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106 results on '"Galbany, Lluis"'

1. Narrow absorption lines from intervening material in supernovae I. Measurements and temporal evolution

Author: González-Gaitán, Santiago, Gutiérrez, Claudia P., Anderson, Joseph P., Morales-Garoffolo, Antonia, Galbany, Lluis, Goswami, Sabyasashi, Mourao, Ana M., Mattila, Seppo, Sullivan, Mark, González-Gaitán, Santiago, Gutiérrez, Claudia P., Anderson, Joseph P., Morales-Garoffolo, Antonia, Galbany, Lluis, Goswami, Sabyasashi, Mourao, Ana M., Mattila, Seppo, and Sullivan, Mark
Abstract: Narrow absorption features in nearby supernova (SN) spectra are a powerful diagnostic of the slow-moving material in the line of sight: they are extensively used to infer dust extinction from the host galaxies, and they can also serve in the detection of circumstellar material originating from the SN progenitor and present in the vicinity of the explosion. Despite their wide use, very few studies have examined the biases of the methods to characterize narrow lines, and not many statistical analyses exist. This is the first paper of a series in which we present a statistical analysis of narrow lines of SN spectra of various resolutions. We develop a robust automated methodology to measure the equivalent width (EW) and velocity of narrow absorption lines from intervening material in the line of sight of SNe, including Na I D , Ca II H&K, K i and diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs). We carefully study systematic biases in heterogeneous spectra from the literature by simulating different signal-to-noise, spectral resolution, slit size and orientation and present the real capabilities and limitations of using low- and mid-resolution spectra to study these lines. In particular, we find that the measurement of the equivalent width of the narrow lines in low-resolution spectra is highly affected by the evolving broad P-Cygni profiles of the SN ejecta, both for core-collapse and type Ia SNe, inducing a conspicuous apparent evolution. We present thus an easy way to detect and exclude those cases to obtain more robust and reliable measurements. Finally, after considering all possible effects, we analyse the temporal evolution of the narrow features in a large sample of nearby SNe to detect any possible variation in their EWs over time. We find no time evolution of the narrow line features in our large sample for all SN types, Comment: Accepted in A&A
Published: 2024

2. Hidden high ionization lines in the low luminosity type II SN 2021gmj

Author: Retamal, Nicolas Meza, Dong, Yize, Bostroem, K. Azalee, Valenti, Stefano, Galbany, Lluis, Pearson, Jeniveve, Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Andrews, Jennifer E., Sand, David J., Jencson, Jacob E., Janzen, Daryl, Lundquist, Michael J., Hoang, Emily T., Wyatt, Samuel, Brown, Peter J., Howell, D. Andrew, Newsome, Megan, Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla, Pellegrino, Craig, Terreran, Giacomo, Kouprianov, Vladimir, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Jha, Saurabh W., Smith, Nathan, Haislip, Joshua, Reichart, Daniel E., Shrestha, Manisha, Rosales-Ortega, F. Fabián, Retamal, Nicolas Meza, Dong, Yize, Bostroem, K. Azalee, Valenti, Stefano, Galbany, Lluis, Pearson, Jeniveve, Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Andrews, Jennifer E., Sand, David J., Jencson, Jacob E., Janzen, Daryl, Lundquist, Michael J., Hoang, Emily T., Wyatt, Samuel, Brown, Peter J., Howell, D. Andrew, Newsome, Megan, Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla, Pellegrino, Craig, Terreran, Giacomo, Kouprianov, Vladimir, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Jha, Saurabh W., Smith, Nathan, Haislip, Joshua, Reichart, Daniel E., Shrestha, Manisha, and Rosales-Ortega, F. Fabián
Abstract: We present comprehensive optical observations of SN~2021gmj, a type II supernova (SN~II) discovered within a day of explosion by the Distance Less Than 40~Mpc (DLT40) survey. Follow up observations show that SN~2021gmj is a low luminosity SN~II (LL~SN~II), with a peak magnitude $M_V = -15.45$ and Fe II velocity of $\sim 1800 \ \mathrm{km} \ \mathrm{s}^{-1}$ at 50 days past explosion. Using the expanding photosphere method we derive a distance of $17.8^{+0.6}_{-0.4}$~Mpc. From the tail of the light-curve we obtain a radioactive nickel mass of $0.014 \pm 0.001$ $\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$. The presence of circumstellar material (CSM) is suggested by the early light curve, early spectra and the presence of high velocity H$\alpha$ in absorption. Analytical shock-cooling models of the early light curve cannot reproduce the fast rise, also supporting the idea that the early emission is partially powered by the interaction of the SN ejecta and CSM. The inferred low CSM mass of 0.025 $\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$ in our hydrodynamic-modeling light curve analysis is also consistent with our spectroscopic observations. We observe a broad feature near 4600 A, which may be high ionization lines of C, N or/and He II. This feature is reproduced by radiation hydrodynamic simulations of red supergiants with extended atmospheres. Several LL~SNe~II show similar spectral features implying that high density material around the progenitor may be common among them., Comment: Submitted to ApJ
Published: 2024

3. SN 2021zny : an early flux excess combined with late-time oxygen emission suggests a double white dwarf merger event

Author: Dimitriadis, Georgios, Maguire, Kate, Karambelkar, Viraj R., Lebron, Ryan J., Liu, Chang, Kozyreva, Alexandra, Miller, Adam A., Ridden-Harper, Ryan, Anderson, Joseph P., Chen, Ting-Wan, Coughlin, Michael, Valle, Massimo Della, Drake, Andrew, Galbany, Lluis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Groom, Steven L., Gutierrez, Claudia P., Ihanec, Nada, Inserra, Cosimo, Pearson Johansson, Joel, Mueller-Bravo, Tomas E., Nicholl, Matt, Polin, Abigail, Rusholme, Ben, Schulze, Steve, Sollerman, Jesper, Srivastav, Shubham, Taggart, Kirsty, Wang, Qinan, Yang, Yi, Young, David R., Dimitriadis, Georgios, Maguire, Kate, Karambelkar, Viraj R., Lebron, Ryan J., Liu, Chang, Kozyreva, Alexandra, Miller, Adam A., Ridden-Harper, Ryan, Anderson, Joseph P., Chen, Ting-Wan, Coughlin, Michael, Valle, Massimo Della, Drake, Andrew, Galbany, Lluis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Groom, Steven L., Gutierrez, Claudia P., Ihanec, Nada, Inserra, Cosimo, Pearson Johansson, Joel, Mueller-Bravo, Tomas E., Nicholl, Matt, Polin, Abigail, Rusholme, Ben, Schulze, Steve, Sollerman, Jesper, Srivastav, Shubham, Taggart, Kirsty, Wang, Qinan, Yang, Yi, and Young, David R.
Abstract: We present a photometric and spectroscopic analysis of the ultraluminous and slowly evolving 03fg-like Type Ia SN 2021zny. Our observational campaign starts from similar to 5.3 h after explosion (making SN 2021zny one of the earliest observed members of its class), with dense multiwavelength coverage from a variety of ground-and space-based telescopes, and is concluded with a nebular spectrum similar to 10 months after peak brightness. SN 2021zny displayed several characteristics of its class, such as the peak brightness (M-B = -19.95 mag), the slow decline (delta m(15)(B) = 0.62 mag), the blue early-time colours, the low ejecta velocities, and the presence of significant unburned material above the photosphere. However, a fluxexcess for the first similar to 1.5 d after explosion is observed in four photometric bands, making SN 2021zny the third 03fg-like event with this distinct behaviour, while its + 313 d spectrum shows prominent [OI] lines, a very unusual characteristic of thermonuclear SNe. The early flux excess can be explained as the outcome of the interaction of the ejecta with similar to 0 . 04 M-? of H/He-poor circumstellar material at a distance of similar to 10(12) cm, while the low ionization state of the late-time spectrum re veals lo w abundances of stable iron-peak elements. All our observations are in accordance with a progenitor system of two carbon/oxygen white dwarfs that undergo a merger event, with the disrupted white dwarf ejecting carbon-rich circumstellar material prior to the primary white dwarf detonation.
Published: 2023
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4. A JWST Near- and Mid-infrared Nebular Spectrum of the Type Ia Supernova 2021aefx

Author: Kwok, Lindsey A., Jha, Saurabh W., Temim, Tea, Fox, Ori D., Larison, Conor, Camacho-Neves, Yssavo, Brenner Newman, Max J., Pierel, Justin D. R., Foley, Ryan J., Andrews, Jennifer E., Badenes, Carles, Barna, Barnabas, Bostroem, K. Azalee, Deckers, Maxime, Floers, Andreas, Garnavich, Peter, Graham, Melissa L., Graur, Or, Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Howell, D. Andrew, Hughes, John P., Johansson, Joel, Kendrew, Sarah, Kerzendorf, Wolfgang E., Maeda, Keiichi, Maguire, Kate, McCully, Curtis, O'Brien, John T., Rest, Armin, Sand, David J., Shahbandeh, Melissa, Strolger, Louis-Gregory, Szalai, Tamas, Ashall, Chris, Baron, E., Burns, Chris R., DerKacy, James M., Evans, Tyco Mera, Fisher, Alec, Galbany, Lluis, Hoeflich, Peter, Hsiao, Eric, de Jaeger, Thomas, Karamehmetoglu, Emir, Krisciunas, Kevin, Kumar, Sahana, Lu, Jing, Maund, Justyn, Mazzali, Paolo A., Medler, Kyle, Morrell, Nidia, Phillips, Mark. M., Shappee, Benjamin J., Stritzinger, Maximilian, Suntzeff, Nicholas, Telesco, Charles, Tucker, Michael, Wang, Lifan, Kwok, Lindsey A., Jha, Saurabh W., Temim, Tea, Fox, Ori D., Larison, Conor, Camacho-Neves, Yssavo, Brenner Newman, Max J., Pierel, Justin D. R., Foley, Ryan J., Andrews, Jennifer E., Badenes, Carles, Barna, Barnabas, Bostroem, K. Azalee, Deckers, Maxime, Floers, Andreas, Garnavich, Peter, Graham, Melissa L., Graur, Or, Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Howell, D. Andrew, Hughes, John P., Johansson, Joel, Kendrew, Sarah, Kerzendorf, Wolfgang E., Maeda, Keiichi, Maguire, Kate, McCully, Curtis, O'Brien, John T., Rest, Armin, Sand, David J., Shahbandeh, Melissa, Strolger, Louis-Gregory, Szalai, Tamas, Ashall, Chris, Baron, E., Burns, Chris R., DerKacy, James M., Evans, Tyco Mera, Fisher, Alec, Galbany, Lluis, Hoeflich, Peter, Hsiao, Eric, de Jaeger, Thomas, Karamehmetoglu, Emir, Krisciunas, Kevin, Kumar, Sahana, Lu, Jing, Maund, Justyn, Mazzali, Paolo A., Medler, Kyle, Morrell, Nidia, Phillips, Mark. M., Shappee, Benjamin J., Stritzinger, Maximilian, Suntzeff, Nicholas, Telesco, Charles, Tucker, Michael, and Wang, Lifan
Abstract: We present JWST near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopic observations of the nearby normal Type Ia supernova (SN) SN 2021aefx in the nebular phase at +255 days past maximum light. Our Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) and Mid Infrared Instrument observations, combined with ground-based optical data from the South African Large Telescope, constitute the first complete optical+NIR+MIR nebular SN Ia spectrum covering 0.3-14 mu m. This spectrum unveils the previously unobserved 2.5-5 mu m region, revealing strong nebular iron and stable nickel emission, indicative of high-density burning that can constrain the progenitor mass. The data show a significant improvement in sensitivity and resolution compared to previous Spitzer MIR data. We identify numerous NIR and MIR nebular emission lines from iron-group elements as well as lines from the intermediate-mass element argon. The argon lines extend to higher velocities than the iron-group elements, suggesting stratified ejecta that are a hallmark of delayed-detonation or double-detonation SN Ia models. We present fits to simple geometric line profiles to features beyond 1.2 mu m and find that most lines are consistent with Gaussian or spherical emission distributions, while the [Ar iii] 8.99 mu m line has a distinctively flat-topped profile indicating a thick spherical shell of emission. Using our line profile fits, we investigate the emissivity structure of SN 2021aefx and measure kinematic properties. Continued observations of SN 2021aefx and other SNe Ia with JWST will be transformative to the study of SN Ia composition, ionization structure, density, and temperature, and will provide important constraints on SN Ia progenitor and explosion models.
Published: 2023

5. Ground-based and JWST Observations of SN 2022pul: II. Evidence from Nebular Spectroscopy for a Violent Merger in a Peculiar Type-Ia Supernova

Author: Kwok, Lindsey A., Siebert, Matthew R., Johansson, Joel, Jha, Saurabh W., Blondin, Stephane, Dessart, Luc, Foley, Ryan J., Hillier, D. John, Larison, Conor, Pakmor, Ruediger, Temim, Tea, Andrews, Jennifer E., Auchettl, Katie, Badenes, Carles, Barna, Barnabas, Bostroem, K. Azalee, Newman, Max J. Brenner, Brink, Thomas G., Bustamante-Rosell, Maria Jose, Camacho-Neves, Yssavo, Clocchiatti, Alejandro, Coulter, David A., Davis, Kyle W., Deckers, Maxime, Dimitriadis, Georgios, Dong, Yize, Farah, Joseph, Filippenko, Alexei V., Flors, Andreas, Fox, Ori D., Garnavich, Peter, Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla, Graur, Or, Hambsch, Franz-Josef, Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Howell, D. Andrew, Hughes, John P., Kerzendorf, Wolfgang E., Saux, Xavier K. Le, Maeda, Keiichi, Maguire, Kate, McCully, Curtis, Mihalenko, Cassidy, Newsome, Megan, O'Brien, John T., Pearson, Jeniveve, Pellegrino, Craig, Pierel, Justin D. R., Polin, Abigail, Rest, Armin, Rojas-Bravo, Cesar, Sand, David J., Schwab, Michaela, Shahbandeh, Melissa, Shrestha, Manisha, Smith, Nathan, Strolger, Louis-Gregory, Szalai, Tamas, Taggart, Kirsty, Terreran, Giacomo, Terwel, Jacco H., Tinyanont, Samaporn, Valenti, Stefano, Vinko, Jozsef, Wheeler, J. Craig, Yang, Yi, Zheng, WeiKang, Ashall, Chris, DerKacy, James M., Galbany, Lluis, Hoeflich, Peter, de Jaeger, Thomas, Lu, Jing, Maund, Justyn, Medler, Kyle, Morrell, Nidia, Shappee, Benjamin J., Stritzinger, Maximilian, Suntzeff, Nicholas, Tucker, Michael, Wang, Lifan, Kwok, Lindsey A., Siebert, Matthew R., Johansson, Joel, Jha, Saurabh W., Blondin, Stephane, Dessart, Luc, Foley, Ryan J., Hillier, D. John, Larison, Conor, Pakmor, Ruediger, Temim, Tea, Andrews, Jennifer E., Auchettl, Katie, Badenes, Carles, Barna, Barnabas, Bostroem, K. Azalee, Newman, Max J. Brenner, Brink, Thomas G., Bustamante-Rosell, Maria Jose, Camacho-Neves, Yssavo, Clocchiatti, Alejandro, Coulter, David A., Davis, Kyle W., Deckers, Maxime, Dimitriadis, Georgios, Dong, Yize, Farah, Joseph, Filippenko, Alexei V., Flors, Andreas, Fox, Ori D., Garnavich, Peter, Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla, Graur, Or, Hambsch, Franz-Josef, Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Howell, D. Andrew, Hughes, John P., Kerzendorf, Wolfgang E., Saux, Xavier K. Le, Maeda, Keiichi, Maguire, Kate, McCully, Curtis, Mihalenko, Cassidy, Newsome, Megan, O'Brien, John T., Pearson, Jeniveve, Pellegrino, Craig, Pierel, Justin D. R., Polin, Abigail, Rest, Armin, Rojas-Bravo, Cesar, Sand, David J., Schwab, Michaela, Shahbandeh, Melissa, Shrestha, Manisha, Smith, Nathan, Strolger, Louis-Gregory, Szalai, Tamas, Taggart, Kirsty, Terreran, Giacomo, Terwel, Jacco H., Tinyanont, Samaporn, Valenti, Stefano, Vinko, Jozsef, Wheeler, J. Craig, Yang, Yi, Zheng, WeiKang, Ashall, Chris, DerKacy, James M., Galbany, Lluis, Hoeflich, Peter, de Jaeger, Thomas, Lu, Jing, Maund, Justyn, Medler, Kyle, Morrell, Nidia, Shappee, Benjamin J., Stritzinger, Maximilian, Suntzeff, Nicholas, Tucker, Michael, and Wang, Lifan
Abstract: We present an analysis of ground-based and JWST observations of SN 2022pul, a peculiar "03fg-like" (or "super-Chandrasekhar") Type Ia supernova (SN Ia), in the nebular phase at 338 d post explosion. Our combined spectrum continuously covers 0.4-14 $\mu$m and includes the first mid-infrared spectrum of an 03fg-like SN Ia. Compared to normal SN Ia 2021aefx, SN 2022pul exhibits a lower mean ionization state, asymmetric emission-line profiles, stronger emission from the intermediate-mass elements (IMEs) argon and calcium, weaker emission from iron-group elements (IGEs), and the first unambiguous detection of neon in a SN Ia. Strong, broad, centrally peaked [Ne II] at 12.81 $\mu$m was previously predicted as a hallmark of "violent merger'' SN Ia models, where dynamical interaction between two sub-$M_{\text{Ch}}$ white dwarfs (WDs) causes disruption of the lower mass WD and detonation of the other. The violent merger scenario was already a leading hypothesis for 03fg-like SNe Ia; in SN 2022pul it can explain the large-scale ejecta asymmetries seen between the IMEs and IGEs and the central location of narrow oxygen and broad neon. We modify extant models to add clumping of the central ejecta to better reproduce the optical iron emission, and add mass in the innermost region ($< 2000$ km s$^{-1}$) to account for the observed narrow [O I] $\lambda\lambda6300$, 6364 emission. A violent WD-WD merger explains many of the observations of SN 2022pul, and our results favor this model interpretation for the subclass of 03fg-like SN Ia., Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures, submitted to ApJ
Published: 2023

6. Environmental dependence of Type IIn supernova properties

Author: Moriya, Takashi J., Galbany, Lluis, Jimenez-Palau, Cristina, Anderson, Joseph P., Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo, Sanchez, Sebastian F., Lyman, Joseph D., Pessi, Thallis, Prieto, Jose L., Kochanek, Christopher S., Dong, Subo, Chen, Ping, Moriya, Takashi J., Galbany, Lluis, Jimenez-Palau, Cristina, Anderson, Joseph P., Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo, Sanchez, Sebastian F., Lyman, Joseph D., Pessi, Thallis, Prieto, Jose L., Kochanek, Christopher S., Dong, Subo, and Chen, Ping
Abstract: Type IIn supernovae occur when stellar explosions are surrounded by dense hydrogen-rich circumstellar matter. The dense circumstellar matter is likely formed by extreme mass loss from their progenitors shortly before they explode. The nature of Type IIn supernova progenitors and the mass-loss mechanism forming the dense circumstellar matter are still unknown. In this work, we investigate if there are any correlations between Type IIn supernova properties and their local environments. We use Type IIn supernovae with well-observed light-curves and host-galaxy integral field spectroscopic data so that we can estimate both supernova and environmental properties. We find that Type IIn supernovae with a higher peak luminosity tend to occur in environments with lower metallicity and/or younger stellar populations. The circumstellar matter density around Type IIn supernovae is not significantly correlated with metallicity, so the mass-loss mechanism forming the dense circumstellar matter around Type IIn supernovae might be insensitive to metallicity., Comment: 15 pages, 8 pages, 4 tables, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2023

7. Are classification metrics good proxies for SN Ia cosmological constraining power?

Author: Malz, Alex I., Dai, Mi, Ponder, Kara A., Ishida, Emille E. O., Gonzalez-Gaitain, Santiago, Durgesh, Rupesh, Krone-Martins, Alberto, de Souza, Rafael S., Kennamer, Noble, Sreejith, Sreevarsha, Galbany, Lluis, Collaboration, The LSST Dark Energy Science, Initiative, The Cosmostatistics, Malz, Alex I., Dai, Mi, Ponder, Kara A., Ishida, Emille E. O., Gonzalez-Gaitain, Santiago, Durgesh, Rupesh, Krone-Martins, Alberto, de Souza, Rafael S., Kennamer, Noble, Sreejith, Sreevarsha, Galbany, Lluis, Collaboration, The LSST Dark Energy Science, and Initiative, The Cosmostatistics
Abstract: Context: When selecting a classifier to use for a supernova Ia (SN Ia) cosmological analysis, it is common to make decisions based on metrics of classification performance, i.e. contamination within the photometrically classified SN Ia sample, rather than a measure of cosmological constraining power. If the former is an appropriate proxy for the latter, this practice would save those designing an analysis pipeline from the computational expense of a full cosmology forecast. Aims: This study tests the assumption that classification metrics are an appropriate proxy for cosmology metrics. Methods: We emulate photometric SN Ia cosmology samples with controlled contamination rates of individual contaminant classes and evaluate each of them under a set of classification metrics. We then derive cosmological parameter constraints from all samples under two common analysis approaches and quantify the impact of contamination by each contaminant class on the resulting cosmological parameter estimates. Results: We observe that cosmology metrics are sensitive to both the contamination rate and the class of the contaminating population, whereas the classification metrics are insensitive to the latter. Conclusions: We therefore discourage exclusive reliance on classification-based metrics for cosmological analysis design decisions, e.g. classifier choice, and instead recommend optimizing using a metric of cosmological parameter constraining power., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures; submitted to A&A
Published: 2023

8. 1100 days in the life of the supernova 2018ibb -- The best pair-instability supernova candidate, to date

Author: Schulze, Steve, Fransson, Claes, Kozyreva, Alexandra, Chen, Ting-Wan, Yaron, Ofer, Jerkstrand, Anders, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Sollerman, Jesper, Yan, Lin, Kangas, Tuomas, Leloudas, Giorgos, Omand, Conor M. B., Smartt, Stephen J., Yang, Yi, Nicholl, Matt, Sarin, Nikhil, Yao, Yuhan, Brink, Thomas G., Sharon, Amir, Rossi, Andrea, Chen, Ping, Chen, Zhihao, Cikota, Aleksandar, De, Kishalay, Drake, Andrew J., Filippenko, Alexei V., Fremling, Christoffer, Freour, Laurane, Fynbo, Johan P. U., Ho, Anna Y. Q., Inserra, Cosimo, Irani, Ido, Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo, Lunnan, Ragnhild, Mazzali, Paolo, Ofek, Eran O., Palazzi, Eliana, Perley, Daniel A., Pursiainen, Miika, Rothberg, Barry, Shingles, Luke J., Smith, Ken, Taggart, Kirsty, Tartaglia, Leonardo, Zheng, WeiKang, Anderson, Joseph P., Cassara, Letizia, Christensen, Eric, Djorgovski, S. George, Galbany, Lluis, Gkini, Anamaria, Graham, Matthew J., Gromadzki, Mariusz, Groom, Steven L., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Howell, D. Andrew, Kasliwal, Mansi M., McCully, Curtis, Müller-Bravo, Tomas E., Paiano, Simona, Paraskeva, Emmanouela, Pessi, Priscila J., Polishook, David, Rau, Arne, Rigault, Mickael, Rusholme, Ben, Schulze, Steve, Fransson, Claes, Kozyreva, Alexandra, Chen, Ting-Wan, Yaron, Ofer, Jerkstrand, Anders, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Sollerman, Jesper, Yan, Lin, Kangas, Tuomas, Leloudas, Giorgos, Omand, Conor M. B., Smartt, Stephen J., Yang, Yi, Nicholl, Matt, Sarin, Nikhil, Yao, Yuhan, Brink, Thomas G., Sharon, Amir, Rossi, Andrea, Chen, Ping, Chen, Zhihao, Cikota, Aleksandar, De, Kishalay, Drake, Andrew J., Filippenko, Alexei V., Fremling, Christoffer, Freour, Laurane, Fynbo, Johan P. U., Ho, Anna Y. Q., Inserra, Cosimo, Irani, Ido, Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo, Lunnan, Ragnhild, Mazzali, Paolo, Ofek, Eran O., Palazzi, Eliana, Perley, Daniel A., Pursiainen, Miika, Rothberg, Barry, Shingles, Luke J., Smith, Ken, Taggart, Kirsty, Tartaglia, Leonardo, Zheng, WeiKang, Anderson, Joseph P., Cassara, Letizia, Christensen, Eric, Djorgovski, S. George, Galbany, Lluis, Gkini, Anamaria, Graham, Matthew J., Gromadzki, Mariusz, Groom, Steven L., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Howell, D. Andrew, Kasliwal, Mansi M., McCully, Curtis, Müller-Bravo, Tomas E., Paiano, Simona, Paraskeva, Emmanouela, Pessi, Priscila J., Polishook, David, Rau, Arne, Rigault, Mickael, and Rusholme, Ben
Abstract: Abridged - Stars with ZAMS masses between 140 and $260 M_\odot$ are thought to explode as pair-instability supernovae (PISNe). During their thermonuclear runaway, PISNe can produce up to several tens of solar masses of radioactive nickel, resulting in luminous transients similar to some superluminous supernovae (SLSNe). Yet, no unambiguous PISN has been discovered so far. SN2018ibb is a H-poor SLSN at $z=0.166$ that evolves extremely slowly compared to the hundreds of known SLSNe. Between mid 2018 and early 2022, we monitored its photometric and spectroscopic evolution from the UV to the NIR with 2-10m class telescopes. SN2018ibb radiated $>3\times10^{51} \rm erg$ during its evolution, and its bolometric light curve reached $>2\times10^{44} \rm erg\,s^{-1}$ at peak. The long-lasting rise of $>93$ rest-frame days implies a long diffusion time, which requires a very high total ejected mass. The PISN mechanism naturally provides both the energy source ($^{56}$Ni) and the long diffusion time. Theoretical models of PISNe make clear predictions for their photometric and spectroscopic properties. SN2018ibb complies with most tests on the light curves, nebular spectra and host galaxy, potentially all tests with the interpretation we propose. Both the light curve and the spectra require 25-44 $M_\odot$ of freshly nucleosynthesised $^{56}$Ni, pointing to the explosion of a metal-poor star with a He-core mass of 120-130 $M_\odot$ at the time of death. This interpretation is also supported by the tentative detection of [Co II]$\lambda$1.025$\mu$m, which has never been observed in any other PISN candidate or SLSN before. Powering by a central engine, such as a magnetar or a black hole, can be excluded with high confidence. This makes SN2018ibb by far the best candidate for being a PISN, to date., Comment: Accepted in A&A, the revised version includes a PISN rate estimate and an additional test with PISN models. 47 pages, main text 41 pages, 38 figures, 16 Tables
Published: 2023

9. SN 2022acko: the First Early Far-Ultraviolet Spectra of a Type IIP Supernova

Author: Bostroem, K. Azalee, Dessart, Luc, Hillier, D. John, Lundquist, Michael, Andrews, Jennifer E., Sand, David J., Dong, Yize, Valenti, Stefano, Haislip, Joshua, Hoang, Emily T., Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Janzen, Daryl, Jencson, Jacob E., Jha, Saurabh W., Kouprianov, Vladimir, Pearson, Jeniveve, Retamal, Nicolas E. Meza, Reichart, Daniel E., Shrestha, Manisha, Ashall, Christopher, Baron, E., Brown, Peter J., DerKacy, James M., Farah, Joseph, Galbany, Lluis, Hernandez, Jonay I. Gonzalez, Green, Elizabeth, Hoeflich, Peter, Howell, D. Andrew, Kwok, Lindsey A., McCully, Curtis, Muller-Bravo, Tomas E., Newsome, Megan, Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla, Pellegrino, Craig, Rho, Jeonghee, Rowe, Micalyn, Schwab, Michaela, Shahbandeh, Melissa, Smith, Nathan, Strader, Jay, Terreran, Giacomo, Van Dyk, Schuyler D., Wyatt, Samuel, Bostroem, K. Azalee, Dessart, Luc, Hillier, D. John, Lundquist, Michael, Andrews, Jennifer E., Sand, David J., Dong, Yize, Valenti, Stefano, Haislip, Joshua, Hoang, Emily T., Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Janzen, Daryl, Jencson, Jacob E., Jha, Saurabh W., Kouprianov, Vladimir, Pearson, Jeniveve, Retamal, Nicolas E. Meza, Reichart, Daniel E., Shrestha, Manisha, Ashall, Christopher, Baron, E., Brown, Peter J., DerKacy, James M., Farah, Joseph, Galbany, Lluis, Hernandez, Jonay I. Gonzalez, Green, Elizabeth, Hoeflich, Peter, Howell, D. Andrew, Kwok, Lindsey A., McCully, Curtis, Muller-Bravo, Tomas E., Newsome, Megan, Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla, Pellegrino, Craig, Rho, Jeonghee, Rowe, Micalyn, Schwab, Michaela, Shahbandeh, Melissa, Smith, Nathan, Strader, Jay, Terreran, Giacomo, Van Dyk, Schuyler D., and Wyatt, Samuel
Abstract: We present five far- and near-ultraviolet spectra of the Type II plateau supernova, SN 2022acko, obtained 5, 6, 7, 19, and 21 days after explosion, all observed with the Hubble Space Telescope/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. The first three epochs are earlier than any Type II plateau supernova has been observed in the far-ultraviolet revealing unprecedented characteristics. These three spectra are dominated by strong lines, primarily from metals, which contrasts with the relatively featureless early optical spectra. The flux decreases over the initial time series as the ejecta cools and line-blanketing takes effect. We model this unique dataset with the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium radiation transport code CMFGEN, finding a good match to the explosion of a low mass red supergiant with energy Ekin = 6 x 10^50 erg. With these models we identify, for the first time, the ions that dominate the early UV spectra. We also present optical photometry and spectroscopy, showing that SN 2022acko has a peak absolute magnitude of V = -15.4 mag and plateau length of ~115d. The spectra closely resemble those of SN 2005cs and SN 2012A. Using the combined optical and UV spectra, we report the fraction of flux redwards of the uvw2, U, B, and V filters on days 5, 7, and 19. We also create a spectral time-series of Type II supernovae in the ultraviolet, demonstrating the rapid decline of UV flux over the first few weeks of evolution. Future observations of Type II supernovae will continue to explore the diversity seen in the limited set of high-quality UV spectra., Comment: Published in ApJL
Published: 2023
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10. Revealing the Progenitor of SN 2021zby through Analysis of the TESS Shock-cooling Light Curve

Author: Wang, Qinan, Armstrong, Patrick, Zenati, Yossef, Ridden-Harper, Ryan, Rest, Armin, Arcavi, Iair, Kilpatrick, Charles D., Foley, Ryan J., Tucker, Brad E., Lidman, Chris, Killestein, Thomas L., Shahbandeh, Melissa, Anderson, Joseph P., Angulo, Rodrigo, Ashall, Chris, Burke, Jamison, Chen, Ting-Wan, von Coelln, Sophie, Dalrymple, Kyle A., Davis, Kyle W., Fulton, Michael D., Galbany, Lluis, Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla, Gao, Bore, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Howell, D. Andrew, Ihanec, Nada, Jencson, Jacob E., Jones, David O., Lyman, Joseph D., McCully, Curtis, Muller-Bravo, Tomas E., Newsome, Megan, Nicholl, Matt, O'Neill, David, Pellegrino, Craig, Rest, Sofia, Smartt, Stephen J., Smith, Ken, Srivastav, Shubham, Terreran, Giacomo, Tinyanont, Samaporn, Young, David R., Zenteno, Alfredo, Wang, Qinan, Armstrong, Patrick, Zenati, Yossef, Ridden-Harper, Ryan, Rest, Armin, Arcavi, Iair, Kilpatrick, Charles D., Foley, Ryan J., Tucker, Brad E., Lidman, Chris, Killestein, Thomas L., Shahbandeh, Melissa, Anderson, Joseph P., Angulo, Rodrigo, Ashall, Chris, Burke, Jamison, Chen, Ting-Wan, von Coelln, Sophie, Dalrymple, Kyle A., Davis, Kyle W., Fulton, Michael D., Galbany, Lluis, Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla, Gao, Bore, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Howell, D. Andrew, Ihanec, Nada, Jencson, Jacob E., Jones, David O., Lyman, Joseph D., McCully, Curtis, Muller-Bravo, Tomas E., Newsome, Megan, Nicholl, Matt, O'Neill, David, Pellegrino, Craig, Rest, Sofia, Smartt, Stephen J., Smith, Ken, Srivastav, Shubham, Terreran, Giacomo, Tinyanont, Samaporn, Young, David R., and Zenteno, Alfredo
Abstract: We present early observations and analysis of the double-peaked Type IIb supernova (SN IIb) SN 2021zby. TESS captured the prominent early shock-cooling peak of SN 2021zby within the first similar to 10 days after explosion with a 30 minute cadence. We present optical and near-infrared spectral series of SN 2021zby, including three spectra during the shock-cooling phase. Using a multiband model fit, we find that the inferred properties of its progenitor are consistent with a red supergiant or yellow supergiant, with an envelope mass of similar to 0.30-0.65 M-circle dot and an envelope radius of similar to 120-300 R-circle dot. These inferred progenitor properties are similar to those of other SNe IIb with a double-peaked feature, such as SNe 1993J, 2011dh, 2016gkg, and 2017jgh. This study further validates the importance of the high cadence and early coverage in resolving the shape of the shock-cooling light curve, while the multiband observations, particularly UV, are also necessary to fully constrain the progenitor properties.
Published: 2023

11. Carnegie Supernova Project. II. Near-infrared Spectral Diversity and Template of Type Ia Supernovae

Author: Lu, Jing, Hsiao, Eric Y., Phillips, Mark M., Burns, Christopher R., Ashall, Chris, Morrell, Nidia, Ng, Lawrence, Kumar, Sahana, Shahbandeh, Melissa, Hoeflich, Peter, Baron, E., Uddin, Syed, Stritzinger, Maximilian D., Suntzeff, Nicholas B., Baltay, Charles, Davis, Scott, Diamond, Tiara R., Folatelli, Gaston, Forster, Francisco, Gagne, Jonathan, Galbany, Lluis, Gall, Christa, Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Holmbo, Simon, Kirshner, Robert P., Krisciunas, Kevin, Marion, G. H., Perlmutter, Saul, Pessi, Priscila J., Piro, Anthony L., Rabinowitz, David, Ryder, Stuart D., Sand, David J., Lu, Jing, Hsiao, Eric Y., Phillips, Mark M., Burns, Christopher R., Ashall, Chris, Morrell, Nidia, Ng, Lawrence, Kumar, Sahana, Shahbandeh, Melissa, Hoeflich, Peter, Baron, E., Uddin, Syed, Stritzinger, Maximilian D., Suntzeff, Nicholas B., Baltay, Charles, Davis, Scott, Diamond, Tiara R., Folatelli, Gaston, Forster, Francisco, Gagne, Jonathan, Galbany, Lluis, Gall, Christa, Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Holmbo, Simon, Kirshner, Robert P., Krisciunas, Kevin, Marion, G. H., Perlmutter, Saul, Pessi, Priscila J., Piro, Anthony L., Rabinowitz, David, Ryder, Stuart D., and Sand, David J.
Abstract: We present the largest and most homogeneous collection of near-infrared (NIR) spectra of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia): 339 spectra of 98 individual SNe obtained as part of the Carnegie Supernova Project-II. These spectra, obtained with the FIRE spectrograph on the 6.5 m Magellan Baade telescope, have a spectral range of 0.8-2.5 mu m. Using this sample, we explore the NIR spectral diversity of SNe Ia and construct a template of spectral time series as a function of the light-curve-shape parameter, color stretch s ( BV ). Principal component analysis is applied to characterize the diversity of the spectral features and reduce data dimensionality to a smaller subspace. Gaussian process regression is then used to model the subspace dependence on phase and light-curve shape and the associated uncertainty. Our template is able to predict spectral variations that are correlated with s ( BV ), such as the hallmark NIR features: Mg ii at early times and the H-band break after peak. Using this template reduces the systematic uncertainties in K-corrections by similar to 90% compared to those from the Hsiao template. These uncertainties, defined as the mean K-correction differences computed with the color-matched template and observed spectra, are on the level of 4 x 10(-4) mag on average. This template can serve as the baseline spectral energy distribution for light-curve fitters and can identify peculiar spectral features that might point to compelling physics. The results presented here will substantially improve future SN Ia cosmological experiments, for both nearby and distant samples.
Published: 2023

12. Carnegie Supernova Project. II. Near-infrared Spectral Diversity and Template of Type Ia Supernovae

Author: Lu, Jing, Hsiao, Eric Y., Phillips, Mark M., Burns, Christopher R., Ashall, Chris, Morrell, Nidia, Ng, Lawrence, Kumar, Sahana, Shahbandeh, Melissa, Hoeflich, Peter, Baron, E., Uddin, Syed, Stritzinger, Maximilian D., Suntzeff, Nicholas B., Baltay, Charles, Davis, Scott, Diamond, Tiara R., Folatelli, Gaston, Forster, Francisco, Gagne, Jonathan, Galbany, Lluis, Gall, Christa, Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Holmbo, Simon, Kirshner, Robert P., Krisciunas, Kevin, Marion, G. H., Perlmutter, Saul, Pessi, Priscila J., Piro, Anthony L., Rabinowitz, David, Ryder, Stuart D., Sand, David J., Lu, Jing, Hsiao, Eric Y., Phillips, Mark M., Burns, Christopher R., Ashall, Chris, Morrell, Nidia, Ng, Lawrence, Kumar, Sahana, Shahbandeh, Melissa, Hoeflich, Peter, Baron, E., Uddin, Syed, Stritzinger, Maximilian D., Suntzeff, Nicholas B., Baltay, Charles, Davis, Scott, Diamond, Tiara R., Folatelli, Gaston, Forster, Francisco, Gagne, Jonathan, Galbany, Lluis, Gall, Christa, Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Holmbo, Simon, Kirshner, Robert P., Krisciunas, Kevin, Marion, G. H., Perlmutter, Saul, Pessi, Priscila J., Piro, Anthony L., Rabinowitz, David, Ryder, Stuart D., and Sand, David J.
Abstract: We present the largest and most homogeneous collection of near-infrared (NIR) spectra of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia): 339 spectra of 98 individual SNe obtained as part of the Carnegie Supernova Project-II. These spectra, obtained with the FIRE spectrograph on the 6.5 m Magellan Baade telescope, have a spectral range of 0.8-2.5 mu m. Using this sample, we explore the NIR spectral diversity of SNe Ia and construct a template of spectral time series as a function of the light-curve-shape parameter, color stretch s ( BV ). Principal component analysis is applied to characterize the diversity of the spectral features and reduce data dimensionality to a smaller subspace. Gaussian process regression is then used to model the subspace dependence on phase and light-curve shape and the associated uncertainty. Our template is able to predict spectral variations that are correlated with s ( BV ), such as the hallmark NIR features: Mg ii at early times and the H-band break after peak. Using this template reduces the systematic uncertainties in K-corrections by similar to 90% compared to those from the Hsiao template. These uncertainties, defined as the mean K-correction differences computed with the color-matched template and observed spectra, are on the level of 4 x 10(-4) mag on average. This template can serve as the baseline spectral energy distribution for light-curve fitters and can identify peculiar spectral features that might point to compelling physics. The results presented here will substantially improve future SN Ia cosmological experiments, for both nearby and distant samples.
Published: 2023

13. Infant-phase reddening by surface Fe-peak elements in a normal Type Ia Supernova

Author: Ni, Yuan Qi, Moon, Dae-Sik, Drout, Maria R., Polin, Abigail, Sand, David J., Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Kim, Sang Chul, Lee, Youngdae, Park, Hong Soo, Howell, D. Andrew, Nugent, Peter E., Piro, Anthony L., Brown, Peter J., Galbany, Lluis, Burke, Jamison, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Valenti, Stefano, Afsariardchi, Niloufar, Andrews, Jennifer E., Antoniadis, John, Arcavi, Iair, Beaton, Rachael L., Bostroem, K. Azalee, Carlberg, Raymond G., Cenko, S. Bradley, Cha, Sang-Mok, Dong, Yize, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Haislip, Joshua, Holoien, Thomas W. -S., Johnson, Sean D., Kouprianov, Vladimir, Lee, Yongseok, Matzner, Christopher D., Morrell, Nidia, McCully, Curtis, Pignata, Giuliano, Reichart, Daniel E., Rich, Jeffrey, Ryder, Stuart D., Smith, Nathan, Wyatt, Samuel, Yang, Sheng, Ni, Yuan Qi, Moon, Dae-Sik, Drout, Maria R., Polin, Abigail, Sand, David J., Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Kim, Sang Chul, Lee, Youngdae, Park, Hong Soo, Howell, D. Andrew, Nugent, Peter E., Piro, Anthony L., Brown, Peter J., Galbany, Lluis, Burke, Jamison, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Valenti, Stefano, Afsariardchi, Niloufar, Andrews, Jennifer E., Antoniadis, John, Arcavi, Iair, Beaton, Rachael L., Bostroem, K. Azalee, Carlberg, Raymond G., Cenko, S. Bradley, Cha, Sang-Mok, Dong, Yize, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Haislip, Joshua, Holoien, Thomas W. -S., Johnson, Sean D., Kouprianov, Vladimir, Lee, Yongseok, Matzner, Christopher D., Morrell, Nidia, McCully, Curtis, Pignata, Giuliano, Reichart, Daniel E., Rich, Jeffrey, Ryder, Stuart D., Smith, Nathan, Wyatt, Samuel, and Yang, Sheng
Abstract: Type Ia Supernovae are thermonuclear explosions of white dwarf stars. They play a central role in the chemical evolution of the Universe and are an important measure of cosmological distances. However, outstanding questions remain about their origins. Despite extensive efforts to obtain natal information from their earliest signals, observations have thus far failed to identify how the majority of them explode. Here, we present infant-phase detections of SN 2018aoz from a brightness of -10.5 absolute AB magnitudes -- the lowest luminosity early Type Ia signals ever detected -- revealing a hitherto unseen plateau in the $B$-band that results in a rapid redward color evolution between 1.0 and 12.4 hours after the estimated epoch of first light. The missing $B$-band flux is best-explained by line-blanket absorption from Fe-peak elements in the outer 1% of the ejected mass. The observed $B-V$ color evolution of the SN also matches the prediction from an over-density of Fe-peak elements in the same outer 1% of the ejected mass, whereas bluer colors are expected from a purely monotonic distribution of Fe-peak elements. The presence of excess nucleosynthetic material in the extreme outer layers of the ejecta points to enhanced surface nuclear burning or extended sub-sonic mixing processes in some normal Type Ia Supernova explosions., Comment: Accepted for publication in Nature Astronomy. Main text = 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; Full document = 46 pages, with Methods, Supplementary Information, 7 Supplementary figures, 2 Supplementary tables and references. Nat Astron (2022)
Published: 2022
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14. Weak Mass Loss from the Red Supergiant Progenitor of the Type II SN 2021yja

Author: Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Kilpatrick, Charles D., Dong, Yize, Sand, David J., Andrews, Jennifer E., Bostroem, K. Azalee, Janzen, Daryl, Jencson, Jacob E., Lundquist, Michael, Retamal, Nicolas E. Meza, Pearson, Jeniveve, Valenti, Stefano, Wyatt, Samuel, Burke, Jamison, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Howell, D. Andrew, McCully, Curtis, Newsome, Megan, Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla, Pellegrino, Craig, Terreran, Giacomo, Auchettl, Katie, Davis, Kyle W., Foley, Ryan J., Miao, Hao-Yu, Pan, Yen-Chen, Rest, Armin, Siebert, Matthew R., Taggart, Kirsty, Tucker, Brad E., Leung, Feng Lin Cyrus, Swift, Jonathan J., Yang, Grace, Anderson, Joseph P., Ashall, Chris, Benetti, Stefano, Brown, Peter J., Cartier, Regis, Chen, Ting-Wan, Della Valle, Massimo, Galbany, Lluis, Gomez, Sebastian, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Haislip, Joshua, Hsiao, Eric Y., Inserra, Cosimo, Jha, Saurabh W., Killestein, Thomas L., Kouprianov, Vladimir, Kozyreva, Alexandra, Muller-Bravo, Tomas E., Nicholl, Matt, Paraskeva, Emmy, Reichart, Daniel E., Ryder, Stuart, Shahbandeh, Melissa, Shappee, Ben, Smith, Nathan, Young, David R., Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Kilpatrick, Charles D., Dong, Yize, Sand, David J., Andrews, Jennifer E., Bostroem, K. Azalee, Janzen, Daryl, Jencson, Jacob E., Lundquist, Michael, Retamal, Nicolas E. Meza, Pearson, Jeniveve, Valenti, Stefano, Wyatt, Samuel, Burke, Jamison, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Howell, D. Andrew, McCully, Curtis, Newsome, Megan, Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla, Pellegrino, Craig, Terreran, Giacomo, Auchettl, Katie, Davis, Kyle W., Foley, Ryan J., Miao, Hao-Yu, Pan, Yen-Chen, Rest, Armin, Siebert, Matthew R., Taggart, Kirsty, Tucker, Brad E., Leung, Feng Lin Cyrus, Swift, Jonathan J., Yang, Grace, Anderson, Joseph P., Ashall, Chris, Benetti, Stefano, Brown, Peter J., Cartier, Regis, Chen, Ting-Wan, Della Valle, Massimo, Galbany, Lluis, Gomez, Sebastian, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Haislip, Joshua, Hsiao, Eric Y., Inserra, Cosimo, Jha, Saurabh W., Killestein, Thomas L., Kouprianov, Vladimir, Kozyreva, Alexandra, Muller-Bravo, Tomas E., Nicholl, Matt, Paraskeva, Emmy, Reichart, Daniel E., Ryder, Stuart, Shahbandeh, Melissa, Shappee, Ben, Smith, Nathan, and Young, David R.
Abstract: We present high-cadence optical, ultraviolet (UV), and near-infrared data of the nearby (D approximate to 23 Mpc) Type II supernova (SN) 2021yja. Many Type II SNe show signs of interaction with circumstellar material (CSM) during the first few days after explosion, implying that their red supergiant (RSG) progenitors experience episodic or eruptive mass loss. However, because it is difficult to discover SNe early, the diversity of CSM configurations in RSGs has not been fully mapped. SN 2021yja, first detected within approximate to 5.4 hours of explosion, shows some signatures of CSM interaction (high UV luminosity and radio and x-ray emission) but without the narrow emission lines or early light-curve peak that can accompany CSM. Here we analyze the densely sampled early light curve and spectral series of this nearby SN to infer the properties of its progenitor and CSM. We find that the most likely progenitor was an RSG with an extended envelope, encompassed by low-density CSM. We also present archival Hubble Space Telescope imaging of the host galaxy of SN 2021yja, which allows us to place a stringent upper limit of less than or similar to 9 M-circle dot; on the progenitor mass. However, this is in tension with some aspects of the SN evolution, which point to a more massive progenitor. Our analysis highlights the need to consider progenitor structure when making inferences about CSM properties, and that a comprehensive view of CSM tracers should be made to give a fuller view of the last years of RSG evolution.
Published: 2022
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15. The Seventeenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys : Complete Release of MaNGA, MaStar, and APOGEE-2 Data

Author: Abdurro'uf, Accetta, Katherine, Aerts, Conny, Aguirre, Victor Silva, Ahumada, Romina, Ajgaonkar, Nikhil, Ak, N. Filiz, Alam, Shadab, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Almeida, Andres, Anders, Friedrich, Anderson, Scott F., Andrews, Brett H., Anguiano, Borja, Aquino-Ortiz, Erik, Aragon-Salamanca, Alfonso, Argudo-Fernandez, Maria, Ata, Metin, Aubert, Marie, Avila-Reese, Vladimir, Badenes, Carles, Barba, Rodolfo H., Barger, Kat, Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K., Beaton, Rachael L., Beers, Timothy C., Belfiore, Francesco, Bender, Chad F., Bernardi, Mariangela, Bershady, Matthew A., Beutler, Florian, Bidin, Christian Moni, Bird, Jonathan C., Bizyaev, Dmitry, Blanc, Guillermo A., Blanton, Michael R., Boardman, Nicholas Fraser, Bolton, Adam S., Boquien, Mederic, Borissova, Jura, Bovy, Jo, Brandt, W. N., Brown, Jordan, Brownstein, Joel R., Brusa, Marcella, Buchner, Johannes, Bundy, Kevin, Burchett, Joseph N., Bureau, Martin, Burgasser, Adam, Cabang, Tuesday K., Campbell, Stephanie, Cappellari, Michele, Carlberg, Joleen K., Wanderley, Fabio Carneiro, Carrera, Ricardo, Cash, Jennifer, Chen, Yan-Ping, Chen, Wei-Huai, Cherinka, Brian, Chiappini, Cristina, Choi, Peter Doohyun, Chojnowski, S. Drew, Chung, Haeun, Clerc, Nicolas, Cohen, Roger E., Comerford, Julia M., Comparat, Johan, da Costa, Luiz, Covey, Kevin, Crane, Jeffrey D., Cruz-Gonzalez, Irene, Culhane, Connor, Cunha, Katia, Dai, Y. Sophia, Damke, Guillermo, Darling, Jeremy, Davidson, James W., Jr., Davies, Roger, Dawson, Kyle, De Lee, Nathan, Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M., Cano-Diaz, Mariana, Sanchez, Helena Dominguez, Donor, John, Duckworth, Chris, Dwelly, Tom, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elsworth, Yvonne P., Emsellem, Eric, Eracleous, Mike, Escoffier, Stephanie, Fan, Xiaohui, Farr, Emily, Feng, Shuai, Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G., Feuillet, Diane, Filipp, Andreas, Fillingham, Sean P., Frinchaboy, Peter M., Fromenteau, Sebastien, Galbany, Lluis, Garcia, Rafael A., Garcia-Hernandez, D. A., Ge, Junqiang, Geisler, Doug, Gelfand, Joseph, Geron, Tobias, Gibson, Benjamin J., Goddy, Julian, Godoy-Rivera, Diego, Grabowski, Kathleen, Green, Paul J., Greener, Michael, Grier, Catherine J., Griffith, Emily, Guo, Hong, Guy, Julien, Hadjara, Massinissa, Harding, Paul, Hasselquist, Sten, Hayes, Christian R., Hearty, Fred, Hill, Lewis, Hogg, David W., Holtzman, Jon A., Horta, Danny, Hsieh, Bau-Ching, Hsu, Chin-Hao, Hsu, Yun-Hsin, Huber, Daniel, Huertas-Company, Marc, Hutchinson, Brian, Hwang, Ho Seong, Ibarra-Medel, Hector J., Chitham, Jacob Ider, Ilha, Gabriele S., Imig, Julie, Jaekle, Will, Jayasinghe, Tharindu, Ji, Xihan, Johnson, Jennifer A., Jones, Amy, Jönsson, Henrik, Katkov, Ivan, Khalatyan, Arman, Kinemuchi, Karen, Kisku, Shobhit, Knapen, Johan H., Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kollmeier, Juna A., Kong, Miranda, Kounkel, Marina, Kreckel, Kathryn, Krishnarao, Dhanesh, Lacerna, Ivan, Lane, Richard R., Langgin, Rachel, Lavender, Ramon, Law, David R., Lazarz, Daniel, Leung, Henry W., Leung, Ho-Hin, Lewis, Hannah M., Li, Cheng, Li, Ran, Lian, Jianhui, Liang, Fu-Heng, Lin, Lihwai, Lin, Yen-Ting, Lin, Sicheng, Lintott, Chris, Long, Dan, Longa-Pena, Penelope, Lopez-Coba, Carlos, Lu, Shengdong, Lundgren, Britt F., Luo, Yuanze, Mackereth, J. Ted, de la Macorra, Axel, Mahadevan, Suvrath, Majewski, Steven R., Manchado, Arturo, Mandeville, Travis, Maraston, Claudia, Margalef-Bentabol, Berta, Masseron, Thomas, Masters, Karen L., Mathur, Savita, McDermid, Richard M., Mckay, Myles, Merloni, Andrea, Merrifield, Michael, Meszaros, Szabolcs, Miglio, Andrea, Di Mille, Francesco, Minniti, Dante, Minsley, Rebecca, Monachesi, Antonela, Moon, Jeongin, Mosser, Benoit, Mulchaey, John, Muna, Demitri, Munoz, Ricardo R., Myers, Adam D., Myers, Natalie, Nadathur, Seshadri, Nair, Preethi, Nandra, Kirpal, Neumann, Justus, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nidever, David L., Nikakhtar, Farnik, Nitschelm, Christian, O'Connell, Julia E., Garma-Oehmichen, Luis, de Oliveira, Gabriel Luan Souza, Olney, Richard, Oravetz, Daniel, Ortigoza-Urdaneta, Mario, Osorio, Yeisson, Otter, Justin, Pace, Zachary J., Padilla, Nelson, Pan, Kaike, Pan, Hsi-An, Parikh, Taniya, Parker, James, Peirani, Sebastien, Ramirez, Karla Pena, Penny, Samantha, Percival, Will J., Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Pinsonneault, Marc, Poidevin, Frederick, Poovelil, Vijith Jacob, Price-Whelan, Adrian M., Queiroz, Anna Barbara de Andrade, Raddick, M. Jordan, Ray, Amy, Rembold, Sandro Barboza, Riddle, Nicole, Riffel, Rogemar A., Riffel, Rogerio, Rix, Hans-Walter, Robin, Annie C., Rodriguez-Puebla, Aldo, Roman-Lopes, Alexandre, Roman-Zuniga, Carlos, Rose, Benjamin, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Rubin, Kate H. R., Salvato, Mara, Sanchez, Sebastian F., Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R., Sanderson, Robyn, Rojas, Felipe Antonio Santana, Sarceno, Edgar, Sarmiento, Regina, Sayres, Conor, Sazonova, Elizaveta, Schaefer, Adam L., Schiavon, Ricardo, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Donald P., Schultheis, Mathias, Schwope, Axel, Serenelli, Aldo, Serna, Javier, Shao, Zhengyi, Shapiro, Griffin, Sharma, Anubhav, Shen, Yue, Shetrone, Matthew, Shu, Yiping, Simon, Joshua D., Skrutskie, M. F., Smethurst, Rebecca, Smith, Verne, Sobeck, Jennifer, Spoo, Taylor, Sprague, Dani, Stark, David, V, Stassun, Keivan G., Steinmetz, Matthias, Stello, Dennis, Stone-Martinez, Alexander, Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa, Stringfellow, Guy S., Stutz, Amelia, Su, Yung-Chau, Taghizadeh-Popp, Manuchehr, Talbot, Michael S., Tayar, Jamie, Telles, Eduardo, Teske, Johanna, Thakar, Ani, Theissen, Christopher, Tkachenko, Andrew, Thomas, Daniel, Tojeiro, Rita, Toledo, Hector Hernandez, Troup, Nicholas W., Trump, Jonathan R., Trussler, James, Turner, Jacqueline, Tuttle, Sarah, Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo, Vazquez-Mata, Jose Antonio, Valentini, Marica, Valenzuela, Octavio, Vargas-Gonzalez, Jaime, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Alfaro, Pablo Vera, Villanova, Sandro, Vincenzo, Fiorenzo, Wake, David, Warfield, Jack T., Washington, Jessica Diane, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, Weijmans, Anne-Marie, Weinberg, David H., Weiss, Achim, Westfall, Kyle B., Wild, Vivienne, Wilde, Matthew C., Wilson, John C., Wilson, Robert F., Wilson, Mikayla, Wolf, Julien, Wood-Vasey, W. M., Yan, Renbin, Zamora, Olga, Zasowski, Gail, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Cheng, Zheng, Zheng, Zhu, Kai, Abdurro'uf, Accetta, Katherine, Aerts, Conny, Aguirre, Victor Silva, Ahumada, Romina, Ajgaonkar, Nikhil, Ak, N. Filiz, Alam, Shadab, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Almeida, Andres, Anders, Friedrich, Anderson, Scott F., Andrews, Brett H., Anguiano, Borja, Aquino-Ortiz, Erik, Aragon-Salamanca, Alfonso, Argudo-Fernandez, Maria, Ata, Metin, Aubert, Marie, Avila-Reese, Vladimir, Badenes, Carles, Barba, Rodolfo H., Barger, Kat, Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K., Beaton, Rachael L., Beers, Timothy C., Belfiore, Francesco, Bender, Chad F., Bernardi, Mariangela, Bershady, Matthew A., Beutler, Florian, Bidin, Christian Moni, Bird, Jonathan C., Bizyaev, Dmitry, Blanc, Guillermo A., Blanton, Michael R., Boardman, Nicholas Fraser, Bolton, Adam S., Boquien, Mederic, Borissova, Jura, Bovy, Jo, Brandt, W. N., Brown, Jordan, Brownstein, Joel R., Brusa, Marcella, Buchner, Johannes, Bundy, Kevin, Burchett, Joseph N., Bureau, Martin, Burgasser, Adam, Cabang, Tuesday K., Campbell, Stephanie, Cappellari, Michele, Carlberg, Joleen K., Wanderley, Fabio Carneiro, Carrera, Ricardo, Cash, Jennifer, Chen, Yan-Ping, Chen, Wei-Huai, Cherinka, Brian, Chiappini, Cristina, Choi, Peter Doohyun, Chojnowski, S. Drew, Chung, Haeun, Clerc, Nicolas, Cohen, Roger E., Comerford, Julia M., Comparat, Johan, da Costa, Luiz, Covey, Kevin, Crane, Jeffrey D., Cruz-Gonzalez, Irene, Culhane, Connor, Cunha, Katia, Dai, Y. Sophia, Damke, Guillermo, Darling, Jeremy, Davidson, James W., Jr., Davies, Roger, Dawson, Kyle, De Lee, Nathan, Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M., Cano-Diaz, Mariana, Sanchez, Helena Dominguez, Donor, John, Duckworth, Chris, Dwelly, Tom, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elsworth, Yvonne P., Emsellem, Eric, Eracleous, Mike, Escoffier, Stephanie, Fan, Xiaohui, Farr, Emily, Feng, Shuai, Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G., Feuillet, Diane, Filipp, Andreas, Fillingham, Sean P., Frinchaboy, Peter M., Fromenteau, Sebastien, Galbany, Lluis, Garcia, Rafael A., Garcia-Hernandez, D. A., Ge, Junqiang, Geisler, Doug, Gelfand, Joseph, Geron, Tobias, Gibson, Benjamin J., Goddy, Julian, Godoy-Rivera, Diego, Grabowski, Kathleen, Green, Paul J., Greener, Michael, Grier, Catherine J., Griffith, Emily, Guo, Hong, Guy, Julien, Hadjara, Massinissa, Harding, Paul, Hasselquist, Sten, Hayes, Christian R., Hearty, Fred, Hill, Lewis, Hogg, David W., Holtzman, Jon A., Horta, Danny, Hsieh, Bau-Ching, Hsu, Chin-Hao, Hsu, Yun-Hsin, Huber, Daniel, Huertas-Company, Marc, Hutchinson, Brian, Hwang, Ho Seong, Ibarra-Medel, Hector J., Chitham, Jacob Ider, Ilha, Gabriele S., Imig, Julie, Jaekle, Will, Jayasinghe, Tharindu, Ji, Xihan, Johnson, Jennifer A., Jones, Amy, Jönsson, Henrik, Katkov, Ivan, Khalatyan, Arman, Kinemuchi, Karen, Kisku, Shobhit, Knapen, Johan H., Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kollmeier, Juna A., Kong, Miranda, Kounkel, Marina, Kreckel, Kathryn, Krishnarao, Dhanesh, Lacerna, Ivan, Lane, Richard R., Langgin, Rachel, Lavender, Ramon, Law, David R., Lazarz, Daniel, Leung, Henry W., Leung, Ho-Hin, Lewis, Hannah M., Li, Cheng, Li, Ran, Lian, Jianhui, Liang, Fu-Heng, Lin, Lihwai, Lin, Yen-Ting, Lin, Sicheng, Lintott, Chris, Long, Dan, Longa-Pena, Penelope, Lopez-Coba, Carlos, Lu, Shengdong, Lundgren, Britt F., Luo, Yuanze, Mackereth, J. Ted, de la Macorra, Axel, Mahadevan, Suvrath, Majewski, Steven R., Manchado, Arturo, Mandeville, Travis, Maraston, Claudia, Margalef-Bentabol, Berta, Masseron, Thomas, Masters, Karen L., Mathur, Savita, McDermid, Richard M., Mckay, Myles, Merloni, Andrea, Merrifield, Michael, Meszaros, Szabolcs, Miglio, Andrea, Di Mille, Francesco, Minniti, Dante, Minsley, Rebecca, Monachesi, Antonela, Moon, Jeongin, Mosser, Benoit, Mulchaey, John, Muna, Demitri, Munoz, Ricardo R., Myers, Adam D., Myers, Natalie, Nadathur, Seshadri, Nair, Preethi, Nandra, Kirpal, Neumann, Justus, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nidever, David L., Nikakhtar, Farnik, Nitschelm, Christian, O'Connell, Julia E., Garma-Oehmichen, Luis, de Oliveira, Gabriel Luan Souza, Olney, Richard, Oravetz, Daniel, Ortigoza-Urdaneta, Mario, Osorio, Yeisson, Otter, Justin, Pace, Zachary J., Padilla, Nelson, Pan, Kaike, Pan, Hsi-An, Parikh, Taniya, Parker, James, Peirani, Sebastien, Ramirez, Karla Pena, Penny, Samantha, Percival, Will J., Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Pinsonneault, Marc, Poidevin, Frederick, Poovelil, Vijith Jacob, Price-Whelan, Adrian M., Queiroz, Anna Barbara de Andrade, Raddick, M. Jordan, Ray, Amy, Rembold, Sandro Barboza, Riddle, Nicole, Riffel, Rogemar A., Riffel, Rogerio, Rix, Hans-Walter, Robin, Annie C., Rodriguez-Puebla, Aldo, Roman-Lopes, Alexandre, Roman-Zuniga, Carlos, Rose, Benjamin, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Rubin, Kate H. R., Salvato, Mara, Sanchez, Sebastian F., Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R., Sanderson, Robyn, Rojas, Felipe Antonio Santana, Sarceno, Edgar, Sarmiento, Regina, Sayres, Conor, Sazonova, Elizaveta, Schaefer, Adam L., Schiavon, Ricardo, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Donald P., Schultheis, Mathias, Schwope, Axel, Serenelli, Aldo, Serna, Javier, Shao, Zhengyi, Shapiro, Griffin, Sharma, Anubhav, Shen, Yue, Shetrone, Matthew, Shu, Yiping, Simon, Joshua D., Skrutskie, M. F., Smethurst, Rebecca, Smith, Verne, Sobeck, Jennifer, Spoo, Taylor, Sprague, Dani, Stark, David, V, Stassun, Keivan G., Steinmetz, Matthias, Stello, Dennis, Stone-Martinez, Alexander, Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa, Stringfellow, Guy S., Stutz, Amelia, Su, Yung-Chau, Taghizadeh-Popp, Manuchehr, Talbot, Michael S., Tayar, Jamie, Telles, Eduardo, Teske, Johanna, Thakar, Ani, Theissen, Christopher, Tkachenko, Andrew, Thomas, Daniel, Tojeiro, Rita, Toledo, Hector Hernandez, Troup, Nicholas W., Trump, Jonathan R., Trussler, James, Turner, Jacqueline, Tuttle, Sarah, Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo, Vazquez-Mata, Jose Antonio, Valentini, Marica, Valenzuela, Octavio, Vargas-Gonzalez, Jaime, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Alfaro, Pablo Vera, Villanova, Sandro, Vincenzo, Fiorenzo, Wake, David, Warfield, Jack T., Washington, Jessica Diane, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, Weijmans, Anne-Marie, Weinberg, David H., Weiss, Achim, Westfall, Kyle B., Wild, Vivienne, Wilde, Matthew C., Wilson, John C., Wilson, Robert F., Wilson, Mikayla, Wolf, Julien, Wood-Vasey, W. M., Yan, Renbin, Zamora, Olga, Zasowski, Gail, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Cheng, Zheng, Zheng, and Zhu, Kai
Abstract: This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fifth and final release from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). DR17 contains the complete release of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, which reached its goal of surveying over 10,000 nearby galaxies. The complete release of the MaNGA Stellar Library accompanies this data, providing observations of almost 30,000 stars through the MaNGA instrument during bright time. DR17 also contains the complete release of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 survey that publicly releases infrared spectra of over 650,000 stars. The main sample from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), as well as the subsurvey Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey data were fully released in DR16. New single-fiber optical spectroscopy released in DR17 is from the SPectroscipic IDentification of ERosita Survey subsurvey and the eBOSS-RM program. Along with the primary data sets, DR17 includes 25 new or updated value-added catalogs. This paper concludes the release of SDSS-IV survey data. SDSS continues into its fifth phase with observations already underway for the Milky Way Mapper, Local Volume Mapper, and Black Hole Mapper surveys.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. The Seventeenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys : Complete Release of MaNGA, MaStar, and APOGEE-2 Data

Author: Abdurro'uf, Accetta, Katherine, Aerts, Conny, Aguirre, Victor Silva, Ahumada, Romina, Ajgaonkar, Nikhil, Ak, N. Filiz, Alam, Shadab, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Almeida, Andres, Anders, Friedrich, Anderson, Scott F., Andrews, Brett H., Anguiano, Borja, Aquino-Ortiz, Erik, Aragon-Salamanca, Alfonso, Argudo-Fernandez, Maria, Ata, Metin, Aubert, Marie, Avila-Reese, Vladimir, Badenes, Carles, Barba, Rodolfo H., Barger, Kat, Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K., Beaton, Rachael L., Beers, Timothy C., Belfiore, Francesco, Bender, Chad F., Bernardi, Mariangela, Bershady, Matthew A., Beutler, Florian, Bidin, Christian Moni, Bird, Jonathan C., Bizyaev, Dmitry, Blanc, Guillermo A., Blanton, Michael R., Boardman, Nicholas Fraser, Bolton, Adam S., Boquien, Mederic, Borissova, Jura, Bovy, Jo, Brandt, W. N., Brown, Jordan, Brownstein, Joel R., Brusa, Marcella, Buchner, Johannes, Bundy, Kevin, Burchett, Joseph N., Bureau, Martin, Burgasser, Adam, Cabang, Tuesday K., Campbell, Stephanie, Cappellari, Michele, Carlberg, Joleen K., Wanderley, Fabio Carneiro, Carrera, Ricardo, Cash, Jennifer, Chen, Yan-Ping, Chen, Wei-Huai, Cherinka, Brian, Chiappini, Cristina, Choi, Peter Doohyun, Chojnowski, S. Drew, Chung, Haeun, Clerc, Nicolas, Cohen, Roger E., Comerford, Julia M., Comparat, Johan, da Costa, Luiz, Covey, Kevin, Crane, Jeffrey D., Cruz-Gonzalez, Irene, Culhane, Connor, Cunha, Katia, Dai, Y. Sophia, Damke, Guillermo, Darling, Jeremy, Davidson, James W., Jr., Davies, Roger, Dawson, Kyle, De Lee, Nathan, Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M., Cano-Diaz, Mariana, Sanchez, Helena Dominguez, Donor, John, Duckworth, Chris, Dwelly, Tom, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elsworth, Yvonne P., Emsellem, Eric, Eracleous, Mike, Escoffier, Stephanie, Fan, Xiaohui, Farr, Emily, Feng, Shuai, Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G., Feuillet, Diane, Filipp, Andreas, Fillingham, Sean P., Frinchaboy, Peter M., Fromenteau, Sebastien, Galbany, Lluis, Garcia, Rafael A., Garcia-Hernandez, D. A., Ge, Junqiang, Geisler, Doug, Gelfand, Joseph, Geron, Tobias, Gibson, Benjamin J., Goddy, Julian, Godoy-Rivera, Diego, Grabowski, Kathleen, Green, Paul J., Greener, Michael, Grier, Catherine J., Griffith, Emily, Guo, Hong, Guy, Julien, Hadjara, Massinissa, Harding, Paul, Hasselquist, Sten, Hayes, Christian R., Hearty, Fred, Hill, Lewis, Hogg, David W., Holtzman, Jon A., Horta, Danny, Hsieh, Bau-Ching, Hsu, Chin-Hao, Hsu, Yun-Hsin, Huber, Daniel, Huertas-Company, Marc, Hutchinson, Brian, Hwang, Ho Seong, Ibarra-Medel, Hector J., Chitham, Jacob Ider, Ilha, Gabriele S., Imig, Julie, Jaekle, Will, Jayasinghe, Tharindu, Ji, Xihan, Johnson, Jennifer A., Jones, Amy, Jönsson, Henrik, Katkov, Ivan, Khalatyan, Arman, Kinemuchi, Karen, Kisku, Shobhit, Knapen, Johan H., Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kollmeier, Juna A., Kong, Miranda, Kounkel, Marina, Kreckel, Kathryn, Krishnarao, Dhanesh, Lacerna, Ivan, Lane, Richard R., Langgin, Rachel, Lavender, Ramon, Law, David R., Lazarz, Daniel, Leung, Henry W., Leung, Ho-Hin, Lewis, Hannah M., Li, Cheng, Li, Ran, Lian, Jianhui, Liang, Fu-Heng, Lin, Lihwai, Lin, Yen-Ting, Lin, Sicheng, Lintott, Chris, Long, Dan, Longa-Pena, Penelope, Lopez-Coba, Carlos, Lu, Shengdong, Lundgren, Britt F., Luo, Yuanze, Mackereth, J. Ted, de la Macorra, Axel, Mahadevan, Suvrath, Majewski, Steven R., Manchado, Arturo, Mandeville, Travis, Maraston, Claudia, Margalef-Bentabol, Berta, Masseron, Thomas, Masters, Karen L., Mathur, Savita, McDermid, Richard M., Mckay, Myles, Merloni, Andrea, Merrifield, Michael, Meszaros, Szabolcs, Miglio, Andrea, Di Mille, Francesco, Minniti, Dante, Minsley, Rebecca, Monachesi, Antonela, Moon, Jeongin, Mosser, Benoit, Mulchaey, John, Muna, Demitri, Munoz, Ricardo R., Myers, Adam D., Myers, Natalie, Nadathur, Seshadri, Nair, Preethi, Nandra, Kirpal, Neumann, Justus, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nidever, David L., Nikakhtar, Farnik, Nitschelm, Christian, O'Connell, Julia E., Garma-Oehmichen, Luis, de Oliveira, Gabriel Luan Souza, Olney, Richard, Oravetz, Daniel, Ortigoza-Urdaneta, Mario, Osorio, Yeisson, Otter, Justin, Pace, Zachary J., Padilla, Nelson, Pan, Kaike, Pan, Hsi-An, Parikh, Taniya, Parker, James, Peirani, Sebastien, Ramirez, Karla Pena, Penny, Samantha, Percival, Will J., Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Pinsonneault, Marc, Poidevin, Frederick, Poovelil, Vijith Jacob, Price-Whelan, Adrian M., Queiroz, Anna Barbara de Andrade, Raddick, M. Jordan, Ray, Amy, Rembold, Sandro Barboza, Riddle, Nicole, Riffel, Rogemar A., Riffel, Rogerio, Rix, Hans-Walter, Robin, Annie C., Rodriguez-Puebla, Aldo, Roman-Lopes, Alexandre, Roman-Zuniga, Carlos, Rose, Benjamin, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Rubin, Kate H. R., Salvato, Mara, Sanchez, Sebastian F., Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R., Sanderson, Robyn, Rojas, Felipe Antonio Santana, Sarceno, Edgar, Sarmiento, Regina, Sayres, Conor, Sazonova, Elizaveta, Schaefer, Adam L., Schiavon, Ricardo, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Donald P., Schultheis, Mathias, Schwope, Axel, Serenelli, Aldo, Serna, Javier, Shao, Zhengyi, Shapiro, Griffin, Sharma, Anubhav, Shen, Yue, Shetrone, Matthew, Shu, Yiping, Simon, Joshua D., Skrutskie, M. F., Smethurst, Rebecca, Smith, Verne, Sobeck, Jennifer, Spoo, Taylor, Sprague, Dani, Stark, David, V, Stassun, Keivan G., Steinmetz, Matthias, Stello, Dennis, Stone-Martinez, Alexander, Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa, Stringfellow, Guy S., Stutz, Amelia, Su, Yung-Chau, Taghizadeh-Popp, Manuchehr, Talbot, Michael S., Tayar, Jamie, Telles, Eduardo, Teske, Johanna, Thakar, Ani, Theissen, Christopher, Tkachenko, Andrew, Thomas, Daniel, Tojeiro, Rita, Toledo, Hector Hernandez, Troup, Nicholas W., Trump, Jonathan R., Trussler, James, Turner, Jacqueline, Tuttle, Sarah, Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo, Vazquez-Mata, Jose Antonio, Valentini, Marica, Valenzuela, Octavio, Vargas-Gonzalez, Jaime, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Alfaro, Pablo Vera, Villanova, Sandro, Vincenzo, Fiorenzo, Wake, David, Warfield, Jack T., Washington, Jessica Diane, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, Weijmans, Anne-Marie, Weinberg, David H., Weiss, Achim, Westfall, Kyle B., Wild, Vivienne, Wilde, Matthew C., Wilson, John C., Wilson, Robert F., Wilson, Mikayla, Wolf, Julien, Wood-Vasey, W. M., Yan, Renbin, Zamora, Olga, Zasowski, Gail, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Cheng, Zheng, Zheng, Zhu, Kai, Abdurro'uf, Accetta, Katherine, Aerts, Conny, Aguirre, Victor Silva, Ahumada, Romina, Ajgaonkar, Nikhil, Ak, N. Filiz, Alam, Shadab, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Almeida, Andres, Anders, Friedrich, Anderson, Scott F., Andrews, Brett H., Anguiano, Borja, Aquino-Ortiz, Erik, Aragon-Salamanca, Alfonso, Argudo-Fernandez, Maria, Ata, Metin, Aubert, Marie, Avila-Reese, Vladimir, Badenes, Carles, Barba, Rodolfo H., Barger, Kat, Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K., Beaton, Rachael L., Beers, Timothy C., Belfiore, Francesco, Bender, Chad F., Bernardi, Mariangela, Bershady, Matthew A., Beutler, Florian, Bidin, Christian Moni, Bird, Jonathan C., Bizyaev, Dmitry, Blanc, Guillermo A., Blanton, Michael R., Boardman, Nicholas Fraser, Bolton, Adam S., Boquien, Mederic, Borissova, Jura, Bovy, Jo, Brandt, W. N., Brown, Jordan, Brownstein, Joel R., Brusa, Marcella, Buchner, Johannes, Bundy, Kevin, Burchett, Joseph N., Bureau, Martin, Burgasser, Adam, Cabang, Tuesday K., Campbell, Stephanie, Cappellari, Michele, Carlberg, Joleen K., Wanderley, Fabio Carneiro, Carrera, Ricardo, Cash, Jennifer, Chen, Yan-Ping, Chen, Wei-Huai, Cherinka, Brian, Chiappini, Cristina, Choi, Peter Doohyun, Chojnowski, S. Drew, Chung, Haeun, Clerc, Nicolas, Cohen, Roger E., Comerford, Julia M., Comparat, Johan, da Costa, Luiz, Covey, Kevin, Crane, Jeffrey D., Cruz-Gonzalez, Irene, Culhane, Connor, Cunha, Katia, Dai, Y. Sophia, Damke, Guillermo, Darling, Jeremy, Davidson, James W., Jr., Davies, Roger, Dawson, Kyle, De Lee, Nathan, Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M., Cano-Diaz, Mariana, Sanchez, Helena Dominguez, Donor, John, Duckworth, Chris, Dwelly, Tom, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elsworth, Yvonne P., Emsellem, Eric, Eracleous, Mike, Escoffier, Stephanie, Fan, Xiaohui, Farr, Emily, Feng, Shuai, Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G., Feuillet, Diane, Filipp, Andreas, Fillingham, Sean P., Frinchaboy, Peter M., Fromenteau, Sebastien, Galbany, Lluis, Garcia, Rafael A., Garcia-Hernandez, D. A., Ge, Junqiang, Geisler, Doug, Gelfand, Joseph, Geron, Tobias, Gibson, Benjamin J., Goddy, Julian, Godoy-Rivera, Diego, Grabowski, Kathleen, Green, Paul J., Greener, Michael, Grier, Catherine J., Griffith, Emily, Guo, Hong, Guy, Julien, Hadjara, Massinissa, Harding, Paul, Hasselquist, Sten, Hayes, Christian R., Hearty, Fred, Hill, Lewis, Hogg, David W., Holtzman, Jon A., Horta, Danny, Hsieh, Bau-Ching, Hsu, Chin-Hao, Hsu, Yun-Hsin, Huber, Daniel, Huertas-Company, Marc, Hutchinson, Brian, Hwang, Ho Seong, Ibarra-Medel, Hector J., Chitham, Jacob Ider, Ilha, Gabriele S., Imig, Julie, Jaekle, Will, Jayasinghe, Tharindu, Ji, Xihan, Johnson, Jennifer A., Jones, Amy, Jönsson, Henrik, Katkov, Ivan, Khalatyan, Arman, Kinemuchi, Karen, Kisku, Shobhit, Knapen, Johan H., Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kollmeier, Juna A., Kong, Miranda, Kounkel, Marina, Kreckel, Kathryn, Krishnarao, Dhanesh, Lacerna, Ivan, Lane, Richard R., Langgin, Rachel, Lavender, Ramon, Law, David R., Lazarz, Daniel, Leung, Henry W., Leung, Ho-Hin, Lewis, Hannah M., Li, Cheng, Li, Ran, Lian, Jianhui, Liang, Fu-Heng, Lin, Lihwai, Lin, Yen-Ting, Lin, Sicheng, Lintott, Chris, Long, Dan, Longa-Pena, Penelope, Lopez-Coba, Carlos, Lu, Shengdong, Lundgren, Britt F., Luo, Yuanze, Mackereth, J. Ted, de la Macorra, Axel, Mahadevan, Suvrath, Majewski, Steven R., Manchado, Arturo, Mandeville, Travis, Maraston, Claudia, Margalef-Bentabol, Berta, Masseron, Thomas, Masters, Karen L., Mathur, Savita, McDermid, Richard M., Mckay, Myles, Merloni, Andrea, Merrifield, Michael, Meszaros, Szabolcs, Miglio, Andrea, Di Mille, Francesco, Minniti, Dante, Minsley, Rebecca, Monachesi, Antonela, Moon, Jeongin, Mosser, Benoit, Mulchaey, John, Muna, Demitri, Munoz, Ricardo R., Myers, Adam D., Myers, Natalie, Nadathur, Seshadri, Nair, Preethi, Nandra, Kirpal, Neumann, Justus, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nidever, David L., Nikakhtar, Farnik, Nitschelm, Christian, O'Connell, Julia E., Garma-Oehmichen, Luis, de Oliveira, Gabriel Luan Souza, Olney, Richard, Oravetz, Daniel, Ortigoza-Urdaneta, Mario, Osorio, Yeisson, Otter, Justin, Pace, Zachary J., Padilla, Nelson, Pan, Kaike, Pan, Hsi-An, Parikh, Taniya, Parker, James, Peirani, Sebastien, Ramirez, Karla Pena, Penny, Samantha, Percival, Will J., Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Pinsonneault, Marc, Poidevin, Frederick, Poovelil, Vijith Jacob, Price-Whelan, Adrian M., Queiroz, Anna Barbara de Andrade, Raddick, M. Jordan, Ray, Amy, Rembold, Sandro Barboza, Riddle, Nicole, Riffel, Rogemar A., Riffel, Rogerio, Rix, Hans-Walter, Robin, Annie C., Rodriguez-Puebla, Aldo, Roman-Lopes, Alexandre, Roman-Zuniga, Carlos, Rose, Benjamin, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Rubin, Kate H. R., Salvato, Mara, Sanchez, Sebastian F., Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R., Sanderson, Robyn, Rojas, Felipe Antonio Santana, Sarceno, Edgar, Sarmiento, Regina, Sayres, Conor, Sazonova, Elizaveta, Schaefer, Adam L., Schiavon, Ricardo, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Donald P., Schultheis, Mathias, Schwope, Axel, Serenelli, Aldo, Serna, Javier, Shao, Zhengyi, Shapiro, Griffin, Sharma, Anubhav, Shen, Yue, Shetrone, Matthew, Shu, Yiping, Simon, Joshua D., Skrutskie, M. F., Smethurst, Rebecca, Smith, Verne, Sobeck, Jennifer, Spoo, Taylor, Sprague, Dani, Stark, David, V, Stassun, Keivan G., Steinmetz, Matthias, Stello, Dennis, Stone-Martinez, Alexander, Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa, Stringfellow, Guy S., Stutz, Amelia, Su, Yung-Chau, Taghizadeh-Popp, Manuchehr, Talbot, Michael S., Tayar, Jamie, Telles, Eduardo, Teske, Johanna, Thakar, Ani, Theissen, Christopher, Tkachenko, Andrew, Thomas, Daniel, Tojeiro, Rita, Toledo, Hector Hernandez, Troup, Nicholas W., Trump, Jonathan R., Trussler, James, Turner, Jacqueline, Tuttle, Sarah, Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo, Vazquez-Mata, Jose Antonio, Valentini, Marica, Valenzuela, Octavio, Vargas-Gonzalez, Jaime, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Alfaro, Pablo Vera, Villanova, Sandro, Vincenzo, Fiorenzo, Wake, David, Warfield, Jack T., Washington, Jessica Diane, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, Weijmans, Anne-Marie, Weinberg, David H., Weiss, Achim, Westfall, Kyle B., Wild, Vivienne, Wilde, Matthew C., Wilson, John C., Wilson, Robert F., Wilson, Mikayla, Wolf, Julien, Wood-Vasey, W. M., Yan, Renbin, Zamora, Olga, Zasowski, Gail, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Cheng, Zheng, Zheng, and Zhu, Kai
Abstract: This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fifth and final release from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). DR17 contains the complete release of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, which reached its goal of surveying over 10,000 nearby galaxies. The complete release of the MaNGA Stellar Library accompanies this data, providing observations of almost 30,000 stars through the MaNGA instrument during bright time. DR17 also contains the complete release of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 survey that publicly releases infrared spectra of over 650,000 stars. The main sample from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), as well as the subsurvey Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey data were fully released in DR16. New single-fiber optical spectroscopy released in DR17 is from the SPectroscipic IDentification of ERosita Survey subsurvey and the eBOSS-RM program. Along with the primary data sets, DR17 includes 25 new or updated value-added catalogs. This paper concludes the release of SDSS-IV survey data. SDSS continues into its fifth phase with observations already underway for the Milky Way Mapper, Local Volume Mapper, and Black Hole Mapper surveys.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Systematic errors on optical-SED stellar-mass estimates for galaxies across cosmic time and their impact on cosmology

Author: Paulino-Afonso, Ana, Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Galbany, Lluis, Mourao, Ana Maria, Angus, Charlotte R., Smith, Mathew, Anderson, Joseph P., Lyman, Joseph D., Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo, Rodrigues, Myriam, Paulino-Afonso, Ana, Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Galbany, Lluis, Mourao, Ana Maria, Angus, Charlotte R., Smith, Mathew, Anderson, Joseph P., Lyman, Joseph D., Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo, and Rodrigues, Myriam
Abstract: Studying galaxies at different cosmic epochs entails several observational effects that need to be taken into account to compare populations across a large time-span in a consistent manner. We use a sample of 166 nearby galaxies that hosted type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and have been observed with the integral field spectrograph MUSE as part of the AMUSING survey. Here, we present a study of the systematic errors and bias on the host stellar mass with increasing redshift, which are generally overlooked in SNe Ia cosmological analyses. We simulate observations at different redshifts (0.1 < z < 2.0) using four photometric bands (griz, similar to the Dark Energy Survey-SN program) to then estimate the host galaxy properties across cosmic time. We find that stellar masses are systematically underestimated as we move towards higher redshifts, due mostly to different rest-frame wavelength coverage, with differences reaching 0.3 dex at z similar to 1. We used the newly derived corrections as a function of redshift to correct the stellar masses of a known sample of SN Ia hosts and derive cosmological parameters. We show that these corrections have a small impact on the derived cosmological parameters. The most affected is the value of the mass step Delta(M), which is reduced by similar to 0.004 (6% lower). The dark energy equation of state parameter w changes by Delta w similar to 0.006 (0.6% higher) and the value of Omega(m) increases at most by 0.001 (similar to 0.3%), all within the derived uncertainties of the model. While the systematic error found in the estimate of the host stellar mass does not significantly affect the derived cosmological parameters, it is an important source of systematic error that needs to be corrected for as we enter a new era of precision cosmology.
Published: 2022

18. The Birth of a Relativistic Jet Following the Disruption of a Star by a Cosmological Black Hole

Author: Pasham, Dheeraj R., Lucchini, Matteo, Laskar, Tanmoy, Gompertz, Benjamin P., Srivastav, Shubham, Nicholl, Matt, Smartt, Stephen J., Miller-Jones, James C. A., Alexander, Kate D., Fender, Rob, Smith, Graham P., Fulton, Michael D., Dewangan, Gulab, Gendreau, Keith, Coughlin, Eric R., Rhodes, Lauren, Horesh, Assaf, van Velzen, Sjoert, Sfaradi, Itai, Guolo, Muryel, Segura, N. Castro, Aamer, Aysha, Anderson, Joseph P., Arcavi, Iair, Brennan, Sean J., Chambers, Kenneth, Charalampopoulos, Panos, Chen, Ting-Wan, Clocchiatti, A., de Boer, Thomas, Dennefeld, Michel, Ferrara, Elizabeth, Galbany, Lluis, Gao, Hua, Gillanders, James H., Goodwin, Adelle, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Huber, M, Jonker, Peter G., Joshi, Manasvita, Kara, Erin, Killestein, Thomas L., Kosec, Peter, Kocevski, Daniel, Leloudas, Giorgos, Lin, Chien-Cheng, Margutti, Raffaella, Mattila, Seppo, Moore, Thomas, Muller-Bravo, Tomas, Ngeow, Chow-Choong, Oates, Samantha, Onori, Francesca, Pan, Yen-Chen, Perez-Torres, Miguel, Rani, Priyanka, Remillard, Ronald, Ridley, Evan J., Schulze, Steve, Sheng, Xinyue, Shingles, Luke, Smith, Ken W., Steiner, James, Wainscoat, Richard, Wevers, Thomas, Yang, Sheng, Pasham, Dheeraj R., Lucchini, Matteo, Laskar, Tanmoy, Gompertz, Benjamin P., Srivastav, Shubham, Nicholl, Matt, Smartt, Stephen J., Miller-Jones, James C. A., Alexander, Kate D., Fender, Rob, Smith, Graham P., Fulton, Michael D., Dewangan, Gulab, Gendreau, Keith, Coughlin, Eric R., Rhodes, Lauren, Horesh, Assaf, van Velzen, Sjoert, Sfaradi, Itai, Guolo, Muryel, Segura, N. Castro, Aamer, Aysha, Anderson, Joseph P., Arcavi, Iair, Brennan, Sean J., Chambers, Kenneth, Charalampopoulos, Panos, Chen, Ting-Wan, Clocchiatti, A., de Boer, Thomas, Dennefeld, Michel, Ferrara, Elizabeth, Galbany, Lluis, Gao, Hua, Gillanders, James H., Goodwin, Adelle, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Huber, M, Jonker, Peter G., Joshi, Manasvita, Kara, Erin, Killestein, Thomas L., Kosec, Peter, Kocevski, Daniel, Leloudas, Giorgos, Lin, Chien-Cheng, Margutti, Raffaella, Mattila, Seppo, Moore, Thomas, Muller-Bravo, Tomas, Ngeow, Chow-Choong, Oates, Samantha, Onori, Francesca, Pan, Yen-Chen, Perez-Torres, Miguel, Rani, Priyanka, Remillard, Ronald, Ridley, Evan J., Schulze, Steve, Sheng, Xinyue, Shingles, Luke, Smith, Ken W., Steiner, James, Wainscoat, Richard, Wevers, Thomas, and Yang, Sheng
Abstract: A black hole can launch a powerful relativistic jet after it tidally disrupts a star. If this jet fortuitously aligns with our line of sight, the overall brightness is Doppler boosted by several orders of magnitude. Consequently, such on-axis relativistic tidal disruption events (TDEs) have the potential to unveil cosmological (redshift $z>$1) quiescent black holes and are ideal test beds to understand the radiative mechanisms operating in super-Eddington jets. Here, we present multi-wavelength (X-ray, UV, optical, and radio) observations of the optically discovered transient \target at $z=1.193$. Its unusual X-ray properties, including a peak observed luminosity of $\gtrsim$10$^{48}$ erg s$^{-1}$, systematic variability on timescales as short as 1000 seconds, and overall duration lasting more than 30 days in the rest-frame are traits associated with relativistic TDEs. The X-ray to radio spectral energy distributions spanning 5-50 days after discovery can be explained as synchrotron emission from a relativistic jet (radio), synchrotron self-Compton (X-rays), and thermal emission similar to that seen in low-redshift TDEs (UV/optical). Our modeling implies a beamed, highly relativistic jet akin to blazars but requires extreme matter-domination, i.e, high ratio of electron-to-magnetic field energy densities in the jet, and challenges our theoretical understanding of jets., Comment: To appear in Nature Astronomy on 30th November 2022. Also see here for an animation explaining the result: https://youtu.be/MQHdSbxuznY
Published: 2022
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19. SN 2019ewu: A Peculiar Supernova with Early Strong Carbon and Weak Oxygen Features from a New Sample of Young SN Ic Spectra

Author: Williamson, Marc, Vogl, Christian, Modjaz, Maryam, Kerzendorf, Wolfgang, Singhal, Jaladh, Boland, Teresa, Burke, Jamison, Chen, Zhihao, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Galbany, Lluis, Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla, Howell, D. Andrew, Jha, Saurabh W., Kwok, Lindsey A., McCully, Curtis, Newsome, Megan, Pellegrino, Craig, Rho, Jeonghee, Terreran, Giacomo, Wang, Xiaofeng, Williamson, Marc, Vogl, Christian, Modjaz, Maryam, Kerzendorf, Wolfgang, Singhal, Jaladh, Boland, Teresa, Burke, Jamison, Chen, Zhihao, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Galbany, Lluis, Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla, Howell, D. Andrew, Jha, Saurabh W., Kwok, Lindsey A., McCully, Curtis, Newsome, Megan, Pellegrino, Craig, Rho, Jeonghee, Terreran, Giacomo, and Wang, Xiaofeng
Abstract: With the advent of high cadence, all-sky automated surveys, supernovae (SNe) are now discovered closer than ever to their dates of explosion. However, young pre-maximum light follow-up spectra of Type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic), probably arising from the most stripped massive stars, remain rare despite their importance. In this paper we present a set of 49 optical spectra observed with the Las Cumbres Observatory through the Global Supernova Project for 6 SNe Ic, including a total of 17 pre-maximum spectra, of which 8 are observed more than a week before V-band maximum light. This dataset increases the total number of publicly available pre-maximum light SN Ic spectra by 25% and we provide publicly available SNID templates that will significantly aid in the fast identification of young SNe Ic in the future. We present detailed analysis of these spectra, including Fe II 5169 velocity measurements, O I 7774 line strengths, and continuum shapes. We compare our results to published samples of stripped supernovae in the literature and find one SN in our sample that stands out. SN 2019ewu has a unique combination of features for a SN Ic: an extremely blue continuum, high absorption velocities, a P-cygni shaped feature almost 2 weeks before maximum light that TARDIS radiative transfer modeling attributes to C II rather than H$\alpha$, and weak or non-existent O I 7774 absorption feature until maximum light., Comment: Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal. 15 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2022
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20. A JWST Near- and Mid-Infrared Nebular Spectrum of the Type Ia Supernova 2021aefx

Author: Kwok, Lindsey A., Jha, Saurabh W., Temim, Tea, Fox, Ori D., Larison, Conor, Camacho-Neves, Yssavo, Newman, Max J. Brenner, Pierel, Justin D. R., Foley, Ryan J., Andrews, Jennifer E., Badenes, Carles, Barna, Barnabas, Bostroem, K. Azalee, Deckers, Maxime, Flors, Andreas, Garnavich, Peter, Graham, Melissa L., Graur, Or, Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Howell, D. Andrew, Hughes, John P., Johansson, Joel, Kendrew, Sarah, Kerzendorf, Wolfgang E., Maeda, Keiichi, Maguire, Kate, McCully, Curtis, O'Brien, John T., Rest, Armin, Sand, David J., Shahbandeh, Melissa, Strolger, Louis-Gregory, Szalai, Tamas, Ashall, Chris, Baron, E., Burns, Chris R., DerKacy, James M., Evans, Tyco Mera, Fisher, Alec, Galbany, Lluis, Hoeflich, Peter, Hsiao, Eric, de Jaeger, Thomas, Karamehmetoglu, Emir, Krisciunas, Kevin, Kumar, Sahana, Lu, Jing, Maund, Justyn, Mazzali, Paolo A., Medler, Kyle, Morrell, Nidia, Phillips, Mark. M., Shappee, Benjamin J., Stritzinger, Maximilian, Suntzeff, Nicholas, Telesco, Charles, Tucker, Michael, Wang, Lifan, Kwok, Lindsey A., Jha, Saurabh W., Temim, Tea, Fox, Ori D., Larison, Conor, Camacho-Neves, Yssavo, Newman, Max J. Brenner, Pierel, Justin D. R., Foley, Ryan J., Andrews, Jennifer E., Badenes, Carles, Barna, Barnabas, Bostroem, K. Azalee, Deckers, Maxime, Flors, Andreas, Garnavich, Peter, Graham, Melissa L., Graur, Or, Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Howell, D. Andrew, Hughes, John P., Johansson, Joel, Kendrew, Sarah, Kerzendorf, Wolfgang E., Maeda, Keiichi, Maguire, Kate, McCully, Curtis, O'Brien, John T., Rest, Armin, Sand, David J., Shahbandeh, Melissa, Strolger, Louis-Gregory, Szalai, Tamas, Ashall, Chris, Baron, E., Burns, Chris R., DerKacy, James M., Evans, Tyco Mera, Fisher, Alec, Galbany, Lluis, Hoeflich, Peter, Hsiao, Eric, de Jaeger, Thomas, Karamehmetoglu, Emir, Krisciunas, Kevin, Kumar, Sahana, Lu, Jing, Maund, Justyn, Mazzali, Paolo A., Medler, Kyle, Morrell, Nidia, Phillips, Mark. M., Shappee, Benjamin J., Stritzinger, Maximilian, Suntzeff, Nicholas, Telesco, Charles, Tucker, Michael, and Wang, Lifan
Abstract: We present JWST near- and mid-infrared spectroscopic observations of the nearby normal Type Ia supernova SN 2021aefx in the nebular phase at $+255$ days past maximum light. Our Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) and Mid Infrared Instrument (MIRI) observations, combined with ground-based optical data from the South African Large Telescope (SALT), constitute the first complete optical $+$ NIR $+$ MIR nebular SN Ia spectrum covering 0.3$-$14 $\mu$m. This spectrum unveils the previously unobserved 2.5$-$5 $\mu$m region, revealing strong nebular iron and stable nickel emission, indicative of high-density burning that can constrain the progenitor mass. The data show a significant improvement in sensitivity and resolution compared to previous Spitzer MIR data. We identify numerous NIR and MIR nebular emission lines from iron-group elements and as well as lines from the intermediate-mass element argon. The argon lines extend to higher velocities than the iron-group elements, suggesting stratified ejecta that are a hallmark of delayed-detonation or double-detonation SN Ia models. We present fits to simple geometric line profiles to features beyond 1.2 $\mu$m and find that most lines are consistent with Gaussian or spherical emission distributions, while the [Ar III] 8.99 $\mu$m line has a distinctively flat-topped profile indicating a thick spherical shell of emission. Using our line profile fits, we investigate the emissivity structure of SN 2021aefx and measure kinematic properties. Continued observations of SN 2021aefx and other SNe Ia with JWST will be transformative to the study of SN Ia composition, ionization structure, density, and temperature, and will provide important constraints on SN Ia progenitor and explosion models., Comment: published in ApJ Letters, 17 pages, 12 figures
Published: 2022
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21. The Interaction of Supernova 2018evt with a Substantial Amount of Circumstellar Matter -- An SN1997cy-like Event

Author: Yang, Yi, Baade, Dietrich, Hoeflich, Peter, Wang, Lifan, Cikota, Aleksandar, Chen, Ting-Wan, Burke, Jamison, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Pellegrino, Craig, Howell, D. Andrew, McCully, Curtis, Valenti, Stefano, Schulze, Steve, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Wang, Lingzhi, Filippenko, Alexei V., Maeda, Keiichi, Bulla, Mattia, Yao, Yuhan, Maund, Justyn R., Patat, Ferdinando, Spyromilio, Jason, Wheeler, J. Craig, Rau, Arne, Hu, Lei, Li, Wenxiong, Andrews, Jennifer. E., Galbany, Lluis, Sand, David. J., Shahbandeh, Melissa, Hsiao, Eric Y., Wang, Xiaofeng, Yang, Yi, Baade, Dietrich, Hoeflich, Peter, Wang, Lifan, Cikota, Aleksandar, Chen, Ting-Wan, Burke, Jamison, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Pellegrino, Craig, Howell, D. Andrew, McCully, Curtis, Valenti, Stefano, Schulze, Steve, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Wang, Lingzhi, Filippenko, Alexei V., Maeda, Keiichi, Bulla, Mattia, Yao, Yuhan, Maund, Justyn R., Patat, Ferdinando, Spyromilio, Jason, Wheeler, J. Craig, Rau, Arne, Hu, Lei, Li, Wenxiong, Andrews, Jennifer. E., Galbany, Lluis, Sand, David. J., Shahbandeh, Melissa, Hsiao, Eric Y., and Wang, Xiaofeng
Abstract: A rare class of supernovae (SNe) is characterized by strong interaction between the ejecta and several solar masses of circumstellar matter (CSM) as evidenced by strong Balmer-line emission. Within the first few weeks after the explosion, they may display spectral features similar to overluminous Type Ia SNe, while at later phase their observation properties exhibit remarkable similarities with some extreme case of Type IIn SNe that show strong Balmer lines years after the explosion. We present polarimetric observations of SN2018evt obtained by the ESO Very Large Telescope from 172 to 219 days after the estimated time of peak luminosity to study the geometry of the CSM. The nonzero continuum polarization decreases over time, suggesting that the mass loss of the progenitor star is aspherical. The prominent H$\alpha$ emission can be decomposed into a broad, time-evolving component and an intermediate-width, static component. The former shows polarized signals, and it is likely to arise from a cold dense shell (CDS) within the region between the forward and reverse shocks. The latter is significantly unpolarized, and it is likely to arise from shocked, fragmented gas clouds in the H-rich CSM. We infer that SN2018evt exploded inside a massive and aspherical circumstellar cloud. The symmetry axes of the CSM and the SN appear to be similar. SN\,2018evt shows observational properties common to events that display strong interaction between the ejecta and CSM, implying that they share similar circumstellar configurations. Our preliminary estimate also suggests that the circumstellar environment of SN2018evt has been significantly enriched at a rate of $\sim0.1$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$ over a period of $>100$ yr., Comment: 29 pages, 20 figures, 10 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2022
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22. Near-infrared and Optical Nebular-phase Spectra of Type Ia Supernovae SN 2013aa and SN 2017cbv in NGC 5643

Author: Kumar, Sahana, Hsiao, Eric Y., Ashall, Chris, Phillips, Mark M., Morrell, Nidia, Hoeflich, Peter, Burns, Chris R., Galbany, Lluis, Baron, Eddie, Contreras, Carlos, Davis, Scott, Diamond, Tiara, Forster, Francisco, Graham, Melissa L., Karamehmetoglu, Emir, Kirshner, Robert P., Koribalski, Baerbel, Krisciunas, Kevin, Lu, Jing, Marion, G. H., Pessi, Priscila J., Piro, Anthony L., Shahbandeh, Melissa, Stritzinger, Maximillian D, Suntzeff, Nicholas B., Uddin, Syed A., Kumar, Sahana, Hsiao, Eric Y., Ashall, Chris, Phillips, Mark M., Morrell, Nidia, Hoeflich, Peter, Burns, Chris R., Galbany, Lluis, Baron, Eddie, Contreras, Carlos, Davis, Scott, Diamond, Tiara, Forster, Francisco, Graham, Melissa L., Karamehmetoglu, Emir, Kirshner, Robert P., Koribalski, Baerbel, Krisciunas, Kevin, Lu, Jing, Marion, G. H., Pessi, Priscila J., Piro, Anthony L., Shahbandeh, Melissa, Stritzinger, Maximillian D, Suntzeff, Nicholas B., and Uddin, Syed A.
Abstract: We present multi-wavelength time-series spectroscopy of SN 2013aa and SN 2017cbv, two Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) on the outskirts of the same host galaxy, NGC 5643. This work utilizes new nebular-phase near-infrared (NIR) spectra obtained by the Carnegie Supernova Project-II, in addition to previously published optical and NIR spectra. By measuring nebular-phase [Fe II] lines in both the optical and NIR, we examine the explosion kinematics and test the efficacy of several emission line fitting techniques commonly used in the literature. The NIR [Fe II] 1.644 $\mu$m line provides the most robust velocity measurements against variations due to the choice of the fit method and line blending. The resulting effects on velocity measurements due to choosing different fit methods, initial fit parameters, continuum and line profile functions, and fit region boundaries were also investigated. The NIR [Fe II] velocities yield the same radial shift direction as velocities measured using the optical [Fe II] 7155 A line, but the sizes of the shifts are consistently and substantially lower, pointing to a potential issue in optical studies. The NIR [Fe II] 1.644 $\mu$m emission profile shows a lack of significant asymmetry in both SNe Ia, and the observed low velocities elevate the importance for correcting for any radial velocity contribution from the host galaxy's rotation. The low [Fe II] velocities measured in the NIR at nebular phases disfavors most progenitor scenarios in close double-degenerate systems for both SN 2013aa and SN 2017cbv. The time evolution of the NIR [Fe II] 1.644 $\mu$m line also indicates moderately high progenitor white dwarf central density and potentially high magnetic fields. These sibling SNe Ia were well observed at both early and late times, providing an excellent opportunity to study the intrinsic diversity of SNe Ia., Comment: submitted to ApJ on Oct 4, 2022 accepted for publication on Dec 19, 2022
Published: 2022
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23. A possible surviving companion of the SN Ia in the Galactic SNR G272.2-3.2

Author: Ruiz-Lapuente, Pilar, Hernández, Jonay I. González, Cartier, Régis, Boutsia, Konstantina, Figueras, Francesca, Canal, Ramon, Galbany, Lluis, Ruiz-Lapuente, Pilar, Hernández, Jonay I. González, Cartier, Régis, Boutsia, Konstantina, Figueras, Francesca, Canal, Ramon, and Galbany, Lluis
Abstract: We use the {\it Gaia} EDR3 to explore the Galactic supernova remnant SNR G272.2-3.2, produced by the explosion of a Type Ia supernova (SNIa), about 7,500 years ago, to search for a surviving companion. From the abundances in the SNR ejecta, G272.2-3.2 is a normal SN Ia. The {\it Gaia} parallaxes allow to select the stars located within the estimated distance range of the SNR, and the {\it Gaia} proper motions to study their kinematics. From the {\it Gaia} EDR3 photometry, we construct the HR diagram of the selected sample, which we compare with the theoretical predictions for the evolution of possible star companions of SNIa. We can discard several proposed types of companions by combining kinematics and photometry. We can also discard hypervelocity stars. We focus our study on the kinematically most peculiar star, {\it Gaia} EDR3 5323900215411075328 (hereafter MV-G272), a 8.9 $\sigma$ outlier in proper motion. It is of M1-M2 stellar type. Its trajectory on the sky locates it at the center of the SNR, 6,000--8,000 years ago, a unique characteristic among the the sample. Spectra allow a stellar parameters determination and a chemical abundance analysis. In conclusion, we have a candidate to be the surviving companion of the SN Ia that resulted in SNR G272.2-3.2. It is supported by its kinematical characteristics and its trajectory within the SNR. This opens the possibility of a single-degenerate scenario for a SN Ia with an M-type dwarf companion., Comment: 35 pages, 19 Figures, 5 Tables, published as ApJ 947, 90R
Published: 2022
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24. Infant-phase reddening by surface Fe-peak elements in a normal Type Ia Supernova

Author: Ni, Yuan Qi, Moon, Dae-Sik, Drout, Maria R., Polin, Abigail, Sand, David J., Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Kim, Sang Chul, Lee, Youngdae, Park, Hong Soo, Howell, D. Andrew, Nugent, Peter E., Piro, Anthony L., Brown, Peter J., Galbany, Lluis, Burke, Jamison, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Valenti, Stefano, Afsariardchi, Niloufar, Andrews, Jennifer E., Antoniadis, John, Arcavi, Iair, Beaton, Rachael L., Bostroem, K. Azalee, Carlberg, Raymond G., Cenko, S. Bradley, Cha, Sang-Mok, Dong, Yize, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Haislip, Joshua, Holoien, Thomas W. -S., Johnson, Sean D., Kouprianov, Vladimir, Lee, Yongseok, Matzner, Christopher D., Morrell, Nidia, McCully, Curtis, Pignata, Giuliano, Reichart, Daniel E., Rich, Jeffrey, Ryder, Stuart D., Smith, Nathan, Wyatt, Samuel, Yang, Sheng, Ni, Yuan Qi, Moon, Dae-Sik, Drout, Maria R., Polin, Abigail, Sand, David J., Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Kim, Sang Chul, Lee, Youngdae, Park, Hong Soo, Howell, D. Andrew, Nugent, Peter E., Piro, Anthony L., Brown, Peter J., Galbany, Lluis, Burke, Jamison, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Valenti, Stefano, Afsariardchi, Niloufar, Andrews, Jennifer E., Antoniadis, John, Arcavi, Iair, Beaton, Rachael L., Bostroem, K. Azalee, Carlberg, Raymond G., Cenko, S. Bradley, Cha, Sang-Mok, Dong, Yize, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Haislip, Joshua, Holoien, Thomas W. -S., Johnson, Sean D., Kouprianov, Vladimir, Lee, Yongseok, Matzner, Christopher D., Morrell, Nidia, McCully, Curtis, Pignata, Giuliano, Reichart, Daniel E., Rich, Jeffrey, Ryder, Stuart D., Smith, Nathan, Wyatt, Samuel, and Yang, Sheng
Abstract: Type Ia Supernovae are thermonuclear explosions of white dwarf stars. They play a central role in the chemical evolution of the Universe and are an important measure of cosmological distances. However, outstanding questions remain about their origins. Despite extensive efforts to obtain natal information from their earliest signals, observations have thus far failed to identify how the majority of them explode. Here, we present infant-phase detections of SN 2018aoz from a brightness of -10.5 absolute AB magnitudes -- the lowest luminosity early Type Ia signals ever detected -- revealing a hitherto unseen plateau in the $B$-band that results in a rapid redward color evolution between 1.0 and 12.4 hours after the estimated epoch of first light. The missing $B$-band flux is best-explained by line-blanket absorption from Fe-peak elements in the outer 1% of the ejected mass. The observed $B-V$ color evolution of the SN also matches the prediction from an over-density of Fe-peak elements in the same outer 1% of the ejected mass, whereas bluer colors are expected from a purely monotonic distribution of Fe-peak elements. The presence of excess nucleosynthetic material in the extreme outer layers of the ejecta points to enhanced surface nuclear burning or extended sub-sonic mixing processes in some normal Type Ia Supernova explosions., Comment: Accepted for publication in Nature Astronomy. Main text = 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; Full document = 46 pages, with Methods, Supplementary Information, 7 Supplementary figures, 2 Supplementary tables and references. Nat Astron (2022)
Published: 2022
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25. Systematic errors on optical-SED stellar-mass estimates for galaxies across cosmic time and their impact on cosmology

Author: Paulino-Afonso, Ana, Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Galbany, Lluis, Mourao, Ana Maria, Angus, Charlotte R., Smith, Mathew, Anderson, Joseph P., Lyman, Joseph D., Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo, Rodrigues, Myriam, Paulino-Afonso, Ana, Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Galbany, Lluis, Mourao, Ana Maria, Angus, Charlotte R., Smith, Mathew, Anderson, Joseph P., Lyman, Joseph D., Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo, and Rodrigues, Myriam
Abstract: Studying galaxies at different cosmic epochs entails several observational effects that need to be taken into account to compare populations across a large time-span in a consistent manner. We use a sample of 166 nearby galaxies that hosted type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and have been observed with the integral field spectrograph MUSE as part of the AMUSING survey. Here, we present a study of the systematic errors and bias on the host stellar mass with increasing redshift, which are generally overlooked in SNe Ia cosmological analyses. We simulate observations at different redshifts (0.1 < z < 2.0) using four photometric bands (griz, similar to the Dark Energy Survey-SN program) to then estimate the host galaxy properties across cosmic time. We find that stellar masses are systematically underestimated as we move towards higher redshifts, due mostly to different rest-frame wavelength coverage, with differences reaching 0.3 dex at z similar to 1. We used the newly derived corrections as a function of redshift to correct the stellar masses of a known sample of SN Ia hosts and derive cosmological parameters. We show that these corrections have a small impact on the derived cosmological parameters. The most affected is the value of the mass step Delta(M), which is reduced by similar to 0.004 (6% lower). The dark energy equation of state parameter w changes by Delta w similar to 0.006 (0.6% higher) and the value of Omega(m) increases at most by 0.001 (similar to 0.3%), all within the derived uncertainties of the model. While the systematic error found in the estimate of the host stellar mass does not significantly affect the derived cosmological parameters, it is an important source of systematic error that needs to be corrected for as we enter a new era of precision cosmology.
Published: 2022

26. SN 2019hcc: a Type II supernova displaying early O ii lines

Author: Parrag, Eleonora, Inserra, Cosimo, Schulze, Steve, Anderson, Joseph, Chen, Ting-Wan, Leloudas, Giorgios, Galbany, Lluis, Gutiérrez, Claudia P., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Kankare, Erkki, Müller-Bravo, Tomás E, Nicholl, Matt, Pignata, Giuliano, Cartier, Regis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Kozyreva, Alexandra, Rau, Arne, Burke, Jamison, Howell, D Andrew, McCully, Curtis, Pellegrino, Craig, Parrag, Eleonora, Inserra, Cosimo, Schulze, Steve, Anderson, Joseph, Chen, Ting-Wan, Leloudas, Giorgios, Galbany, Lluis, Gutiérrez, Claudia P., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Kankare, Erkki, Müller-Bravo, Tomás E, Nicholl, Matt, Pignata, Giuliano, Cartier, Regis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Kozyreva, Alexandra, Rau, Arne, Burke, Jamison, Howell, D Andrew, McCully, Curtis, and Pellegrino, Craig
Abstract: We present optical spectroscopy together with ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared photometry of SN 2019hcc, which resides in a host galaxy at redshift 0.044, displaying a sub-solar metallicity. The supernova spectrum near peak epoch shows a ‘w’ shape at around 4000 Å which is usually associated with O ii lines and is typical of Type I superluminous supernovae. SN 2019hcc post-peak spectra show a well-developed H α P-Cygni profile from 19 d past maximum and its light curve, in terms of its absolute peak luminosity and evolution, resembles that of a fast-declining Hydrogen-rich supernova (SN IIL). The object does not show any unambiguous sign of interaction as there is no evidence of narrow lines in the spectra or undulations in the light curve. Our tardis spectral modelling of the first spectrum shows that carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen (CNO) at 19 000 K reproduce the ‘w’ shape and suggests that a combination of non-thermally excited CNO and metal lines at 8000 K could reproduce the feature seen at 4000 Å. The Bolometric light-curve modelling reveals that SN 2019hcc could be fit with a magnetar model, showing a relatively strong magnetic field (B > 3 × 1014 G), which matches the peak luminosity and rise time without powering up the light curve to superluminous luminosities. The high-energy photons produced by the magnetar would then be responsible for the detected O ii lines. As a consequence, SN 2019hcc shows that a ‘w’ shape profile at around 4000 Å, usually attributed to O ii, is not only shown in superluminous supernovae and hence it should not be treated as the sole evidence of the belonging to such a supernova type.
Published: 2021

27. The Seventeenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: Complete Release of MaNGA, MaStar and APOGEE-2 Data

Author: Abdurro'uf, Accetta, Katherine, Aerts, Conny, Aguirre, Victor Silva, Ahumada, Romina, Ajgaonkar, Nikhil, Ak, N. Filiz, Alam, Shadab, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Almeida, Andres, Anders, Friedrich, Anderson, Scott F., Andrews, Brett H., Anguiano, Borja, Aquino-Ortiz, Erik, Aragon-Salamanca, Alfonso, Argudo-Fernandez, Maria, Ata, Metin, Aubert, Marie, Avila-Reese, Vladimir, Badenes, Carles, Barba, Rodolfo H., Barger, Kat, Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K., Beaton, Rachael L., Beers, Timothy C., Belfiore, Francesco, Bender, Chad F., Bernardi, Mariangela, Bershady, Matthew A., Beutler, Florian, Bidin, Christian Moni, Bird, Jonathan C., Bizyaev, Dmitry, Blanc, Guillermo A., Blanton, Michael R., Boardman, Nicholas Fraser, Bolton, Adam S., Boquien, Mederic, Borissova, Jura, Bovy, Jo, Brandt, W. N., Brown, Jordan, Brownstein, Joel R., Brusa, Marcella, Buchner, Johannes, Bundy, Kevin, Burchett, Joseph N., Bureau, Martin, Burgasser, Adam, Cabang, Tuesday K., Campbell, Stephanie, Cappellari, Michele, Carlberg, Joleen K., Wanderley, Fabio Carneiro, Carrera, Ricardo, Cash, Jennifer, Chen, Yan-Ping, Chen, Wei-Huai, Cherinka, Brian, Chiappini, Cristina, Choi, Peter Doohyun, Chojnowski, S. Drew, Chung, Haeun, Clerc, Nicolas, Cohen, Roger E., Comerford, Julia M., Comparat, Johan, da Costa, Luiz, Covey, Kevin, Crane, Jeffrey D., Cruz-Gonzalez, Irene, Culhane, Connor, Cunha, Katia, Dai, Y. Sophia, Damke, Guillermo, Darling, Jeremy, Davidson Jr., James W., Davies, Roger, Dawson, Kyle, De Lee, Nathan, Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M., Cano-Diaz, Mariana, Sanchez, Helena Dominguez, Donor, John, Duckworth, Chris, Dwelly, Tom, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elsworth, Yvonne P., Emsellem, Eric, Eracleous, Mike, Escoffier, Stephanie, Fan, Xiaohui, Farr, Emily, Feng, Shuai, Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G., Feuillet, Diane, Filipp, Andreas, Fillingham, Sean P, Frinchaboy, Peter M., Fromenteau, Sebastien, Galbany, Lluis, Garcia, Rafael A., Garcia-Hernandez, D. A., Ge, Junqiang, Geisler, Doug, Gelfand, Joseph, Geron, Tobias, Gibson, Benjamin J., Goddy, Julian, Godoy-Rivera, Diego, Grabowski, Kathleen, Green, Paul J., Greener, Michael, Grier, Catherine J., Griffith, Emily, Guo, Hong, Guy, Julien, Hadjara, Massinissa, Harding, Paul, Hasselquist, Sten, Hayes, Christian R., Hearty, Fred, Hernandez, Jesus, Hill, Lewis, Hogg, David W., Holtzman, Jon A., Horta, Danny, Hsieh, Bau-Ching, Hsu, Chin-Hao, Hsu, Yun-Hsin, Huber, Daniel, Huertas-Company, Marc, Hutchinson, Brian, Hwang, Ho Seong, Ibarra-Medel, Hector J., Chitham, Jacob Ider, Ilha, Gabriele S., Imig, Julie, Jaekle, Will, Jayasinghe, Tharindu, Ji, Xihan, Johnson, Jennifer A., Jones, Amy, Jonsson, Henrik, Katkov, Ivan, Khalatyan, Dr. Arman, Kinemuchi, Karen, Kisku, Shobhit, Knapen, Johan H., Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kollmeier, Juna A., Kong, Miranda, Kounkel, Marina, Kreckel, Kathryn, Krishnarao, Dhanesh, Lacerna, Ivan, Lane, Richard R., Langgin, Rachel, Lavender, Ramon, Law, David R., Lazarz, Daniel, Leung, Henry W., Leung, Ho-Hin, Lewis, Hannah M., Li, Cheng, Li, Ran, Lian, Jianhui, Liang, Fu-Heng, Lin, Lihwai, Lin, Yen-Ting, Lin, Sicheng, Lintott, Chris, Long, Dan, Longa-Pena, Penelope, Lopez-Coba, Carlos, Lu, Shengdong, Lundgren, Britt F., Luo, Yuanze, Mackereth, J. Ted, de la Macorra, Axel, Mahadevan, Suvrath, Majewski, Steven R., Manchado, Arturo, Mandeville, Travis, Maraston, Claudia, Margalef-Bentabol, Berta, Masseron, Thomas, Masters, Karen L., Mathur, Savita, McDermid, Richard M., Mckay, Myles, Merloni, Andrea, Merrifield, Michael, Meszaros, Szabolcs, Miglio, Andrea, Di Mille, Francesco, Minniti, Dante, Minsley, Rebecca, Monachesi, Antonela, Moon, Jeongin, Mosser, Benoit, Mulchaey, John, Muna, Demitri, Munoz, Ricardo R., Myers, Adam D., Myers, Natalie, Nadathur, Seshadri, Nair, Preethi, Nandra, Kirpal, Neumann, Justus, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nidever, David L., Nikakhtar, Farnik, Nitschelm, Christian, O'Connell, Julia E., Garma-Oehmichen, Luis, de Oliveira, Gabriel Luan Souza, Olney, Richard, Oravetz, Daniel, Ortigoza-Urdaneta, Mario, Osorio, Yeisson, Otter, Justin, Pace, Zachary J., Padilla, Nelson, Pan, Kaike, Pan, Hsi-An, Parikh, Taniya, Parker, James, Peirani, Sebastien, Ramirez, Karla Pena, Penny, Samantha, Percival, Will J., Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Pinsonneault, Marc, Poidevin, Frederick, Poovelil, Vijith Jacob, Price-Whelan, Adrian M., Queiroz, Anna Barbara de Andrade, Raddick, M. Jordan, Ray, Amy, Rembold, Sandro Barboza, Riddle, Nicole, Riffel, Rogemar A., Riffel, Rogerio, Rix, Hans-Walter, Robin, Annie C., Rodriguez-Puebla, Aldo, Roman-Lopes, Alexandre, Roman-Zuniga, Carlos, Rose, Benjamin, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Rubin, Kate H. R., Salvato, Mara, Sanchez, Sebastian F., Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R., Sanderson, Robyn, Rojas, Felipe Antonio Santana, Sarceno, Edgar, Sarmiento, Regina, Sayres, Conor, Sazonova, Elizaveta, Schaefer, Adam L., Schiavon, Ricardo, Schlegel, David J, Schneider, Donald P., Schultheis, Mathias, Schwope, Axel, Serenelli, Aldo, Serna, Javier, Shao, Zhengyi, Shapiro, Griffin, Sharma, Anubhav, Shen, Yue, Shetrone, Matthew, Shu, Yiping, Simon, Joshua D., Skrutskie, M. F., Smethurst, Rebecca, Smith, Verne, Sobeck, Jennifer, Spoo, Taylor, Sprague, Dani, Stark, David V., Stassun, Keivan G., Steinmetz, Matthias, Stello, Dennis, Stone-Martinez, Alexander, Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa, Stringfellow, Guy S., Stutz, Amelia, Su, Yung-Chau, Taghizadeh-Popp, Manuchehr, Talbot, Michael S., Tayar, Jamie, Telles, Eduardo, Teske, Johanna, Thakar, Ani, Theissen, Christopher, Thomas, Daniel, Tkachenko, Andrew, Tojeiro, Rita, Toledo, Hector Hernandez, Troup, Nicholas W., Trump, Jonathan R., Trussler, James, Turner, Jacqueline, Tuttle, Sarah, Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo, Vazquez-Mata, Jose Antonio, Valentini, Marica, Valenzuela, Octavio, Vargas-Gonzalez, Jaime, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Alfaro, Pablo Vera, Villanova, Sandro, Vincenzo, Fiorenzo, Wake, David, Warfield, Jack T., Washington, Jessica Diane, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, Weijmans, Anne-Marie, Weinberg, David H., Weiss, Achim, Westfall, Kyle B., Wild, Vivienne, Wilde, Matthew C., Wilson, John C., Wilson, Robert F., Wilson, Mikayla, Wolf, Julien, Wood-Vasey, W. M., Yan, Renbin, Zamora, Olga, Zasowski, Gail, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Cheng, Zheng, Zheng, Zhu, Kai, Abdurro'uf, Accetta, Katherine, Aerts, Conny, Aguirre, Victor Silva, Ahumada, Romina, Ajgaonkar, Nikhil, Ak, N. Filiz, Alam, Shadab, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Almeida, Andres, Anders, Friedrich, Anderson, Scott F., Andrews, Brett H., Anguiano, Borja, Aquino-Ortiz, Erik, Aragon-Salamanca, Alfonso, Argudo-Fernandez, Maria, Ata, Metin, Aubert, Marie, Avila-Reese, Vladimir, Badenes, Carles, Barba, Rodolfo H., Barger, Kat, Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K., Beaton, Rachael L., Beers, Timothy C., Belfiore, Francesco, Bender, Chad F., Bernardi, Mariangela, Bershady, Matthew A., Beutler, Florian, Bidin, Christian Moni, Bird, Jonathan C., Bizyaev, Dmitry, Blanc, Guillermo A., Blanton, Michael R., Boardman, Nicholas Fraser, Bolton, Adam S., Boquien, Mederic, Borissova, Jura, Bovy, Jo, Brandt, W. N., Brown, Jordan, Brownstein, Joel R., Brusa, Marcella, Buchner, Johannes, Bundy, Kevin, Burchett, Joseph N., Bureau, Martin, Burgasser, Adam, Cabang, Tuesday K., Campbell, Stephanie, Cappellari, Michele, Carlberg, Joleen K., Wanderley, Fabio Carneiro, Carrera, Ricardo, Cash, Jennifer, Chen, Yan-Ping, Chen, Wei-Huai, Cherinka, Brian, Chiappini, Cristina, Choi, Peter Doohyun, Chojnowski, S. Drew, Chung, Haeun, Clerc, Nicolas, Cohen, Roger E., Comerford, Julia M., Comparat, Johan, da Costa, Luiz, Covey, Kevin, Crane, Jeffrey D., Cruz-Gonzalez, Irene, Culhane, Connor, Cunha, Katia, Dai, Y. Sophia, Damke, Guillermo, Darling, Jeremy, Davidson Jr., James W., Davies, Roger, Dawson, Kyle, De Lee, Nathan, Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M., Cano-Diaz, Mariana, Sanchez, Helena Dominguez, Donor, John, Duckworth, Chris, Dwelly, Tom, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elsworth, Yvonne P., Emsellem, Eric, Eracleous, Mike, Escoffier, Stephanie, Fan, Xiaohui, Farr, Emily, Feng, Shuai, Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G., Feuillet, Diane, Filipp, Andreas, Fillingham, Sean P, Frinchaboy, Peter M., Fromenteau, Sebastien, Galbany, Lluis, Garcia, Rafael A., Garcia-Hernandez, D. A., Ge, Junqiang, Geisler, Doug, Gelfand, Joseph, Geron, Tobias, Gibson, Benjamin J., Goddy, Julian, Godoy-Rivera, Diego, Grabowski, Kathleen, Green, Paul J., Greener, Michael, Grier, Catherine J., Griffith, Emily, Guo, Hong, Guy, Julien, Hadjara, Massinissa, Harding, Paul, Hasselquist, Sten, Hayes, Christian R., Hearty, Fred, Hernandez, Jesus, Hill, Lewis, Hogg, David W., Holtzman, Jon A., Horta, Danny, Hsieh, Bau-Ching, Hsu, Chin-Hao, Hsu, Yun-Hsin, Huber, Daniel, Huertas-Company, Marc, Hutchinson, Brian, Hwang, Ho Seong, Ibarra-Medel, Hector J., Chitham, Jacob Ider, Ilha, Gabriele S., Imig, Julie, Jaekle, Will, Jayasinghe, Tharindu, Ji, Xihan, Johnson, Jennifer A., Jones, Amy, Jonsson, Henrik, Katkov, Ivan, Khalatyan, Dr. Arman, Kinemuchi, Karen, Kisku, Shobhit, Knapen, Johan H., Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kollmeier, Juna A., Kong, Miranda, Kounkel, Marina, Kreckel, Kathryn, Krishnarao, Dhanesh, Lacerna, Ivan, Lane, Richard R., Langgin, Rachel, Lavender, Ramon, Law, David R., Lazarz, Daniel, Leung, Henry W., Leung, Ho-Hin, Lewis, Hannah M., Li, Cheng, Li, Ran, Lian, Jianhui, Liang, Fu-Heng, Lin, Lihwai, Lin, Yen-Ting, Lin, Sicheng, Lintott, Chris, Long, Dan, Longa-Pena, Penelope, Lopez-Coba, Carlos, Lu, Shengdong, Lundgren, Britt F., Luo, Yuanze, Mackereth, J. Ted, de la Macorra, Axel, Mahadevan, Suvrath, Majewski, Steven R., Manchado, Arturo, Mandeville, Travis, Maraston, Claudia, Margalef-Bentabol, Berta, Masseron, Thomas, Masters, Karen L., Mathur, Savita, McDermid, Richard M., Mckay, Myles, Merloni, Andrea, Merrifield, Michael, Meszaros, Szabolcs, Miglio, Andrea, Di Mille, Francesco, Minniti, Dante, Minsley, Rebecca, Monachesi, Antonela, Moon, Jeongin, Mosser, Benoit, Mulchaey, John, Muna, Demitri, Munoz, Ricardo R., Myers, Adam D., Myers, Natalie, Nadathur, Seshadri, Nair, Preethi, Nandra, Kirpal, Neumann, Justus, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nidever, David L., Nikakhtar, Farnik, Nitschelm, Christian, O'Connell, Julia E., Garma-Oehmichen, Luis, de Oliveira, Gabriel Luan Souza, Olney, Richard, Oravetz, Daniel, Ortigoza-Urdaneta, Mario, Osorio, Yeisson, Otter, Justin, Pace, Zachary J., Padilla, Nelson, Pan, Kaike, Pan, Hsi-An, Parikh, Taniya, Parker, James, Peirani, Sebastien, Ramirez, Karla Pena, Penny, Samantha, Percival, Will J., Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Pinsonneault, Marc, Poidevin, Frederick, Poovelil, Vijith Jacob, Price-Whelan, Adrian M., Queiroz, Anna Barbara de Andrade, Raddick, M. Jordan, Ray, Amy, Rembold, Sandro Barboza, Riddle, Nicole, Riffel, Rogemar A., Riffel, Rogerio, Rix, Hans-Walter, Robin, Annie C., Rodriguez-Puebla, Aldo, Roman-Lopes, Alexandre, Roman-Zuniga, Carlos, Rose, Benjamin, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Rubin, Kate H. R., Salvato, Mara, Sanchez, Sebastian F., Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R., Sanderson, Robyn, Rojas, Felipe Antonio Santana, Sarceno, Edgar, Sarmiento, Regina, Sayres, Conor, Sazonova, Elizaveta, Schaefer, Adam L., Schiavon, Ricardo, Schlegel, David J, Schneider, Donald P., Schultheis, Mathias, Schwope, Axel, Serenelli, Aldo, Serna, Javier, Shao, Zhengyi, Shapiro, Griffin, Sharma, Anubhav, Shen, Yue, Shetrone, Matthew, Shu, Yiping, Simon, Joshua D., Skrutskie, M. F., Smethurst, Rebecca, Smith, Verne, Sobeck, Jennifer, Spoo, Taylor, Sprague, Dani, Stark, David V., Stassun, Keivan G., Steinmetz, Matthias, Stello, Dennis, Stone-Martinez, Alexander, Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa, Stringfellow, Guy S., Stutz, Amelia, Su, Yung-Chau, Taghizadeh-Popp, Manuchehr, Talbot, Michael S., Tayar, Jamie, Telles, Eduardo, Teske, Johanna, Thakar, Ani, Theissen, Christopher, Thomas, Daniel, Tkachenko, Andrew, Tojeiro, Rita, Toledo, Hector Hernandez, Troup, Nicholas W., Trump, Jonathan R., Trussler, James, Turner, Jacqueline, Tuttle, Sarah, Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo, Vazquez-Mata, Jose Antonio, Valentini, Marica, Valenzuela, Octavio, Vargas-Gonzalez, Jaime, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Alfaro, Pablo Vera, Villanova, Sandro, Vincenzo, Fiorenzo, Wake, David, Warfield, Jack T., Washington, Jessica Diane, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, Weijmans, Anne-Marie, Weinberg, David H., Weiss, Achim, Westfall, Kyle B., Wild, Vivienne, Wilde, Matthew C., Wilson, John C., Wilson, Robert F., Wilson, Mikayla, Wolf, Julien, Wood-Vasey, W. M., Yan, Renbin, Zamora, Olga, Zasowski, Gail, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Cheng, Zheng, Zheng, and Zhu, Kai
Abstract: This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fifth and final release from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). DR17 contains the complete release of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, which reached its goal of surveying over 10,000 nearby galaxies. The complete release of the MaNGA Stellar Library (MaStar) accompanies this data, providing observations of almost 30,000 stars through the MaNGA instrument during bright time. DR17 also contains the complete release of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) survey which publicly releases infra-red spectra of over 650,000 stars. The main sample from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), as well as the sub-survey Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS) data were fully released in DR16. New single-fiber optical spectroscopy released in DR17 is from the SPectroscipic IDentification of ERosita Survey (SPIDERS) sub-survey and the eBOSS-RM program. Along with the primary data sets, DR17 includes 25 new or updated Value Added Catalogs (VACs). This paper concludes the release of SDSS-IV survey data. SDSS continues into its fifth phase with observations already underway for the Milky Way Mapper (MWM), Local Volume Mapper (LVM) and Black Hole Mapper (BHM) surveys., Comment: 40 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables. In press at ApJSS (arxiv v2 corrects some minor typos and updates references)
Published: 2021
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28. SN 2019hcc: A Type II Supernova Displaying Early O II Lines

Author: Parrag, Eleonora, Inserra, Cosimo, Schulze, Steve, Anderson, Joseph, Chen, Ting-Wan, Leloudas, Giorgios, Galbany, Lluis, Gutierrez, Claudia P., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Kankare, Erkki, Muller-Bravo, Tomas E., Nicholl, Matt, Pignata, Giuliano, Cartier, Regis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Kozyreva, Alexandra, Rau, Arne, Burke, Jamison, Howell, D. Andrew, McCully, Curtis, Pellegrino, Craig, Parrag, Eleonora, Inserra, Cosimo, Schulze, Steve, Anderson, Joseph, Chen, Ting-Wan, Leloudas, Giorgios, Galbany, Lluis, Gutierrez, Claudia P., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Kankare, Erkki, Muller-Bravo, Tomas E., Nicholl, Matt, Pignata, Giuliano, Cartier, Regis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Kozyreva, Alexandra, Rau, Arne, Burke, Jamison, Howell, D. Andrew, McCully, Curtis, and Pellegrino, Craig
Abstract: We present optical spectroscopy together with ultraviolet, optical and near-infrared photometry of SN 2019hcc, which resides in a host galaxy at redshift 0.044, displaying a sub-solar metallicity. The supernova spectrum near peak epoch shows a `w' shape at around 4000 {\AA} which is usually associated with O II lines and is typical of Type I superluminous supernovae. SN 2019hcc post-peak spectra show a well-developed H alpha P-Cygni profile from 19 days past maximum and its light curve, in terms of its absolute peak luminosity and evolution, resembles that of a fast-declining Hydrogen-rich supernova (SN IIL). The object does not show any unambiguous sign of interaction as there is no evidence of narrow lines in the spectra or undulations in the light curve. Our tardis spectral modelling of the first spectrum shows that Carbon, Nitrogen and Oxygen (CNO) at 19000 K reproduce the `w' shape and suggests that a combination of non-thermally excited CNO and metal lines at 8000 K could reproduce the feature seen at 4000 {\AA}. The Bolometric light curve modelling reveals that SN 2019hcc could be fit with a magnetar model, showing a relatively strong magnetic field (B > 3 x 10^14 G), which matches the peak luminosity and rise time without powering up the light curve to superluminous luminosities. The high-energy photons produced by the magnetar would then be responsible for the detected O II lines. As a consequence, SN 2019hcc shows that a `w' shape profile at around 4000 {\AA}, usually attributed to O II, is not only shown in superluminous supernovae and hence it should not be treated as the sole evidence of the belonging to such a supernova type., Comment: Paper accepted on MNRAS, 24 pages, 18 figures
Published: 2021
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29. SN 2019muj-a well-observed Type Iax supernova that bridges the luminosity gap of the class

Author: Barna, Barnabas, Szalai, Tamas, Jha, Saurabh W., Camacho-Neves, Yssavo, Kwok, Lindsey, Foley, Ryan J., Kilpatrick, Charles D., Coulter, David A., Dimitriadis, Georgios, Rest, Armin, Rojas-Bravo, Cesar, Siebert, Matthew R., Brown, Peter J., Burke, Jamison, Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Howell, D. Andrew, McCully, Curtis, Pellegrino, Craig, Dobson, Matthew, Smartt, Stephen J., Swift, Jonathan J., Stacey, Holland, Rahman, Mohammed, Sand, David J., Andrews, Jennifer, Wyatt, Samuel, Hsiao, Eric Y., Anderson, Joseph P., Chen, Ting-Wan, Della Valle, Massimo, Galbany, Lluis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Inserra, Cosimo, Lyman, Joe, Magee, Mark, Maguire, Kate, Mueller-Bravo, Tomas E., Nicholl, Matt, Srivastav, Shubham, Williams, Steven C., Barna, Barnabas, Szalai, Tamas, Jha, Saurabh W., Camacho-Neves, Yssavo, Kwok, Lindsey, Foley, Ryan J., Kilpatrick, Charles D., Coulter, David A., Dimitriadis, Georgios, Rest, Armin, Rojas-Bravo, Cesar, Siebert, Matthew R., Brown, Peter J., Burke, Jamison, Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Howell, D. Andrew, McCully, Curtis, Pellegrino, Craig, Dobson, Matthew, Smartt, Stephen J., Swift, Jonathan J., Stacey, Holland, Rahman, Mohammed, Sand, David J., Andrews, Jennifer, Wyatt, Samuel, Hsiao, Eric Y., Anderson, Joseph P., Chen, Ting-Wan, Della Valle, Massimo, Galbany, Lluis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Inserra, Cosimo, Lyman, Joe, Magee, Mark, Maguire, Kate, Mueller-Bravo, Tomas E., Nicholl, Matt, Srivastav, Shubham, and Williams, Steven C.
Abstract: We present early-time (t < +50 d) observations of SN 2019muj (=ASASSN-19tr), one of the best-observed members of the peculiar SN Iax class. Ultraviolet and optical photometric and optical and near-infrared spectroscopic follow-up started from similar to 5 d before maximum light [t(max)(B) on 58707.8 MJD] and covers the photospheric phase. The early observations allow us to estimate the physical properties of the ejecta and characterize the possible divergence from a uniform chemical abundance structure. The estimated bolometric light-curve peaks at 1.05 x 10(42) erg s(-1) and indicates that only 0.031 M-circle dot of Ni-56 was produced, making SN 2019muj a moderate luminosity object in the Iax class with peak absolute magnitude of M-V = -16.4 mag. The estimated date of explosion is t(0) = 58698.2 MJD and implies a short rise time of t(rise) = 9.6 d in B band. We fit of the spectroscopic data by synthetic spectra, calculated via the radiative transfer code TARDIS. Adopting the partially stratified abundance template based on brighter SNe Iax provides a good match with SN 2019muj. However, without earlier spectra, the need for stratification cannot be stated in most of the elements, except carbon, which is allowed to appear in the outer layers only. SN 2019muj provides a unique opportunity to link extremely low-luminosity SNe Iax to well-studied, brighter SNe Iax.
Published: 2021
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30. The Seventeenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: Complete Release of MaNGA, MaStar and APOGEE-2 Data

Author: Abdurro'uf, Accetta, Katherine, Aerts, Conny, Aguirre, Victor Silva, Ahumada, Romina, Ajgaonkar, Nikhil, Ak, N. Filiz, Alam, Shadab, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Almeida, Andres, Anders, Friedrich, Anderson, Scott F., Andrews, Brett H., Anguiano, Borja, Aquino-Ortiz, Erik, Aragon-Salamanca, Alfonso, Argudo-Fernandez, Maria, Ata, Metin, Aubert, Marie, Avila-Reese, Vladimir, Badenes, Carles, Barba, Rodolfo H., Barger, Kat, Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K., Beaton, Rachael L., Beers, Timothy C., Belfiore, Francesco, Bender, Chad F., Bernardi, Mariangela, Bershady, Matthew A., Beutler, Florian, Bidin, Christian Moni, Bird, Jonathan C., Bizyaev, Dmitry, Blanc, Guillermo A., Blanton, Michael R., Boardman, Nicholas Fraser, Bolton, Adam S., Boquien, Mederic, Borissova, Jura, Bovy, Jo, Brandt, W. N., Brown, Jordan, Brownstein, Joel R., Brusa, Marcella, Buchner, Johannes, Bundy, Kevin, Burchett, Joseph N., Bureau, Martin, Burgasser, Adam, Cabang, Tuesday K., Campbell, Stephanie, Cappellari, Michele, Carlberg, Joleen K., Wanderley, Fabio Carneiro, Carrera, Ricardo, Cash, Jennifer, Chen, Yan-Ping, Chen, Wei-Huai, Cherinka, Brian, Chiappini, Cristina, Choi, Peter Doohyun, Chojnowski, S. Drew, Chung, Haeun, Clerc, Nicolas, Cohen, Roger E., Comerford, Julia M., Comparat, Johan, da Costa, Luiz, Covey, Kevin, Crane, Jeffrey D., Cruz-Gonzalez, Irene, Culhane, Connor, Cunha, Katia, Dai, Y. Sophia, Damke, Guillermo, Darling, Jeremy, Davidson Jr., James W., Davies, Roger, Dawson, Kyle, De Lee, Nathan, Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M., Cano-Diaz, Mariana, Sanchez, Helena Dominguez, Donor, John, Duckworth, Chris, Dwelly, Tom, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elsworth, Yvonne P., Emsellem, Eric, Eracleous, Mike, Escoffier, Stephanie, Fan, Xiaohui, Farr, Emily, Feng, Shuai, Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G., Feuillet, Diane, Filipp, Andreas, Fillingham, Sean P, Frinchaboy, Peter M., Fromenteau, Sebastien, Galbany, Lluis, Garcia, Rafael A., Garcia-Hernandez, D. A., Ge, Junqiang, Geisler, Doug, Gelfand, Joseph, Geron, Tobias, Gibson, Benjamin J., Goddy, Julian, Godoy-Rivera, Diego, Grabowski, Kathleen, Green, Paul J., Greener, Michael, Grier, Catherine J., Griffith, Emily, Guo, Hong, Guy, Julien, Hadjara, Massinissa, Harding, Paul, Hasselquist, Sten, Hayes, Christian R., Hearty, Fred, Hernandez, Jesus, Hill, Lewis, Hogg, David W., Holtzman, Jon A., Horta, Danny, Hsieh, Bau-Ching, Hsu, Chin-Hao, Hsu, Yun-Hsin, Huber, Daniel, Huertas-Company, Marc, Hutchinson, Brian, Hwang, Ho Seong, Ibarra-Medel, Hector J., Chitham, Jacob Ider, Ilha, Gabriele S., Imig, Julie, Jaekle, Will, Jayasinghe, Tharindu, Ji, Xihan, Johnson, Jennifer A., Jones, Amy, Jonsson, Henrik, Katkov, Ivan, Khalatyan, Dr. Arman, Kinemuchi, Karen, Kisku, Shobhit, Knapen, Johan H., Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kollmeier, Juna A., Kong, Miranda, Kounkel, Marina, Kreckel, Kathryn, Krishnarao, Dhanesh, Lacerna, Ivan, Lane, Richard R., Langgin, Rachel, Lavender, Ramon, Law, David R., Lazarz, Daniel, Leung, Henry W., Leung, Ho-Hin, Lewis, Hannah M., Li, Cheng, Li, Ran, Lian, Jianhui, Liang, Fu-Heng, Lin, Lihwai, Lin, Yen-Ting, Lin, Sicheng, Lintott, Chris, Long, Dan, Longa-Pena, Penelope, Lopez-Coba, Carlos, Lu, Shengdong, Lundgren, Britt F., Luo, Yuanze, Mackereth, J. Ted, de la Macorra, Axel, Mahadevan, Suvrath, Majewski, Steven R., Manchado, Arturo, Mandeville, Travis, Maraston, Claudia, Margalef-Bentabol, Berta, Masseron, Thomas, Masters, Karen L., Mathur, Savita, McDermid, Richard M., Mckay, Myles, Merloni, Andrea, Merrifield, Michael, Meszaros, Szabolcs, Miglio, Andrea, Di Mille, Francesco, Minniti, Dante, Minsley, Rebecca, Monachesi, Antonela, Moon, Jeongin, Mosser, Benoit, Mulchaey, John, Muna, Demitri, Munoz, Ricardo R., Myers, Adam D., Myers, Natalie, Nadathur, Seshadri, Nair, Preethi, Nandra, Kirpal, Neumann, Justus, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nidever, David L., Nikakhtar, Farnik, Nitschelm, Christian, O'Connell, Julia E., Garma-Oehmichen, Luis, de Oliveira, Gabriel Luan Souza, Olney, Richard, Oravetz, Daniel, Ortigoza-Urdaneta, Mario, Osorio, Yeisson, Otter, Justin, Pace, Zachary J., Padilla, Nelson, Pan, Kaike, Pan, Hsi-An, Parikh, Taniya, Parker, James, Peirani, Sebastien, Ramirez, Karla Pena, Penny, Samantha, Percival, Will J., Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Pinsonneault, Marc, Poidevin, Frederick, Poovelil, Vijith Jacob, Price-Whelan, Adrian M., Queiroz, Anna Barbara de Andrade, Raddick, M. Jordan, Ray, Amy, Rembold, Sandro Barboza, Riddle, Nicole, Riffel, Rogemar A., Riffel, Rogerio, Rix, Hans-Walter, Robin, Annie C., Rodriguez-Puebla, Aldo, Roman-Lopes, Alexandre, Roman-Zuniga, Carlos, Rose, Benjamin, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Rubin, Kate H. R., Salvato, Mara, Sanchez, Sebastian F., Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R., Sanderson, Robyn, Rojas, Felipe Antonio Santana, Sarceno, Edgar, Sarmiento, Regina, Sayres, Conor, Sazonova, Elizaveta, Schaefer, Adam L., Schiavon, Ricardo, Schlegel, David J, Schneider, Donald P., Schultheis, Mathias, Schwope, Axel, Serenelli, Aldo, Serna, Javier, Shao, Zhengyi, Shapiro, Griffin, Sharma, Anubhav, Shen, Yue, Shetrone, Matthew, Shu, Yiping, Simon, Joshua D., Skrutskie, M. F., Smethurst, Rebecca, Smith, Verne, Sobeck, Jennifer, Spoo, Taylor, Sprague, Dani, Stark, David V., Stassun, Keivan G., Steinmetz, Matthias, Stello, Dennis, Stone-Martinez, Alexander, Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa, Stringfellow, Guy S., Stutz, Amelia, Su, Yung-Chau, Taghizadeh-Popp, Manuchehr, Talbot, Michael S., Tayar, Jamie, Telles, Eduardo, Teske, Johanna, Thakar, Ani, Theissen, Christopher, Thomas, Daniel, Tkachenko, Andrew, Tojeiro, Rita, Toledo, Hector Hernandez, Troup, Nicholas W., Trump, Jonathan R., Trussler, James, Turner, Jacqueline, Tuttle, Sarah, Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo, Vazquez-Mata, Jose Antonio, Valentini, Marica, Valenzuela, Octavio, Vargas-Gonzalez, Jaime, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Alfaro, Pablo Vera, Villanova, Sandro, Vincenzo, Fiorenzo, Wake, David, Warfield, Jack T., Washington, Jessica Diane, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, Weijmans, Anne-Marie, Weinberg, David H., Weiss, Achim, Westfall, Kyle B., Wild, Vivienne, Wilde, Matthew C., Wilson, John C., Wilson, Robert F., Wilson, Mikayla, Wolf, Julien, Wood-Vasey, W. M., Yan, Renbin, Zamora, Olga, Zasowski, Gail, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Cheng, Zheng, Zheng, Zhu, Kai, Abdurro'uf, Accetta, Katherine, Aerts, Conny, Aguirre, Victor Silva, Ahumada, Romina, Ajgaonkar, Nikhil, Ak, N. Filiz, Alam, Shadab, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Almeida, Andres, Anders, Friedrich, Anderson, Scott F., Andrews, Brett H., Anguiano, Borja, Aquino-Ortiz, Erik, Aragon-Salamanca, Alfonso, Argudo-Fernandez, Maria, Ata, Metin, Aubert, Marie, Avila-Reese, Vladimir, Badenes, Carles, Barba, Rodolfo H., Barger, Kat, Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K., Beaton, Rachael L., Beers, Timothy C., Belfiore, Francesco, Bender, Chad F., Bernardi, Mariangela, Bershady, Matthew A., Beutler, Florian, Bidin, Christian Moni, Bird, Jonathan C., Bizyaev, Dmitry, Blanc, Guillermo A., Blanton, Michael R., Boardman, Nicholas Fraser, Bolton, Adam S., Boquien, Mederic, Borissova, Jura, Bovy, Jo, Brandt, W. N., Brown, Jordan, Brownstein, Joel R., Brusa, Marcella, Buchner, Johannes, Bundy, Kevin, Burchett, Joseph N., Bureau, Martin, Burgasser, Adam, Cabang, Tuesday K., Campbell, Stephanie, Cappellari, Michele, Carlberg, Joleen K., Wanderley, Fabio Carneiro, Carrera, Ricardo, Cash, Jennifer, Chen, Yan-Ping, Chen, Wei-Huai, Cherinka, Brian, Chiappini, Cristina, Choi, Peter Doohyun, Chojnowski, S. Drew, Chung, Haeun, Clerc, Nicolas, Cohen, Roger E., Comerford, Julia M., Comparat, Johan, da Costa, Luiz, Covey, Kevin, Crane, Jeffrey D., Cruz-Gonzalez, Irene, Culhane, Connor, Cunha, Katia, Dai, Y. Sophia, Damke, Guillermo, Darling, Jeremy, Davidson Jr., James W., Davies, Roger, Dawson, Kyle, De Lee, Nathan, Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M., Cano-Diaz, Mariana, Sanchez, Helena Dominguez, Donor, John, Duckworth, Chris, Dwelly, Tom, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elsworth, Yvonne P., Emsellem, Eric, Eracleous, Mike, Escoffier, Stephanie, Fan, Xiaohui, Farr, Emily, Feng, Shuai, Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G., Feuillet, Diane, Filipp, Andreas, Fillingham, Sean P, Frinchaboy, Peter M., Fromenteau, Sebastien, Galbany, Lluis, Garcia, Rafael A., Garcia-Hernandez, D. A., Ge, Junqiang, Geisler, Doug, Gelfand, Joseph, Geron, Tobias, Gibson, Benjamin J., Goddy, Julian, Godoy-Rivera, Diego, Grabowski, Kathleen, Green, Paul J., Greener, Michael, Grier, Catherine J., Griffith, Emily, Guo, Hong, Guy, Julien, Hadjara, Massinissa, Harding, Paul, Hasselquist, Sten, Hayes, Christian R., Hearty, Fred, Hernandez, Jesus, Hill, Lewis, Hogg, David W., Holtzman, Jon A., Horta, Danny, Hsieh, Bau-Ching, Hsu, Chin-Hao, Hsu, Yun-Hsin, Huber, Daniel, Huertas-Company, Marc, Hutchinson, Brian, Hwang, Ho Seong, Ibarra-Medel, Hector J., Chitham, Jacob Ider, Ilha, Gabriele S., Imig, Julie, Jaekle, Will, Jayasinghe, Tharindu, Ji, Xihan, Johnson, Jennifer A., Jones, Amy, Jonsson, Henrik, Katkov, Ivan, Khalatyan, Dr. Arman, Kinemuchi, Karen, Kisku, Shobhit, Knapen, Johan H., Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kollmeier, Juna A., Kong, Miranda, Kounkel, Marina, Kreckel, Kathryn, Krishnarao, Dhanesh, Lacerna, Ivan, Lane, Richard R., Langgin, Rachel, Lavender, Ramon, Law, David R., Lazarz, Daniel, Leung, Henry W., Leung, Ho-Hin, Lewis, Hannah M., Li, Cheng, Li, Ran, Lian, Jianhui, Liang, Fu-Heng, Lin, Lihwai, Lin, Yen-Ting, Lin, Sicheng, Lintott, Chris, Long, Dan, Longa-Pena, Penelope, Lopez-Coba, Carlos, Lu, Shengdong, Lundgren, Britt F., Luo, Yuanze, Mackereth, J. Ted, de la Macorra, Axel, Mahadevan, Suvrath, Majewski, Steven R., Manchado, Arturo, Mandeville, Travis, Maraston, Claudia, Margalef-Bentabol, Berta, Masseron, Thomas, Masters, Karen L., Mathur, Savita, McDermid, Richard M., Mckay, Myles, Merloni, Andrea, Merrifield, Michael, Meszaros, Szabolcs, Miglio, Andrea, Di Mille, Francesco, Minniti, Dante, Minsley, Rebecca, Monachesi, Antonela, Moon, Jeongin, Mosser, Benoit, Mulchaey, John, Muna, Demitri, Munoz, Ricardo R., Myers, Adam D., Myers, Natalie, Nadathur, Seshadri, Nair, Preethi, Nandra, Kirpal, Neumann, Justus, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nidever, David L., Nikakhtar, Farnik, Nitschelm, Christian, O'Connell, Julia E., Garma-Oehmichen, Luis, de Oliveira, Gabriel Luan Souza, Olney, Richard, Oravetz, Daniel, Ortigoza-Urdaneta, Mario, Osorio, Yeisson, Otter, Justin, Pace, Zachary J., Padilla, Nelson, Pan, Kaike, Pan, Hsi-An, Parikh, Taniya, Parker, James, Peirani, Sebastien, Ramirez, Karla Pena, Penny, Samantha, Percival, Will J., Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Pinsonneault, Marc, Poidevin, Frederick, Poovelil, Vijith Jacob, Price-Whelan, Adrian M., Queiroz, Anna Barbara de Andrade, Raddick, M. Jordan, Ray, Amy, Rembold, Sandro Barboza, Riddle, Nicole, Riffel, Rogemar A., Riffel, Rogerio, Rix, Hans-Walter, Robin, Annie C., Rodriguez-Puebla, Aldo, Roman-Lopes, Alexandre, Roman-Zuniga, Carlos, Rose, Benjamin, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Rubin, Kate H. R., Salvato, Mara, Sanchez, Sebastian F., Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R., Sanderson, Robyn, Rojas, Felipe Antonio Santana, Sarceno, Edgar, Sarmiento, Regina, Sayres, Conor, Sazonova, Elizaveta, Schaefer, Adam L., Schiavon, Ricardo, Schlegel, David J, Schneider, Donald P., Schultheis, Mathias, Schwope, Axel, Serenelli, Aldo, Serna, Javier, Shao, Zhengyi, Shapiro, Griffin, Sharma, Anubhav, Shen, Yue, Shetrone, Matthew, Shu, Yiping, Simon, Joshua D., Skrutskie, M. F., Smethurst, Rebecca, Smith, Verne, Sobeck, Jennifer, Spoo, Taylor, Sprague, Dani, Stark, David V., Stassun, Keivan G., Steinmetz, Matthias, Stello, Dennis, Stone-Martinez, Alexander, Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa, Stringfellow, Guy S., Stutz, Amelia, Su, Yung-Chau, Taghizadeh-Popp, Manuchehr, Talbot, Michael S., Tayar, Jamie, Telles, Eduardo, Teske, Johanna, Thakar, Ani, Theissen, Christopher, Thomas, Daniel, Tkachenko, Andrew, Tojeiro, Rita, Toledo, Hector Hernandez, Troup, Nicholas W., Trump, Jonathan R., Trussler, James, Turner, Jacqueline, Tuttle, Sarah, Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo, Vazquez-Mata, Jose Antonio, Valentini, Marica, Valenzuela, Octavio, Vargas-Gonzalez, Jaime, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Alfaro, Pablo Vera, Villanova, Sandro, Vincenzo, Fiorenzo, Wake, David, Warfield, Jack T., Washington, Jessica Diane, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, Weijmans, Anne-Marie, Weinberg, David H., Weiss, Achim, Westfall, Kyle B., Wild, Vivienne, Wilde, Matthew C., Wilson, John C., Wilson, Robert F., Wilson, Mikayla, Wolf, Julien, Wood-Vasey, W. M., Yan, Renbin, Zamora, Olga, Zasowski, Gail, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Cheng, Zheng, Zheng, and Zhu, Kai
Abstract: This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fifth and final release from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). DR17 contains the complete release of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, which reached its goal of surveying over 10,000 nearby galaxies. The complete release of the MaNGA Stellar Library (MaStar) accompanies this data, providing observations of almost 30,000 stars through the MaNGA instrument during bright time. DR17 also contains the complete release of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) survey which publicly releases infra-red spectra of over 650,000 stars. The main sample from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), as well as the sub-survey Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS) data were fully released in DR16. New single-fiber optical spectroscopy released in DR17 is from the SPectroscipic IDentification of ERosita Survey (SPIDERS) sub-survey and the eBOSS-RM program. Along with the primary data sets, DR17 includes 25 new or updated Value Added Catalogs (VACs). This paper concludes the release of SDSS-IV survey data. SDSS continues into its fifth phase with observations already underway for the Milky Way Mapper (MWM), Local Volume Mapper (LVM) and Black Hole Mapper (BHM) surveys., Comment: 40 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables. In press at ApJSS (arxiv v2 corrects some minor typos and updates references)
Published: 2021
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31. SN 2019hcc: A Type II Supernova Displaying Early O II Lines

Author: Parrag, Eleonora, Inserra, Cosimo, Schulze, Steve, Anderson, Joseph, Chen, Ting-Wan, Leloudas, Giorgios, Galbany, Lluis, Gutierrez, Claudia P., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Kankare, Erkki, Muller-Bravo, Tomas E., Nicholl, Matt, Pignata, Giuliano, Cartier, Regis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Kozyreva, Alexandra, Rau, Arne, Burke, Jamison, Howell, D. Andrew, McCully, Curtis, Pellegrino, Craig, Parrag, Eleonora, Inserra, Cosimo, Schulze, Steve, Anderson, Joseph, Chen, Ting-Wan, Leloudas, Giorgios, Galbany, Lluis, Gutierrez, Claudia P., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Kankare, Erkki, Muller-Bravo, Tomas E., Nicholl, Matt, Pignata, Giuliano, Cartier, Regis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Kozyreva, Alexandra, Rau, Arne, Burke, Jamison, Howell, D. Andrew, McCully, Curtis, and Pellegrino, Craig
Abstract: We present optical spectroscopy together with ultraviolet, optical and near-infrared photometry of SN 2019hcc, which resides in a host galaxy at redshift 0.044, displaying a sub-solar metallicity. The supernova spectrum near peak epoch shows a `w' shape at around 4000 {\AA} which is usually associated with O II lines and is typical of Type I superluminous supernovae. SN 2019hcc post-peak spectra show a well-developed H alpha P-Cygni profile from 19 days past maximum and its light curve, in terms of its absolute peak luminosity and evolution, resembles that of a fast-declining Hydrogen-rich supernova (SN IIL). The object does not show any unambiguous sign of interaction as there is no evidence of narrow lines in the spectra or undulations in the light curve. Our tardis spectral modelling of the first spectrum shows that Carbon, Nitrogen and Oxygen (CNO) at 19000 K reproduce the `w' shape and suggests that a combination of non-thermally excited CNO and metal lines at 8000 K could reproduce the feature seen at 4000 {\AA}. The Bolometric light curve modelling reveals that SN 2019hcc could be fit with a magnetar model, showing a relatively strong magnetic field (B > 3 x 10^14 G), which matches the peak luminosity and rise time without powering up the light curve to superluminous luminosities. The high-energy photons produced by the magnetar would then be responsible for the detected O II lines. As a consequence, SN 2019hcc shows that a `w' shape profile at around 4000 {\AA}, usually attributed to O II, is not only shown in superluminous supernovae and hence it should not be treated as the sole evidence of the belonging to such a supernova type., Comment: Paper accepted on MNRAS, 24 pages, 18 figures
Published: 2021
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32. White Paper on MAAT@GTC

Author: Prada, Francisco, Content, Robert, Goobar, Ariel, Izzo, Luca, Pérez, Enrique, Agnello, Adriano, del Burgo, Carlos, Dhillon, Vik, Diego, José M., Galbany, Lluis, García-Rojas, Jorge, Jones, David, Lawrence, Jon, Martín, Eduardo, Mediavilla, Evencio, García, M. Ángeles Pérez, Almeida, Jorge Sánchez, Pulido, José A. Acosta, López-Sánchez, Angel R., Arribas, Santiago, Carrera, Francisco J., Corral, Amalia, Domínguez, Inmaculada, Mateos, Silvia, Nuñez, Silvia Martínez, Villaver, Eva, Osorio, María Rosa Zapatero, Albertus, Conrado, Battaia, Fabrizio Arrigoni, Barrado, David, Bejar, Víctor J. S., Boffin, Henri M. J., Bouy, Herve, Burgasser, Adam, Esteban, Cesar, Lodieu, Nicolas, Calderón, María Morales, Garrido, Antonio Pérez, Gil, Pablo Rodríguez, Carracedo, Ana Sagués, García, Miguel Santander, Solano, Enrique, Torres, Manuel A. P., Wesson, Roger, Prada, Francisco, Content, Robert, Goobar, Ariel, Izzo, Luca, Pérez, Enrique, Agnello, Adriano, del Burgo, Carlos, Dhillon, Vik, Diego, José M., Galbany, Lluis, García-Rojas, Jorge, Jones, David, Lawrence, Jon, Martín, Eduardo, Mediavilla, Evencio, García, M. Ángeles Pérez, Almeida, Jorge Sánchez, Pulido, José A. Acosta, López-Sánchez, Angel R., Arribas, Santiago, Carrera, Francisco J., Corral, Amalia, Domínguez, Inmaculada, Mateos, Silvia, Nuñez, Silvia Martínez, Villaver, Eva, Osorio, María Rosa Zapatero, Albertus, Conrado, Battaia, Fabrizio Arrigoni, Barrado, David, Bejar, Víctor J. S., Boffin, Henri M. J., Bouy, Herve, Burgasser, Adam, Esteban, Cesar, Lodieu, Nicolas, Calderón, María Morales, Garrido, Antonio Pérez, Gil, Pablo Rodríguez, Carracedo, Ana Sagués, García, Miguel Santander, Solano, Enrique, Torres, Manuel A. P., and Wesson, Roger
Abstract: MAAT is proposed as a visitor mirror-slicer optical system that will allow the OSIRIS spectrograph on the 10.4-m Gran telescopio CANARIAS (GTC) the capability to perform Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS) over a seeing-limited FoV 14.20''x10'' with a slice width of 0.303''. MAAT@GTC will enhance the resolution power of OSIRIS by 1.6 times as compared to its 0.6'' wide long-slit. All the eleven OSIRIS grisms and volume-phase holographic gratings will be available to provide broad spectral coverage with moderate resolution (R=600 up to 4100) in the 3600 - 10000 {\AA} wavelength range. MAAT unique observing capabilities will broaden its use to the needs of the GTC community to unveil the nature of most striking phenomena in the universe well beyond time-domain astronomy. The GTC equipped with OSIRIS+MAAT will also play a fundamental role in synergy with other facilities, some of them operating on the northern ORM at La Palma. This White Paper presents the different aspects of MAAT@GTC - including scientific and technical specifications, outstanding science cases, and an outline of the instrument concept., Comment: 49 pages, 36 figures
Published: 2020

33. Are Type Ia Supernovae in Restframe $H$ Brighter in More Massive Galaxies?

Author: Ponder, Kara A., Wood-Vasey, W. Michael, Weyant, Anja, Barton, Nathan T., Galbany, Lluis, Liu, Shu, Garnavich, Peter, Matheson, Thomas, Ponder, Kara A., Wood-Vasey, W. Michael, Weyant, Anja, Barton, Nathan T., Galbany, Lluis, Liu, Shu, Garnavich, Peter, and Matheson, Thomas
Abstract: We analyze 143 Type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) observed in $H$ band (1.6-1.8 $\mu$m) and find SNeIa are intrinsically brighter in $H$-band with increasing host galaxy stellar mass. We find SNeIa in galaxies more massive than $10^{10.43} M_{\odot}$ are $0.13 \pm 0.04$ mag brighter in $H$ than SNeIa in less massive galaxies. The same set of SNeIa observed at optical wavelengths, after width-color-luminosity corrections, exhibit a $0.10 \pm 0.03$ mag offset in the Hubble residuals. We observe an outlier population ($|\Delta H_{\rm max}| > 0.5$ mag) in the $H$ band and show that removing the outlier population moves the mass threshold to $10^{10.65} M_{\odot}$ and reduces the step in $H$ band to $0.08 \pm 0.04$ mag, but the equivalent optical mass step is increased to $0.13 \pm 0.04$ mag. We conclude the outliers do not drive the brightness--host-mass correlation. Less massive galaxies preferentially host more higher-stretch SNeIa, which are intrinsically brighter and bluer. It is only after correction for width-luminosity and color-luminosity relationships that SNeIa have brighter optical Hubble residuals in more massive galaxies. Thus finding SNeIa are intrinsically brighter in $H$ in more massive galaxies is an opposite correlation to the intrinsic (pre-width-luminosity correction) optical brightness. If dust and the treatment of intrinsic color variation were the main driver of the host galaxy mass correlation, we would not expect a correlation of brighter $H$-band SNeIa in more massive galaxies., Comment: 54 pages, 21 Figures, 15 Tables. Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2020
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34. Active learning with RESSPECT: Resource allocation for extragalactic astronomical transients

Author: Kennamer, Noble, Ishida, Emille E. O., Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, de Souza, Rafael S., Ihler, Alexander, Ponder, Kara, Vilalta, Ricardo, Moller, Anais, Jones, David O., Dai, Mi, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Quint, Bruno, Sreejith, Sreevarsha, Malz, Alex I., Galbany, Lluis, Kennamer, Noble, Ishida, Emille E. O., Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, de Souza, Rafael S., Ihler, Alexander, Ponder, Kara, Vilalta, Ricardo, Moller, Anais, Jones, David O., Dai, Mi, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Quint, Bruno, Sreejith, Sreevarsha, Malz, Alex I., and Galbany, Lluis
Abstract: The recent increase in volume and complexity of available astronomical data has led to a wide use of supervised machine learning techniques. Active learning strategies have been proposed as an alternative to optimize the distribution of scarce labeling resources. However, due to the specific conditions in which labels can be acquired, fundamental assumptions, such as sample representativeness and labeling cost stability cannot be fulfilled. The Recommendation System for Spectroscopic follow-up (RESSPECT) project aims to enable the construction of optimized training samples for the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), taking into account a realistic description of the astronomical data environment. In this work, we test the robustness of active learning techniques in a realistic simulated astronomical data scenario. Our experiment takes into account the evolution of training and pool samples, different costs per object, and two different sources of budget. Results show that traditional active learning strategies significantly outperform random sampling. Nevertheless, more complex batch strategies are not able to significantly overcome simple uncertainty sampling techniques. Our findings illustrate three important points: 1) active learning strategies are a powerful tool to optimize the label-acquisition task in astronomy, 2) for upcoming large surveys like LSST, such techniques allow us to tailor the construction of the training sample for the first day of the survey, and 3) the peculiar data environment related to the detection of astronomical transients is a fertile ground that calls for the development of tailored machine learning algorithms., Comment: Accepted to the 2020 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence
Published: 2020

35. Active learning with RESSPECT: Resource allocation for extragalactic astronomical transients

Author: Kennamer, Noble, Ishida, Emille E. O., Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, de Souza, Rafael S., Ihler, Alexander, Ponder, Kara, Vilalta, Ricardo, Moller, Anais, Jones, David O., Dai, Mi, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Quint, Bruno, Sreejith, Sreevarsha, Malz, Alex I., Galbany, Lluis, Kennamer, Noble, Ishida, Emille E. O., Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, de Souza, Rafael S., Ihler, Alexander, Ponder, Kara, Vilalta, Ricardo, Moller, Anais, Jones, David O., Dai, Mi, Krone-Martins, Alberto, Quint, Bruno, Sreejith, Sreevarsha, Malz, Alex I., and Galbany, Lluis
Abstract: The recent increase in volume and complexity of available astronomical data has led to a wide use of supervised machine learning techniques. Active learning strategies have been proposed as an alternative to optimize the distribution of scarce labeling resources. However, due to the specific conditions in which labels can be acquired, fundamental assumptions, such as sample representativeness and labeling cost stability cannot be fulfilled. The Recommendation System for Spectroscopic follow-up (RESSPECT) project aims to enable the construction of optimized training samples for the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), taking into account a realistic description of the astronomical data environment. In this work, we test the robustness of active learning techniques in a realistic simulated astronomical data scenario. Our experiment takes into account the evolution of training and pool samples, different costs per object, and two different sources of budget. Results show that traditional active learning strategies significantly outperform random sampling. Nevertheless, more complex batch strategies are not able to significantly overcome simple uncertainty sampling techniques. Our findings illustrate three important points: 1) active learning strategies are a powerful tool to optimize the label-acquisition task in astronomy, 2) for upcoming large surveys like LSST, such techniques allow us to tailor the construction of the training sample for the first day of the survey, and 3) the peculiar data environment related to the detection of astronomical transients is a fertile ground that calls for the development of tailored machine learning algorithms., Comment: Accepted to the 2020 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence
Published: 2020

36. Constraints on the rate of supernovae lasting for more than a year from Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam

Author: Moriya, Takashi J., Jiang, Ji-an, Yasuda, Naoki, Kokubo, Mitsuru, Kawana, Kojiro, Maeda, Keiichi, Pan, Yen-Chen, Quimby, Robert M., Suzuki, Nao, Takahashi, Ichiro, Tanaka, Masaomi, Tominaga, Nozomu, Nomoto, Ken'ichi, Cooke, Jeff, Galbany, Lluis, Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Lee, Chien-Hsiu, Pignata, Giuliano, Moriya, Takashi J., Jiang, Ji-an, Yasuda, Naoki, Kokubo, Mitsuru, Kawana, Kojiro, Maeda, Keiichi, Pan, Yen-Chen, Quimby, Robert M., Suzuki, Nao, Takahashi, Ichiro, Tanaka, Masaomi, Tominaga, Nozomu, Nomoto, Ken'ichi, Cooke, Jeff, Galbany, Lluis, Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Lee, Chien-Hsiu, and Pignata, Giuliano
Abstract: Some supernovae such as pair-instability supernovae are predicted to have the duration of more than a year in the observer frame. To constrain the rates of supernovae lasting for more than a year, we conducted a long-term deep transient survey using Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) on the 8.2m Subaru telescope. HSC is a wide-field (a 1.75 deg2 field-of-view) camera and it can efficiently conduct transient surveys. We observed the same 1.75 deg2 field repeatedly using the g, r, i, and z band filters with the typical depth of 26 mag for 4 seasons (from late 2016 to early 2020). Using these data, we searched for transients lasting for more than a year. Two supernovae were detected in 2 continuous seasons, one supernova was detected in 3 continuous seasons, but no transients lasted for all 4 seasons searched. The discovery rate of supernovae lasting for more than a year with the typical limiting magnitudes of 26 mag is constrained to be 1.4^{+1.3}_{-0.7}(stat.)^{+0.2}_{-0.3}(sys.) events deg-2 yr-1. All the long-lasting supernovae we found are likely Type IIn supernovae and our results indicate that about 40% of Type IIn supernovae have long-lasting light curves. No plausible pair-instability supernova candidates lasting for more than a year are discovered. By comparing the survey results and survey simulations, we constrain the luminous pair-instability supernova rate up to z ~ 3 should be of the order of 100 Gpc-3 yr-1 at most, which is 0.01 - 0.1 per cent of the core-collapse supernova rate., Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2020
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37. Direct evidence of two-component ejecta in supernova 2016gkg from nebular spectroscopy

Author: Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo, Folatelli, Gaston, Maeda, Keiichi, Dessart, Luc, Jerkstrand, Anders, Anderson, Joseph P., Aoki, Kentaro, Bersten, Melina C., Ferrari, Lucia, Galbany, Lluis, Garcia, Federico, Gutierrez, Claudia P., Hattori, Takashi, Kawabata, Koji S., Kravtsov, Timo, Lyman, Joseph D., Mattila, Seppo, E., Felipe Olivares, Sanchez, Sebastian F., Van Dyk, Schuyler D., Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo, Folatelli, Gaston, Maeda, Keiichi, Dessart, Luc, Jerkstrand, Anders, Anderson, Joseph P., Aoki, Kentaro, Bersten, Melina C., Ferrari, Lucia, Galbany, Lluis, Garcia, Federico, Gutierrez, Claudia P., Hattori, Takashi, Kawabata, Koji S., Kravtsov, Timo, Lyman, Joseph D., Mattila, Seppo, E., Felipe Olivares, Sanchez, Sebastian F., and Van Dyk, Schuyler D.
Abstract: Spectral observations of the type-IIb supernova (SN) 2016gkg at 300-800 days are reported. The spectra show nebular characteristics, revealing emission from the progenitor star's metal-rich core and providing clues to the kinematics and physical conditions of the explosion. The nebular spectra are dominated by emission lines of [O I] $\lambda\lambda6300, 6364$ and [Ca II] $\lambda\lambda7292, 7324$. Other notable, albeit weaker, emission lines include Mg I] $\lambda4571$, [Fe II] $\lambda7155$, O I $\lambda7774$, Ca II triplet, and a broad, boxy feature at the location of H$\alpha$. Unlike in other stripped-envelope SNe, the [O I] doublet is clearly resolved due to the presence of strong narrow components. The doublet shows an unprecedented emission line profile consisting of at least three components for each [O I]$\lambda6300, 6364$ line: a broad component (width $\sim2000$ km s$^{-1}$), and a pair of narrow blue and red components (width $\sim300$ km s$^{-1}$) mirrored against the rest velocity. The narrow component appears also in other lines, and is conspicuous in [O I]. This indicates the presence of multiple distinct kinematic components of material at low and high velocities. The low-velocity components are likely to be produced by a dense, slow-moving emitting region near the center, while the broad components are emitted over a larger volume. These observations suggest an asymmetric explosion, supporting the idea of two-component ejecta that influence the resulting late-time spectra and light curves. SN 2016gkg thus presents striking evidence for significant asymmetry in a standard-energy SN explosion. The presence of material at low velocity, which is not predicted in 1D simulations, emphasizes the importance of multi-dimensional explosion modeling of SNe., Comment: 20 pages, 11 figures, accepted to ApJ
Published: 2020
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38. Are Type Ia Supernovae in Restframe $H$ Brighter in More Massive Galaxies?

Author: Ponder, Kara A., Wood-Vasey, W. Michael, Weyant, Anja, Barton, Nathan T., Galbany, Lluis, Liu, Shu, Garnavich, Peter, Matheson, Thomas, Ponder, Kara A., Wood-Vasey, W. Michael, Weyant, Anja, Barton, Nathan T., Galbany, Lluis, Liu, Shu, Garnavich, Peter, and Matheson, Thomas
Abstract: We analyze 143 Type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) observed in $H$ band (1.6-1.8 $\mu$m) and find SNeIa are intrinsically brighter in $H$-band with increasing host galaxy stellar mass. We find SNeIa in galaxies more massive than $10^{10.43} M_{\odot}$ are $0.13 \pm 0.04$ mag brighter in $H$ than SNeIa in less massive galaxies. The same set of SNeIa observed at optical wavelengths, after width-color-luminosity corrections, exhibit a $0.10 \pm 0.03$ mag offset in the Hubble residuals. We observe an outlier population ($|\Delta H_{\rm max}| > 0.5$ mag) in the $H$ band and show that removing the outlier population moves the mass threshold to $10^{10.65} M_{\odot}$ and reduces the step in $H$ band to $0.08 \pm 0.04$ mag, but the equivalent optical mass step is increased to $0.13 \pm 0.04$ mag. We conclude the outliers do not drive the brightness--host-mass correlation. Less massive galaxies preferentially host more higher-stretch SNeIa, which are intrinsically brighter and bluer. It is only after correction for width-luminosity and color-luminosity relationships that SNeIa have brighter optical Hubble residuals in more massive galaxies. Thus finding SNeIa are intrinsically brighter in $H$ in more massive galaxies is an opposite correlation to the intrinsic (pre-width-luminosity correction) optical brightness. If dust and the treatment of intrinsic color variation were the main driver of the host galaxy mass correlation, we would not expect a correlation of brighter $H$-band SNeIa in more massive galaxies., Comment: 54 pages, 21 Figures, 15 Tables. Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2020
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39. White Paper on MAAT@GTC

Author: Prada, Francisco, Content, Robert, Goobar, Ariel, Izzo, Luca, Pérez, Enrique, Agnello, Adriano, del Burgo, Carlos, Dhillon, Vik, Diego, José M., Galbany, Lluis, García-Rojas, Jorge, Jones, David, Lawrence, Jon, Martín, Eduardo, Mediavilla, Evencio, García, M. Ángeles Pérez, Almeida, Jorge Sánchez, Pulido, José A. Acosta, López-Sánchez, Angel R., Arribas, Santiago, Carrera, Francisco J., Corral, Amalia, Domínguez, Inmaculada, Mateos, Silvia, Nuñez, Silvia Martínez, Villaver, Eva, Osorio, María Rosa Zapatero, Albertus, Conrado, Battaia, Fabrizio Arrigoni, Barrado, David, Bejar, Víctor J. S., Boffin, Henri M. J., Bouy, Herve, Burgasser, Adam, Esteban, Cesar, Lodieu, Nicolas, Calderón, María Morales, Garrido, Antonio Pérez, Gil, Pablo Rodríguez, Carracedo, Ana Sagués, García, Miguel Santander, Solano, Enrique, Torres, Manuel A. P., Wesson, Roger, Prada, Francisco, Content, Robert, Goobar, Ariel, Izzo, Luca, Pérez, Enrique, Agnello, Adriano, del Burgo, Carlos, Dhillon, Vik, Diego, José M., Galbany, Lluis, García-Rojas, Jorge, Jones, David, Lawrence, Jon, Martín, Eduardo, Mediavilla, Evencio, García, M. Ángeles Pérez, Almeida, Jorge Sánchez, Pulido, José A. Acosta, López-Sánchez, Angel R., Arribas, Santiago, Carrera, Francisco J., Corral, Amalia, Domínguez, Inmaculada, Mateos, Silvia, Nuñez, Silvia Martínez, Villaver, Eva, Osorio, María Rosa Zapatero, Albertus, Conrado, Battaia, Fabrizio Arrigoni, Barrado, David, Bejar, Víctor J. S., Boffin, Henri M. J., Bouy, Herve, Burgasser, Adam, Esteban, Cesar, Lodieu, Nicolas, Calderón, María Morales, Garrido, Antonio Pérez, Gil, Pablo Rodríguez, Carracedo, Ana Sagués, García, Miguel Santander, Solano, Enrique, Torres, Manuel A. P., and Wesson, Roger
Abstract: MAAT is proposed as a visitor mirror-slicer optical system that will allow the OSIRIS spectrograph on the 10.4-m Gran telescopio CANARIAS (GTC) the capability to perform Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS) over a seeing-limited FoV 14.20''x10'' with a slice width of 0.303''. MAAT@GTC will enhance the resolution power of OSIRIS by 1.6 times as compared to its 0.6'' wide long-slit. All the eleven OSIRIS grisms and volume-phase holographic gratings will be available to provide broad spectral coverage with moderate resolution (R=600 up to 4100) in the 3600 - 10000 {\AA} wavelength range. MAAT unique observing capabilities will broaden its use to the needs of the GTC community to unveil the nature of most striking phenomena in the universe well beyond time-domain astronomy. The GTC equipped with OSIRIS+MAAT will also play a fundamental role in synergy with other facilities, some of them operating on the northern ORM at La Palma. This White Paper presents the different aspects of MAAT@GTC - including scientific and technical specifications, outstanding science cases, and an outline of the instrument concept., Comment: 49 pages, 36 figures
Published: 2020

40. The spectral evolution of AT 2018DYB and the presence of metal lines in tidal disruption events

Author: Leloudas, Giorgos, Dai, Lixin, Arcavi, Iair, Vreeswijk, Paul M., Mockler, Brenna, Roy, Rupak, Malesani, Daniele Bjørn, Schulze, Steve, Wevers, Thomas, Fraser, Morgan, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Auchettl, Katie, Burke, Jamison, Cannizzaro, Giacomo, Charalampopoulos, Panos, Chen, Ting-Wan, Cikota, Aleksandar, Della Valle, Massimo, Galbany, Lluis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Heintz, Kasper E., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Jonker, Peter G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Zuzanna, Maguire, Kate, Mandel, Ilya, Onori, Francesca, Roth, Nathaniel, Smartt, Stephen J., Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Young, Dave R., Leloudas, Giorgos, Dai, Lixin, Arcavi, Iair, Vreeswijk, Paul M., Mockler, Brenna, Roy, Rupak, Malesani, Daniele Bjørn, Schulze, Steve, Wevers, Thomas, Fraser, Morgan, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Auchettl, Katie, Burke, Jamison, Cannizzaro, Giacomo, Charalampopoulos, Panos, Chen, Ting-Wan, Cikota, Aleksandar, Della Valle, Massimo, Galbany, Lluis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Heintz, Kasper E., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Jonker, Peter G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Zuzanna, Maguire, Kate, Mandel, Ilya, Onori, Francesca, Roth, Nathaniel, Smartt, Stephen J., Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, and Young, Dave R.
Abstract: We present light curves and spectra of the tidal disruption event (TDE) ASASSN-18pg / AT 2018dyb spanning a period of seven months. The event shows a plethora of strong emission lines, including the Balmer series, He II, He I and metal lines of O III λ3760 and N III λλ 4100 and 4640. The latter lines are consistent with originating from the Bowen fluorescence mechanism. By analyzing literature spectra of past events, we conclude that these lines are common in TDEs. The spectral diversity of optical TDEs is thus larger than previously thought and includes N-rich besides H- and He-rich events. We study how the spectral lines evolve with time, by means of their width, relative strength and velocity offsets. The velocity width of the lines starts at ~ 12,000 km s−1 and decreases with time. The ratio of Hα to Hβ remains close to three, while the ratio of He II over N III increases with time. The same is true for ASASSN-14li, which has a very similar spectrum to AT 2018dyb but its lines are narrower by a factor of >2. High-resolution spectroscopy at maximum light does not reveal any narrow features that can be attributed to the TDE. By fitting the light curves of AT 2018dyb we estimate a mass of 4+5/−2×106M⊙ for the black hole and of 0.7+4/−0.6M⊙ for the disrupted star. The detection of strong Bowen lines in the optical spectrum is an indirect proof for extreme ultraviolet and (re-processed) X-ray radiation and favors an accretion origin for the TDE optical luminosity. A model where photons escape after multiple scatterings through a super-Eddington thick disk and its optically-thick wind, viewed at an angle close to the disk plane, is consistent with the observations. (Abridged)
Published: 2019

41. The Sixteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: First Release from the APOGEE-2 Southern Survey and Full Release of eBOSS Spectra

Author: Ahumada, Romina, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Almeida, Andres, Anders, Friedrich, Anderson, Scott F., Andrews, Brett H., Anguiano, Borja, Arcodia, Riccardo, Armengaud, Eric, Aubert, Marie, Avila, Santiago, Avila-Reese, Vladimir, Badenes, Carles, Balland, Christophe, Barger, Kat, Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K., Basu, Sarbani, Bautista, Julian, Beaton, Rachael L., Beers, Timothy C., Benavides, B. Izamar T., Bender, Chad F., Bernardi, Mariangela, Bershady, Matthew, Beutler, Florian, Bidin, Christian Moni, Bird, Jonathan, Bizyaev, Dmitry, Blanc, Guillermo A., Blanton, Michael R., Boquien, Mederic, Borissova, Jura, Bovy, Jo, Brandt, W. N., Brinkmann, Jonathan, Brownstein, Joel R., Bundy, Kevin, Bureau, Martin, Burgasser, Adam, Burtin, Etienne, Cano-Diaz, Mariana, Capasso, Raffaella, Cappellari, Michele, Carrera, Ricardo, Chabanier, Solene, Chaplin, William, Chapman, Michael, Cherinka, Brian, Chiappini, Cristina, Choi, Peter Doohyun, Chojnowski, S. Drew, Chung, Haeun, Clerc, Nicolas, Coffey, Damien, Comerford, Julia M., Comparat, Johan, da Costa, Luiz, Cousinou, Marie-Claude, Covey, Kevin, Crane, Jeffrey D., Cunha, Katia, Ilha, Gabriele da Silva, Dai, Yu Sophia, Damsted, Sanna B., Darling, Jeremy, Davidson Jr., James W., Davies, Roger, Dawson, Kyle, De, Nikhil, de la Macorra, Axel, De Lee, Nathan, Queiroz, Anna Barbara de Andrade, Machado, Alice Deconto, de la Torre, Sylvain, Dell'Agli, Flavia, Bourboux, Helion du Mas des, Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M., Dillon, Sean, Donor, John, Drory, Niv, Duckworth, Chris, Dwelly, Tom, Ebelke, Garrett, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eigenbrot, Arthur Davis, Elsworth, Yvonne P., Eracleous, Mike, Erfanianfar, Ghazaleh, Escoffier, Stephanie, Fan, Xiaohui, Farr, Emily, Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G., Feuillet, Diane, Finoguenov, Alexis, Fofie, Patricia, Fraser-McKelvie, Amelia, Frinchaboy, Peter M., Fromenteau, Sebastien, Fu, Hai, Galbany, Lluis, Garcia, Rafael A., Garcia-Hernandez, D. A., Oehmichen, Luis Alberto Garma, Ge, Junqiang, Maia, Marcio Antonio Geimba, Geisler, Doug, Gelfand, Joseph, Goddy, Julian, Goff, Jean-Marc Le, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Grabowski, Kathleen, Green, Paul, Grier, Catherine J., Guo, Hong, Guy, Julien, Harding, Paul, Hasselquist, Sten, Hawken, Adam James, Hayes, Christian R., Hearty, Fred, Hekker, S., Hogg, David W., Holtzman, Jon, Horta, Danny, Hou, Jiamin, Hsieh, Bau-Ching, Huber, Daniel, Hunt, Jason A. S., Chitham, J. Ider, Imig, Julie, Jaber, Mariana, Angel, Camilo Eduardo Jimenez, Johnson, Jennifer A., Jones, Amy M., Jonsson, Henrik, Jullo, Eric, Kim, Yerim, Kinemuchi, Karen, Kirkpatrick IV, Charles C., Kite, George W., Klaene, Mark, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kollmeier, Juna A., Kong, Hui, Kounkel, Marina, Krishnarao, Dhanesh, Lacerna, Ivan, Lan, Ting-Wen, Lane, Richard R., Law, David R., Leung, Henry W., Lewis, Hannah, Li, Cheng, Lian, Jianhui, Lin, Lihwai, Long, Dan, Longa-Pena, Penelope, Lundgren, Britt, Lyke, Brad W., Mackereth, J. Ted, MacLeod, Chelsea L., Majewski, Steven R., Manchado, Arturo, Maraston, Claudia, Martini, Paul, Masseron, Thomas, Masters, Karen L., Mathur, Savita, McDermid, Richard M., Merloni, Andrea, Merrifield, Michael, Meszaros, Szabolcs, Miglio, Andrea, Minniti, Dante, Minsley, Rebecca, Miyaji, Takamitsu, Mohammad, Faizan Gohar, Mosser, Benoit, Mueller, Eva-Maria, Muna, Demitri, Munoz-Gutierrez, Andrea, Myers, Adam D., Nadathur, Seshadri, Nair, Preethi, Nandra, Kirpal, Nascimento, Janaina Correa do, Nevin, Rebecca Jean, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nidever, David L., Nitschelm, Christian, Noterdaeme, Pasquier, O'Connell, Julia E., Olmstead, Matthew D, Oravetz, Daniel, Oravetz, Audrey, Osorio, Yeisson, Pace, Zachary J., Padilla, Nelson, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Palicio, Pedro A., Pan, Hsi-An, Pan, Kaike, Parker, James, Paviot, Romain, Peirani, Sebastien, Ramrez, Karla Pena, Penny, Samantha, Percival, Will J., Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Perez-Rafols, Ignasi, Petitjean, Patrick, Pieri, Matthew M., Pinsonneault, Marc, Poovelil, Vijith Jacob, Povick, Joshua Tyler, Prakash, Abhishek, Price-Whelan, Adrian M., Raddick, M. Jordan, Raichoor, Anand, Ray, Amy, Rembold, Sandro Barboza, Rezaie, Mehdi, Riffel, Rogemar A., Riffel, Rogerio, Rix, Hans-Walter, Robin, Annie C., Roman-Lopes, A., Roman-Zuniga, Carlos, Rose, Benjamin, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Rowlands, Kate, Rubin, Kate H. R., Salvato, Mara, Sanchez, Ariel G., Sanchez-Menguiano, Laura, Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R., Sayres, Conor, Schaefer, Adam, Schiavon, Ricardo P., Schimoia, Jaderson S., Schlafly, Edward, Schlegel, David, Schneider, Donald P., Schultheis, Mathias, Schwope, Axel, Seo, Hee-Jong, Serenelli, Aldo, Shafieloo, Arman, Shamsi, Shoaib Jamal, Shao, Zhengyi, Shen, Shiyin, Shetrone, Matthew, Shirley, Raphael, Aguirre, Victor Silva, Simon, Joshua D., Skrutskie, M. F., Slosar, Anze, Smethurst, Rebecca, Sobeck, Jennifer, Sodi, Bernardo Cervantes, Souto, Diogo, Stark, David V., Stassun, Keivan G., Steinmetz, Matthias, Stello, Dennis, Stermer, Julianna, Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa, Streblyanska, Alina, Stringfellow, Guy S., Stutz, Amelia, Suarez, Genaro, Sun, Jing, Taghizadeh-Popp, Manuchehr, Talbot, Michael S., Tayar, Jamie, Thakar, Aniruddha R., Theriault, Riley, Thomas, Daniel, Thomas, Zak C., Tinker, Jeremy, Tojeiro, Rita, Toledo, Hector Hernandez, Tremonti, Christy A., Troup, Nicholas W., Tuttle, Sarah, Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo, Valentini, Marica, Vargas-Gonzalez, Jaime, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Vazquez-Mata, Jose Antonio, Vivek, M., Wake, David, Wang, Yuting, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, Weijmans, Anne-Marie, Wild, Vivienne, Wilson, John C., Wilson, Robert F., Wolthuis, Nathan, Wood-Vasey, W. M., Yan, Renbin, Yang, Meng, Yeche, Christophe, Zamora, Olga, Zarrouk, Pauline, Zasowski, Gail, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Cheng, Zhao, Gongbo, Zheng, Zheng, Zhu, Guangtun, Zou, Hu, Ahumada, Romina, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Almeida, Andres, Anders, Friedrich, Anderson, Scott F., Andrews, Brett H., Anguiano, Borja, Arcodia, Riccardo, Armengaud, Eric, Aubert, Marie, Avila, Santiago, Avila-Reese, Vladimir, Badenes, Carles, Balland, Christophe, Barger, Kat, Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K., Basu, Sarbani, Bautista, Julian, Beaton, Rachael L., Beers, Timothy C., Benavides, B. Izamar T., Bender, Chad F., Bernardi, Mariangela, Bershady, Matthew, Beutler, Florian, Bidin, Christian Moni, Bird, Jonathan, Bizyaev, Dmitry, Blanc, Guillermo A., Blanton, Michael R., Boquien, Mederic, Borissova, Jura, Bovy, Jo, Brandt, W. N., Brinkmann, Jonathan, Brownstein, Joel R., Bundy, Kevin, Bureau, Martin, Burgasser, Adam, Burtin, Etienne, Cano-Diaz, Mariana, Capasso, Raffaella, Cappellari, Michele, Carrera, Ricardo, Chabanier, Solene, Chaplin, William, Chapman, Michael, Cherinka, Brian, Chiappini, Cristina, Choi, Peter Doohyun, Chojnowski, S. Drew, Chung, Haeun, Clerc, Nicolas, Coffey, Damien, Comerford, Julia M., Comparat, Johan, da Costa, Luiz, Cousinou, Marie-Claude, Covey, Kevin, Crane, Jeffrey D., Cunha, Katia, Ilha, Gabriele da Silva, Dai, Yu Sophia, Damsted, Sanna B., Darling, Jeremy, Davidson Jr., James W., Davies, Roger, Dawson, Kyle, De, Nikhil, de la Macorra, Axel, De Lee, Nathan, Queiroz, Anna Barbara de Andrade, Machado, Alice Deconto, de la Torre, Sylvain, Dell'Agli, Flavia, Bourboux, Helion du Mas des, Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M., Dillon, Sean, Donor, John, Drory, Niv, Duckworth, Chris, Dwelly, Tom, Ebelke, Garrett, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eigenbrot, Arthur Davis, Elsworth, Yvonne P., Eracleous, Mike, Erfanianfar, Ghazaleh, Escoffier, Stephanie, Fan, Xiaohui, Farr, Emily, Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G., Feuillet, Diane, Finoguenov, Alexis, Fofie, Patricia, Fraser-McKelvie, Amelia, Frinchaboy, Peter M., Fromenteau, Sebastien, Fu, Hai, Galbany, Lluis, Garcia, Rafael A., Garcia-Hernandez, D. A., Oehmichen, Luis Alberto Garma, Ge, Junqiang, Maia, Marcio Antonio Geimba, Geisler, Doug, Gelfand, Joseph, Goddy, Julian, Goff, Jean-Marc Le, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Grabowski, Kathleen, Green, Paul, Grier, Catherine J., Guo, Hong, Guy, Julien, Harding, Paul, Hasselquist, Sten, Hawken, Adam James, Hayes, Christian R., Hearty, Fred, Hekker, S., Hogg, David W., Holtzman, Jon, Horta, Danny, Hou, Jiamin, Hsieh, Bau-Ching, Huber, Daniel, Hunt, Jason A. S., Chitham, J. Ider, Imig, Julie, Jaber, Mariana, Angel, Camilo Eduardo Jimenez, Johnson, Jennifer A., Jones, Amy M., Jonsson, Henrik, Jullo, Eric, Kim, Yerim, Kinemuchi, Karen, Kirkpatrick IV, Charles C., Kite, George W., Klaene, Mark, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kollmeier, Juna A., Kong, Hui, Kounkel, Marina, Krishnarao, Dhanesh, Lacerna, Ivan, Lan, Ting-Wen, Lane, Richard R., Law, David R., Leung, Henry W., Lewis, Hannah, Li, Cheng, Lian, Jianhui, Lin, Lihwai, Long, Dan, Longa-Pena, Penelope, Lundgren, Britt, Lyke, Brad W., Mackereth, J. Ted, MacLeod, Chelsea L., Majewski, Steven R., Manchado, Arturo, Maraston, Claudia, Martini, Paul, Masseron, Thomas, Masters, Karen L., Mathur, Savita, McDermid, Richard M., Merloni, Andrea, Merrifield, Michael, Meszaros, Szabolcs, Miglio, Andrea, Minniti, Dante, Minsley, Rebecca, Miyaji, Takamitsu, Mohammad, Faizan Gohar, Mosser, Benoit, Mueller, Eva-Maria, Muna, Demitri, Munoz-Gutierrez, Andrea, Myers, Adam D., Nadathur, Seshadri, Nair, Preethi, Nandra, Kirpal, Nascimento, Janaina Correa do, Nevin, Rebecca Jean, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nidever, David L., Nitschelm, Christian, Noterdaeme, Pasquier, O'Connell, Julia E., Olmstead, Matthew D, Oravetz, Daniel, Oravetz, Audrey, Osorio, Yeisson, Pace, Zachary J., Padilla, Nelson, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Palicio, Pedro A., Pan, Hsi-An, Pan, Kaike, Parker, James, Paviot, Romain, Peirani, Sebastien, Ramrez, Karla Pena, Penny, Samantha, Percival, Will J., Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Perez-Rafols, Ignasi, Petitjean, Patrick, Pieri, Matthew M., Pinsonneault, Marc, Poovelil, Vijith Jacob, Povick, Joshua Tyler, Prakash, Abhishek, Price-Whelan, Adrian M., Raddick, M. Jordan, Raichoor, Anand, Ray, Amy, Rembold, Sandro Barboza, Rezaie, Mehdi, Riffel, Rogemar A., Riffel, Rogerio, Rix, Hans-Walter, Robin, Annie C., Roman-Lopes, A., Roman-Zuniga, Carlos, Rose, Benjamin, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Rowlands, Kate, Rubin, Kate H. R., Salvato, Mara, Sanchez, Ariel G., Sanchez-Menguiano, Laura, Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R., Sayres, Conor, Schaefer, Adam, Schiavon, Ricardo P., Schimoia, Jaderson S., Schlafly, Edward, Schlegel, David, Schneider, Donald P., Schultheis, Mathias, Schwope, Axel, Seo, Hee-Jong, Serenelli, Aldo, Shafieloo, Arman, Shamsi, Shoaib Jamal, Shao, Zhengyi, Shen, Shiyin, Shetrone, Matthew, Shirley, Raphael, Aguirre, Victor Silva, Simon, Joshua D., Skrutskie, M. F., Slosar, Anze, Smethurst, Rebecca, Sobeck, Jennifer, Sodi, Bernardo Cervantes, Souto, Diogo, Stark, David V., Stassun, Keivan G., Steinmetz, Matthias, Stello, Dennis, Stermer, Julianna, Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa, Streblyanska, Alina, Stringfellow, Guy S., Stutz, Amelia, Suarez, Genaro, Sun, Jing, Taghizadeh-Popp, Manuchehr, Talbot, Michael S., Tayar, Jamie, Thakar, Aniruddha R., Theriault, Riley, Thomas, Daniel, Thomas, Zak C., Tinker, Jeremy, Tojeiro, Rita, Toledo, Hector Hernandez, Tremonti, Christy A., Troup, Nicholas W., Tuttle, Sarah, Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo, Valentini, Marica, Vargas-Gonzalez, Jaime, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Vazquez-Mata, Jose Antonio, Vivek, M., Wake, David, Wang, Yuting, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, Weijmans, Anne-Marie, Wild, Vivienne, Wilson, John C., Wilson, Robert F., Wolthuis, Nathan, Wood-Vasey, W. M., Yan, Renbin, Yang, Meng, Yeche, Christophe, Zamora, Olga, Zarrouk, Pauline, Zasowski, Gail, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Cheng, Zhao, Gongbo, Zheng, Zheng, Zhu, Guangtun, and Zou, Hu
Abstract: This paper documents the sixteenth data release (DR16) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fourth and penultimate from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). This is the first release of data from the southern hemisphere survey of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2); new data from APOGEE-2 North are also included. DR16 is also notable as the final data release for the main cosmological program of the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), and all raw and reduced spectra from that project are released here. DR16 also includes all the data from the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS) and new data from the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Survey (SPIDERS) programs, both of which were co-observed on eBOSS plates. DR16 has no new data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey (or the MaNGA Stellar Library "MaStar"). We also preview future SDSS-V operations (due to start in 2020), and summarize plans for the final SDSS-IV data release (DR17)., Comment: DR16 release: Monday Dec 9th 2019. This is the alphabetical order SDSS-IV collaboration data release paper. 25 pages, 6 figures, accepted by ApJS on 11th May 2020. Minor changes clarify or improve text and figures relative to v1
Published: 2019
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42. HSC16aayt: Slowly evolving interacting transient rising for more than 100 days

Author: Moriya, Takashi J., Tanaka, Masaomi, Morokuma, Tomoki, Pan, Yen-Chen, Quimby, Robert M., Jiang, Ji-an, Kawana, Kojiro, Maeda, Keiichi, Nomoto, Ken'ichi, Suzuki, Nao, Takahashi, Ichiro, Tanaka, Masayuki, Tominaga, Nozomu, Yamaguchi, Masaki, Yasuda, Naoki, Cooke, Jeff, Curtin, Chris, Galbany, Lluis, Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Lee, Chien-Hsiu, Pignata, Giuliano, Pritchard, Tyler, Moriya, Takashi J., Tanaka, Masaomi, Morokuma, Tomoki, Pan, Yen-Chen, Quimby, Robert M., Jiang, Ji-an, Kawana, Kojiro, Maeda, Keiichi, Nomoto, Ken'ichi, Suzuki, Nao, Takahashi, Ichiro, Tanaka, Masayuki, Tominaga, Nozomu, Yamaguchi, Masaki, Yasuda, Naoki, Cooke, Jeff, Curtin, Chris, Galbany, Lluis, Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Lee, Chien-Hsiu, Pignata, Giuliano, and Pritchard, Tyler
Abstract: We report our observations of HSC16aayt (SN 2016jiu), which was discovered by the Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) transient survey conducted as part of Subaru Strategic Program (SSP). It shows very slow photometric evolution and its rise time is more than 100 days. The optical magnitude change in 400 days remains within 0.6 mag. Spectra of HSC16aayt show a strong narrow emission line and we classify it as a Type IIn supernova. The redshift of HSC16aayt is 0.6814 +/- 0.0002 from the spectra. Its host galaxy center is at 5 kpc from the supernova location and HSC16aayt might be another example of isolated Type IIn supernovae, although the possible existence of underlying star forming activity of the host galaxy at the supernova location is not excluded., Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2019
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43. The spectral evolution of AT 2018dyb and the presence of metal lines in tidal disruption events

Author: Leloudas, Giorgos, Dai, Lixin, Arcavi, Iair, Vreeswijk, Paul M., Mockler, Brenna, Roy, Rupak, Malesani, Daniele B., Schulze, Steve, Wevers, Thomas, Fraser, Morgan, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Auchettl, Katie, Burke, Jamison, Cannizzaro, Giacomo, Charalampopoulos, Panos, Chen, Ting-Wan, Cikota, Aleksandar, Della Valle, Massimo, Galbany, Lluis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Heintz, Kasper E., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Jonker, Peter G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Zuzanna, Maguire, Kate, Mandel, Ilya, Onori, Francesca, Nicholl, Matt, Roth, Nathaniel, Smartt, Stephen J., Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Young, Dave R., Leloudas, Giorgos, Dai, Lixin, Arcavi, Iair, Vreeswijk, Paul M., Mockler, Brenna, Roy, Rupak, Malesani, Daniele B., Schulze, Steve, Wevers, Thomas, Fraser, Morgan, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Auchettl, Katie, Burke, Jamison, Cannizzaro, Giacomo, Charalampopoulos, Panos, Chen, Ting-Wan, Cikota, Aleksandar, Della Valle, Massimo, Galbany, Lluis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Heintz, Kasper E., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Jonker, Peter G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Zuzanna, Maguire, Kate, Mandel, Ilya, Onori, Francesca, Nicholl, Matt, Roth, Nathaniel, Smartt, Stephen J., Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, and Young, Dave R.
Abstract: We present light curves and spectra of the tidal disruption event (TDE) ASASSN-18pg / AT 2018dyb spanning a period of one year. The event shows a plethora of strong emission lines, including the Balmer series, He II, He I and metal lines of O III $\lambda$3760 and N III $\lambda\lambda$ 4100, 4640 (blended with He II). The latter lines are consistent with originating from the Bowen fluorescence mechanism. By analyzing literature spectra of past events, we conclude that these lines are common in TDEs. The spectral diversity of optical TDEs is thus larger than previously thought and includes N-rich events besides H- and He-rich events. We study how the spectral lines evolve with time, by means of their width, relative strength, and velocity offsets. The velocity width of the lines starts at $\sim$ 13000 km s$^{-1}$ and decreases with time. The ratio of He II to N III increases with time. The same is true for ASASSN-14li, which has a very similar spectrum to AT 2018dyb but its lines are narrower by a factor of $>$2. We estimate a black hole mass of $M_{\rm BH}$ = $3.3^{+5.0}_{-2.0}\times 10^6$ $M_{\odot}$ by using the $M$-$\sigma$ relation. This is consistent with the black hole mass derived using the MOSFiT transient fitting code. The detection of strong Bowen lines in the optical spectrum is an indirect proof for extreme ultraviolet and (reprocessed) X-ray radiation and favors an accretion origin for the TDE optical luminosity. A model where photons escape after multiple scatterings through a super-Eddington thick disk and its optically thick wind, viewed at an angle close to the disk plane, is consistent with the observations., Comment: Accepted version. Updated with new photometry and spectra, including an X-shooter spectrum used to determine the BH mass. Two more figures added and line measurements tabulated. No significant scientific updates and the conclusions remain unaffected
Published: 2019
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44. HSC16aayt: Slowly evolving interacting transient rising for more than 100 days

Author: Moriya, Takashi J., Tanaka, Masaomi, Morokuma, Tomoki, Pan, Yen-Chen, Quimby, Robert M., Jiang, Ji-an, Kawana, Kojiro, Maeda, Keiichi, Nomoto, Ken'ichi, Suzuki, Nao, Takahashi, Ichiro, Tanaka, Masayuki, Tominaga, Nozomu, Yamaguchi, Masaki, Yasuda, Naoki, Cooke, Jeff, Curtin, Chris, Galbany, Lluis, Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Lee, Chien-Hsiu, Pignata, Giuliano, Pritchard, Tyler, Moriya, Takashi J., Tanaka, Masaomi, Morokuma, Tomoki, Pan, Yen-Chen, Quimby, Robert M., Jiang, Ji-an, Kawana, Kojiro, Maeda, Keiichi, Nomoto, Ken'ichi, Suzuki, Nao, Takahashi, Ichiro, Tanaka, Masayuki, Tominaga, Nozomu, Yamaguchi, Masaki, Yasuda, Naoki, Cooke, Jeff, Curtin, Chris, Galbany, Lluis, Gonzalez-Gaitan, Santiago, Lee, Chien-Hsiu, Pignata, Giuliano, and Pritchard, Tyler
Abstract: We report our observations of HSC16aayt (SN 2016jiu), which was discovered by the Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) transient survey conducted as part of Subaru Strategic Program (SSP). It shows very slow photometric evolution and its rise time is more than 100 days. The optical magnitude change in 400 days remains within 0.6 mag. Spectra of HSC16aayt show a strong narrow emission line and we classify it as a Type IIn supernova. The redshift of HSC16aayt is 0.6814 +/- 0.0002 from the spectra. Its host galaxy center is at 5 kpc from the supernova location and HSC16aayt might be another example of isolated Type IIn supernovae, although the possible existence of underlying star forming activity of the host galaxy at the supernova location is not excluded., Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. The spectral evolution of AT 2018dyb and the presence of metal lines in tidal disruption events

Author: Leloudas, Giorgos, Dai, Lixin, Arcavi, Iair, Vreeswijk, Paul M., Mockler, Brenna, Roy, Rupak, Malesani, Daniele B., Schulze, Steve, Wevers, Thomas, Fraser, Morgan, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Auchettl, Katie, Burke, Jamison, Cannizzaro, Giacomo, Charalampopoulos, Panos, Chen, Ting-Wan, Cikota, Aleksandar, Della Valle, Massimo, Galbany, Lluis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Heintz, Kasper E., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Jonker, Peter G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Zuzanna, Maguire, Kate, Mandel, Ilya, Onori, Francesca, Nicholl, Matt, Roth, Nathaniel, Smartt, Stephen J., Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Young, Dave R., Leloudas, Giorgos, Dai, Lixin, Arcavi, Iair, Vreeswijk, Paul M., Mockler, Brenna, Roy, Rupak, Malesani, Daniele B., Schulze, Steve, Wevers, Thomas, Fraser, Morgan, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Auchettl, Katie, Burke, Jamison, Cannizzaro, Giacomo, Charalampopoulos, Panos, Chen, Ting-Wan, Cikota, Aleksandar, Della Valle, Massimo, Galbany, Lluis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Heintz, Kasper E., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Jonker, Peter G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Zuzanna, Maguire, Kate, Mandel, Ilya, Onori, Francesca, Nicholl, Matt, Roth, Nathaniel, Smartt, Stephen J., Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, and Young, Dave R.
Abstract: We present light curves and spectra of the tidal disruption event (TDE) ASASSN-18pg / AT 2018dyb spanning a period of one year. The event shows a plethora of strong emission lines, including the Balmer series, He II, He I and metal lines of O III $\lambda$3760 and N III $\lambda\lambda$ 4100, 4640 (blended with He II). The latter lines are consistent with originating from the Bowen fluorescence mechanism. By analyzing literature spectra of past events, we conclude that these lines are common in TDEs. The spectral diversity of optical TDEs is thus larger than previously thought and includes N-rich events besides H- and He-rich events. We study how the spectral lines evolve with time, by means of their width, relative strength, and velocity offsets. The velocity width of the lines starts at $\sim$ 13000 km s$^{-1}$ and decreases with time. The ratio of He II to N III increases with time. The same is true for ASASSN-14li, which has a very similar spectrum to AT 2018dyb but its lines are narrower by a factor of $>$2. We estimate a black hole mass of $M_{\rm BH}$ = $3.3^{+5.0}_{-2.0}\times 10^6$ $M_{\odot}$ by using the $M$-$\sigma$ relation. This is consistent with the black hole mass derived using the MOSFiT transient fitting code. The detection of strong Bowen lines in the optical spectrum is an indirect proof for extreme ultraviolet and (reprocessed) X-ray radiation and favors an accretion origin for the TDE optical luminosity. A model where photons escape after multiple scatterings through a super-Eddington thick disk and its optically thick wind, viewed at an angle close to the disk plane, is consistent with the observations., Comment: Accepted version. Updated with new photometry and spectra, including an X-shooter spectrum used to determine the BH mass. Two more figures added and line measurements tabulated. No significant scientific updates and the conclusions remain unaffected
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. The Sixteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: First Release from the APOGEE-2 Southern Survey and Full Release of eBOSS Spectra

Author: Ahumada, Romina, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Almeida, Andres, Anders, Friedrich, Anderson, Scott F., Andrews, Brett H., Anguiano, Borja, Arcodia, Riccardo, Armengaud, Eric, Aubert, Marie, Avila, Santiago, Avila-Reese, Vladimir, Badenes, Carles, Balland, Christophe, Barger, Kat, Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K., Basu, Sarbani, Bautista, Julian, Beaton, Rachael L., Beers, Timothy C., Benavides, B. Izamar T., Bender, Chad F., Bernardi, Mariangela, Bershady, Matthew, Beutler, Florian, Bidin, Christian Moni, Bird, Jonathan, Bizyaev, Dmitry, Blanc, Guillermo A., Blanton, Michael R., Boquien, Mederic, Borissova, Jura, Bovy, Jo, Brandt, W. N., Brinkmann, Jonathan, Brownstein, Joel R., Bundy, Kevin, Bureau, Martin, Burgasser, Adam, Burtin, Etienne, Cano-Diaz, Mariana, Capasso, Raffaella, Cappellari, Michele, Carrera, Ricardo, Chabanier, Solene, Chaplin, William, Chapman, Michael, Cherinka, Brian, Chiappini, Cristina, Choi, Peter Doohyun, Chojnowski, S. Drew, Chung, Haeun, Clerc, Nicolas, Coffey, Damien, Comerford, Julia M., Comparat, Johan, da Costa, Luiz, Cousinou, Marie-Claude, Covey, Kevin, Crane, Jeffrey D., Cunha, Katia, Ilha, Gabriele da Silva, Dai, Yu Sophia, Damsted, Sanna B., Darling, Jeremy, Davidson Jr., James W., Davies, Roger, Dawson, Kyle, De, Nikhil, de la Macorra, Axel, De Lee, Nathan, Queiroz, Anna Barbara de Andrade, Machado, Alice Deconto, de la Torre, Sylvain, Dell'Agli, Flavia, Bourboux, Helion du Mas des, Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M., Dillon, Sean, Donor, John, Drory, Niv, Duckworth, Chris, Dwelly, Tom, Ebelke, Garrett, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eigenbrot, Arthur Davis, Elsworth, Yvonne P., Eracleous, Mike, Erfanianfar, Ghazaleh, Escoffier, Stephanie, Fan, Xiaohui, Farr, Emily, Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G., Feuillet, Diane, Finoguenov, Alexis, Fofie, Patricia, Fraser-McKelvie, Amelia, Frinchaboy, Peter M., Fromenteau, Sebastien, Fu, Hai, Galbany, Lluis, Garcia, Rafael A., Garcia-Hernandez, D. A., Oehmichen, Luis Alberto Garma, Ge, Junqiang, Maia, Marcio Antonio Geimba, Geisler, Doug, Gelfand, Joseph, Goddy, Julian, Goff, Jean-Marc Le, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Grabowski, Kathleen, Green, Paul, Grier, Catherine J., Guo, Hong, Guy, Julien, Harding, Paul, Hasselquist, Sten, Hawken, Adam James, Hayes, Christian R., Hearty, Fred, Hekker, S., Hogg, David W., Holtzman, Jon, Horta, Danny, Hou, Jiamin, Hsieh, Bau-Ching, Huber, Daniel, Hunt, Jason A. S., Chitham, J. Ider, Imig, Julie, Jaber, Mariana, Angel, Camilo Eduardo Jimenez, Johnson, Jennifer A., Jones, Amy M., Jonsson, Henrik, Jullo, Eric, Kim, Yerim, Kinemuchi, Karen, Kirkpatrick IV, Charles C., Kite, George W., Klaene, Mark, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kollmeier, Juna A., Kong, Hui, Kounkel, Marina, Krishnarao, Dhanesh, Lacerna, Ivan, Lan, Ting-Wen, Lane, Richard R., Law, David R., Leung, Henry W., Lewis, Hannah, Li, Cheng, Lian, Jianhui, Lin, Lihwai, Long, Dan, Longa-Pena, Penelope, Lundgren, Britt, Lyke, Brad W., Mackereth, J. Ted, MacLeod, Chelsea L., Majewski, Steven R., Manchado, Arturo, Maraston, Claudia, Martini, Paul, Masseron, Thomas, Masters, Karen L., Mathur, Savita, McDermid, Richard M., Merloni, Andrea, Merrifield, Michael, Meszaros, Szabolcs, Miglio, Andrea, Minniti, Dante, Minsley, Rebecca, Miyaji, Takamitsu, Mohammad, Faizan Gohar, Mosser, Benoit, Mueller, Eva-Maria, Muna, Demitri, Munoz-Gutierrez, Andrea, Myers, Adam D., Nadathur, Seshadri, Nair, Preethi, Nandra, Kirpal, Nascimento, Janaina Correa do, Nevin, Rebecca Jean, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nidever, David L., Nitschelm, Christian, Noterdaeme, Pasquier, O'Connell, Julia E., Olmstead, Matthew D, Oravetz, Daniel, Oravetz, Audrey, Osorio, Yeisson, Pace, Zachary J., Padilla, Nelson, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Palicio, Pedro A., Pan, Hsi-An, Pan, Kaike, Parker, James, Paviot, Romain, Peirani, Sebastien, Ramrez, Karla Pena, Penny, Samantha, Percival, Will J., Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Perez-Rafols, Ignasi, Petitjean, Patrick, Pieri, Matthew M., Pinsonneault, Marc, Poovelil, Vijith Jacob, Povick, Joshua Tyler, Prakash, Abhishek, Price-Whelan, Adrian M., Raddick, M. Jordan, Raichoor, Anand, Ray, Amy, Rembold, Sandro Barboza, Rezaie, Mehdi, Riffel, Rogemar A., Riffel, Rogerio, Rix, Hans-Walter, Robin, Annie C., Roman-Lopes, A., Roman-Zuniga, Carlos, Rose, Benjamin, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Rowlands, Kate, Rubin, Kate H. R., Salvato, Mara, Sanchez, Ariel G., Sanchez-Menguiano, Laura, Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R., Sayres, Conor, Schaefer, Adam, Schiavon, Ricardo P., Schimoia, Jaderson S., Schlafly, Edward, Schlegel, David, Schneider, Donald P., Schultheis, Mathias, Schwope, Axel, Seo, Hee-Jong, Serenelli, Aldo, Shafieloo, Arman, Shamsi, Shoaib Jamal, Shao, Zhengyi, Shen, Shiyin, Shetrone, Matthew, Shirley, Raphael, Aguirre, Victor Silva, Simon, Joshua D., Skrutskie, M. F., Slosar, Anze, Smethurst, Rebecca, Sobeck, Jennifer, Sodi, Bernardo Cervantes, Souto, Diogo, Stark, David V., Stassun, Keivan G., Steinmetz, Matthias, Stello, Dennis, Stermer, Julianna, Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa, Streblyanska, Alina, Stringfellow, Guy S., Stutz, Amelia, Suarez, Genaro, Sun, Jing, Taghizadeh-Popp, Manuchehr, Talbot, Michael S., Tayar, Jamie, Thakar, Aniruddha R., Theriault, Riley, Thomas, Daniel, Thomas, Zak C., Tinker, Jeremy, Tojeiro, Rita, Toledo, Hector Hernandez, Tremonti, Christy A., Troup, Nicholas W., Tuttle, Sarah, Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo, Valentini, Marica, Vargas-Gonzalez, Jaime, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Vazquez-Mata, Jose Antonio, Vivek, M., Wake, David, Wang, Yuting, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, Weijmans, Anne-Marie, Wild, Vivienne, Wilson, John C., Wilson, Robert F., Wolthuis, Nathan, Wood-Vasey, W. M., Yan, Renbin, Yang, Meng, Yeche, Christophe, Zamora, Olga, Zarrouk, Pauline, Zasowski, Gail, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Cheng, Zhao, Gongbo, Zheng, Zheng, Zhu, Guangtun, Zou, Hu, Ahumada, Romina, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Almeida, Andres, Anders, Friedrich, Anderson, Scott F., Andrews, Brett H., Anguiano, Borja, Arcodia, Riccardo, Armengaud, Eric, Aubert, Marie, Avila, Santiago, Avila-Reese, Vladimir, Badenes, Carles, Balland, Christophe, Barger, Kat, Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K., Basu, Sarbani, Bautista, Julian, Beaton, Rachael L., Beers, Timothy C., Benavides, B. Izamar T., Bender, Chad F., Bernardi, Mariangela, Bershady, Matthew, Beutler, Florian, Bidin, Christian Moni, Bird, Jonathan, Bizyaev, Dmitry, Blanc, Guillermo A., Blanton, Michael R., Boquien, Mederic, Borissova, Jura, Bovy, Jo, Brandt, W. N., Brinkmann, Jonathan, Brownstein, Joel R., Bundy, Kevin, Bureau, Martin, Burgasser, Adam, Burtin, Etienne, Cano-Diaz, Mariana, Capasso, Raffaella, Cappellari, Michele, Carrera, Ricardo, Chabanier, Solene, Chaplin, William, Chapman, Michael, Cherinka, Brian, Chiappini, Cristina, Choi, Peter Doohyun, Chojnowski, S. Drew, Chung, Haeun, Clerc, Nicolas, Coffey, Damien, Comerford, Julia M., Comparat, Johan, da Costa, Luiz, Cousinou, Marie-Claude, Covey, Kevin, Crane, Jeffrey D., Cunha, Katia, Ilha, Gabriele da Silva, Dai, Yu Sophia, Damsted, Sanna B., Darling, Jeremy, Davidson Jr., James W., Davies, Roger, Dawson, Kyle, De, Nikhil, de la Macorra, Axel, De Lee, Nathan, Queiroz, Anna Barbara de Andrade, Machado, Alice Deconto, de la Torre, Sylvain, Dell'Agli, Flavia, Bourboux, Helion du Mas des, Diamond-Stanic, Aleksandar M., Dillon, Sean, Donor, John, Drory, Niv, Duckworth, Chris, Dwelly, Tom, Ebelke, Garrett, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eigenbrot, Arthur Davis, Elsworth, Yvonne P., Eracleous, Mike, Erfanianfar, Ghazaleh, Escoffier, Stephanie, Fan, Xiaohui, Farr, Emily, Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G., Feuillet, Diane, Finoguenov, Alexis, Fofie, Patricia, Fraser-McKelvie, Amelia, Frinchaboy, Peter M., Fromenteau, Sebastien, Fu, Hai, Galbany, Lluis, Garcia, Rafael A., Garcia-Hernandez, D. A., Oehmichen, Luis Alberto Garma, Ge, Junqiang, Maia, Marcio Antonio Geimba, Geisler, Doug, Gelfand, Joseph, Goddy, Julian, Goff, Jean-Marc Le, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Grabowski, Kathleen, Green, Paul, Grier, Catherine J., Guo, Hong, Guy, Julien, Harding, Paul, Hasselquist, Sten, Hawken, Adam James, Hayes, Christian R., Hearty, Fred, Hekker, S., Hogg, David W., Holtzman, Jon, Horta, Danny, Hou, Jiamin, Hsieh, Bau-Ching, Huber, Daniel, Hunt, Jason A. S., Chitham, J. Ider, Imig, Julie, Jaber, Mariana, Angel, Camilo Eduardo Jimenez, Johnson, Jennifer A., Jones, Amy M., Jonsson, Henrik, Jullo, Eric, Kim, Yerim, Kinemuchi, Karen, Kirkpatrick IV, Charles C., Kite, George W., Klaene, Mark, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Kollmeier, Juna A., Kong, Hui, Kounkel, Marina, Krishnarao, Dhanesh, Lacerna, Ivan, Lan, Ting-Wen, Lane, Richard R., Law, David R., Leung, Henry W., Lewis, Hannah, Li, Cheng, Lian, Jianhui, Lin, Lihwai, Long, Dan, Longa-Pena, Penelope, Lundgren, Britt, Lyke, Brad W., Mackereth, J. Ted, MacLeod, Chelsea L., Majewski, Steven R., Manchado, Arturo, Maraston, Claudia, Martini, Paul, Masseron, Thomas, Masters, Karen L., Mathur, Savita, McDermid, Richard M., Merloni, Andrea, Merrifield, Michael, Meszaros, Szabolcs, Miglio, Andrea, Minniti, Dante, Minsley, Rebecca, Miyaji, Takamitsu, Mohammad, Faizan Gohar, Mosser, Benoit, Mueller, Eva-Maria, Muna, Demitri, Munoz-Gutierrez, Andrea, Myers, Adam D., Nadathur, Seshadri, Nair, Preethi, Nandra, Kirpal, Nascimento, Janaina Correa do, Nevin, Rebecca Jean, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nidever, David L., Nitschelm, Christian, Noterdaeme, Pasquier, O'Connell, Julia E., Olmstead, Matthew D, Oravetz, Daniel, Oravetz, Audrey, Osorio, Yeisson, Pace, Zachary J., Padilla, Nelson, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Palicio, Pedro A., Pan, Hsi-An, Pan, Kaike, Parker, James, Paviot, Romain, Peirani, Sebastien, Ramrez, Karla Pena, Penny, Samantha, Percival, Will J., Perez-Fournon, Ismael, Perez-Rafols, Ignasi, Petitjean, Patrick, Pieri, Matthew M., Pinsonneault, Marc, Poovelil, Vijith Jacob, Povick, Joshua Tyler, Prakash, Abhishek, Price-Whelan, Adrian M., Raddick, M. Jordan, Raichoor, Anand, Ray, Amy, Rembold, Sandro Barboza, Rezaie, Mehdi, Riffel, Rogemar A., Riffel, Rogerio, Rix, Hans-Walter, Robin, Annie C., Roman-Lopes, A., Roman-Zuniga, Carlos, Rose, Benjamin, Ross, Ashley J., Rossi, Graziano, Rowlands, Kate, Rubin, Kate H. R., Salvato, Mara, Sanchez, Ariel G., Sanchez-Menguiano, Laura, Sanchez-Gallego, Jose R., Sayres, Conor, Schaefer, Adam, Schiavon, Ricardo P., Schimoia, Jaderson S., Schlafly, Edward, Schlegel, David, Schneider, Donald P., Schultheis, Mathias, Schwope, Axel, Seo, Hee-Jong, Serenelli, Aldo, Shafieloo, Arman, Shamsi, Shoaib Jamal, Shao, Zhengyi, Shen, Shiyin, Shetrone, Matthew, Shirley, Raphael, Aguirre, Victor Silva, Simon, Joshua D., Skrutskie, M. F., Slosar, Anze, Smethurst, Rebecca, Sobeck, Jennifer, Sodi, Bernardo Cervantes, Souto, Diogo, Stark, David V., Stassun, Keivan G., Steinmetz, Matthias, Stello, Dennis, Stermer, Julianna, Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa, Streblyanska, Alina, Stringfellow, Guy S., Stutz, Amelia, Suarez, Genaro, Sun, Jing, Taghizadeh-Popp, Manuchehr, Talbot, Michael S., Tayar, Jamie, Thakar, Aniruddha R., Theriault, Riley, Thomas, Daniel, Thomas, Zak C., Tinker, Jeremy, Tojeiro, Rita, Toledo, Hector Hernandez, Tremonti, Christy A., Troup, Nicholas W., Tuttle, Sarah, Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo, Valentini, Marica, Vargas-Gonzalez, Jaime, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Vazquez-Mata, Jose Antonio, Vivek, M., Wake, David, Wang, Yuting, Weaver, Benjamin Alan, Weijmans, Anne-Marie, Wild, Vivienne, Wilson, John C., Wilson, Robert F., Wolthuis, Nathan, Wood-Vasey, W. M., Yan, Renbin, Yang, Meng, Yeche, Christophe, Zamora, Olga, Zarrouk, Pauline, Zasowski, Gail, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Cheng, Zhao, Gongbo, Zheng, Zheng, Zhu, Guangtun, and Zou, Hu
Abstract: This paper documents the sixteenth data release (DR16) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fourth and penultimate from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). This is the first release of data from the southern hemisphere survey of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2); new data from APOGEE-2 North are also included. DR16 is also notable as the final data release for the main cosmological program of the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), and all raw and reduced spectra from that project are released here. DR16 also includes all the data from the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS) and new data from the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Survey (SPIDERS) programs, both of which were co-observed on eBOSS plates. DR16 has no new data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey (or the MaNGA Stellar Library "MaStar"). We also preview future SDSS-V operations (due to start in 2020), and summarize plans for the final SDSS-IV data release (DR17)., Comment: DR16 release: Monday Dec 9th 2019. This is the alphabetical order SDSS-IV collaboration data release paper. 25 pages, 6 figures, accepted by ApJS on 11th May 2020. Minor changes clarify or improve text and figures relative to v1
Published: 2019
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47. The Spectral Evolution of AT 2018dyb and the Presence of Metal Lines in Tidal Disruption Events

Author: Leloudas, Giorgos, Dai, Lixin, Arcavi, Iair, Vreeswijk, Paul M., Mockler, Brenna, Roy, Rupak, Malesani, Daniele B., Schulze, Steve, Wevers, Thomas, Fraser, Morgan, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Auchettl, Katie, Burke, Jamison, Cannizzaro, Giacomo, Charalampopoulos, Panos, Chen, Ting-Wan, Cikota, Aleksandar, Della Valle, Massimo, Galbany, Lluis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Heintz, Kasper E., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Jonker, Peter G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Zuzanna, Maguire, Kate, Mandel, Ilya, Nicholl, Matt, Onori, Francesca, Roth, Nathaniel, Smartt, Stephen J., Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Young, Dave R., Leloudas, Giorgos, Dai, Lixin, Arcavi, Iair, Vreeswijk, Paul M., Mockler, Brenna, Roy, Rupak, Malesani, Daniele B., Schulze, Steve, Wevers, Thomas, Fraser, Morgan, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Auchettl, Katie, Burke, Jamison, Cannizzaro, Giacomo, Charalampopoulos, Panos, Chen, Ting-Wan, Cikota, Aleksandar, Della Valle, Massimo, Galbany, Lluis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Heintz, Kasper E., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Jonker, Peter G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Zuzanna, Maguire, Kate, Mandel, Ilya, Nicholl, Matt, Onori, Francesca, Roth, Nathaniel, Smartt, Stephen J., Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, and Young, Dave R.
Published: 2019

48. The Spectral Evolution of AT 2018dyb and the Presence of Metal Lines in Tidal Disruption Events

Author: Leloudas, Giorgos, Dai, Lixin, Arcavi, Iair, Vreeswijk, Paul M., Mockler, Brenna, Roy, Rupak, Malesani, Daniele B., Schulze, Steve, Wevers, Thomas, Fraser, Morgan, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Auchettl, Katie, Burke, Jamison, Cannizzaro, Giacomo, Charalampopoulos, Panos, Chen, Ting-Wan, Cikota, Aleksandar, Della Valle, Massimo, Galbany, Lluis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Heintz, Kasper E., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Jonker, Peter G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Zuzanna, Maguire, Kate, Mandel, Ilya, Nicholl, Matt, Onori, Francesca, Roth, Nathaniel, Smartt, Stephen J., Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, Young, Dave R., Leloudas, Giorgos, Dai, Lixin, Arcavi, Iair, Vreeswijk, Paul M., Mockler, Brenna, Roy, Rupak, Malesani, Daniele B., Schulze, Steve, Wevers, Thomas, Fraser, Morgan, Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico, Auchettl, Katie, Burke, Jamison, Cannizzaro, Giacomo, Charalampopoulos, Panos, Chen, Ting-Wan, Cikota, Aleksandar, Della Valle, Massimo, Galbany, Lluis, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Heintz, Kasper E., Hiramatsu, Daichi, Jonker, Peter G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Zuzanna, Maguire, Kate, Mandel, Ilya, Nicholl, Matt, Onori, Francesca, Roth, Nathaniel, Smartt, Stephen J., Wyrzykowski, Lukasz, and Young, Dave R.
Published: 2019

49. SN 2017dio : A Type-Ic Supernova Exploding in a Hydrogen-rich Circumstellar Medium

Author: Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo, Maeda, Keiichi, Ashall, Christopher J., Prentice, Simon J., Mattila, Seppo, Kankare, Erkki, Fransson, Claes, Lundqvist, Peter, Pastorello, Andrea, Leloudas, Giorgos, Anderson, Joseph P., Benetti, Stefano, Bersten, Melina C., Cappellaro, Enrico, Cartier, Regis, Denneau, Larry, Della Valle, Massimo, Elias-Rosa, Nancy, Folatelli, Gaston, Fraser, Morgan, Galbany, Lluis, Gall, Christa, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Gutierrez, Claudia P., Hamanowicz, Aleksandra, Heinze, Ari, Inserra, Cosimo, Kangas, Tuomas, Mazzali, Paolo, Melandri, Andrea, Pignata, Giuliano, Rest, Armin, Reynolds, Thomas, Roy, Rupak, Smartt, Stephen J., Smith, Ken W., Sollerman, Jesper, Somero, Auni, Stalder, Brian, Stritzinger, Maximilian, Taddia, Francesco, Tomasella, Lina, Tonry, John, Weiland, Henry, Young, David R., Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo, Maeda, Keiichi, Ashall, Christopher J., Prentice, Simon J., Mattila, Seppo, Kankare, Erkki, Fransson, Claes, Lundqvist, Peter, Pastorello, Andrea, Leloudas, Giorgos, Anderson, Joseph P., Benetti, Stefano, Bersten, Melina C., Cappellaro, Enrico, Cartier, Regis, Denneau, Larry, Della Valle, Massimo, Elias-Rosa, Nancy, Folatelli, Gaston, Fraser, Morgan, Galbany, Lluis, Gall, Christa, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Gutierrez, Claudia P., Hamanowicz, Aleksandra, Heinze, Ari, Inserra, Cosimo, Kangas, Tuomas, Mazzali, Paolo, Melandri, Andrea, Pignata, Giuliano, Rest, Armin, Reynolds, Thomas, Roy, Rupak, Smartt, Stephen J., Smith, Ken W., Sollerman, Jesper, Somero, Auni, Stalder, Brian, Stritzinger, Maximilian, Taddia, Francesco, Tomasella, Lina, Tonry, John, Weiland, Henry, and Young, David R.
Abstract: SN 2017dio shows both spectral characteristics of a type-Ic supernova (SN) and signs of a hydrogen-rich circumstellar medium (CSM). Prominent, narrow emission lines of H and He are superposed on the continuum. Subsequent evolution revealed that the SN ejecta are interacting with the CSM. The initial SN Ic identification was confirmed by removing the CSM interaction component from the spectrum and comparing with known SNe Ic and, reversely, adding a CSM interaction component to the spectra of known SNe Ic and comparing them to SN 2017dio. Excellent agreement was obtained with both procedures, reinforcing the SN Ic classification. The light curve constrains the pre-interaction SN Ic peak absolute magnitude to be around M-g = -17.6 mag. No evidence of significant extinction is found, ruling out a brighter luminosity required by an SN Ia classification. These pieces of evidence support the view that SN 2017dio is an SN Ic, and therefore the first firm case of an SN Ic with signatures of hydrogen-rich CSM in the early spectrum. The CSM is unlikely to have been shaped by steady-state stellar winds. The mass loss of the progenitor star must have been intense, M similar to 0.02 (epsilon(H alpha)/0.01)(-1) (nu(wind)/500 km s(-1)) (nu(shock)/10,000 km s(-1))M--3(circle dot) yr(-1), peaking at a few decades before the SN. Such a high mass-loss rate might have been experienced by the progenitor through eruptions or binary stripping.
Published: 2018
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50. The Type IIn Supernova SN 2010bt : The Explosion of a Star in Outburst

Author: Elias-Rosa, Nancy, Van Dyk, Schuyler D., Benetti, Stefano, Cappellaro, Enrico, Smith, Nathan, Kotak, Rubina, Turatto, Massimo, Filippenko, Alexei V., Pignata, Giuliano, Fox, Ori D., Galbany, Lluis, González-Gaitán, Santiago, Miluzio, Matteo, Monard, L. A. G., Ergon, Mattias, Elias-Rosa, Nancy, Van Dyk, Schuyler D., Benetti, Stefano, Cappellaro, Enrico, Smith, Nathan, Kotak, Rubina, Turatto, Massimo, Filippenko, Alexei V., Pignata, Giuliano, Fox, Ori D., Galbany, Lluis, González-Gaitán, Santiago, Miluzio, Matteo, Monard, L. A. G., and Ergon, Mattias
Abstract: It is well known that massive stars (M > 8M(circle dot)) evolve up to the collapse of the stellar core, resulting in most cases in a supernova (SN) explosion. Their heterogeneity is related mainly to different configurations of the progenitor star at the moment of the explosion and to their immediate environments. We present photometry and spectroscopy of SN. 2010bt, which was classified as a Type. IIn. SN from a spectrum obtained soon after discovery and was observed extensively for about 2 months. After the seasonal interruption owing to its proximity to the Sun, the SN was below the detection threshold, indicative of a rapid luminosity decline. We can identify the likely progenitor with a very luminous star (log L/L-circle dot approximate to 7) through comparison of Hubble Space Telescope images of the host galaxy prior to explosion with those of the SN obtained after maximum light. Such a luminosity is not expected for a quiescent star, but rather for a massive star in an active phase. This progenitor candidate was later confirmed via images taken in 2015 (similar to 5 yr post-discovery), in which no bright point source was detected at the SN position. Given these results and the SN behavior, we conclude that SN. 2010bt was likely a Type IIn SN and that its progenitor was a massive star that experienced an outburst shortly before the final explosion, leading to a dense H-rich circumstellar environment around the SN progenitor.
Published: 2018
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