by the renowned war photographer Stephen Dupont and remarkable video shot on location (originally for ABC TV’s Four Corners program) in Afghanistan by award-winning ABC cinematographer Neale Maude. An original music score was commissioned from composer Oonagh Sherrardand performed by an ensemble of fine musicians, including performers from Sydney’s Afghan community.Veterans also share their own videos and photos to create a unique and nuanced portrayal of how war is experienced – and remembered – by army personnel and their families in the digital era.The audio interviews were conducted with the veterans and their families at their homes at locations across Australia by ABC Radio producer and historian Michelle Rayner. These many hours of interviews form the foundation of the landmark six-part documentary series, broadcast over six days on ABC RN from March 20, 2015.The Retrospect research projectRetrospect forms th

In this work we present the first implementation of the incremental scheme for coupled cluster linear-response frequency-dependent dipole polarizabilities. The implementation is fully automated and makes use of the domain-specific basis set approach. The accuracy of the approach is determined on the basis of a test suite of 47 molecules and small clusters. The local approximation in the coupled cluster singles and doubles polarizability exhibits a mean error of 0.02% and a standard deviation of 0.32% when using a third-order incremental expansion. With the proposed approach, it is possible to compute polarizabilities with larger basis sets compared to the canonical implementation and thus it is possible to obtain higher total accuracy. The incremental scheme yields the smallest errors for weakly-bound and quasi-linear systems, while two- and three-dimensional (cage-like) structures exhibit somewhat larger errors as compared to the full test set., Dieser Beitrag ist aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

The UK’s transport infrastructure is one of the most heavily used in the world. The performance of these networks is critically dependent on the performance of cutting and embankment slopes which make up £20B of the £60B asset value of major highway infrastructure alone. The rail network in particular is also one of the oldest in the world: many of these slopes are suffering high incidents of instability (increasing with time). This paper describes the development of a fundamental understanding of earthwork material and system behaviour, through the systematic integration of research across a range of spatial and temporal scales. Spatially these range from microscopic studies of soil fabric, through elemental materials behaviour to whole slope modelling and monitoring and scaling up to transport networks. Temporally, historical and current weather event sequences are being used to understand and model soil deterioration processes, and climate change scenarios to examine their potential effects on slope performance in futures up to and including the 2080s. The outputs of this research are being mapped onto the different spatial and temporal scales of infrastructure slope asset management to inform the design of new slopes through to changing the way in which investment is made into aging assets. The aim ultimately is to help create a more reliable, cost effective, safer and more resilient transport system.

Particulate matter (PM) emissions were measured in July 2010 from on-road motor vehicles driving through a highway tunnel in the San Francisco Bay area. A soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS) was used to measure the chemical composition of PM emitted by gasoline and diesel vehicles at high time resolution. Organic aerosol (OA) and black carbon (BC) concentrations were measured during various time periods that had different levels of diesel influence, as well as directly in the exhaust plumes of individual heavy-duty (HD) diesel trucks. BC emission factor distributions for HD trucks were more skewed than OA distributions (N = 293), with the highest 10% of trucks accounting for 56 and 42% of total measured BC and OA emissions, respectively. OA mass spectra measured for HD truck exhaust plumes show cycloalkanes are predominate in exhaust OA emissions relative to saturated alkanes (i.e., normal and iso-paraffins), suggesting that lubricating oil rather than fuel is the dominant source of primary organic aerosol (POA) emissions in diesel vehicle exhaust. This finding is supported by the detection of trace elements such as zinc and phosphorus in the exhaust plumes of individual trucks. Trace elements were emitted relative to total OA at levels that are consistent with typical weight fractions of commonly used additives present in lubricating oil. A comparison of measured OA and BC mass spectra across various sampling periods revealed a high degree of similarity in OA and BC emitted by gasoline and diesel engines. This finding indicates a large fraction of OA in gasoline exhaust is lubricant-derived as well. The similarity in OA and BC mass spectra for gasoline and diesel engine exhaust is likely to confound ambient source apportionment efforts to determine contributions to air pollution from these two important sources.

Indigenous Knowledge is important for Indigenous communities across the globe and for the advancement of our general scientific knowledge. In particular, Indigenous astronomical knowledge integrates many aspects of Indigenous Knowledge, including seasonal calendars, navigation, food economics, law, ceremony, and social structure. Capturing, managing, and disseminating this knowledge in the digital environment poses a number of challenges, which we aim to address using a collaborative project emerging between experts in the higher education, library, archive and industry sectors. Using Microsoft's WorldWide Telescope and Rich Interactive Narratives technologies, we propose to develop software, media design, and archival management solutions to allow Indigenous communities to share their astronomical knowledge with the world on their terms and in a culturally sensitive manner.

In this work we present the first implementation of the incremental scheme for coupled cluster linear-response frequency-dependent dipole polarizabilities. The implementation is fully automated and makes use of the domain-specific basis set approach. The accuracy of the approach is determined on the basis of a test suite of 47 molecules and small clusters. The local approximation in the coupled cluster singles and doubles polarizability exhibits a mean error of 0.02% and a standard deviation of 0.32% when using a third-order incremental expansion. With the proposed approach, it is possible to compute polarizabilities with larger basis sets compared to the canonical implementation and thus it is possible to obtain higher total accuracy. The incremental scheme yields the smallest errors for weakly-bound and quasi-linear systems, while two- and three-dimensional (cage-like) structures exhibit somewhat larger errors as compared to the full test set.

In this work we present the first implementation of the incremental scheme for coupled cluster linear-response frequency-dependent dipole polarizabilities. The implementation is fully automated and makes use of the domain-specific basis set approach. The accuracy of the approach is determined on the basis of a test suite of 47 molecules and small clusters. The local approximation in the coupled cluster singles and doubles polarizability exhibits a mean error of 0.02% and a standard deviation of 0.32% when using a third-order incremental expansion. With the proposed approach, it is possible to compute polarizabilities with larger basis sets compared to the canonical implementation and thus it is possible to obtain higher total accuracy. The incremental scheme yields the smallest errors for weakly-bound and quasi-linear systems, while two- and three-dimensional (cage-like) structures exhibit somewhat larger errors as compared to the full test set.

Recent evidence suggests that a mutation in the spike protein gene of feline coronavirus (FCoV), which results in an amino acid change from methionine to leucine at position 1058, may be associated with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). Tissue and faecal samples collected post mortem from cats diagnosed with or without FIP were subjected to RNA extraction and quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to detect FCoV RNA. In cats with FIP, 95% of tissue, and 81% of faecal samples were PCR-positive, as opposed to 22% of tissue, and 60% of faecal samples in cats without FIP. Relative FCoV copy numbers were significantly higher in the cats with FIP, both in tissues (P < 0.001) and faeces (P = 0.02). PCR-positive samples underwent pyrosequencing encompassing position 1058 of the FCoV spike protein. This identified a methionine codon at position 1058, consistent with the shedding of an enteric form of FCoV, in 77% of the faecal samples from cats with FIP, and in 100% of the samples from cats without FIP. In contrast, 91% of the tissue samples from cats with FIP and 89% from cats without FIP had a leucine codon at position 1058, consistent with a systemic form of FCoV. These results suggest that the methionine to leucine substitution at position 1058 in the FCoV spike protein is indicative of systemic spread of FCoV from the intestine, rather than a virus with the potential to cause FIP.

The theorisation of post-digital aesthetics in music and sound art seems to be split in two contradictory directions. One direction emphasises the foregrounding of digital processes through the use of process-based procedures, while the other tends toward a neo-modernist, sound-in-itself tendency that would seek to obscure the role of process in the work. This paper argues for a re-evaluation of post-digital music and sound art practices from the perspective of non-subjective modes of composition and making, where aesthetic intentions are suspended.

The majority of today's undergraduate students are 'digital natives'; a generation born into a world shaped by digital technologies. It is important to understand the significance of this when considering how to teach Digital Media to digital natives. This paper examines the analogies to literacy that recur in digital native debates. It argues that if the concept of digital literacy is to be useful, educators must attend to the multiple layers and proficiencies that comprise literacy. Rather than completely dispose of old teaching methods, updated pedagogical practices should integrate analysis and critique with exploratory and creative modes of learning.

The motion capture process places unique demands on performers. The impact of this process on the simultaneously artistic/somatic nature of dance practice is profound. This paper explores, from a performer’s perspective, how the process of performing in an optical motion capture system can impact and limit, but also expand and reconfigure a dancer’s somatic practice. This paper argues that working within motion capture processes affects not only the immediate contexts of capture and interactive performance, but also sets up a dialogue between dance practices within and beyond the motion capture studio.

The Community Arts sector in Australia has a history of resistance. It has challenged hegemonic culture through facilitating grassroots creative production, contesting notions of artistic processes, and the role of the artist in society. This paper examines this penchant for resistance through the lens of contemporary digital culture, to establish that the sector is continuing to challenge dominant forms of cultural control. It then proposes that this enthusiasm and activity lacks ethical direction, describing it as feral to encompass the potential of current practices, while highlighting how a level of taming is needed in order to develop ethical approaches.

The majority of today's undergraduate students are 'digital natives'; a generation born into a world shaped by digital technologies. It is important to understand the significance of this when considering how to teach Digital Media to digital natives. This paper examines the analogies to literacy that recur in digital native debates. It argues that if the concept of digital literacy is to be useful, educators must attend to the multiple layers and proficiencies that comprise literacy. Rather than completely dispose of old teaching methods, updated pedagogical practices should integrate analysis and critique with exploratory and creative modes of learning.

In the aftermath of the 2010 and 2011 earthquakes, Christchurch, New Zealand is framed as a ‘transitional’ city, moving from its demolished past to a speculative future. The ADA Mesh Cities project asks what role media art and networks may play in the transitional city, and the practices of remembering, and reimagining space.

The digital Dreamhacker is an application that collects dream themes reported by individual dreamers and turns them into crowdsourced imagery. These dream visualisations are then uploaded onto the Social Web, allowing for further commentary and collective interpretation. We thereby focus on the social context of dreams, creating visualisations that are neither depictions of individual imaginings or a means of enhancing artistic skill, but involve the reframing of dreams within the technical and social imaginary, which forms our collective understandings and expectations of social life. We outline a research strategy in which social media, supported by methods that emanate from both critical design and network analysis, are innovative contexts in which to explore the connection between technology, culture and our individual ‘imaginings’, including our dreams.

This paper theoretically situates research that explores motion capture data visualization using customized software tools such as MxCap.01. The value of software like MxCap.01 lies in its visualization capabilities including the ability to scale the re-presentation of the force, direction and intensity of movement but also do so within a temporal and emotive structuring.

This paper looks particularly at informal and implicit sources of information in our environment, how we can read this kind of information, and how the information has come about. The paper focuses on implicit information and `reading the environment, with examples from practice, and presenting an art project that investigates this notion through an interactive video installation. This installation, called `Traces', presented interactive videos and photographs of two types of human-made traces, revealing past behaviours and/or intentions. It took for instance the skidmarks of cars on roads as input for a process of video manipulation and a recorded sonification.

Breathe - the air we wear proposes wearable and mobile technologies for reading and rendering in real time the air we breathe. The project proposes the `actioning for better air quality through individuals capacity to record air pollution. The project initiates a walk-able protest by taking air quality directly to the individual and through critical mass counter the massive problems facing our urban atmospheres. In particular, the article focuses on the pollution prob- lems facing China today.

To evaluate the dose-response relationship of the recombinant glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide (rGLP-1) administered by continuous subcutaneous infusion (CSCI) in subjects with type 2 diabetes, with respect to reductions in fasting, postprandial and 11-h serum glucose profiles.

This paper investigates the control of a HVDC link, fed from an AC source through a controlled rectifier and feeding an AC line through a controlled inverter. The overall objective is to maintain maximum possible link voltage at the inverter while regulating the link current. In this paper the practical feedback design issues are investigated with a view of obtaining simple, robust designs that are easy to evaluate for safety and operability. The investigations are applicable to back-to-back links used for frequency decoupling and to long DC lines. The design issues discussed include: (i) a review of overall system dynamics to establish the time scale of different feedback loops and to highlight feedback design issues; (ii) the concept of using the inverter firing angle control to regulate link current when the rectifier firing angle controller saturates; and (iii) the design issues for the individual controllers including robust design for varying line conditions and the trade-off between controller complexity and the reduction of nonlinearity and disturbance effects

The use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to identify and control induction machines is proposed. Two systems are presented: a system to adaptively control the stator currents via identification of the electrical dynamics, and a system to adaptively control the rotor speed via identification of the mechanical and current-fed system dynamics. Both systems are inherently adaptive as well as self-commissioning. The current controller is a completely general nonlinear controller which can be used together with any drive algorithm. Various advantages of these control schemes over conventional schemes are cited, and the combined speed and current control scheme is compared with the standard vector control scheme

Neural networks (NNs) are discussed in connection with their possible use in induction machine drives. The mathematical model of the NN as well as a commonly used learning algorithm is presented. Possible applications of NNs to induction machine control are discussed. A simulation of an NN successfully identifying the nonlinear multivariable model of an induction-machine stator transfer function is presented. Previously published applications are discussed, and some possible future applications are proposed.

This research examined relationships between characteristics of visual stimuli and learning as a first step in developing decision support systems to help estimate visual fidelity requirements for device based training. On the basis of reviews of psychophysical and other literature, the authors concluded that little is known about the relationships between characteristics of visual stimuli and learning. An experimental decision support system was nevertheless developed, with critical gaps in essential data as noted in this report. Information in this report may be helpful in estimating visual display parameters. Examining the quality of the estimates will require validation research that, because of the time and cost constraints in training device development, is unlikely to be feasible.

Angiosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1554632%5DMICH-V-1554632, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1554632/MICH-V-1554632/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Angiosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1554628%5DMICH-V-1554628, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1554628/MICH-V-1554628/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

All cost estimates are characterized by some uncertainty. A device helpful in communicating this uncertainty to the decision maker is a subjective probability distribution of the system cost. A technique--termed the Subjective Probability Estimation Technique (SPET)--is described and a computer program is presented to facilitate its use. This technique permits the analyst to represent his notions about cost uncertainty with the beta or other statistical distributions.

The nature of the 6070A, colour centre in NaF has been investigated using high resolution spectral holeburning. The previous assignment of this line to an N1 centre with C2h symmetry was found to be inconsistent with these new experimental results. Possible alternative defect structures are considered. (Author)

The application of narrow band dye lasers to high resolution spectroscopy within the inhomogeneously broadened zero-phonon lines of colour centres is reviewed. Most work so far has centred on the use of holeburning which is exhibited by the majority of centres examined. This technique has been used to make detailed Stark and Zeeman effect measurements. In addition, optical coherent transients have been used to determined dephasing times and the results of optical phase switching and free decay experiments are discussed. (Author)

An engineering model is developed of the error contours encountered in position fixing using synchronous time of arrival data. Normal distribution is emphasized. Probabilities of fixes occurring within circles and ellipses are determined using the natural oblique coordinates associated with the measuring system. Comparisons are made of three-observer and four-observer configurations. Examples are provided and applications are discussed.

The magnetic field dependence of the thermal conductivity of praseodymium ethylsulphate has been measured between 0.4 and 4 K. Results below 1K can be explained in terms of phonon scattering between magnetic levels. Above 1K anomalies occur for which a satisfactory explanation is not yet available, although they seem to have some connection with extra lines observed in the optical spectrum

A Ball State University literary periodical sponsored by Sigma Tau Delta, the international collegiate English honor society.; Contents in this issue: Grey Days -- I Like the Night -- The Web -- Wind -- Portative -- A Ghost Walked -- Contrast -- The Path -- Solitude -- Hues -- Not This Day -- Four Poems -- Roommate -- I Heard It for One Fleeting Second -- Shadow Play -- Do I Love Him? -- Room for Improvement -- Reflections -- Rain -- The Conspirator -- Two Tall Trees -- Mortality -- The Egotist -- Ruin -- I Like a Quiet Gray Day -- ""Please don't sing tonight"" -- Regret -- Impressions -- Interrogation -- Affair -- I Am a Toy -- Perfection -- ""I have forded every torrent"" -- Return -- Help Wanted! -- You Will Come Again, My Love -- The Gray Night Ends -- The Flame -- Two Poems -- Come to Me, Love -- Why? -- Dreams -- Silence -- Life, Death, and Rhythm -- The Net -- Rain -- Why Can't You Know? -- Desires -- Prelude -- ""I walked in the rain today"" -- At Dusk -- Moonbeams -- Mockery -- Put Away All Memories -- Poem, This archival material has been provided for educational purposes. Ball State University Libraries recognizes that some historic items may include offensive content. Our statement regarding objectionable content is available at: https://dmr.bsu.edu/digital/about