Search

Your search keyword '"Edwards F"' showing total 26 results
Start Over Author "Edwards F" Publication Type Electronic Resources
26 results on '"Edwards F"'

1. Evidence for the effectiveness of nature-based solutions to water issues in Africa

Author

Acreman, M., Smith, A., Charters, L., Tickner, D., Opperman, J., Acreman, S., Edwards, F., Sayers, P., Chivava, F., Acreman, M., Smith, A., Charters, L., Tickner, D., Opperman, J., Acreman, S., Edwards, F., Sayers, P., and Chivava, F.

Abstract

There is increasing global interest in employing nature-based solutions, such as reforestation and wetland restoration, to help reduce water risks to economies and society, including water pollution, floods, droughts and water scarcity, that are likely to become worse under future climates. Africa is exposed to many such water risks. Nature-based solutions for adaptation should be designed to benefit biodiversity and can also provide multiple co-benefits, such as carbon sequestration. A systematic review of over 10 000 publications revealed 150 containing 492 quantitative case studies related to the effectiveness of nature-based solutions for downstream water quantity and water quality (including sediment load) in Africa. The solutions assessed included landscape-scale interventions and patterns (forests and natural wetlands) and site-specific interventions (constructed wetlands and urban interventions e.g. soakaways). Consistent evidence was found that nature-based solutions can improve water quality. In contrast, evidence of their effectiveness for improving downstream water resource quantity was inconsistent, with most case studies showing a decline in water yield where forests (particularly plantations of non-native species) and wetlands are present. The evidence further suggests that restoration of forests and floodplain wetlands can reduce flood risk, and their conservation can prevent future increases in risk; in contrast, this is not the case for headwater wetlands. Potential trade-offs identified include nature-based solutions reducing flood risk and pollution, whilst decreasing downstream water resource quantity. The evidence provides a scientific underpinning for policy and planning for nature-based solutions to water-related risks in Africa, though implementation will require local knowledge.

Published
2021

3. Trait-based ecology at large scales: Assessing functional trait correlations, phylogenetic constraints and spatial variability using open data

Author

Wilkes, M.A., Edwards, F., Jones, J.I., Murphy, J.F., England, J., Friberg, N., Hering, D., Poff, N.L., Usseglio-Polatera, P., Verberk, W., Webb, J., Brown, L.E., Wilkes, M.A., Edwards, F., Jones, J.I., Murphy, J.F., England, J., Friberg, N., Hering, D., Poff, N.L., Usseglio-Polatera, P., Verberk, W., Webb, J., and Brown, L.E.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 226591.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2020

4. Environment and Rural Affairs Monitoring & Modelling Programme - ERAMMP Year 1 Report 11: Year 1 Summary

Author

Emmett, B., Alexander, M., Alison, J., Anthony, S., Ballinger, R., Bell, C., Bowgen, K, Cooper, D., Cosby, J., Dickie, I., Ditchburn, B., Edwards, F., Engledew, M., Fitch, A., Frost, N., Garbutt, R.A., Gooday, R., Hatfield, J., Henrys, P., Hull, S., Jenkins, T., Jones, L., Kettel, E., Logie, M., Lyons, H., Maclean, K., Mant, J., Maskell, L.C., Matthews, R., Petr, M., Powney, G.R., Read, D., Robinson, D.A., Siriwardena, G., Smart, S.M., Steadman, C., Thomas, A., Thomas, D., Thomas, T., Tye, A., Vieno, M., Williams, B., Wood, C., Emmett, B., Alexander, M., Alison, J., Anthony, S., Ballinger, R., Bell, C., Bowgen, K, Cooper, D., Cosby, J., Dickie, I., Ditchburn, B., Edwards, F., Engledew, M., Fitch, A., Frost, N., Garbutt, R.A., Gooday, R., Hatfield, J., Henrys, P., Hull, S., Jenkins, T., Jones, L., Kettel, E., Logie, M., Lyons, H., Maclean, K., Mant, J., Maskell, L.C., Matthews, R., Petr, M., Powney, G.R., Read, D., Robinson, D.A., Siriwardena, G., Smart, S.M., Steadman, C., Thomas, A., Thomas, D., Thomas, T., Tye, A., Vieno, M., Williams, B., and Wood, C.

Abstract

the ERAMMP Year 1 activities and sub-reports fall under three categories: modelling; monitoring; and data and analysis.

Published
2019

5. Glastir Monitoring & Evaluation Programme. Final report

Author

Emmett, B.E., Abdalla, M., Anthony, S., Astbury, S., August, T., Barrett, G., Beckmann, B., Biggs, J., Botham, M., Bradley, D., Brown, M., Burden, A., Carter, H., Chadwick, D., Cigna, F., Collier, R., Cooper, D., Cooper, J., Cosby, B.J., Creer, S., Cross, P., Dadam, D., Edwards, F., Edwards, M., Evans, C., Ewald, N., Fitton, A., Garbutt, A., Giampieri, C., Gooday, R., Grebby, S., Greene, S., Halfpenney, I., Hall, J., Harrison, S., Harrower, C., Henrys, P., Hobson, R., Hughes, P., Hughes, S., Illian, J., Isaac, N., Jackson, B., Jarvis, S., Jones, D.L., Jones, P., Keith, A., Kelly, M., Kneebone, N., Korenko, J., Lallias, D., Leaver, D., Robinson, I., Malcolm, H., Maskell, L., McDonald, J., Moxley, J., Norton, L., O'Hare, M., Oliver, T., Owen, A., Parkhill, K.A., Pereira, M., Peyton, J., Pogson, M., Powney, G., Pritchard, N., Prochorskaite, A., Prosser, M., Pywell, R., Rawlins, B., Reuland, O., Richards, M., Robinson, D.A, Rorke, S., Rowland, C., Roy, D., Scarlett, P., Scholefield, P., Scott, A., Scott, L., Scott, R., Sharps, K., Siriwardena, G., Smart, S., Smith, G., Smith, P., Stopps, J., Swetnam, R., Taft, H., Taylor, R., Tebbs, E., Thomas, A., Todd-Jones, C., Tordoff, G., Turner, G., Van Breda, J., Vincent, H., Wagner, M., Waters, E., Walker-Springett, K., Wallace, H., Watkins, J., Webb, G., White, J., Whitworth, E., Williams, B., Williams, P., Wood, C., Wright, S., Emmett, B.E., Abdalla, M., Anthony, S., Astbury, S., August, T., Barrett, G., Beckmann, B., Biggs, J., Botham, M., Bradley, D., Brown, M., Burden, A., Carter, H., Chadwick, D., Cigna, F., Collier, R., Cooper, D., Cooper, J., Cosby, B.J., Creer, S., Cross, P., Dadam, D., Edwards, F., Edwards, M., Evans, C., Ewald, N., Fitton, A., Garbutt, A., Giampieri, C., Gooday, R., Grebby, S., Greene, S., Halfpenney, I., Hall, J., Harrison, S., Harrower, C., Henrys, P., Hobson, R., Hughes, P., Hughes, S., Illian, J., Isaac, N., Jackson, B., Jarvis, S., Jones, D.L., Jones, P., Keith, A., Kelly, M., Kneebone, N., Korenko, J., Lallias, D., Leaver, D., Robinson, I., Malcolm, H., Maskell, L., McDonald, J., Moxley, J., Norton, L., O'Hare, M., Oliver, T., Owen, A., Parkhill, K.A., Pereira, M., Peyton, J., Pogson, M., Powney, G., Pritchard, N., Prochorskaite, A., Prosser, M., Pywell, R., Rawlins, B., Reuland, O., Richards, M., Robinson, D.A, Rorke, S., Rowland, C., Roy, D., Scarlett, P., Scholefield, P., Scott, A., Scott, L., Scott, R., Sharps, K., Siriwardena, G., Smart, S., Smith, G., Smith, P., Stopps, J., Swetnam, R., Taft, H., Taylor, R., Tebbs, E., Thomas, A., Todd-Jones, C., Tordoff, G., Turner, G., Van Breda, J., Vincent, H., Wagner, M., Waters, E., Walker-Springett, K., Wallace, H., Watkins, J., Webb, G., White, J., Whitworth, E., Williams, B., Williams, P., Wood, C., and Wright, S.

Abstract

Final Report to Welsh Government, prepared by CEH on behalf of the Glastir Monitoring & Evaluation Programme Team. The Glastir Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (GMEP) provides a comprehensive programme to establish a baseline against which future assessments of Glastir can be made. GMEP also contributes national trend data which supports a range of national and international biodiversity and environmental targets. GMEP fulfils a commitment by the Welsh Government to establish a monitoring programme concurrently with the launch of the Glastir scheme. The use of models and farmer surveys provides early indicators of the likely direction, magnitude and timing of future outcomes. The programme ensures compliance with the rigorous requirements of the European Commission’s Common Monitoring and Evaluation Framework (CMEF) through the Rural Development Plan (RDP) for Wales. This report represents the final results of the GMEP programme which ran from 2012 to 2016.

Published
2017

6. Does an artificial alteration of flow caused by abstraction, impoundment or discharge change ecology in British rivers?

Author

Newman, J.R, Atherton, L., Webb, G., Gill, A., Williams, H., Creer, E., Johnson, H., Cox, B., Edwards, F., Soley, R, Duenas, M.A., Laize, C., Acreman, M.C., Newman, J.R, Atherton, L., Webb, G., Gill, A., Williams, H., Creer, E., Johnson, H., Cox, B., Edwards, F., Soley, R, Duenas, M.A., Laize, C., and Acreman, M.C.

Abstract

This report describes a systematic review of the evidence in support of the primary question “Does an artificial alteration of flow caused by abstraction, impoundment or discharge change ecology in British rivers?”

Published
2016

7. The invertebrate ecology of the Chalk aquifer in England (UK)

Author

Maurice, L., Robertson, A.R., White, D., Knight, L., Johns, T., Edwards, F., Arietti, M., Sorensen, J.P.R., Weitowitz, D., Marchant, B.P., Bloomfield, J.P., Maurice, L., Robertson, A.R., White, D., Knight, L., Johns, T., Edwards, F., Arietti, M., Sorensen, J.P.R., Weitowitz, D., Marchant, B.P., and Bloomfield, J.P.

Abstract

The Chalk is an important water supply aquifer, yet ecosystems within it remain poorly understood. Boreholes (198) in seven areas of England (UK) were sampled to determine the importance of the Chalk aquifer as a habitat, and to improve understanding of how species are distributed. Stygobitic macro-invertebrates were remarkably common, and were recorded in 67 % of boreholes in unconcealed Chalk, although they were not recorded in Chalk that is concealed by low-permeability strata and thus likely to be confined. Most species were found in shallow boreholes (<21 m) and boreholes with deep (>50 m) water tables, indicating that the habitat is vertically extensive. Stygobites were present in more boreholes in southern England than northern England (77 % compared to 38 %). Only two species were found in northern England compared to six in southern England, but overall seven of the eight stygobitic macro-invertebrate species found in England were detected in the Chalk. Two species are common in southern England, but absent from northern England despite the presence of a continuous habitat prior to the Devensian glaciation. This suggests that either they did not survive glaciations in the north where glaciers were more extensive, or dispersal rates are slow and they have never colonised northern England. Subsurface ecosystems comprising aquatic macro-invertebrates and meiofauna, as well as the microbial organisms they interact with, are likely to be widespread in the Chalk aquifer. They represent an important contribution to biodiversity, and may influence biogeochemical cycles and provide other ecosystem services.

Published
2016

8. Glastir Monitoring & Evaluation Programme. Second year annual report

Author

Emmett, Bridget, Williams, Bronwen, Emmett, B.E., Abdalla, M., Anthony, S., Astbury, S., August, T., Barrett, G., Beckmann, B., Biggs, J., Botham, M., Bradley, D., Chadwick, D., Collier, R., Cooper, D., Cooper, J., Cosby, B.J., Creer, S., Cross, P., Dadam, D., Edwards, F., Edwards, M., Evans, C., Ewald, N., Garbutt, A., Giampieri, C., Goodwin, A., Grebby, S., Greene, S., Halfpenney, I., Hall, J., Harrower, C., Henrys, P., Hobson, R., Hughes, P., Hughes, S., Isaac, N., Jackson, B., Jarvis, S., Jones, D.L., Jones, P., Keith, A., Kelly, M., Kneebone, N., Lallias, D., Lebron, I., Malcolm, H., Maskell, L., MacDonald, J., Maxwell, D., Moxley, J., Norton, L., Oliver, T., Owen, A., Parkhill, K.A., Pereira, M.G., Peyton, J., Powney, G., Prochorskaite, A., Rawlins, B., Reuland, O., Robinson, D.A., Rorke, S., Rowland, C., Roy, D., Scarlett, P., Scholefield, P., Scott, L., Smith, G.R., Siriwardena, G., Smart, S., Smith, P., Swetnam, R., Taft, H., Taylor, R., Tebbs, E., Thomas, A., Tordoff, G., Turner, G., Van Breda, J., Vincent, H., Wagner, M., Waters, E., Walker-Springett, K., Wallace, H., Webb, G., Williams, B., Williams, P., Wood, C., Emmett, Bridget, Williams, Bronwen, Emmett, B.E., Abdalla, M., Anthony, S., Astbury, S., August, T., Barrett, G., Beckmann, B., Biggs, J., Botham, M., Bradley, D., Chadwick, D., Collier, R., Cooper, D., Cooper, J., Cosby, B.J., Creer, S., Cross, P., Dadam, D., Edwards, F., Edwards, M., Evans, C., Ewald, N., Garbutt, A., Giampieri, C., Goodwin, A., Grebby, S., Greene, S., Halfpenney, I., Hall, J., Harrower, C., Henrys, P., Hobson, R., Hughes, P., Hughes, S., Isaac, N., Jackson, B., Jarvis, S., Jones, D.L., Jones, P., Keith, A., Kelly, M., Kneebone, N., Lallias, D., Lebron, I., Malcolm, H., Maskell, L., MacDonald, J., Maxwell, D., Moxley, J., Norton, L., Oliver, T., Owen, A., Parkhill, K.A., Pereira, M.G., Peyton, J., Powney, G., Prochorskaite, A., Rawlins, B., Reuland, O., Robinson, D.A., Rorke, S., Rowland, C., Roy, D., Scarlett, P., Scholefield, P., Scott, L., Smith, G.R., Siriwardena, G., Smart, S., Smith, P., Swetnam, R., Taft, H., Taylor, R., Tebbs, E., Thomas, A., Tordoff, G., Turner, G., Van Breda, J., Vincent, H., Wagner, M., Waters, E., Walker-Springett, K., Wallace, H., Webb, G., Williams, B., Williams, P., and Wood, C.

Abstract

What is the purpose of Glastir Monitoring and Evaluation Programme? Glastir is the main scheme by which the Welsh Government pays for environmental goods and services whilst the Glastir Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (GMEP) evaluates the scheme’s success. Commissioning of the monitoring programme in parallel with the launch of the Glastir scheme provides fast feedback and means payments can be modified to increase effectiveness. The Glastir scheme is jointly funded by the Welsh Government (through the Rural Development Plan) and the EU. GMEP will also support a wide range of other national and international reporting requirements. What is the GMEP approach? GMEP collects evidence for the 6 intended outcomes from the Glastir scheme which are focussed on climate change, water and soil quality, biodiversity, landscape, access and historic environment, woodland creation and management. Activities include; a national rolling monitoring programme of 1km squares; new analysis of long term data from other schemes combining with GMEP data where possible; modelling to estimate future outcomes so that adjustments can be made to maximise impact of payments; surveys to assess wider socio-economic benefits; and development of novel technologies to increase detection and efficiency of future assessments. How has GMEP progressed in this 2nd year? 90 GMEP squares were surveyed in Year 2 to add to the 60 completed in Year 1 resulting in 50% of the 300 GMEP survey squares now being completed. Squares will be revisited on a 4 year cycle providing evidence of change in response to Glastir and other pressures such as changing economics of the farm business, climate change and air pollution. This first survey cycle collects the baseline against which future changes will be assessed. This is important as GMEP work this year has demonstrated land coming into the scheme is different in some respects to land outside the scheme. Therefore, future analysis to detect impact of Glastir will

Published
2015

9. Horizon scanning for invasive alien species with the potential to threaten biodiversity in Great Britain

Author

Roy, HE, Peyton, J, Aldridge, DC, Bantock, T, Blackburn, TM, Britton, R, Clark, P, Cook, E, Dehnen-Schmutz, K, Dines, T, Dobson, M, Edwards, F, Harrower, C, Harvey, MC, Minchin, D, Noble, DG, Parrott, D, Pocock, MJO, Preston, CD, Roy, S, Salisbury, A, Schönrogge, K, Sewell, J, Shaw, RH, Stebbing, P, Stewart, AJA, Walker, KJ, Roy, HE, Peyton, J, Aldridge, DC, Bantock, T, Blackburn, TM, Britton, R, Clark, P, Cook, E, Dehnen-Schmutz, K, Dines, T, Dobson, M, Edwards, F, Harrower, C, Harvey, MC, Minchin, D, Noble, DG, Parrott, D, Pocock, MJO, Preston, CD, Roy, S, Salisbury, A, Schönrogge, K, Sewell, J, Shaw, RH, Stebbing, P, Stewart, AJA, and Walker, KJ

Published
2014

10. Biodiversity, Species Interactions and Ecological Networks in a Fragmented World

Author

Hagen, M., Kissling, W. Daniel, Rasmussen, Claus, Aguiar, Marcus A. M. de, Brown, Lee, Carstensen, D.W., Alves-Dos Santos, I., Dupont, Yoko L., Edwards, F. K., Genini. J., Guimarães, Paulo R., Jenkins, G. D., Jordano, Pedro, Hagen, M., Kissling, W. Daniel, Rasmussen, Claus, Aguiar, Marcus A. M. de, Brown, Lee, Carstensen, D.W., Alves-Dos Santos, I., Dupont, Yoko L., Edwards, F. K., Genini. J., Guimarães, Paulo R., Jenkins, G. D., and Jordano, Pedro

Abstract

Biodiversity is organised into complex ecological networks of interacting species in local ecosystems, but our knowledge about the effects of habitat fragmentation on such systems remains limited. We consider the effects of this key driver of both local and global change on both mutualistic and antagonistic systems at different levels of biological organisation and spatiotemporal scales.There is a complex interplay of patterns and processes related to the variation and influence of spatial, temporal and biotic drivers in ecological networks. Species traits (e.g. body size, dispersal ability) play an important role in determining how networks respond to fragment size and isolation, edge shape and permeability, and the quality of the surrounding landscape matrix. Furthermore, the perception of spatial scale (e.g. environmental grain) and temporal effects (time lags, extinction debts) can differ markedly among species, network modules and trophic levels, highlighting the need to develop a more integrated perspective that considers not just nodes, but the structural role and strength of species interactions (e.g. as hubs, spatial couplers and determinants of connectance, nestedness and modularity) in response to habitat fragmentation.Many challenges remain for improving our understanding: the likely importance of specialisation, functional redundancy and trait matching has been largely overlooked. The potentially critical effects of apex consumers, abundant species and super-generalists on network changes and evolutionary dynamics also need to be addressed in future research. Ultimately, spatial and ecological networks need to be combined to explore the effects of dispersal, colonisation, extinction and habitat fragmentation on network structure and coevolutionary dynamics. Finally, we need to embed network approaches more explicitly within applied ecology in general, because they offer great potential for improving on the current species-based or habitat-centric approa

Published
2012

11. Food systems, climate change adaptation and human health in Australia

Author

Edwards, F., Dixon, J., Friel, S., Hall, G., Hannigan, I., Hattersley, L., Hogan, A., Larsen, K., Lawrence, M., Lockie, S., Lopata, A., Wilson, A., Wood, B., Edwards, F., Dixon, J., Friel, S., Hall, G., Hannigan, I., Hattersley, L., Hogan, A., Larsen, K., Lawrence, M., Lockie, S., Lopata, A., Wilson, A., and Wood, B.

Published
2011

12. Ecological networks - foodwebs and beyond

Author

Ings, T. C., Montoya, J. M., Bascompte, J., Blüthgen, N., Brown, L., Dormann, C. F., Edwards, F., Figueroa, D., Jacob, Ute, Jones, J. I., Lauridsen, R. B., Ledger, M. E., Lewis, H. M., Olesen, J. M., VanVeen, F. J., Warren, P. H., Woodward, G., Ings, T. C., Montoya, J. M., Bascompte, J., Blüthgen, N., Brown, L., Dormann, C. F., Edwards, F., Figueroa, D., Jacob, Ute, Jones, J. I., Lauridsen, R. B., Ledger, M. E., Lewis, H. M., Olesen, J. M., VanVeen, F. J., Warren, P. H., and Woodward, G.

Published
2009

13. Ecological networks - beyond food webs

Author

Ings, T.C., Montoya, J.M., Bascompte, J., Blüthgen, N., Brown, L., Dormann, Carsten, Edwards, F., Figueroa, D., Jacob, U., Jones, J.I., Lauridsen, R.B., Ledger, M.E., Lewis, H.M., Olesen, J.M., van Veen, F.J.F., Warren, P.H., Woodward, G., Ings, T.C., Montoya, J.M., Bascompte, J., Blüthgen, N., Brown, L., Dormann, Carsten, Edwards, F., Figueroa, D., Jacob, U., Jones, J.I., Lauridsen, R.B., Ledger, M.E., Lewis, H.M., Olesen, J.M., van Veen, F.J.F., Warren, P.H., and Woodward, G.

Abstract

A fundamental goal of ecological network research is to understand how the complexity observed in nature can persist and how this affects ecosystem functioning. This is essential for us to be able to predict, and eventually mitigate, the consequences of increasing environmental perturbations such as habitat loss, climate change, and invasions of exotic species.Ecological networks can be subdivided into three broad types: 'traditional' food webs, mutualistic networks and host-parasitoid networks. There is a recent trend towards cross-comparisons among network types and also to take a more mechanistic, as opposed to phenomenological, perspective. For example, analysis of network configurations, such as compartments, allows us to explore the role of co-evolution in structuring mutualistic networks and host-parasitoid networks, and of body size in food webs.Research into ecological networks has recently undergone a renaissance, leading to the production of a new catalogue of evermore complete, taxonomically resolved, and quantitative data. Novel topological patterns have been unearthed and it is increasingly evident that it is the distribution of interaction strengths and the configuration of complexity, rather than just its magnitude, that governs network stability and structure.Another significant advance is the growing recognition of the importance of individual traits and behaviour: interactions, after all, occur between individuals. The new generation of high-quality networks is now enabling us to move away from describing networks based on species-averaged data and to start exploring patterns based on individuals. Such refinements will enable us to address more general ecological questions relating to foraging theory and the recent metabolic theory of ecology.We conclude by suggesting a number of 'dead ends' and 'fruitful avenues' for future research into ecological networks.

Published
2009

14. Tadnoll Brook. Final report

Author

Ibbotson, A.T., Edwards, F., Lauridsen, R., Scott, L., Ashton, J., Beaumont, W.R.C., Ibbotson, A.T., Edwards, F., Lauridsen, R., Scott, L., Ashton, J., and Beaumont, W.R.C.

Published
2008

15. Dry and ash-free dry mass to length relationships of bullhead (Cottus gobio L.).

Author

Edwards, F. K., Lauridsen, R. B., Duerdoth, C. P., Jones, I. J., Edwards, F. K., Lauridsen, R. B., Duerdoth, C. P., and Jones, I. J.

Abstract

Regression equations to convert between body length, wet weight, dry weight and ash-free dry weight are presented for bullhead. All regressions were highly significant and residuals were not correlated with predictor variables.

Published
2008

17. Consumer-resource body-size relationships in natural food webs

Author

Brose, U., Jonsson, T., Berlow, E. L., Warren, P., Banasek-Richter, C., Bersier, L. F., Blanchard, J. L., Brey, Thomas, Carpenter, S. R., Cattin Blandenier, M. F., Cushing, L., Dawah, H. A., Dell, T., Edwards, F., Harper-Smith, S., Jacob, Ute, Ledger, M. E., Martinez, N. D., Memmott, J., Mintenbeck, Katja, Pinnegar, J. K., Rall, B. J., Rayner, T., Reuman, D. C., Ruess, L., Ulrich, W., Williams, R. J., Woodward, G., Cohen, J. E., Brose, U., Jonsson, T., Berlow, E. L., Warren, P., Banasek-Richter, C., Bersier, L. F., Blanchard, J. L., Brey, Thomas, Carpenter, S. R., Cattin Blandenier, M. F., Cushing, L., Dawah, H. A., Dell, T., Edwards, F., Harper-Smith, S., Jacob, Ute, Ledger, M. E., Martinez, N. D., Memmott, J., Mintenbeck, Katja, Pinnegar, J. K., Rall, B. J., Rayner, T., Reuman, D. C., Ruess, L., Ulrich, W., Williams, R. J., Woodward, G., and Cohen, J. E.

Published
2006

18. Tadnoll Brook: 2006 salmon parr surveys

Author

Ibbotson, A., Edwards, F., Lauridsen, R., Beaumont, W. R. C., Pinder, A., Ibbotson, A., Edwards, F., Lauridsen, R., Beaumont, W. R. C., and Pinder, A.

Published
2006

20. Body sizes of consumers and their resources

Author

Brose, U., Cushing, L., Berlow, E. L., Jonsson, T., Banasek-Richter, C., Bersier, L. F., Blanchard, J. L., Brey, Thomas, Carpenter, S. R., Cattin Blandenier, M. F., Cohen, J. E., Dawah, H. A., Dell, T., Edwards, F., Harper-Smith, S., Jacob, Ute, Knapp, R. A., Ledger, M. E., Memmott, J., Mintenbeck, Katja, Pinnegar, J. K., Rall, B. J., Rayner, T., Ruess, L., Ulrich, W., Warren, P., Williams, R. J., Woodward, G., Yodzis, P., Martinez, N. D., Brose, U., Cushing, L., Berlow, E. L., Jonsson, T., Banasek-Richter, C., Bersier, L. F., Blanchard, J. L., Brey, Thomas, Carpenter, S. R., Cattin Blandenier, M. F., Cohen, J. E., Dawah, H. A., Dell, T., Edwards, F., Harper-Smith, S., Jacob, Ute, Knapp, R. A., Ledger, M. E., Memmott, J., Mintenbeck, Katja, Pinnegar, J. K., Rall, B. J., Rayner, T., Ruess, L., Ulrich, W., Warren, P., Williams, R. J., Woodward, G., Yodzis, P., and Martinez, N. D.

Published
2005

21. Electrical coupling between the myenteric interstitial cells of Cajal and adjacent muscle layers in the guinea-pig gastric antrum

Author

Cousins, H M, Edwards, F R, Hickey, Haruyo, Hill, Caryl, Hirst, G D S, Cousins, H M, Edwards, F R, Hickey, Haruyo, Hill, Caryl, and Hirst, G D S

Abstract

Intracellular recordings were made from short segments of the muscular wall of the guinea-pig gastric antrum. Preparations were impaled using two independent microelectrodes, one positioned in the circular layer and the other either in the longitudinal layer, in the network of myenteric interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCMY) or in the circular layer. Cells in each layer displayed characteristic patterns of rhythmical activity, with the largest signals being generated by ICCMY. Current pulses injected into the circular muscle layer produced electrotonic potentials in each cell layer, indicating that the layers are electrically interconnected. The amplitudes of these electrotonic potentials were largest in the circular layer and smallest in the longitudinal layer. An analysis of electrical coupling between the three layers suggests that although the cells in each layer are well coupled to neighbouring cells, the coupling between either muscle layer and the network of ICCMY is relatively poor. The electrical connections between ICCMY and the circular layer did not rectify. In parallel immunohistochemical studies, the distribution of the connexins Cx40, Cx43 and Cx45 within the antral wall was determined. Only Cx43 was detected; it was widely distributed on ICCMY and throughout the circular smooth muscle layer, being concentrated around ICCIM, but was less abundant in the circular muscle layer immediately adjacent to ICCMY. Although the electrophysiological studies indicate that smooth muscle cells in the longitudinal muscle layer are electrically coupled to each other, none of the connexins examined were detected in this layer.

Published
2003

22. A Predictive Model of Resectability for Patients with Bronchogenic Carcinoma

Author

WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH WASHINGTON DC, Edwards, F. H., Albus, R. A., Graeber, G. M., WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH WASHINGTON DC, Edwards, F. H., Albus, R. A., and Graeber, G. M.

Abstract

A computerized model based on Bayes' theorem was designed to predict whether bronchogenic cancer could be researched for cure. Beginning on 1 January, 1986, 100 consecutive patients undergoing thoracotomy for suspected lung cancer were prospectively analyzed. Eighty-five patients were found to have bronchogenic cancer and the remaining 15 were excluded from the study. Thirty-three risk factors were used to characterize the patient population. Bayesian conditional probabilities were derived from literature values and physician estimates. Keywords: Bayesian theory; Cancer; Pulmonary function; Reprints; Surgery., Published in Theoretical Surgery, v3 p128-131 1988.

Published
1988

23. Mobilization and Defense Management Technical Reports Series. Mobilization Studies Program Report. Selective Service Boards. Will They Be Ready?

Author

INDUSTRIAL COLL OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON DC, Armstrong,E L, Edwards,F C, Gest,R , III, Myerchin,T S, Southworth,D M, INDUSTRIAL COLL OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON DC, Armstrong,E L, Edwards,F C, Gest,R , III, Myerchin,T S, and Southworth,D M

Abstract

This paper investigates the potential for measuring and improving the attitudes and retention rate of Selective Service Board members. It was hypothesized that improving attitudes and retention would improve performance which, in turn, would increase the probability that sufficient concripts could be processed to support a protracted war. (Author)

Published
1983

24. UK Checklist of freshwater species

Author

Gunn, I. D. M., Carvalho, L., Davies, C. E., Edwards, F. K., Furse, M. T., Maitland, P. S., Raper, C., Siriwardena, G. M., Winfield, I. J., Gunn, I. D. M., Carvalho, L., Davies, C. E., Edwards, F. K., Furse, M. T., Maitland, P. S., Raper, C., Siriwardena, G. M., and Winfield, I. J.

25. UK Checklist of freshwater species

Author

Gunn, I. D. M., Carvalho, L., Davies, C. E., Edwards, F. K., Furse, M. T., Maitland, P. S., Raper, C., Siriwardena, G. M., Winfield, I. J., Gunn, I. D. M., Carvalho, L., Davies, C. E., Edwards, F. K., Furse, M. T., Maitland, P. S., Raper, C., Siriwardena, G. M., and Winfield, I. J.

26. Investigating the potential of therapeutically targeting the Insulin and Insulin-like Signalling cascade in neurodegeneration

Author

Paulin, J. J. W., Edwards, F. A., and Salih, D.

Subjects
616.8
Abstract

Decreasing signalling through the Insulin and Insulin-like Signalling (IIS) cascade by genetic and pharmacological means can increase the lifespan and healthspan of many organisms. Crucially, when long-lived animals are crossed with animal models of neurodegenerative disorders, the onset of pathology is slowed. Pharmacological inhibitors of the IIS cascade have also shown neurodegeneration delaying and neuroprotective properties. Furthermore, IIS is changed in neurodegenerative disorders; with increased astrocyte IGF1, localised increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation (p-ERK), and brain insulin and IGF1 resistance observed. The IIS cascade therefore seems critically implicated in neurodegeneration, and crucially via pharmacological means could yield disease-modifying interventions. To investigate pharmacological IIS manipulation for therapeutic gain in neurodegeneration, I firstly characterised changes in IIS in human Alzheimer's Disease patient brain samples, and in brain samples of mice modelling rising amyloid beta and plaque levels, or rising hyperphosphorylated tau and tangle levels; finding increased IIS at early ages in these models. I subsequently designed a bilaminar neuron and astrocyte co-culture model of acute neurodegeneration, whereby I identified that increased astrocyte Igf1 expression following a noxious stimulus is dependent on the presence of neurons during stress. I then manipulated IIS during the noxious stimulus by either knocking down increased Igf1 expression, inhibiting p-ERK with the drug Trametinib, or both. I identified that increased astrocyte Igf1 expression contributes to neuronal cell death, and that Trametinib was protective against neuronal cell death, but the mechanism of Igf1 induced neuronal cell death was not due to increase p-ERK. This confirms IIS as a viable pharmacological target for intervening in neurodegeneration.

Published
2017

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results