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This document describes a two-day meeting held for the Principal Investigators (PIs) of NSF CyberTraining grants. The report covers invited talks, panels, and six breakout sessions. The meeting involved over 80 PIs and NSF program managers (PMs). The lessons recorded in detail in the report are a wealth of information that could help current and future PIs, as well as NSF PMs, understand the future directions suggested by the PI community. The meeting was held simultaneously with that of the PIs of the NSF Cyberinfrastructure for Sustained Scientific Innovation (CSSI) program. This co-location led to two joint sessions: one with NSF speakers and the other on broader impact. Further, the joint poster and refreshment sessions benefited from the interactions between CSSI and CyberTraining PIs., Comment: 38 pages, 3 main sections and 2 Appendix sections, 2 figures, 19 tables; updated version: author corrections

Geoscience organizations shape the discipline. They influence attitudes and expectations, set standards, and provide benefits to their members. Today, racism and discrimination limit the participation of, and promote hostility towards, members of minoritized groups within these critical geoscience spaces. This is particularly harmful for Black, Indigenous, and other people of color in geoscience and is further exacerbated along other axes of marginalization, including disability status and gender identity. Here we present a twenty-point anti-racism plan that organizations can implement to build an inclusive, equitable and accessible geoscience community. Enacting it will combat racism, discrimination, and the harassment of all members.

Geoscience organizations shape the discipline. They influence attitudes and expectations, set standards, and provide benefits to their members. Today, racism and discrimination limit the participation of, and promote hostility towards, members of minoritized groups within these critical geoscience spaces. This is particularly harmful for Black, Indigenous, and other people of color in geoscience and is further exacerbated along other axes of marginalization, including disability status and gender identity. Here we present a twenty-point anti-racism plan that organizations can implement to build an inclusive, equitable and accessible geoscience community. Enacting it will combat racism, discrimination, and the harassment of all members.

Geoscience organizations shape the discipline. They influence attitudes and expectations, set standards, and provide benefits to their members. Today, racism and discrimination limit the participation of, and promote hostility towards, members of minoritized groups within these critical geoscience spaces. This is particularly harmful for Black, Indigenous, and other people of color in geoscience and is further exacerbated along other axes of marginalization, including disability status and gender identity. Here we present a twenty-point anti-racism plan that organizations can implement to build an inclusive, equitable and accessible geoscience community. Enacting it will combat racism, discrimination, and the harassment of all members.

Geoscience organizations shape the discipline. They influence attitudes and expectations, set standards, and provide benefits to their members. Today, racism and discrimination limit the participation of, and promote hostility towards, members of minoritized groups within these critical geoscience spaces. This is particularly harmful for Black, Indigenous, and other people of color in geoscience and is further exacerbated along other axes of marginalization, including disability status and gender identity. Here we present a twenty-point anti-racism plan that organizations can implement to build an inclusive, equitable and accessible geoscience community. Enacting it will combat racism, discrimination, and the harassment of all members.

Geoscience organizations shape the discipline. They influence attitudes and expectations, set standards, and provide benefits to their members. Today, racism and discrimination limit the participation of, and promote hostility towards, members of minoritized groups within these critical geoscience spaces. This is particularly harmful for Black, Indigenous, and other people of color in geoscience and is further exacerbated along other axes of marginalization, including disability status and gender identity. Here we present a twenty-point anti-racism plan that organizations can implement to build an inclusive, equitable and accessible geoscience community. Enacting it will combat racism, discrimination, and the harassment of all members.

Geoscience organizations shape the discipline. They influence attitudes and expectations, set standards, and provide benefits to their members. Today, racism and discrimination limit the participation of, and promote hostility towards, members of minoritized groups within these critical geoscience spaces. This is particularly harmful for Black, Indigenous, and other people of color in geoscience and is further exacerbated along other axes of marginalization, including disability status and gender identity. Here we present a twenty-point anti-racism plan that organizations can implement to build an inclusive, equitable and accessible geoscience community. Enacting it will combat racism, discrimination, and the harassment of all members.

Geoscience organizations shape the discipline. They influence attitudes and expectations, set standards, and provide benefits to their members. Today, racism and discrimination limit the participation of, and promote hostility towards, members of minoritized groups within these critical geoscience spaces. This is particularly harmful for Black, Indigenous, and other people of color in geoscience and is further exacerbated along other axes of marginalization, including disability status and gender identity. Here we present a twenty-point anti-racism plan that organizations can implement to build an inclusive, equitable and accessible geoscience community. Enacting it will combat racism, discrimination, and the harassment of all members.

Geoscience organizations shape the discipline. They influence attitudes and expectations, set standards, and provide benefits to their members. Today, racism and discrimination limit the participation of, and promote hostility towards, members of minoritized groups within these critical geoscience spaces. This is particularly harmful for Black, Indigenous, and other people of color in geoscience and is further exacerbated along other axes of marginalization, including disability status and gender identity. Here we present a twenty-point anti-racism plan that organizations can implement to build an inclusive, equitable and accessible geoscience community. Enacting it will combat racism, discrimination, and the harassment of all members.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2003., Includes bibliographical references (p. 217-232)., We examine the equilibrium and transient morphology of alluvial and bedrock river networks. We apply analytical methods and an iterative model to solve for equilibrium slope-area and texture- area (in alluvial networks) relationships under different tectonic and climatic forcings. Transient morphology resulting from a change in uplift or precipitation rate is simulated using the CHILD landscape evolution model. In alluvial networks, it is well recognized that both channel slope and mean grain size usually decrease downstream. These variables play an important role in determining sediment transport rates, and their mutual adjustment to a change in the forces that drive erosion can yield surprising results. Adjustments in grain size can lead to spatially variable channel concavity and larger trans port rates on shallower slopes. As a consequence, equilibrium channel slopes may decrease under higher uplift conditions (or, similarly, faster base-level lowering). Selective erosion and deposition can cause transient channel slopes to both increase and decrease and surface texture to both coarsen and fine, all in response to a single change in forcing. In bedrock rivers, increasing attention has been given to the role of sediment flux on incision processes. We find that all applied erosion rules (stream-power and three sediment-flux models) produce similar equilibrium morphologies, although some details lead to differences in sensitivity., (cont.) On the other hand, the transient response can be much more complicated than a simple knickpoint migration when the integrated response of the sediment flux is considered. Both increasing and decreasing channel slopes can result from a single change in forcing. Although some of the processes described by the different erosion models in this study represent conditions in very different types of rivers, two important common principles hold. First, concave graded river profiles appear to be a robust element of the landscape and fairly insensitive to the details of the erosion process. However, downstream variations in channel erodibility can alter equilibrium sensitivity to boundary conditions in ways that had not previously been considered. And second, transient conditions in the main channel are highly dependent on the entire network response. The results can be complex and counter-intuitive, highlighting that rivers are not independent of the tributaries that feed them., by Nicole Marie Gasparini., Ph.D.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2003., Includes bibliographical references (p. 217-232)., We examine the equilibrium and transient morphology of alluvial and bedrock river networks. We apply analytical methods and an iterative model to solve for equilibrium slope-area and texture- area (in alluvial networks) relationships under different tectonic and climatic forcings. Transient morphology resulting from a change in uplift or precipitation rate is simulated using the CHILD landscape evolution model. In alluvial networks, it is well recognized that both channel slope and mean grain size usually decrease downstream. These variables play an important role in determining sediment transport rates, and their mutual adjustment to a change in the forces that drive erosion can yield surprising results. Adjustments in grain size can lead to spatially variable channel concavity and larger trans port rates on shallower slopes. As a consequence, equilibrium channel slopes may decrease under higher uplift conditions (or, similarly, faster base-level lowering). Selective erosion and deposition can cause transient channel slopes to both increase and decrease and surface texture to both coarsen and fine, all in response to a single change in forcing. In bedrock rivers, increasing attention has been given to the role of sediment flux on incision processes. We find that all applied erosion rules (stream-power and three sediment-flux models) produce similar equilibrium morphologies, although some details lead to differences in sensitivity., (cont.) On the other hand, the transient response can be much more complicated than a simple knickpoint migration when the integrated response of the sediment flux is considered. Both increasing and decreasing channel slopes can result from a single change in forcing. Although some of the processes described by the different erosion models in this study represent conditions in very different types of rivers, two important common principles hold. First, concave graded river profiles appear to be a robust element of the landscape and fairly insensitive to the details of the erosion process. However, downstream variations in channel erodibility can alter equilibrium sensitivity to boundary conditions in ways that had not previously been considered. And second, transient conditions in the main channel are highly dependent on the entire network response. The results can be complex and counter-intuitive, highlighting that rivers are not independent of the tributaries that feed them., by Nicole Marie Gasparini., Ph.D.

Gullies pose a significant hazard to personnel and property on military land, and also reduce the amount of productive terrain. For these reasons it is necessary to undertake preventative measures against further gully development and remedial measures towards established gully systems. These tasks require the understanding of local gully behavior, including what causes their initiation and propagation, and what reclamation measures will be effective. To gain insight into gully behavior, a recently developed simulation model of landscape evolution, CHILD, is employed. The goal of this report is to illustrate the viability of using CHILD to model the evolution of gully systems. A simple case scenario is studied.

La tesi propone una risposta progettuale al piano di sostituzione con demolizione e ricostruzione della scuola secondaria di primo grado “Anna Frank” presso il Comune di Cesena finanziato tramite i fondi del Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza (PNRR) sotto l’egida del programma “Futura – la scuola per l’Italia di domani”. Dopo un’attenta valutazione, il Comune ha constatato che le criticità in chiave sismica ed energetica dell’edificio esistente non ne avrebbero permesso un’efficace riqualificazione ed ha quindi optato per la realizzazione di un edificio ex novo da collocarsi nell’area residua del lotto, al fine di mantenere la continuità dei cicli scolastici sino al completamento della nuova struttura. A fronte dei limiti di insediamento imposti, il progetto offre una risposta tanto pragmatica, quanto aperta a future trasformazioni sia di carattere funzionale che pedagogiche. Il nuovo edificio si compone di una sequenza di volumi, ciascuno caratterizzato funzionalmente, che possono essere facilmente isolati o collegati al fine di adattare, sia nell’arco della giornata che nel lungo periodo, il profilo di utilizzo in ragione di una maggiore apertura nei confronti della comunità e del recepimento di modelli educativi in progressiva evoluzione. Lo studio degli spazi si è basato sulla ricerca di ambienti flessibili e multifunzionali, i quali si adattano alle diverse esigenze educative. Inoltre, la flessibilità degli spazi facilita la realizzazione di attività extracurriculari e l’organizzazione di eventi comunitari. Le elevate prestazioni per il contenimento della domanda energetica costituiscono un elemento fondamentale del progetto. L’adozione di tecnologie avanzate e l’impiego di materiali eco-sostenibili mirano a ridurre l’impatto ambientale. Il progetto mira a realizzare una scuola moderna, sostenibile e inclusiva, interpretando in chiave dinamica, adattiva ed evolutiva il programma del PNRR con l’obiettivo di realizzare un ambiente educativo all’avanguardia.

Sustainable software development has traditionally been measured by a product’s longevity within a given field. However, with advances in high performance computing, more scientists are trained in coding and are developing their own software frameworks more quickly. This has led to significant market overcrowding, duplicated development efforts, and wasted opportunities as multiple codes are developed that cannot be integrated. Sustainable software will require more cooperation, leading to fewer, but more sustainable, pieces of software. The National Science Foundation has stated that sustainably designed software will “enhance productivity and accelerate innovation” by emphasizing manageability, usability and education. We propose that sustainable software will not only follow these guidelines, but also emphasize developer accountability, code manageability and community. Software that is designed for ease of use, to address the needs of the scientific community, while maintaining developer accountability will likely be sustainable over time. These characteristics have led to past software successes in the Earth sciences, such as the Channel Hillslope Integrated Landscape Development (CHILD) model. The development team of Landlab, an interdisciplinary component-based Earth surface process software written in Python, is drawing from the past successes of the CHILD model to create an open-source, accessible, and long-lasting software framework with minimal barriers for entry. The main goal of Landlab is to provide an open-source, sustainable Earth science software framework that can be adopted by both experienced and novice programmers. Providing an interdisciplinary framework will minimize model development time and allow for scientists to focus on hypothesis-building and not coding. Additionally, by coding in Python, we think that people will be more inclined to use and add to Landlab, due to Python's similarities with other high-level interpretive languages (e.g.