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1. A syst-OMICS approach to ensuring food safety and reducing the economic burden of salmonellosis

Author

Tremblay, Denise, Groleau, Gisèle., Loignon, Stéphanie, Vincent, Caroline, Moineau, Sylvain, Colavecchio, Anna, Kukavica-Ibrulj, Iréna, Barrere, Virginie, Fliss, Ismaïl, Cadieux, Brigitte, Bekal, Sadjia, Arya, Gitanjali, Dewar, Ken, Fournier, Éric, Berry, Chrystal, Jeukens, Julie, Burnett, Elton, Emond Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Levesque, Roger, Chapin, Travis K., Dupont, Marie-Josée, Crouse, Alanna, Boyle, Brian, Daigle, France, Freschi, Luca, Danyluk, Michelle D., Delaquis, Pascal J., Doualla-Bell, Florence, Fong, Karen, Franz, Eelco, Garduno, Rafael, Gill, Alexander, Gruenheid, Samantha, Harris, Linda J., Huang, Carol B., Huang, Hongsheng, Johnson, Roger, Joly, Yann, Kerhoas, Maud, Kong, Nguyet, Larivière, Line, Malo, Danielle, Mottawea, Walid, Mukhopadhyay, Kakali, Nadon, Céline, Nash, John, Ngueng Feze, Ida, Ogunremi, Dele, Perets, Ann, Pilar, Ana V., Reimer, Aleisha R., Robertson, James, Rohde, John, Sanderson, Kenneth E., Song, Lingqiao, Stephan, Roger, Tamber, Sandeep, Thomassin, Paul J., Usongo, Valentine, Wang, Siyun, Weadge, Joel T., Wiedmann, Martin, Wijnands, Lucas, Wilson, Emily D., Wittum, Thomas, Yoshida, Catherine, Yousfi, Khadija, Zhu, Lei, Weimer, Bart C., Goodridge, Lawrence, Cavestri, Camille, Tremblay, Denise, Groleau, Gisèle., Loignon, Stéphanie, Vincent, Caroline, Moineau, Sylvain, Colavecchio, Anna, Kukavica-Ibrulj, Iréna, Barrere, Virginie, Fliss, Ismaïl, Cadieux, Brigitte, Bekal, Sadjia, Arya, Gitanjali, Dewar, Ken, Fournier, Éric, Berry, Chrystal, Jeukens, Julie, Burnett, Elton, Emond Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Levesque, Roger, Chapin, Travis K., Dupont, Marie-Josée, Crouse, Alanna, Boyle, Brian, Daigle, France, Freschi, Luca, Danyluk, Michelle D., Delaquis, Pascal J., Doualla-Bell, Florence, Fong, Karen, Franz, Eelco, Garduno, Rafael, Gill, Alexander, Gruenheid, Samantha, Harris, Linda J., Huang, Carol B., Huang, Hongsheng, Johnson, Roger, Joly, Yann, Kerhoas, Maud, Kong, Nguyet, Larivière, Line, Malo, Danielle, Mottawea, Walid, Mukhopadhyay, Kakali, Nadon, Céline, Nash, John, Ngueng Feze, Ida, Ogunremi, Dele, Perets, Ann, Pilar, Ana V., Reimer, Aleisha R., Robertson, James, Rohde, John, Sanderson, Kenneth E., Song, Lingqiao, Stephan, Roger, Tamber, Sandeep, Thomassin, Paul J., Usongo, Valentine, Wang, Siyun, Weadge, Joel T., Wiedmann, Martin, Wijnands, Lucas, Wilson, Emily D., Wittum, Thomas, Yoshida, Catherine, Yousfi, Khadija, Zhu, Lei, Weimer, Bart C., Goodridge, Lawrence, and Cavestri, Camille

Abstract

The Salmonella Syst-OMICS consortium is sequencing 4,500 Salmonella genomes and building an analysis pipeline for the study of Salmonella genome evolution, antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. Metadata, including phenotypic as well as genomic data, for isolates of the collection are provided through the Salmonella Foodborne Syst-OMICS database (SalFoS), at https://salfos.ibis.ulaval.ca/. Here, we present our strategy and the analysis of the first 3,377 genomes. Our data will be used to draw potential links between strains found in fresh produce, humans, animals and the environment. The ultimate goals are to understand how Salmonella evolves over time, improve the accuracy of diagnostic methods, develop control methods in the field, and identify prognostic markers for evidence-based decisions in epidemiology and surveillance.

Published
2020

2. Diversity and host specificity revealed by biological characterization and whole genome sequencing of bacteriophages infecting salmonella enterica

Author

Fong, Karen, Tremblay, Denise, Moineau, Sylvain, Delaquis, Pascal, Levesque, Roger, Goodridge, Lawrence, Suttle, Curtis Arnold, Wang, Siyun, Fong, Karen, Tremblay, Denise, Moineau, Sylvain, Delaquis, Pascal, Levesque, Roger, Goodridge, Lawrence, Suttle, Curtis Arnold, and Wang, Siyun

Abstract

Phages infecting members of the opportunistic human pathogen, Salmonella enterica, are widespread in natural environments and offer a potential source of agents that could be used for controlling populations of this bacterium; yet, relatively little is known about these phages. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of 45 phages of Salmonella enterica from disparate geographic locations within British Columbia, Canada. Host-range profiling revealed host-specific patterns of susceptibility and resistance, with several phages identified that have a broad-host range (i.e., able to lyse >40% of bacterial hosts tested). One phage in particular, SE13, is able to lyse 51 out of the 61 Salmonella strains tested. Comparative genomic analyses also revealed an abundance of sequence diversity in the sequenced phages. Alignment of the genomes grouped the phages into 12 clusters with three singletons. Phages within certain clusters exhibited extraordinarily high genome homology (>98% nucleotide identity), yet between clusters, genomes exhibited a span of diversity (<50% nucleotide identity). Alignment of the major capsid protein also supported the clustering pattern observed with alignment of the whole genomes. We further observed associations between genomic relatedness and the site of isolation, as well as genetic elements related to DNA metabolism and host virulence. Our data support the knowledge framework for phage diversity and phage–host interactions that are required for developing phage-based applications for various sectors, including biocontrol, detection and typing.

Published
2020

3. Diversity and host specificity revealed by biological characterization and whole genome sequencing of bacteriophages infecting salmonella enterica

Author

Fong, Karen, Tremblay, Denise, Delaquis, Pascal, Goodridge, Lawrence, Lévesque, Roger C., Moineau, Sylvain, Suttle, Curtis Arnold, Wang, Siyun, Fong, Karen, Tremblay, Denise, Delaquis, Pascal, Goodridge, Lawrence, Lévesque, Roger C., Moineau, Sylvain, Suttle, Curtis Arnold, and Wang, Siyun

Abstract

Phages infecting members of the opportunistic human pathogen, Salmonella enterica, are widespread in natural environments and offer a potential source of agents that could be used for controlling populations of this bacterium; yet, relatively little is known about these phages. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of 45 phages of Salmonella enterica from disparate geographic locations within British Columbia, Canada. Host-range profiling revealed host-specific patterns of susceptibility and resistance, with several phages identified that have a broad-host range (i.e., able to lyse >40% of bacterial hosts tested). One phage in particular, SE13, is able to lyse 51 out of the 61 Salmonella strains tested. Comparative genomic analyses also revealed an abundance of sequence diversity in the sequenced phages. Alignment of the genomes grouped the phages into 12 clusters with three singletons. Phages within certain clusters exhibited extraordinarily high genome homology (>98% nucleotide identity), yet between clusters, genomes exhibited a span of diversity (<50% nucleotide identity). Alignment of the major capsid protein also supported the clustering pattern observed with alignment of the whole genomes. We further observed associations between genomic relatedness and the site of isolation, as well as genetic elements related to DNA metabolism and host virulence. Our data support the knowledge framework for phage diversity and phage–host interactions that are required for developing phage-based applications for various sectors, including biocontrol, detection and typing.

Published
2019

4. A Syst-OMICS Approach to Ensuring Food Safety and Reducing the Economic Burden of Salmonellosis.

Author

Emond-Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Emond-Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Jeukens, Julie, Freschi, Luca, Kukavica-Ibrulj, Irena, Boyle, Brian, Dupont, Marie-Josée, Colavecchio, Anna, Barrere, Virginie, Cadieux, Brigitte, Arya, Gitanjali, Bekal, Sadjia, Berry, Chrystal, Burnett, Elton, Cavestri, Camille, Chapin, Travis K, Crouse, Alanna, Daigle, France, Danyluk, Michelle D, Delaquis, Pascal, Dewar, Ken, Doualla-Bell, Florence, Fliss, Ismail, Fong, Karen, Fournier, Eric, Franz, Eelco, Garduno, Rafael, Gill, Alexander, Gruenheid, Samantha, Harris, Linda, Huang, Carol B, Huang, Hongsheng, Johnson, Roger, Joly, Yann, Kerhoas, Maud, Kong, Nguyet, Lapointe, Gisèle, Larivière, Line, Loignon, Stéphanie, Malo, Danielle, Moineau, Sylvain, Mottawea, Walid, Mukhopadhyay, Kakali, Nadon, Céline, Nash, John, Ngueng Feze, Ida, Ogunremi, Dele, Perets, Ann, Pilar, Ana V, Reimer, Aleisha R, Robertson, James, Rohde, John, Sanderson, Kenneth E, Song, Lingqiao, Stephan, Roger, Tamber, Sandeep, Thomassin, Paul, Tremblay, Denise, Usongo, Valentine, Vincent, Caroline, Wang, Siyun, Weadge, Joel T, Wiedmann, Martin, Wijnands, Lucas, Wilson, Emily D, Wittum, Thomas, Yoshida, Catherine, Youfsi, Khadija, Zhu, Lei, Weimer, Bart C, Goodridge, Lawrence, Levesque, Roger C, Emond-Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Emond-Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Jeukens, Julie, Freschi, Luca, Kukavica-Ibrulj, Irena, Boyle, Brian, Dupont, Marie-Josée, Colavecchio, Anna, Barrere, Virginie, Cadieux, Brigitte, Arya, Gitanjali, Bekal, Sadjia, Berry, Chrystal, Burnett, Elton, Cavestri, Camille, Chapin, Travis K, Crouse, Alanna, Daigle, France, Danyluk, Michelle D, Delaquis, Pascal, Dewar, Ken, Doualla-Bell, Florence, Fliss, Ismail, Fong, Karen, Fournier, Eric, Franz, Eelco, Garduno, Rafael, Gill, Alexander, Gruenheid, Samantha, Harris, Linda, Huang, Carol B, Huang, Hongsheng, Johnson, Roger, Joly, Yann, Kerhoas, Maud, Kong, Nguyet, Lapointe, Gisèle, Larivière, Line, Loignon, Stéphanie, Malo, Danielle, Moineau, Sylvain, Mottawea, Walid, Mukhopadhyay, Kakali, Nadon, Céline, Nash, John, Ngueng Feze, Ida, Ogunremi, Dele, Perets, Ann, Pilar, Ana V, Reimer, Aleisha R, Robertson, James, Rohde, John, Sanderson, Kenneth E, Song, Lingqiao, Stephan, Roger, Tamber, Sandeep, Thomassin, Paul, Tremblay, Denise, Usongo, Valentine, Vincent, Caroline, Wang, Siyun, Weadge, Joel T, Wiedmann, Martin, Wijnands, Lucas, Wilson, Emily D, Wittum, Thomas, Yoshida, Catherine, Youfsi, Khadija, Zhu, Lei, Weimer, Bart C, Goodridge, Lawrence, and Levesque, Roger C

Abstract

The Salmonella Syst-OMICS consortium is sequencing 4,500 Salmonella genomes and building an analysis pipeline for the study of Salmonella genome evolution, antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. Metadata, including phenotypic as well as genomic data, for isolates of the collection are provided through the Salmonella Foodborne Syst-OMICS database (SalFoS), at https://salfos.ibis.ulaval.ca/. Here, we present our strategy and the analysis of the first 3,377 genomes. Our data will be used to draw potential links between strains found in fresh produce, humans, animals and the environment. The ultimate goals are to understand how Salmonella evolves over time, improve the accuracy of diagnostic methods, develop control methods in the field, and identify prognostic markers for evidence-based decisions in epidemiology and surveillance.

Published
2017

5. A syst-OMICS approach to ensuring food safety and reducing the economic burden of salmonellosis

Author

Emond Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Jeukens, Julie, Freschi, Luca, Kukavica-Ibrulj, Iréna, Boyle, Brian, Dupont, Marie-Josée, Colavecchio, Anna, Barrere, Virginie, Cadieux, Brigitte, Arya, Gitanjali, Bekal, Sadjia, Berry, Chrystal, Burnett, Elton, Cavestri, Camille, Chapin, Travis K., Crouse, Alanna, Daigle, France, Danyluk, Michelle D., Delaquis, Pascal J., Dewar, Ken, Doualla-Bell, Florence, Fliss, Ismaïl, Fong, Karen, Fournier, Éric, Franz, Eelco, Garduno, Rafael, Gill, Alexander, Gruenheid, Samantha, Harris, Linda J., Huang, Carol B., Huang, Hongsheng, Johnson, Roger, Joly, Yann, Kerhoas, Maud, Kong, Nguyet, Lapointe, Gisèle, Larivière, Line, Loignon, Stéphanie, Malo, Danielle, Moineau, Sylvain, Mottawea, Walid, Mukhopadhyay, Kakali, Nadon, Céline, Nash, John, Ngueng Feze, Ida, Ogunremi, Dele, Perets, Ann, Pilar, Ana V., Reimer, Aleisha R., Robertson, James, Rohde, John, Sanderson, Kenneth E., Song, Lingqiao, Stephan, Roger, Tamber, Sandeep, Thomassin, Paul J., Tremblay, Denise, Usongo, Valentine, Vincent, Caroline, Wang, Siyun, Weadge, Joel T., Wiedmann, Martin, Wijnands, Lucas, Wilson, Emily D., Wittum, Thomas, Yoshida, Catherine, Yousfi, Khadija, Zhu, Lei, Weimer, Bart C., Goodridge, Lawrence, Lévesque, Roger C., Emond Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Jeukens, Julie, Freschi, Luca, Kukavica-Ibrulj, Iréna, Boyle, Brian, Dupont, Marie-Josée, Colavecchio, Anna, Barrere, Virginie, Cadieux, Brigitte, Arya, Gitanjali, Bekal, Sadjia, Berry, Chrystal, Burnett, Elton, Cavestri, Camille, Chapin, Travis K., Crouse, Alanna, Daigle, France, Danyluk, Michelle D., Delaquis, Pascal J., Dewar, Ken, Doualla-Bell, Florence, Fliss, Ismaïl, Fong, Karen, Fournier, Éric, Franz, Eelco, Garduno, Rafael, Gill, Alexander, Gruenheid, Samantha, Harris, Linda J., Huang, Carol B., Huang, Hongsheng, Johnson, Roger, Joly, Yann, Kerhoas, Maud, Kong, Nguyet, Lapointe, Gisèle, Larivière, Line, Loignon, Stéphanie, Malo, Danielle, Moineau, Sylvain, Mottawea, Walid, Mukhopadhyay, Kakali, Nadon, Céline, Nash, John, Ngueng Feze, Ida, Ogunremi, Dele, Perets, Ann, Pilar, Ana V., Reimer, Aleisha R., Robertson, James, Rohde, John, Sanderson, Kenneth E., Song, Lingqiao, Stephan, Roger, Tamber, Sandeep, Thomassin, Paul J., Tremblay, Denise, Usongo, Valentine, Vincent, Caroline, Wang, Siyun, Weadge, Joel T., Wiedmann, Martin, Wijnands, Lucas, Wilson, Emily D., Wittum, Thomas, Yoshida, Catherine, Yousfi, Khadija, Zhu, Lei, Weimer, Bart C., Goodridge, Lawrence, and Lévesque, Roger C.

Abstract

The Salmonella Syst-OMICS consortium is sequencing 4,500 Salmonella genomes and building an analysis pipeline for the study of Salmonella genome evolution, antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. Metadata, including phenotypic as well as genomic data, for isolates of the collection are provided through the Salmonella Foodborne Syst-OMICS database (SalFoS), at https://salfos.ibis.ulaval.ca/. Here, we present our strategy and the analysis of the first 3,377 genomes. Our data will be used to draw potential links between strains found in fresh produce, humans, animals and the environment. The ultimate goals are to understand how Salmonella evolves over time, improve the accuracy of diagnostic methods, develop control methods in the field, and identify prognostic markers for evidence-based decisions in epidemiology and surveillance.

Published
2017

6. A Syst-OMICS Approach to Ensuring Food Safety and Reducing the Economic Burden of Salmonellosis.

Author

Emond-Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Emond-Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Jeukens, Julie, Freschi, Luca, Kukavica-Ibrulj, Irena, Boyle, Brian, Dupont, Marie-Josée, Colavecchio, Anna, Barrere, Virginie, Cadieux, Brigitte, Arya, Gitanjali, Bekal, Sadjia, Berry, Chrystal, Burnett, Elton, Cavestri, Camille, Chapin, Travis K, Crouse, Alanna, Daigle, France, Danyluk, Michelle D, Delaquis, Pascal, Dewar, Ken, Doualla-Bell, Florence, Fliss, Ismail, Fong, Karen, Fournier, Eric, Franz, Eelco, Garduno, Rafael, Gill, Alexander, Gruenheid, Samantha, Harris, Linda, Huang, Carol B, Huang, Hongsheng, Johnson, Roger, Joly, Yann, Kerhoas, Maud, Kong, Nguyet, Lapointe, Gisèle, Larivière, Line, Loignon, Stéphanie, Malo, Danielle, Moineau, Sylvain, Mottawea, Walid, Mukhopadhyay, Kakali, Nadon, Céline, Nash, John, Ngueng Feze, Ida, Ogunremi, Dele, Perets, Ann, Pilar, Ana V, Reimer, Aleisha R, Robertson, James, Rohde, John, Sanderson, Kenneth E, Song, Lingqiao, Stephan, Roger, Tamber, Sandeep, Thomassin, Paul, Tremblay, Denise, Usongo, Valentine, Vincent, Caroline, Wang, Siyun, Weadge, Joel T, Wiedmann, Martin, Wijnands, Lucas, Wilson, Emily D, Wittum, Thomas, Yoshida, Catherine, Youfsi, Khadija, Zhu, Lei, Weimer, Bart C, Goodridge, Lawrence, Levesque, Roger C, Emond-Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Emond-Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Jeukens, Julie, Freschi, Luca, Kukavica-Ibrulj, Irena, Boyle, Brian, Dupont, Marie-Josée, Colavecchio, Anna, Barrere, Virginie, Cadieux, Brigitte, Arya, Gitanjali, Bekal, Sadjia, Berry, Chrystal, Burnett, Elton, Cavestri, Camille, Chapin, Travis K, Crouse, Alanna, Daigle, France, Danyluk, Michelle D, Delaquis, Pascal, Dewar, Ken, Doualla-Bell, Florence, Fliss, Ismail, Fong, Karen, Fournier, Eric, Franz, Eelco, Garduno, Rafael, Gill, Alexander, Gruenheid, Samantha, Harris, Linda, Huang, Carol B, Huang, Hongsheng, Johnson, Roger, Joly, Yann, Kerhoas, Maud, Kong, Nguyet, Lapointe, Gisèle, Larivière, Line, Loignon, Stéphanie, Malo, Danielle, Moineau, Sylvain, Mottawea, Walid, Mukhopadhyay, Kakali, Nadon, Céline, Nash, John, Ngueng Feze, Ida, Ogunremi, Dele, Perets, Ann, Pilar, Ana V, Reimer, Aleisha R, Robertson, James, Rohde, John, Sanderson, Kenneth E, Song, Lingqiao, Stephan, Roger, Tamber, Sandeep, Thomassin, Paul, Tremblay, Denise, Usongo, Valentine, Vincent, Caroline, Wang, Siyun, Weadge, Joel T, Wiedmann, Martin, Wijnands, Lucas, Wilson, Emily D, Wittum, Thomas, Yoshida, Catherine, Youfsi, Khadija, Zhu, Lei, Weimer, Bart C, Goodridge, Lawrence, and Levesque, Roger C

Abstract

The Salmonella Syst-OMICS consortium is sequencing 4,500 Salmonella genomes and building an analysis pipeline for the study of Salmonella genome evolution, antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. Metadata, including phenotypic as well as genomic data, for isolates of the collection are provided through the Salmonella Foodborne Syst-OMICS database (SalFoS), at https://salfos.ibis.ulaval.ca/. Here, we present our strategy and the analysis of the first 3,377 genomes. Our data will be used to draw potential links between strains found in fresh produce, humans, animals and the environment. The ultimate goals are to understand how Salmonella evolves over time, improve the accuracy of diagnostic methods, develop control methods in the field, and identify prognostic markers for evidence-based decisions in epidemiology and surveillance.

Published
2017

7. Maternal fat feeding augments offspring nephron endowment in mice

Author

Hokke, Stacey, Puelles, Victor G., Armitage, James A., Fong, Karen, Bertram, John F., Cullen-McEwen, Luise A., Hokke, Stacey, Puelles, Victor G., Armitage, James A., Fong, Karen, Bertram, John F., and Cullen-McEwen, Luise A.

Abstract

Increasing consumption of a high fat 'Western' diet has led to a growing number of pregnancies complicated by maternal obesity. Maternal overnutrition and obesity have health implications for offspring, yet little is known about their effects on offspring kidney development and renal function. Female C57Bl6 mice were fed a high fat diet (HFD, 21% fat) or matched normal fat diet (NFD, 6% fat) for 6 weeks prior to pregnancy and throughout gestation and lactation. HFD dams were overweight and glucose intolerant prior to mating but not in late gestation. Offspring of NFD and HFD dams had similar body weights at embryonic day (E) 15.5, E18.5 and at postnatal day (PN)21. HFD offspring had normal ureteric tree development and nephron number at E15.5. However, using unbiased stereology, kidneys of HFD offspring were found to have 20-25% more nephrons than offspring of NFD dams at E18.5 and PN21. Offspring of HFD dams with body weight and glucose profiles similar to NFD dams prior to pregnancy also had an elevated nephron endowment. At 9 months of age, adult offspring of HFD dams displayed mild fasting hyperglycaemia but similar body weights to NFD offspring. Renal function and morphology, measured by transcutaneous clearance of FITC-sinistrin and stereology respectively, were normal. This study demonstrates that maternal fat feeding augments offspring nephron endowment with no long-Term consequences for offspring renal health. Future studies assessing the effects of a chronic stressor on adult mice with augmented nephron number are warranted, as are studies investigating the molecular mechanisms that result in high nephron endowment.

Published
2016

8. Impact of international trade settlement methods on Hong Kong exporters.

Author

Lam, Pui-fong Karen., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Business Administration., Lam, Pui-fong Karen., and Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Business Administration.

Abstract

by Lam Pui-fong Karen., Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993., Includes bibliographical references (leaves 51-53)., p.ii, TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv, ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.v, Chapter, Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1, Chapter II. --- PROBLEMS AND METHODOLOGY --- p.7, Chapter III. --- TYPES OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE SETTLEMENT --- p.11, International Trade --- p.11, Parties Involved in Doing International Trade --- p.12, Payment Methods Used by Hong Kong Exporters --- p.14, Chapter IV. --- RISK PARAMETERS IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE… --- p.22, General Commercial Risks --- p.22, Additional Risk Parameters --- p.24, Chapter V. --- COMMON TRADE SETTLEMENT METHODS IN HONG KONG --- p.34, Implicit Controls --- p.35, Financing Ease --- p.37, Political Arbitrage --- p.40, Chapter VI. --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.43, Documentary Risks --- p.43, Bank Risks --- p.45, Jurisdiction --- p.46, Summary Observations --- p.47, Concluding Remarks --- p.50, BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.51, http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5887542, Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Published
1993

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