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Family life cycle and gender have a great impact on people’s leisure time allocation. This study uses a nationwide survey to examine the influence of family life cycle and demographic characteristics on Chinese nationals’ leisure time allocation from a gender perspective. We found that Chinese nationals in the life stage of “family with infants” have the least leisure time among the study subjects. Men have more leisure time than women at any stage of the life cycle. Marriage has the greatest negative effect on women’s educational leisure (amateur learning, non-formal education, and reading) and men’s physical leisure (physical exercises and fitness activities). Leisure time first decreases when income increases, but after income reaches a certain level, leisure time increases with increasing income. Education level positively affects leisure time allocation and has a particularly obvious effect on educational leisure. This study panoramically analyzes the factors that influence Chinese nationals’ leisure time. The findings have policy and industry implications in leisure consumption in other developing countries.

Existing studies on low-carbon behavior mostly performed their analyses at the individual level, and limited studies of household consumption sustainability lacked a focus on the psychology processes underlying their behavior. Combining family life cycle theory and goal framing theory, the current study explored how changes in family characteristics caused by family life cycle affect their motivations leading to differences in their low-carbon use behavior. Confirming hypotheses, results showed significant differences in low-carbon use behavior across family life cycle stages. Also confirming our hypotheses, normative and gain motivation positively mediated the influence of family life cycle on low-carbon use behavior, while hedonistic motivation had a negative mediation effect. In addition, an important cultural factor (collectivism) was included in the model to explore its moderating effects and results showed that horizontal (but not vertical) collectivism plays a moderating role in the impact of the family life cycle on household's low-carbon use behavior.

Tema ovog rada je doţivljaj kvaliteta braka koja je jedna od središnjih tema u prouĉavanju braka i porodice i od velikog je znaĉaja za dobrobit pojedinca, porodice i društva. Cilj istraţivanja bio je ispitati razlike u doţivljaju kvaliteta braka s obzirom na fazu porodiĉnog ţivotnog ciklusa, i s obzirom na to iz perspektive kojeg od supruţnika se ovaj doţivljaj posmatra. TakoĊe, cilj istraţivanja bio je ispitati strukturu veza izmeĊu interpersonalnih ĉinilaca i doţivljaja kvaliteta braka kod supruţnika razliĉitog pola, i u dvema odabranim fazama porodiĉnog ţivotnog ciklusa. Uzorak istraţivanja ĉinilo je 289 braĉnih parova (578 ispitanika) iz Srbije koji su bili u registrovanom (zakljuĉenom) braku iz dve faze porodiĉnog ţivotnog ciklusa: novovenĉani braĉni par bez dece (141 braĉni par ili 282 ispitanika) i porodica sa adolescentom (148 braĉnih parova ili 296 ispitanika). Istraţivanje je bilo neeksperimentalno, transverzalno, anketnog tipa. Za definisanje i ispitivanje doţivljaja kvaliteta braka korišćen je Nortonov Indeks braĉnog kvaliteta (Quality Marriage Index; QMI), koji meri globalni doţivljaj kvaliteta braka preko sledećih aspekata: zadovoljstvo, sreća, dobar brak, stabilan brak, ĉvrst brak i osećanje pripadnosti timu (Norton, 1983). Pokazalo se da braĉni partneri koji pripadaju fazi porodiĉnog ţivotnog ciklusa novovenĉani braĉni par bez dece imaju viši doţivljaj kvaliteta braka, nego braĉni parovi iz faze porodiĉnog ţivotnog ciklusa porodica sa adolescentom, kao i da postoje razlike u nivou doţivljaja kvaliteta braka izmeĊu muškaraca i ţena u okviru obe ove faze porodiĉnog ţivotnog ciklusa. Ţene imaju niţi nivo doţivljaja kvaliteta braka u obe faze porodiĉnog ţivotnog ciklusa. UtvrĊeno je da postoji statistiĉki znaĉajna pozitivna korelacija izmeĊu doţivljaja kvaliteta braka i sledećih interpersonalnih ĉinilaca: uzajamnog razumevanja, uspešnosti rešavanja braĉnih konflikata, osećanja ljubavi u braku, seksualnog zadovoljstva, percepcije pravednosti u braku, braĉ, The subject of this thesis is the experience of the quality of marriage, which is one of the central themes in the study of marriage and family and is of great importance for the well-being of the individual, family and society. The aim of the research was to examine the differences in the experience of the quality of marriage with respect to the phase of the family life cycle, and the perspective of how spouses perceive this experience. Also, the goal of the research was to examine the structure of relationships between interpersonal factors and the experience of marriage quality in spouses of different gender in two selected stages of the family life cycle. The study sample consisted of 289 married couples (578 respondents) from Serbia who were in a registered marriage from two stages of the family life cycle: newly married couple without children (141 married couple or 282 respondents) and the family with an adolescent (148 married couples or 296 respondents). The research was a non-experimental, transversal, survey type of research. The Norton‟s Marriage Quality Index (QMI) was used to define and examine marriage quality experience, which measures global marriage quality experience across the following dimensions: satisfaction, happiness, good marriage, stable marriage, strong marriage and a sense of belonging to a team (Norton, 1983). The results show that spouses belonging to the family life cycle stage - a newly married couple without children have a higher experience of marriage quality than couples from the family life cycle stage - family with an adolescent, and that there are differences in the level of experience of marriage quality between men and women within both these stages of the family life cycle. Women have a lower level of experience of the quality of marriage in both stages of the family life cycle. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the experience of marriage quality and the following interpersonal factors: mutu

The research focuses on the importance of the family life cycle and its relationship with different contexts in order to gain psychological understanding about families. Using the Double ABC-X Model of Family Stress and Adaptation, an empirical study was done with 114 families from Montevideo. The aims of the study were to learn about stressors and family coping strategies of families in the early stages of the family life cycle, taking into account the possible differences associated with socioeconomic contexts. The results showed that the families in the two stages studied reported similar stressors and coping strategies. Low-income families reported more stressors and higher use of internal coping strategies. The pile-up of stressors and passive appraisal were identified as vulnerability factors for low-income families with school-age children, El trabajo plantea la importancia del ciclo vital para la comprensión psicológica de las familias, abordando la problemática de su conceptualización en función de los diferentes contextos. Partiendo del modelo Doble ABC-X de Estrés y Adaptación Familiar, se realizó un estudio empírico con 114 familias montevideanas con los objetivos de conocer los estresores en las etapas iniciales del ciclo vital familiar e identificar las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por las familias, contemplando las posibles diferencias asociadas al contexto socioeconómico. Los resultados mostraron que las dos etapas del ciclo vital consideradas no se diferencian en cuanto a estresores y estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas. Las familias de contexto socioeconómico bajo reportaron mayor número de estresores y mayor utilización de estrategias de afrontamiento de tipo interno. Se identificó como factores de vulnerabilidad la acumulación de estresores y la utilización de evaluación pasiva en las familias con hijos en edad escolar

The chapters in this volume, written by experts from several universities, explore the various dimensions of family life and captures the educational aspects. The main issues addressed are the following: topical aspects (family-work balance, divorce, migration ...), the dynamics of family life cycle (parenting, marital bond, the role of grandparents ...), the critical issues (conflicts, disease , death ...) and, finally, the link with the social network (kindergarten, school, community ...)

In the present study the effects of the implementation of the Programme of Development psycho "Educating Lions" in family functioning of preschool students from the Technical Educational Institution Ibague City, home of Felix Bedout evaluated. The sample consisted of 30 students with their respective family groups, of which 33 family members for each group (experiment and control), which were administered a semistructured interview (information for family genogram) and scale were extracted assessment of family functioning, FACES III. A mixed method was used. The results showed that the relative performance of students in the experimental group became midrange (Featured difficulties in a single dimension, cohesion and adaptability) to balanced (Focused on the dimensions of cohesion and adaptability, and its proper functioning), concluding that the program generates favorable development of psycho changes in the dimensions of cohesion and adaptability, and the degree of satisfaction of family members. In contrast, the control group remained stable., En el presente estudio se evaluaron los efectos de la implementación del Programa de Desarrollo Psicoafectivo “Leones Educando” en el funcionamiento familiar de los estudiantes de preescolar de la Institución Educativa Técnica Ciudad de Ibagué, sede Félix de Bedout. La muestra fue de 30 estudiantes con sus respectivos grupos familiares, de los que se extrajeron 33 miembros de la familia para cada grupo (experimenta y control), a los que se les aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada (información para el genograma familiar) y la escala de evaluación del funcionamiento familiar, FACES III. Se empleó un método mixto. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que el funcionamiento familiar de los estudiantes del grupo experimental pasó a ser de rango medio (presentando dificultades en una sola de sus dimensiones, cohesión o adaptabilidad) a balanceado (centradas en las dimensiones de cohesión y adaptabilidad, siendo su funcionamiento adecuado), concluyéndose que el programa de desarrollo psicoafectivo genera cambios favorables en las dimensiones de cohesión y adaptabilidad, y en el grado de satisfacción de los miembros de las familias. Por el contrario el grupo control, se mantuvo estable.

According to the American Board of Family Medicine, “The scope of family medicine encompasses all ages, both sexes, each organ system and every disease entity.” What makes the seemingly daunting task of practicing family medicine possible is that family physicians learn to utilize similar clinical reasoning for all of their patients regardless of age, and that they care for patients in the context of their families. In our work with residents, we utilize a multimedia presentation that incorporates poetry by Shel Silverstein, the song, He Was Walking Her Home, by Mark Schultz, and the Pixar/Disney movie, Up, to help teach these concepts and demonstrate how caring for multiple generations simultaneously enriches the care of each generation.

O fator comportamental do consumidor é decisório na busca pela moradia que deve atender a um limite mínimo de requisitos para que o morador decida-se pelo negócio ou espere uma oportunidade mais atraente. Neste raciocínio, pode-se perceber, ainda, que muitas pessoas escolhem sua moradia não porque correspondem às suas preferências, mas porque são as disponibilizadas pelo mercado. Apesar do aquecimento do setor imobiliário, ainda existem várias empresas construtoras concebendo seus produtos com base na observação empírica do comportamento do mercado. Este trabalho busca investigar características da demanda do mercado imobiliário para apoiar diretrizes que possam fundamentar estratégias de marketing para orientar incorporadores correlacionando preferências, necessidades e variáveis socioeconômicas dos clientes e variáveis do produto imobiliário. O instrumento utilizado na coleta de dados foi uma entrevista estruturada feita com moradores que residem em apartamentos na cidade de Goiânia. A abordagem utilizou-se de dois meios veiculares, pesquisas realizadas pessoalmente e por formulários eletrônicos via internet, com período de obtenção de dados nos meses de agosto a outubro do ano de 2011, atingindo 201 entrevistados. Entre os resultados obtidos, o estágio do ciclo de vida familiar é apontado como a variável fundamental da demanda que deve complementar a pesquisa de marketing, a qual não deve ficar apenas restrita à renda do cliente em potencial.

Društvene znanosti pronalaze različita polja interesa ka kojima fokusiraju svoja istraživanja obiteljskog života. U znanostima o odgoju dominantna su dva polja: istraživanje odgojnog konteksta obiteljskog života, kao determinante razvoja djece i roditelja, i istraživanje mogućnosti obrazovanja kao sredstva podrške razvoju i unapređenju odgojnog konteksta obitelji. Adolescencija predstavlja potencijalno vrlo kriznu točku u životnom ciklusu obitelji – to je vrijeme ogromnih promjena u djetetovu životu, na raznim planovima njegovog razvoja i funkcioniranja. Samim tim, adolescentsko razdoblje djeteta može biti shvaćeno i kao vrijeme izazova funkcioniranju obitelji. U ovom radu prikazani su rezultati istraživanja obrazovnih potreba roditelja čija su djeca adolescentskog uzrasta. Obiteljsko funkcioniranje je istraživano upotrebom prilagođenog Instrumenta za procjenu obiteljskog funkcioniranja (McMaster - Family Assessment Device). Obrazovne potrebe su istraživane Inventarom obrazovnih potreba konstruiranim za potrebe ovog istraživanja. Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 432 roditelja čija su djeca adolescentskog uzrasta. U radu su prikazani rezultati koji se odnose na povezanost procjene obiteljskog funkcioniranja i izraženih obrazovnih potreba roditelja., Social sciences find different fields of interests and focus their researches of family life towards them. In educational sciences there are two dominant fields: research of educational context of family life, as determinant of children and parents development, and, second, research of educational possibilities as a tool for support to development and improvement of family educational context. Adolescence represents potentially very critical point in family life cycle – that is the period of great changes in child’s life, on different levels of its development and functioning. In that sense, period of adolescence of a child can be understood also as a time of challanges for family functioning. This paper presents research results of educational needs of parents who have children in adolescence. Family functioning was researched by adapted instrument for assessment for family functioning (McMaster - Family Assessment Device). Educational needs were researched by Educational needs inventory which was constructed for this research. Research included 432 parents with children in adolescence. The paper shows results that refer to connection between assessment of family functioning and parents’ educational needs.

Individual times and family time at various ages of life. - If all of us are born one day, growing, getting older, the family, as an emotional and economical ensemble of deeply interconnected individuals, will also be lead in this temporal flux. As family therapists, we need to question the intersections that exist between the phases through which every family members is passing and through which is passing the family as a whole: how each individual relation to time is influencing the family functioning and how does its own organization interfere with the individual developments ?What is the kind of chronology to which the family refers itself? What is the degree of autonomy and of dependency that exist between individual and systemic times ?The author discusses these temporal aspects of family life with some examples. © Medecine et Hygiene., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Substantial evidence suggests that women have added the role of worker to their characteristic adult roles of wife and mother. The inclusion of a work cycle in the female life course is a significant alteration of traditional roles, and is likely to have a major impact on both individual lives and the social structure. However, little has been done to incorporate these changes into theoretical perspectives on occupational development. This paper examines the literature on women and work by reviewing, at the societal level, the trends in female labor force activity since 1900 and, at the individual level, theories of the development of occupational behavior. An integration of these two areas is then suggested through an evaluation of their relevance to the human development paradigm. © 1982, Society for the Psychology of Women. All rights reserved.

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The paper gives an overview of the family life cycle in the Brčko District rural area in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the second half of the twentieth century. In the early 1960s, this area was heavily involved in the process of migration to more industrially-developed Western countries. Three large migration waves took place during this period. Based on intensive ethnographic research in the area, this paper emphasizes the role of migration processes in family transformation and the changes it brought to family forms and structures. The paper also stresses the fact that the family remained an important identity ‘marker’ for people both within and outside their communities.

L’article aborde les recompositions familiales sous l’angle des étapes du cycle de vie familiale. Cette approche permet de mettre en évidence la complexité des mécanismes d’affiliation, de désaffiliation et de deuil, qui peuvent émerger dans et entre les divers systèmes et sous-systèmes impliqués. La prise en compte de cette dimension diachronique et évolutive éclaire d’un regard nouveau la vulnérabilité qui caractérise nombre de familles recomposées (conflits de loyauté, coalitions, oppositions entre systèmes/sous-systèmes, délitement de liens, ruptures...) et ouvre à de nouvelles pistes thérapeutiques., Stepfamilies life cycleThe article discusses the stepfamilies in terms of stages of family life cycle. This approach highlights the complexity of the mechanisms of affiliation, disaffiliation and grief that can arise within and between the various systems and subsystems involved. The consideration of this diachronic and dynamic dimension brings a new understanding of the vulnerability that characterizes many stepfamilies (loyalty conflicts, coalitions, oppositions between systems/subsystems, disintegration of links, breakups...) and open new therapeutics orientations.

RésuméLes auteurs de cet article traitent la question de l’adolescence selon un double versant : celui de l’adolescent en tant qu’individu dont le développement psychophysique permet un processus d’autonomie croissante et d’acquisition d’identité, et celui du système d’appartenance, c’est-à-dire de la famille qui va traverser une phase délicate de son cycle de vie en réorganisant en profondeur les rôles, les fonctions, les relations. Une attention particulière sera accordée au couple parental., In this paper, the authors deal with the problem of adolescence under a double point of view: the one of the adolescent individual, whose psycho physiological development allows an increasing process of autonomy and identity, and on the other side, family system which shall go through a difficult phase of its life cycle, deeply reorganizing roles, functions, relationship, particularly in the marital couple.