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Decarbonization of ports is a major goal to reduce their global carbon footprint. The port of Hvide Sande is located on the coast of the North Sea in Denmark and it has the potential to utilize various renewable energy sources. Wind and solar thermal parks are already installed there. Wave energy is an alternative to solar and wind energies and its advantage is the spatial concentration, predictability, and persistence. Heat to the town is provided by Hvide Sande Fjernvarme. In this work, it is investigated if the heat demand could be fully covered by renewable energies. Power profiles for each renewable energy resource were calculated using 30 years of re-analysis environmental data. Long, mid, and short term time series of power supply has been statistically and quantitatively examined. Considering the heat demand of Hvide Sande, the lowest frequency of zero occurrence in power generation can be ensured by the combination of wind, solar energy and wave. The article also estimated the capacity for Lithium-ion batteries. The optimal size of the battery is found by the bisection method. Finally, different combinations of renewable energy and demand as well as batteries are evaluated. The lowest zero occurrences in power production is met by the mix of three renewable energies. Also, the mix of three renewable energies significantly reduces the value of energy, required from the battery.

Decarbonization of ports is a major goal to reduce their global carbon footprint. The port of Hvide Sande is located on the coast of the North Sea in Denmark and it has the potential to utilize various renewable energy sources. Wind and solar thermal parks are already installed there. Wave energy is an alternative to solar and wind energies and its advantage is the spatial concentration, predictability, and persistence. Heat to the town is provided by Hvide Sande Fjernvarme. In this work, it is investigated if the heat demand could be fully covered by renewable energies. Power profiles for each renewable energy resource were calculated using 30 years of re-analysis environmental data. Long, mid, and short term time series of power supply has been statistically and quantitatively examined. Considering the heat demand of Hvide Sande, the lowest frequency of zero occurrence in power generation can be ensured by the combination of wind, solar energy and wave. The article also estimated the capacity for Lithium-ion batteries. The optimal size of the battery is found by the bisection method. Finally, different combinations of renewable energy and demand as well as batteries are evaluated. The lowest zero occurrences in power production is met by the mix of three renewable energies. Also, the mix of three renewable energies significantly reduces the value of energy, required from the battery.

Anthropogenic activities and their influences on aquatic systems is an important topic, especially considering the growing interest in using the earth's resources in a sustainable way. One of those anthropogenic activities is the introduction of renewable technologies into the aquatic environment such as instream turbines. Environmental studies around those technologies are often still ongoing due to their novelty. During the spring of 2018, juvenile individuals of two salmonid species, Atlantic salmon and brown trout were released upstream a vertical axis instream turbine in the river Dal (Dalälven) in eastern Sweden. The aim of this study was to investigate the swimming behavior of the salmonids around a small-scale prototype vertical axis instream turbine. The swimming pattern and the possible response of avoiding the vertical axis instream turbine were documented with a multi beam sonar. A control area, next to the turbine, was used as reference. No consistent results were shown for trout as they were passing the control area with a statistically high variation, and specimens were rarely observed in proximity of the turbine, neither if the turbine was operating nor at stand still. Salmon clearly avoided the operating turbine, but did not avoid the turbine when it was at stand still, and was often observed swimming straight through the turbine area. These findings indicate that operating this type of instream turbine in a river affects the swimming behavior of Atlantic salmon but is unlikely to affect its migration paths. For brown trout, the statistical results are inconclusive, although data indicate a response of avoiding the turbine. The species are in little risk to suffer physical harm as no fish entered the rotating turbine, despite very turbid water conditions.

Anthropogenic activities and their influences on aquatic systems is an important topic, especially considering the growing interest in using the earth's resources in a sustainable way. One of those anthropogenic activities is the introduction of renewable technologies into the aquatic environment such as instream turbines. Environmental studies around those technologies are often still ongoing due to their novelty. During the spring of 2018, juvenile individuals of two salmonid species, Atlantic salmon and brown trout were released upstream a vertical axis instream turbine in the river Dal (Dalälven) in eastern Sweden. The aim of this study was to investigate the swimming behavior of the salmonids around a small-scale prototype vertical axis instream turbine. The swimming pattern and the possible response of avoiding the vertical axis instream turbine were documented with a multi beam sonar. A control area, next to the turbine, was used as reference. No consistent results were shown for trout as they were passing the control area with a statistically high variation, and specimens were rarely observed in proximity of the turbine, neither if the turbine was operating nor at stand still. Salmon clearly avoided the operating turbine, but did not avoid the turbine when it was at stand still, and was often observed swimming straight through the turbine area. These findings indicate that operating this type of instream turbine in a river affects the swimming behavior of Atlantic salmon but is unlikely to affect its migration paths. For brown trout, the statistical results are inconclusive, although data indicate a response of avoiding the turbine. The species are in little risk to suffer physical harm as no fish entered the rotating turbine, despite very turbid water conditions.

Anthropogenic activities and their influences on aquatic systems is an important topic, especially considering the growing interest in using the earth's resources in a sustainable way. One of those anthropogenic activities is the introduction of renewable technologies into the aquatic environment such as instream turbines. Environmental studies around those technologies are often still ongoing due to their novelty. During the spring of 2018, juvenile individuals of two salmonid species, Atlantic salmon and brown trout were released upstream a vertical axis instream turbine in the river Dal (Dalälven) in eastern Sweden. The aim of this study was to investigate the swimming behavior of the salmonids around a small-scale prototype vertical axis instream turbine. The swimming pattern and the possible response of avoiding the vertical axis instream turbine were documented with a multi beam sonar. A control area, next to the turbine, was used as reference. No consistent results were shown for trout as they were passing the control area with a statistically high variation, and specimens were rarely observed in proximity of the turbine, neither if the turbine was operating nor at stand still. Salmon clearly avoided the operating turbine, but did not avoid the turbine when it was at stand still, and was often observed swimming straight through the turbine area. These findings indicate that operating this type of instream turbine in a river affects the swimming behavior of Atlantic salmon but is unlikely to affect its migration paths. For brown trout, the statistical results are inconclusive, although data indicate a response of avoiding the turbine. The species are in little risk to suffer physical harm as no fish entered the rotating turbine, despite very turbid water conditions.

Decarbonization of ports is a major goal to reduce their global carbon footprint. The port of Hvide Sande is located on the coast of the North Sea in Denmark and it has the potential to utilize various renewable energy sources. Wind and solar thermal parks are already installed there. Wave energy is an alternative to solar and wind energies and its advantage is the spatial concentration, predictability, and persistence. Heat to the town is provided by Hvide Sande Fjernvarme. In this work, it is investigated if the heat demand could be fully covered by renewable energies. Power profiles for each renewable energy resource were calculated using 30 years of re-analysis environmental data. Long, mid, and short term time series of power supply has been statistically and quantitatively examined. Considering the heat demand of Hvide Sande, the lowest frequency of zero occurrence in power generation can be ensured by the combination of wind, solar energy and wave. The article also estimated the capacity for Lithium-ion batteries. The optimal size of the battery is found by the bisection method. Finally, different combinations of renewable energy and demand as well as batteries are evaluated. The lowest zero occurrences in power production is met by the mix of three renewable energies. Also, the mix of three renewable energies significantly reduces the value of energy, required from the battery.

Decarbonization of ports is a major goal to reduce their global carbon footprint. The port of Hvide Sande is located on the coast of the North Sea in Denmark and it has the potential to utilize various renewable energy sources. Wind and solar thermal parks are already installed there. Wave energy is an alternative to solar and wind energies and its advantage is the spatial concentration, predictability, and persistence. Heat to the town is provided by Hvide Sande Fjernvarme. In this work, it is investigated if the heat demand could be fully covered by renewable energies. Power profiles for each renewable energy resource were calculated using 30 years of re-analysis environmental data. Long, mid, and short term time series of power supply has been statistically and quantitatively examined. Considering the heat demand of Hvide Sande, the lowest frequency of zero occurrence in power generation can be ensured by the combination of wind, solar energy and wave. The article also estimated the capacity for Lithium-ion batteries. The optimal size of the battery is found by the bisection method. Finally, different combinations of renewable energy and demand as well as batteries are evaluated. The lowest zero occurrences in power production is met by the mix of three renewable energies. Also, the mix of three renewable energies significantly reduces the value of energy, required from the battery.

Anthropogenic activities and their influences on aquatic systems is an important topic, especially considering the growing interest in using the earth's resources in a sustainable way. One of those anthropogenic activities is the introduction of renewable technologies into the aquatic environment such as instream turbines. Environmental studies around those technologies are often still ongoing due to their novelty. During the spring of 2018, juvenile individuals of two salmonid species, Atlantic salmon and brown trout were released upstream a vertical axis instream turbine in the river Dal (Dalälven) in eastern Sweden. The aim of this study was to investigate the swimming behavior of the salmonids around a small-scale prototype vertical axis instream turbine. The swimming pattern and the possible response of avoiding the vertical axis instream turbine were documented with a multi beam sonar. A control area, next to the turbine, was used as reference. No consistent results were shown for trout as they were passing the control area with a statistically high variation, and specimens were rarely observed in proximity of the turbine, neither if the turbine was operating nor at stand still. Salmon clearly avoided the operating turbine, but did not avoid the turbine when it was at stand still, and was often observed swimming straight through the turbine area. These findings indicate that operating this type of instream turbine in a river affects the swimming behavior of Atlantic salmon but is unlikely to affect its migration paths. For brown trout, the statistical results are inconclusive, although data indicate a response of avoiding the turbine. The species are in little risk to suffer physical harm as no fish entered the rotating turbine, despite very turbid water conditions.

Anthropogenic activities and their influences on aquatic systems is an important topic, especially considering the growing interest in using the earth's resources in a sustainable way. One of those anthropogenic activities is the introduction of renewable technologies into the aquatic environment such as instream turbines. Environmental studies around those technologies are often still ongoing due to their novelty. During the spring of 2018, juvenile individuals of two salmonid species, Atlantic salmon and brown trout were released upstream a vertical axis instream turbine in the river Dal (Dalälven) in eastern Sweden. The aim of this study was to investigate the swimming behavior of the salmonids around a small-scale prototype vertical axis instream turbine. The swimming pattern and the possible response of avoiding the vertical axis instream turbine were documented with a multi beam sonar. A control area, next to the turbine, was used as reference. No consistent results were shown for trout as they were passing the control area with a statistically high variation, and specimens were rarely observed in proximity of the turbine, neither if the turbine was operating nor at stand still. Salmon clearly avoided the operating turbine, but did not avoid the turbine when it was at stand still, and was often observed swimming straight through the turbine area. These findings indicate that operating this type of instream turbine in a river affects the swimming behavior of Atlantic salmon but is unlikely to affect its migration paths. For brown trout, the statistical results are inconclusive, although data indicate a response of avoiding the turbine. The species are in little risk to suffer physical harm as no fish entered the rotating turbine, despite very turbid water conditions.

Phenotypic plasticity is a property of bean crops in response to environmental stimuli, including nitrogen fertilization. This plant is endemic to Mexico and there are multiple genetic variants, which adapt to the different climates and microclimates of the country. Regarding the Valley of Tehuacán, Puebla, it is considered the center of origin of agriculture inMesoamerica, because the oldest remains of corn and beans are datedthere. Thus, the objective was: to evaluate the phenotypic plasticity of a bean from the Central Valleys of Oaxaca whensownin the Valley of Tehuacán,Puebla. The research was conducted under field conditions in Tehuacán, Puebla. The germplasm was the cultivar Rocha, which corresponds to abean withblack seedsand indeterminate growth. The treatments consisted of four levels of nitrogen 0; 50; 100 and 150 kg ha-1and four repetitions, which were evaluated under a randomized complete block design. The response variables were: SPAD units, seed yield, total dry biomass, harvest index, heat units, evapotranspiration and incidence of bean bacterial blight. The results indicate that the highest agronomic yield was in treatments T2and T1with 8.74 and 7.09 g plant-1, while the highest biological yield was 22.15 g plant-1, forthe treatmentT2. The thermal integral was 1 322 HU, while the total evapotranspiration was 217.94 mm. Thus, the highest incidence of blight occurred in the control with 1.23%.It is concluded thatthecv. Rocha can be a production alternative in the Valley of Tehuacán, La plasticidad fenotípica es una propiedad que tiene el cultivo de frijol, como respuesta a estímulos ambientales incluida la fertilización nitrogenada. Esta planta es endémica de México y existen múltiples variantes genéticas, las cuales se adaptan a los diferentes climas y microclimas del país. Respecto al Valle de Tehuacán, Puebla, es considerado el centro de origen de la agricultura en Mesoamérica, porque en él se datan los restos más antiguos de maíz y frijol. Así el objetivo fue: evaluar la plasticidad fenotípica de un frijol de los Valles Centrales de Oaxaca, cuando es sembrado en el Valle de Tehuacán Puebla. La investigación se llevó a cabo bajo condiciones de campo en Tehuacán, Puebla. El germoplasma fue el cultivar. Rocha, que corresponde a un frijol de semilla negra y crecimiento indeterminado. Los tratamientos consistieron en cuatro niveles de nitrógeno 0; 50; 100 y 150 kg ha-1 y cuatro repeticiones, que se evaluaron bajo un diseño de bloques completos al azar. Las variables de respuesta fueron: unidades SPAD, rendimiento de semilla, biomasa seca total, índice de cosecha, unidades calor, evapotranspiración e incidencia de la bacteriosis del frijol. Los resultados indican que el mayor rendimiento agronómico fue en los tratamientos T2 y T1 con: 8.74 y 7.09 g planta-1, mientras que el rendimiento biológico mayor fue 22.15 g planta-1, para el tratamiento T2. La integral térmica fue 1 322 UC, mientras que la evapotranspiración total fue 217.94 mm. Así la mayor incidencia del tizón ocurrió en el testigo con 1.23%. Se concluye, que el cv. Rocha puede ser una alternativa de producción en el Valle de Tehuacán

Decarbonization of ports is a major goal to reduce their global carbon footprint. The port of Hvide Sande is located on the coast of the North Sea in Denmark and it has the potential to utilize various renewable energy sources. Wind and solar thermal parks are already installed there. Wave energy is an alternative to solar and wind energies and its advantage is the spatial concentration, predictability, and persistence. Heat to the town is provided by Hvide Sande Fjernvarme. In this work, it is investigated if the heat demand could be fully covered by renewable energies. Power profiles for each renewable energy resource were calculated using 30 years of re-analysis environmental data. Long, mid, and short term time series of power supply has been statistically and quantitatively examined. Considering the heat demand of Hvide Sande, the lowest frequency of zero occurrence in power generation can be ensured by the combination of wind, solar energy and wave. The article also estimated the capacity for Lithium-ion batteries. The optimal size of the battery is found by the bisection method. Finally, different combinations of renewable energy and demand as well as batteries are evaluated. The lowest zero occurrences in power production is met by the mix of three renewable energies. Also, the mix of three renewable energies significantly reduces the value of energy, required from the battery.

Decarbonization of ports is a major goal to reduce their global carbon footprint. The port of Hvide Sande is located on the coast of the North Sea in Denmark and it has the potential to utilize various renewable energy sources. Wind and solar thermal parks are already installed there. Wave energy is an alternative to solar and wind energies and its advantage is the spatial concentration, predictability, and persistence. Heat to the town is provided by Hvide Sande Fjernvarme. In this work, it is investigated if the heat demand could be fully covered by renewable energies. Power profiles for each renewable energy resource were calculated using 30 years of re-analysis environmental data. Long, mid, and short term time series of power supply has been statistically and quantitatively examined. Considering the heat demand of Hvide Sande, the lowest frequency of zero occurrence in power generation can be ensured by the combination of wind, solar energy and wave. The article also estimated the capacity for Lithium-ion batteries. The optimal size of the battery is found by the bisection method. Finally, different combinations of renewable energy and demand as well as batteries are evaluated. The lowest zero occurrences in power production is met by the mix of three renewable energies. Also, the mix of three renewable energies significantly reduces the value of energy, required from the battery., Offshore Engineering

Environmental data is crucial for planning, permitting, execution and post construction monitoring of marine renewable energy projects. In harsh conditions in which marine renewable energy is harvested, integrated monitoring platforms comprising multibeam imaging sonar systems coupled with other sensors can provide multi-dimensional data of the marine environment surrounding marine renewable energy installations. The aim of this study was to test the possibilities of observing the occurrence of fish and marine mammals using a multibeam imaging sonar system deployed at a wave power test site. The results obtained from a ten-day data set proved the platform as suitable for long time underwater monitoring and also revealed that the occurrence of fish and marine mammals was distributed across characteristic time and space domains. Large fish [>0.4 m] frequently occurred at night-time and near the benthic zone. Small fish [<0.2 m] frequently occurred during daylight and within the pelagic zone. The occurrence of seals was periodically distributed along a daily cycle, with intervals of 1 – 2 hours between maxima and minima. In conclusion, the use of multibeam imaging sonar can be a reliable technique for the qualitative and quantitative observations of fish and marine mammals in general and at marine renewable energy sites specifically, including protected and economically important species.

[ES] El proyecto se centra en la creación de un eje de conexión con el centro ciudad, así como otro eje a nivel de barrio, cuya idea principal es recuperar las prexistencias de la época industrial del barrio de la Creu Coberta que han quedado abandonadas. Comenzando en la nave de Macosa y finalizando, al sur en la antigua fábrica de cervezas ¿El Turia¿, la cuál será objeto de estudio y proyecto. Manteniendo la huella de la antigua fábrica de cerveza, se crea un espacio generador de vida y conector entre los barrios de Jesús y Malilla, potenciando a su vez el patrimonio industrial existente. Las preexistencias en gran medida se utilizan como elemento de encuentro y espacios exteriores cubiertos, así como zonas de estar, exposición, y coworking en las plantas superiores. El volumen de obra nueva incluye vivienda colectiva para jóvenes emprendedores., [EN] The project focuses on the creation of an axis of connection with the city center, as well as another axis at the neighborhood level, whose main idea is to recover the pre-existing industrial era of the Creu Coberta neighborhood that have been abandoned. Starting in the Macosa warehouse and ending, to the south in the old ¿El Turia¿ beer factory, which will be the object of study and project. Maintaining the footprint of the old brewery, a space generating life and connection between the neighborhoods of Jesús and Malilla is created, in turn enhancing the existing industrial heritage.Pre-stocks are largely used as a gathering element and covered outdoor spaces, as well as living, exhibition, and coworking areas on the upper floors. The volume of new construction includes collective housing for young entrepreneur

[ES] El proyecto se centra en la creación de un eje de conexión con el centro ciudad, así como otro eje a nivel de barrio, cuya idea principal es recuperar las prexistencias de la época industrial del barrio de la Creu Coberta que han quedado abandonadas. Comenzando en la nave de Macosa y finalizando, al sur en la antigua fábrica de cervezas ¿El Turia¿, la cuál será objeto de estudio y proyecto. Manteniendo la huella de la antigua fábrica de cerveza, se crea un espacio generador de vida y conector entre los barrios de Jesús y Malilla, potenciando a su vez el patrimonio industrial existente. Las preexistencias en gran medida se utilizan como elemento de encuentro y espacios exteriores cubiertos, así como zonas de estar, exposición, y coworking en las plantas superiores. El volumen de obra nueva incluye vivienda colectiva para jóvenes emprendedores., [EN] The project focuses on the creation of an axis of connection with the city center, as well as another axis at the neighborhood level, whose main idea is to recover the pre-existing industrial era of the Creu Coberta neighborhood that have been abandoned. Starting in the Macosa warehouse and ending, to the south in the old ¿El Turia¿ beer factory, which will be the object of study and project. Maintaining the footprint of the old brewery, a space generating life and connection between the neighborhoods of Jesús and Malilla is created, in turn enhancing the existing industrial heritage.Pre-stocks are largely used as a gathering element and covered outdoor spaces, as well as living, exhibition, and coworking areas on the upper floors. The volume of new construction includes collective housing for young entrepreneur

[ES] El proyecto se centra en la creación de un eje de conexión con el centro ciudad, así como otro eje a nivel de barrio, cuya idea principal es recuperar las prexistencias de la época industrial del barrio de la Creu Coberta que han quedado abandonadas. Comenzando en la nave de Macosa y finalizando, al sur en la antigua fábrica de cervezas ¿El Turia¿, la cuál será objeto de estudio y proyecto. Manteniendo la huella de la antigua fábrica de cerveza, se crea un espacio generador de vida y conector entre los barrios de Jesús y Malilla, potenciando a su vez el patrimonio industrial existente. Las preexistencias en gran medida se utilizan como elemento de encuentro y espacios exteriores cubiertos, así como zonas de estar, exposición, y coworking en las plantas superiores. El volumen de obra nueva incluye vivienda colectiva para jóvenes emprendedores., [EN] The project focuses on the creation of an axis of connection with the city center, as well as another axis at the neighborhood level, whose main idea is to recover the pre-existing industrial era of the Creu Coberta neighborhood that have been abandoned. Starting in the Macosa warehouse and ending, to the south in the old ¿El Turia¿ beer factory, which will be the object of study and project. Maintaining the footprint of the old brewery, a space generating life and connection between the neighborhoods of Jesús and Malilla is created, in turn enhancing the existing industrial heritage.Pre-stocks are largely used as a gathering element and covered outdoor spaces, as well as living, exhibition, and coworking areas on the upper floors. The volume of new construction includes collective housing for young entrepreneur

[ES] El proyecto se centra en la creación de un eje de conexión con el centro ciudad, así como otro eje a nivel de barrio, cuya idea principal es recuperar las prexistencias de la época industrial del barrio de la Creu Coberta que han quedado abandonadas. Comenzando en la nave de Macosa y finalizando, al sur en la antigua fábrica de cervezas ¿El Turia¿, la cuál será objeto de estudio y proyecto. Manteniendo la huella de la antigua fábrica de cerveza, se crea un espacio generador de vida y conector entre los barrios de Jesús y Malilla, potenciando a su vez el patrimonio industrial existente. Las preexistencias en gran medida se utilizan como elemento de encuentro y espacios exteriores cubiertos, así como zonas de estar, exposición, y coworking en las plantas superiores. El volumen de obra nueva incluye vivienda colectiva para jóvenes emprendedores., [EN] The project focuses on the creation of an axis of connection with the city center, as well as another axis at the neighborhood level, whose main idea is to recover the pre-existing industrial era of the Creu Coberta neighborhood that have been abandoned. Starting in the Macosa warehouse and ending, to the south in the old ¿El Turia¿ beer factory, which will be the object of study and project. Maintaining the footprint of the old brewery, a space generating life and connection between the neighborhoods of Jesús and Malilla is created, in turn enhancing the existing industrial heritage.Pre-stocks are largely used as a gathering element and covered outdoor spaces, as well as living, exhibition, and coworking areas on the upper floors. The volume of new construction includes collective housing for young entrepreneur

Environmental data is crucial for planning, permitting, execution and post construction monitoring of marine renewable energy projects. In harsh conditions in which marine renewable energy is harvested, integrated monitoring platforms comprising multibeam imaging sonar systems coupled with other sensors can provide multi-dimensional data of the marine environment surrounding marine renewable energy installations. The aim of this study was to test the possibilities of observing the occurrence of fish and marine mammals using a multibeam imaging sonar system deployed at a wave power test site. The results obtained from a ten-day data set proved the platform as suitable for long time underwater monitoring and also revealed that the occurrence of fish and marine mammals was distributed across characteristic time and space domains. Large fish [>0.4 m] frequently occurred at night-time and near the benthic zone. Small fish [<0.2 m] frequently occurred during daylight and within the pelagic zone. The occurrence of seals was periodically distributed along a daily cycle, with intervals of 1 – 2 hours between maxima and minima. In conclusion, the use of multibeam imaging sonar can be a reliable technique for the qualitative and quantitative observations of fish and marine mammals in general and at marine renewable energy sites specifically, including protected and economically important species.

Environmental data is crucial for planning, permitting, execution and post construction monitoring of marine renewable energy projects. In harsh conditions in which marine renewable energy is harvested, integrated monitoring platforms comprising multibeam imaging sonar systems coupled with other sensors can provide multi-dimensional data of the marine environment surrounding marine renewable energy installations. The aim of this study was to test the possibilities of observing the occurrence of fish and marine mammals using a multibeam imaging sonar system deployed at a wave power test site. The results obtained from a ten-day data set proved the platform as suitable for long time underwater monitoring and also revealed that the occurrence of fish and marine mammals was distributed across characteristic time and space domains. Large fish [>0.4 m] frequently occurred at night-time and near the benthic zone. Small fish [<0.2 m] frequently occurred during daylight and within the pelagic zone. The occurrence of seals was periodically distributed along a daily cycle, with intervals of 1 – 2 hours between maxima and minima. In conclusion, the use of multibeam imaging sonar can be a reliable technique for the qualitative and quantitative observations of fish and marine mammals in general and at marine renewable energy sites specifically, including protected and economically important species.

Environmental data is crucial for planning, permitting, execution and post construction monitoring of marine renewable energy projects. In harsh conditions in which marine renewable energy is harvested, integrated monitoring platforms comprising multibeam imaging sonar systems coupled with other sensors can provide multi-dimensional data of the marine environment surrounding marine renewable energy installations. The aim of this study was to test the possibilities of observing the occurrence of fish and marine mammals using a multibeam imaging sonar system deployed at a wave power test site. The results obtained from a ten-day data set proved the platform as suitable for long time underwater monitoring and also revealed that the occurrence of fish and marine mammals was distributed across characteristic time and space domains. Large fish [>0.4 m] frequently occurred at night-time and near the benthic zone. Small fish [<0.2 m] frequently occurred during daylight and within the pelagic zone. The occurrence of seals was periodically distributed along a daily cycle, with intervals of 1 – 2 hours between maxima and minima. In conclusion, the use of multibeam imaging sonar can be a reliable technique for the qualitative and quantitative observations of fish and marine mammals in general and at marine renewable energy sites specifically, including protected and economically important species.

Environmental data is crucial for planning, permitting, execution and post construction monitoring of marine renewable energy projects. In harsh conditions in which marine renewable energy is harvested, integrated monitoring platforms comprising multibeam imaging sonar systems coupled with other sensors can provide multi-dimensional data of the marine environment surrounding marine renewable energy installations. The aim of this study was to test the possibilities of observing the occurrence of fish and marine mammals using a multibeam imaging sonar system deployed at a wave power test site. The results obtained from a ten-day data set proved the platform as suitable for long time underwater monitoring and also revealed that the occurrence of fish and marine mammals was distributed across characteristic time and space domains. Large fish [>0.4 m] frequently occurred at night-time and near the benthic zone. Small fish [<0.2 m] frequently occurred during daylight and within the pelagic zone. The occurrence of seals was periodically distributed along a daily cycle, with intervals of 1 – 2 hours between maxima and minima. In conclusion, the use of multibeam imaging sonar can be a reliable technique for the qualitative and quantitative observations of fish and marine mammals in general and at marine renewable energy sites specifically, including protected and economically important species.

[ES] Actualmente, la Estación Depuradora de Aguas Residuales (EDAR) de la Cuenca del Carraixet, ubicada en el municipio de Alboraya en la provincia de Valencia, se caracteriza por ser un proyecto medioambiental, centrado principalmente en la depuración de las aguas residuales urbanas a fin de cumplir la ordenanza de vertido del efluente tratado con la ayuda de procesos físicos, químicos y biológicos. Al mismo tiempo, emplean el biogás generado como combustible para cubrir parte de su autoconsumo energético, no obstante, los motores de cogeneración no son capaces de abastecer la totalidad de su demanda energética, haciendo que la EDAR deba recurrir al suministro eléctrico por la compañía distribuidora correspondiente. Por último, con el fango deshidratado, lo exportan para que sirva como materia prima, promoviendo una economía circular. Para resolver el inconveniente de la importación de parte de la energía eléctrica y continuar con una dinámica de sostenibilidad medioambiental, el presente TFM estudia la posibilidad de implementar un sistema híbrido de generación de energía eléctrica combinado por motores de cogeneración y módulos fotovoltaicos, caracterizando los recursos renovables requeridos, analizando la disposición de la planta y el marco normativo que la compete, y realizando un estudio de viabilidad económico y de impacto ambiental., [CA] Actualment, l’Estació Depuradora d’Aigües Residuals (EDAR) de la Conca del Carraixet, ubicada en el municipi d’Alboraia en la província de València, es caracteritza per ser un projecte mediambiental, centrat principalment en la depuració de les aigües residuals urbanes a fi de complir l’ordenança d’abocament de l’efluent tractat amb l’ajuda de processos físics, químics i biològics. Al mateix temps, empren el biogàs generat com a combustible per a cobrir part del seu autoconsum energètic, no obstant això, els motors de cogeneració no són capaços d’abastir la totalitat de la seua demanda energètica, fent que l’EDAR haja de recórrer al subministrament elèctric per la companyia distribuïdora corresponent. Finalment, amb el fang deshidratat, ho exporten perquè servisca com a matèria primera, promovent una economia circular. Per a resoldre l’inconvenient de la importació de part de l’energia elèctrica i continuar amb una dinàmica de sostenibilitat mediambiental, el present TFM estudia la possibilitat d’implementar un sistema híbrid de generació d’energia elèctrica combinat per motors de cogeneració i mòduls fotovoltaics, caracteritzant els recursos renovables requerits, analitzant la disposició de la planta i el marc nomatiu que la competix, i realitzant un estudi de viabilitat econòmic i d’impacte ambiental., [EN] Currently, the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) of the Carraixet Basin, located in the municipality of Alboraya in the province of Valencia, it is characterized by being an environmental project, focused mainly on the purification of urban wastewater in order to comply with the dumping ordinance of the treated effluent with the help of physical, chemical and biological processes. At the same time, they use the biogas generated as fuel to cover part of their energy self-consumption, however, cogeneration engines are not able to supply their entire energy demand, WWTP must rely on power by the relevant distribution company. Finally, with the dehydrated sludge, export it to serve as a raw material, promoting a circular economy. To solve the inconvenience of importing some of the electricity and continue with a dynamic of environmental sustainability, the present Master s Final Work studies the possibility of implementing a hybrid electricity generation system combined by cogeneration motors and photovoltaic modules, characterizing the required renewable resources, analyzing the plant s layout and the regulatory framework that is responsible for, and conducting a study of economic viability and environmental impact.

[ES] Actualmente, la Estación Depuradora de Aguas Residuales (EDAR) de la Cuenca del Carraixet, ubicada en el municipio de Alboraya en la provincia de Valencia, se caracteriza por ser un proyecto medioambiental, centrado principalmente en la depuración de las aguas residuales urbanas a fin de cumplir la ordenanza de vertido del efluente tratado con la ayuda de procesos físicos, químicos y biológicos. Al mismo tiempo, emplean el biogás generado como combustible para cubrir parte de su autoconsumo energético, no obstante, los motores de cogeneración no son capaces de abastecer la totalidad de su demanda energética, haciendo que la EDAR deba recurrir al suministro eléctrico por la compañía distribuidora correspondiente. Por último, con el fango deshidratado, lo exportan para que sirva como materia prima, promoviendo una economía circular. Para resolver el inconveniente de la importación de parte de la energía eléctrica y continuar con una dinámica de sostenibilidad medioambiental, el presente TFM estudia la posibilidad de implementar un sistema híbrido de generación de energía eléctrica combinado por motores de cogeneración y módulos fotovoltaicos, caracterizando los recursos renovables requeridos, analizando la disposición de la planta y el marco normativo que la compete, y realizando un estudio de viabilidad económico y de impacto ambiental., [CA] Actualment, l’Estació Depuradora d’Aigües Residuals (EDAR) de la Conca del Carraixet, ubicada en el municipi d’Alboraia en la província de València, es caracteritza per ser un projecte mediambiental, centrat principalment en la depuració de les aigües residuals urbanes a fi de complir l’ordenança d’abocament de l’efluent tractat amb l’ajuda de processos físics, químics i biològics. Al mateix temps, empren el biogàs generat com a combustible per a cobrir part del seu autoconsum energètic, no obstant això, els motors de cogeneració no són capaços d’abastir la totalitat de la seua demanda energètica, fent que l’EDAR haja de recórrer al subministrament elèctric per la companyia distribuïdora corresponent. Finalment, amb el fang deshidratat, ho exporten perquè servisca com a matèria primera, promovent una economia circular. Per a resoldre l’inconvenient de la importació de part de l’energia elèctrica i continuar amb una dinàmica de sostenibilitat mediambiental, el present TFM estudia la possibilitat d’implementar un sistema híbrid de generació d’energia elèctrica combinat per motors de cogeneració i mòduls fotovoltaics, caracteritzant els recursos renovables requerits, analitzant la disposició de la planta i el marc nomatiu que la competix, i realitzant un estudi de viabilitat econòmic i d’impacte ambiental., [EN] Currently, the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) of the Carraixet Basin, located in the municipality of Alboraya in the province of Valencia, it is characterized by being an environmental project, focused mainly on the purification of urban wastewater in order to comply with the dumping ordinance of the treated effluent with the help of physical, chemical and biological processes. At the same time, they use the biogas generated as fuel to cover part of their energy self-consumption, however, cogeneration engines are not able to supply their entire energy demand, WWTP must rely on power by the relevant distribution company. Finally, with the dehydrated sludge, export it to serve as a raw material, promoting a circular economy. To solve the inconvenience of importing some of the electricity and continue with a dynamic of environmental sustainability, the present Master s Final Work studies the possibility of implementing a hybrid electricity generation system combined by cogeneration motors and photovoltaic modules, characterizing the required renewable resources, analyzing the plant s layout and the regulatory framework that is responsible for, and conducting a study of economic viability and environmental impact.

[ES] El proyecto se desarrolla en el Barrio de la Cruz Cubierta de Valencia, un sector aislado y descontextualizado del resto de la ciudad. La propuesta plantea una regeneración urbana y social, integrando así a este sector en el tejido activo de la ciudad. El proyecto se propone en una parcela enmarcada entre dos preexistencias industriales, y consiste en dos edificios residenciales que, junto a un espacio público de calidad, resuelvan nuevas necesidades habitacionales, de servicios y de relación entre las personas, con una clara vocación de temporalidad y adaptadas a un crecimiento urbano sostenible, como son los distintos modelos de unidades familiares jóvenes y de tercera edad, de manera autónoma y en un entorno seguro., [EN] The project is developed in the Cruz Cubierta district in Valencia, in a isolated and stripped of context sector from the rest of the city. The proposal raises an urban and social regeneration, integrating this sector into the urban fabric of Valencia. The project is proposed on a plot framed between two industrial pre-existing areas, and consists of two residential buildings, which together with a quality public space, solve the new housing needs, services and the relationships between each other, with a clear vocation of temporality and tailored to a sustainable urban growth, such as the different models of young and elderly family units, autonomously and in an safe environment.

[ES] Actualmente, la Estación Depuradora de Aguas Residuales (EDAR) de la Cuenca del Carraixet, ubicada en el municipio de Alboraya en la provincia de Valencia, se caracteriza por ser un proyecto medioambiental, centrado principalmente en la depuración de las aguas residuales urbanas a fin de cumplir la ordenanza de vertido del efluente tratado con la ayuda de procesos físicos, químicos y biológicos. Al mismo tiempo, emplean el biogás generado como combustible para cubrir parte de su autoconsumo energético, no obstante, los motores de cogeneración no son capaces de abastecer la totalidad de su demanda energética, haciendo que la EDAR deba recurrir al suministro eléctrico por la compañía distribuidora correspondiente. Por último, con el fango deshidratado, lo exportan para que sirva como materia prima, promoviendo una economía circular. Para resolver el inconveniente de la importación de parte de la energía eléctrica y continuar con una dinámica de sostenibilidad medioambiental, el presente TFM estudia la posibilidad de implementar un sistema híbrido de generación de energía eléctrica combinado por motores de cogeneración y módulos fotovoltaicos, caracterizando los recursos renovables requeridos, analizando la disposición de la planta y el marco normativo que la compete, y realizando un estudio de viabilidad económico y de impacto ambiental., [CA] Actualment, l’Estació Depuradora d’Aigües Residuals (EDAR) de la Conca del Carraixet, ubicada en el municipi d’Alboraia en la província de València, es caracteritza per ser un projecte mediambiental, centrat principalment en la depuració de les aigües residuals urbanes a fi de complir l’ordenança d’abocament de l’efluent tractat amb l’ajuda de processos físics, químics i biològics. Al mateix temps, empren el biogàs generat com a combustible per a cobrir part del seu autoconsum energètic, no obstant això, els motors de cogeneració no són capaços d’abastir la totalitat de la seua demanda energètica, fent que l’EDAR haja de recórrer al subministrament elèctric per la companyia distribuïdora corresponent. Finalment, amb el fang deshidratat, ho exporten perquè servisca com a matèria primera, promovent una economia circular. Per a resoldre l’inconvenient de la importació de part de l’energia elèctrica i continuar amb una dinàmica de sostenibilitat mediambiental, el present TFM estudia la possibilitat d’implementar un sistema híbrid de generació d’energia elèctrica combinat per motors de cogeneració i mòduls fotovoltaics, caracteritzant els recursos renovables requerits, analitzant la disposició de la planta i el marc nomatiu que la competix, i realitzant un estudi de viabilitat econòmic i d’impacte ambiental., [EN] Currently, the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) of the Carraixet Basin, located in the municipality of Alboraya in the province of Valencia, it is characterized by being an environmental project, focused mainly on the purification of urban wastewater in order to comply with the dumping ordinance of the treated effluent with the help of physical, chemical and biological processes. At the same time, they use the biogas generated as fuel to cover part of their energy self-consumption, however, cogeneration engines are not able to supply their entire energy demand, WWTP must rely on power by the relevant distribution company. Finally, with the dehydrated sludge, export it to serve as a raw material, promoting a circular economy. To solve the inconvenience of importing some of the electricity and continue with a dynamic of environmental sustainability, the present Master s Final Work studies the possibility of implementing a hybrid electricity generation system combined by cogeneration motors and photovoltaic modules, characterizing the required renewable resources, analyzing the plant s layout and the regulatory framework that is responsible for, and conducting a study of economic viability and environmental impact.

[ES] El proyecto se desarrolla en el Barrio de la Cruz Cubierta de Valencia, un sector aislado y descontextualizado del resto de la ciudad. La propuesta plantea una regeneración urbana y social, integrando así a este sector en el tejido activo de la ciudad. El proyecto se propone en una parcela enmarcada entre dos preexistencias industriales, y consiste en dos edificios residenciales que, junto a un espacio público de calidad, resuelvan nuevas necesidades habitacionales, de servicios y de relación entre las personas, con una clara vocación de temporalidad y adaptadas a un crecimiento urbano sostenible, como son los distintos modelos de unidades familiares jóvenes y de tercera edad, de manera autónoma y en un entorno seguro., [EN] The project is developed in the Cruz Cubierta district in Valencia, in a isolated and stripped of context sector from the rest of the city. The proposal raises an urban and social regeneration, integrating this sector into the urban fabric of Valencia. The project is proposed on a plot framed between two industrial pre-existing areas, and consists of two residential buildings, which together with a quality public space, solve the new housing needs, services and the relationships between each other, with a clear vocation of temporality and tailored to a sustainable urban growth, such as the different models of young and elderly family units, autonomously and in an safe environment.

[ES] El proyecto se desarrolla en el Barrio de la Cruz Cubierta de Valencia, un sector aislado y descontextualizado del resto de la ciudad. La propuesta plantea una regeneración urbana y social, integrando así a este sector en el tejido activo de la ciudad. El proyecto se propone en una parcela enmarcada entre dos preexistencias industriales, y consiste en dos edificios residenciales que, junto a un espacio público de calidad, resuelvan nuevas necesidades habitacionales, de servicios y de relación entre las personas, con una clara vocación de temporalidad y adaptadas a un crecimiento urbano sostenible, como son los distintos modelos de unidades familiares jóvenes y de tercera edad, de manera autónoma y en un entorno seguro., [EN] The project is developed in the Cruz Cubierta district in Valencia, in a isolated and stripped of context sector from the rest of the city. The proposal raises an urban and social regeneration, integrating this sector into the urban fabric of Valencia. The project is proposed on a plot framed between two industrial pre-existing areas, and consists of two residential buildings, which together with a quality public space, solve the new housing needs, services and the relationships between each other, with a clear vocation of temporality and tailored to a sustainable urban growth, such as the different models of young and elderly family units, autonomously and in an safe environment.

[ES] Actualmente, la Estación Depuradora de Aguas Residuales (EDAR) de la Cuenca del Carraixet, ubicada en el municipio de Alboraya en la provincia de Valencia, se caracteriza por ser un proyecto medioambiental, centrado principalmente en la depuración de las aguas residuales urbanas a fin de cumplir la ordenanza de vertido del efluente tratado con la ayuda de procesos físicos, químicos y biológicos. Al mismo tiempo, emplean el biogás generado como combustible para cubrir parte de su autoconsumo energético, no obstante, los motores de cogeneración no son capaces de abastecer la totalidad de su demanda energética, haciendo que la EDAR deba recurrir al suministro eléctrico por la compañía distribuidora correspondiente. Por último, con el fango deshidratado, lo exportan para que sirva como materia prima, promoviendo una economía circular. Para resolver el inconveniente de la importación de parte de la energía eléctrica y continuar con una dinámica de sostenibilidad medioambiental, el presente TFM estudia la posibilidad de implementar un sistema híbrido de generación de energía eléctrica combinado por motores de cogeneración y módulos fotovoltaicos, caracterizando los recursos renovables requeridos, analizando la disposición de la planta y el marco normativo que la compete, y realizando un estudio de viabilidad económico y de impacto ambiental., [CA] Actualment, l’Estació Depuradora d’Aigües Residuals (EDAR) de la Conca del Carraixet, ubicada en el municipi d’Alboraia en la província de València, es caracteritza per ser un projecte mediambiental, centrat principalment en la depuració de les aigües residuals urbanes a fi de complir l’ordenança d’abocament de l’efluent tractat amb l’ajuda de processos físics, químics i biològics. Al mateix temps, empren el biogàs generat com a combustible per a cobrir part del seu autoconsum energètic, no obstant això, els motors de cogeneració no són capaços d’abastir la totalitat de la seua demanda energètica, fent que l’EDAR haja de recórrer al subministrament elèctric per la companyia distribuïdora corresponent. Finalment, amb el fang deshidratat, ho exporten perquè servisca com a matèria primera, promovent una economia circular. Per a resoldre l’inconvenient de la importació de part de l’energia elèctrica i continuar amb una dinàmica de sostenibilitat mediambiental, el present TFM estudia la possibilitat d’implementar un sistema híbrid de generació d’energia elèctrica combinat per motors de cogeneració i mòduls fotovoltaics, caracteritzant els recursos renovables requerits, analitzant la disposició de la planta i el marc nomatiu que la competix, i realitzant un estudi de viabilitat econòmic i d’impacte ambiental., [EN] Currently, the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) of the Carraixet Basin, located in the municipality of Alboraya in the province of Valencia, it is characterized by being an environmental project, focused mainly on the purification of urban wastewater in order to comply with the dumping ordinance of the treated effluent with the help of physical, chemical and biological processes. At the same time, they use the biogas generated as fuel to cover part of their energy self-consumption, however, cogeneration engines are not able to supply their entire energy demand, WWTP must rely on power by the relevant distribution company. Finally, with the dehydrated sludge, export it to serve as a raw material, promoting a circular economy. To solve the inconvenience of importing some of the electricity and continue with a dynamic of environmental sustainability, the present Master s Final Work studies the possibility of implementing a hybrid electricity generation system combined by cogeneration motors and photovoltaic modules, characterizing the required renewable resources, analyzing the plant s layout and the regulatory framework that is responsible for, and conducting a study of economic viability and environmental impact.

[ES] El proyecto se desarrolla en el Barrio de la Cruz Cubierta de Valencia, un sector aislado y descontextualizado del resto de la ciudad. La propuesta plantea una regeneración urbana y social, integrando así a este sector en el tejido activo de la ciudad. El proyecto se propone en una parcela enmarcada entre dos preexistencias industriales, y consiste en dos edificios residenciales que, junto a un espacio público de calidad, resuelvan nuevas necesidades habitacionales, de servicios y de relación entre las personas, con una clara vocación de temporalidad y adaptadas a un crecimiento urbano sostenible, como son los distintos modelos de unidades familiares jóvenes y de tercera edad, de manera autónoma y en un entorno seguro., [EN] The project is developed in the Cruz Cubierta district in Valencia, in a isolated and stripped of context sector from the rest of the city. The proposal raises an urban and social regeneration, integrating this sector into the urban fabric of Valencia. The project is proposed on a plot framed between two industrial pre-existing areas, and consists of two residential buildings, which together with a quality public space, solve the new housing needs, services and the relationships between each other, with a clear vocation of temporality and tailored to a sustainable urban growth, such as the different models of young and elderly family units, autonomously and in an safe environment.

[ES] Es planteja un centre intergeneracional que completara el programa d'equipaments que el municipi necessitava. A més, després de realitzar una anàlisi completa de tots els àmbits de la població va sorgir la responsabilitat d'anar més enllà. Anar més enllà per a tornar-li la unitat que es va eliminar amb el pas del temps i els avanços de la industrialització. Per què necessita Puçol un projecte d'esta envergadura? Basant-se en el que exposa anteriorment, esta és una de les reflexions de major importància a què s'ha arribat a l'hora d'afrontar este projecte tan personal. Sempre s¿ha estat conscient de la problemàtica que ha tingut, però mai s¿ha proposat cap solució; des del segle XIX en el que es va implantar el sistema ferroviari, compta amb unes grans barreres que ha mantingut, no sols al municipi dividit, sinó als seus habitants. Per aquesta raó, la iniciativa de tornar a unificar el teixit urbà ha anat cobrant cada vegada més força. Els problemes que han anat sorgint s'han transformat en oportunitats sobre les quals treballar a fi de transformar alguns aspectes que suposaven certa problemàtica en solucions tant funcionals com estètiques. Cada decisió que s'ha anat prenent ha sigut pensant en el benestar i la comoditat dels ciutadans, amb una sensibilitat pròpia d'un usuari més. Al final es tracta, no tant de determinar una metodologia, sinó d'establir uns aspectes clau sobre els quals és necessari reflexionar durant el desenvolupament del projecte., [EN] An intergenerational center is proposed in the Valencian town of Puzol, that completes with the program of needs of the population. Besides that, after carrying out a complete analysis of all areas, the responsibility arose to go further. Go further to return the unit that was eliminated with the passage of time and the advances of industrialization. Why does Puzol need a project of this magnitude? Based on the above, this is one of the most important reflections that has been reached when facing this personal project. We have always been aware of the problems that have existed, but no solution has ever been proposed; since the nineteenth century in which the railway system was implemented, it has great barriers that it has maintained, not only the divided municipality, but its inhabitants. For this reason, the initiative to re-unify the urban fabric has been gaining increasing strength. The problems that have arisen have turned into opportunities on which to work with the purpose of transforming some aspects that supposed certain problematic in both functional and aesthetic solutions. Every decision that has been taken has been thinking about the welfare and comfort of citizens, with a sensibility of one the users. In the end it is a question, not so much of determining a methodology, but of establishing some key aspects on which it is necessary to reflect during the development of the project.

[ES] Es planteja un centre intergeneracional que completara el programa d'equipaments que el municipi necessitava. A més, després de realitzar una anàlisi completa de tots els àmbits de la població va sorgir la responsabilitat d'anar més enllà. Anar més enllà per a tornar-li la unitat que es va eliminar amb el pas del temps i els avanços de la industrialització. Per què necessita Puçol un projecte d'esta envergadura? Basant-se en el que exposa anteriorment, esta és una de les reflexions de major importància a què s'ha arribat a l'hora d'afrontar este projecte tan personal. Sempre s¿ha estat conscient de la problemàtica que ha tingut, però mai s¿ha proposat cap solució; des del segle XIX en el que es va implantar el sistema ferroviari, compta amb unes grans barreres que ha mantingut, no sols al municipi dividit, sinó als seus habitants. Per aquesta raó, la iniciativa de tornar a unificar el teixit urbà ha anat cobrant cada vegada més força. Els problemes que han anat sorgint s'han transformat en oportunitats sobre les quals treballar a fi de transformar alguns aspectes que suposaven certa problemàtica en solucions tant funcionals com estètiques. Cada decisió que s'ha anat prenent ha sigut pensant en el benestar i la comoditat dels ciutadans, amb una sensibilitat pròpia d'un usuari més. Al final es tracta, no tant de determinar una metodologia, sinó d'establir uns aspectes clau sobre els quals és necessari reflexionar durant el desenvolupament del projecte., [EN] An intergenerational center is proposed in the Valencian town of Puzol, that completes with the program of needs of the population. Besides that, after carrying out a complete analysis of all areas, the responsibility arose to go further. Go further to return the unit that was eliminated with the passage of time and the advances of industrialization. Why does Puzol need a project of this magnitude? Based on the above, this is one of the most important reflections that has been reached when facing this personal project. We have always been aware of the problems that have existed, but no solution has ever been proposed; since the nineteenth century in which the railway system was implemented, it has great barriers that it has maintained, not only the divided municipality, but its inhabitants. For this reason, the initiative to re-unify the urban fabric has been gaining increasing strength. The problems that have arisen have turned into opportunities on which to work with the purpose of transforming some aspects that supposed certain problematic in both functional and aesthetic solutions. Every decision that has been taken has been thinking about the welfare and comfort of citizens, with a sensibility of one the users. In the end it is a question, not so much of determining a methodology, but of establishing some key aspects on which it is necessary to reflect during the development of the project.

[ES] Es planteja un centre intergeneracional que completara el programa d'equipaments que el municipi necessitava. A més, després de realitzar una anàlisi completa de tots els àmbits de la població va sorgir la responsabilitat d'anar més enllà. Anar més enllà per a tornar-li la unitat que es va eliminar amb el pas del temps i els avanços de la industrialització. Per què necessita Puçol un projecte d'esta envergadura? Basant-se en el que exposa anteriorment, esta és una de les reflexions de major importància a què s'ha arribat a l'hora d'afrontar este projecte tan personal. Sempre s¿ha estat conscient de la problemàtica que ha tingut, però mai s¿ha proposat cap solució; des del segle XIX en el que es va implantar el sistema ferroviari, compta amb unes grans barreres que ha mantingut, no sols al municipi dividit, sinó als seus habitants. Per aquesta raó, la iniciativa de tornar a unificar el teixit urbà ha anat cobrant cada vegada més força. Els problemes que han anat sorgint s'han transformat en oportunitats sobre les quals treballar a fi de transformar alguns aspectes que suposaven certa problemàtica en solucions tant funcionals com estètiques. Cada decisió que s'ha anat prenent ha sigut pensant en el benestar i la comoditat dels ciutadans, amb una sensibilitat pròpia d'un usuari més. Al final es tracta, no tant de determinar una metodologia, sinó d'establir uns aspectes clau sobre els quals és necessari reflexionar durant el desenvolupament del projecte., [EN] An intergenerational center is proposed in the Valencian town of Puzol, that completes with the program of needs of the population. Besides that, after carrying out a complete analysis of all areas, the responsibility arose to go further. Go further to return the unit that was eliminated with the passage of time and the advances of industrialization. Why does Puzol need a project of this magnitude? Based on the above, this is one of the most important reflections that has been reached when facing this personal project. We have always been aware of the problems that have existed, but no solution has ever been proposed; since the nineteenth century in which the railway system was implemented, it has great barriers that it has maintained, not only the divided municipality, but its inhabitants. For this reason, the initiative to re-unify the urban fabric has been gaining increasing strength. The problems that have arisen have turned into opportunities on which to work with the purpose of transforming some aspects that supposed certain problematic in both functional and aesthetic solutions. Every decision that has been taken has been thinking about the welfare and comfort of citizens, with a sensibility of one the users. In the end it is a question, not so much of determining a methodology, but of establishing some key aspects on which it is necessary to reflect during the development of the project.

Techniques for marine monitoring have evolved greatly over the past decades, making the acquisition of environment data safer, reliable and more efficient. On the other hand, the exploration of marine renewable energy introduced dissimilar ways of exploring the oceans and with that arises the need for new techniques for environmental data acquisition, processing and analysis. Marine energy is mostly harvested in murky and high energetic places where conventional data acquisition techniques are impractical. Modern sonar systems, operating at high frequencies, can acquire detailed images of the underwater environment. Variables such as occurrence, size, class and behaviour of a variety of aquatic species of fish, birds, mammals, coexisting within marine energy sites can be gathered using imaging sonar systems. Although sonar images can provide high level of details, still in most of the cases they are difficult to decipher. Therefore, to facilitate the classification of targets through sonar images, this study introduces a framework of extracting visual features of marine targets that would serve as unique signatures. The acoustic measure of visibility (AVM) is here introduced as an indirect technique of identification and classification of targets by comparing the observed size with a standard value. This information can be used to instruct manual and automatic algorithms for identification and classification of underwater targets using imaging sonar systems. Using image processing algorithms embedded in Proviwer4 and FIJI software, this study found that acoustic images can be effectively used to classify cod, harbour and grey seals, and orcas through their size, shape and swimming behaviour. Data showed that cod occurred as bright, 0.9 m long, ellipsoidal targets shoaling in groups of up to 50 individuals. Harbour seals occurred as bright torpedo-like fast moving target, whereas grey seals occurred as bulky-ellipsoidal targets with serpentine movement. Orca or large

Techniques for marine monitoring have evolved greatly over the past decades, making the acquisition of environment data safer, reliable and more efficient. On the other hand, the exploration of marine renewable energy introduced dissimilar ways of exploring the oceans and with that arises the need for new techniques for environmental data acquisition, processing and analysis. Marine energy is mostly harvested in murky and high energetic places where conventional data acquisition techniques are impractical. Modern sonar systems, operating at high frequencies, can acquire detailed images of the underwater environment. Variables such as occurrence, size, class and behaviour of a variety of aquatic species of fish, birds, mammals, coexisting within marine energy sites can be gathered using imaging sonar systems. Although sonar images can provide high level of details, still in most of the cases they are difficult to decipher. Therefore, to facilitate the classification of targets through sonar images, this study introduces a framework of extracting visual features of marine targets that would serve as unique signatures. The acoustic measure of visibility (AVM) is here introduced as an indirect technique of identification and classification of targets by comparing the observed size with a standard value. This information can be used to instruct manual and automatic algorithms for identification and classification of underwater targets using imaging sonar systems. Using image processing algorithms embedded in Proviwer4 and FIJI software, this study found that acoustic images can be effectively used to classify cod, harbour and grey seals, and orcas through their size, shape and swimming behaviour. Data showed that cod occurred as bright, 0.9 m long, ellipsoidal targets shoaling in groups of up to 50 individuals. Harbour seals occurred as bright torpedo-like fast moving target, whereas grey seals occurred as bulky-ellipsoidal targets with serpentine movement. Orca or large

Techniques for marine monitoring have evolved greatly over the past decades, making the acquisition of environment data safer, reliable and more efficient. On the other hand, the exploration of marine renewable energy introduced dissimilar ways of exploring the oceans and with that arises the need for new techniques for environmental data acquisition, processing and analysis. Marine energy is mostly harvested in murky and high energetic places where conventional data acquisition techniques are impractical. Modern sonar systems, operating at high frequencies, can acquire detailed images of the underwater environment. Variables such as occurrence, size, class and behaviour of a variety of aquatic species of fish, birds, mammals, coexisting within marine energy sites can be gathered using imaging sonar systems. Although sonar images can provide high level of details, still in most of the cases they are difficult to decipher. Therefore, to facilitate the classification of targets through sonar images, this study introduces a framework of extracting visual features of marine targets that would serve as unique signatures. The acoustic measure of visibility (AVM) is here introduced as an indirect technique of identification and classification of targets by comparing the observed size with a standard value. This information can be used to instruct manual and automatic algorithms for identification and classification of underwater targets using imaging sonar systems. Using image processing algorithms embedded in Proviwer4 and FIJI software, this study found that acoustic images can be effectively used to classify cod, harbour and grey seals, and orcas through their size, shape and swimming behaviour. Data showed that cod occurred as bright, 0.9 m long, ellipsoidal targets shoaling in groups of up to 50 individuals. Harbour seals occurred as bright torpedo-like fast moving target, whereas grey seals occurred as bulky-ellipsoidal targets with serpentine movement. Orca or large

Techniques for marine monitoring have evolved greatly over the past decades, making the acquisition of environment data safer, reliable and more efficient. On the other hand, the exploration of marine renewable energy introduced dissimilar ways of exploring the oceans and with that arises the need for new techniques for environmental data acquisition, processing and analysis. Marine energy is mostly harvested in murky and high energetic places where conventional data acquisition techniques are impractical. Modern sonar systems, operating at high frequencies, can acquire detailed images of the underwater environment. Variables such as occurrence, size, class and behaviour of a variety of aquatic species of fish, birds, mammals, coexisting within marine energy sites can be gathered using imaging sonar systems. Although sonar images can provide high level of details, still in most of the cases they are difficult to decipher. Therefore, to facilitate the classification of targets through sonar images, this study introduces a framework of extracting visual features of marine targets that would serve as unique signatures. The acoustic measure of visibility (AVM) is here introduced as an indirect technique of identification and classification of targets by comparing the observed size with a standard value. This information can be used to instruct manual and automatic algorithms for identification and classification of underwater targets using imaging sonar systems. Using image processing algorithms embedded in Proviwer4 and FIJI software, this study found that acoustic images can be effectively used to classify cod, harbour and grey seals, and orcas through their size, shape and swimming behaviour. Data showed that cod occurred as bright, 0.9 m long, ellipsoidal targets shoaling in groups of up to 50 individuals. Harbour seals occurred as bright torpedo-like fast moving target, whereas grey seals occurred as bulky-ellipsoidal targets with serpentine movement. Orca or large

Techniques for marine monitoring have evolved greatly over the past decades, making the acquisition of environment data safer, reliable and more efficient. On the other hand, the exploration of marine renewable energy introduced dissimilar ways of exploring the oceans and with that arises the need for new techniques for environmental data acquisition, processing and analysis. Marine energy is mostly harvested in murky and high energetic places where conventional data acquisition techniques are impractical. Modern sonar systems, operating at high frequencies, can acquire detailed images of the underwater environment. Variables such as occurrence, size, class and behaviour of a variety of aquatic species of fish, birds, mammals, coexisting within marine energy sites can be gathered using imaging sonar systems. Although sonar images can provide high level of details, still in most of the cases they are difficult to decipher. Therefore, to facilitate the classification of targets through sonar images, this study introduces a framework of extracting visual features of marine targets that would serve as unique signatures. The acoustic measure of visibility (AVM) is here introduced as an indirect technique of identification and classification of targets by comparing the observed size with a standard value. This information can be used to instruct manual and automatic algorithms for identification and classification of underwater targets using imaging sonar systems. Using image processing algorithms embedded in Proviwer4 and FIJI software, this study found that acoustic images can be effectively used to classify cod, harbour and grey seals, and orcas through their size, shape and swimming behaviour. Data showed that cod occurred as bright, 0.9 m long, ellipsoidal targets shoaling in groups of up to 50 individuals. Harbour seals occurred as bright torpedo-like fast moving target, whereas grey seals occurred as bulky-ellipsoidal targets with serpentine movement. Orca or large

[ES] La entrada en vigor de la legislación relativa a la economía circular obliga a pensar en llevar a cabo el aprovechamiento de los posibles recursos de cualquier instalación. En una depuradora de aguas residuales (EDAR) se pueden encontrar recursos aprovechables como el agua de salida (aprovechable para riego, p.e.), el biogás que se genera en caso de efectuarse una digestión anaerobia (aprovechable para producir energía) o el fango generado (aprovechable para uso agrícola, p.e.). Hoy en día, la mayoría de las EDAR ya están aprovechando estos recursos. Con este trabajo se pretende ir un poco más lejos. En concreto, se pretende estudiar la posibilidad de recuperar la energía del agua de salida de una EDAR. Para ello, se han seleccionado dos depuradoras de aguas residuales urbanas de la Comunitat Valenciana en las que se ha detectado una diferencia de cota entre el punto de salida del agua tratada y el punto de vertido final de la misma. Una de ellas corresponde a una EDAR con un caudal de salida importante y una diferencia de cotas relativamente pequeña; la otra corresponde a una EDAR con un caudal de salida pequeño y una diferencia de cotas más elevada. En ambas EDAR se estudiará la posibilidad de instalar dos tipos de turbinas, se optará por la opción más apropiada en cada caso y se efectuará el diseño básico de la instalación, con los planos correspondientes. Asimismo, se analizará la viabilidad de las propuestas calculando el tiempo de amortización de las instalaciones, teniendo en cuenta que la energía obtenida se empleará para consumo propio de la planta., [EN] The entrance into force of the legislation relative to the circular economy require to think about carrying out the exploitation of the possible means in any installation. In the same way, it is also important to know and introduce the current planet situation in terms of means and waste exploitation, and referencing the environmental situation. Due to that, this dissertation aims to offer an exploitation alternative for a concrete industry, such it is the wastewater treatment. There are known a variety of exploitation methods in this type of installation, as the use of the water outlet for irrigation, the generated biogas in case of making an anaerobic digestion for supplying energy, or the mud used for farming. Once we know the performance of a conventional wastewater treatment plant and its waste, furthermore explaining the hydraulic energy production, this work aims to go further and link both concepts to study the possibility of recovering energy from the water outlet of a wastewater treatment plant. To reach it, a wastewater treatment plant in the Comunitat Valenciana has been selected because of its height difference between the water outlet point and its final pour point. In the wastewater treatment plant picked, a turbine installation will be studied and the basic design of the installation will be done, with its corresponding planes. Likewise, the viability of the proposal will be analyzed by calculating the installation amortization time, taking into account that the obtained energy will be employed for the own plant consumption.

The Canarias InfraRed Camera Experiment (CIRCE) is a near-infrared (1–2.5μm) imager, polarimeter and low-resolution spectrograph operating as a visitor instrument for the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) 10.4-m telescope. It was designed and built largely by graduate students and postdocs, with help from the University of Florida (UF) astronomy engineering group, and is funded by the UF and the US National Science Foundation. CIRCE is intended to help fill the gap in near-infrared capabilities prior to the arrival of Especrografo Multiobjecto Infra-Rojo (EMIR) to the GTC and will also provide the following scientific capabilities to compliment EMIR after its arrival: high-resolution imaging, narrowband imaging, high-time-resolution photometry, imaging polarimetry, and low resolution spectroscopy. In this paper, we review the design, fabrication, integration, lab testing, and on-sky performance results for CIRCE. These include a novel approach to the opto-mechanical design, fabrication, and alignment.

Freshwater scarcity is one of humanity's reoccurring problems that hamper socio-economic development in many regions across the globe. In coastal areas, seawater can be desalinated through reverse osmosis (RO) and transformed into freshwater for human use. Desalination requires large amounts of energy, mostly in the form of a reliable electricity supply, which in many cases is supplied by diesel generators. The objective of this work is to analyze the wave power resource availability in Kilifi-Kenya and evaluate the possible use of wave power converter (WEC) to power desalination plants. A particular focus is given use of WECs developed by Uppsala University (UU-WEC). The results here presented were achieved using reanalysis-wave data revealed that the local wave climate has an approximate annual mean of 7 kW/m and mode of 5 kW/m. Significant wave height and wave mean period are within 0.8-2 m and 7-8 s respectively, with a predominant wave mean direction from southeast. The seasonal cycle appeared to be the most relevant for energy conversion, having the highest difference of 6 kW/m, in which April is the lowest (3.8 kW/m) and August is the peak (10.5 kW/m). In such mild wave climates, the UU-WEC and similar devices can be suitable for ocean energy harvesting for water desalination systems. Technically, with a capacity factor of 30% and energy consumption of 3 kWh/m(3), a coastal community of about five thousand inhabitants can be provided of freshwater by only ten WECs with installed capacity of 20 kW.

The global energy sector is under profound reforms aiming towards renewable energy sources, clean technologies and expansion of smart grids, all with the additional aim of providing affordable and dependable electricity for everyone. A reduction of carbon dioxide emissions is a priority on the global agenda, and to achieve that, cleaner energy technologies has to be more integrated into the energy mix. This thesis focus on a sustainable implementation of wave, tidal and offshore wind power, wherefore there is a need to investigate more about the prerequisites and consequences ocean energy can have on the marine environment. For that, reliable, cost effective and continuous environmental monitoring framework is necessary in order to support and safeguard ocean energy operations. The main objectives of the research presented in this thesis are to develop a multifunctional environmental monitoring platform based on sonar systems for ocean energy applications, by adapting high resolution multibeam, dual beam and split beam sonar systems and also underwater cameras; Propose data acquisition and processing protocols capable of decipher sonar data in order to provide continuous environmental monitoring and reporting; Conduct qualitative and quantitative observations of fish and marine mammals using the built monitoring platform; And investigate the feasibility of utilizing the Uppsala University wave energy converter technology to generate electricity worldwide. As a result, a multifunctional platform was designed, built and tested. This included the hardware, the data acquisition system, and a data analysis framework comprising new algorithms necessary to process the new acoustic data. The multibeam, dual beam, and split beam sonar systems and underwater cameras produced both qualitative and quantitative data of biomass, occurrence and behavior of fish and marine mammals in the vicinity of ocean energy devices. With this platform, it was also possible to conduct seabed an

Freshwater scarcity is one of humanity's reoccurring problems that hamper socio-economic development in many regions across the globe. In coastal areas, seawater can be desalinated through reverse osmosis (RO) and transformed into freshwater for human use. Desalination requires large amounts of energy, mostly in the form of a reliable electricity supply, which in many cases is supplied by diesel generators. The objective of this work is to analyze the wave power resource availability in Kilifi-Kenya and evaluate the possible use of wave power converter (WEC) to power desalination plants. A particular focus is given use of WECs developed by Uppsala University (UU-WEC). The results here presented were achieved using reanalysis-wave data revealed that the local wave climate has an approximate annual mean of 7 kW/m and mode of 5 kW/m. Significant wave height and wave mean period are within 0.8-2 m and 7-8 s respectively, with a predominant wave mean direction from southeast. The seasonal cycle appeared to be the most relevant for energy conversion, having the highest difference of 6 kW/m, in which April is the lowest (3.8 kW/m) and August is the peak (10.5 kW/m). In such mild wave climates, the UU-WEC and similar devices can be suitable for ocean energy harvesting for water desalination systems. Technically, with a capacity factor of 30% and energy consumption of 3 kWh/m(3), a coastal community of about five thousand inhabitants can be provided of freshwater by only ten WECs with installed capacity of 20 kW.

Freshwater scarcity is one of humanity's reoccurring problems that hamper socio-economic development in many regions across the globe. In coastal areas, seawater can be desalinated through reverse osmosis (RO) and transformed into freshwater for human use. Desalination requires large amounts of energy, mostly in the form of a reliable electricity supply, which in many cases is supplied by diesel generators. The objective of this work is to analyze the wave power resource availability in Kilifi-Kenya and evaluate the possible use of wave power converter (WEC) to power desalination plants. A particular focus is given use of WECs developed by Uppsala University (UU-WEC). The results here presented were achieved using reanalysis-wave data revealed that the local wave climate has an approximate annual mean of 7 kW/m and mode of 5 kW/m. Significant wave height and wave mean period are within 0.8-2 m and 7-8 s respectively, with a predominant wave mean direction from southeast. The seasonal cycle appeared to be the most relevant for energy conversion, having the highest difference of 6 kW/m, in which April is the lowest (3.8 kW/m) and August is the peak (10.5 kW/m). In such mild wave climates, the UU-WEC and similar devices can be suitable for ocean energy harvesting for water desalination systems. Technically, with a capacity factor of 30% and energy consumption of 3 kWh/m(3), a coastal community of about five thousand inhabitants can be provided of freshwater by only ten WECs with installed capacity of 20 kW.

The global energy sector is under profound reforms aiming towards renewable energy sources, clean technologies and expansion of smart grids, all with the additional aim of providing affordable and dependable electricity for everyone. A reduction of carbon dioxide emissions is a priority on the global agenda, and to achieve that, cleaner energy technologies has to be more integrated into the energy mix. This thesis focus on a sustainable implementation of wave, tidal and offshore wind power, wherefore there is a need to investigate more about the prerequisites and consequences ocean energy can have on the marine environment. For that, reliable, cost effective and continuous environmental monitoring framework is necessary in order to support and safeguard ocean energy operations. The main objectives of the research presented in this thesis are to develop a multifunctional environmental monitoring platform based on sonar systems for ocean energy applications, by adapting high resolution multibeam, dual beam and split beam sonar systems and also underwater cameras; Propose data acquisition and processing protocols capable of decipher sonar data in order to provide continuous environmental monitoring and reporting; Conduct qualitative and quantitative observations of fish and marine mammals using the built monitoring platform; And investigate the feasibility of utilizing the Uppsala University wave energy converter technology to generate electricity worldwide. As a result, a multifunctional platform was designed, built and tested. This included the hardware, the data acquisition system, and a data analysis framework comprising new algorithms necessary to process the new acoustic data. The multibeam, dual beam, and split beam sonar systems and underwater cameras produced both qualitative and quantitative data of biomass, occurrence and behavior of fish and marine mammals in the vicinity of ocean energy devices. With this platform, it was also possible to conduct seabed an

[ES] La entrada en vigor de la legislación relativa a la economía circular obliga a pensar en llevar a cabo el aprovechamiento de los posibles recursos de cualquier instalación. En una depuradora de aguas residuales (EDAR) se pueden encontrar recursos aprovechables como el agua de salida (aprovechable para riego, p.e.), el biogás que se genera en caso de efectuarse una digestión anaerobia (aprovechable para producir energía) o el fango generado (aprovechable para uso agrícola, p.e.). Hoy en día, la mayoría de las EDAR ya están aprovechando estos recursos. Con este trabajo se pretende ir un poco más lejos. En concreto, se pretende estudiar la posibilidad de recuperar la energía del agua de salida de una EDAR. Para ello, se han seleccionado dos depuradoras de aguas residuales urbanas de la Comunitat Valenciana en las que se ha detectado una diferencia de cota entre el punto de salida del agua tratada y el punto de vertido final de la misma. Una de ellas corresponde a una EDAR con un caudal de salida importante y una diferencia de cotas relativamente pequeña; la otra corresponde a una EDAR con un caudal de salida pequeño y una diferencia de cotas más elevada. En ambas EDAR se estudiará la posibilidad de instalar dos tipos de turbinas, se optará por la opción más apropiada en cada caso y se efectuará el diseño básico de la instalación, con los planos correspondientes. Asimismo, se analizará la viabilidad de las propuestas calculando el tiempo de amortización de las instalaciones, teniendo en cuenta que la energía obtenida se empleará para consumo propio de la planta., [EN] The entrance into force of the legislation relative to the circular economy require to think about carrying out the exploitation of the possible means in any installation. In the same way, it is also important to know and introduce the current planet situation in terms of means and waste exploitation, and referencing the environmental situation. Due to that, this dissertation aims to offer an exploitation alternative for a concrete industry, such it is the wastewater treatment. There are known a variety of exploitation methods in this type of installation, as the use of the water outlet for irrigation, the generated biogas in case of making an anaerobic digestion for supplying energy, or the mud used for farming. Once we know the performance of a conventional wastewater treatment plant and its waste, furthermore explaining the hydraulic energy production, this work aims to go further and link both concepts to study the possibility of recovering energy from the water outlet of a wastewater treatment plant. To reach it, a wastewater treatment plant in the Comunitat Valenciana has been selected because of its height difference between the water outlet point and its final pour point. In the wastewater treatment plant picked, a turbine installation will be studied and the basic design of the installation will be done, with its corresponding planes. Likewise, the viability of the proposal will be analyzed by calculating the installation amortization time, taking into account that the obtained energy will be employed for the own plant consumption.

[ES] La entrada en vigor de la legislación relativa a la economía circular obliga a pensar en llevar a cabo el aprovechamiento de los posibles recursos de cualquier instalación. En una depuradora de aguas residuales (EDAR) se pueden encontrar recursos aprovechables como el agua de salida (aprovechable para riego, p.e.), el biogás que se genera en caso de efectuarse una digestión anaerobia (aprovechable para producir energía) o el fango generado (aprovechable para uso agrícola, p.e.). Hoy en día, la mayoría de las EDAR ya están aprovechando estos recursos. Con este trabajo se pretende ir un poco más lejos. En concreto, se pretende estudiar la posibilidad de recuperar la energía del agua de salida de una EDAR. Para ello, se han seleccionado dos depuradoras de aguas residuales urbanas de la Comunitat Valenciana en las que se ha detectado una diferencia de cota entre el punto de salida del agua tratada y el punto de vertido final de la misma. Una de ellas corresponde a una EDAR con un caudal de salida importante y una diferencia de cotas relativamente pequeña; la otra corresponde a una EDAR con un caudal de salida pequeño y una diferencia de cotas más elevada. En ambas EDAR se estudiará la posibilidad de instalar dos tipos de turbinas, se optará por la opción más apropiada en cada caso y se efectuará el diseño básico de la instalación, con los planos correspondientes. Asimismo, se analizará la viabilidad de las propuestas calculando el tiempo de amortización de las instalaciones, teniendo en cuenta que la energía obtenida se empleará para consumo propio de la planta., [EN] The entrance into force of the legislation relative to the circular economy require to think about carrying out the exploitation of the possible means in any installation. In the same way, it is also important to know and introduce the current planet situation in terms of means and waste exploitation, and referencing the environmental situation. Due to that, this dissertation aims to offer an exploitation alternative for a concrete industry, such it is the wastewater treatment. There are known a variety of exploitation methods in this type of installation, as the use of the water outlet for irrigation, the generated biogas in case of making an anaerobic digestion for supplying energy, or the mud used for farming. Once we know the performance of a conventional wastewater treatment plant and its waste, furthermore explaining the hydraulic energy production, this work aims to go further and link both concepts to study the possibility of recovering energy from the water outlet of a wastewater treatment plant. To reach it, a wastewater treatment plant in the Comunitat Valenciana has been selected because of its height difference between the water outlet point and its final pour point. In the wastewater treatment plant picked, a turbine installation will be studied and the basic design of the installation will be done, with its corresponding planes. Likewise, the viability of the proposal will be analyzed by calculating the installation amortization time, taking into account that the obtained energy will be employed for the own plant consumption.

Freshwater scarcity is one of humanity's reoccurring problems that hamper socio-economic development in many regions across the globe. In coastal areas, seawater can be desalinated through reverse osmosis (RO) and transformed into freshwater for human use. Desalination requires large amounts of energy, mostly in the form of a reliable electricity supply, which in many cases is supplied by diesel generators. The objective of this work is to analyze the wave power resource availability in Kilifi-Kenya and evaluate the possible use of wave power converter (WEC) to power desalination plants. A particular focus is given use of WECs developed by Uppsala University (UU-WEC). The results here presented were achieved using reanalysis-wave data revealed that the local wave climate has an approximate annual mean of 7 kW/m and mode of 5 kW/m. Significant wave height and wave mean period are within 0.8-2 m and 7-8 s respectively, with a predominant wave mean direction from southeast. The seasonal cycle appeared to be the most relevant for energy conversion, having the highest difference of 6 kW/m, in which April is the lowest (3.8 kW/m) and August is the peak (10.5 kW/m). In such mild wave climates, the UU-WEC and similar devices can be suitable for ocean energy harvesting for water desalination systems. Technically, with a capacity factor of 30% and energy consumption of 3 kWh/m(3), a coastal community of about five thousand inhabitants can be provided of freshwater by only ten WECs with installed capacity of 20 kW.

The global energy sector is under profound reforms aiming towards renewable energy sources, clean technologies and expansion of smart grids, all with the additional aim of providing affordable and dependable electricity for everyone. A reduction of carbon dioxide emissions is a priority on the global agenda, and to achieve that, cleaner energy technologies has to be more integrated into the energy mix. This thesis focus on a sustainable implementation of wave, tidal and offshore wind power, wherefore there is a need to investigate more about the prerequisites and consequences ocean energy can have on the marine environment. For that, reliable, cost effective and continuous environmental monitoring framework is necessary in order to support and safeguard ocean energy operations. The main objectives of the research presented in this thesis are to develop a multifunctional environmental monitoring platform based on sonar systems for ocean energy applications, by adapting high resolution multibeam, dual beam and split beam sonar systems and also underwater cameras; Propose data acquisition and processing protocols capable of decipher sonar data in order to provide continuous environmental monitoring and reporting; Conduct qualitative and quantitative observations of fish and marine mammals using the built monitoring platform; And investigate the feasibility of utilizing the Uppsala University wave energy converter technology to generate electricity worldwide. As a result, a multifunctional platform was designed, built and tested. This included the hardware, the data acquisition system, and a data analysis framework comprising new algorithms necessary to process the new acoustic data. The multibeam, dual beam, and split beam sonar systems and underwater cameras produced both qualitative and quantitative data of biomass, occurrence and behavior of fish and marine mammals in the vicinity of ocean energy devices. With this platform, it was also possible to conduct seabed an

The global energy sector is under profound reforms aiming towards renewable energy sources, clean technologies and expansion of smart grids, all with the additional aim of providing affordable and dependable electricity for everyone. A reduction of carbon dioxide emissions is a priority on the global agenda, and to achieve that, cleaner energy technologies has to be more integrated into the energy mix. This thesis focus on a sustainable implementation of wave, tidal and offshore wind power, wherefore there is a need to investigate more about the prerequisites and consequences ocean energy can have on the marine environment. For that, reliable, cost effective and continuous environmental monitoring framework is necessary in order to support and safeguard ocean energy operations. The main objectives of the research presented in this thesis are to develop a multifunctional environmental monitoring platform based on sonar systems for ocean energy applications, by adapting high resolution multibeam, dual beam and split beam sonar systems and also underwater cameras; Propose data acquisition and processing protocols capable of decipher sonar data in order to provide continuous environmental monitoring and reporting; Conduct qualitative and quantitative observations of fish and marine mammals using the built monitoring platform; And investigate the feasibility of utilizing the Uppsala University wave energy converter technology to generate electricity worldwide. As a result, a multifunctional platform was designed, built and tested. This included the hardware, the data acquisition system, and a data analysis framework comprising new algorithms necessary to process the new acoustic data. The multibeam, dual beam, and split beam sonar systems and underwater cameras produced both qualitative and quantitative data of biomass, occurrence and behavior of fish and marine mammals in the vicinity of ocean energy devices. With this platform, it was also possible to conduct seabed an