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An adequate intestinal environment before weaning may contribute to diarrhea predisposition and piglet development. This study evaluates how the dietary supplementation of vitamin E (VE) (100 mg/kg), hydroxytyrosol (HXT) (1.5 mg/kg) or the combined administration (VE + HXT) given to Iberian sows from gestation affects the piglet's faecal characteristics, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), fatty acid profile or intestinal morphology as indicators of gut health; and quantify the contribution of the oxidative status and colostrum/milk composition to the piglet's SCFAs content and intestinal health. Dietary VE increased isobutyric acid (iC4), butyric acid (C4), isovaleric acid (iC5), and ∑SCFAs, whereas HXT increased iC4 and tended to decrease ∑SCFAs of faeces. Piglets from HXT-supplemented sows also tended to have higher faecal C20:4n-6/C20:2 ratio C22:6 proportion and showed lower occludin gene expression in the duodenum. The combination of both antioxidants had a positive effect on iC4 and iC5 levels. Correlation analyses and regression equations indicate that faecal SCFAs were related to oxidative status (mainly plasma VE) and colostrum and milk composition (mainly C20:2, C20:3, C20:4 n-6). This study would confirm the superiority of VE over HXT supplementation to improve intestinal homeostasis, gut health, and, consequently piglet growth.

Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is a major problem in pig production and different strategies, mainly maternal supplementation with different agents, are currently being studied. The combination of hydroxytyrosol and n3-PUFA seems to be a promising treatment to counteract IUGR, since the combination may help improve n3-PUFA composition and lower the inflammatory status of IUGR piglets. The aim of the present study is to determine the effects of a maternal supplementation, from day 35 to day 100 of pregnancy, with linseed oil and hydroxytyrosol on the fetal FA composition. The results showed higher n3 levels, including eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic FA in the offspring from treated gilts, which showed lower n6-PUFA/n3-PUFA (n6/n3) ratios. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were also affected by treatment, especially in the muscle and brain. Thus, a maternal supplementation with linseed oil and hydroxytyrosol affected the fetal FA tissue composition, which could have implications in pig production due to the improvement of the piglets' health status.

España destaca por ser uno de los mayores productores de aceite de oliva y subproductos asociados. El extracto de oleuropeína obtenido a partir de las hojas presenta una alta capacidad antioxidante, así como interesantes efectos a nivel biológico como una rápida utilización de la glucosa. Los estudios más recientes además apuntan a que determina cambios en el metabolismo de ácidos grasos y aminoácidos, y efectos sobre el control del stress en el animal., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO)/FEDER, Depto. de Producción Animal, Fac. de Veterinaria, TRUE, pub

El ayuno de los animales antes del sacrificio es una práctica habitual con fines higiénico-sanitarios y económicos. Se evalúa el efecto que tiene sobre el valor nutricional de la carne de cerdo variaciones de 2-3 horas en el tiempo de ayuno previo al sacrificio, Fasting before slaughter is a common practice for hygienic-sanitary and economic purposes. The effect of variations of 2-3 hours on the fasting time prior to slaughter is evaluated on the nutritional value of pork., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO)/FEDER, Depto. de Producción Animal, Fac. de Veterinaria, TRUE, pub

Different feeding strategies are being applied to sows in order to obtain homogeneous piglets’ weights and improved health status. This study evaluated how the dietary supplementation of vitamin E (VE) (100 mg/kg), hydroxytyrosol (HXT) (1.5 mg/kg) or the combined administration (VE + HXT) given to Iberian sows from day 85 of gestation affected the growth pattern of the piglets and their oxidative status; and quantified what these effects were due to. Dietary VE and HXT improved the oxidative status of sows and piglets. Both VE and HXT modified the growth pattern at birth and performances of the piglets in a different way according to the growing period. Piglets’ performances were positively correlated with plasma VE and negatively with plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) of the sow. However, the highest variation in growth patterns was explained by the colostrum composition. Significant linear equations were observed between piglets’ performances and colostrum saturated (SAT), n-7 monounsaturated fatty acids (C16:1n-7 and C18:1n-7) and different desaturases indices. This study would confirm that VE supplementation to the sow diet could be more adequate than HXT for the improved development during the first weeks of a piglet’s life. The combined administration of both antioxidants would not produce additional positive effects compared to the individual supplementation.

Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is a major problem in pig production and different strategies, mainly maternal supplementation with different agents, are currently being studied. The combination of hydroxytyrosol and n3-PUFA seems to be a promising treatment to counteract IUGR, since the combination may help improve n3-PUFA composition and lower the inflammatory status of IUGR piglets. The aim of the present study is to determine the effects of a maternal supplementation, from day 35 to day 100 of pregnancy, with linseed oil and hydroxytyrosol on the fetal FA composition. The results showed higher n3 levels, including eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic FA in the offspring from treated gilts, which showed lower n6-PUFA/n3-PUFA (n6/n3) ratios. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were also affected by treatment, especially in the muscle and brain. Thus, a maternal supplementation with linseed oil and hydroxytyrosol affected the fetal FA tissue composition, which could have implications in pig production due to the improvement of the piglets’ health status

Cheeses have been proposed as a good alternative to other fermented milk products for the delivery of probiotic bacteria to the consumer. The objective of this study was to assess the survival of two Lactobacillus salivarius strains (CECT5713 and PS2) isolated from human milk during production and storage of fresh cheese for 28 days at 4°C. The effect of such strains on the volatile compounds profile, texture, and other sensorial properties, including an overall consumer acceptance, was also investigated. Both L. salivarius strains remained viable in the cheeses throughout the storage period and a significant reduction in their viable counts was only observed after 21 days. Globally, the addition of the L. salivarius strains did not change significantly neither the chemical composition of the cheese nor texture parameters after the storage period, although cheeses manufactured with L. salivarius CECT5713 presented significantly higher values of hardness. A total of 59 volatile compounds were identified in the headspace of experimental cheeses, and some L. salivarius-associated differences could be identified. All cheeses presented good results of acceptance after the sensory evaluation. Consequently, our results indicated that fresh cheese can be a good vehicle for the two L. salivarius strains analyzed in this study. © 2014 Nivia Cárdenas et al.

We have studied the diversity of B. henselae circulating in patients, reservoir hosts and vectors in Spain. In total, we have fully characterized 53 clinical samples from 46 patients, as well as 78 B. henselae isolates obtained from 35 cats from La Rioja and Catalonia (northeastern Spain), four positive cat blood samples from which no isolates were obtained, and three positive fleas by Multiple Locus Sequence Typing and Multiple Locus Variable Number Tandem Repeats Analysis. This study represents the largest series of human cases characterized with these methods, with 10 different sequence types and 41 MLVA profiles. Two of the sequence types and 35 of the profiles were not described previously. Most of the B. henselae variants belonged to ST5. Also, we have identified a common profile (72) which is well distributed in Spain and was found to persist over time. Indeed, this profile seems to be the origin from which most of the variants identified in this study have been generated. In addition, ST5, ST6 and ST9 were found associated with felines, whereas ST1, ST5 and ST8 were the most frequent sequence types found infecting humans. Interestingly, some of the feline associated variants never found on patients were located in a separate clade, which could represent a group of strains less pathogenic for humans. © 2013 Gil et al.

In the framework of recognizer cell–like membrane systems it is well known that the construction of exponential number of objects in polynomial time is not enough to efficiently solve NP–complete problems. Nonetheless, it may be sufficient to create an exponential number of membranes in polynomial time. In this paper, we study the computational efficiency of recognizer tissue P systems with communication (symport/antiport) rules and division rules. Some results have been already obtained in this direction: (a) using communication rules and making no use of division rules, only tractable problems can be efficiently solved; (b) using communication rules with length three and division rules, NP–complete problems can be efficiently solved. In this paper, we show that the length of communication rules plays a relevant role from the efficiency point of view for this kind of P systems., Postprint (published version)

In the framework of recognizer cell–like membrane systems it is well known that the construction of exponential number of objects in polynomial time is not enough to efficiently solve NP–complete problems. Nonetheless, it may be sufficient to create an exponential number of membranes in polynomial time. In this paper, we study the computational efficiency of recognizer tissue P systems with communication (symport/antiport) rules and division rules. Some results have been already obtained in this direction: (a) using communication rules and making no use of division rules, only tractable problems can be efficiently solved; (b) using communication rules with length three and division rules, NP–complete problems can be efficiently solved. In this paper, we show that the length of communication rules plays a relevant role from the efficiency point of view for this kind of P systems., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

P–Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing which aims to be a standard to define P systems. In order to implement this idea, a Java library called pLinguaCore has been developed as a software framework for cell–like P systems. It is able to handle input files (either in XML or in P–Lingua format) defining P systems from a number of different cell–like P system models. Moreover, the library includes several built–in simulators for each supported model. For the sake of software portability, pLinguaCore can export a P system definition to any convenient output format (currently XML and binary formats are available). This software is not a closed product, but it can be extended to accept new input or output formats and also new models or simulators. The term P–Lingua 2.0 refers to the software package consisting of the above mentioned library together with a user interface called pLinguaPlugin (more details can be found at http://www.p-lingua.org). Finally, in order to illustrate the software, this paper includes an application using pLinguaCore for describing and simulating ecosystems by means of P systems.

In the framework of cell–like membrane systems it is well known that the construction of exponential number of objects in polynomial time is not enough to efficiently solve NP–complete problems. Nonetheless, it may be sufficient to create an exponential number of membranes in polynomial time. In the framework of recognizer polarizationless P systems with active membranes, the construction of an exponential workspace expressed in terms of number of membranes and objects may not suffice to efficiently solve computationally hard problems. In this paper we study the computational efficiency of recognizer tissue P systems with communication (symport/antiport) rules and division rules. Some results have been already obtained in this direction: (a) using communication rules and forbidding division rules, only tractable problems can be efficiently solved; (b) using communication rules with length three and division rules, NP–complete problems can be efficiently solved. In this paper we show that the allowed length of communication rules plays a relevant role from the efficiency point of view of the systems.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was rst presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present two new applications based on P-Lingua 2.0: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems and a framework (currently under development) for P systems design.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was first presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present one of the first applications based on P- Lingua: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems.

P–Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing which aims to be a standard to define P systems. In order to implement this idea, a Java library called pLinguaCore has been developed as a software framework for cell–like P systems. It is able to handle input files (either in XML or in P–Lingua format) defining P systems from a number of different cell–like P system models. Moreover, the library includes several built–in simulators for each supported model. For the sake of software portability, pLinguaCore can export a P system definition to any convenient output format (currently XML and binary formats are available). This software is not a closed product, but it can be extended to accept new input or output formats and also new models or simulators. The term P–Lingua 2.0 refers to the software package consisting of the above mentioned library together with a user interface called pLinguaPlugin (more details can be found at http://www.p-lingua.org). Finally, in order to illustrate the software, this paper includes an application using pLinguaCore for describing and simulating ecosystems by means of P systems.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was rst presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present two new applications based on P-Lingua 2.0: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems and a framework (currently under development) for P systems design.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was first presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present one of the first applications based on P- Lingua: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was rst presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present two new applications based on P-Lingua 2.0: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems and a framework (currently under development) for P systems design.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was first presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present one of the first applications based on P- Lingua: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems.

P–Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing which aims to be a standard to define P systems. In order to implement this idea, a Java library called pLinguaCore has been developed as a software framework for cell–like P systems. It is able to handle input files (either in XML or in P–Lingua format) defining P systems from a number of different cell–like P system models. Moreover, the library includes several built–in simulators for each supported model. For the sake of software portability, pLinguaCore can export a P system definition to any convenient output format (currently XML and binary formats are available). This software is not a closed product, but it can be extended to accept new input or output formats and also new models or simulators. The term P–Lingua 2.0 refers to the software package consisting of the above mentioned library together with a user interface called pLinguaPlugin (more details can be found at http://www.p-lingua.org). Finally, in order to illustrate the software, this paper includes an application using pLinguaCore for describing and simulating ecosystems by means of P systems.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was rst presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present two new applications based on P-Lingua 2.0: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems and a framework (currently under development) for P systems design.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was first presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present one of the first applications based on P- Lingua: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was rst presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present two new applications based on P-Lingua 2.0: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems and a framework (currently under development) for P systems design.

In the framework of cell–like membrane systems it is well known that the construction of exponential number of objects in polynomial time is not enough to efficiently solve NP–complete problems. Nonetheless, it may be sufficient to create an exponential number of membranes in polynomial time. In the framework of recognizer polarizationless P systems with active membranes, the construction of an exponential workspace expressed in terms of number of membranes and objects may not suffice to efficiently solve computationally hard problems. In this paper we study the computational efficiency of recognizer tissue P systems with communication (symport/antiport) rules and division rules. Some results have been already obtained in this direction: (a) using communication rules and forbidding division rules, only tractable problems can be efficiently solved; (b) using communication rules with length three and division rules, NP–complete problems can be efficiently solved. In this paper we show that the allowed length of communication rules plays a relevant role from the efficiency point of view of the systems.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was rst presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present two new applications based on P-Lingua 2.0: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems and a framework (currently under development) for P systems design.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was first presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present one of the first applications based on P- Lingua: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems.

P–Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing which aims to be a standard to define P systems. In order to implement this idea, a Java library called pLinguaCore has been developed as a software framework for cell–like P systems. It is able to handle input files (either in XML or in P–Lingua format) defining P systems from a number of different cell–like P system models. Moreover, the library includes several built–in simulators for each supported model. For the sake of software portability, pLinguaCore can export a P system definition to any convenient output format (currently XML and binary formats are available). This software is not a closed product, but it can be extended to accept new input or output formats and also new models or simulators. The term P–Lingua 2.0 refers to the software package consisting of the above mentioned library together with a user interface called pLinguaPlugin (more details can be found at http://www.p-lingua.org). Finally, in order to illustrate the software, this paper includes an application using pLinguaCore for describing and simulating ecosystems by means of P systems.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was rst presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present two new applications based on P-Lingua 2.0: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems and a framework (currently under development) for P systems design.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was first presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present one of the first applications based on P- Lingua: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems.

P–Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing which aims to be a standard to define P systems. In order to implement this idea, a Java library called pLinguaCore has been developed as a software framework for cell–like P systems. It is able to handle input files (either in XML or in P–Lingua format) defining P systems from a number of different cell–like P system models. Moreover, the library includes several built–in simulators for each supported model. For the sake of software portability, pLinguaCore can export a P system definition to any convenient output format (currently XML and binary formats are available). This software is not a closed product, but it can be extended to accept new input or output formats and also new models or simulators. The term P–Lingua 2.0 refers to the software package consisting of the above mentioned library together with a user interface called pLinguaPlugin (more details can be found at http://www.p-lingua.org). Finally, in order to illustrate the software, this paper includes an application using pLinguaCore for describing and simulating ecosystems by means of P systems.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was first presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present one of the first applications based on P- Lingua: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems.

P-Lingua is a programming language for membrane computing. It was rst presented in Edinburgh, during the Ninth Workshop on Membrane Computing (WMC9). In this paper, the models, simulators and formats included in P-Lingua in version 2.0 are explained. We focus on the stochastic model, associated simulators and updated features. Finally, we present two new applications based on P-Lingua 2.0: a tool for describing and simulating ecosystems and a framework (currently under development) for P systems design.

In the framework of cell–like membrane systems it is well known that the construction of exponential number of objects in polynomial time is not enough to efficiently solve NP–complete problems. Nonetheless, it may be sufficient to create an exponential number of membranes in polynomial time. In the framework of recognizer polarizationless P systems with active membranes, the construction of an exponential workspace expressed in terms of number of membranes and objects may not suffice to efficiently solve computationally hard problems. In this paper we study the computational efficiency of recognizer tissue P systems with communication (symport/antiport) rules and division rules. Some results have been already obtained in this direction: (a) using communication rules and forbidding division rules, only tractable problems can be efficiently solved; (b) using communication rules with length three and division rules, NP–complete problems can be efficiently solved. In this paper we show that the allowed length of communication rules plays a relevant role from the efficiency point of view of the systems.

Infraestructuras residenciales de uso público en Madrid

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[En] This report presents data on production of scientific publications, monographs and journal articles, published by professors of universities with specialties of Humanities and Social Sciences, all of these existing in the 25 Spanish universities in 1984. The report was writen by a group of documentation experts from ISOC (Institute for Information and Documentation in Social Sciences and Humanities) of CSIC. General and particular data are presented., Este informe presenta los datos relativos a la producción de publicaciones científicas, monografías y artículos de revista, publicados por los profesores de las facultades universitarias con especialidades de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales de la totalidad de las 25 universidades existentes en España en 1984. El informe fue elaborado por un grupo de documentalistas del ISOC (Instituto de Información y Documentación de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades) del CSIC. Se presentan resultados generales y particulares por Universidad.

[EN] Monographic of "CEUMT, la revista municipal" containing the index of 8 journals edited in Spain (Alfoz, Arquitectura, CAU, CEUMT, City and Territory, Territorial Studies, Quaderns and Revista de Derecho Urbanístico) with relevant information about the Spanish territories and cities. This bibliographical index organizes by subjects the articles published between 1978 and 1986. Its for this that It constitutes an important instrument for the reconstruction of urban and country planning, urban development and urban history of Madrid, Barcelona, Catalonia and Spain in general in the years of the Spanish democratic transition ., [ES] Monográfico de “CEUMT, la revista municipal” que contiene un índice de revistas españolas de urbanismo que presenta el vaciado de 8 publicaciones periódicas (Alfoz, Arquitectura, CAU, CEUMT, Ciudad y Territorio, Estudios Territoriales, Quaderns y Revista de Derecho Urbanístico) editadas en España con información relevante acerca del territorio y las ciudades españolas. Este índice bibliográfico organiza temáticamente los artículos aparecidos en dichas revistas entre 1978 y 1986. Constituye un instrumento importante para la reconstrucción del urbanismo, la ordenación del territorio, el desarrollo urbano y la historia urbana de Madrid, Barcelona, Cataluña y España en general en los años de la transición democrática española.

Alcance y contenido: Padre: Perez, Carlos Madre: Escudero, Rosa

Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is a major problem in pig production and different strategies, mainly maternal supplementation with different agents, are currently being studied. The combination of hydroxytyrosol and n3-PUFA seems to be a promising treatment to counteract IUGR, since the combination may help improve n3-PUFA composition and lower the inflammatory status of IUGR piglets. The aim of the present study is to determine the effects of a maternal supplementation, from day 35 to day 100 of pregnancy, with linseed oil and hydroxytyrosol on the fetal FA composition. The results showed higher n3 levels, including eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic FA in the offspring from treated gilts, which showed lower n6-PUFA/n3-PUFA (n6/n3) ratios. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were also affected by treatment, especially in the muscle and brain. Thus, a maternal supplementation with linseed oil and hydroxytyrosol affected the fetal FA tissue composition, which could have implications in pig production due to the improvement of the piglets’ health status., Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (project AGL2016-79321-C2-2-R and AGL2019-108695RB-C31), co-funded by FEDER., AHM, CGC and MVG were supported by the Spanish Government (AHM: FPI National Program BES-2017-080541; CGC: FPI BES-2014-070464; MVG: FPU National Program FPU014/01285)., Depto. de Producción Animal, Fac. de Veterinaria, TRUE, pub