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Cellular condensates are usually ribonucleoprotein assemblies with liquid- or solid-like properties. Because these subcellular structures lack a delineating membrane, determining their compositions is difficult. Here we describe a proximity-biotinylation approach for capturing the RNAs of the condensates known as processing bodies (PBs) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). By combining this approach with RNA detection, in silico, and high-resolution imaging approaches, we studied PBs under normal conditions and heat stress. PBs showed a much more dynamic RNA composition than the total transcriptome. RNAs involved in cell wall development and regeneration, plant hormonal signaling, secondary metabolism/defense, and RNA metabolism were enriched in PBs. RNA-binding proteins and the liquidity of PBs modulated RNA recruitment, while RNAs were frequently recruited together with their encoded proteins. In PBs, RNAs follow distinct fates: in small liquid-like PBs, RNAs get degraded while in more solid-like larger ones, they are stored. PB properties can be regulated by the actin-polymerizing SCAR (suppressor of the cyclic AMP)-WAVE (WASP family verprolin homologous) complex. SCAR/WAVE modulates the shuttling of RNAs between PBs and the translational machinery, thereby adjusting ethylene signaling. In summary, we provide an approach to identify RNAs in condensates that allowed us to reveal a mechanism for regulating RNA fate.

To control net sodium (Na+) uptake, Arabidopsis plants utilize the plasma membrane (PM) Na+/H+ antiporter SOS1 to achieve Na+ efflux at the root and Na+ loading into the xylem, and the channel-like HKT1;1 protein that mediates the reverse flux of Na+ unloading off the xylem. Together, these opposing transport systems govern the partition of Na+ within the plant yet they must be finely co-regulated to prevent a futile cycle of xylem loading and unloading. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis SOS3 protein acts as the molecular switch governing these Na+ fluxes by favoring the recruitment of SOS1 to the PM and its subsequent activation by the SOS2/SOS3 kinase complex under salt stress, while commanding HKT1;1 protein degradation upon acute sodic stress. SOS3 achieves this role by direct and SOS2-independent binding to previously unrecognized functional domains of SOS1 and HKT1;1. These results indicate that roots first retain moderate amounts of salts to facilitate osmoregulation, yet when sodicity exceeds a set point, SOS3-dependent HKT1;1 degradation switches the balance toward Na+ export out of the root. Thus, SOS3 functionally links and co-regulates the two major Na+ transport systems operating in vascular plants controlling plant tolerance to salinity.

ecent advances in cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) have revolutionized our understanding of the complement C5a/C3a receptors that are crucial in inflammation. A recent report by Yadav et al. has elucidated the activation, ligand binding, selectivity, and signaling bias of these receptors, thereby enhancing structure-guided drug discovery. This paves the way for more effective anti-inflammatory therapies that target these receptors with unprecedented precision.

Diversified crop rotations have been suggested to reduce grain yield losses from the adverse climatic conditions increasingly common under climate change. Nevertheless, the potential for climate change adaptation of different crop rotational diversity (CRD) remains undetermined. We quantified how climatic conditions affect small grain and maize yields under different CRDs in 32 long-term (10-63 years) field experiments across Europe and North America. Species-diverse and functionally rich rotations more than compensated yield losses from anomalous warm conditions, long and warm dry spells, as well as from anomalous wet (for small grains) or dry (for maize) conditions. Adding a single functional group or crop species to monocultures counteracted yield losses from substantial changes in climatic conditions. The benefits of a further increase in CRD are comparable with those of improved climatic conditions. For instance, the maize yield benefits of adding three crop species to monocultures under detrimental climatic conditions exceeded the average yield of monocultures by up to 553 kg/ha under non-detrimental climatic conditions. Increased crop functional richness improved yields under high temperature, irrespective of precipitation. Conversely, yield benefits peaked at between two and four crop species in the rotation, depending on climatic conditions and crop, and declined at higher species diversity. Thus, crop species diversity could be adjusted to maximize yield benefits. Diversifying rotations with functionally distinct crops is an adaptation of cropping systems to global warming and changes in precipitation.

[ES] Introducción: El programa de vacunación universal con la vacuna antineumocócica conjugada 13-valente (VNC13) se implantó en Andalucía en diciembre de 2016. Métodos: Estudio transversal de colonización nasofaríngea por Streptococcus pneumoniae. Se seleccionó a 397 niños sanos en centros de atención primaria de Sevilla durante los periodos 1/4/2018-28/2/2020 y 1/11/2021-28/2/2022 (periodo VNC13). Se utilizó una colección histórica de un estudio de colonización desarrollado en niños sanos y con infección respiratoria superior entre el 1/01/2006 y el 30/06/2008 (periodo VNC7) para comparar las distribuciones de serotipos/genotipos y las tasas de resistencias antibióticas. Resultados: Un total de 76 (19%) niños estaban colonizados con S. pneumoniae en el periodo VNC13 y se dispuso de 154 aislamientos del periodo VNC7. La colonización por serotipos incluidos en VNC13 disminuyó significativamente entre los periodos VNC13 y VNC7 (11 vs. 38%; p = 0,0001); los serotipos 19F (8%), 3 (1%) y 6B (1%) fueron los únicos serotipos vacunales circulantes. Los serotipos 15B/C y 11A fueron los serotipos no VNC13 más prevalentes durante el periodo VNC13 (14% y 11%, respectivamente); este último se incrementó de forma significativa entre periodos de tiempo (p = 0,04). El serotipo 11A solo se asoció en el periodo VNC13 con variantes resistentes a la ampicilina del clon Spain9V-ST156 (ST6521 y genéticamente relacionado ST14698), no detectados en el periodo anterior. Conclusiones: Hubo una circulación muy residual de los serotipos vacunales durante el periodo VNC13, con excepción del serotipo19F. El serotipo 11A se incrementó de forma significativa entre los periodos VNC13 y VNC7 por expansión clonal del genotipo resistente a la ampicilina ST6521., [EN] Background: The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) universal vaccination program was introduced in December 2016 in Andalusia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the molecular epidemiology of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization. A total of 397 healthy children were recruited from primary healthcare centres in Seville for the periods 1/4/2018 to 28/2/2020 and 1/11/2021 to 28/2/2022 (PCV13 period). Data from a previous carriage study conducted among healthy and sick children from 1/01/2006 to 30/06/2008 (PCV7 period) were used for comparison of serotype/genotype distributions and antibiotic resistance rates. Results: Overall, 76 (19%) children were colonized with S. pneumoniae during the PCV13 period and there were information available from 154 isolates collected during the PCV7 period. Colonization with PCV13 serotypes declined significantly in the PCV13 period compared with historical controls (11 vs. 38%, P = 0.0001), being serotypes 19F (8%), 3 (1%) and 6B (1%) the only circulating vaccine types. Serotypes 15B/C and 11A were the most frequently identified non-PCV13 serotypes during the PCV13 period (14% and 11%, respectively); the later one increased significantly between time periods (P = 0.04). Serotype 11A was exclusively associated in the PCV13 period with ampicillin-resistant variants of the Spain9V-ST156 clone (ST6521 and genetically related ST14698), not detected in the preceding period. Conclusions: There was a residual circulation of vaccine types following PCV13 introduction, apart from serotype 19F. Serotype 11A increased between PCV13 and PCV7 periods due to emergence and clonal expansion of ampicillin-resistant genotype ST6521.

Due to the severity of CMV infection in immunocompromised individuals the development of a vaccine has been declared a priority. However, despite the efforts made there is no yet a vaccine available for clinical use. We designed an approach to identify new CMV antigens able to inducing a broad immune response that could be used in future vaccine formulations. We have used serum samples from 28 kidney transplant recipients, with a previously acquired CMV-specific immune response to identify viral proteins that were recognized by the antibodies present in the patient serum samples by Western blot. A band of approximately 45 kDa, identified as UL44, was detected by most serum samples. UL44 immunogenicity was tested in BALB/c mice that received three doses of the UL44-pcDNA DNA vaccine. UL44 elicited both, a strong antibody response and CMV-specific cellular response. Using bioinformatic analysis we demonstrated that UL44 is a highly conserved protein and contains epitopes that are able to activate CD8 lymphocytes of the most common HLA alleles in the world population. We constructed a UL44 ORF deletion mutant virus that produced no viral progeny, suggesting that UL44 is an essential viral protein. In addition, other authors have demonstrated that UL44 is one of the most abundant viral proteins after infection and have suggested an essential role of UL44 in viral replication. Altogether, our data suggests that UL44 is a potent antigen, and favored by its abundance, it may be a good candidate to include in a vaccine formulation.

X-ray crystallography has for most of the last century been the standard technique to determine the high-resolution structure of biological macromolecules, including multi-subunit protein-protein and protein-nucleic acids as large as the ribosome and viruses. As such, the successful application of X-ray crystallography to many biological problems revolutionized biology and biomedicine by solving the structures of small molecules and vitamins, peptides and proteins, DNA and RNA molecules, and many complexes-affording a detailed knowledge of the structures that clarified biological and chemical mechanisms, conformational changes, interactions, catalysis and the biological processes underlying DNA replication, translation, and protein synthesis. Now reaching well into the first quarter of the twenty-first century, X-ray crystallography shares the structural biology stage with cryo-electron microscopy and other innovative structure determination methods, as relevant and central to our understanding of biological function and structure as ever. In this chapter, we provide an overview of modern X-ray crystallography and how it interfaces with other mainstream structural biology techniques, with an emphasis on macromolecular complexes.

The specific kinetics and thermodynamics of protein-protein interactions underlie the molecular mechanisms of cellular functions; hence the characterization of these interaction parameters is central to the quantitative understanding of physiological and pathological processes. Many methods have been developed to study protein-protein interactions, which differ in various features including the interaction detection principle, the sensitivity, whether the method operates in vivo, in vitro, or in silico, the temperature control, the use of labels, immobilization, the amount of sample required, the number of measurements that can be accomplished simultaneously, or the cost. Bio-Layer Interferometry (BLI) is a label-free biophysical method to measure the kinetics of protein-protein interactions. Label-free interaction assays are a broad family of methods that do not require protein modifications (other than immobilization) or labels such as fusions with fluorescent proteins or transactivating domains or chemical modifications like biotinylation or reaction with radionuclides. Besides BLI, other label-free techniques that are widely used for determining protein-protein interactions include surface plasmon resonance (SPR), thermophoresis, and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), among others.

Nanophotonics offers opportunities for engineering and exploiting the quantum properties of light by integrating quantum emitters into nanostructures, and offering reliable paths to quantum technology applications such as sources of quantum light or new quantum simulators, among many others. In this Review, we discuss common nanophotonic platforms for studying light–matter interactions, explaining their strengths and experimental state-of-the-art. Each platform works at a different interaction regime: from standard cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) setups to unique quantum nanophotonic devices, such as chiral and non-chiral waveguide QED experiments. When several quantum emitters are integrated into nanophotonic systems, collective interactions emerge, enabling miniaturized, versatile and fast-operating quantum devices. We conclude with a perspective on the near-term opportunities offered by nanophotonics in the context of quantum technologies.

A key challenge in realizing fault-tolerant quantum computers is circuit optimization. Focusing on the most expensive gates in fault-tolerant quantum computation (namely, the T gates), we address the problem of T-count optimization, i.e., minimizing the number of T gates that are needed to implement a given circuit. To achieve this, we develop AlphaTensor-Quantum, a method based on deep reinforcement learning that exploits the relationship between optimizing T-count and tensor decomposition. Unlike existing methods for T-count optimization, AlphaTensor-Quantum can incorporate domain-specific knowledge about quantum computation and leverage gadgets, which significantly reduces the T-count of the optimized circuits. AlphaTensor-Quantum outperforms the existing methods for T-count optimization on a set of arithmetic benchmarks (even when compared without making use of gadgets). Remarkably, it discovers an efficient algorithm akin to Karatsuba's method for multiplication in finite fields. AlphaTensor-Quantum also finds the best human-designed solutions for relevant arithmetic computations used in Shor's algorithm and for quantum chemistry simulation, thus demonstrating it can save hundreds of hours of research by optimizing relevant quantum circuits in a fully automated way., Comment: 25 pages main paper + 19 pages appendix

Marine biodiversity consists of a complex network of organisms responsible for keeping the ecosystem's balance. Fungi are an understudied group of organisms despite their recognized importance for ecosystem processes and diversity. How fungi respond to environmental change remains poorly understood, especially in marine benthic habitats. The Baltic Sea is a brackish coastal ecosystem with steep environmental gradients in a relatively limited geographical area and is therefore a particularly good system to investigate the impact of different abiotic factors on benthic fungal diversity. This study used environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding to analyze the spatial dynamics of benthic fungal diversity in the Baltic Sea and quantify the environmental drivers that shape these dynamics. Based on 59 stations spreading over 1145 km the results showed that benthic fungal communities were dominated by the phylum Chytridiomycota, and the fungal species Alphamyces chaetifer and Operculomyces laminatus from this phylum were the main drivers of the community structure dissimilarities observed between regions. Water depth and salinity were the main predictors of the benthic fungal community composition. The impact of nutrient availability was also significant, possibly related to the known role of Chytridiomycota species such as A. chaetifer and O. laminatus in nutrient cycling. Our results indicate that the benthic fungal diversity of the Baltic Sea is shaped by salinity gradients and nutrient availability and highlights that the current fungal biodiversity is at risk of species shift or decline with predicted changes in salinity due to climate change and intensified eutrophication.

Deep learning and remote sensing techniques have significantly advanced water surface monitoring; however, the need for annotated data remains a challenge. This is particularly problematic in wetland detection, where water extent varies over time and space, demanding multiple annotations for the same area. In this paper, we present DEEPAQUA, a deep learning model inspired by knowledge distillation (a.k.a. teacher–student model) to generate labeled data automatically and eliminate the need for manual annotations during the training phase. We utilize the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) as a teacher model to train a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for segmenting water from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. To train the student model, we exploit cases where optical- and radar-based water masks coincide, enabling the detection of both open and vegetated water surfaces. DEEPAQUA represents a significant advancement in computer vision techniques for water detection by effectively training semantic segmentation models without any manually annotated data. Experimental results show that DEEPAQUA outperforms other unsupervised methods by improving accuracy by 3%, Intersection Over Union by 11%, and F1-score by 6%. This approach offers a practical solution for monitoring wetland water extent changes without the need of ground truth data, making it highly adaptable and scalable for wetland monitoring., QC 20240108

Coastal ecosystems dominate oceanic methane (CH4) emissions. However, there is limited knowledge about how biotic interactions between infauna and aerobic methanotrophs (i.e. CH4 oxidizing bacteria) drive the spatial–temporal dynamics of these emissions. Here, we investigated the role of meio- and macrofauna in mediating CH4 sediment–water fluxes and aerobic methanotrophic activity that can oxidize significant portions of CH4. We show that macrofauna increases CH4 fluxes by enhancing vertical solute transport through bioturbation, but this effect is somewhat offset by high meiofauna abundance. The increase in CH4 flux reduces CH4 pore-water availability, resulting in lower abundance and activity of aerobic methanotrophs, an effect that counterbalances the potential stimulation of these bacteria by higher oxygen flux to the sediment via bioturbation. These findings indicate that a larger than previously thought portion of CH4 emissions from coastal ecosystems is due to faunal activity and multiple complex interactions with methanotrophs.

The Miocene evolution of the External Rif Zone (NW Africa Plate) was determined through the multidisciplinary analysis of fourteen successions. The updated stratigraphic framework shows how Miocene sediments rest on the Cretaceous–Paleogene terrains through unconformity surfaces, whereas it rests with sedimentary continuity in two sectors. After recognition of lithofacies and three unconformities located near the Oligocene–Aquitanian, Aquitanian–Burdigalian and Serravallian–Tortonian boundaries, the Miocene sedimentary record was divided into three stratigraphic intervals representing deep to shallow marine deposits as Aquitanian–Burdigalian, Langhian and Upper Serravallian–Missinian. The two oldest unconformites are restricted to the central sector, while the upper one is generalized and probably related to the nappe tectonics registered in all sectors of the External Rif. Data from analysis of tectofacies, petrology, mineralogy, meaning and implications of unconformities, and subsidence indicate that: (i) mass flow deposits (turbidites, slumps, olistostromes) are common in all successions but more frequent during the Lower Miocene; (ii) petrology of the detrital components of the arenites indicates recycled orogen-derived sediments, with quartz coming from erosion of metamorphic rocks of the Atlas orogen and/or the African craton; (iii) mineralogy of mudstones suggests a complex erosional evolution of local emerged areas derived from a mixture of contributions coming from the erosion of Upper Jurassic to Paleogene suites, and especially from kaolinite-rich Albian–Cenomanian to Paleogene successions with absence of a clear unroofing. The conjunction of all these clues reinforce the idea of a synsedimentary tectonics affecting the margin/basin system during the Miocene. A thickness analysis of the studied sedimentary successions allows proposing the evolution of the orogenic front and main depozones (foredeep, bulges, wedge-top and intramontane sub-basins) integrate

El principal propósito de este proyecto es ofrecer soluciones personalizadas a los usuarios. Esto implica que el usuario, a diferencia de con ChatGPT clásico, tenga el control de la información que maneja el modelo y de cómo quiere ser respondido. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se incluyen la capacidad de configurar la aplicación según las especificaciones deseadas y el control de los documentos. ChatGPT ya es de por sí una herramienta muy útil de aprendizaje. Al ofrecer respuestas personalizadas y controlar los datos, esta aplicación permite a los usuarios aprender sobre el tema que les interese con una profundidad única. Fomentando así el aprendizaje y la investigación en una variedad de campos especializados. De este modo, se pretende que los usuarios utilicen esta herramienta como una fuente confiable de información que los ayude a ampliar sus conocimientos y explorar nuevos temas de interés. Al integrar ChatGPT como el motor principal de la aplicación, se busca aprovechar la potencia del procesamiento del lenguaje natural. La meta es utilizar esta tecnología para generar texto coherente y relevante que cumpla con las necesidades específicas de cada usuario. Por ello se pretende aumentar la robustez de las respuestas de los modelos de OpenAI, a través del “prompt engineering”. Este proyecto pretende hacer que la aplicación sea accesible y asequible para una amplia gama de usuarios, incluidos estudiantes, por ello se ha intentado reducir el coste al máximo, buscando una arquitectura basada en servicios locales. Se busca, por lo tanto, que la herramienta sea fácilmente accesible para aquellos que la necesiten, sin importar su presupuesto o nivel de experiencia tecnológica. Uno de los objetivos primordiales de este proyecto es demostrar que las tecnologías de Modelos de Lenguaje Grande (LLM) se pueden aplicar para mejorar la experiencia de los estudiantes y usuarios en la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM). Este proyecto estará diseñado para responder a una ampl

While several governmental and research efforts are set upon mobility-as-a-service (MaaS), most of them are driven by individual travel behavior and potential usage. However, considering only individuals’ preferences carries the risk of neglecting societal benefits going beyond individual travel behavior. This study addresses the valuation of different features of MaaS-services from a social desirability perspective as compared to social investments in biking infrastructure and in public transport, and aims at eliciting trade-offs between different features of such projects. This analysis is conducted on the basis of Participatory Value Evaluation (PVE). In PVE-experiments, individuals select their preferred portfolio of government projects given a constrained public budget and societal preferences for (the impacts of) government projects can be determined based on these choices. The results show that the population of Rotterdam exhibits a willingness to allocate public resources to all types of investment projects considered in the analysis. However, the willingness to allocate resources to bike infrastructure projects and public transport seems to be higher than the willingness to dedicate resources to MaaS subsidies. Within the different types of MaaS subsidies considered, subsidies aimed at sustainability exhibit a larger social valuation. Strong negative synergies among similar projects exist, signalizing that individuals prefer diversifying the use of public resources across different types of investment projects.

Global warming and anthropogenic activity are boosting marine deoxygenation in many regions around the globe. Deoxygenation is a critical ocean stressor with profound implications for marine ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles. Understanding the dynamics and evolution of past deoxygenation events can enhance our knowledge of present-day and future impacts of climate change and anthropogenic pressure on marine environments. Many studies have reconstructed the evolution redox conditions of past deoxygenation events using geochemical proxies. In this regard, the present work focuses on understanding the paleoenvironmental significance of geochemical redox signals derived from the onset, evolution and termination of regional-scale deoxygenations in deep-marine settings, with a specific focus on sapropels in the Eastern Mediterranean (EM). Sapropels, rhythmic organic-rich sediments deposited in EM, offer a unique opportunity to investigate recent deoxygenation events linked to past climate changes. Sapropels serve as paleo-archives of past deoxygenation events and can provide insights into the potential impacts of ongoing climate change on marine ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles. By integrating previous sapropel geochemical studies with a detailed analysis of new geochemical data from five Quaternary sapropels (S1, S5, S6, S7 and S8) in three different EM deep-marine settings, this study enhances our understanding of the paleoenvironmental significance of geochemical redox signals produced by deoxygenation dynamics and postdepositional processes in different deep-marine settings. The study supports that certain trace elements, such as Mo, V, U, Co, and Ni, are identified as more reliable redox proxies compared to Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn. Four recurrent geochemical intervals attributed to specific redox conditions and postdepositional processes have been identified. Moreover, internal calibration of redox proxies thresholds has been performed and demonstrates how local

Aims/hypothesis: Type 2 diabetes is a highly heterogeneous disease for which new subgroups (‘clusters’) have been proposed based on disease severity: moderate age-related diabetes (MARD), moderate obesity-related diabetes (MOD), severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD) and severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD). It is unknown how disease severity is reflected in terms of quality of life in these clusters. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the cluster characteristics and cluster-wise evolution of quality of life in the previously defined clusters of type 2 diabetes. Methods: We included individuals with type 2 diabetes from the Maastricht Study, who were allocated to clusters based on a nearest centroid approach. We used logistic regression to evaluate the cluster-wise association with diabetes-related complications. We plotted the evolution of HbA1c levels over time and used Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression to evaluate the cluster-wise time to reach adequate glycaemic control. Quality of life based on the Short Form 36 (SF-36) was also plotted over time and adjusted for age and sex using generalised estimating equations. The follow-up time was 7 years. Analyses were performed separately for people with newly diagnosed and already diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Results: We included 127 newly diagnosed and 585 already diagnosed individuals. Already diagnosed people in the SIDD cluster were less likely to reach glycaemic control than people in the other clusters, with an HR compared with MARD of 0.31 (95% CI 0.22, 0.43). There were few differences in the mental component score of the SF-36 in both newly and already diagnosed individuals. In both groups, the MARD cluster had a higher physical component score of the SF-36 than the other clusters, and the MOD cluster scored similarly to the SIDD and SIRD clusters. Conclusions/interpretation: Disease severity suggested by the clusters of type 2 diabetes is not entirely reflected in quality of life. In pa

This article offers an interpretation focused on the impact of the Republican deserters on the socialization of the insurgent combatants and the subsequent acceptance of Franco’s dictatorship. Unlike the Nation-States, not all deserters were sent to prison or concentration camps; those without blood crimes were sent to the front. The contact between the forced recruits of the insurgent side and the escapees may have influenced their perception of the conflict, as they discovered that the realities on both sides of the trenches did not differ significantly. Through the theory of «opinion leaders», deserters, in a seemingly «banal» manner, were able to impact the heterogeneous insurgent troops with their experiences. This study uses the documentation obtained from the insurgent information service, specifically the interrogations, considering the limitations of this source. The text attempts to provide another view of the consolidation of the dictatorship., Este artículo ofrece una interpretación centrada en el impacto de los desertores republicanos en la socialización de los combatientes sublevados y la posterior aceptación de la dictadura franquista. A diferencia de los Estados nación, no todos los desertores fueron enviados a prisión o campos de concentración; aquellos sin delitos de sangre fueron destinados al frente. El contacto entre los reclutas forzosos del bando insurgente y los evadidos pudo influir en su percepción del conflicto al descubrir que las realidades en ambos lados de las trincheras no diferían significativamente. A través de la teoría de los líderes de opinión, los desertores, de manera aparentemente banal, pudieron impactar en la heterogénea tropa sublevada con sus experiencias. Este estudio emplea la documentación obtenida del servicio de información insurgente, en concreto los interrogatorios, teniendo en cuenta las limitaciones de esta fuente. El texto trata de aportar otra mirada a la consolidación de la dictadura.

Inherited hearing impairment is a remarkably heterogeneous monogenic condition, involving hundreds of genes, most of them with very small (< 1%) epidemiological contributions. The exception is GJB2, the gene encoding connexin‑26 and underlying DFNB1, which is the most frequent type of autosomal recessive non‑syndromic hearing impairment (ARNSHI) in most populations (up to 40% of ARNSHI cases). DFNB1 is caused by different types of pathogenic variants in GJB2, but also by large deletions that keep the gene intact but remove an upstream regulatory element that is essential for its expression. Such large deletions, found in most populations, behave as complete loss‑of‑function variants, usually associated with a profound hearing impairment. By using CRISPR‑Cas9 genetic edition, we have generated a murine model (Dfnb1em274) that reproduces the most frequent of those deletions, del(GJB6‑D13S1830). Dfnb1 em274 homozygous mice are viable, bypassing the embryonic lethality of the Gjb2 knockout, and present a phenotype of profound hearing loss (> 90 dB SPL) that correlates with specific structural abnormalities in the cochlea. We show that Gjb2 expression is nearly abolished and its protein product, Cx26, is nearly absent all throughout the cochlea, unlike previous conditional knockouts in which Gjb2 ablation was not obtained in all cell types. The Dfnb1 em274 model recapitulates the clinical presentation of patients harbouring the del(GJB6‑D13S1830) variant and thus it is a valuable tool to study the pathological mechanisms of DFNB1 and to assay therapies for this most frequent type of human ARNSHI., Depto. de Anatomía y Embriología, Fac. de Veterinaria, TRUE, pub

Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, Depto. de Biología Celular, Depto. de Fisiología, Fac. de Ciencias Biológicas, TRUE, pub

XII International Symposium on Quantum Theory and Symmetries (QTS12), The theory of Lie–Hamilton systems is used to construct generalized time-dependent SIS epidemic Hamiltonians with a variable infection rate from the ‘book’ Lie algebra. Although these are characterized by a set of non-autonomous nonlinear and coupled differential equations, their corresponding exact solution is explicitly found. Moreover, the quantum deformation of the book algebra is also considered, from which the corresponding deformed SIS Hamiltonians are obtained and interpreted as perturbations in terms of the quantum deformation parameter of previously known SIS systems. The exact solutions for these deformed systems are also obtained., Depto. de Álgebra, Geometría y Topología, Fac. de Ciencias Matemáticas, Instituto de Matemática Interdisciplinar (IMI), TRUE, pub

This terrestrial and underwater archaeological research project around a Mediterranean islet identifies that it was a commercial centre during the fifth century AD. The results shed light on Late Roman island occupation dynamics., Depto. de Prehistoria, Historia Antigua y Arqueología, Fac. de Geografía e Historia, TRUE, pub

The Long-read RNA-Seq Genome Annotation Assessment Project Consortium was formed to evaluate the effectiveness of long-read approaches for transcriptome analysis. Using different protocols and sequencing platforms, the consortium generated over 427 million long-read sequences from complementary DNA and direct RNA datasets, encompassing human, mouse and manatee species. Developers utilized these data to address challenges in transcript isoform detection, quantification and de novo transcript detection. The study revealed that libraries with longer, more accurate sequences produce more accurate transcripts than those with increased read depth, whereas greater read depth improved quantification accuracy. In well-annotated genomes, tools based on reference sequences demonstrated the best performance. Incorporating additional orthogonal data and replicate samples is advised when aiming to detect rare and novel transcripts or using reference-free approaches. This collaborative study offers a benchmark for current practices and provides direction for future method development in transcriptome analysis., The Long-read RNA-Seq Genome Annotation Assessment Project Consortium was formed to evaluate the effectiveness of long-read approaches for transcriptome analysis. Using different protocols and sequencing platforms, the consortium generated over 427 million long-read sequences from complementary DNA and direct RNA datasets, encompassing human, mouse and manatee species. Developers utilized these data to address challenges in transcript isoform detection, quantification and de novo transcript detection. The study revealed that libraries with longer, more accurate sequences produce more accurate transcripts than those with increased read depth, whereas greater read depth improved quantification accuracy. In well-annotated genomes, tools based on reference sequences demonstrated the best performance. Incorporating additional orthogonal data and replicate samples is advised when aiming to detect rare and novel transcripts or using reference-free approaches. This collaborative study offers a benchmark for current practices and provides direction for future method development in transcriptome analysis., Peer Reviewed, "Article signat per més de 40 autors/es: Francisco J. Pardo-Palacios, Dingjie Wang, Fairlie Reese, Mark Diekhans, Sílvia Carbonell-Sala, Brian Williams, Jane E. Loveland, Maite De María, Matthew S. Adams, Gabriela Balderrama-Gutierrez, Amit K. Behera, Jose M. Gonzalez Martinez, Toby Hunt, Julien Lagarde, Cindy E. Liang, Haoran Li, Marcus Jerryd Meade, David A. Moraga Amador, Andrey D. Prjibelski, Inanc Birol, Hamed Bostan, Ashley M. Brooks, Muhammed Hasan Çelik, Ying Chen, Mei R. M. Du, Colette Felton, Jonathan Göke, Saber Hafezqorani, Ralf Herwig, Hideya Kawaji, Joseph Lee, Jian-Liang Li, Matthias Lienhard, Alla Mikheenko, Dennis Mulligan, Ka Ming Nip, Mihaela Pertea, Matthew E. Ritchie, Andre D. Sim, Alison D. Tang, Yuk Kei Wan, Changqing Wang, Brandon Y. Wong, Chen Yang, If Barnes, Andrew E. Berry, Salvador Capella-Gutierrez, Alyssa Cousineau, Namrita Dhillon, Jose M. Fernandez-Gonzalez, Luis Ferrández-Peral, Natàlia Garcia-Reyero, Stefan Götz, Carles Hernández-Ferrer, Liudmyla Kondratova, Tianyuan Liu, Alessandra Martinez-Martin, Carlos Menor, Jorge Mestre-Tomás, Jonathan M. Mudge, Nedka G. Panayotova, Alejandro Paniagua, Dmitry Repchevsky, Xingjie Ren, Eric Rouchka, Brandon Saint-John, Enrique Sapena, Leon Sheynkman, Melissa Laird Smith, Marie-Marthe Suner, Hazuki Takahashi, Ingrid A. Youngworth, Piero Carninci, Nancy D. Denslow, Roderic Guigó, Margaret E. Hunter, Rene Maehr, Yin Shen, Hagen U. Tilgner, Barbara J. Wold, Christopher Vollmers, Adam Frankish, Kin Fai Au, Gloria M. Sheynkman, Ali Mortazavi, Ana Conesa & Angela N. Brooks", Postprint (published version)

This study assesses the potential for decarbonizing EU road transport through several pathways, focusing on the feasibility of achieving impact by 2035. Through comprehensive literature review, we compare the distance-levelized cost, lifecycle GHG emissions, and scalability of combustion engine vehicles (three fuels), battery-electric vehicles (BEVs, three charging methods), and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. We consider projected transport growth and the current age composition and use of vehicles in Europe, segmented into four regions. Biofuels, hydrogen, and e-fuels are not found to have potential to significantly contribute to further GHG emissions before 2035 due to scalability and technological limitations. BEVs emerge as the only viable strategy for achieving zero tailpipe emissions at scale, with effective lifecycle GHG reductions constrained by the rate of decarbonization of steel production, battery production and EU electricity production. By 2035, embodied battery emissions are expected to be the dominant source of lifecycle emissions from electric vehicles. The environmental benefits of a BEV transition are primarily limited by the rate at which the vehicle stock can be electrified, with new electric vehicle sales contributing primarily to decarbonization in Northen and Western Europe. Combining the expected buildout of static charging infrastructure with a proposed pan-European Electric Road System (ERS) network is found to greatly accelerate the transition to electrified road transport, including in otherwise late-to-decarbonize segments, by removing cost, weight, and supply barriers to retrofitting older combustion engine cars with new electric powertrains. Other effects of an ERS network are found to be substantially reduced embodied emissions from BEV production, resulting from reduced battery capacity per vehicle, and reduced levelized freight costs. However, possibly insurmountable political and bureaucratic barriers must be overcome ERS to play an, The authors would especially like to thank the Swedish Traffic Administration for allowing the EVolution Road project to fund this independent study.

Graphical abstract Highlights • Aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphorus and potassium showed instability in refrigerated primary plasma tubes • All analytes, except lactate dehydrogenase, remained stable in refrigerated plasma aliquots • Postanalytical aliquoting extends add-on testing time window for plasma samples IntroductionClinical laboratories should guarantee sample stability in specific storage conditions for further analysis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the stability of plasma samples under refrigeration for 29 common biochemical analytes usually ordered within an emergency context, in order to determine the maximum allowable period for conducting add-on testing. Materials and methodsA total of 20 patient samples were collected in lithium heparin tubes without gel separator. All analyses were performed using Alinity systems (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, USA) and samples were stored at 2-8 °C. Measurements were conducted in primary plasma tubes at specific time points up to 48 hours, with an additional stability study in plasma aliquots extending the time storage up to 96 hours. The stability limit was estimated considering the total limit of change criteria. ResultsOf the 29 studied parameters, 24 demonstrated stabilities within a 48-hour storage period in primary plasma tubes. However, five analytes: aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase, inorganic phosphate and potassium evidenced instability at different time points (7.9 hours, 2.7 hours, 2.9 hours, 6.2 hours and 4.7 hours, respectively). The stability study in plasma aliquots showed that all parameters remained stable for 96 hours, except lactate dehydrogenase, with a stability limit of 63 hours. ConclusionsA reduced stability of primary plasma samples was observed for five common biochemical analytes ordered in an emergency context. To ensure the quality of add-on testing for these samples, plasma aliquots provide stability for a longer

Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a global health concern, disproportionately affecting the elderly with heightened cardiovascular risk. The emerging focus on the gut microbiota's role in CKD pathophysiology represents a pivotal area in nephrology; however, the evidence on this topic is limited. This observational prospective study, in the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus trial, investigates associations between gut microbiota composition and the 1-year trajectory of CKD in 343 participants aged 55–75 years with high cardiovascular risk. Materials and methods: Kidney function was assessed at baseline and at 1-year of follow-up through the estimated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin C (eGFR-CysC) and CKD defined by eGFR-CysC <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Participants were grouped based on their 1-year CKD trajectory: Group 1 maintained normal status or improved from CKD to normal, while Group 2 maintained CKD or worsened from normal to CKD. Fecal microbiota composition was assessed through 16S sequencing. Key findings: We observed differences in gut microbiota composition between CKD trajectory groups. Notably, the baseline relative abundance of Lachnoclostridium and Lachnospira, both butyrate-producing genera, was lower in participants maintaining or progressing to CKD. Longitudinally, a decrease in Lachnospira abundance was associated with CKD progression. The improved Chao1 index after 1-year follow-up suggests a link between enhanced microbial richness and stable/better kidney function. Significance: The findings underscore the potential of gut microbiota analysis in non-invasively monitoring CKD, especially in older populations, and hint at future interventions targeting gut microbiota to manage CKD progression. Further research is needed for causal relationships and generalizability.

Las narrativas y herramientas publicitarias han experimentado diversas evoluciones y cambios con la llegada de la era digital, con el fin de adaptarse a la sociedad actual. En esta reciente era han aparecido nuevas estrategias comunicativas que han ganado mayor protagonismo, entre las que podemos destacar los fashion films. El formato destaca por ser piezas audiovisuales que combinan cine, moda y publicidad, con una narrativa atractiva que es capaz de reflejar la identidad y los valores de marca consiguiendo una profunda conexión con el consumidor. Una emergente tendencia que ha generado un gran interés, sobre todo en la comunicación de moda en España. En este trabajo de investigación nos centraremos en un exhaustivo estudio del formato y en el análisis del film “El manifiesto de Lola” de Gsus López. Un estudio que permitirá obtener una visión general del subgénero y como este se encuentra en la actualidad.

El documento “Tipos de detección de colisiones: un entorno multimedia didáctico e interactivo” es el Trabajo de Fin de Grado de Jorge Reig Valera en Ingeniería Multimedia, realizado durante el curso 2023-2024 bajo la tutoría de Faraón Llorens Largo y Francisco José Gallego Durán. Este trabajo se centra en la detección de colisiones en dos dimensiones y su aplicación en entornos digitales, como los videojuegos. Se describen diversas técnicas y herramientas utilizadas para implementar estas detecciones, incluyendo los algoritmos Axis-Aligned Bounding Box (AABB), Separating Axis Theorem (SAT) y Gilbert-Johnson-Keerthi (GJK). El proyecto incluye el desarrollo de un sistema de detección de colisiones que utiliza estos algoritmos, así como un sistema de representación gráfica e interacción para ofrecer una experiencia educativa. La metodología empleada combina el análisis teórico con el desarrollo práctico de la aplicación, que permite a los usuarios interactuar y visualizar el funcionamiento de los algoritmos de detección de colisiones en tiempo real. De la mano de la implementación de los algoritmos, se redacta una explicación profunda de cómo funcionan y cuáles son sus propiedades, acompañada de figuras que facilitan seguir el hilo argumental de cada punto. Esto permite una comprensión clara y visual de cada método, resaltando sus características específicas. El objetivo principal del trabajo es crear una herramienta interactiva y didáctica que facilite el aprendizaje de técnicas avanzadas de detección de colisiones. La aplicación desarrollada proporciona una interfaz intuitiva que incluye botones para seleccionar diferentes algoritmos y ajustar parámetros de la simulación, mejorando así la comprensión de los métodos presentados.

En este proyecto se propone el desarrollo de una aplicación de comercio electrónico multiplataforma cuyo principal objetivo será permitir la gestión y la compra de productos de un almacén. La aplicación, diseñada para dispositivos móviles y desarrollada mediante tecnologías híbridas, será compatible tanto con sistemas operativos Android como iOS. A través de una interfaz web de gestión, se podrán introducir y administrar los productos disponibles, mientras que desde la aplicación móvil, los clientes podrán visualizar estos productos y realizar pedidos. El sistema contará con tres roles diferenciados: clientes, que podrán explorar y comprar productos; trabajadores, encargados de gestionar y actualizar el inventario de productos a través de la web de gestión; y administradores, que tendrán control total sobre la plataforma, pudiendo gestionar tanto usuarios como productos. Este proyecto busca facilitar y optimizar el proceso de compra y venta mediante una solución tecnológica integral y accesible desde diversas plataformas. Para el correcto funcionamiento de la aplicación, con el fin de centralizar todos los datos de los usuarios, será necesario implementar una parte de servidor o backend, que nos de acceso a estos datos y nos permita gestionarlos a través de una API REST. Para esto se utilizará el framework Laravel y se añadirá un módulo Web que permita el acceso al administrador para gestionar la plataforma.

This research focuses on analyzing the effect of high employment temporality on technical efficiency and productivity. Previous literature points out a set of benefits and drawbacks related to fixed-term contracts. To ascertain the influence of temporality on efficiency, the critical case of the hotel sector in the Canary Islands is studied where the temporary employment rate (40%). So this paper explores the effect of temporary employment on technical efficiency in the hotel sector of the Canary Islands (a Spanish region). The magnitude of this case study can be clearly checked, given that the Canary Islands is the most popular region in the European Union visited by residents. A production stochastic frontier is estimated by distinguishing between two types of employment: permanent and temporary. Results suggest that high levels of temporality tend to reduce technical efficiency and productivity. A high conversion rate from temporary to permanent jobs seems to increase efficiency. The contribution of this paper is threefold: (i) filling the gap in the literature on the influence of temporary employment on technical efficiency, evaluating its effect for a case study where job temporality is dramatically high, (ii) partial factor productivities for permanent and fixed-term workers are estimated, and (iii) exploring the influence of less studied variables like the level of conversion from fixed-term to permanent employment on efficiency. The findings can be relevant for human resources management for firms where temporary rates are high. Human resource management should consider the type of labor contracts used, as well as the perspectives of conversion into permanent ones for their temporary workers, given their potential influence in technical efficiency, labour productivity, and firm performance., Esta investigación se centra en analizar el efecto de la alta temporalidad del empleo sobre la eficiencia técnica y la productividad. La literatura previa señala un conjunto de beneficios e inconvenientes relacionados con los contratos temporales. Para conocer la influencia de la temporalidad sobre la eficiencia, se estudia el caso crítico del sector hotelero en Canarias donde la tasa de temporalidad es del 40%. Así, este trabajo explora el efecto de la temporalidad sobre la eficiencia técnica en el sector hotelero de Canarias (región española). La magnitud de este caso de estudio puede comprobarse claramente, dado que las Islas Canarias es la región de la Unión Europea más visitada por los residentes. Se estima una frontera estocástica de producción distinguiendo entre dos tipos de empleo: permanente y temporal. Los resultados sugieren que altos niveles de temporalidad tienden a reducir la eficiencia técnica y la productividad. Una alta tasa de conversión de empleos temporales a permanentes parece aumentar la eficiencia. La contribución de este trabajo es triple: (i) llenar el vacío en la literatura sobre la influencia del empleo temporal en la eficiencia técnica, evaluando su efecto para un caso de estudio en el que la temporalidad del empleo es dramáticamente alta, (ii) se estiman las productividades parciales de los factores para los trabajadores permanentes y de duración determinada, y (iii) se explora la influencia de variables menos estudiadas como el nivel de conversión de empleo de duración determinada a permanente en la eficiencia. Las conclusiones pueden ser relevantes para la gestión de los recursos humanos de las empresas en las que las tasas de temporalidad son elevadas. La gestión de recursos humanos debería considerar el tipo de contratos laborales utilizados, así como las perspectivas de conversión en indefinidos de sus trabajadores temporales, dada su potencial influencia en la eficiencia técnica, la productividad laboral y el rendimiento de la emp

La gamificación competitiva, implementada a través de concursos de programación, fomenta el interés y la implicación de los estudiantes. Sin embargo, el enfoque competitivo puede disminuir la colaboración entre los estudiantes. En este trabajo se plantea la utilización de tecnologías de comunicación basadas en mensajería instantánea para integrar técnicas de gamificación colaborativa con los elementos competitivos de los concursos de programación. Presentamos un enfoque consolidado durante varios años utilizando la herramienta Discord, junto con resultados cuantitativos de la participación y uso por parte de los alumnos de las herramientas propuestas y resultados de encuestas sobre su apreciación subjetiva de la utilidad de las mismas. Nuestros resultados muestran: (1) que este enfoque mejora la participación general del estudiante y el comportamiento colaborativo durante las tareas competitivas; (2) que la introducción de técnicas específicas facilita la identificación de las contribuciones más útiles y la evaluación de la actividad colaborativa y (3) que los estudiantes valoran positivamente la utilización de estas herramientas para fomentar la colaboración., Competitive gamification, implemented as programming contests is very effective in fostering student interest and engagement. However, the competitive approach sometimes diminishes the collaboration among students. In this paper, we propose using instant messaging-based communication technologies to integrate collaborative gamification techniques with the competitive elements of programming contests. We present an approach consolidated after several years, quantitative results of the participation and usage of the students of the proposed tools, and results obtained from students’ surveys about their subjective opinions of the utility of the proposed tools. Our results indicate that: (1) This approach improves the general participation of the students and their collaborative behavior during the competitive tasks; (2) The introduction of specific techniques simplifies the identification of the most useful contributions and the evaluation of the collaborative activities; and (3) The students positively value using these tools to improve collaboration.

El objetivo es desarrollar un videojuego completo para Game Boy, una consola de 8 bits de Nintendo, y escribir un manual de desarrollo para ésta. La finalidad del desarrollo es profundizar en el conocimiento de bajo nivel de programación en ingeniería, por lo que el videojuego será desarrollado íntegramente en ensamblador. Desarrollar un videojuego para una Game Boy requiere entender cómo funciona el hardware de la máquina, y cómo trabajan entre sí los distintos chips que contiene. El manual de desarrollo consistirá en una serie de guías sobre cómo implementar varias de funcionalidades, como mostrar sprites en pantalla y animarlos, o crear un motor ECS empezando de cero, culminando en completar un juego. El manual también desarrollará los detalles teóricos y técnicos de la arquitectura de la máquina que sean necesarios para comprender cada detalle de implementación que describe la guía. El objetivo del manual es poder ser usado por alguien sin previo conocimiento sobre una Game Boy para crear videojuegos sencillos, pero completamente funcionales para ésta.

En este trabajo se explora GPT4 para evaluar modelos mentales erróneos en estudiantes de programación en C++, comparándolo con las evaluaciones del profesorado. Pese a los retos para optimizar el consumo de tokens y minimizar costos, se descubrió que GPT4 tendía a identificar más modelos erróneos que el equipo docente. Sin embargo, un análisis más profundo indicó una coincidencia significativa entre GPT4 y las evaluaciones del profesorado en varios casos, sugiriendo su potencial utilidad en este contexto. Durante la investigación se ha detectado que un error específico en el tratamiento de las respuestas llevó a GPT4 a interpretaciones incorrectas debido a imprecisiones en los datos de entrada. Este hallazgo resalta la importancia de la precisión y el detalle en la preparación de los datos para análisis por IA. Al revisar las evaluaciones discrepantes entre GPT4 y el profesorado se concluyó que, en la mitad de ellas aproximadamente, las conclusiones de GPT4 eran más acertadas. Esto muestra que GPT4 puede usarse para enriquecer la comprensión y evaluación de los modelos mentales de los estudiantes por parte del equipo docente. Se concluye que GPT4 puede ser una herramienta valiosa para asistir en la evaluación de modelos mentales erróneos en estudiantes de programación, siempre que se maneje con cuidado el diseño del experimento y la calidad de los datos. Este enfoque permite no solo mejorar la eficiencia en el proceso evaluativo sino también repensar los propios criterios del profesorado, aprovechando la inteligencia artificial para complementar y enriquecer la enseñanza y evaluación., This paper explores the use of GPT4 to evaluate erroneous mental models in C++ programming students, comparing it with faculty evaluations. Despite the challenges of optimizing token consumption and minimizing costs, it was found that GPT4 tended to identify more erroneous models than the teaching staff. However, a deeper analysis indicated a significant match between GPT4 and faculty evaluations in several cases, suggesting its potential utility in this context. During the research, it was discovered that a specific error in the handling of responses led to incorrect interpretations by GPT4 due to inaccuracies in the input data. This finding highlights the importance of precision and detail in data preparation for AI analysis. Upon reviewing the discrepancies between GPT4 and the faculty evaluations, it was concluded that in about half of them, GPT4’s conclusions were more accurate. This demonstrates that GPT4 can be used to enhance the understanding and evaluation of students’ mental models by the teaching staff. It is concluded that GPT4 can be a valuable tool to assist in the evaluation of erroneous mental models in programming students, provided that the experiment design and data quality are carefully managed. This approach not only improves the efficiency of the evaluative process but also allows for a rethinking of the faculty’s own criteria, leveraging artificial intelligence to complement and enrich teaching and evaluation.

La programación de ordenadores constituye una materia básica para la formación del alumnado de los distintos grados universitarios de Ingeniería. Su contexto académico inicial suele consistir en un estudiantado sin conocimientos previos, que se enfrenta a asignaturas con curvas de aprendizaje exponencial y unas tasas de rendimiento y éxito por debajo de la media de las titulaciones donde se imparten. En este contexto, el empleo de metodologías de aprendizaje activo y de herramientas de autoevaluación permite al alumnado llevar a cabo un aprendizaje autodirigido, motivador y eficaz. A través del proyecto de innovación didáctica cuyos resultados se presentan en este artículo, se ha evaluado la eficacia de una metodología aprendizaje basada en problemas y herramientas de autoevaluación en la asignatura de Programación II, impartida en los cinco grados de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación de la Universidad de Málaga, durante el curso 2022-2023. El análisis de los resultados académicos obtenidos muestra unos niveles notables de adquisición de competencias básicas, específicas y transversales, además de unas tasas elevadas de motivación y satisfacción por parte del alumnado y del profesorado. Se observa también una mejora estadísticamente significativa en las tasas de éxito y rendimiento respecto a las obtenidas en cursos anteriores donde se seguía una metodología tradicional., Computer programming is a basic subject for the training of students in different university engineering degrees. Its initial academic context usually consists of students with no previous knowledge, who face subjects with exponential learning curves and performance and success rates below the average of the degrees where they are taught. In this context, the use of active learning methodologies and self-assessment tools allows students to carry out self-directed, motivating and effective learning. Through the didactic innovation project whose results are presented in this article, the effectiveness of a learning methodology based on problems and self-assessment tools has been evaluated in the subject of Programming II, taught in the five degrees of Telecommunications Engineering at the University of Málaga, during the 2022-2023 academic year. The analysis of the academic results obtained shows notable levels of acquisition of basic, specific and transversal competences, as well as high rates of motivation and satisfaction on the part of students and teaching staff. There has also been a statistically significant improvement in the success and performance rates with respect to those obtained in previous years where a traditional methodology was followed.

Manual de Producción y Realización Audiovisual en 7 temas más anexos que parte de la fase de proyecto y culmina en un tema de especialización en realización publicitaria. Recorrido por las distintas fases de una producción audiovisual, desde su fase de creación hasta su puesta en serie y distribución / difusión.

Contenidos prácticos y explicación de sus modos de realización insertos en la asignatura de Técnicas de Comunicación Audiovisual.

In this paper we build a network-based model to evaluate and compare vaccination plans in order to find the optimal strategies. The age-structured model is designed to take into account the comorbidity status and vaccination hesitancy of the population. The network-based model is calibrated to reported infected cases and deaths in the USA in order to obtain an approximated realistic scenario to test the vaccination strategies. We adapt an algorithm that is based on Bayesian optimization over permutation spaces with heuristics in order to deal with the discrete space of the vaccination strategies. We also developed an ad-hoc randomized algorithm which has a higher computational cost. Both algorithms provide similar patterns of the best found vaccination strategies. We find that these best vaccination plans prioritize the age-groups 40–59 and 60–69 years old, both with comorbidities. This result shows the highly nonlinear complexity related to the problem and its dependence on social contacts and case fatality rates. The developed network-based model adapts well to the uncertainty and heterogeneity of the real world situation and allows us to assess the efficacy of many vaccination strategies. The stochastic nature of the simulations enables us to explore additional potential scenarios and the findings offer useful information for developing vaccination plans for other future potential pandemics.

Entrevista documental realizada a tres cámaras para su posterior montaje y utilización documental

Efectuar un permanente y ágil seguimiento del acervo bibliográfico y mejorar los análisis críticos del estado de la cuestión sobre el devenir de las publicaciones sobre la nieve, el hielo y el frío en la Edad Moderna requiere un constante otear el mercado editorial. El objetivo esencial es averiguar, en la medida de lo posible, cuáles han sido los derroteros experimentados en el pasado, cuáles son los acontecidos en el presente y cuáles serán, hipotéticamente, los futuros sesgos que puede experimentar dicha problemática. La historiografía se construye en función de un estado sistemático de alerta., A permanent and agile monitoring of the bibliographic collection and the improvement of critical analyses of the state of the art on the development of publications on snow, ice and cold in the Modern Age requires a constant scanning of the publishing market. The essential objective is to find out, as far as possible, which paths have been followed in the past, which are the present ones, and what hypothetically will be the future biases that the issues resolving this topic may undergo. Historiography is built on the basis of a systematic state of alert.